AT517641B1 - Method and device for the subsequent sealing of concrete structures surrounded by the ground with sealing joints such as tunnels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for sealing structures (11, 12) that are adjacent to one another and that are constructed by means of joint seals (15) and wall elements that are sealed against one another by means of joint seals (15). 11) a working passage (40) is provided in a sealing joint (13, 14) including the wall material from the inside of the building (102), through this working passage (40) and the joint seal (15) a connection to the mountain side (101) of the seal-producing tool (20, 25, 26, 30) is introduced, the provision of this work passage (40) ending before reaching a transverse joint seal (15), the tool passing through the joint seal (15) (41) with a sealing material injection passage (251), wherein via this passage (41) with injection passage (2 51) sealing material is injected into the area (101) on the mountain side outside the joint seal (15), and at least one part (20, 26) of the tool (20, 25, 26, 30) remaining in the passage (41) passes through this passage (41) with an injection passage (251) and thus sealing the work passage (40) at least against the mountain side (101).

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE RETRO SEALING OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS SURROUNDED BY THE GROUND WITH SEALING JOINTS LIKE TUNNELS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to methods for, in particular, subsequent sealing of structures at least partially surrounded by the soil, specifically concrete structures designed with joints and sealing joints, such as tunnels or structures and structures in civil engineering and civil engineering, in particular tunnels, which are similar in terms of their function Tubbings or similar, mutually sealable wall elements, whereby in the area of a determined leakage of the wall in the wall material, in particular in the concrete wall material from the inside of the building, a working passage such as a wall recess, a wall hole or the like is provided Work cycle ends in the border area to a joint seal running transversely to it; a sealing material injection passage creating a connection to the mountain side is established using the work passage, with the help of this injection passage from the air side (building interior), the sealing material is injected on the mountain side behind the joint seal and a sealing closure of the injection passage to the building inside (air side or tunnel interior) is produced.

The invention further relates to a device suitable for such methods for in particular subsequent sealing of structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, especially with joints and joint seals formed concrete structures such as tunnels or in terms of their function similar structures and buildings in civil engineering and civil engineering, especially tunnels with walls constructed from tubbing or similar, mutually sealable wall elements, comprising an injection tool that defines an injection passage and can be inserted into a work passage such as a wall recess, a wall hole or the like, and an injection tool to prevent it from being pushed out of the work passage (such as the wall recess, the wall hole or the like). Like.) when injecting sealing material under pressure securing element.

Structures in the sense of the invention are in particular tunnels in a mining or open construction, but also include, for example, underground garages, basements of large buildings, polder structures, troughs, retaining walls and shafts, that is, structures in which there is a sealed education in every respect of joints towards liquids and / or gases entering from the outside from the surrounding earth.

PRIOR ART In a method known from DE 44 38 352 A1 of the type described at the outset and a device to be used therefor for subsequently sealing leaky tub linings, which after their installation in a tunnel or shaft in the region of a joint between two tubbing or in the area of cracks in the prefabricated parts in the edge area of the joints (become), a tubbing encompassing the leak or adjacent to it is pierced laterally obliquely to the tubbing axis and thus to the sealing joint into the outer area of the joint space. The bore runs past the joint tape and opens in the area outside the joint tape near the outer annular space, which is free of the joint tape, and in this case close to the outside of the segment exactly in the leaky area. It forms a work cycle in which an injection packer is installed. This packer is then used to inject flowable filling material (customary permanently elastic sealing material) into the outer annular space surrounding the tubbings and into the joint under low pressure. The angle of the inclined position of the drill must be determined precisely for the respective situation in order to be able to arrange a corresponding guiding and holding device for the drill in a functionally appropriate manner.

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian Patent Office [0005] This allows sealing material to be introduced from the inside of the leaky structure to leakages for the purpose of eliminating them. However, drilling through the entire segment wall with exact observance of the working angle is quite labor-intensive, can easily lead to high tool wear, especially as a result of mostly unknown and generally unpredictable non-uniformities in hardness, especially with reinforced concrete wall material, and does not require insignificant personnel and equipment / machine costs.

Therefore, today in practice for sealing eliminating in particular subsequent leaks on concrete structures of the categories outlined above, which have a seal made of joint tapes extending along the joint, for example made of synthetic rubber (elastomer), regularly use various other known options ,

The joints between parts or elements of the structures can run horizontally and / or vertically. In addition to the tunnels with walls constructed from tubbings or similar, mutually sealable wall elements, as described in the regulation for railway tunnels (see [1] guideline 853 - planning, building and maintaining railway tunnels, DB Netz AG, 7th update, in particular Module 853.4005 "segmental lining"), in tunnels and other structures as joints, block joints in the form of press joints and / or room joints with internal joint tape can also be considered, as shown in the regulations for tunnel or engineering structures (see e.g. [1 ] Guideline 853, design, build and maintain railway tunnels, DB Netz AG, 7th update, module 853.4101 Sealing and drainage “; [2] Additional technical terms and conditions and guidelines for civil engineering, (ZTV-ING), Federal Highway Research Institute, booth 12 / 2012, part 5 "tunnel construction"; [3] directional drawings (RIZ-ING), Federal Highway Research Institute, in particular "trough / tunnel construction tions “, directional drawings T Fug 1, T Fug 2 and T Fug 10). Internal joint tapes are always concreted in and therefore bind watertight into the concrete.

