AT513115B1 - Electromechanical locking device for a firearm to allow use only by the authorized user - Google Patents

Abstract

Locking device for firearms (1), wherein a locking unit (6) on the firearm (1) is arranged, wherein the locking unit (6) at least one electromechanical locking mechanism (7) and at least one active retaining element (13) has, wherein the locking device further of the firearm (1) separately formed unlocking element (4), said unlocking element (4) is attached to an unlocking unit (3) having a receiving area (17) into which the weapon (1) can be at least partially inserted, wherein the locking mechanism (7) can be brought into a release state only when the weapon (1) is at least partially inserted into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3).

Description

description

ELECTROMECHANICAL LOCKING DEVICE FOR A FIREARM TO ENABLE USER ONLY TO USERS AUTHORIZED THEREFROM

The invention relates to a locking device, in particular an electromechanical locking device for firearms for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting a firing trigger mechanism of a firearm.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a firearm with such a locking device, in particular a firearm with those components of the locking device, which are arranged on the firearm.

Moreover, the invention relates to an unlocking unit with those components of such a locking device, which are arranged on the unlocking unit.

Finally, the invention also relates to methods for solving a blocking of a firing trigger mechanism of a firearm, wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing mechanism of the firearm, an above-mentioned locking device is used.

The task of locking firearms, so that only the authorized owner can use this, has already led to various shut-off devices.

An older mechanical approach attempts to solve the problem in that the firearm is activated as long as a pin or key inserted in this, which is connected to a cord with the owner of the firearm, which deducted when stealing the firearm is as in US 4,866,811 A and US 5,361,525 A or DE 43 00 532 A1. However, these approaches are unsuitable for many applications, since anyone who comes close to the owner of the firearm can disable the firearm by pulling on the cord. These proposals could therefore not gain any significance.

There are also different solutions in which an unlocking element directly determines the state of the weapon, such as DE 43 00 532 A1, US Pat. No. 6,474,011 B1, WO 2011/154858 A1 and AT 412823 B.

Most of the shut-off devices as well as e.g. in EP 1 443 295 B1 or DE 100 52 466 C1 are characterized in that the unlocking in an emergency takes too long time and the firearm remains unlocked after unlocking permanently until it is manually blocked again. This ensures neither rapid availability nor exclusive use by its owner, as a once unlocked firearm can get into the wrong hands due to carelessness or in a scuffle and thus can be used against its owner.

To solve this problem, methods have hitherto been mainly proposed in which by means of wireless technology provides communication between a transmitter and a receiver for the active circuit of the firearm. Such methods have long been prior art such as US 4,003,152 A, US 4,563,827 A, US 4,682,435 A or DE 4303333 A1, occupy, as well as in more recent documents such as US 2003/0070343 A1, DE 44 46 020 A1 or US 2002/0112390 A1 described. Solutions in which the transmitter operates in the manner of a transponder, for example, an energy transfer from the weapon to the transmitter, have long been disclosed, inter alia, in US 4,488,370 A or US 5,461,812 A. The disadvantages of these proposals are that a deliberate deactivation by interference of the identification signal by means of jammers, so-called whining, can take place and that they require comparatively much energy for the constant communication, since the radio link must be permanent, or at least repeated at frequent intervals, upright to keep the weapon unlocked. Because of these issues, these approaches lack the confidence of users and they could not prevail. Even fingerprint sensors have been able to be used due to their limited usability and reliability so far

Do not establish weapons.

In US 2001/0032405 A1 a solution is disclosed in which, inter alia, a handle fuse actuates a switch whose state is taken into account electronically with activation of the weapon with simultaneous authorization by an authorization signal and this state by the switch of the grip can also be maintained. This solution is the basis for DE 60313227 T2, in which the unlocking element is a transponder with a biometric sensor is used and the active state of the weapon is maintained by a handle sensor. But even these two solutions have the disadvantage that the activation can be prevented by Jammer. Although it is attempted to address this problem in US 2001/0032405 A1 by the use of magnetic communication, this solution is unsatisfactory.

In AT 511571 B1, a very robust and reliable method has been disclosed by the same inventor, which is able to solve this problem in a very reliable manner purely mechanically.

US 2011/019071 A1 describes a holster with a mechanism for retaining an inserted firearm, the weapon can be removed from the holster only when the user is e.g. fingerprint as an authorized user of the weapon. The weapon is basically always ready to fire, but can only be pulled out of the holster by an authorized user. However, a weapon pulled out of the holster can be used by any user at any time.

It is an object of the invention to provide a locking device for firearms, which allows reliable allocation of a firearm to a user and by which the use in the event of loss or theft of the firearm is blocked or prevented.

