AT11689U1 - CLAY FIBER PREMIXTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention, a premix is provided for later production of building materials, plasters, paints or the like of unfired clay and / or clay and fibers. With such a premix, fiber states and properties can be obtained that are useful in a one-step blending process, i. when contacting clay and / or clay with fibers in the direct production of e.g. In addition, the premix according to the invention can be used for the industrial production of building material mixes, plasters and paints, using e.g. Building material mixtures with different novel properties allows and / or enhances existing properties.

Description

Austrian Patent Office AT 11 689 U1 2011-03-15

Description: The invention relates to a premix for the later production of end products such as building materials, plasters, paints or the like.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing an end product, such as building materials, paints, plasters or the like.

In addition, the invention relates to uses of a premix.

A building material mixture of unfired clay and / or clay, of fibers and other additives and a method for producing such a building material mixture is known from EP 0 903 328 B1. According to EP 0 903 328 B1, the building material is produced by mixing clay and / or clay, fibers and other additives in a single-stage mixing process to form the building material. A disadvantage of this single-stage mixing process, in which fibers and loam and / or clay are mixed together in the direct production of building materials, is that the fibers can be used only in a certain state and with certain properties for the production of the building material. According to the teaching of EP 0 903 328 B1 only fibers in the order of 5 to 15 mm can be used.

The size of the fibers and their properties have a direct effect on the properties of the building material. Since the fibers could previously only be used in limited possible states, subsequently only the resulting building materials with correspondingly limited possible properties could be obtained.

The same problem occurs equally in the manufacture of paints, plasters or the like.

The invention is based on the object to provide a premix of the type mentioned, with the widest possible range of properties of the building material due to the fibers used can be achieved.

Since the invention can also be applied to paints, plasters or the like, it is also an object of the invention to be able to obtain the widest possible range of properties of paints, plasters or the like due to the fibers used.

This object is achieved according to the invention with a premix, which has the features of claim 1.

Furthermore, this object is achieved with a method having the features of claim 13.

Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention are subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a premix (also called premix) is provided for a later production of building materials, plasters, paints or the like of unfired clay and / or clay and fibers. With such a premix, fiber states and properties can be obtained that are useful in a one-step blending process, i. when contacting clay and / or clay with fibers in the direct production of e.g. Building materials, can not be achieved. By appropriate storage and stockpiling of the premix a variety of building materials, paints, plasters or the like can be made immediately and flexibly at a later date depending on the requirements.

Furthermore, the premix according to the invention can be used for the industrial production of building material mixtures, plasters and paints, using e.g. Building material mixtures with different novel properties allows and / or enhances existing properties. In the further processing to the final product further materials, especially sand and water, can be added and mixed with the premix. Natural building materials often have a predominantly proportion by weight (eg, above 80) of sand, which is why the production of natural building materials then takes place either in the vicinity of a large amount of sand or a complex Transport of sand conditions. Since just no sand is absolutely necessary for the production of the premix according to the invention, the premixing can take place independently of logistical problems relating to sand processing.

In contrast to the known single-stage mixing method in which problems are often encountered in the mixer, e.g. in terms of homogeneity, which have a direct effect on the quality of the building material, occurred in practical experiments in the addition of the premix of the invention (which may optionally be added as a concentrate) no more such problems. The further processing of the premix to the final product was carried out without the difficulties otherwise encountered in practice.

In particular, the fibers may have a length of 1 pm to 200 mm. For example, within the scope of the invention, the fibers may be introduced into the premix with an already small order or may be comminuted only during the mixing with loam and / or clay during the preparation of the premix.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, vegetable fibers, preferably purely biogenic natural fibers (in particular Typha, hemp, flax, kenaf, nettle or similar biogenic fibers) are used. In the context of the invention, further possible fillers such as starch, corn kernels, straw, reeds, silicic acid, mineral substances or animal hair can be added to the premix.

Advantageously, certain fibers swell by admixture of dispersing aids. The fibers thus change their properties in a targeted manner (for example an increase in tear resistance).

As an alternative or in addition to the use of purely biogenic fibers, synthetic fibers, substances / components / constituents may also be used for the premix, this type of premix not being used for natural building materials based on sand, but for final mixtures of building materials, Cleaning and painting based on lime, cement or gypsum (or similar) is used.

An exemplary possibility of producing the premix according to the invention can be represented as follows: To prepare the premix, it is possible to use a dissolver mixer which provides the possibility of an automatic feed of a plurality of materials (suitable for automatic processing). These substances can be weighed individually or in succession and dosed into the mixing area. Furthermore, a manual input with weighing cell, as well as a flange for the supply of an air-fiber stream can be provided. In principle, a machine could be used for the production, which is a kind of mixer (horizontal or vertical runner), Planetendissolvermischer, shredder, mixer or the like.

The raw materials, fibers, flasks, clay, etc. are simultaneously, in a certain order or in intermediate stages in the mixing tank filled (container volume goes from about 501 to 20001). Subsequently, the ingredients in the container by rotating tools (horizontally and / or vertically running blades, pancake, cutter heads or the like) are mixed and optionally crushed, the rotational speed of slow-running up to high-speed can be controlled.