If there are unscheduled leaks in tunnel structures, these usually come to light at the block or building joints. This applies equally to the inner shells sealed with internal expansion joint tapes of conventionally manufactured tunnels in open or mining construction, as well as to the segmented tunnel tunnels made with prefabricated concrete parts with elastomeric joint tapes running around the segments.

The subsequent sealing of a tunnel structure can be carried out either by a full-surface or a targeted, local deposit in the joint area near the leak. In both cases, holes have to be drilled through the concrete shell in order to inject chemical or mineral sealing materials behind the structure.

The full-surface deposit is very untargeted and therefore costly and time-consuming. In addition, it cannot be practiced in dense mountains / subsoil in most cases. This applies in particular to tunnels made from tubbings, because due to the process they are largely embedded in a mortar layer (annular gap mortar) up to 20 cm thick. Only here is it possible to re-seal in the joint area.

However, drilling through the sealing profiles has not yet been permitted in the relevant regulations. Leakages must therefore be eliminated more or less in a targeted manner by large-scale injection. The material to be injected is introduced through boreholes through the segmental concrete or via a injection hose system integrated into the segmental segments. There are cases in which tunnels are leaky, but there are still no water or injection pathways behind the inner shell that would allow full-surface storage. So it is increasingly necessary to look for and develop possibilities for sealing in the joint area under "injury" / breaking through the joint material.

In this endeavor has been practiced recently in tunnels while accepting the

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office

Damage to the seal of the tubbing is a process of the type described in the introduction, in which the joint seal, consisting of two sealing profiles pressed against one another, is drilled near the leak. An injection tube is pushed into the opening thus created, with which the rest of the seal (which has not been pierced) has to be pierced. Resin or other chemical sealant is introduced through this injection tube. The sealant spreads in the joint of the tubbings on the outside of the existing seal and closes the leak. Finally, the hole is closed by means of a screw (with wood screw thread), which with its thread is held in the surrounding synthetic rubber seal. The screw ensures that the pressed sealant cannot flow back.

Through the direct drilling of the seal and the subsequent pushing through of the injection tube, both the time-consuming drilling of the tubbings and the installation of a compression hose system are superfluous. The grout can be introduced close to the leak, which significantly increases the success rate and reduces the consumption of expensive grout to a fraction.

A disadvantage of this method is above all that a large number of individual work steps are necessary: these are to be carried out individually and cause interruptions in the work rhythm, which can make the time required considerable. The greater the wall thickness of the tubbing, the longer the injection tube becomes. This becomes relatively slim for larger wall thicknesses and then no longer offers the necessary stiffness to withstand the forces normally applied with a hammer when piercing the remaining wall. The already time-consuming search for the borehole before inserting the injection tube and inserting the screw plug is also becoming increasingly complicated. Even the use of an endoscope practiced today to make searching easier can no longer help with thicker walls.

In order to be able to permanently close the borehole in the tubbing seal for the final state with a lost component (wood screw), the injection tube must be pulled. The prerequisite for this, however, is that the sealing material used for the re-sealing / deposit has largely reacted or hardened in order to avoid that it is pressed back into the tunnel by the water pressure or even the injection pressure itself through the borehole. Soil and water chemistry, however, may require sealing material that takes longer to harden. Low building and ground temperatures can also delay the response time of some sealing materials. Pulling the injection tube is then not possible and, on top of that, delays the post-sealing work.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is therefore to propose procedural and device-related measures to eliminate the disadvantages set out in the prior art, with the aid of which the number of necessary work steps in sealing leaks, especially in the joint area, at least partially reduces underground structures and can be simplified for the workforce.

SOLUTION AND BENEFITS To achieve this object, according to one aspect of the invention is a method for, in particular, subsequent sealing of structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, especially concrete structures such as tunnels or structures and buildings in civil engineering and civil engineering, in particular similar in function Tunnels with walls constructed from tubbing or similar walls that abut one another via joints and sealable against one another by means of joint seals are provided, in which - in the area of a determined leakage of the wall in at least one sealing joint including the wall material, which area is to be assigned to this area

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office special the concrete wall material, from the structure - inside a work passage is provided, [0019] - through this work passage and the joint seal a connection to the mountain side of the seal tool is introduced , characterized, [0020] - that the provision of this work cycle is ended before reaching a joint seal running transversely thereto, [0021] - that the tool defines a passage penetrating the joint seal with a sealing material - injection passage, [0022] - that via this passage sealing material is injected with the injection passage into the area on the mountain side outside the joint seal, [0023] - that the tool is at most partially removed from the work passage, [0024] - and that at least one part of the tool remaining in the passage has this passage with the injection passage and thus d The work passage is sealed off at least against the mountain side.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for the subsequent retrofitting of, in particular, subsequent sealing of structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, in particular concrete structures such as tunnels or in terms of their function, similar structures and buildings in civil engineering and civil engineering, in particular tunnels with walls made up of tubbing or similar, abutting against each other via joints and sealable against one another by means of joint seals, provided in which - in the area of a determined leak in the wall in the sealing joint to be assigned to this area, including the wall material, in particular the concrete wall material, a work passage is provided from the inside of the building;

