AT504453A1 - SOLID FUEL WORKING UNIT WITH IMPROVED EFFICIENCY - Google Patents

Description

PATENT OFFICERS *: · * ···

DIPL.-ING. WALTER WOODEN DIPL-ING. OTTO PFEIFER DIPL.-ING. DR. TECHN. ELISABETH SCHOBER

A-1010 VIENNA, SCHOTTENRING 16, BÖRSEGEBÄUDE

The invention relates to a solid fuel, in particular wood pellet, working heater.

In particular, the invention relates to a water heater and solid fuel, in particular wood pellet, operating stove, which is more efficient than the conventional solutions, because of a quick and easy to use cleaning system and an effective system to prevent condensation are provided. It is also possible to install in the oven a hot water tank with integrated electrical resistance.

At present, the use of electric heaters, especially with Holzpellet working ovens or heaters is spreading more and more, because it is a novel, extremely functional, economical and environmentally friendly heating system.

Such ovens do not use ordinary pieces of wood, but tiny prestressed products (pellets), which are made with waste and small parts of the best wood, have virtually no moisture and have a very high calorific value.

Such ovens also operate independently and have an intelligent control system that includes an electronic controller that guides the oven by controlling its firing power and directing the required amount of pellet into the combustion chamber.

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The easy-to-install pellet stoves only need an exhaust pipe and an external air intake opening in case the stove is installed in premises where there is no adequate air return. Finally, a front-side grate ensures optimum diffusion of the warm air, which enables a rapid and effective heat distribution by means of a tangential fan.

The loading of the furnace with the pellet is usually carried out via an upper container and on the side of the hearth are still one or more interiors with or without drawer provided for collecting the ash. The user can then automatically switch on the oven and adjust the heat output via a control panel that can also be operated remotely using a remote control. The user can set the desired temperature using a built-in room temperature controller. It is also possible to use an oven-installed timer with a timer that allows the user to program weekly on and off and oven temperature.

Attention has been drawn to the fact that the current pellet stoves are completely designed to provide heat output by using wood pellets as fuel. These ovens are also equipped with aspirators and fans, which allow the circulation of primary and secondary air flows and ensure the effective removal of the exhaust gases.

However, the conventional, with solid fuel, especially with wood pellet working stoves still have serious disadvantages. ·········· ·· «* · I ····· -3-

For example, if the heating circuit is cold in the initial ignition stage and the fuel circulates all the way inside the unit, it takes quite a long time for the heater to reach a minimum temperature at which no condensation will form.

In fact, the formation of condensation on the cold walls of the appliance during the initial firing stage is the major problem of the stoves, especially the solid fuel stoves, because the water tends to mix with ash and volatiles accumulate at the distances traveled by the exhaust gas and at the exchanger, creating a connection with a tar-like physical and organoleptic structure which is very difficult to remove and can only be removed with the help of special tools.

This compound is also corrosive and therefore extremely damaging to the walls of the appliance, to the adjacent electrical and / or electronic components and to the floor on which the appliance is placed, in particular if it is a soil susceptible to damage.

The invention is therefore based primarily on the object to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above and in particular to provide a solid fuel heater, in which the formation of condensation on the cold walls of the device during the initial firing stage and the associated formation of tarry Avoid compounds which are difficult to remove, consist of a mixture of water and volatile powder, accumulate on the faces of the flues and on the exchanger and are responsible for the failure of the stove and pose a potential danger of

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Exhaust gas escapes into the environment and / or hot run individual components of the device.

The invention is further based on the object to provide a solid fuel, especially with wood pellet, working, more powerful heater that offers the user a maximum of security and extremely versatile in use, since his boiler produced by the modular principle is capable of to automatically adapt to the conditions of the existing plant.

It is another object of the invention to provide a solid fuel heater that is more efficient and easier to clean than conventional solid fuel systems.

The invention is also based on the object to provide a working with solid fuel, more efficient heater, which provides the highest level of reliability and at the same time meets the work and electrical safety requirements in general.

Finally, the invention is still based on the object to provide a working with solid fuel, more efficient heater in which the usually required installation of an additional, provided with at least one electrically or gas-hot bath hot water storage system can be avoided to the To cover hot water demand during the summer time when the appliance is almost never switched on for heating purposes. 99 t • · • • • • • · · · # 9 * * ι ··· 9 -5-

These and other objects are achieved according to the invention by a working with solid fuel heater, in particular by working with wood pellet, more efficient heating furnace according to claim 1.