This object is achieved with a locking device of the type mentioned, which according to the invention comprises: +) arranged on the firearm locking unit, said Verriege treatment unit comprises [0016] at least one electromechanical locking mechanism, and further [0017 ] *) comprises at least one active-holding element which is capable of detecting a user's hand on the firearm, preferably on a handle of the firearm, +) an unlocking element formed separately from the firearm, wherein the

Unlocking element is attached to an unlocking unit, which has a receiving area for at least partially receiving the weapon, and wherein the locking mechanism of the locking unit has a locking mechanism coupling region, and wherein the unlocking element has a corresponding unlocking element coupling region or a corresponding unlocking element- And wherein the lock mechanism locks the firing gun firing mechanism in a locked state and releases the firing trigger mechanism in a released condition, and wherein the latching mechanism in a released state is engaged in the firing mode Release state is how the active holding element in a

Active position or in an active state, and b) changes to a locked state when the active holding element in a

Or in a blocking state, and wherein the blocking device further comprises at least one switch, by means of which at least one switch via an electronic, e.g. at least one circuit, the unlocking element coupling region and / or the blocking mechanism coupling region being switched on or off, and wherein, by coupling the coupling regions, the blocking mechanism changes from its locking state into the release state, characterized in that [0028] a coupling of the coupling regions takes place in that [0029] -) the firearm is partially or completely inserted into the receptacle of the unlocking unit, and - at the same time at least the at least one switch is actuated.

"Press " of the switch means that this is from a switching position "off " into a switching position "a " is brought, the electronics is thus turned on.

In a preferred solution, the locking device is designed so that the locking mechanism changes from the locking state to the release state when the two coupling regions are coupled and at the same time the active retaining element is in an active position or in an active state.

In an alternative preferred solution, the locking device is designed so that the locking mechanism changes from the locking state to the release state when the active holding element is in an active position or in an active state wherein the active holding element only in an active position or in a Active state can be brought when the two coupling areas are coupled. This can e.g. be effected in that a power supply for the active holding element is activated only by the coupling of the coupling regions.

In another alternative preferred solution, the locking device is designed so that the locking mechanism changes from the locking state to the release state when the two coupling areas are coupled wherein the two coupling areas can only be coupled when the active holding element in an active position or is in an active state. This can e.g. be effected in that only by the activation of the active holding element, a power supply for coupling the coupling areas is activated.

Furthermore, the object mentioned at the outset is solved by a method mentioned at the outset, which comprises the following steps: 1) at least partially introducing or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit, 2) actuating the firing gun Switch, preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm in the unlocking o-the at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the unlocking or pushing the firearm in the unlocking unit, 3) switching the active retaining element of a user from a blocking division or a locked state into an active position or an active state and simultaneous coupling of the two coupling regions, whereby the locking mechanism of the lock firing of the firearm blocking or interrupting lock state in the Schussauslösemechanismu s firearm releasing release state changes.

Likewise, the object mentioned at the outset is solved by a method mentioned at the outset, which comprises the following steps: 1) at least partially introducing or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit, 2) actuating the Switch, preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm in the unlocking o-the at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the unlocking unit or pushing the firearm into the unlocking unit, 3) coupling the two coupling areas [0044] 4) Switching the active-holding member from the user from a lock-up state to an active-state, whereby the lock-up mechanism releases the lock-up state from the lock-up mechanism of the firearm to the firing-firing mechanism of the firing monkey releasing release state changes.

Finally, the object mentioned at the outset is solved by a method mentioned at the outset, which comprises the following steps: 1) at least partial introduction or introduction of the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit, 2) actuation of the firing gun Switch, preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm in the unlocking o-the at least partial removal or removal of the firearm from the unlocking or pushing the firearm in the unlocking unit, 3) switching the active retaining element of [0050] 4) coupling the two coupling regions, whereby the locking mechanism switches from the locking state blocking or interrupting the firing mechanism of the firearm to a firing trigger mechanism of the S firearm releasing release state changes.

Advantage of the present invention is that the weapon can only be brought into a state that allows the firing of a shot when it is at least partially inserted into the appropriate unlocking unit and at the same time by the user on the handle of the weapon by one of these measures a process is triggered, which checks by coupling coupling areas, whether, by the presence of a suitable unlocking element, the user is also entitled to use the weapon, the weapon can be fired only after as long as the Aktivhalteele-element is activated by the hand on the handle (ie, is in the so-called active position / the so-called active state). If the active holding element deactivated (ie, that it changes to the so-called blocking position / the so-called blocking state), which happens automatically when no hand is detected on the handle of the weapon, the locking mechanism changes to the locked state and thus the weapon can not be fired ie the trigger can not be actuated or the actuation of the trigger does not trigger a shot. A disassembly of the weapon is preferably not possible in this locked state according to a known from prior art AT 511571 B1 and not described here method. In order to bring the weapon back into a state that allows the firing of a shot, it must be re-introduced at least partially into a suitable unlocking unit. The fact that the weapon can only be unlocked when it is at least partially introduced into the unlocking unit, the coupling of the coupling areas takes place in a protected area, which can be shielded by the choice of suitable materials in addition also very easy, so can also A coupling via electromagnetic waves such as radio (RF) prevents a disturbance of this coupling by means of so-called. Jammern and thus excluded. A switch ensures that only then the attempt of coupling the coupling areas is undertaken, if this is also effective, which no energy is consumed in the idle state, which is crucial for a weapon, since a malfunction due to lack of energy can have serious consequences.

