KR100447157B1 - Method for managing defect area of optical recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rewritable optical recording medium and a defect area management method for managing a defective area of the optical recording medium. In particular, when a defective block occurs during data recording requiring real time, the defective block is skipped while the next normal block is skipped. And recording the data in the defect data storage unit so that the position information of the skipped block is replaced with the block of the replacement area when the defective block occurs and stored in the defect data storage unit so as to be distinguished from the information of the defective block generated. When a defective block is encountered when the data recorded on the optical disc is reproduced, it is not possible to accurately determine whether to find a replacement block or to simply discard the defective block data and return only an error message to the host.

Description

Method for managing defect area of optical recording medium

The present invention relates to a rewritable optical recording medium, and more particularly to a method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium capable of managing a defect area.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as read-only ROM, write-once worm type, and rewritable rewritable type. Lose.

The ROM type optical recording medium may include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), and a worm type optical recording medium may be written once. Recordable Compact Discs (CD-Rs) and Recordable Digital Versatile Discs (DVD-Rs).

In addition, freely rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RW).

On the other hand, in the case of a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to the use characteristics thereof, so that the mixing ratio of the mixture constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is initially mixed. It becomes different from the ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defect area formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defect area.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of the optical recording medium. The defect area of the optical recording medium is managed. In addition, the user area in which actual data is recorded has a separate spare area for use when a defect occurs.

In general, four DMAs exist in one disk, two DMAs exist in the lead-in area, and the other two DMAs exist in the lead-out area.

Here, each DMA is composed of two blocks, and has a total of 32 sectors. The first block (called a DDS / PDL block) of each DMA includes a Disc Definition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block (called an SDL block) of each DMA is an SDL (Secondary). Defect List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL contains entries of defective sectors generated during the disc creation process and all the defective sectors identified during disc formatting, that is, initial formatting and re-initialization. It is stored in sector units. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector.

On the other hand, the defect information storage unit SDL lists defect information in units of blocks, and stores entries of defect regions occurring after the format or defect regions that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry includes an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the block in which the defective sector has occurred, an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the replacement block as shown in FIG. Reserved). In addition, one bit is allocated to each SDL entry for Forced Reassignment Marking (FRM). If the value is 0b, the replacement block is allocated and there is no defect in the replacement block. , 1b means that no replacement block is allocated or the allocated replacement block is defective.

Therefore, defective areas (i.e., defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area are replaced with normal areas, which are usually a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied to a case where a defective area is registered in the main defect data storage unit (PDL), and is listed in the PDL in a user area in which actual data is recorded as shown in FIG. 3A. If a defective sector exists, the defective sector is skipped and replaced with the normal sector following the defective sector to record data. Therefore, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied to a case where the defective area is registered in the defective data storage unit SDL, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the linear replacement method is applied to the defective data storage unit SDL in the user area or the spare area. If the listed defect block exists, it is replaced with a replacement area in units of blocks allocated to the spare area to record data. At this time, the physical sector number (PSN) assigned to the defective block remains as it is, but the logical sector number (LSN) moves together with the data to the replacement block. This linear replacement method is effective when reading or writing data that does not require real time. The data that does not require the real time is hereinafter referred to as PC-data for convenience of explanation.

If the replacement block written in the defective data storage SDL is later found to be defective, a direct pointer method is applied to the defective data storage SDL registration. That is, by the direct pointer method, the defective replacement block is replaced with a new replacement block, and the SDL entry in which the defective replacement block is registered is modified with the sector number of the first sector of the newly replaced replacement block.

