KR100459148B1 - Optical record medium and method and apparatus for managing it's defect area - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for managing a rewritable optical recording medium and a defective area of the optical recording medium. In particular, when a defective block occurs during data recording that requires real time, the defective block is skipped while the next normal block is skipped. And recording the data and storing position information of the skipped block into a defect data storage unit so as to be distinguished from information of a defective block generated while being replaced by a block of a replacement area when a defective block is generated. If a defective block is encountered when playing the data recorded on the disk, it is not possible to accurately determine whether the replacement block should be found or whether the discarded block data should be discarded and only an error message returned to the host.

Description

Optical record medium and method and apparatus for managing it's defect area

The present invention relates to a rewritable optical recording medium, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for managing a defect area of the optical recording medium.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as read-only ROM, write-once worm type, and rewritable rewritable type. Lose.

The ROM type optical recording medium may include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), and a worm type optical recording medium may be written once. Recordable Compact Discs (CD-Rs) and Recordable Digital Versatile Discs (DVD-Rs).

In addition, freely rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RW).

On the other hand, in the case of a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to the use characteristics thereof, so that the mixing ratio of the mixture constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is initially mixed. It becomes different from the ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defect area formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defect area.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of the optical recording medium. The defect area of the optical recording medium is managed. In addition, the user area in which actual data is recorded has a separate spare area for use when a defect occurs.

In general, four DMAs exist in one disk, two DMAs exist in the lead-in area, and the other two DMAs exist in the lead-out area.

Here, each DMA is composed of two blocks, and has a total of 32 sectors. The first block (called a DDS / PDL block) of each DMA includes a Disc Definition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block (called an SDL block) of each DMA is an SDL (Secondary). Defect List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL contains entries of defective sectors generated during the disc creation process and all the defective sectors identified during disc formatting, that is, initial formatting and re-initialization. It is stored in sector units. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector.

On the other hand, the defect data storage unit SDL lists defect information in units of blocks, and stores entries of defect regions occurring after the format or defect regions that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry includes an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the block in which the defective sector has occurred, an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the replacement block to replace it, and an unused area (as shown in FIG. Reserved). In addition, one bit is allocated to each SDL entry for Forced Reassignment Marking (FRM). If the value is 0b, the replacement block is allocated and there is no defect in the replacement block. , 1b means that no replacement block is allocated or the allocated replacement block is defective.

Therefore, defective areas (i.e., defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area are replaced with normal areas, which are usually a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied to a case where a defective area is registered in the main defect data storage unit (PDL), and is listed in the PDL in a user area in which actual data is recorded as shown in FIG. 3A. If a defective sector exists, the defective sector is skipped and replaced with the normal sector following the defective sector to record data. Therefore, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied to a case where the defective area is registered in the defective data storage unit SDL, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the linear replacement method is applied to the defective data storage unit SDL in the user area or the spare area. If there is a defect block listed, it is replaced with a replacement area in units of blocks allocated to the spare area to record data. At this time, the physical sector number (PSN) assigned to the defective block remains as it is, but the logical sector number (LSN) moves together with the data to the replacement block. This linear replacement method is effective when reading or writing data that does not require real time. The data that does not require the real time is hereinafter referred to as PC-data for convenience of explanation.

If the replacement block written in the defective data storage SDL is later found to be defective, a direct pointer method is applied to the defective data storage SDL registration. That is, by the direct pointer method, the defective replacement block is replaced with a new replacement block, and the SDL entry in which the defective replacement block is registered is modified with the sector number of the first sector of the newly replaced replacement block.

