AT75698B - Process for splitting fats and fatty oils into glycerine and fatty acids. - Google Patents

Process for splitting fats and fatty oils into glycerine and fatty acids.

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Publication number
AT75698B
AT75698B AT75698DA AT75698B AT 75698 B AT75698 B AT 75698B AT 75698D A AT75698D A AT 75698DA AT 75698 B AT75698 B AT 75698B
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AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
fatty acids
glycerine
fatty
cleavage
oils
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wilhelm Happach
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Happach
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Happach filed Critical Wilhelm Happach
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Publication of AT75698B publication Critical patent/AT75698B/en

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Description

  

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



  Verfahren zur Spaltung der Fette und Fettöle in Glyzerin und Fettsäuren. 



   Es ist bekannt, dass bei der Einwirkung von Schwefelsäure bzw. Schwefelsäureanhydrid auf Naphta und Mineralöle sich organische Sulfosäuren bilden, welche auch in reinem Zustande erhalten werden können. (Siehe Patent Nr. 73991.) Es wurde nun festgestellt, dass diese Säuren Derivate der zyklischen   Kohlenwasserston'o   sind, ein sehr hohes 
 EMI1.1 
 entsprechen. Sie lösen sich leicht im Wasser auf und die verdünnten Wasserlösungen derselben bilden mit den Fetten und   Fettölen   sehr feine und schwer trennbare Emulsionen, welche, zum Sieden gebracht, die Glyzeride der Fette in Glyzerin und Fettsäuren spalten. 



   Ein solches durch Einwirkung von Schwefelsäure auf Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen erhaltenes Fettspaltungsmittel ist wohl im sogenannten Twitchellreaktiv bereits zur Anwendung gekommen, dieses gehört aber zur Klasse der aromatischen Sulfofettsäuren, kennzeichuet sich ausser der   Sulfogruppe (803 H)   noch durch das Vorhandensein der Carboxylgruppe (CO, H) in seinem Molekül und wird durch Einwirkung der Schwefelsäure auf ein Gemisch von höheren ungesättigten Fettsäuren mit aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen hergestollt. Vorliegendes Verfahren weist aber dem Twitchellverfahren (D R. P. Nr.   114491)     gegenüber   auch verschiedene, wesentliche Vorteile auf.

   Die Dauer   des Spattverfahrons   ist bei vollkommener Spaltung viel kürzer, die Farbe der   Fettsäuren verändert sich   nicht ungünstig, wodurch auch der dort nötige   Vorboreitungsproless   oder das Arbeiten unter Luftabschluss wegfällt, ferner ist das Verfahren als solches wesentlich billiger. 



   Die Spaltung der Glyzeride kann durch eine ganz kleine Menge der nach dem Patente Nr. 73991 erhaltenen Sulfosäuren hervorgerufen werden, falls der Vorgang in Anwesonheit einer kleinen Menge von Schwefel-oder einer anderen Mineralsäure stattfindet. 



  Zu diesem   Zwecke mischt   man die Glyzeride mit   etwa'/bis f/Q   des   erwähnten Heagens-   mittels und mit sehr verdünnter Schwefelsäure und   bnagt daa Gemisch   mittels Dampf während einiger Stunden zum   Sieden. Hei der angegebenen Gewichtsmongo des Reagens-   mittels werden die Glyzeride schon nach Verlauf von 4 bis U Stunden fast vollständig in Glyzerin und Fettsäuren gespalten. Nach beendigtem Sieden werden die Fettsäuren vom Glyzerinwasser leicht abgeschieden. Die Fettsäuren haben fast dieselbe   Farbe wie   die   Glyzeride selbst.   

**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld kannt Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  Process for splitting fats and fatty oils into glycerine and fatty acids.



   It is known that when sulfuric acid or sulfuric anhydride acts on naphtha and mineral oils, organic sulfonic acids are formed which can also be obtained in a pure state. (See Patent No. 73991.) It has now been found that these acids are derivatives of the cyclic hydrocarbons, a very high one
 EMI1.1
 correspond. They dissolve easily in water and the diluted water solutions of them form very fine and difficult to separate emulsions with the fats and fatty oils, which, when brought to the boil, split the glycerides of the fats into glycerine and fatty acids.



   Such a fat splitting agent obtained by the action of sulfuric acid on hydrocarbon compounds has probably already been used in the so-called Twitchellreactive, but this belongs to the class of aromatic sulfo fatty acids, and is characterized by the presence of the carboxyl group (CO, H) in addition to the sulfo group (803 H) its molecule and is produced by the action of sulfuric acid on a mixture of higher unsaturated fatty acids with aromatic hydrocarbons. However, the present process also has various essential advantages over the Twitchell process (D R. P. No. 114491).

   The duration of the Spatt process is much shorter with complete cleavage, the color of the fatty acids does not change unfavorably, which also eliminates the need for pre-conduction proless or working in the absence of air, and the process as such is much cheaper.



   The cleavage of the glycerides can be brought about by a very small amount of the sulfonic acids obtained according to patent no. 73991, if the process takes place in the presence of a small amount of sulfuric acid or another mineral acid.



  For this purpose one mixes the glycerides with about 1/2 to f / Q of the aforementioned heavy agent and with very dilute sulfuric acid, and bites the mixture to the boil for a few hours by means of steam. With the stated weight mongo of the reagent, the glycerides are almost completely split into glycerol and fatty acids after just 4 to 1 hours. When the boiling is complete, the fatty acids are easily separated from the glycerine water. The fatty acids are almost the same color as the glycerides themselves.

** WARNING ** End of DESC field may overlap beginning of CLMS **.

 

Claims (1)

Die Anwendung des vorliegenden Reagensmittels fur Spaltzwecke bietet also einen grossen Vorzug gegenüber anderen bekannten Spaltverfahren, insbesondere in bezug auf die grösste Einfachheit, Vermeidung der teuren komplizierten Appretur, kurze Dauer des Prozesses, volle Spaltung der Glyzeride und fast vollständige Unveründerung der Farbe PATEKT ANSPRUCH : EMI1.2 **WARNUNG** Ende CLMS Feld Kannt Anfang DESC uberlappen**. The use of the present reagent for cleavage purposes thus offers a great advantage over other known cleavage processes, in particular with regard to the greatest simplicity, avoidance of the expensive, complicated finishing, short duration of the Process, full cleavage of the glycerides and almost complete unaltered color PATEKT CLAIM: EMI1.2 ** WARNING ** End of CLMS field may overlap beginning of DESC **.
AT75698D 1912-04-05 1912-04-05 Process for splitting fats and fatty oils into glycerine and fatty acids. AT75698B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT75698T 1912-04-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AT75698B true AT75698B (en) 1919-03-10

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ID=3597376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT75698D AT75698B (en) 1912-04-05 1912-04-05 Process for splitting fats and fatty oils into glycerine and fatty acids.

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AT (1) AT75698B (en)

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