- The provision of this work in the border area to a transverse joint seal is ended;

- A sealing material - injection tool is passed through the work passage and the joint seal to form a passage, in particular in the form of a channel penetrating the latter;

- By means of this passage and the sealing material - injection tool from the air side on the mountain side behind the joint seal sealing material is injected;

- superfluous tools are removed from the work process and [0031] - a sealing closure between the mountain side and the inside of the structure is produced;

it being proposed according to the invention in particular that - after completion of the provision of the work passage and before reaching the joint seal, an injection tool determining the injection passage is inserted into the work passage;

- By means of this tool, the passage through the joint seal is formed as an injection channel until an injection position is reached;

and [0034] after the injection of the sealing material has ended, essential parts of the injection tool are separated from the rest and removed from the work process.

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian Patent Office [0035] According to a still further aspect of the invention, a combined penetration and sealing tool determining an injection passage can be inserted into the work passage or the wall bore after completion or interruption of the work passage preparation or wall bore production, with this combined penetration and sealing tool, the penetration channel is continued through the joint seal until the injection position is reached and after the injection of the sealing material has ended, the injection tube is detached from the combined penetration and sealing tool and removed from the work passage or wall hole.

In relation to the object embodiment, according to another essential aspect of the invention, a device for sealing, in particular subsequently, structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, in particular concrete structures such as tunnels or structures and buildings in civil engineering and civil engineering that are similar in terms of their function, in particular of tunnels with walls constructed from segments or similar wall elements which abut one another via joints and can be sealed off by means of joint seals, the device being designed as a tool, which essentially is an injection pipe part which defines an injection channel and which leads into a work passage , a wall recess, a wall hole or the like is insertable;

B.) A passage - tool part with [0039] - means for continuing the injection channel through the joint seal at least until reaching the mountain side; and [0040] means for sealing against upside (over) pressure;

characterized in that the passage tool part (20) of the tool (20, 30) comprises means for the material-lifting and / or material-deforming production of a passage through the joint seal; and that the tool (20, 30) comprises means for the non-positive and / or positive fixing of the device relative to the joint seal. According to a further objective solution aspect of the invention is a device for, in particular, subsequent sealing of structures at least partially surrounded by the soil, specifically concrete structures designed with joints and joint seals, such as tunnels, or structures and structures in civil engineering and construction, similar in function, in particular tunnels with segments or similar, mutually sealable wall elements, provided, the [0041] - an injection channel defining an injection channel, which can be inserted into a work passage, a wall recess, a wall hole or the like - against movement relative to the work passage when injecting Sealing material under pressure-securing fixation means, means for continuing the injection channel to an outlet opening on the mountain side, and means for sealing against (over) pressure on the mountain side, and the continuation means of the injection channel are configured as a combined penetration, fixation, injection and sealing tool part, wherein they [0046] - means for releasable attachment to the end of the injection tube;

- Means for material-lifting and / or material-deforming generation of a passage through the joint seal; and

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian Patent Office [0048] - comprise means which are designed for non-positive and / or positive fixing in the joint seal;

and wherein they are designed to reach through the joint seal at least until they reach the mountain side.

The advantages that can be achieved with the invention lie in the achievement of the objectives set in the task and, above all, in the fact that work processes during the subsequent sealing of at least partially underground structures can be made more compact; Because by using a combined penetration and sealing tool, several of the known individual steps such as drilling the tubbing seal, “threading” the injection tube and additionally securing the latter against slipping out can be carried out in one go. Also by creating the work process, regardless of whether through drilling or by other channel-like widening of the wall material or by using voids in the joint area already created during the production of segmental elements, by tracking the course of the joint, the personnel, material and energy expenditure for the generation of the Work cycle significantly reduced. The loads on the required tools can also be reduced, so that in the long run, lower tool costs are incurred.

The chronological sequence of the work steps corresponds to the logical progress of the same in order to achieve the goal set according to the task, namely the production of the work passage or wall drilling, penetration and sealing of the sealing area, insertion of the injection tube, injection of the sealing material and final measures, without one more additional closure of the passage point on the inside of the joint seal must be ensured. As already indicated, the work process can already be prepared by appropriate shaping of the segment elements with recesses, cavities or other cavity-forming measures in the joint area during the manufacture of the elements so that later, if leaks to be eliminated are found, suitable precautions are already taken for the creation of a work cycle sufficient or suitable for the purposes of the invention, especially in terms of volume and shape. Likewise, little or no material needs to be removed, drilled out or otherwise removed.

The immediate and permanent prevention of backflows from the mountain side allows sealing materials to be used even with a long curing time and thus to ensure a quicker, in other words less expensive, work progress. Even large tubbing wall thicknesses can be easily re-sealed because, on the one hand, material removal in the passage area is significantly simplified for elements with prefabricated recesses, namely reduced in quantity, and on the other hand, the importance of the stiffness of the injection pipe to the penetration process becomes absolutely secondary; because the “threading” of a long injection tube with the aim of finding the point of penetration in a great depth of the wall is eliminated. The same applies to the placement of wood screws or packers for the final joint seal.