FIG. 4A shows a process of recording data in the user area or reproducing the recorded data, when the defective block listed in the defective data storage unit SDL is replaced with a replacement block and recorded. FIG. 4B to FIG. 4D. Shows an example of SDL entries that can be generated by the linear replacement method, and sequentially shows the FRM, the first sector number of the defective block, and the first sector number of the replacement block. That is, if (1, blkA, 0) is found as shown in FIG. 4B, a defective block blkA is found, but the defect is not fatal and no replacement block is allocated, and as shown in FIG. 4C, (0, blkA, blkE). Means that a replacement block blkE without defect is allocated, and data to be recorded in the defect block blkA in the user area is replaced with the replacement block blkE in the spare area. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4D, (1, blkA, blkE) indicates a case where a defect occurs in the replacement block blkE of the spare area in which the defective block blkA of the user area is replaced, and in this case, a new method is used by the direct pointer method. Replacement blocks are allocated.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a general optical disc recording apparatus, comprising: an optical pickup for recording and reproducing data on an optical disc, a pickup transfer unit for transferring the optical pickup, and a data processing unit for processing input data and transmitting the same to the optical pickup; , An interface, a microcomputer for controlling them, and the like, and a host is connected to an interface of the optical disc recording device so that commands and data are transmitted to each other.

When data to be recorded is generated in the optical disk recording apparatus configured as described above, the host sends a recording command to the optical disk recording apparatus. The write command includes a Logical Block Address (LBA) designating a recording position and a transfer length indicating the size of the data. The host then sends the data to be recorded to the optical disc recording apparatus. When the data to be recorded on the optical disc is input from the host, the optical disc recording apparatus starts recording from the designated LBA. In this case, the optical disc recording apparatus does not record data in the defective area by using the main defect data storage unit PDL and the defect data storage unit SDL in which information indicating a defect of the optical disc is stored.

That is, the physical sectors recorded in the main defect data storage unit PDL are skipped and recorded, and the physical blocks recorded in the defect data storage unit SDL are areas A through B of FIG. 4A. As the replacement block assigned to the spare area is written, it is recorded. In addition, if there is a defective block or an error-prone block that is not listed in the defective data storage unit (SDL) at the time of recording or reproduction, the block is regarded as a defective block, the replacement block of the spare area is found, and the data of the defective block is found. After rewriting, the first sector number of the defective block and the first sector number of the replacement block are recorded in the defective data storage (SDL) entry.

In this case, the defective block recorded in the defective data storage unit (SDL) is replaced with a replacement block assigned to the spare area, and in order to record data, the optical pickup must be transferred to the spare area and then transferred back to the user area. Time is a major obstacle to real-time recording.

Therefore, the defect area management method for the case where real-time recording is needed, such as for A / V, has been recently discussed. When one of them is defective, the SDL skips the defective block and writes the data to the next normal block when the defective block is encountered, such as the sleeping replacement method, without using the linear replacement method. The use of the Skipping method is discussed. In this case, since the optical pickup does not have to be transferred to the spare area each time it encounters a defective block, it is possible to reduce the moving time of the optical pickup and eliminate the obstacle of real time recording. That is, when the data input when using the defective data storage unit SDL is PC-data that does not require real time, a linear replacement method is used as shown in areas A to B of FIG. In this case, the skipping method is used when the defect block blkC is encountered as shown in the areas B to C of FIG. 4A. At this time, the LSN and PSN of the defect block blkC are maintained. In other words, when viewed from the host side, the number of logical sectors of an optical disk is always fixed. When skipping, LSN is given to a defective block without writing data to the defective block. From the host's point of view, this results in the loss of the LSN. For example, if a host transmits 100 sectors of data for recording, only 84 sectors (i.e. 1 block = 16 sectors) can be recorded if there is one defective block in that area.

At this time, the file location and size of the UDF (Universal Disc Format) file system will be conceptually displayed as shown in Table 1 below.

Starting sector address Number of sectors File 1 A L Files 2 B M (or M-x) File 3 C N

Where x represents the number of defective sectors skipped in the area where file 2 is recorded.

If the host wants to read file 1 recorded by the linear replacement method, the host will look at the UDF file system and issue a command to read sectors A through L. At this time, the file 1 is recorded by the linear replacement method and the LSN of the defective block is moved to the replacement block of the spare area. Therefore, when a defective block is encountered during reproduction, the microcomputer transfers the optical pickup to the replacement block of the spare area to reproduce data. Therefore, if L is 100, the defective block or sector is replaced with the replacement area, and all data of 100 sectors without error are transmitted to the host.

