KR100672543B1 - Optical recording medium and method of managing defective area - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a real-time recording / reproducing method of a rewritable optical recording medium. In particular, each zone of an optical disc is divided into a real-time data zone and a PC-data zone, and pure real-time data is recorded in a real-time data zone by a skipping method and a PC-data zone By real-time recording of data that does not require real-time data, in particular, real-time data control information, the real-time recording / playback is possible while maintaining compatibility with the existing file system. In this case, the data is transferred to a safe replacement block and protected to ensure a smooth reproduction.

Description

OPTICAL RECORDING MEDIUM AND METHOD OF MANAGING DEFECTIVE AREA}

1 is a view showing that a general optical disc is divided into lead-in, user, and lead-out areas.

FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a state in which a user area of the optical disc of FIG. 1 is divided into a plurality of zones. FIG.

Figure 3a is a view showing a typical sleeping alternative method

Figure 3b is a view showing a general linear replacement method

4 shows an example of dividing each zone into a real-time data area and a PC-data area in the optical disk according to the present invention.

5 illustrates an example of an SDL entry registered when data is recorded in a real-time data area according to the present invention.

6 illustrates an example of recording a data type in an unused area of a DDS according to the present invention.

The present invention relates to a rewritable optical recording medium system, and more particularly, to a real time recording / reproducing method of an optical recording medium capable of real time recording of data requiring real time recording.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as read-only ROM, write-once worm type, and rewritable rewritable type. Lose.

The ROM type optical recording medium may include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), and a worm type optical recording medium may be written once. Recordable Compact Discs (CD-Rs) and Recordable Digital Versatile Discs (DVD-Rs).

In addition, freely rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RW).

On the other hand, in the case of a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to the use characteristics thereof, so that the mixing ratio of the mixture constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is initially mixed. It becomes different from the ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defect area formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defect area.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of an optical recording medium, that is, an optical disc. The defect area of the optical disc is managed.

In addition, the user area in which the actual data is recorded is managed by dividing it into zones for random access as shown in FIG. 2, and usually 24 zones are divided. Each zone has a separate spare area, which is used to manage a defective area occurring in the zone.

There are generally four DMAs in the optical disc, two DMAs in the lead-in area and the other two DMAs in the lead-out area.

Here, each DMA is composed of two blocks, and has a total of 32 sectors. The first block (called a DDS / PDL block) of each DMA includes a Disc Definition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block (called an SDL block) of each DMA is an SDL (Secondary). Defect List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL stores entries created during the disc creation process and entries of all defective sectors identified during formatting, ie, initializing and re-initializing the disc. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector.

On the other hand, the SDL is listed in units of blocks, and stores entries of defective areas that occur after the format or defective areas that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry consists of an area storing the sector number of the first sector of the block in which the defective sector has occurred and an area storing the sector number of the first sector of the replacement block to replace it. In addition, each entry has one byte allocated for FRM, and a value of 0b means that a replacement block is assigned and there is no defect in the replacement block, and 1b indicates that a replacement block is not allocated or This means that the allocated replacement block is defective.

Therefore, defective areas (i.e., defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area are replaced with normal areas, which are usually a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied when a defective area is registered in the PDL. If a defective sector listed in the PDL exists in a user area in which actual data is recorded, as shown in FIG. The sector is skipped and instead replaced by the normal sector following the defective sector to record the data. Therefore, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied when the defect area is registered in the SDL. If a defect block listed in the SDL exists in the user area or the spare area as shown in FIG. 3B, the linear replacement method is applied to the spare area. Data is recorded by being replaced with a replacement area of the allocated block unit. At this time, the physical sector number (PSN) assigned to the defective block remains as it is, but the logical sector number (LSN) moves together with the data to the replacement block. In this way, data is written to the replaced new block, thereby preventing the error of writing the data to the defective block again, and unlike the hard disk, the reduction of the LSN due to the defective block can be prevented. In addition, if there is a block that reads correctly during recording or playback but an error code correction (ECC) error occurs and the playback may not be possible soon, the block is regarded as a defective block and the replacement block of the spare area is found to find the data of the defective block. After rewriting the data, the first sector number of the defective block and the first sector number of the replacement block are recorded in the SDL entry, thereby preventing the loss of expected data.