Further features of the invention are also claimed in the subsequent claims.

The solid fuel, in particular wood pellet, water pelletizing, electric, and electrically operable firing furnace of the present invention utilizes an effective system to prevent the formation of condensation on the cold equipment walls during the initial firing stage and thereby the formation of tar-like joints to avoid, consisting of a mixture of water and ash and / or volatile dust.

The stove according to the invention also has an equally effective cleaning system, which is extremely easier and faster for the user than in the conventional, solid fuel plants. Namely, the ashes contained in the drawer can be removed once a month, and practical outer actuators can remove the ash and the fugitive dust accumulated on the inner surfaces of the exhaust path.

There is also complete exhaust heat recovery to the exhaust gas outlet and therefore a large range of operation over the conventional solid fuel systems, thanks to the particular design of the "Lu" shaped housing which adapts to the distance traveled by the exhaust gas.

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Thanks to the ability of the modular boiler to adapt to the conditions of the existing plant, it is finally possible to install the stove in a boiler room or in a living room and to integrate it into an existing system that also works with solar collectors (photoelectric) ,

In preferred embodiments of the invention, a hot water tank also operating with electrical resistance is integrated in the heating furnace in order to cover the hot water requirement during the summer time without switching on the kiln burner. It is possible to provide the function of three independent systems: only heating, heating with bath hot water tank with internal storage or heating with design for external storage.

Further features and advantages of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which is a preferred

Embodiment of the present invention, working with solid fuel, more powerful heater, for example, and not limiting. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a heating device operating in accordance with the invention with solid fuel, in particular with wood pellet;

Figures 2 and 3 are partial perspective and partially broken views of the solid fuel higher efficiency heater of the present invention, and FIG.

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Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the hydraulic system of the invention working with solid fuel, more powerful heater.

It will be appreciated from the beginning that while the following description and appended drawings refer to a solid fuel heater, and more particularly to an electric pellet stove, the basic idea of the invention is readily applicable to any other type of heater which uses one or more solid fuels.

In the figures, an outer housing of the heater, in particular of the invention working with solid fuel stovepot, designated as a whole with 10, wherein some parts of the outer housing depending on the selected embodiment of the same can be made of ceramic.

As in already known embodiments, the heating furnace in question comprises a base or base 11, which stands on the floor where the furnace is placed, and a shaped frame 12 having a front, via a knob 23 detachable front panel 13 is provided, on whose lower surface a door to the hearth 251 (Figure 4) leading 14 is formed, which has a handle 15 and a peep window 16.

On the frame 12 are also a door 17, which facilitates the removal of an inner drawer 26 for collecting the ashes, two side plates 18 (one of which is visible in Figure 1), a back (not shown in the drawing) and a head side formed, the is closed by an upper cover plate 19, on which an electronic control panel 20 is arranged, which can serve the user for the required settings. i • »

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On the upper cover plate 19 are also a flap 21 for access to an upper container, which is fed with the used for operation of the stove as a solid fuel wood material (pellet), and a series of knobs 22, 23 for operation and actuation of corresponding rods or "Combing" to remove the volatile ash accumulating, in particular, on the surfaces of the stretches covered by the exhaust gas.

The loading of the container with pellet or other wood material can also be done more easily and quickly by a valve arranged on the top or on the front side of the chimney.

As already mentioned, an electronic control panel 20 is disposed on the upper cover plate 19, which may also be remotely controlled by the user to automatically turn on the oven and adjust the heating power, with the user setting the desired temperature via a built-in temperature sensor provided with temperature sensor can choose. A temperature controller with timer can also be provided in the oven so that the user can program the switching on and off as well as the temperature for predetermined and desired time periods.

The side plates 18, the front 13, the back 25 and the top cover 19 of the housing 10 are attached to a further inner housing 27 which is designed accordingly and made of metal, for example of iron, while the base or base 11 feet for Pad can be provided on the ground.

In addition, a support (not shown in the drawings) for an electronic card can be provided in the inner housing 27 made of iron, which has an I "

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Microprocessor containing temperature controller with timer and the control circuits of the oven. The whole is then electrically connected to a terminal board in which ends the feed cable of the furnace, which is connected to a (not shown in the drawings) starting resistor.

