CN112923763A - Cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity - Google Patents
Cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN112923763A CN112923763A CN202110034733.7A CN202110034733A CN112923763A CN 112923763 A CN112923763 A CN 112923763A CN 202110034733 A CN202110034733 A CN 202110034733A CN 112923763 A CN112923763 A CN 112923763A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
A cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity comprises an upper main pipeline, an upper air collecting cavity, a heat storage pipe, a lower air collecting cavity, a connecting pipe and a lower main pipeline; the heat storage pipes are distributed in parallel, and two adjacent heat storage pipes are communicated through a connecting pipe to form a heat storage pipe cluster; an upper air collecting cavity and a lower air collecting cavity are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat storage tube cluster, and the upper air collecting cavity and the lower air collecting cavity are communicated with the interior of the heat storage tube cluster; an upper main pipeline is arranged on the upper air collecting cavity, and a lower main pipeline is arranged on the lower air collecting cavity. The cobblestone heat storage system has the advantages of large working temperature range, strong load variation capability and good adaptability. The invention can flexibly adjust the number of the heat storage pipes connected in series and in parallel according to the working temperature interval and the size of the heat load. The larger the number of parallel pipes is, the larger the maximum flow rate can be handled, and the larger the number of series pipes is, the higher the maximum temperature can be handled, so that the whole heat storage system has strong variable load capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy storage and heat storage, and particularly relates to a cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity.
Background
In the traditional research on energy storage and heat storage, the heat storage form is divided into two types: sensible heat storage and phase change heat storage. The two differences are in the temperature change of the heat storage process and the difference of the heat storage principle. Sensible heat storage utilizes a high heat capacity material to store more energy at a smaller temperature rise, while phase change storage utilizes high latent heat of a heat storage material near the phase change critical point to store heat.
In order to facilitate heat exchange and storage, most of materials adopted by sensible heat storage are liquid, such as water or heat conducting oil. Water is cheap and easy to obtain, but the working temperature is required to be below 100 ℃, so that the application field of water heat storage is limited; the working temperature range of the heat conducting oil can reach 300 ℃, but the cost is relatively high, and the heat conducting oil has explosion danger and is not convenient for large-scale application.
The phase change heat storage is mostly completed by adopting ice water or organic materials to absorb or release heat near the solid-liquid critical temperature. The phase-change heat storage can ensure the stability of the heat storage process, the constancy of the outlet temperature and the larger heat storage density, but the phase-change heat storage material has higher cost and complex system, and is not convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
The existing heat storage system is high in cost, limited in working temperature or poor in safety, and is inconvenient to popularize and apply in large-scale energy storage and heat storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity comprises an upper main pipeline, an upper air collecting cavity, a heat storage pipe, a lower air collecting cavity, a connecting pipe and a lower main pipeline; the heat storage pipes are distributed in parallel, and two adjacent heat storage pipes are communicated through a connecting pipe to form a heat storage pipe cluster; an upper air collecting cavity and a lower air collecting cavity are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat storage tube cluster, and the upper air collecting cavity and the lower air collecting cavity are communicated with the interior of the heat storage tube cluster; an upper main pipeline is arranged on the upper air collecting cavity, and a lower main pipeline is arranged on the lower air collecting cavity.
Further, the two ends of each heat storage pipe are respectively provided with a three-way valve, and the connection mode between the adjacent heat storage pipes is as follows: the lower end three-way valve of the first heat storage pipe is connected with the lower end three-way valve of the second heat storage pipe through a connecting pipe, and the upper end three-way valve of the second heat storage pipe is connected with the upper end three-way valve of the third heat storage pipe through a connecting pipe.
Further, the upper air collecting cavity and the lower air collecting cavity are connected to a three-way valve at the positions of the upper air collecting cavity and the lower air collecting cavity; the upper main pipe is arranged at the geometric center of the upper gas collecting cavity, and the lower main pipe is arranged at the geometric center of the lower gas collecting cavity.