In addition, devices with the specified features of the invention represent compact, inexpensive to keep in stock components that, as stated, enable a plurality of work functions in the logical working rhythm and progress. They are inexpensive to manufacture. This makes them particularly suitable to act as a “lost” component in the sense of the task of the process. They can be made in sufficiently solid casting and spraying materials, the design being able to be adapted to these conditions without difficulty in accordance with the differences in the function of the re-sealing or the environmental conditions to be taken into account in each case. Due to their shape and design options, such components form universal tools for post-sealing injection behind joint seals.

In addition, the invention sees a method from a further, modified aspect

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office for waterproofing, in particular for subsequent waterproofing of structures that are at least partially surrounded by the ground, especially concrete structures with sealing joints, such as tunnels, or similarly function and similar structures and buildings in civil engineering and civil engineering, especially tunnels walls made of tubbings or similar, mutually sealable wall elements, in which - in the area of a determined leak in the wall in the sealing joint to be assigned to this area, including the wall material, in particular the concrete wall material, a wall hole from the inside of the building manufactures;

- The creation of this wall hole in the border area to a transverse sealing joint, in particular before reaching it, interrupts;

- A sealing material - injection tube through the wall hole and the joint seal leads to form a penetration channel;

- With the help of this injection tube from the air side on the mountain side behind the joint seal injected sealing material;

- superfluous work aids removed from the wall hole and channel and [0059] - closes the channel;

wherein, in solving the problem set - after interrupting the creation of the wall bore, a combined penetration and sealing tool part determining an injection passage is introduced into the wall bore;

- with this combined penetration and sealing tool part, the penetration channel continues through the joint seal until the injection position is reached; and [0062] after the injection of the sealing material has ended, the injection tube is released from the combined penetration and sealing tool part and removed from the wall bore.

In addition, the device according to the object of the task in this context is a device for sealing, in particular for the subsequent sealing of at least partially surrounded by the earth structures, especially concrete structures with sealing joints, such as tunnels or in terms of function similar structures and buildings in civil engineering , in particular tunnels with walls constructed from tubbings or similar wall elements which can be sealed off from one another, which includes a fixing element which can be inserted into a wall bore and which protects an injection tube against being pressed out of the wall bore when injecting sealing material under pressure, which as a combined penetration, fixing Injection and sealing tool part with means for detachable attachment to the end of the injection tube;

Means for non-cutting and / or cutting production of a passage or passage through the joint seal;

- Means for continuing the injection channel through the joint seal at least until reaching the mountain side;

- Means for non-positive and / or positive fixing in the joint seal;

As well as - means for sealing against mountain-side (over) pressure is equipped.

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office

DEVELOPMENTS OF THE INVENTION In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure simple, fast and logical working from the point of view of the process, the work cycle and passage on the one hand and the injection channel and injection passage on the other hand can be aligned at least substantially in alignment with one another.

With a similar aim of simplifying work and saving on working time, the provision of the work passage and the penetration of the joint seal can preferably take place at least essentially in alignment according to a natural joint between two tunnel components and the injection passage in this orientation practically seamlessly into the free natural Open the joint on the mountain side.

In order to keep the outlay on equipment and thus the costs as low as possible, a combined penetration, injection and sealing tool can be used as a tool according to another expedient further development concept of the invention, and a combined penetration, injection, fixation and sealing tool and, more widely, a combined penetration, injection, fixation, connection and sealing tool. It can also be advantageous to use as a tool a combined tool with a sealing material injection tube in connection with a combined penetration, injection and sealing tool part that determines and / or generates an injection passage and a sealing material outlet.

In general, especially with regard to the forces to be controlled, the normally given position of the joint seal and the design of the workflow, it is advantageous if the wall bore in a further development of the inventive concept is perpendicular to the wall, that is to say in the case of essentially circular or cylindrical tunnels equipped with other currents run radially.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the combined penetration and sealing tool can indicate that the injection position has been reached by means of a stop at the bottom of the wall hole. In this way, errors that occur due to human error when creating the necessary wall hole depth are largely excluded. In this way, too, the use of measuring devices which cause unnecessary costs becomes superfluous.

Depending on the given structural conditions, the process parameters (pressure, dimensions) and the sealing and tool material used, the combined penetration and sealing tool can be positively and / or non-positively fixed after reaching the injection position according to another development of the invention.

A particularly expedient development of the method according to the invention with the aim of a greatly simplified workflow can consist in that the combined penetration and sealing tool is placed on the front end of the injection tube, preferably in an easily detachable manner, before being introduced into the wall bore. In this way, both the preparation of the sealing point before the injection of the sealing material and after the end of the injection can be carried out smoothly and quickly.

For the purpose of additional automation of the workflow, the combined penetration and sealing tool can close the penetration channel in a self-sealing manner from the mountain side. This means that slowly hardening sealing materials can be used and work without problems even with large wall thicknesses.