However, the above-described real time recording may cause the following problems during reproduction.

That is, when the host wants to read the file 2 recorded in real time, the host sends a command to read M sectors from the B area by looking at the UDF file system shown in Table 1 above. In this case, one or more defective blocks including no user data may be included in the M sectors. Since file 2 is recorded in a skipping manner and the LSN is assigned to the defective blocks, M includes the defective blocks. All data reproduced in the two sectors are transmitted to the host through the interface. However, since the host does not have information about a defective block skipped, data of the defective block may be read from the host, thereby causing incorrect reproduction.

Therefore, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus should indicate to the host not to read the data of the defective block among the data reproduced and transmitted from the optical disc. In this case, since information on the defective block remains in the defective data storage unit SDL as shown in FIGS. 4B to 4D, the microcomputer may deliver this information to the host. However, since the defective data storage unit SDL is information of a defective block by a linear replacement method, even if the real time recording is performed by the skipping method, the microcomputer records whether the information is information of PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method by the skipping method. It is not possible to distinguish whether or not it is information of real time data. Therefore, the microcomputer may transmit incorrect information to the host, which causes the microcomputer to search for a replacement block even if it encounters a defective block when performing a play command by the host, or simply discard the data of the defective block and host only an error message. An error can also occur because it is not possible to determine exactly whether to return a.

On the other hand, when the host reads the UDF file system of Table 1 and reads Mx sectors from the area B in order to read the file 2 recorded in real time, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus generates a defect among the M sectors. Subtract the data from the x sector and pass it to the host. At this time, even if the host does not have the positional information on the defective block, a large problem does not occur when the data is reproduced, but instead a problem occurs when the next data is written or erased on the optical disc. That is, when recording or erasing should be started from the C position of FIG. 4A, the host issues a recording or erasing command at a position x before the C position, which may also cause loss of data recorded in real time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical recording medium and an optical recording medium for storing position information of a defective block skipped to be distinguished from information of a defective block generated by a linear replacement method. It is to provide a defect area management method.

Another object of the present invention is to store the position information of the defective block skipped to the defect data storage to be distinguished from the information of the defective block listed by the linear replacement method when the data is recorded by the skipping method and to inform the host of this; Disclosed is a defect area management method of an optical recording medium.

1 is a view showing a data area of a general optical disc

2A shows a general SDL entry structure

Figure 3a is a view showing a typical sleeping alternative method

Figure 3b is a view showing a general linear replacement method

4A is a diagram illustrating a state in which data is recorded by a linear replacement method or a skipping method when using SDL in a general optical disc.

4B to 4D are diagrams showing an example in which information on a defect block generated at the time of recording by the linear replacement method is recorded in the SDL entry.

5 is a block diagram of a general optical disc recording apparatus;

6 is a flowchart for performing a method for managing a defective area of an optical record carrier according to the present invention.

7 illustrates an example of storing location information of a skipped block in an SDL entry according to the present invention.

8A illustrates an example of displaying real time recording or PC data recording using an unused area of an SDL entry in the defect area management method according to the present invention.

FIG. 8B shows an example in which the information of a defective block is recorded in the SDL entry of FIG. 8A at the time of recording by the linear replacement method.

FIG. 8C shows an example in which the information of a defective block is recorded in the SDL entry of FIG. 8A when recording by the skipping method. FIG.

The defect area management method according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of: recording data in the next normal block while skipping the defective block if a defective block occurs during data recording requiring real time; And storing the position information of the skipped block into a defect data storage unit so as to be distinguished from information of a defective block generated while being replaced by a block of a replacement area when a defective block occurs.

The location information of the skipped block stored in the above step is distinguished from the defect block information generated while being replaced by the block of the replacement area when the defective block is generated and stored in the defective data storage SDL.

