AT401786B - Building elements of lightweight timber-rail construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of prefabricated wall elements for constructing residential buildings, use being made, as heat-insulating materials, of mineral- bound agricultural and forestry by-products such as wood chippings, chopped straw and the like. A timber-rail structure 5 is provided on both sides with a diagonal batten arrangement 4, 7 which, on the one hand, serves for reinforcing the structure and, on the other hand, allows the inner and outer coverings to be fastened. By virtue of the insulating materials 6, which are mixed with a mineral binder and are introduced in the damp state, the exterior-rendering layers 1, the heat- insulating layer 6 and the diagonal batten arrangement on the inside 7 are connected to one another in a joint-free manner. <IMAGE>

Description

AT 401 786 B

The invention relates to a prefabricated wall element for the production of residential houses, consisting of an outer plaster layer, a supporting structure and a thermal insulation layer.

State of the art is the production of such elements in complete house fronts or parts thereof.

The production is usually carried out in assembly halls at the manufacturer, but also on site at the building site of the consumer.

The statics are accomplished by a wooden construction, whereby various wooden connections are used. These constructions are then planked on both sides, the resulting cavities being filled with heat-insulating mats, plates or flakes. However, processes are also known in which the properties of organic materials (e.g. fire behavior, rotability) are adapted to the different building codes by means of special admixtures.

The planking is carried out using boards or boards, which in turn should meet the prescribed fire behavior requirements. For several years now, thermal insulation panels have been glued on the outside, these have been provided with a leveled-up reinforcement and finished with a more or less strong layer of plaster and paint.

The present invention has set itself the goal: a) to replace the almost exclusively synthetically produced insulation materials with those made from waste produced in agriculture and forestry. b) To achieve a vapor-permeable wall structure by arranging the various layers in the correct physics. c) to save valuable raw material by processing techniques according to the invention and to fall below the usual manufacturing costs by a simple but high degree of prefabrication.

According to the invention, this aim is achieved in that the outer plaster layer, the supporting structure and the thermal insulation layer are connected to one another with a mineral binder.

A multi-layer structure made of glued and / or nailed boards is made from solid wood instead of one. A sensibly produced board assembly enables a low-torsion, dimensionally stable construction that can be adapted to any planning.

On the outside, diagonal battens are added to support the stability of the multi-layer supporting structure.

Reinforcing grids or braids in single or double or multiple designs are now attached to these. Reinforcement made of metal, synthetic materials or organic materials can be used according to the invention, but fabrics made of organic materials are preferred.

Then the rough construction is turned over, with a reinforcement lying down. A thin amount of mortar is now poured in the amount that is sufficient to fill the voids between the reinforcement materials and to be slightly (for special requirements also protruding). When set, this results in an ideal putty base.

By varying the aggregates of the underlayer, a light or heavier wall element is created, or to improve the sound insulation.

The cavities of the construction are now filled with a mixture of wood shavings or chopped straw, reeds or tree bark and a mineral binding agent, preferably magnesia causester. When set, this creates a firm connection from the exterior plaster to the end on the room side.

A slightly vapor-retardant paper layer behind the wall cladding on the room side results in an excellent indoor climate.

By selecting appropriate dimensions of the battens, any thickness of thermal insulation can be achieved without having to change the structurally necessary supporting structure. In this way, compared to conventional construction methods, wood of the construction is saved and only &quot; waste &quot; used.

The corner connections are made using a solid post of the same dimensions as the construction. A corner insulation element developed according to the invention gives the building a significant appearance, but can be invisible if necessary, i.e. plastered in.

To improve the tightness of the corners and the air flow in the room, it is recommended to install prefabricated grooves, which according to the invention are flexible, made of organic materials and adapted to the corresponding wall cladding. 2nd

Claims (3)

AT 401 786 B To illustrate the invention, this is shown in 2 figures. FIG. 1 shows in cross section the detail of a house element according to the invention in the finished state. After installation on site, the external plaster (1) is applied to the horizontally mounted reed fabric (2), which is connected to the reed fabric (3) mounted vertically on the diagonal battens (4) by a layer of mortar and forms the plaster base. The mineral-bound insulation layer (6) according to the invention fills the cavities between the individual diagonal battens (4) and (7) as well as the spaces formed by the load-bearing wooden structure (5), which means that, when the insulation layer is applied wet, a seamless one in the set state Connection between external plaster (1) and diagonal battens inside (7) is achieved. The resin oil paper (8) attached between the inner lining (9) and the diagonal battens inside (7) has the function of a wind and steam brake. In Figure 2, the individual manufacturing steps are shown in perspective. The diagonal battens on the outside (4) are nailed onto the frame structure (5), which thereby assumes the functions of stiffening the wind and fastening the reed fabrics (2) and (3) serving as plaster reinforcement. The diagonal battens inside (7), as can be seen in the figure, are nailed transversely to the diagonal battens outside (4) and carry the paper web (8) and the inner lining (9). 1. Prefabricated wall element for the production of residential houses, consisting of an outer plaster layer, a support structure and a heat insulation layer, characterized in that the outer plaster layer (1), the support structure (5) and the heat insulation layer (6) are connected to one another with a mineral binder ( Fig. 1,2). 2. Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal barrier coating (6) used is made from wood shavings or chopped planter fibers which are connected to one another with a mineral binder. 3. Wall element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting structure (5) has a diagonal battens (4, 7) for the purpose of stiffening. Including 2 sheets of drawings 3