Thus, e.g. the unlocking element is located in a holster, which the user uses e.g. on the body. If the user wants to use the weapon, he pulls the weapon out of the holster, which unlocks it. At this time, the active holding member, e.g. an ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, in the active state and remains in this by the hand on the handle. As long as the active holding element is activated, so long as the weapon is held uninterrupted following one and the same hand, can then be fired with the weapon. In an advantageous embodiment, thereby, e.g. visually indicated by an LED on the weapon that the weapon is unlocked. The coupling of the coupling regions, or the corresponding experiment, can also be performed, e.g. visually indicated by an LED.

If the user is informed e.g. the weapon knocked out of hand, the active retaining element inevitably loses contact with the user's hand, this then switches to the disabled state and thus the weapon can not be operated.

An "opponent" So can not fire the weapon. Only when this is used again in the holster, it can be unlocked again, etc.

The features of the invention thus generally lead to the fact that, as long as the locking mechanism is in the locked state, no shot with the firearm can be delivered because locked in this locking state of the firing trigger mechanism against actuation, either by the transmission of the firing trigger pulse Any point of the firing mechanism is blocked, or by the transmission of the firing impulse is interrupted at any point. Characteristic of these features is that the firearm, after the locking unit has been released by the unlocking element, remains so long and permanently in a condition permitting a firing as it is continuously in the hand, and thus by the person carrying it held in the release state, is held, since the hand, preferably on the handle of the firearm, the prerequisite is that the active holding element remains in the active position or active state. Any interruption of the holding of the hand causes the active holding element to change into blocking or blocking state, whereby a firing is permanently prevented until a renewed activation takes place by means of the unlocking element.

This ensures that only the one who is in possession of the unlocking element can use the firearm and anyone else who comes into the possession of the firearm, either accidentally or by deliberate stealing, so that can not fire. In this case, the coupling of the two coupling areas can be done by any technique or method that is able to make an identification by the coupling and the active holding element can use any technique or method that is able to detect a hand on a weapon , In this case, the respectively required electrical or electronic is activated by a switch so that no energy is consumed in the idle state.

Ideally, the locking device is designed so that the one or more switches is activated by the pulling of the weapon or, as this corresponds to the normal handling of a weapon, but also a partial insertion or introduction of the firearm in the receiving area of the Unlocking unit or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the receiving area of the unlocking unit or pushing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit can actuate the switch or switches if necessary. By or one of these switches, preferably all the electronics in the weapon is activated, thus activating their power supply, so that they can perform their respective function, this concerns both the locking mechanism and the active holding element in an electromechanical or electronic design, e.g. as a sensor. For the

Maintaining the power supply, this switch preferably has no function, it is preferably only the activation. In this case, in an advantageous embodiment, the activation of a switch by a signal, e.g. an optical signal through a light emitting diode displayed. Thus, the status of the functions can be monitored and thus consequences of malfunctions can be prevented.

In a preferred solution, the switches are arranged in such a way that the switch or switches on the unlocking unit are actuated by the weapon and the switch or switches on the weapon by the unlocking unit, as this makes automatic actuation possible.

In an alternative embodiment, the switch or switches is actuated by the gripping of the weapon and / or deliberate pressing, wherein the switch or switches in this case are preferably attached to the handle of the weapon. Such switches on a weapon are a very simple and inexpensive solution that does not require changes to an existing design.

In this case, the coupling of the coupling regions can also take place during the pulling of the weapon from the unlocking unit, wherein this coupling of the coupling regions is triggered by the pulling of the weapon. By doing so, the locking device can be designed so that it is not noticed at all during normal handling of the weapon. Also, the unlocking member and thus the unlocking coupling portion can be mounted in any position in the opening portion of the unlocking unit, so that the locking mechanism coupling portion is e.g. while pulling past it and detected it.

In a preferred embodiment, the coupling of the coupling regions takes place only until the locking mechanism has changed into a release state, since this is sufficient for identification. As a result, very little energy is needed for the coupling process.

In an advantageous embodiment, the unlocking element is designed with the unlocking element coupling region as a transmitter and the locking mechanism coupling region as a receiver, and the coupling regions are coupled when a transmitter signal matches a defined pattern in the receiver. This makes it possible that an unlocking element is clearly assigned to a weapon.

In an alternative embodiment, the unlocking element with the unlocking element coupling region is implemented as an optical code and the locking mechanism coupling region as an optical sensor, and the coupling regions are coupled when a code sensed by the optical sensor coincides with a defined pattern. Optical codes are a widely used and reliable technology, e.g. in the form of so-called barcodes, for which therefore very cheap components are available.

In this case, there is also the possibility that the optical sensor detects the reflections of a laser beam, whereby the optical code can be carried out and measured three-dimensionally, which in addition to the optical two-dimensionality and a third spatial dimension can be detected, what the complexity and thus the counterfeit security of the code is significantly increased.

Ideally, a laser already built into the weapon is used to assist in aiming for this coupling of the coupling regions, thereby obviating the need to apply an additional laser, which is a very economical solution.