The provided in the region of a shaped bottom of the oven rear side, the space 25 of the hearth 251 and the crucible 31 adjacent exhaust discharge line 24 is connected to another curved line 30, in the foot part of the shell 28 of the screw of a fan 29 is inserted through a corresponding engine driven and expedient angeiossen to a corresponding exhaust pressure monitor.

The hearth 251 (see Figures 3 and 4) disposed in a combustion chamber or vessel 34 and delimited by respective side walls, a top wall and a central wall of cast iron may or may not have a flame, while above it one or more heat exchangers, a fan heater and an air intake filter are arranged.

As already mentioned, according to the invention a plurality of rods are provided, which are connected to corresponding ridges and can be actuated externally via corresponding knobs 22 in order to avoid the accumulation of volatile dust on the surfaces 32 of the path covered by the exhaust gas and of the exchanger. In particular, three combs are provided, one comb for each side of the distance covered by the exhaust gas, which the user can manually manipulate at predetermined time intervals, so that the accumulated ashes become lighter

Can be removed without having to remove the internal parts of the heater.

A first end comb, which can be operated by the user with the knob 22 and connected to a corresponding rod, is displaced with a horizontal movement, so that during operation accumulated ash and dust in the upper region of the heater are scraped off. Similarly, a second rear comb is moved by the user who actuates a corresponding knob connected to a rod (not shown in the drawing) with a horizontal movement, this comb being in a vertical position with the ash and the accumulated dust scraped in the rear of the heater.

Thus fall on operation of the front and the rear comb, the ash and the accumulated dust back down in the direction of the crucible 31 side of the surfaces 32 from.

There is also provided a third upper comb, which is connected to the knob 33 and to a corresponding operating rod, by means of which the comb is displaced with a vertical movement, thereby causing the ash and the dust accumulated in the front to fall downwards.

These simple movements can significantly reduce the frequency with which the entire distance covered by the exhaust gas has to be sucked off and cleaned, and, since the area 32 of the exhaust gas remains clean, the efficiency of the heater never drops. • Φ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

The removal of the amount of ash and volatile dust accumulating on the surfaces of the exhaust gas path and the exchanger during operation of the heating furnace contributes to a decrease in the formation of condensation, which is one of the major disadvantages of conventional solid fuel stoves represents.

Namely, in the initial firing stage, the heating circuit is cold and, in order to prevent the formation of condensation, the water should circulate within the apparatus along its entire length. On the other hand, it would take much too long in this case, until the oven is brought to a minimum level of heating temperature.

Moreover, the formation of condensed water is a considerable problem because, especially with solid fuel stoves, it tends to mix with the ash and volatiles to form a block that is difficult and only with Get help from special tools. The material thus formed is also corrosive and therefore extremely damaging to the walls of the device, for the adjacent electrical components and for the soil on which the device is placed, especially if it is a damage-prone ground.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, an inner circle is provided in the device in order to considerably reduce the length of the heating circuit of a room, such as a living room.

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4 and 5, which illustrate the hydraulic circuit of the heating device according to the invention in detail, the inner circle mentioned has a boiler 34 which is equipped with a boiler 34 • • • • • * • * • ♦ • • • • • • ··· ♦ • • ···· -12-

Expansion vessel 48 is connected, in which flows over the contained in the space 25 of the furnace hearth 251 water to be heated, and a continuously operating recirculation pump 35 which is disposed between the emerging from the boiler 34 line 36 and the line 37 which in a compensating or mixing vessel 38 enters, which is provided with a vent valve 39, an outlet valve 40, a sealed safety lock 41 and a flow regulator 42.

In balancing or mixing vessel 38 ends a pressure line 43 to the existing installation of the radiator 44, provided with a shut-off valve 46 line 45 for charging and pressure maintenance of the boiler 34 and a return line 49, with the pump 50 of the system, the radiator 44 and from here is connected to the return 51 of the system.

The line 45 is connected via a shut-off valve 58 with a pressure gauge with pressure equalizer 60.