This linear replacement method is effective when reading or writing data that does not require real time. The data that does not require the real time is hereinafter referred to as PC-data for convenience of explanation.

However, using the above-described linear replacement method when using SDL does not read or write data from consecutive PSNs, which takes more time in recording / reproducing. That is, whenever a defective block recorded in the SDL or a newly generated defective block is encountered, the replacement block allocated to the spare area is replaced, and the optical pickup must be transferred to the spare area to record data, and then transferred to the user area. The time taken is a major obstacle to real-time recording. When recording general PC-data, the user only needs to wait for the time, but data that needs real-time recording and reproducing, such as for A / V, has a problem in moving time of the optical pickup, making it difficult to record / reproduce real-time.

Therefore, the defect area management method for the case where real-time recording is needed, such as for A / V, has been recently discussed. When one of them uses SDL, instead of using the linear replacement method, it is a skipping method that skips the defective block and writes data to the next normal block when it encounters a defective block, such as the sleeping replacement method. Is being discussed. In this way, since the optical pickup does not have to be transported to the spare area each time it encounters a defective block, it is possible to reduce the moving time of the optical pickup and eliminate the obstacle of real time recording. At this time, the defective block retains the LSN and PSN.

However, the above-mentioned skipping scheme used for real time recording has the following problems.

That is, the real-time data includes not only pure real-time data but also control information for controlling recording / reproducing of the real-time data. However, when real time recording is performed in the above-described manner, the control information is recorded in a skipping manner.

Therefore, no block is replaced when a block having control information for real-time recording / playback is degraded due to disc aging or user carelessness, so that the defective block cannot be moved to a safe place to protect data. At this time, even if all the pure real-time data is normal, if the file containing the control information is broken, the real-time data cannot be reproduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a defect area management method for recording pure real-time data in a skipping manner and the control information of the real-time data in a linear replacement method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a defect area management method for recording pure real-time data and recording of control information of real-time data by zone.

In the defect area management method of the optical recording medium according to the present invention for achieving the above object, each zone of the optical disk is divided into a real-time data zone and a PC-data zone, pure real-time data in the real-time data zone by skipping method And the control information of the real-time data is recorded in the PC-data zone by a linear replacement method.

In the real-time data zone, only the information of a defective block skipped is stored, and information of a block to be newly replaced is not stored.

A recording data type indicating whether the zone in which the data is recorded is a real-time data zone or a PC-data zone is displayed for each zone.

The conversion between the real-time data zone and the PC-data zone is performed through a format, wherein the recording data type can be newly designated for all zones of the disc.

The conversion between the real-time data zone and the PC-data zone is performed through a zone format. In this case, the recording data type can be designated only for the zone to be formatted.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 shows a user area of an optical disk according to the present invention, in which user areas are divided into zones, and a separate spare area is allocated to each zone, and each zone is divided into a PC-data zone and a real-time data zone. .

That is, each zone of the disc is divided into a PC data zone and a real time data zone, data is recorded / played back using a linear replacement method in the PC-data zone, and data is recorded / played back using a skipping method in the real-time data zone. . In this case, since the control information for controlling the real time is important information, the data is protected by recording in a linear replacement method in the PC-data zone.

If a defective block is found in the PC-data zone, the data of the defective block is replaced by a clean replacement block of the spare area and rewritten, so that control information controlling the recording / reproduction of real-time data or control files affecting the operation of the disk can be obtained. Can protect.

Meanwhile, since only pure real-time data is recorded by the skipping method in the real-time data zone, even if it is known that the data block is degraded, the data is not moved to another replacement block. As a result, even if a defect occurs in the data block and the data of the block cannot be reproduced, the human eye can be ignored because it cannot be distinguished well. However, when the position is recorded in the SDL entry and formatted, the defective block can be registered in the PDL. This is to prevent an error of the file system, that is, to prevent an error of rewriting data in a defective block even if the zone is repeatedly recorded in the zone.