FIG. 4A shows a process of recording data in the user area or reproducing the recorded data, when a defective block listed in the defective data storage unit SDL is encountered and replaced with a replacement block, FIGS. 4B to 4D. Shows examples of SDL entries that can be generated by the linear replacement method, and sequentially shows an FRM, a first sector number of a defective block, and a first sector number of a replacement block. That is, if (1, blkA, 0) is found as shown in FIG. 4B, a defective block blkA is found, but the defect is fatal and no replacement block is allocated, and as shown in FIG. 4C, (0, blkA, blkE). Means that the replacement block blkE without defect is allocated and data to be written in the defect block blkA of the user area is replaced with the replacement block blkE of the spare area. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4D, (1, blkA, blkE) indicates a case where a defect occurs in the replacement block blkE of the spare area in which the defective block blkA of the user area is replaced, and in this case, a new method is used by the direct pointer method. Replacement blocks are allocated.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of a general optical disc recording apparatus, comprising: an optical pickup for recording and reproducing data on an optical disc, a pickup transfer unit for transferring the optical pickup, and a data processing unit for processing input data and transmitting the same to the optical pickup; , An interface, a microcomputer for controlling them, and the like, and a host is connected to an interface of the optical disc recording device so that commands and data are transmitted to each other.

When data to be recorded is generated in the optical disk recording apparatus configured as described above, the host sends a recording command to the optical disk recording apparatus. The write command includes a Logical Block Address (LBA) designating a recording position and a transfer length indicating the size of the data. The host then sends the data to be recorded to the optical disc recording apparatus. When the data to be recorded on the optical disc is input from the host, the optical disc recording apparatus starts recording from the designated LBA. In this case, the optical disc recording apparatus does not record data in the defective area by using the main defect data storage unit PDL and the defect data storage unit SDL in which information indicating a defect of the optical disc is stored.

That is, the physical sectors recorded in the main defect data storage unit PDL are skipped and recorded, and the physical blocks recorded in the defect data storage unit SDL are areas A through B of FIG. 4A. As the replacement block is assigned to the spare block, the data is recorded. In addition, if there is a defective block or an error-prone block that is not listed in the defective data storage unit (SDL) at the time of recording or reproduction, the block is regarded as a defective block and the replacement block of the spare area is found to find the data of the defective block. After rewriting, the first sector number of the defective block and the first sector number of the replacement block are recorded in the defective data storage (SDL) entry.

In this case, the defective block recorded in the defective data storage unit SDL is replaced with a replacement block assigned to the spare area, and in order to record data, the optical pickup must be transferred to the spare area and then transferred back to the user area. Time is a major obstacle to real-time recording.

Therefore, the defect area management method for the case where real-time recording is needed, such as for A / V, has been recently discussed. When one of them is defective, the SDL skips the defective block and writes the data to the next normal block when the defective block is encountered, such as the sleeping replacement method, without using the linear replacement method. The use of the Skipping method is discussed. At this time, since the optical pickup does not have to be transferred to the spare area each time it encounters a defective block, it is possible to reduce the moving time of the optical pickup and eliminate the obstacle of real time recording. That is, when the data input when using the defective data storage unit SDL is PC-data that does not require real time, a linear replacement method is used as shown in areas A to B of FIG. In this case, the skipping method is used when the defect block blkC is encountered as shown in the areas B to C of FIG. 4A. At this time, the LSN and PSN of the defect block blkC are maintained. In other words, when viewed from the host side, the number of logical sectors of an optical disk is always fixed. When skipping, the LSN is given to the defective block without writing data to the defective block. From the host's point of view, this results in the loss of the LSN. For example, if a host transmits 100 sectors of data for recording, only 84 sectors (i.e. 1 block = 16 sectors) will be recorded if there is one defective block in that area.

At this time, the file location and size of the UDF (Universal Disc Format) file system will be conceptually displayed as shown in Table 1 below.

Starting sector address Number of sectors File 1 A L Files 2 B M (or M-x) File 3 C N

Where x represents the number of defective sectors skipped in the area where file 2 is recorded.

If the host wants to read file 1 recorded by the linear replacement method, the host will look at the UDF file system and issue a command to read sectors A through L. At this time, the file 1 is recorded by the linear replacement method, and the LSN of the defective block is moved to the replacement block of the spare area, so when the defective block is encountered during reproduction, the microcomputer transfers the optical pickup to the replacement block of the spare area to reproduce the data. Therefore, if L is 100, the defective block or sector is replaced with the replacement area and all data of 100 sectors without error are transmitted to the host.