In another alternative embodiment, the unlocking element with the unlatching element coupling region is designed as a three-dimensional code for measuring by means of ultrasound and the locking mechanism coupling region as an ultrasonic sensor and the coupling regions are coupled when a code detected by the ultrasonic sensor coincides with a defined pattern when the unlocking with

Ultrasound is sonicated. The performance of ultrasound sensors allows the current state of the art, the accurate detection of three-dimensional structures, which is possible in the non-optical range, a very large variety of unique codes.

To further increase the security against counterfeiting, the unlocking element, which is embodied as an optical and / or three-dimensional code, can also be made of different materials, preferably with differently reflecting surfaces. Thus, a simple automated copying even with the latest technology is currently impossible.

In another alternative embodiment, one of the coupling regions is embodied as electronically stored code and the other as identer electronically stored code, and the coupling regions are coupled when a code comparison made by direct electrical contact coincides. This is a very simple solution which is particularly simple and inexpensive to implement, whereby also already assigned to the user signatures from other applications, such as. can be used in smart cards, can be used. Thus, e.g. a smart card is inserted into a prepared unlocking unit which takes over the function of the unlocking element. As a result, complex, forgery-proof because in the chip of the chip card hardware bound algorithms can be used. Of course, such a chip but also firmly installed in the unlocking come as an unlocking element used.

In a preferred embodiment, transmitter and receiver communicate electromagnetically. Such communication is considered the current standard and is widely used. It is therefore possible to fall back on proven concepts in this regard.

In order for an electromagnetic coupling of the coupling regions, this coupling can not be disturbed by interference by so-called. Jammer, the opening portion of the recording of the unlocking unit, the firearm at least partially enclosing, with an opening portion for introducing the firearm into the receptacle, be formed wherein the receptacle is preferably at least partially or completely formed of a material or provided with material inserts, which material or which material inserts is / are suitable to shield electromagnetic radiation. As a result, even when using e.g. Radio (RF) for coupling the coupling areas for an externally non-interfering coupling provided, wherein a particular advantage of this invention is, as this provides for a reliable application of even complex radio methods, such as active and passive transponders. This invalidates one of the main criticisms of this technology in its use for weapons.

In the case of optical coupling of the coupling regions, this coupling between the transmitter and the receiver can take place both in the visible and in the region of the invisible spectrum. The latter can be an advantage in optical solutions when used in darkness.

When using sound waves between a transmitter and receiver for coupling the coupling regions, both the audible and the inaudible region of the spectrum can be used. The latter has the advantage that transmitter and receiver can communicate silently for the human ear.

In this case, the blocking device can be designed so that the transmitter each receives its energy by induction by the weapon one suitable for energy transmission, e.g. electromagnetic radiation emitted by a transmitter. As a result, the unlocking requires no separate power source, whereby the operation is greatly simplified which in turn significantly increases the reliability and thereby the acceptance of the users.

In this case, the coupling of the coupling regions can also take place in the manner of a transponder in that the transmitter reacts directly to an energy signal or a request signal. As a result, no additional switch is needed on the unlocking of the unlocking ment element when it is designed in the form of a transmitter activated. Thus, the construction is easier and the reliability is increased.

In an alternative embodiment, the transmitter can also be activated by a switch on the unlocking unit by at least partially importing or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the receiving area of the unlocking unit or Pushing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit activates the transmitter.

In this case, the active retaining element can be designed in many different ways, e.g. For example, the active holding element can be designed as a mechanical active holding element, for example as a mechanical gripping lever. In this case, the active holding element can be designed as a handle lever, which is mechanically coupled to a known from prior art AT 511571 B1 method with a locking rod so that the handle lever moves the locking bar, the locking bar can only be moved when the locking device due to allows a release state, and wherein in a locked state, the locking bar is blocked against moving. In this case, e.g. a principle with a pawl positioned by a spring as known from AT 511571 B1 are used, wherein the function of the mechanical lock of AT 511571 B1 in this embodiment is carried out by an electronic lock, which is designed with electromechanical coupling with arbitrarily executed areas. As a result, the electromechanical locking mechanism must be supplied only for reaching the release state with power. Once the locking device, and thus the weapon, has been released after the coupling areas have been coupled and the mechanical active-holding element has been actuated, all the electronics can be switched off, which can take place automatically once the release state has been reached, by e.g. the position of the locking bar is detected by an electrical contactor (switch). The release state is maintained in the sequence by the mechanical pressure of the hand on the active holding member. If the pressure on the active holding element is interrupted, this changes by a restoring force, e.g. introduced by a spring as known from AT 511571 B1, in blocking division, whereby the pawl as known from AT 511571 B1 blocks the locking bar. The advantage of this solution is that electricity is only needed to reach the release state, but the release state can then be maintained without electricity, which represents a very energy-saving implementation.

It can also be provided that the active holding element as an electro-mechanical active holding element, for example as an electromechanical switch, e.g. like a normal electrical pressure switch is formed.

Preferably, however, it is provided that the active holding element as an electronic sensor, for example as an ultrasonic sensor and / or a capacitive sensor and / or a pressure sensor and / or an optical sensor and / or a resistance sensor and / or a thermal sensor is formed. As a result, an adaptation to all conceivable requirements and applications is possible. In this case, e.g. an ultrasonic sensor operate such that it emits a short ultrasound signal at short intervals and measures the time to the reflection signal and thus determines the removal of the hand on the handle of the weapon.