The pump 50 of the system starts operating when a certain temperature is reached, which depends on the value of the temperature reached inside the boiler 34 and on the temperature value set by the user at the temperature controller.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the water circulating in the installation of the radiator 44 (outer heating circuit) never directly comes into contact with the exchanger immersed in the combustion circuit containing the boiler 34, but is led via the line 49 into the outer expansion tank 38, which connects the inner circle with the housing circle and in which the coming of the boiler 34 water is mixed with the coming of the installation of the radiator 44 water. # · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·.

Together with the provided between the boiler 34 and the surge tank 38 return pump 35, this particular arrangement allows to heat the water contained in the boiler 34 in a short time and thereby to limit the formation of condensation to a minimum.

Namely, after the inner circle has been brought to a predetermined temperature value, the pump 50 of the system automatically opens the radiator system (housing circle). Under these circumstances, however, condensation no longer forms because the exchange surfaces already have sufficiently high temperature values.

Finally, preferred embodiments of the invention still see the use of an already designed on the heater hot water spout. Because of this, one is not forced to use an additional, with at least one electrically or gas-operated hot water tank or with a bath-gas boiler system to cover the hot water demand during the summer time when the heater is almost never turned on for heating purposes.

In this context, it is provided to incorporate into the structure of the heater, a hot water tank 52 with built-in resistance, which supplies the bath hot water via a line 53 without having to turn on the heater. The hot water tank 52 is connected via the coming of the expansion tank 38 inlet pipe 54 with the inner circle of the heater described above, and, via a filter 56 and possibly a softening device 57, a permanent withdrawal of water from the water supply network 47 through the line 55 granted to the shut-off valves 58th , a check valve 59 and an outlet valve 61 of the system are connected. • 9 9 9 9 9 • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 99 99 9 9 9 9 9 -14-

The emerging from the hot water tank 52 line 62 terminates in a three-way valve 63, to which the pressure line 64 connected to the return line 49 of the system of radiators 44 pump 50, the inlet line to the expansion tank 38 and the return line of the system 51 are performed.

By connected to a temperature control three-way valve 63, it is possible to lead the whole amount of hot water to the memory 52 when the hot water tap 65 is turned on in the bathroom. In this case, the temperature controller gives the consent that the bath water delivery is given priority.

Practically brings in winter, the heater contained in the hot water tank 52 water to the desired temperature by using the pellet as fuel and, after switching on the device, the inner circle reaches the factory preset by the manufacturer Temperatunwert, then the water contained in the hot water tank 52 on the user selected temperature value and then the Raumheizkreis is opened and the hot water is fed to the existing installation of the radiator 44.

Is taken from a tap 65 bath hot water, so stored in the hot water tank 52 warm water supply begins to drain and in the meantime the fire of the hearth 251 of the combustion chamber is fanned to immediately supply new hot water.

In summer or in the seasons, where the stove does not need to be fed with pellets, the electrical resistance inside the hot water storage tank 52 (temperature controlled according to the needs of the user) becomes effective to heat the water contained therein. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • + * 90 • • -15- so that no additional externally mounted heater is required to supply the bath with hot water to deliver.

By the electronic control panel 20 of the stove, which is used for switching on and off of the device, which can also be automatically and possibly remotely controlled, it is also possible to set the temperature of the boiler 34 and display the temperature of the hot water tank 52 and the exhaust gas and to display the pressure in the boiler 34, also to automatically set and display the heating value of the stove, to control the exhaust fume hood, to set and display the program number of the pellet feed, to change the summer / winter operating conditions and / or to change the parameters.

The tempering of the stove is followed by an ignition stage, which causes the ignition resistance to take effect. After switching on, one turns

Flame-holding stage, after which the boiler 34 follows the program sequence set by the user. During operation, a cleaning level of the hearth 251 may be specified with an automatic setting displayed on the display of the control panel 20, and upon reaching the temperature set for the boiler 34, the viewer will display a predetermined message and turn off the oven. The oven can also be switched off manually via a push button or automatically when the time preset by the user on a corresponding clock is reached.