In the case of fiber addition, e.g. the Typhafaser (a kind of reed piston), the cut pistons in contrast to the aforementioned single-stage mixing process for producing a building material completely pre-weighed and added. The rotating knives disintegrate the flasks and the seeds equally, whereby the fiber length is defined here by the type of comminution tools used (pancake, knife head, etc.) as well as by the duration of the processing. 2/7 Austrian Patent Office AT 11 689 U1 2011-03-15 The fiber length and the processing time are directly related depending on the fiber type.

The addition of clay and / or clay or other materials to the mixing vessel is either by automatic feed (e.g., via screw conveyor or blowing in the material) or by hand. In any case, each ingredient is weighed prior to addition or mixing vessel to ensure the ratio of components. As a result, the ingredients of the premix are first recorded accurately in terms of weight and thus allow an exact dosage of the additives in the final product (the building material, plaster, paint or the like).

The application of the final mixture (or an intermediate step) via a lock and is applied by means of a suitable device (conveyor belt, screw conveyor, blowing, etc.) and stored in a suitable container.

A premix prepared in this way may, for example, have the following properties: The consistency of the premix ranges from cotton or fleece-like (for larger

Fiber length) to granular or powdery (in "chopping the fiber").

- Fiber length of 1 pm to 200 mm.

The premix can also be produced in pasty form.

The premix is storable.

In the context of the invention can also be provided that a pure pulp is produced in powder form, with or without additives as a premix. The proportions of the proportions by weight in the premix of loam and / or clay: fiber can be, for example, between 0.8: 1 and 10: 1, any possible additives or fillers not being taken into account here. In the premix of the invention a variety of mixing ratios is possible.

General advantages of the premix of the invention for a later production of end products such as building materials, plasters, paints or the like can be summarized as follows: - The quantitative addition of the components of the premix in the final product is technically clearly metered and thus logged and traceable cash.

- The ingredients of the premix can be uniformly mixed homogeneously into the final product using standard mixers (dry and wet mixers, which are common in the construction industry).

The uniform, homogeneous mixture of building materials and thus the quality and in

The security of achieving a high-quality result in the final processing is significantly increased.

By the specific optimization of the premixes, the properties of the

Final mixture (building materials, plasters and paints) improved (eg improvement of elasticity, drying speed, adhesion properties to the substrate, prevention of cracking, etc.) According to the material properties of the final product are changed or reinforced, which are not achieved with the previous, single-stage mixing operations can.

Secured processing of the end products (building materials, plasters and paints) by

Standard machines, as already used by processors, e.g. Cleaning machines to G4.

- When using purely biogenic and biodegradable ingredients of

Premix (natural fiber, loam, clay, etc.) remains the building biologic property of the Austrian Patent Office AT11 689U1 2011-03-15.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments.

Depending on the desired properties of the final product (the building material, plaster or paint), the ingredients of the premix are varied, and prepared by different methods. It is particularly noteworthy that for a building material final mixture which represents a 100% biogenic and biodegradable natural product, also for the premix only ingredients are used that meet this requirement.

MATERIALS / INGREDIENTS OF THE PRE-MIXTURE

A major component of such a premix is the natural fiber. Here, the Typhafaser is mainly used, however, other fibers may be used or added, e.g. Hemp, raffia, reed, or similar. Depending on the desired consistency of the premix, the Typhafaser is either added to the mixture as aerosol from the flask (required if the fiber length of up to 20mm is to be preserved as far as possible - cotton or flax-like consistency), or else adhering to the flask (predominantly at the production of short fiber premixes possible - granular or fine, powdery consistency).

Another ingredient is loam - which in turn represents a mixture of clay minerals and silt. Depending on the quality and properties of the materials (e.g., sand) used in the final mix of the building material, the clay minerals (two and multi-layered clay minerals) and the silt are selected. If, as is customary in the industrial production of building materials, plaster and paints, fractionated and washed sand is used for the final mixture, the proportion of silt in the clay must be increased in order to improve the adhesive properties of the final mixture. If suitable sand (with sufficient silt content) is used for the final mixture, then the addition of silt in the premix can be dispensed with and pure clay minerals can be used.

In particular, when the premix is used for paints, further additives, fillers and binders can be incorporated, such as for example: Marble sand in different colors (as filler and for coloring) - Silica as dispersing agent, [0047 Starch (eg corn or potato starch) as binder [0048] - Iron oxide for coloring, [0049] Mineral and organic substances

MIXER / MECHANICS

Both the long fiber and short fiber premixes are produced in a blender with a rapidly moving mixing tool (e.g., a dissolver). In any case, the rotating mixing tool is moved either vertically or with a planetary gear through the substances to be mixed. The peripheral speed of the mixing tool is from about 5 to 50 m / s. The introduction of the materials is either automatic, e.g. via screw conveyors, wherein the mixer is designed as a load cell, or by hand. After the mixing process, the premix is discharged or sucked out of the mixer via a bottom flap (or a slide). In a simplified form, corresponding blenders or shredders could be used for this purpose.