The execution of the locking device can also be done so that the weapon can be pulled only after a successful coupling of the coupling areas, whereby the weapon can only be pulled activated. The weapon is e.g. fixed by a fixing element, such as a fixing hook in the unlocking, which is released by an electromechanical device after coupling the coupling areas. As a result, the user has the assurance that if he can pull the gun, this is also safely activated, otherwise the weapon is fixed in the unlocking unit, which in turn minimizes the risk of loss of the weapon.

To further increase safety, the coupling of the coupling areas only after a previous biometric test on the unlocking unit allows who the. Such tests to get to a weapon have been state of the art and known in many variants for some time. This ensures that the weapon can not be used by unauthorized persons even if the unlocking unit is passed on.

Another advantage of such a solution is that the sensitive biometric electronics does not have to be installed directly into the weapon, if such a value is set.

In this case, the locking device can also be designed so that the weapon can only be pulled out of the unlocking unit after a successful biometric check. The firearm is locked by an additional locking unit in the unlocking in this and the unlocking unit has at least one device for checking biometric features of a user, this additional locking unit releases the firearm only after a successful biometric test on the unlocking unit, so that these from the Unlocking unit can be pulled. Thus, a maximum of security is made, since the weapon is locked in the idle state in the unlocking unit.

In one embodiment, the unlocking element can be inserted or removed again into an unlocking unit without an unlocking element, or the unlocking coupling region receives its characteristic coupling properties through an element to be inserted, by e.g. the characteristics of a transmitter signal are determined by a chip of an insertable into the unlocking smart card. As a result, on the one hand, identical unlocking units can be used which are cheaper to produce and, on the other hand, the authorized user of the weapon can carry the unlocking element or the element which gives the unlocking element its properties at any time, for example on a keychain or in a wallet, provided the weapon should be locked against use.

The invention is thus characterized in that the firearm can only be activated if it is at least partially in a receiving area of the matching unlocking unit with the corresponding unlocking element, because this takes place the coupling of the coupling regions, and at the same time an active holding element on Handle the weapon is activated or activated. Thereafter, the weapon remains activated as long as the hand comprises the handle, whereby the active retaining element remains activated. Once this enclosure of the handle is no longer available, the locking device switches to the locked state, so that the firearm can not be used and can only be re-activated by re-insertion into the opening area of the unlocking and re-embracing the handle. The lock may be an extra built-in for this purpose as well as a lock or lock already present in the firearm.

In this case, the invention can be used on or in all small arms. In the case of small arms, these are primarily mobile firearms with explosive ammunition, but also all other mobile firearms, such as those, by means of the pressure of gases or tensioned springs or other type of acceleration a variety of bodies, particles, liquids or gases shoot, even those on electrical lines with electrical charge as a taser.

In the following, the invention will be illustrated by means of several preferred solutions. In these preferred solutions, the firearm in which the device is shown incorporated is one of the most widely used pistols, especially in the executive, the active-holding element is an ultrasonic sensor and the unlocking unit is attached to the unlocking element , a holster matching the pistol. For the coupling of the coupling areas and the switches different solutions are shown and explained.

The advantages of the solutions shown are, in particular, that the blocking device is not noticed at all during normal handling of the illustrated pistol, thus no obstruction in the application occurs, and that achieves a maximum of safety and efficiency by the embodiments provided becomes.

The invention together with further advantages is explained in more detail below with reference to some exemplary non-limiting embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures. 1 shows a perspective view of a firearm, as it is carried in a holster with a switch on the weapon in a partial section, [0091] FIG. 2 shows the switch on the weapon in the rest position as a detail from FIG Figure 1, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the firearm with the switch on the weapon in a partial section as it is being pulled out of the holster. Figure 4 shows the switch on the weapon in the activated position as a detail Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a firearm, as it is carried in a holster with a switch on the holster in a partial section, Fig. 6 shows the switch on the holster in the rest position as a detail Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the firearm with the switch on the holster in a partial section as it is being pulled out of the holster. Fig. 8 shows the switch on the holster in the activated position as a detail Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 a Perspective view of a firearm with a fixing hook in one

Partial cut as it is being pulled out of the holster.

Fig. 1 shows a firearm 1 with a weapon body 2, as in an unlocking unit 3, which is carried out in this example as a holster 3, carried in a partial section. An unlocking element 4, in this example designed as a transponder 4, which forms an unlocking element coupling region 5, is mounted in the holster 3.

The weapon body 2 includes a locking unit 6 consisting of an electromechanical locking mechanism 7 with a locking mechanism coupling element 8 designed as a transmitter / receiver 8 with a locking mechanism coupling region 9, a switch 10 and a movable by an electromagnet carrier 11, a locking rod 12 positioned. Furthermore, the locking unit 6 comprises an active holding element 13, which is embodied in this example as an ultrasonic sensor 13, wherein the active holding element 13 is connected by one or more electrical lines 14 to the electromechanical locking mechanism 7. The electromechanical locking mechanism 7 also contains the necessary for the realization of the logic circuit electrical and electronic, which forms an electronic evaluation unit, and an electrical energy source (not shown).