In terms of the device, it can be regarded as a particularly favorable design if the tool part is a lost tool part. As a result, the introduction of this tool part at the beginning of the formation of the penetration channel ensures that it is finally closed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tool part can comprise at least one penetration section and one fixing section. Thus, the functions to be performed according to the invention are clearly differentiated from one another. The Durchdringungsab

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office cut can be designed as a drill element, whereas the fixing section can be designed to increase the surface roughness. Such agents which increase the surface roughness can, according to the invention and be regarded as expedient, be knobs, knurls, corrugations, circumferential, optionally also helical-shaped beads or the like.

[0079] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the tool part can further comprise a connecting or connecting section. It can expediently be provided with an external thread and be provided on the free end of the tool part opposite the penetration section. The result is a work part that can be put on quickly and safely and that can be released just as quickly after completion of the sealing process, which is easy to handle, maintain and store, and is inexpensive to manufacture.

However, the connecting section can equally well be provided with a clamping, plug-in or quick-release mechanism, which under certain circumstances can lead to a further reduction in the production costs and can mean an acceleration when attaching and detaching compared to the injection tube.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the tool part can have an at least partially circumferential projecting edge in the region of its free connecting end, in particular between the connecting section and the fixing section. The idea of using the combined penetration and sealing tool to indicate that the injection position has been reached by means of a stop at the bottom of the wall bore can be realized in a simple manner.

Finally, following the idea of using inexpensive, introduced components in the implementation of the invention, the means for sealing against mountain-side (over) pressure can be designed as a check valve.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Further possible ways of realizing the invention and details thereof will become apparent from the following description of the purely exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 a cross section through a tunnel to be sealed using the device according to the invention by the method according to the invention with a tunnel wall constructed from tubbings; FIG. 2 FIG. 3 a longitudinal section of part of the tunnel shown in Figure 1; detail III of FIG. 1 as a scaled-up enlarged cross section of the joint in FIG. 1, which can only be seen as a line, between two tubbing with tubbing seal and a combined tool according to the invention, shown schematically in section; FIG. 4 a schematic representation of a tool part according to the invention with sections for penetration, fixation, sealing, for stop and connection to another part of the tool of Figure 3; FIG. 5 a concrete embodiment of the tool part according to the invention of Figure 4; FIG. 6 a cross section through a tunnel to be sealed using the device according to the invention by the method according to the invention with an annular joint in a design modified from FIG. 1 with hardboard in the annular joint, viewed in the direction of advance with a view of the hardboard; FIG. 7 a view of the ring joint of Figure 6, but when viewed against the direction of advance;

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office

Figure 8 a detail VIII of FIG. 6 showing a section of the tunnel wall in the area of a natural joint; FIG. 9 FIG. 10 FIG. 11 a section IX-IX of Figure 8; a section X-X of Figure 8 in the area of a hardboard; a detail XI of FIG. 7 showing a section of the tunnel wall in the area of a work passage to be used according to the invention; FIG. 12 a section Xll-Xll of Figure 11 outside the hardboard of Figure 8; and FIG. 13 a section Xlll-Xlll of Figure 11 with an operation to be used according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS.

A cylindrical tunnel 10 shown in the present specific embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 has a wall 11, 12, which is at least partially surrounded by the ground (not shown), namely “on the mountain side” (indicated by “101”). This is made up of a large number of tubbings, here only partially referred to as 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, or 12.1, 12.2, 12.3. Since this is a building familiar to the average civil engineer with regard to the essential structure, no further details need to be described here.

Between the segments 11.1, 11.2 ... there are longitudinal joints 14 and annular joints 13. The latter represent the delimitation between tunnel rings 11, 12 (FIG. 2) and run essentially perpendicular to the tunnel axis. They transmit the driving forces in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and the coupling forces between adjacent rings. The longitudinal joints 14 represent boundary and contact surfaces between the segments (11.1, 11.2, 11.3, or 12.1, 12.2, 12.3) and run essentially parallel to the tunnel axis.

The joints 13, 14 are sealed by means of prefabricated joint seals 15 in the form of circumferential bands made of synthetic rubber (elastomers). If there are leaks 16 indicated in FIG. 2, mostly in the joint area, in / on the tunnel structure, these are generally only to be perceived from the inside 102 of the tunnel 10, that is to say on the air side, and - if necessary for the purpose of removal - to be processed.

To eliminate such leaks / moisturizing, it is common to drill through the tunnel wall 11, 12 at a drilling starting point 17 in the area of a joint, from the air side 102 via an injection system (including injection pump, hoses, connections, controls; not closer here shown) Introduce sealing material under pressure and use it to seal the corresponding area from the mountain side 101. Such a drilling starting point 17 can be seen on an enlarged scale in the representation of area III of FIG. 2 in FIG. 3.