RECIPES / MANUFACTURE

In addition to the selection of the respective fiber, the fiber length also plays a role here. The fiber length is determined by the type and duration of the mixing process or an upstream Austrian Patent Office AT 11 689 U1 2011-03-15

Crushing process determined. Fiber lengths from 1 gm to 200 mm can be processed or produced.

In order to produce premixes with the smallest possible fiber length, quartz sand is partially added. Its abrasive property enhances the comminution of the fiber during the mixing process. The duration of the mixing time directly affects the fiber length. For the preparation of premixes with long fiber, a blunt blending tool is used, which has a peripheral speed of e.g. 10 to 20m / s is moved through the material. Be sure to add the fibers first and then the clay first. The mixing tool mixes and mixes the fibers and clay into a flowing cloud. The clay used should have a high content of clay minerals and low silt content.

PREMIUM TYPE: WADTE, FLEMENTS 1 part by weight of fiber (dissolved Typhafaser) 2 to 5 part by weight of clay 0.1 to 0.4 part by weight of silt (can also be omitted) First, the fiber is filled into the mixing container. Then clay and silt are added in the specified ratios and the container is sealed. Then, a rounded mixing tool (pancake) is moved through the material for 3 to 5 minutes (at a batch size of about 35 kg.) With a peripheral speed of 10-20 m / s The Typha fiber remains in a length of about 5 to 15 mm For this type of premix, the clay content is absolutely necessary because otherwise a knot and thus a lumping of the fiber in the production of the premix occurs.These lumps do not dissolve during final mixing to the final product and significantly reduce the quality of the finished building material there no homogeneous mixture is achieved.

PREMIUM TYPE: POWDERY 1 part by weight fiber (Typhafaser on the flask) 0.5 to 10 parts by weight clay 0.5 to 5 parts by weight silt 0.1 to 0.9 quartz sand 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight hemp (optional) Fibers, clay minerals and Silt are filled in the specified proportions in the mixing container and the container sealed. For the mixing process, a sharp mixing tool (knife head, disc knife, etc.) is moved in the material. The mixing time for a batch size of approx. 35 kg. is about 20 to 150 seconds. The peripheral speed of the tool is 20 to 30 m / s. The fibers are comminuted to a size of about 0.5 to 2 mm.

PRE-MIXTURE TYPE: FINE POWDERY 1 part by weight of fiber (Typhafaser on the flask) 0.5 to 10 parts by weight clay 0.1 to 2 parts by weight silt 0.1 to 0.9 quartz sand (unwashed, francted) 0.1 to 0.5 starch (potato or Corn starch) (optional) approx. 0.1 part by weight hemp (optional) Fibers, clay minerals and silt as well as the optional additives are filled into the mixing container in the stated ratios and the container is tightly closed. For the mixing process, a sharp mixing tool (knife head, disc knife, etc.) is moved in the material. The mixing time for a batch size of approx. 35 kg. is from about 1/2 to 3 minutes. The peripheral speed of the tool is 25 to 40 m / s. The fibers are comminuted to a size of about 0.02 to 1 mm. 5.7

Claims (14)

Austrian Patent Office AT 11 689 U1 2011-03-15 PRE-MIXING TYPE: PAINTING POWDERED 2 parts by weight of fiber (Typhafaser on the flask) 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of clay 0.1 to 1 marble sand 0.1 to 0.5 starch (potato or corn starch) ( optional) Fibers, clay minerals and marble sand as well as the optional additive are filled in the specified proportions in the mixing container and the container sealed. For the mixing process, a sharp mixing tool (knife head, disc knife, etc.) is moved in the material. The mixing time for a batch size of approx. 35 kg. is from about 1/2 to 3 minutes. The peripheral speed of the tool is 20 to 30 m / s. The fibers are comminuted to a size of about 0.2 to 1 mm. Claims 1. Premix for a later production of end products such as building materials, plasters, paints, including unfired clay and / or clay and fibers. 2. premix according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers have a length of 1 pm to 200 mm. 3. Premix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibers are vegetable fibers. 4. Premix according to claim 3, characterized in that the fibers are purely biogenic fibers, in particular Typha-, hemp, flax, kenaf or nettle fibers. 5. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises fillers and / or binders selected from the group consisting of starch, Maiskoben, straw, reeds, silica, animal hair, marble sand, iron oxide. 6. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a dispersant. 7. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises 1 to 2 parts by weight of fibers. 8. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises 0.1 to 15, preferably 0.5 to 10, in particular 2 to 5, parts by weight of clay. 9. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.1 to 5, in particular 0.4 to 0.5, parts by weight silt. 10. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises 0.01 to 5, preferably 0.1 to 0.9 parts by weight of sand. 11. Premix according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the clay has two- and / or multi-layered clay minerals. 12. Premix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibers are synthetic fibers. 13. A method for producing a final product, such as building materials, paints, plasters characterized in that in a first step, a homogeneous premix according to one of claims 1 to 7 is prepared and that this premix in a later step by adding other materials, in particular sand and water, is mixed to the final product. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the fibers are comminuted during the preparation of the premix. 6.7