The defective data storage unit SDL stores only the information of the skipped block, does not store the information of the replacement block, and resets the FRM bit to zero.

It is characterized in that it indicates whether the defective block is recorded by a skipping method or a defective block which is recorded by a skipping method in the unused area of the defective data storage unit (SDL) in which the information of the defective block is stored.

When the information on the skipped block is stored in the defective data storage unit SDL, the information of the replacement block is kept as it is.

The location information of the skipped block is notified to the host, and the host uses the location information of the skipped block at the time of data reproduction.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium, the method comprising: recording data into a next normal block while skipping a defective block when a defective block occurs during data recording requiring real time; Storing the location information in a defect data storage unit so as to be distinguished from information of a defective block generated while being replaced with a block of a replacement area when a defective block is generated, and informing the host of the location information of the skipped defective block. Characterized in that made.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention stores the position information of a skipped defect block when the defective block is present when recording real-time data by the skipping method, and informs the host of the defect block. The position information of the skipped block is recorded by a linear replacement method. Store it differently from the location information of the stored defect block.

6 is a flowchart illustrating this process.

In other words, when data is input from the host through the interface for recording (step 601), the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus is the PC-data which requires the linear replacement method or the real-time for the skipping method. It is determined whether it is data (step 602).

If it is determined in step 602 that the data is PC-data, if there are defective blocks or defective blocks recorded in the defective data storage unit (SDL) during data recording, information on the defective blocks is recorded while linearly replacing the data. The SDL entry is stored in any one of FIGS. 4B to 4D (step 604).

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 602 that the data is real-time, the data is recorded on the optical disk (step 603), and it is determined whether there are any defective blocks or defective blocks recorded in the defective data storage unit (SDL). Step 605). If there are defective blocks or error-prone defect blocks recorded in the defective data storage unit SDL, the blocks write data to the next normal block after skipping (step 606).

At this time, the position information of the skipped defective block should be stored, which is stored so as to be distinguished from the information of the defective block generated by the existing linear replacement method (step 607). This is to allow the microcomputer to distinguish between real-time data recorded by the skipping method or PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of storing position information on a defective block to be skipped in the defective data storage unit SDL. If a defective block blkC is present during real-time recording, the defective block blkC is skipped. This is an example of writing (0, blkC, 0) to the defective data storage unit SDL while recording data in the next normal block. That is, since no replacement block is needed at this time, information on the replacement block of the spare area should be removed from the defective data storage (SDL) entry, and only the definition of the FRM needs to be changed. For example, if the FRM is 0b, it may be modified to recognize that a defective block has occurred in the skipping method or that a replacement block is assigned in the linear replacement method and that there is no defect in the replacement block. This is to distinguish the defective data storage unit (SDL) entries listed by the linear replacement method, in which there is no block replaced only in the spare area, even if a defective block exists in real time recording. If areas B to C of FIG. 4A are previously recorded by the linear replacement method and the defect block information remains as (0, blkC, blkG) in the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry, this area is rewritten by the skipping method. If any, the failing data store (SDL) entry is modified to (0, blkC, 0).

Another example is the use of a reserved area of a SDL entry. In this case, the unused area is set to 1 or 0 to determine whether the information listed in the data storage unit SDL is defective block information of real-time data recorded by the skipping method or defective block information of PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method. To distinguish between them. An embodiment is shown in FIG. 8.

This keeps the information of the replacement block of the spare area previously registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry by the linear replacement method in the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry even when the skipping method is recorded. This is to reuse the information. That is, when data is rewritten by skipping in the area written by the linear replacement method and then rewritten by the linear replacement method, if there is no information on the replacement block, a replacement block to replace the defective block is newly created in the spare area. Must be assigned. At this time, the position of the newly allocated replacement block is a replacement block after the replacement block finally allocated in the spare area, for example, a block following the replacement block blkH as shown in FIG. 4A is allocated as the replacement block. That is, since the previously allocated replacement block cannot be used, the use capacity of the optical disk is reduced by that amount, thereby reducing the use efficiency of the optical disk.

