AT510961B1 - RADIATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a radiator (1) comprising a container (2) covered at least on one outer side (3) with ceramic (4), marble, stone or glass, wherein at least one wall (7) of the container (2) acts as one a circuit (17) of a heat transfer material connectable heat exchanger (9) is formed. The container (2) defines an interior (11) which is filled with a phase change material (12), wherein the heat exchanger (9) projects into the phase change material (12) or passes through it.

Description

Austrian Patent Office AT 510 961 B1 2012-08-15

description

RADIATOR

The present invention relates to a radiator, comprising a at least on one side with ceramic, marble, stone or glass-covered container, wherein at least one wall of the container is designed as a connectable to a circuit of a heat transfer material heat exchanger. Furthermore, a method for producing a radiator according to the invention is given.

Various designs of radiators are known from the prior art, which usually serve shapely and compact radiator for individual rooms of a building. Such radiators are usually closed to a circuit of a heat transfer material. The heat transfer material, usually hot water is used, enters the designated as flow supply line in the radiator and leaves it after heat loss in the designated as return drain line. In most cases, several radiators are connected in series to a circulating line filled with circulating heat transfer medium. The circulation line is fed by a common, central hot water heater and thus ensures a constant high flow temperature of the heat transfer material.

The disadvantage of such radiators, which are made for example of a metal casting material or a cold rolled steel sheet, to cite only a very small heat storage effect. Once the supply of hot heat transfer material is interrupted, the radiator cools down very quickly, which is perceived as unpleasant. A current supply of the radiator with hot water, however, is disadvantageously reflected in high operating or heating costs.

In order to increase the storage effect of a radiator, for example, storage tiles can be attached heat-conducting on one side of the radiator. However, in this embodiment, the time until the radiator is cooled after interrupting the supply of heat transfer material, only slightly extended.

The present invention therefore has as its object to avoid the disadvantages known from the prior art for a radiator and to provide a radiator that offers a much higher heat storage capacity at comparable with a radiator, compact dimensions.

This object is achieved in a radiator according to the preamble of claim 1 with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. The subclaims relate to particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention.

It is advantageous in a radiator according to the invention, comprising a at least on one outside with ceramic, marble, stone or glass-filled container, wherein at least one wall of the container is designed as a connectable to a circuit of a heat transfer material heat exchanger, through the container an interior defined, which is filled with a phase change material, wherein the heat exchanger protrudes into the phase change material or passes through it.

By located in the interior phase change material, the heat storage capacity of a radiator according to the invention is significantly improved compared to conventional radiators with an open air space, without exceeding the compact dimensions of radiators. In addition, a particularly energy-saving space heating is possible with a radiator according to the invention. Furthermore, in a radiator according to the invention by the heating of the ceramic outer skin a forced heat radiation in the form of particularly comfortable infrared heat is achieved.

Thus, the advantages of conventional radiators, which can be provided due to their compact dimensions in each living space and flexible exchange, as well as the benefits of a tiled stove, which usually has a particularly high heat storage capacity AT 1 010 961 B1 2012- 08-15 did and gives off a high proportion of radiant heat, united in a radiator according to the invention.

As a heat exchanger, which thus also forms at least one wall of the container, for example, a known from the prior art radiator can be used.

Particularly useful in a radiator according to the invention, at least two opposite walls of the container designed as a heat exchanger.

It is also possible within the scope of the invention that even more walls, so more than two walls of the container are designed as heat exchangers.

It is advantageous in a radiator according to the invention, the container on its blank, so not occupied with ceramic, marble, stone or glass, outer sides at least partially provided with insulation.

Due to the insulation, which is advantageously arranged on the blank outer sides of the container, the heat radiation is significantly improved by the occupied outer sides and prevents the most unwanted heat radiation from the blank outer sides. The proportion of radiated as infrared radiation from the occupied outer sides heat is advantageously increased by the insulation and thereby further prolong the long-lasting heat storage effect of the radiator according to the invention. Unwanted heat losses, which occur for example in an uninsulated container which is attached to a building wall, by heat radiation to the wall, are reliably prevented due to the isolated outer sides of the radiator.

In the context of the invention it is for example also possible to incorporate the container of a radiator according to the invention in a recess of a wall or a wall recess such that for a viewer only the decorative, occupied with ceramic, marble, stone or glass, front of the radiator is visible. In these installation positions insulation of the blank outer sides of the container is particularly useful.