From the foregoing description, the properties and therefore the advantages of the invention, with solid fuel, in particular with wood pellet, working heater clearly outlined. I i i l i 1 1 • • • 0 0 0 • • • 0 0 0 • • • 0 0 0 0 • • • 0 0 0 0 ·· · ♦ 0 0 0 -16-

The heater according to the invention offers in particular the following advantages: the boiler produced according to the modular principle is able to adapt automatically to the conditions of the existing system; it is possible to prevent the initial formation of condensation on the cold walls of the appliance in order to avoid the formation of tarry compounds consisting of a mixture of water and dust; - Cleaning is easier than with conventional solid fuel systems, as the ash collected in the drawer can be removed at least once a month and removing the ash from the surfaces of the distance traveled by the exhaust over practical, on the outside of the furnace provided rule elements is grantedititet; - The "L'-shaped configuration of thereby adapting to the distance traveled by the exhaust line housing allows complete heat recovery; the functional range is much greater than that of conventional solid fuel systems; - It can possibly be installed working also with electrical resistance hot water tank to have bath hot water available, even without the stove burner (for example, in summer) to turn; - Three operating modes can be provided: only heating, heating with bath hot water with internal storage or heating with design for external storage; - the appliance can be placed in a boiler room and / or in a living room; • the device can be integrated into an existing system that also works with solar collectors; • switching on and operation are automatic and / or programmable, and................. while working with both pellet and resistance.

Finally, it is clear that numerous changes and variants can be provided for the heater according to the invention, all of which are within the scope of the invention and it is also clear that in the practice of the invention, depending on the requirements of any materials and shapes and dimensions for the application be replaced by other technically equivalent measures.

Claims (10)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Solid fuel heater, particularly wood pellet heater having improved performance and automatic and / or programmable start-up and operation, having at least one combustion chamber (34) connected to an expansion vessel (48) and into which water flows is heated by the at least one hearth (251) coming heat, which is connected to the supply network and is supplied with the solid fuel, characterized in that the combustion chamber (34) via at least one return pump (35) with a balancing or mixing element (38) is connected, in which at least one pressure line (43) to an existing heating system and at least one coming from the heating return line (49, 51) terminate, wherein at the return line (49, 51) at least one pump (50) for automatic Opening the heating system is connected, which is on reaching a predetermined temperature in operation puts. 2. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that in the compensating or Mischeiement (38) from the combustion chamber (34) coming water mixed with the coming of the heating water, so that the combustion chamber in the (34) contained water heated rapidly and thereby the formation of condensation can be kept to a minimum. A heater according to claim 1, characterized in that a pedestal or underframe (11) lying on the floor where the appliance is installed and a shaped frame (12) are provided having a front panel (13), On the lower surface of which leads to the hearth (251) • · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Door (14) having a handle (15) and a peep window (16), the frame (12) further comprising at least one space for extracting at least one drawer (26) for catching the ash, Holding plates (18) and at least one cover plate (19) on which an electronic control panel (20) can be arranged for the required settings, and which provides access to an upper container for loading with the solid fuel. 4. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the above a crucible (31) arranged hearth (251) of a Abgasabfuhrleitung (24) is adjacent, which in turn is connected to a further, curved line (30), in the foot part of the screw Fan (29) is used, which is driven by a corresponding motor and conveniently connected to a corresponding exhaust pressure monitor. 5. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that above the hearth (251) at least one heat exchanger, at least one fan heater and at least one air intake filter are arranged. 6. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the application of a plurality of rods is provided, which are connected to corresponding ridges and can be actuated via corresponding knobs (22) from the outside to the distance traveled by the exhaust gas and / or the exchanger remove accumulated ash and dust and lead down towards the bottom of the device. 7. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuously operating return pump (35) between a first of the • · · * • · · · · · · · · · · · ····· Combustion chamber (34) leaving line (36) and a second line (37) is arranged, which enters the Ausgleicheiement (38). 8. A heater according to claim 1, characterized in that in the structure of the heater, a hot water tank (52) is built with built-in resistance, which provides the bath hot water via a special line (53), without having to turn on the fireplace (251) , wherein the hot water tank (52) via an inlet line (54) with the compensating element (38) is connected and suitable for water extraction from the water supply network (47). 9. A heater according to claim 8, characterized in that the hot water tank (52) has at least one of the same exiting line (62) terminating in a valve (63), to which at least one pressure line (64) of the pump (50) Heating system and a return line (51) of the heating system are guided, whereby it is possible through the connected with a temperature controller valve (63) to lead the whole amount of hot water to the memory (52), if at least one bath hot water faucet (65) of the plant is turned on. 10. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the device can be placed in a boiler room and / or in a living room and / or integrated in an existing, for example, working with solar systems.