Therefore, if the information on the replacement block is kept as it is during the skipping method, the previously allocated replacement block can be used as it is when rewriting by the linear replacement method as described above, so that the use efficiency of the optical disc can be improved.

For example, if information of the replacement block (blkG) of the spare area in which the data of the defective block (blkC) was replaced by the previous linear replacement recording was retained without being discarded from the defective data storage (SDL) entry in real time recording, The data of the defective block blkC is not written to the new replacement block in the spare area but is replaced with the previously allocated replacement block blkG.

To this end, one bit is allocated among the unused areas of the existing SDL entry, and the bit is set to 1 or 0 so that the information listed in the defect data storage SDL is recorded by the skipping method. It is possible to distinguish between defective block information of data and defective block information of PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method. FIG. 8A shows the use of the unused bit following the FRM bit in the unused area of the defective data storage (SDL) entry. This bit is referred to as a Linear Replacemrnt Control (LRC) bit in the present invention.

At this time, if information on the replacement block is already recorded in the area in which the sector number of the first sector is recorded in the replacement block, it is kept as it is. For example, if the defective data storage (SDL) entry is (0, 0, blkC, blkG) as shown in FIG. 8B, data is written by the linear replacement method, the replacement block is allocated, and the allocated replacement block is defective. This means no. In addition, if the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry is (0, 1, blkC, blkG) as shown in FIG. 8C, data was recorded by the skipping method, a defect occurred in the block blkC, and a replacement block during recording / reproducing. The information in (blkG) means only maintenance and no use.

Here, one of the methods of setting or resetting the LRC bit is to set the default value of the LRC bit to zero when writing the defective data storage unit (SDL), and then to delete the defective block when writing the real-time data. When it encounters, the defective block is skipped to record data, and at this time, the LRC bit of the defective data storage (SDL) entry in which the defective block information is stored is set to 1. If a defective block is encountered during playback, it checks the LRC bit of the SDL entry. If it is '0', the data is reproduced by linear replacement method because it is general PC data, and if it is '1', it is a real time recording data. Play the data.

In addition, if the LRC bit is set to '1' when the PC data is overwritten by the linear replacement method in the area where the real time data has already been recorded by the skipping method, it is reset to '0'.

Then, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus sends the position information of the skipped defective block to the host so that the host can recognize it. There may be various ways of sending (step 608).

For example, the location information of the defective block may be inserted into a header and transmitted to the host, or a new command capable of recognizing only a skipped block may be created and transmitted. It may also transmit the location information of the defective block when sending to (step 609).

Therefore, even when the wrong data of the skipped block, that is, the previous data recorded in the skipped block, is all reproduced and transmitted from the optical disk recording apparatus during data reproduction, the host uses the position information of the skipped defective block received from the microcomputer in advance. After discarding the skipped block data, only the normal block data can be read. As a result, the host does not misplay because of skipped blocks.

In addition, even if the data of the skipped block from the optical disk recording apparatus is transmitted to the host without any data skipped, the host has the position information of the skipped block. Can be transferred to the microcomputer.

As described above, according to the method for managing an optical recording medium and a defect area of the optical recording medium according to the present invention, a defect block recorded in the data storage unit (SDL) or a defect having many errors are recorded during recording of data requiring real time recording. If a block exists, the defective block is skipped and data is written to the next normal block, and the position information of the skipped defective block is distinguished from the information of the defective block generated by the linear replacement method. ) And notify the host. Therefore, the host can know the location information of the skipped defective block, so that the correct playback command can be transmitted to the optical disk recording device when data is reproduced. As a result, when the optical disk recording / reproducing device encounters a defective block when the data recorded on the optical disk is reproduced, You will be able to determine exactly whether you need to go to the replacement block or just discard the data in the defective block and return only the error message to the host. Eventually, accurate data reproduction is achieved.