Further, the heat storage pipe comprises a cobblestone heat storage section, an upper partition plate, a lower partition plate, an upper filter screen and a lower filter screen; the cobblestone heat storage section is a columnar sealing pipe body, an upper partition plate and an upper filter screen are arranged at the upper end in the cobblestone heat storage section from top to bottom, and a lower filter screen and a lower partition plate are arranged at the lower end in the cobblestone heat storage section from top to bottom; cobblestones are filled in the cobblestone heat storage section.
Furthermore, the diameter of the cobblestones is changed from large to small to large from top to bottom in the heat storage pipe, the diameter of the cobblestones at the minimum part of the middle diameter is not less than 1cm, the diameters of the cobblestones at the upper end and the lower end are not more than 10 cm.
Furthermore, a heat insulation cavity is sleeved on the outer side of the heat storage tube cluster, the heat insulation cavity is in a regular hexagonal prism shape, the cylindrical heat storage tubes are arranged in a staggered mode, and three adjacent heat storage tubes are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape; the spacing between the heat storage pipes is constant.
Furthermore, dry sand is filled between the heat storage pipes and the outer wall of the heat insulation cavity, and the diameter of the sand is not more than 2 mm.
Furthermore, the three-way valve is operated by an electric signal to control the outlet pipeline of the heat storage pipe to be switched between three states of being communicated with the gas collection cavity and the connecting pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the cobblestone heat storage system is low in price, short in construction period and low in maintenance cost. The heat storage material in the heat storage pipe is cobblestones or other stone materials with different diameters, the filling material of the heat insulation cavity is dry sand, the cobblestones and the sand are cheap and easy to obtain, the materials can be used locally, the transportation time of the materials is shortened, and the construction period is further shortened. The heat insulation cavity is integrally buried underground, and the side wall surface, the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface can be constructed by building materials such as cement and the like, so that the cost is low. The whole heat insulation cavity and the heat storage pipe have simple structures, few moving parts, good thermal stability and few easily-damaged parts, so the maintenance cost is low.
The cobblestone heat storage system has a good heat insulation effect. The filling material in the heat insulation cavity is dry sand with the diameter smaller than 2mm, a porous structure formed in the burying process by the dry sand is utilized, the filled sand can form a structure similar to aerogel, the heat conductivity coefficient of air is the lowest in the material in normal contact, the porous structure formed by accumulation of the dry sand limits the convection process of the air well, and therefore the heat insulation cavity formed by accumulation of the dry sand is good in heat insulation effect. And the periphery of the heat insulation and preservation cavity is added with heat insulation and waterproof materials, so that the heat preservation performance of the heat insulation and preservation cavity is further enhanced, and the adverse effect of water on the heat insulation and preservation effect of the heat preservation layer formed by stacking the dry sand is avoided.
The cobblestone heat storage system has the advantages of good heat storage effect, large heat exchange area and high heat exchange efficiency. The heat storage material in the heat storage pipe is cobblestones with different diameters, wherein the cobblestones with small diameters of 1cm are dominant. The process that cobblestones with the diameter of 1cm are stacked mutually can form a bent complex flow channel in the heat storage pipe, and the diameter of cobblestone particles is small, so the relative ratio surface area is large, the increase of the specific surface area is beneficial to improving the heat exchange performance of the heat accumulator, and the heat exchange effect is improved.
