AT519624B1 - Arrangement for drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement for draining seepage and / or groundwater, a drainage pipe (5, 6) with seepage openings (11) being provided in a drainage bed (9, 10), the drainage pipe (5, 6) containing the seepage openings ( 11) in the lower cross-sectional area and the upper cross-sectional area is free of seepage openings (11).

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement for the drainage of Sieker and / or groundwater for the drainage of the tunnel sole of a road or rail tunnel, a drainage pipe with drainage openings being provided in a drainage bed.

Drainage arrangements have been known for a long time and are always used where liquids such as Sieker and / or groundwater are to be derived. In particular, the present invention relates to drainage arrangements for draining the water of tunnel structures e.g. for road or rail tunnels.

It is known to provide drainage pipes for drainage in the area of water-bearing layers, the drainage pipes having openings through which the water can seep into the drainage pipe and the water is discharged through the drainage pipe. Such drainage pipes are often equipped with drainage openings all over the entire length, so that the water to be drained can seep into the drainage pipe from all sides. In tunnel construction, drainage pipes are often used which have a smooth bottom closed at the bottom, the seepage openings being provided in the upper part of the drainage pipe, so that the water can seep into the pipe from top to bottom.

In tunnel construction, it is also known to insert the drainage pipes in the lower cross-sectional area up to half or approximately in the lower third in a concrete bed, as a result of which the leachate can flow to and into the drainage pipe only in the upper section of the pipe cross section.

DE 298 15 019 U1 describes pipes for draining or trickling water or wastewater, the pipes being arranged in the ground or within a filter layer located below the ground. In order to prevent the slots from clogging due to penetrating soil or other coarse components, the drainage openings are only provided in the lower region of the drainage pipe. The document gives no suggestion to provide a drainage arrangement for the drainage of the tunnel floor of a road or rail tunnel.

[0006] GB 956,046 and US Pat. No. 4,134,268 also describe drainage pipe arrangements which are laid in the ground or in septic tanks and the problem of clogging of the seepage openings with coarse material is explicitly described in each case.

In contrast to the cited documents, the proportion of materials dissolved in water is the decisive factor for clogging the seepage openings in the field of tunnel construction. In particular, when air enters the water, precipitations occur, which are increased when the water enters the drainage area. None of the publications mentions this problem.

The problem according to the prior art is that the water flowing into the drainage in the area of the drainage pipe and also in the surrounding drainage bed and filter body tend to precipitate and sinter, the precipitates being amplified by air access to the water when entering the drainage , Depending on the composition of the water and the flow rate prevailing in the drain pipe, deposits and sintering occur, which results in a high level of maintenance.

The mountain water pushing from the rock to the tunnel tube is derived from the tunnel lining to the drainage arrangements. The water to be drained has a dissolved mineral content, some of which comes from the rock and some from the tunnel structure. Precipitation and sintering can occur in the filter body and in the drain pipe under the influence of pressure relief, temperature changes and contact with the atmosphere (air).

The problem is solved according to the invention in that the drain pipe has the seepage openings in the lower water-carrying cross-sectional area and the upper cross 1/9

AT 519 624 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office

Cutting area is free of seepage openings.

[0011] Further features of the invention can be found in the patent claims, the description and the figures.

[0012] The drainage pipe is preferably surrounded on all sides by the water-permeable drainage bed. The drainage pipe can also rest on the bottom of a fixed channel sole or a spacer if the drainage bed is arranged in a drainage channel. The drainage bed usually consists of gravel or weakly bound granular materials. The drainage bed holds the drainage pipe in place, is permeable to water and also serves as a filter.

The seepage openings can have any shape, preferably the shape of holes, transverse slots or longitudinal slots.

Characterized in that the seepage openings are arranged only in the lower cross-sectional area of the drain pipe, these seepage openings are largely in the area of the water flow of the drain pipe. Cleaning the seepage openings in the sole area is much more efficient and economical to achieve with standard cleaning tools such as HD nozzles. If the seepage openings are completely below the water level of the drain pipe, the seeping water is prevented from coming into contact with the atmosphere and air. This leads to a reduction in precipitation. The sintering of the seepage openings is largely prevented. Since the outflowing water is transported away by the shortest possible, fastest route, the period of time in which a precipitation or sintering process could occur is considerably reduced. Deposits on the wall of the drainage pipe are avoided.

The cleaning of the drainage pipes can be limited to the lower area, preferably to that which is actually affected by the water flow. The upper part of the pipe cross section remaining above the water level is preferably made smooth and does not come into contact with the water. Cleaning is unnecessary. Since no water enters from above, no sintering can occur due to the water flowing down along the pipe wall, since water is only present in the lower area. Another advantage of the arrangement according to the invention results from the fact that hardness stabilizers are used in drainage systems in tunnel construction. These hardness stabilizers are enriched in the drainage water in a dissolved form. Due to the fact that the water flows in the area of the seepage openings, the hardness stabilizers also act on the openings and on the filter material, if any, surrounding them. The hardness stabilizers therefore act on the openings where the problem occurs, namely. In the prior art, on the other hand, the hardness stabilizers only act from the pipe bottom to the water level, where no openings and usually no filter are provided.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows schematically the sole area of a tunnel with the

Arrangement of three drainage pipes according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 shows a drainage pipe according to the prior art in cross section and arranged in a drainage channel.