The host also knows the location of the skipped fault block, so it can issue correct write commands or delete commands, thereby avoiding the loss of real-time write data that occurred during data write or erase.

Claims (24)

In the defect area management method of the optical recording medium for recording data on the optical recording medium, If a defective block exists when writing data, the defective block is skipped and data is written to the next normal block; And storing the position information of the skipped defect block so as to be distinguished from the stored position information of the defective block while linearly replacing and recording the position information of the skipped defect block with the block of the replacement area. Way. The method of claim 1, wherein the data recorded by the skipping method in the recording step is data that requires real time recording. 2. The optical recording as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position information of the skipped defect block is stored in a defect area management storage unit, distinguished from the position information of a defect block stored while being replaced with a block of a replacement area when a defect block occurs. How to manage defective area of media. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the defect area management storage stores only information of skipped defect blocks and does not store replacement block information. 4. The optical display as claimed in claim 3, wherein the optical information indicates whether the defective block is recorded by a skipping method or a defective block generated by a linear replacement method in a specific area of the defective area management storage unit in which the information of the defective block is stored. A method for managing defective areas on record carriers. 6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the information on the defective block skipped is stored in the defective area management storage unit, the information of the replacement block is kept as it is. The method of claim 1, wherein the position information of the skipped block is A method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium, characterized by informing a host requesting transmission of reproduction data. The method of claim 7, wherein And inserting location information of the skipped block into a header and transmitting the location information to a host. 8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein a new command for recognizing position information of the skipped block is generated and transmitted to a host. 8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the position information of the skipped block is transmitted together when the command execution report is transmitted to the host after the recording of the real-time data is finished. In the defect area management method of the optical recording medium to record data on the optical recording medium when the data to be recorded is transmitted from the host, If a defective block exists when recording data requiring real time recording, the defective block is skipped and data is written to the next normal block; Storing location information of the skipped block and identification information indicating that a replacement area is not specified; And informing the host of at least position information of the skipped block. The method of claim 11, wherein the position information of the skipped block in the step A defect area management method of storing a defect area in an optical recording medium, characterized by storing in a storage unit. The method of claim 11, wherein the host is And the position information of the skipped block is used for data reproduction. The method of claim 12, And the defect area management storage unit is a defect data storage unit (SDL). In the defect area management method of the optical recording medium for recording data on the optical recording medium, If a defective area occurs when recording data that requires real-time recording, step 1 of recording the data in the next normal area while skipping the defective area; And at least two steps of storing identification information indicating that the defective area has not been replaced. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the position information of the skipped region in step 2 is obtained. A defect area management method of storing a defect area in an optical recording medium, characterized by storing in a storage unit. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein when recording data requiring non-real-time recording, data is recorded while performing linear replacement of the defective area with the replacement area in the spare area, and storing identification information indicating that the defective area has been replaced. A method for managing a defective area of an optical record carrier, characterized in that it comprises a step. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the defect area management storage stores only information of the skipped area and does not store information of the replacement area. 19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein when the information on the skipped area is stored in the defect area management storage unit, information of the replacement area is retained if it is already recorded. A spare area for linear replacement of the defective area, The main data area A defect management area in which a defect area management storage unit for managing the defect area is recorded; And the defect area management storage unit has position information on the defect area and identification information indicating whether or not the defect area has been replaced. 21. The optical recording medium according to claim 20, wherein data to be recorded in the defect area is recorded on a normal area next to the defect area existing in the main data area. 22. The optical recording medium as claimed in claim 21, wherein the data recorded in the data area is real time data, and the identification information is set to indicate that the defective area has not been replaced. 23. The optical recording medium as claimed in claim 22, wherein the positional information of the defective area is stored in the defective area management storage unit, distinguished from information of the defective area recorded by being replaced with the spare area. 23. The optical recording medium as set forth in claim 22, wherein the information on the replacement area for the defective area is retained in the defective area management storage if it is already recorded.