In order to allow the injection of sealing material through the wall 11, 12 from the air side 102 to the mountain side 101, first, as can be seen from FIG. 3, by means of a conventional concrete drill (need not be shown), a work cycle 40, here in the form of a wall hole. In order not to impair the seal, it is allowed to end shortly before the joint seal 15 is reached, so that a concrete web 40.2 remains. Within the two webs of the two segments 11.2, 11.3 lying opposite one another, there is a natural joint 14.0 in the extension of the wall bore 40 (work passage). The wall bore 40 has, for example, a diameter of 15 to 30 mm or more, which depends entirely on the overall dimensions of the building. However, as can be seen from the following, the method of operation according to the invention permits extensive standardization of the borehole, so that one will normally manage with diameters for the wall borehole of less than 20 mm. The natural joint 14.0 usually has a gap width of approximately 5 to 10 mm.

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AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office To pass through the seal 15, shown here in the form of the two partial sealing tapes 15.2 and 15.3 (corresponding to the tubbings 11.2 and 11.3, respectively), corresponding to the segments 11.2 and 11.3, respectively , that is, to produce a channel that penetrates through it, a combined penetration and sealing tool 20 (shown in detail in FIGS. 4 and 5) is placed on the front end of an injection tube 301.

Such a placement can be done in different ways. In the detailed design of the parts to be connected, care must be taken to ensure that the connection can be released quickly, but at the same time is firm enough to withstand the forces that arise during machining.

This tool is driven by means of the injection tube 30 by suitable movement (feed and rotation) through the seals 15.2 and 15.3 in the area of their contact against each other until the front free end of the tool 20, viewed from the inside 102, beyond Effective range of the joint seal 15 and thus in the mountain-side part 101 of the natural joint 14.0, so that an injection channel or passage 251 in the tool 20 explained in more detail below is exposed to the mountain side 101 with its outlet 252.

As can be seen in detail from Figure 4, the tool 20, shown here purely schematically, is divided into essentially four sections or areas. More concrete configurations of the sections of the tool with regard to their functions are then shown in FIG. 5 in their respective correspondence.

To generate the passage or penetration channel 41 within the joint seal 15, a front penetration section 21 is provided which, as indicated in FIG. 5, as a drill 21.1 for chip removal, i.e. material-producing production of the penetration channel 41 is formed. This section of the tool 20 can of course also, depending on the nature of the joint sealing material, be designed as an awl or some other displacement tool and, if necessary, work displacing material and without cutting or cutting it out.

This penetration section 21 is followed by a fixing section 22, with the aid of which the tool can be sufficiently fixed within the joint seal 15 in order to provide sufficient resistance to the later higher pressures when injecting the sealing material and to be able to prevent the tool from coming out Seal is pushed out and back into the wall bore 40. This fixation can be positive or non-positive or by a combination of both. As a rule, frictional engagement, e.g. B. by clamping, be priority because the joint material is such an elastic consistency. In order to increase the force-fitting effect, knobs, knurls, corrugations or similar means with which the surface roughness is usually improved can be provided in this section. To achieve (additional) positive locking, as can be seen in 22.1, helically arranged thread turns can be provided.

There follows a stop section 23. This is used when reaching the bottom, ie. H. of the lowest point of the wall bore 40 in front of the seal 15 to prevent the tool 20 from being pushed in too far through the seal 15 into the mountain-side space 101. It is an at least partially circumferential edge 23.1 (FIG. 5) that touches the ground. However, it goes without saying that any shape of a projection forming a stop, such as a pin, knobs or the like, can be used as well.

Finally, there is a connection section 24 at the “air-side” end 102 of the tool 20. This is formed with suitable means for a quickly detachable, but nevertheless sufficiently firm and resistant connection to an injection tube. In Figure 5, for example, an external thread 24.1 is shown, which engages in a corresponding internal thread at the end of the injection tube 301. However, a suitable clamp, plug-in or quick-release mechanism can be used on one of the components to be brought together or on both

AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office chanik, which fulfills the intended function in a reasonable / optimal manner.

In order to ensure that after the drilling of the bore before, during or after injecting the sealing material, there can be no backflow due to the high pressure from the mountain side 101, means 26 in the connection section 24, here in the form of a (spherical ) Check valve 26.1, arranged for sealing against mountain-side (over) pressure. Such closure means can of course also be located in another area of the tool 20. The arrangement shown here purely by way of example is done for reasons of quick access in the event of malfunctions.

It should be pointed out in principle that the material of the wall elements is usually reinforced concrete. But also tubbings made of steel or cast iron are in use, which may make it necessary to adapt the tool features described above as well as claimed, without thereby departing from the basic idea of the invention.

This also applies to details in the training of the tubbings. For example, a certain design of the segment joints (e.g. regular widening of the segments and thus creating elongated holes advantageously formed in the longitudinal extension of the later work passages 40 when two segment elements are joined) can significantly facilitate the creation of work processes, which will be explained in more detail below :

Figure 6 shows a view in the direction of advance of the end face of a flat annular joint 13. To compensate for unevenness, 2 to 3 mm thick joint inserts 13.1 made of hard fiber material, plywood or the like are arranged at regular intervals, which produce the contact between the rings in the longitudinal direction , A partial sealing band 15.11 of the ring joint 13 is located all around the ring joint between the joint inlays and the ring outer edge or the mountain side 101.