In this case, the SDL entry may be listed as an example as shown in FIG. 5. That is, the FRM is set to 1 to indicate that no replacement block is allocated, and the corresponding sector number is recorded in the area in which the sector number of the first sector is recorded in the defective block. The area for recording the sector number of the sector is reset to zero. Here, when the defective block of the SDL is registered in the PDL through the format, only a sector having an actual defect in the defective block of the SDL may be registered in the PDL or the entire block may be registered in the PDL as a defective sector according to a format method. have.

In addition, a recording data type indicating whether each zone is a PC-data zone or a real-time data zone must be displayed for each zone, and the next time recording or playback is performed by a linear replacement method or a skipping method. It can be seen.

Accordingly, as a recording data type, for example, one bit of an unused area of the group certification flag of the DDS in the first block of each DMA may be allocated and displayed as shown in FIG. 6.

The conversion between the PC-data zone and the real-time data zone can be changed through a format or a zoned format. At this time, since the format is performed for the entire disc, the recording data type can be specified again for all zones of the disc. In addition, the zone format is a case of formatting only for a specific zone, and only the zone can change the recording data type into a PC-data zone or a real-time data zone.

As described above, according to the defect area management method of the optical recording medium according to the present invention, each zone of the optical disc is divided into a real-time data zone and a PC-data zone, and pure real-time data is recorded in a real-time data zone by skipping. In the data zone, data that does not require real time, in particular, real-time data control information is recorded in a linear alternative method, enabling real-time recording / playback while maintaining compatibility with the existing file system, and also including blocks containing important data. In the event of such degradation, the data is transferred to a safe replacement block to protect it so that smooth playback can be achieved.

Claims (14)

A method of recording data on an optical record carrier, Determining whether the data to be recorded is real-time data or non-real-time data; And determining whether to replace the defective area with the spare area allocated to the optical recording medium according to the determination result, and assigning the replacement area to the spare area at least for the defective area generated during the real-time data recording. Do not substitute the spare area, and record identification information indicating whether the data recorded on the optical recording medium is real-time data or non-real-time data. A data recording method, characterized in that. The data recording method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising storing defect management information including position information of a defect area generated in the real time data recording in a specific area of the optical recording medium. 3. The data recording method according to claim 2, wherein the positional information of the defective area is the first sector number of the corresponding defective block. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the defect management information includes replacement location information indicating an alternative location of the spare area, and the replacement location information is not specified in the defect management information for the defect area generated during the real-time data recording. A data recording method characterized by the above-mentioned. 5. The data recording method according to claim 4, wherein the positional information of said replacement area is recorded as "0". 5. The data recording method according to claim 4, wherein the defect management information stores information indicating that no replacement area is allocated. delete A method of recording data on an optical record carrier, Determining whether the data to be recorded is real-time data or non-real-time data; As a result of the determination, in the case of real-time data, the real-time data is recorded on the optical recording medium without replacing the defective area with the spare area allocated to the optical recording medium, but the replacement area of the spare area is not allocated. And generating defect management information including information indicative of the information and position information of the defect area, and recording the defect management information in a specific area of the optical recording medium. 9. The data recording method according to claim 8, further comprising recording data type information indicating said real time data. 9. The data recording method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the defect management information includes position information of the replacement area, and the location information of the replacement area is not specified for the defect area generated during the real-time data recording. 11. The data recording method according to claim 10, wherein the positional information of the replacement area is recorded as "00h". Data type information indicating whether the recorded data is real-time data or non-real-time data; Regarding the defective area existing on the area where real-time data is recorded from the data type information, information indicating that a spare area is not allocated in the spare area and defect management information including the location information of the defective area are divided into specific areas. And recorded on the optical recording medium. 13. The optical system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the defect management information includes position information of the replacement area, wherein location information of the replacement area is not specified for a defect area existing in an area in which the real time data is recorded. Record carrier. 13. The optical recording medium according to claim 12, wherein the positional information of the replacement area is recorded as "0".

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