The cobblestone heat storage system has the advantages of large working temperature range, strong load variation capability and good adaptability. The heat storage material used in the invention is cobblestones, the main component of the cobblestones is silicon dioxide, the heat insulation material is sand, and the main component is silicon dioxide. The silica has good thermal stability, the melting point reaches 1480 ℃, and the reaction is not easy to occur, so the cobblestone is used as a heat storage material, and the dry sand is used as a heat insulation material, so the heat storage at high temperature can be realized. The cobblestone heat storage system is provided with a three-way valve at the outlet of each heat storage pipe, and the number of the heat storage pipes connected in series and in parallel can be flexibly adjusted according to the working temperature interval and the heat load. The maximum temperature which can be dealt with by increasing the number of the series pipes is high, so that the whole heat storage system has a wide working temperature range and strong variable load capacity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an inexpensive cobblestone thermal storage system with variable load capacity according to an example of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an inexpensive pebble thermal storage system having a variable load capacity according to an example of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a group formed by connecting 7 heat storage pipes of an inexpensive cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of the heat storage tube according to the example of the present invention.
In fig. 1 and 2: 1 is last trunk line, 2 is last air collecting cavity, 3 is last three-way valve, 4 is the heat accumulation pipe, 5 is thermal-insulated heat preservation chamber, 6 is the connecting pipe, 7 is lower three-way valve, 8 is air collecting cavity down, 9 is trunk line down. In fig. 4, 41 and 49 are respectively an upper partition plate and a lower partition plate, 42 and 48 are respectively an upper filter screen and a lower filter screen, and 43 is a cobblestone heat storage section. In fig. 3: 3C1,3C2, 3A1-3A6, 3B1-3B6 are all three-way valves.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, an inexpensive cobble heat storage system with variable load capacity includes an upper main pipe, an upper air collecting chamber, an upper control valve, an upper connecting pipe, a heat storage pipe, a lower connecting pipe, a lower control valve, a lower air collecting chamber, and a lower main pipe, which are connected in sequence to form a heat storage channel, and a peripheral heat insulation chamber.
The appearance of a peripheral heat insulation cavity is a hexagonal prism, a plurality of heat storage pipes are vertically placed in the heat insulation cavity, dry sand grains are filled between the heat storage pipes and a heat insulation pile, and a layer of heat insulation waterproof material is wrapped on the periphery of the heat insulation cavity;
the upper main pipeline, the upper air collecting cavity, the upper control valve, the heat storage pipe, the lower control valve and the lower air collecting cavity are connected to form a channel through which working media flow; the heat storage pipe is provided with an upper clapboard, an upper filter screen, cobblestones, a lower filter screen and a lower clapboard from top to bottom; the filter screen is formed by densely paving a plurality of layers of metal screens; the partition board is a circular flat plate and is provided with a plurality of cylindrical through holes;
the outlet of each heat storage pipe is connected with a three-way valve, one of the other two interfaces of the three-way valve is connected with the gas collection cavity, and the other one of the other interfaces of the three-way valve is connected with the three-way valve of the adjacent heat storage pipe through a connecting pipeline; the three-way valve is controlled by an electric signal to switch the three states of controlling the outlet pipeline of the heat storage pipe to be closed, communicated with the gas collection cavity and communicated with the connecting pipe;
the connecting pipe is connected with adjacent heat storage pipes, the first heat storage pipe is connected with the upper end of the second heat storage pipe, the second heat storage pipe is connected with the lower end of the third heat storage pipe, the third heat storage pipe is connected with the upper end of the fourth heat storage pipe, and all heat pipes in the whole heat preservation pile are connected in series in a mode of sequentially connecting.
Preferably, the peripheral heat insulation cavity is a regular hexagonal prism with a plurality of penetrating cylindrical through holes inside; the arrangement of the through holes adopts a staggered arrangement mode, and the center distance between the adjacent through holes is constant; the through holes are made of steel or other high-temperature-resistant materials, and dry sand grains with the diameter smaller than 2mm are used for filling the area between the outer wall surface of the hexagonal prism and the wall surface of the cylindrical through hole; the side wall surface and the upper and lower wall surfaces of the heat insulation cavity are wrapped by a layer of waterproof and heat insulation material.