Advantageously, in a radiator according to the invention, the at least one wall formed as a heat exchanger with a heat transfer material inlet port and a heat transfer material-discharge port provided.

In one embodiment of the invention, the heat transfer material inlet connection or the heat transfer material-discharge connection is provided with a heat transfer material flow regulator in a radiator.

In the context of the invention known control systems can be used for flow control, for example, from the radiator technology.

Particularly advantageously, a radiator according to the invention is provided with at least one temperature sensor, which is preferably coupled to a temperature control device and projects into the filled with phase change material interior or disposed on the occupied outside of the container.

The temperature measurement of the temperature sensor is thus either directly in filled with phase change material interior, or the surface temperature is measured at the occupied with ceramic, marble, stone or glass outside of the container. It is also conceivable within the scope of the invention that a plurality of temperature sensors are provided which detect, for example, both the temperature of the phase change material in the interior of the container, as well as the surface temperature of the occupied outside of the container.

The detected by means of temperature sensors at the respective measuring point in the interior or on the occupied outside of the container temperature is compared by a temperature control device with the room temperature of the surrounding living space. Once the desired set room temperature has been reached, the flow of the heat transfer material is throttled or interrupted by the heat transfer material flow controller, and only then is the flow opened again when the room temperature is about one hour certain temperature difference to the desired target room temperature, for example by a temperature difference of 3 to 4 ° G, has dropped. The radiator according to the invention radiates primarily infrared heat. The surface temperature of the occupied for example with ceramic outer sides of the container are thus usually warmer in operation than the room temperature of the ambient air.

Advantageously, the occupied outer sides retain the same surface temperature for a particularly long time due to the high heat storage capacity of the radiator according to the invention. Rapid temperature fluctuations of the surfaces, as they occur due to the low heat storage capacity in the inclusion and Aussehalten of conventional radiators and are perceived as unpleasant, advantageously do not occur in a radiator according to the invention.

When using a radiator according to the invention, the room temperature of the ambient air during a longer time interval, for example, during 24 hours, differs only very slightly. The uniform delivery of radiant heat at about the same temperature level is perceived as particularly pleasant and comfortable.

In particular, when a heat storage or buffer is provided in the circulation of the heat transfer material, the time intervals in which throttled or interrupted by the heat transfer material flow controller, the flow of the heat transfer material, can be advantageously extended. Thus, a particularly efficient, energy-saving operation of a radiator according to the invention is possible. Depending on the requirements, it may be sufficient, for example, to supply hot heat transfer material to the heating element according to the invention only two or three times a day during shorter heating intervals. During the longer time intervals in which the flow of the heat transfer material is interrupted and the radiator is not heated with hot heat transfer material, the high heat storage effect of the latent heat storage is particularly advantageous effect.

For heating the heat transfer material, such as water, in principle, any variant of a building heating is conceivable. Among other things, fuels such as fuel oil, vegetable oils or biodiesel can be used as liquid fuels, solid fuels such as coal, wood or other biogenic solid fuels, such as straw or biomass, as well as natural gas, liquid gas or biomethane as gaseous fuels. Furthermore, it is conceivable to accomplish the heating of the heat transfer material with a thermal solar system either alone or in combination with a fuel firing.

As phase change material, a paraffin-containing medium is provided in a radiator according to the invention.

In the context of the invention, it is also possible, depending on the application, to use other phase change materials, such as, for example, salts (for example Glauber's salt, sodium acetate) or salt hydrates or organic compounds (for example fatty acids) as latent heat storage. It is essential that the latent heat of fusion, solution heat or heat of absorption of the phase change materials used are each substantially larger than the heat they can store due to their normal specific heat capacity without the phase transformation effect.

Depending on the melting temperature or solidification temperature of the phase change material used in each case the flow temperature of the heat transfer material is controlled by the temperature control device. The flow temperature is regulated so that it is above the melting temperature of the corresponding phase change material. By replacing the phase change material by a corresponding phase change material with a lower melting temperature, it is possible to lower the required flow temperature of the heat carrier.

Suitably, in a radiator according to the invention, the walls of the container made of a metallic material.