Fig. 2 shows as a detail of Fig. 1, the switch 10, as he protrudes into a recess in the holster 3, whereby he is in rest position. The weapon is therefore in rest position. The active holding element 13, designed as an ultrasonic sensor 13, is in the locked state, the electromechanical locking mechanism 7 is thus in its locked state, the weapon 1 is thus locked. There is no circuit activated (or the electronics are not activated) and no energy is consumed. The driver 11 is shown in a right stop position, whereby the locking bar 12 is brought into a right stop position. As a result, the locking bar 12 blocks a shot-firing mechanism 15 which is known from the prior art and is not described here in detail, by virtue of the prior art known from AT 511571 B1 having a rotational slide on the locking bar 12 displaced such that a trigger 16 forms part of the firing trigger mechanism 15 is blocked and thus can not be operated. The weapon is inserted in the receiving area 17 of the holster 3 up to the stop.

Fig. 3 shows in a partial section, as the weapon 1 is pulled out of the receiving area 17 and thus from the holster 3. The switch 10 is pressed by a link 18 on the holster during the drawing process, thereby the entire electrical / electronics in the weapon 1 is activated so that they can perform their respective function, this affects both the locking mechanism 7 and the active holding member 13 in the form of Ultrasonic sensor 13. The ultrasonic sensor 13 checks by distance measurement, whether a hand 19 is on the handle of the weapon 1 and detects this, it is thus in the active state, represented by concentric rings, and the locking mechanism coupling element 8, designed as a transmitter / receiver eighth sends a signal, preferably a high-energy signal, and checks whether the transponder 4 then reacts with a code as a return, represented as concentric rings, and whether this returned code matches a code stored in the transceiver 8. The result of these two tests is processed in the electronic evaluation unit. If both tests are positive, the electronic evaluation unit activates a circuit which moves the carrier 11 linearly to the left by the electromagnet against a return element, for example a spring, into a stop position, whereby the blocking rod 12 is also moved to a stop position to the left. As a result, the scenery on the locking bar 12, the counter scenery on the trigger 16 of the firing trigger mechanism 15 free and the trigger 16 can be operated. Also, the weapon whose disassembly mechanism was blocked, for example, according to a known from prior art AT 511571 B1 and not described here method in which a locking slide is blocked by a locking bar, now be disassembled. The electromechanical locking mechanism 7 is thus in the release state, the weapon 1 is thus unlocked. As a result, the weapon 1 remains unlocked as long as the active holding element 13, designed as an ultrasonic sensor 13, the hand 19 detected at the handle of the weapon 1, since the electronic evaluation unit, the electrical / electronic activated as long and the driver 11 by the electromagnet so long stops in stop position, as the ultrasonic sensor 13 detects the hand on the handle of the weapon 1. If the ultrasonic sensor 13 no longer detects a hand 19, which means that the hand 19 exceeds a predetermined distance from the handle of the weapon 1, the electronic evaluation unit switches off the entire electrical / electronic system. As a result, the electromagnet is deactivated, which holds the driver 11 against the return element (against the spring) in position. As a result, the driver 11 and with him the locking rod 12 again arrives in the stop position, whereby the weapon 1 is locked. The weapon 1 can no longer be shot, it can not be disassembled, and no energy is used. A renewed activation of the weapon 1 is possible only by re-insertion into the holster 3.

Fig. 4 shows as a detail of Fig. 3, as the switch 10 is pushed through the gate 18 of the holster 3.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the entire structure is also as in Figs. 1 to 4, the unlocking element 4 which forms the unlocking coupling region 5, but is designed as optical code 4 and the locking mechanism coupling element 8, which the Sperrmechanik- Coupling region 9 is designed as an optical sensor 8, for example, as a camera sensor 8. In this case, the camera sensor 8 must perceive a specific optical code, so that the two coupling regions 5, 9 are considered to be coupled. Everything else is the same as already described.

Figures 5 to 8 show a further preferred embodiment of a firearm 1 with a holster 3, in which a switch 20 on the holster 3 with an unlocking element 4 and a power source 21 are connected by a circuit 22, wherein the unlocking element 4, which forms the unlocking coupling region 5, is designed as a transmitter. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when an energy source in the holster 3 is required for further functions. Only the differences from the previously illustrated embodiments will be described below. In Fig. 5, the weapon 1 is in the disabled and locked state. The active holding element 13 is in the locked state, the electromechanical locking mechanism 7 is in the locked state, the weapon 1 is deactivated. The switch 20 protrudes into a recess 23 in the weapon 1 and is thus not active, the circuit 22 is deactivated.

Fig. 6 shows a detail of Fig. 5, the switch 20 in the deactivated state.