Preferably, the cobblestones in the heat storage pipe are cobblestones with the diameter of 1 cm-10 cm; the heat storage pipe is divided into a plurality of layers from top to bottom, the diameters of the cobblestones are distributed from large to small to large, and the cobblestones with the smallest diameters are distributed with the largest thickness.
Preferably, the working mode among the plurality of heat storage pipes is controlled by a three-way valve. During heat storage, the connection of the outlets of the heat storage pipes is controlled by the electromagnetic valve along with the difference of the working interval and the heat load requirement, and a plurality of heat storage pipes are connected in series or in parallel for working. When the working temperature is high and the heat load is small, the heat storage tubes work in a mode of connecting a plurality of heat storage tanks in series, the on-way length of the heat storage tubes is increased, the heat exchange area of a working medium is increased, and the temperature of an outlet is ensured to reach the required range. When the working temperature is low but the heat load requirement is high, the flow can be increased and the flow resistance can be reduced by connecting a plurality of heat storage pipes in parallel, so that the requirement of large heat storage is met. When heat is released, the series connection and parallel connection modes of the heat storage pipes need to be reasonably arranged due to the difference of required heat and working intervals, but the temperature difference of different heat storage pipes needs to be reasonably considered when heat is released, and adjacent heat accumulators are reasonably connected in series according to the temperature gradient.
A heat storage process: air is assumed as a working medium, and the condition that a single heat storage pipe reaches thermal saturation is not considered in the short-time heat storage process. At the moment, hot air enters the lower air collecting cavity from the main pipeline below, the number of the heat storage pipes connected in series and in parallel is determined in advance according to the working temperature interval and the heat storage requirement, and the state of the corresponding three-way valve is adjusted according to the number of the heat storage pipes. Because the inlet of the hot air is arranged below and the outlet is arranged above, the number of the heat storage pipes connected in series can only be odd, and along the flow path of the working medium, in the 2n-1(n is more than 0) heat storage pipes, the hot air flows from bottom to top, and in the 2n heat storage pipes, the hot air flows from top to bottom. Finally, after passing through the odd heat storage tubes, the hot air is discharged from the upper part of the heat storage tubes. The air collecting cavity collects air discharged by a plurality of heat storage pipes working in parallel and finally discharges the air into the upper main pipeline.
In the long-time heat storage process, the situation that a single heat pipe is saturated with heat needs to be considered. Here we take the working mode of connecting 3 heat storage tubes in series as an example. Along with the proceeding of the heat storage process, the temperature of the cobblestones in the first heat storage pipe and the second heat storage pipe gradually rises, when the temperature of the cobblestones in the first heat storage pipe and the temperature of hot air are close, the first two heat storage pipes can not store more heat, the heat storage pipes which are to reach the thermal saturation state are connected to the heat storage channel continuously, and only the flow resistance is brought, at the moment, the heat storage pipes which are to reach the thermal saturation state need to be disconnected timely, the lower ends of the 3 rd heat pipes are used as inlets, the two heat pipes are connected in series in the outlets, and the working mode that the 3 heat storage pipes are connected in.
An exothermic process: and similarly, assuming that air is a working medium, at the moment, cold air enters the gas collecting cavity from the main pipeline above, determining the number of the heat storage pipes connected in series and in parallel according to the working temperature interval and the heat load requirement, and determining the state of the corresponding three-way valve. The cold air flows sequentially flow through the heat storage pipes connected in series from low to high in temperature, are heated and then are discharged into the gas collecting cavity at the lower end, and finally are discharged from the lower main pipe. In the long-time heating process, the condition that the first few heat outputs in the heat storage pipes connected in series are exhausted needs to be considered, and at the moment, the connection of the first two heat storage pipes needs to be disconnected. And two heat storage pipes with gradually increasing temperature are connected in series behind the third heat storage pipe.