In a further development of the invention, a process for the production of a heating element is specified as a sequence of the following production steps: Providing a radiator comprising a heat transfer material; Inlet connection and a heat transfer material-discharge connection, as a heat exchanger; - Closing of the open side surfaces of the radiator by tight fastening, in particular by welding, of side surface panels; Arranging a closable phase change material filling opening and a closable phase change material discharge opening on the side surface plates; - Documents, in particular gluing at least one outer surface of the radiator with

Ceramic, marble, stone or glass; Preferably, attaching insulation to at least a portion of the blank outer surfaces of the radiator; - Filling the interior formed by the radiator and the sealingly attached side surface panels with a phase change material; The filling with phase change material takes place either already during the production of the radiator or during assembly or commissioning on site.

The radiator is thus prepared for connection to a heat transfer material circuit.

An optional insulation is preferably attached to at least a portion of the blank outer surfaces of the radiator. In particular, when the highest possible heat transfer is to be achieved with an increased convection share with a radiator according to the invention, the unoccupied outer surfaces of the radiator, for example its back, remain without insulation.

A radiator according to the invention can in principle be used in any building, for example in private homes, public buildings and also in communal residential buildings. In addition, different embodiments of the radiator according to the invention, for example, with different sizes, all covered by the invention.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following explanation of each of the drawings schematically illustrated embodiments. In the drawings: [0042] FIG. 1 is a sectional view according to section plane I-1 from above of a radiator according to the invention, the sectional plane I-I being marked in FIG. 2; Fig. 2 in a sectional view according to sectional plane ll-ll from the front in Fig. 1 Darge presented radiator, wherein the sectional plane ll-ll is shown in Fig. 1; [0044] FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the individual components of a variant of a radiator according to the invention in an isometric view.

In Fig. 1, a heating element 1 according to the invention is shown in a sectional view from above. The radiator 1 comprises a container 2 that is coated on its outer side 3 with a covering material made of ceramic 4. An uncovered outside 5 of the container 2 is here provided over the entire surface with a heat-insulating material 6.

The radiator 1 is to be mounted on a wall, for example, wherein the occupied with a ceramic material 4 outside 3 visible to the viewer as the front of the radiator 1 can be seen. The outer side 3 opposite outer side 5, which is provided with an insulation 6, is thus in the mounted position parallel to a building wall at the back of the radiator. 1

In this embodiment, two opposite walls 7 and 8 of the container 2 are formed as a heat exchanger 9. Side walls 10 and 8 are respectively connected to the walls 7 and 8 in a liquid-tight manner at the side and top and bottom, thereby forming an interior 11 of the container 2 for accommodating a phase change material 12. The formed as a heat exchanger 9 walls 7 and 8 of the container 2 protrude into the filled with phase change material 12 interior 11 or enforce this interior eleventh

As shown in Fig. 3, the phase change material 12 is filled by a phase change selmaterial filling opening 13, which is provided for example on the upper side surface plate 10, in the interior 11 of the container 2. If necessary, the phase change material 12 can also be emptied out of the container 2 again by means of a phase change material emptying opening 14, which can likewise be seen in FIG. 3. However, it is provided that the phase change material 12 remains over a longer period of operation in the interior 11 of the radiator 1 and does not need to be replaced regularly.

As can be seen in the sectional view of FIG. 2, a temperature sensor 15, which is coupled to a temperature control device 16, protrudes into the space 11 filled with phase change material 12.

It is also possible to detect the temperature of the phase change material 12 by means of a temperature sensor on the occupied with ceramic 4 outside 3 of the container 2. This possible embodiment is not shown here.

The detected by means of temperature sensor 15 at each measurement point in the interior 11 temperature of the phase change material 12 is compared by a temperature control device 16 each with the ambient temperature of the environment. If the desired target room temperature is reached, the heat transfer material circuit 17 is interrupted and the supply of heat transfer material is suppressed. As a heat transfer material here, for example, hot water is used.

The heat transfer material circuit 17 is indicated in Fig. 2 only schematically by arrows indicating the flow direction of the heat transfer material. The heat transfer material circuit 17 usually includes connecting lines from the radiator 1 at most to other radiators and to a heating source, further pumps, valves, balancing or storage tank, etc., all of which are not shown in the drawings. The radiator 1 is coupled to the connecting lines of the heat transfer material circuit 17 at the heat transfer material inlet port 18 and the heat transfer material-discharge port 19.