Fig. 7 shows how the weapon 1 is pulled out of the receiving area 17 and thus from the holster 3, the active holding element 13, formed as an ultrasonic sensor 13 is in the active state, the locking mechanism 7, and thus the weapon 1, is located in release state. The switch 20 leaves the recess 23 and is pressed on the weapon 1 by this during the drawing process, thereby the circuit 22 is activated and the unlocking element 4, formed as a transmitter 4 transmits its characteristic signal, represented by concentric rings. The entire electrics / electronics in the weapon 1 is activated in this embodiment either in the same way as in the previously illustrated embodiments or by an activation switch to be operated differently, for example on the handle of the weapon 1 (not shown). The locking mechanism coupling element 8, which forms the locking mechanism coupling region 9, is designed as a pure receiver 8. Everything else is the same as in the previously described embodiments.

Fig. 8 shows as a detail of Fig. 7 how the switch 20 is pressed by the weapon 1 during the pulling.

Fig. 9 shows a further preferred embodiment of a firearm 1 with a holster 3, in which a fixing hook 24 is inserted into and absorbed by an electromechanical locking mechanism 7, during the pulling of the receiving area 17 and thus from the holster. 3 The coupling areas can be configured as desired, eg as described in the other variants illustrated. The active holding element 13, formed as an ultrasonic sensor 13 is in the active state, the locking mechanism 7, and thus the weapon 1, is in the release state. A switch (not shown) for activating the electrical / electronic weapon is in this embodiment within the electromechanical locking mechanism 7 and this is activated by pulling on the weapon 1 by hooking the hook of the fixing hook 24 in this switch when the weapon in Locking state is, whereby he fixes them in the holster 3, and as soon as the weapon 1 is pulled, is actuated. As soon as this switch is activated, the coupling regions 5, 9 and the grip sensor (active holding element) 13 are checked. If the status is positive in both cases, the weapon 1 is released and at the same time the electromechanical blocking mechanism 7 releases the fixing hook 24 by the switch is moved away from the region of the hook of the fixing hook 24 by an electromagnet. The weapon can thus be pulled. Otherwise it stays fixed in the holster 3. Everything else is the same as in the previously described embodiments.

Claims (35)