The whole structure of the experimental system is buried underground, the underground soil is used for heat preservation, and meanwhile, the regular hexagonal heat insulation cavity 5 shown in the figures 1 and 2 is designed and filled with dry sand, so that the experimental system also has good heat insulation and preservation effects. A plurality of heat storage pipes 4 are vertically arranged in the heat insulation cavity 5, and cobbles for heat storage are arranged in the heat storage pipes 4. In the flowing process of air from top to bottom, the air firstly flows through the upper main pipeline 1, then enters the gas collecting cavity 2, then enters the heat storage pipe 4 which is opened in advance and corresponds to the three-way valve 3, then flows out of the heat storage pipe and passes through the lower three-way valve 7, then enters the lower gas collecting cavity 8, and finally is discharged through the lower main pipeline 9. The cheap cobble heat storage system with variable load capacity utilizes cobbles to store heat, utilizes dry sand grains to insulate heat, has good temperature adaptability and high temperature resistance, can use local materials, is cheap and easy to obtain, and has low construction cost. The medium formed by the accumulation of the dry sand is similar to the porous material, and wraps a large amount of air, so that the heat insulation effect is good; the cobblestones have large density and specific heat capacity, and the flow channel formed by the piled cobblestone particles has large heat exchange area, good heat exchange performance and strong heat storage capacity. The cheap cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity can be matched with an energy storage system to store heat, and is particularly suitable for an independent energy storage and heat storage system in a remote mountain area.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a cheap cobble heat storage system with variable load capacity, which comprises upper and lower main pipelines 1 and 9, upper and lower gas collecting cavities 2 and 8, upper and lower three-way valves 3 and 7, a heat storage pipe 4 and a heat insulation cavity 5. The three-way valves 3 and 7 at the two ends of each heat storage pipe 4 are connected with the adjacent heat storage pipes 4 through connecting pipes 6.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when the heat storage pipes 4 are connected to each other by the three-way valves 3 at both ends, the connection manner is: the lower three-way valve 3C2 of the first heat storage pipe 4 is connected with the lower three-way valve 3B6 of the second heat storage pipe 4, the upper three-way valve 3B5 of the second heat storage pipe 4 is connected with the upper three-way valve 3B4 of the third heat storage pipe 4, and all the heat storage pipes 4 in the whole heat insulation cavity 5 are connected in series in a way of sequentially connecting the first end to the first end and the tail to the tail.
Specifically, the three-way valve is controlled by an electric signal to control the heat storage pipe 4 to be closed at the outlet, communicated with the gas collecting cavities 3 and 7 and communicated with the connecting pipe 6.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner cylindrical portion of the single heat storage tube has upper and lower partitions 41,49 and upper and lower screens 42,48 at both ends thereof. The middle is a cobble heat storage section 43. The cobblestones in the cobblestone heat accumulation section 43 are distributed from top to bottom in the order from big to small and then big.
Specifically, because the heat storage material in the cobblestone heat storage system is cobblestone, the heat stability is good, and the heat exchange capability is strong, so the flowing medium of the heat storage system can be air, heat conduction oil or other fluids according to the difference of working intervals.