Because of the lower forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, no continuous contact between the rings is required over the length of the annular joint. Between the circumferentially arranged joint inlays 13.1 there are therefore areas in which there is a natural joint between the rings (corresponding to the thickness of the joint inlays).

Figure 7 shows an opposite end face, which forms an annular joint 13 together with the end face shown in Figure 6. Here the segment thickness in the form of a constriction 13.2 is usually reduced to approximately half.

Figure 8 shows a view of tubbing 11.3 two joint inlays 13.1 with a natural joint 13.0 in between. FIG. 9 shows the associated cross section IX - IX through the ring joint in the area of the natural joint 13.0 between two joint inlays 13.1, FIG. 10 shows the adjacent cross section X - X in the area of the right joint inlay 13.1. For the sake of good order, it should be pointed out that in the event that the constriction 13.2 would be provided continuously on the circumference, a work cycle in the form of a wall hole could be created in this area. For this, wall material was only partially removed, i.e. to be removed. This area is also not statically relevant because forces are transmitted in the area of the hardboard. On the other hand, one should not drill in the area of FIG. 10.

FIG. 11, on the other hand, illustrates the opposite end face of a tubbing 12.3 in a view that is opposite to FIG. 8. FIG. 12 shows the associated cross section XII - XII through the ring joint in the area of a natural joint 13.0 between the joint inserts 13.1 of FIG. 9. The cross section XIII XIII shown in FIG. 13 likewise runs in the natural joint between two joint inserts 13.1, but here If the concrete contact surface 13.2 formed by the constriction is omitted, a work passage 40 in the form of a wall recess is already provided in the course of the production of the components, which makes wall drilling in this area superfluous and only that

12/23

AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office

Imports the injection tube 30 with the tool 20 attached and the subsequent penetration of the joint seal 15 with the latter and then the filling with sealant required.

Claims (28)