3 shows an embodiment of a drainage arrangement according to the invention.

FIGS. 4 and 5 each show the side view of a longitudinal section of the drainage pipe with slot-shaped seepage openings and [0021] FIG. 6 shows a section with holes as seepage openings.

Figure 1 shows schematically the lower part of the cross-sectional profile of a railway tunnel. Inside the stationary concrete tunnel wall 1, the concrete tunnel base 2 is arranged in the lower area. A solidified or non-solidified one lies on the tunnel floor

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Filling 3, which is permeable to water that must be drained from the tunnel floor. On the bed 3 follows the railway superstructure 4, which can consist of several layers and also carries transverse sleepers and then the railroad tracks. These structures are not shown or are only hinted at.

In the present case, it is essential that drainage pipes 5, 6 are provided for the discharge of penetrating or penetrated water such as leachate or groundwater. The drainage pipes 5, 6 are each arranged in a drainage channel 7, 8 and are preferably each in a drainage bed 9, 10, the drainage bed consisting of water-permeable and also serving as a filter granular material, such as e.g. Gravel, gravel or lightly set cement and concrete granules.

So that the drainage effect and the drainage of the leachate and groundwater is ensured, the drainage pipes must be cleaned, which is usually done by means of HD nozzles, which are introduced into the drainage pipes via pressure hoses. Checks can be carried out using retractable recording cameras.

Figure 2 shows a drainage pipe 5 in the associated drainage channel 8 according to the prior art. The lower region of the drain pipe is typically designed without seepage openings in order to allow a smooth surface for draining off the water. The outflowing water is designated by reference number 12. The lower area of the drainage pipe 5 is embedded in concrete in the drainage channel, which e.g. the tunnel sole concrete can be. However, the embedding can also be arranged in a concrete bed 13 arranged in the drainage channel.

Leachate, which penetrates, for example, through one of the overhead leaching openings 11, flows down along the inside of the wall of the drainage pipe 5 until it reaches the water level of the outflowing water 12. As is known, leachate can contain a considerable proportion of dissolved minerals, which, particularly in contact with the oxygen also in the drainage pipe, convert to a hard mass, which can reduce the cross-section of the drainage pipe and, over time, can also block the seepage openings. Sintered areas are often particularly hard and cannot be removed with the conventional cleaning agents such as water jets or only with great effort.

The drainage bed 9 also shown, surrounding the drainage pipe at the top, is of course made of water-permeable material such as e.g. Crushed stone or filter material.

With the arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 3, the problem of undesired deposits and sintering of the drainage pipe and its seepage openings can be avoided or largely mitigated.

According to the invention, the seepage openings 11 of the drainage pipe 5 are in the lower cross-sectional area, which is indicated by the line and arrow 14 in FIG. 3. This is preferably the area through which the flowing water 12 flows. The upper area is free of seepage openings and is therefore designed as a smooth pipe half.

The drainage pipe 5 is entirely embedded in the water-permeable drainage bed 9, the drainage bed surrounding the drainage pipe. For example, the groundwater level is shown with the wavy line 15. The water level of the outflowing water 12 is usually below the water level of the groundwater. The groundwater or a seepage water seeping down through the drainage bed passes through the seepage openings 11 into the interior of the drainage pipe and reaches the outflowing water 12 by the shortest route, whereby all the minerals carried by the seepage water are also swept away without them getting into the Can seep openings or attach to the inner wall of the drain pipe.

In the arrangement according to the invention is further cleaning by means of HD nozzles

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AT 519 624 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office simple, because the seepage openings are in or on the draining water and any impurities are washed away.

If the drainage pipe is not to lie directly on the drainage channel floor 16 during installation, a corresponding spacer can also be provided by spacers 17, which are shown in broken lines in FIG. 3. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that the lower cross-sectional area of the drain pipe rests on the drain channel bottom 16.

Figures 4 to 6 show examples of different configurations and arrangements of the seepage openings, namely as longitudinal slots in Figure 4, as transverse slots in Figure 5 and as simple holes in Figure 6.

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LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

tunnel wall

tunnel floor

fill

track superstructure

drainage pipe

drainage pipe

drainage channel

drainage channel

Drainage bed / filter

Drainage bed / filter

seepage openings

Draining water

concrete bed

Lines and arrow lower area

water level

Drainage channel bottom

spacer

Claims (7)

1. Arrangement for the drainage of Sieker and / or groundwater for the drainage of the tunnel sole (2) of a road or rail tunnel, whereby a drainage pipe (5, 6) with drainage openings (11) in a drainage bed (9, 10) is provided, thereby characterized in that the drainage pipe (5, 6) has the seepage openings (11) in the lower water-carrying cross-sectional area and the upper cross-sectional area is free of seepage openings (11). 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipe (5, 6) is surrounded on all sides by the drainage bed (9, 10). 3. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the drainage pipe (5, 6) and the drainage bed (9, 10) are arranged in a drainage channel (7, 8). 4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the drainage pipe (5, 6) rests directly or via spacers (17) on the drainage channel bottom (16). 5. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the seepage openings (11) are holes in the wall of the drainage pipe (5, 6). 6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the seepage openings (11) in the wall of the drainage pipe (5, 6) are arranged transverse slots. 7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the seepage openings (11) in the wall of the drainage pipe (5, 6) are arranged longitudinal slots.