Based on the experimental system, in the heat storage process, according to the difference between the magnitude of the heat load and the temperature in the working interval, the working modes of the heat storage system are distinguished according to the mode of M × N, wherein N represents the number of the heat storage tubes 4 working in series, each N heat storage tubes form a complete channel, and M represents the number of the parallel complete channels:
1. when the heat storage system works in the mode of M1 (M > < 1), only 1 heat storage tube 4 is contained in each complete channel, and the M heat storage tubes work in parallel. During the heat storage process, hot air flows from the lower end of the system into the lower main duct 9 and then into the lower air collecting chamber 8. According to the working mode M1, the lower three-way valve 7 of the M heat storage pipes is opened in advance to be communicated with the lower air collecting cavity 8. The hot air entering the lower air collecting cavity 8 enters the lower part of the heat storage pipe 4 through the lower three-way valve 7, enters the cobble heat storage section 43 through the lower partition plate 49 and the lower filter screen 48 in the heat storage pipe, flows in the pores formed by the piled cobbles, is continuously taken away by the low-temperature cobbles, the temperature is gradually reduced to the preset temperature, then passes through the upper filter screen 42 and the upper partition plate 41, flows through the upper three-way valve 3, enters the upper air collecting cavity 2, and finally is discharged into the upper main pipe 1 after collecting the cold air discharged by the M heat storage pipes 4 working in parallel in the upper air collecting cavity 2;
2. when the heat storage system works in the mode of M N (M > -1, N >1), N heat storage tubes 4 are contained in each complete channel, and M complete channels work in parallel. Hot air enters from the lower end in the heat storage process and is discharged from the upper end; in the heat release process, cold air enters from the upper end and is discharged from the lower end, so the number N of the heat storage pipes 4 connected in series is an odd number. We will now refer to fig. 1 and 3 in conjunction with the description developed in fig. 3 by 2 x 3. After determining the 2 x 3 mode of operation, we need to adjust the state of the three-way valve. The first heat storage pipe from left to right is not closed, so the three-way valves 3C1 and 3C2 are closed. The second to fourth channels from left to right constitute a complete channel, and the fifth to seventh channels constitute a complete channel. Taking the second to the fourth complete channels as an example, we need to adjust the three-way valves 3B1,3B6 to be in communication with the gas collecting chamber, and adjust the three-way valves 3B2,3B3,3B4,3B5 to be in communication with the connecting pipes. At this time, during heat storage, hot air enters from the three-way valve 3B6 at the lower end of the second heat storage pipe 4, then enters from the upper three-way valve 3B5 of the second heat storage pipe to 3B4, then enters the upper end of the third heat storage pipe 4, flows from top to bottom through the third heat storage pipe, then enters the lower connecting pipe through the lower three-way valve 3B3, then enters the fourth heat storage pipe after entering 3B2, then enters the upper three-way valve 3B1 after flowing from bottom to top through the fourth heat storage pipe, is discharged into the upper air collection chamber 2, and then is discharged through the upper main pipe 1.
3. After the operation mode of the heat storage system M × N is determined, when the heat storage time of the heat storage system is long enough, the heat storage pipe 4 of the heat storage system may need to exit from the operation channel to be stored in a closed manner. Taking fig. 3 as an example, the working mode in the figure is 1 × 3, that is, the second heat pipe to the fourth heat pipe on the left side are connected in series to form a complete working channel, and the rest heat storage pipes are closed and do not participate in heat storage. At this time, the hot air enters from the lower three-way valve 3B6 of the second heat storage pipe 4 on the left side, and then flows through the second heat storage pipe 4, the upper three-way valve 3B5, the connection pipe 6, the upper three-way valve 3B4, the third heat storage pipe 4, the lower three-way valve 3B3, the connection pipe 6, the lower three-way valve 3B2, the fourth heat storage pipe 4, and the upper three-way valve 3B1 in sequence, and is discharged into the upper air collecting chamber 2, and then is collected and enters the upper main pipe 1. After long-time heat storage, cobbles in the second heat storage pipe 6 and the third heat storage pipe 6 from left to right are close to the heat storage temperature, namely the heat storage capacity of the first two heat storage pipes in the complete working channel is close to saturation. In order to reduce the flow resistance, increase the heat storage capacity and preserve the exchanged heat, the three-way valves 3B6,3B5,3B4 and 3B3 are closed, the lower three-way valve 3B2 is adjusted to be communicated with the lower air collecting cavity, the three-way valves 3B1,3A1,3A2 and 3A3 are adjusted to be communicated with connecting pipes, the upper three-way valve 3A4 is adjusted to be the same as the upper air collecting cavity 2, and a group of complete working channels formed by connecting 3 heat storage pipes in series is formed again. At this time, the hot air enters from the lower three-way valve 3B2 of the fourth heat storage pipe 4 on the left side, and then sequentially flows through the fifth heat storage pipe 4, the upper three-way valve 3B1, the connecting pipe 6, the upper three-way valve 3a1, the third heat storage pipe 4, the lower three-way valve 3a2, the connecting pipe 6, the lower three-way valve 3A3, the fourth heat storage pipe 4, the upper three-way valve 3a4, is discharged into the upper air collecting cavity 2, and enters the upper main pipe 1 after being collected.