1.Procedure for sealing, in particular for subsequent sealing, of structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, especially concrete structures such as tunnels (10) or structures and buildings in civil engineering and construction that are similar in terms of their function, in particular tunnels with segments (11.1-11.4 ; 12.1-12.3) or similar walls (11, 12) which are adjacent to one another via joints (13, 14) and are constructed from wall elements by means of joint seals (15), wherein - In the area (17) of a determined leak (16) of the wall (11) in at least one sealing joint (13, 14) that is to be assigned to this area, including the wall material, in particular the concrete wall material, from the inside of the building (102), a work cycle (40) is provided a tool (20, 25, 26, 30) producing a connection to the mountain side (101) of the seal is introduced through this working passage (40) and the joint seal (15), - That the provision of this work cycle (40) ends before reaching a joint seal (15) running transversely thereto, - That the tool (20, 25, 26, 30) defines a passage (41) penetrating the joint seal (15) with a sealing material injection passage (251), that sealing material is injected via this passage (41) with an injection passage (251) into the region (101) located on the mountain side outside the joint seal (15), - that the tool (20, 25, 26, 30) is at most partially (25, 30) removed from the work cycle (40), - And that at least one in the passage (41) remaining part (20, 26) of the tool (20, 25, 26, 30) this passage (41) with injection passage (251) and thus the working passage (40) at least against the mountain side (101) sealed. 2.Procedure for sealing, in particular for subsequent sealing, of structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, especially concrete structures such as tunnels (10) or structures and buildings in civil engineering and civil engineering that are similar in terms of their function, in particular tunnels with segments (11.1-11.4 ; 12.1-12.3) or similar walls (11, 12) which are adjacent to one another via joints (13, 14) and are constructed from wall elements by means of joint seals (15), wherein - In the area (17) of a determined leak (16) of the wall (11, 12) in the sealing joint (13, 14) to be assigned to this area, including the wall material, in particular the concrete wall material, from the inside of the building (102) Work pass (40) is provided; - The provision of this work passage (40) ends in the border area to a joint seal (15) running transversely thereto; - A sealing material injection tool (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 251, 26, 30) through the working passage (40) and the joint seal (15) to form a passage (41), in particular in the form of a penetrating latter Channel is passed through; - By means of this passage (41) and the sealing material injection tool (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 25, 25, 26, 30) sealing material is injected from the air side (102) on the mountain side (101) behind the joint seal (15); - Unnecessary tools (25, 30) are removed from the work passage (40) and - A sealing closure (26) between the mountain side (101) and the inside of the building (102) is produced; characterized in that - After completion of the provision of the work passage (40) and before reaching the joint seal (15), an injection tool (20) determining the injection passage (251) is inserted into the work passage; - Using this tool, the passage (41) through the joint seal (15) is formed as an injection channel (251) until an injection position (P) is reached; and 14/23 AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office - After completion of the injection of the sealing material, essential parts (25, 30) of the injection tool are separated from the rest (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26) and removed from the work cycle (40). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective work passage (40) and passage (41) on the one hand and injection channel (25) and injection passage (251) on the other hand are at least substantially aligned with one another. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the provision of the work passage (40) and the penetration of the joint seal (15) takes place at least substantially in alignment according to a natural joint (14.0) between two tunnel components and the In this orientation, the injection passage (251) opens practically seamlessly into the free natural joint (14.0) on the mountain side (101). 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a combined penetration, injection and sealing tool (20, 30; 21, 25, 251, 26) is used as the tool. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a combined penetration, injection, fixing and sealing tool (20, 30; 21, 22, 25, 251, 26) is used as the tool. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a combined penetration, injection, fixation, connection and sealing tool (20, 30; 21, 22, 24, 25, 251, 26) is used as the tool becomes. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that as a tool a combined penetration, injection, fixation, connection, stop and sealing tool (20, 30; 21,22, 23, 24, 25, 251.26) is used. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that as a tool a combined tool (20, 25, 30) with a sealing material injection tube (30) in conjunction with an injection passage (251) and a sealing material - Exit (252) determining and / or generating combined penetration, injection and sealing tool part (20) is used. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that as a tool (20, 25, 30), a sealing material injection tube (30) with an insertable thereon and easily removable therefrom, an injection passage (251) and a sealing material - The outlet (252) determining and / or generating combined penetration, injection and sealing tool part (20) is used. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the working passage (40) is substantially perpendicular to the wall (11, 12). 12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tool (20, 25, 30) indicates the reaching of the injection position (P) by means of a stop (23) on the bottom of the work passage (40). 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the penetration, injection and sealing tool part (20) is positively and / or non-positively fixed against the wall (11, 12) when reaching the injection position (P). 14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the penetration, injection and sealing tool part (20) is placed on the front end (301) of the injection tube (30) before insertion into the working passage (40). 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the penetration, injection and sealing tool part (20) is easily detachably placed on the front end (301) of the injection tube (30) before being introduced into the working passage (40). 15/23 AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office 16. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the penetration, injection and sealing tool part (20) closes the passage (41) self-sealing from the mountain side. 17.Sealing device, in particular for subsequent sealing, of structures at least partially surrounded by the ground, especially concrete structures such as tunnels (10) or structures and buildings in civil engineering and construction that are similar in terms of their function, in particular tunnels with segments (11.1-11.4 ; 12.1-12.3) or similar walls (11, 12) which are adjacent to one another via joints (13, 14) and are constructed from wall elements which can be sealed off by means of joint seals (15), the device being designed as a tool (20, 30) which essentially a. ) an injection pipe part (30) defining an injection channel (25) which can be inserted into a work passage (40), a wall recess, a wall hole or the like; b. ) a passage tool part (20) with - Means (251) for continuing the injection channel (25) through the joint seal (15) at least until reaching the mountain side (101); and - Means (26) for sealing against mountain-side (over) pressure; includes, characterized, - That the passage tool part (20) of the tool (20, 30) comprises means (21) for the material-lifting and / or material-deforming creation of a passage (41) through the joint seal (15); - And that the tool (20,30) comprises means (22) for the non-positive and / or positive fixing of the device relative to the joint seal (15). 18. Device for sealing, in particular for subsequent sealing, of structures at least partially surrounded by the earth, especially with joints (12, 13) and joint seals (15) formed concrete structures such as tunnels (10) or structures and buildings with similar functions in the deep and civil engineering, in particular tunnels with walls constructed from tubbings (11.1-11.4; 12.1-12.3) or similar wall elements which can be sealed off from one another, the device an injection tube (30) which defines an injection channel (25) and can be inserted into a work passage (40), a wall recess, a wall hole or the like, - This against movement relative to the working passage (40) when injecting sealing material under pressure securing means (22), means (251) for continuing the injection channel (25) to an outlet opening (252) to the mountain side (101) and - Means (26) for sealing against mountain-side (over) pressure, characterized in that the continuation means (251) of the injection channel (25) are configured as a combined penetration, fixation, injection and sealing tool part (20) that they - Means (24) for detachable attachment to the end of the injection tube (301); - Means (21) for material-lifting and / or material-deforming production of a passage (41) through the joint seal (15); and - Means (22), which are designed for non-positive and / or positive fixing in the joint seal (15); and that they are designed to reach through the joint seal (15) at least until they reach the mountain side (101). 19. The apparatus of claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the tool part (20) is an at least partially lost tool part. 20. Device according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the tool part (20) comprises a penetration and a fixing section (21 or 22). 16/23 AT 517 641 B1 2020-01-15 Austrian patent office 21. Device according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the tool part (20) comprises a connecting or connecting section (24). 22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the connecting or connecting section (24) is provided with an external thread (24.1). 23. The device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the connecting or connecting section (24) is provided on the free end of the tool part (20) opposite the penetrating section (21). 24. The device according to claim 21 or 23, characterized in that the connecting or connecting section (24) is provided with a clamping, plug-in or quick-release mechanism. 25. Device according to one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that the tool part (20) in the region of its free connecting end (24), in particular between the connecting or connecting section (24) and fixing section (22), an at least partially circumferential projecting edge (23). 26. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the penetration section (21) is designed as a drill element (21.1). 27. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the fixing section (22) is provided with a configuration (22.1) which increases its surface roughness. 28. Device according to one of claims 17 to 27, characterized in that the means (26) for sealing against mountain-side (over) pressure are designed as a check valve (26.1).