From the heat transfer material flow regulator 20, the flow of the heat transfer material is throttled or interrupted until the ambient temperature in the room has dropped by a certain temperature difference to the desired target room temperature, for example by 3 to 4 ° C.

In a particularly economical embodiment for producing a radiator 1 according to the invention, a conventional radiator 21 is provided as the heat exchanger 9, which usually has a heat carrier material inlet port 18 and a heat transfer material discharge port 19 has. In order to obtain a container 2 with a liquid-tight interior 11, the open side surfaces of the radiator 21 are closed by tight fastening, in particular by welding side surface plates 10. On the upper side surface plate 10 is closed with a closure 22 phase change material filling opening 13 for filling the inner space 11 with phase change material 12 is arranged. For emptying the phase change material 12, a closable phase change material discharge opening 14 is provided on the lower side surface plate 10.

Subsequently, at least one outer surface 3 of the radiator 21 is covered with ceramic 4, marble, stone or glass. The covering material is glued to the outer surface 3, for example.

Preferably, an insulation 6 is arranged at least at a portion of the uncovered outer surfaces 5 of the radiator 21. Finally, the from the radiator 21 and the 5/9

Claims (9)

Austrian Patent Office AT 1010 961 B1 2012-08-15 formed on this sealingly attached side surface panels 10 filled interior 11 with a phase change material 12. The filling with phase change material 12 takes place either directly during the production of the radiator 1 or during assembly on site. The radiator 1 is thus prepared for connection to a heat transfer material circuit 17. For connection to the connecting lines of the heat transfer material circuit 17, a heat transfer material inlet port 18 and a heat transfer material discharge port 19 are provided. LIST OF POSITION SIGNS: 1 Radiator 2 Container 3 Outer side of container 4 Ceramic covering material 5 Uncovered outside of container 6 Insulation material 7 Wall of container 8 Wall of container 9 Heat exchanger 10 Side surface plate 11 Interior 12 Phase change material 13 Phase change material filling opening 14 Phase change material discharge opening 15 Temperature sensor 16 Temperature control device 17 Heat-transfer material circuit 18 Heat-transfer material inlet connection 19 Heat-transfer material discharge connection 20 Heat-transfer material flow regulator 21 Radiator 22 Closure 1. Radiator (1), comprising at least one outside (3) with ceramic (4), marble, stone or Glass-filled container (2), wherein at least one wall (7) of the container (2) is designed as a connectable to a circuit (17) of a heat transfer material heat exchanger (9), characterized gekennzeichn et that the container (2) defines an interior space (11) which is filled with a phase change material (12), wherein the heat exchanger (9) protrudes into the phase change material (12) or passes through it. 2. Radiator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two opposite walls (7, 8) of the container (2) as a heat exchanger (9) are formed. 3. Radiator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the container (2) is provided at its uncovered outer sides (5) at least in sections with an insulation (6). 6/9 Austrian Patent Office AT 510 961 B1 2012-08-15 4. radiator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one as a heat exchanger (9) formed wall (7, 8) provided with a heat transfer material inlet port (18) and a heat transfer material-discharge port (19) is. 5. radiator (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat carrier material inlet port (18) or the heat carrier material-discharge port (19) with a heat transfer material flow regulator (20) is provided. 6. radiator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a temperature sensor (15), which is preferably coupled to a temperature control device (16), in the phase change material (12) filled interior (11) projects or at an occupied outside (3) of the container (2) is arranged. 7. radiator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a paraffin-containing medium is provided as the phase change material (12). 8. radiator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the walls (7, 8) of the container (2) are made of a metallic material. 9. A method for producing a radiator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the sequence of the following manufacturing steps: - Provision of a radiator (21), comprising a heat transfer material inlet port (18) and a heat transfer material-discharge port (19) , as a heat exchanger (9); - Closing of the open side surfaces of the radiator (21) by tight fastening, in particular by welding of side surface plates (10); - placing a closable phase change material filling opening (13) and a closable phase change material discharge opening (14) on the side surface plates (10); - Covering, in particular gluing at least one outer surface (3) of the radiator (21), with ceramic (4), marble, stone or glass; - Preferably, an insulation (6) at least at a portion of the blank outer surfaces (5) of the radiator (21); - filling the interior (11) formed by the radiator (21) and the side surface plates (10) sealingly attached thereto with a phase change material (12); For this 2 sheets drawings 7/9