1. Locking device for firearms for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting a firing trigger mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein the blocking device comprises: +) a locking unit (6) arranged on the firearm (1), wherein the locking unit (6) *) comprises at least one electromechanical locking mechanism (7), and further *) at least one active retaining element (13) which is capable of a user's hand on the firearm (1), preferably on a handle of the firearm (1) detect, +) an unlocking element (4) formed separately from the firearm (1), the unlocking element (4) being attached to an unlocking unit (3) having a receiving area (17) for at least partially receiving the weapon (1), and wherein the locking mechanism (7) of the locking unit (6) has a locking mechanism coupling region (9), and wherein the unlocking element (4) has a d a corresponding Entriegelungselement coupling region (5) or forms a corresponding Entriegelungselement coupling region (5), and wherein the locking mechanism (7) locks the firing mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) in a locked state and in a release state, the firing trigger mechanism (15 ), and wherein the lock mechanism (7) in a release state is in the release state as long as the active retaining member (13) is in an active state and in an active state, and b) changes to a lock state when the active holding element (13) changes into a blocking division or in a blocking state, and wherein the blocking device further comprises at least one switch (10, 20), by means of which at least one switch (10, 20) via an electronic, eg at least one circuit, the unlocking element coupling region (5) and / or the locking mechanism coupling region (9) on or off, and wherein by coupling the coupling regions (5, 9), the locking mechanism (7) from its locking state in the release state changes, characterized in that a coupling of the coupling regions (5, 9) takes place in that -) the firearm (1) partially or completely in the receptacle (17) of the unlocking unit (3) is inserted, and -) at least simultaneously the at least one switch (10, 20) is actuated. 2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) of the locking state (14) in the release state (22) changes when the two coupling areas (4, 7) are coupled and at the same time the active holding element (11) in an active position or in an active state (20) is located. 3. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) of the locking state (14) in the release state (22) changes when the active holding element (11) is in an active position or in an active state (20) the active retaining element (11) can be brought into an active position or into an active state (20) only when the two coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled. 4. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) of the locking state (14) in the release state (22) changes when the two coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled, wherein the two coupling regions (4, 7 ) can be coupled only when the active holding element (11) is in an active position or in an active state (20). 5. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one or more switches (10, 20) by, preferably partially, be introduced the firearm (1) in the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3) is actuated / are. 6. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the one or more switches (10, 20) on the weapon (1) and / or on the unlocking unit (3) is / are arranged, wherein one of the unlocking unit ( 3) arranged switch (20) by the weapon (1) and one on the weapon (1) arranged switch (10) by the unlocking unit (3) is actuated. 7. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one or more switches (10, 20) are arranged on the handle of the weapon (1). 8. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coupling of the coupling regions (5, 9) takes place while the weapon (1) is partially inserted in the unlocking unit (3). 9. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coupling regions (5, 7) are coupled only until the locking mechanism (7) is changed into a release state. 10. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) with the unlocking element coupling region (5) is designed as a transmitter (4) and the locking mechanism coupling element (8) is designed as a receiver, and that the coupling regions (5, 9) are coupled when a transmitter signal matches a defined signal pattern in the receiver. 11. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) with the Entriegelungselement coupling region (5) is designed as an optical code and the locking mechanism coupling element (8) is designed as an optical sensor, and that the Coupling areas (5, 9) are coupled when a detected by the optical sensor code matches a defined code pattern. 12. Locking device according to claim 11, characterized in that the locking mechanism coupling element (8), designed as an optical sensor, detects the reflections of a laser beam. Locking device according to claim 12, characterized in that a laser built into the firearm, e.g. a firearm assisting laser for coupling the coupling areas. 14. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) with the unlocking element coupling region (5) is designed as a three-dimensional code for measuring by means of ultrasound and the locking mechanism coupling element (8) is designed as an ultrasonic sensor, and that the coupling regions (5, 9) are coupled when a code sensed by the ultrasonic sensor coincides with a defined pattern when the unlocking element (4) is sonicated. 15. Locking device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) designed as optical and / or three-dimensional code of different materials, preferably with different reflective surfaces, is executed. 16. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one of the coupling regions (5, 9) is an electronically stored code and the other an identical electronically stored code and that the coupling regions (5, 9) are coupled when a code comparison made by direct electrical contact. 17. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) and the locking mechanism coupling element (8) communicate electromagnetically. 18. Locking device according to claim 17, characterized in that the receptacle (17) of the unlocking unit (3) the firearm (1) is at least partially enclosing, with an opening portion for introducing the firearm (1) into the receptacle (17) is formed, and wherein preferably the receptacle (17) is at least partially or completely formed from a material or provided with material inserts, which material or which material inserts is / are suitable for shielding electromagnetic radiation. 19. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that transmitter (4) and receiver (7) communicate optically, for example in the region of the invisible spectrum or in the region of the visible spectrum. 20. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) and the locking mechanism coupling element (8) communicate by sound waves, for example in the region of the inaudible spectrum or in the audible spectrum. 21. Locking device according to one of claims 10 and 17 to 20, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) receives its energy by induction by the weapon (1) emits a radiation suitable for energy transmission by a transmitter. 22. Locking device according to one of claims 10 and 17 to 21, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) operates in the manner of a transponder. 23. Locking device according to claim 21, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) can be activated in that the switch (10, 20) on the unlocking unit (3) by at least partially introduced the firearm (1) in the unlocking unit (3) or be partially removed or pulled his firearm (1) from the unlocking unit (3) or pressed his firearm (1) in the unlocking unit (3) is actuated. 24. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the active holding element (13) is designed as a mechanical active holding element, for example as a mechanical handle lever. 25. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the active holding element (13) is designed as an electromechanical active holding element, for example as an electromechanical switch. 26. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the active holding element (13) as an electronic active holding element, in particular as a sensor, for example as *) an ultrasonic sensor and / or *) a capacitive sensor and / or *) a pressure sensor and / or *) an optical sensor and / or *) a resistance sensor and / or *) a thermal sensor is formed. 27. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the weapon (1) when it is deactivated, in the unlocking unit (3) by a fixing element, such as a fixing hook (24) is fixed, and only after a successful Coupling the coupling regions (5, 9), which releases the fixing element, for example the fixing hook (24), can be pulled. 28. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the unlocking unit (3) has at least one device for checking biometric features of a user, and that coupling the coupling regions (5, 9) only after a previous biometric test the unlocking unit (3) is possible. 29. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the firearm (1) by an additional locking unit in the unlocking unit (3) can be locked in this and the unlocking unit (3) at least one device for checking biometric features of a user This additional locking unit releases the firearm (1) only after a successful biometric check on the unlocking unit (3), so that it can be pulled out of the unlocking unit (3). 30. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) inserted into an unlocking unit (3) and this can also be removed again or receives the unlocking coupling region by a einzusetzendes and again removable element its characteristic coupling properties , 31 firearm with a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 or with those components of a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30, which are arranged on the firearm (1). 32. Entriegelungseinheit with those components of a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30, which are arranged on the unlocking unit (3). 33. A method for resolving a lock firing mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 is provided, characterized by the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3), 2) actuating the switch (10, 20), preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or Inserting the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) from the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3), 3) Switching the active retaining element (13) by a user from a blocking division or a blocking state into an active position or into an active state and simultaneously coupling the two coupling regions (5, 9), whereby the locking mechanism (7) changes from the locking state blocking or interrupting the shot firing mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) to a release state releasing the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm. 34. A method for solving a lock of a firing trigger mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 is provided, characterized by the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3), 2) actuating the switch (10, 20), preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially importing or Inserting the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) from the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3), 3) coupling the two Coupling areas (5, 9), 4) switching the active holding element (13) from the user of a blocking division or a blocking state into an Aktivstellu ng or in an active state, whereby the locking mechanism (7) of the firing device (15) of the firearm (1) blocking or interrupting locking state in a firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm releasing release state changes. 35. A method for solving a lock of a firing trigger mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 is provided, characterized by the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3), 2) actuating the switch (10, 20), preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or Inserting the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) from the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3), 3) Switching the active retaining element (13) from the user of a blocking division or a blocking state in an active position or in an active state, 4) coupling the be iden coupling portions (5, 9), whereby the locking mechanism (7) of the firing device (15) of the firearm (1) blocking or interrupting locking state in a firing release mechanism (15) of the firearm releasing release state changes. For this 3 sheets of drawings