Claims (8)
1. A cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity is characterized by comprising an upper main pipeline (1), an upper air collecting cavity (2), heat storage pipes (4), a lower air collecting cavity (8), connecting pipes (6) and a lower main pipeline (9); a plurality of heat storage pipes (4) are distributed in parallel, and two adjacent heat storage pipes (4) are communicated through a connecting pipe (6) to form a heat storage pipe cluster; an upper air collecting cavity (2) and a lower air collecting cavity (8) are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat storage tube cluster, and the upper air collecting cavity (2) and the lower air collecting cavity (8) are communicated with the interior of the heat storage tube cluster; an upper main pipeline (1) is arranged on the upper air collecting cavity (2), and a lower main pipeline (9) is arranged on the lower air collecting cavity (8).
2. A cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity according to claim 1, wherein a three-way valve (3) is respectively arranged at two ends of each heat storage pipe (4), and the connection pipes (6) between the adjacent heat storage pipes (4) are connected in a way that: the lower end three-way valve of the first heat storage pipe (4) is connected with the lower end three-way valve of the second heat storage pipe (4) through a connecting pipe (6), and the upper end three-way valve of the second heat storage pipe (4) is connected with the upper end three-way valve of the third heat storage pipe (4) through the connecting pipe (6).
3. A cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity according to claim 1, characterized by the upper and lower air-collecting chambers (2, 8) being connected to a three-way valve (3) where they are located; the upper main pipe (1) is arranged at the geometric center of the upper gas collecting cavity (2), and the lower main pipe (9) is arranged at the geometric center of the lower gas collecting cavity (8).
4. A cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage pipe (4) comprises a cobblestone heat storage section (43), an upper partition (41), a lower partition (49), an upper screen (42) and a lower screen (48); the cobblestone heat storage section (43) is a columnar sealed pipe body, an upper partition plate (41) and an upper filter screen (42) are arranged at the upper end inside the cobblestone heat storage section (43) from top to bottom, and an upper filter screen (42) and a lower partition plate (49) are arranged at the lower end inside the cobblestone heat storage section (43) from top to bottom; cobblestones are filled in the cobblestone heat storage section (43).
5. A cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity as claimed in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the cobblestones is from top to bottom in the heat storage tube, the diameter of the cobblestones is from small to large, the diameter of the cobblestones at the smallest diameter part of the middle part is not less than 1cm, the diameter of the cobblestones at the largest parts of the top and bottom ends is not more than 10 cm.
6. The cobblestone heat storage system with the variable load capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat storage tube bundle is sleeved with a heat insulation cavity (5), the heat insulation cavity (5) is in a regular hexagonal prism shape, the cylindrical heat storage tubes (4) are arranged in a staggered manner, and three adjacent heat storage tubes (4) are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape; the distance between the heat storage pipes (4) is constant.
7. A cobble heat storage system with variable load capacity according to claim 6, characterized in that the space between the heat storage pipes (4) and between the heat storage pipes and the outer wall of the heat insulating and preserving chamber (5) is filled with dry sand, the diameter of which is not more than 2 mm.
8. A cobble heat storage system with variable load capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-way valve (3) is operated by an electric signal to control the switching of the outlet pipe of the heat storage pipe (4) between the closed state, the state of communication with the gas collection chamber and the state of communication with the connecting pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110034733.7A CN112923763A (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | Cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity |
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| CN202110034733.7A CN112923763A (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | Cobblestone heat storage system with variable load capacity |
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