However, the above-described real time recording may cause the following problems during reproduction.

That is, when the host wants to read the file 2 recorded in real time, the host sends a command to read M sectors from the B area by looking at the UDF file system shown in Table 1 above. In this case, one or more defective blocks may not include user data among M sectors. Since file 2 is recorded in a skipping manner and the LSN is assigned to the defective blocks, M includes defective blocks. The data reproduced in the two sectors are all transmitted to the host through the interface. However, since the host does not have information about a defective block skipped, data of the defective block may be read from the host, thereby causing incorrect reproduction.

Therefore, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus should indicate to the host not to read the data of the defective block among the data reproduced and transmitted from the optical disc. In this case, since the information on the defective block remains in the defective data storage unit SDL as shown in FIGS. 4B to 4D, the microcomputer may deliver this information to the host. However, since the defective data storage unit SDL is information of a defective block by the linear replacement method, even if the real time recording is performed by the skipping method, the microcomputer records whether the information is information of PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method by the skipping method. It is not possible to distinguish whether or not it is information of real time data. Therefore, the microcomputer may transmit incorrect information to the host, which causes the microcomputer to search for a replacement block even if it encounters a defective block when performing a play command by the host, or simply discard the data of the defective block and host only an error message. An error can also occur because it is not possible to determine exactly whether to return a.

On the other hand, when the host reads the UDF file system of Table 1 and reads Mx sectors from the area B in order to read the file 2 recorded in real time, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus generates a defect among the M sectors. Subtract the data from the x sector and pass it to the host. At this time, even if the host does not have the location information on the defective block, a large problem does not occur when the data is reproduced, but instead a problem occurs when the next data is written or erased on the optical disc. That is, when recording or erasing should be started from the C position of FIG. 4A, the host issues a recording or erasing command at a position x before the C position, which may also cause loss of data recorded in real time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical recording medium and an optical recording medium for storing position information of a defective block skipped to be distinguished from information of a defective block generated by a linear replacement method. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for managing a defective area.

Another object of the present invention is to store the information on the position of the defective block skipped to the defect data storage to be distinguished from the information of the defective block listed by the linear replacement method when the data is recorded by the skipping method and to inform the host A method and apparatus for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium are provided.

1 is a view showing a data area of a general optical disc

2A shows a general SDL entry structure

Figure 3a is a view showing a typical sleeping alternative method

Figure 3b is a view showing a general linear replacement method

4A is a diagram illustrating a state in which data is recorded by a linear replacement method or a skipping method when using SDL in a general optical disc.

4B to 4D are diagrams showing an example in which information on a defect block generated at the time of recording by the linear replacement method is recorded in the SDL entry.

5 is a block diagram of a general optical disk recording apparatus;

6 is a flowchart for performing a method for managing a defective area of an optical record carrier according to the present invention.

7 illustrates an example of storing location information of a skipped block in an SDL entry according to the present invention.

8A illustrates an example of displaying real time recording or PC data recording using an unused area of an SDL entry in the defect area management method according to the present invention.

FIG. 8B shows an example in which the information of a defective block is recorded in the SDL entry of FIG. 8A at the time of recording by the linear replacement method.

FIG. 8C illustrates an example in which information of a defective block is recorded in the SDL entry of FIG. 8A when recording by the skipping method. FIG.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium, the method comprising: determining a type of data to be recorded, and substituting a replacement block of a replacement area for a defective block found during data recording. Determining whether to write according to the type of data to be recorded and recording the data according to the determined method, and recording identification information indicating that the defective block is replaced with a replacement block on the replacement area or not according to the result. Characterized in that it comprises a step.

When the data to be recorded in the determination step is real time data, the defective block is not replaced by a replacement block on the replacement area.

The identification information is recorded so as to indicate that the defective block generated during the real time recording is not replaced by the replacement block of the replacement area.

The defective block generated when the data to be recorded is non-real-time data is recorded in the replacement block on the replacement area, and the identification information is recorded so as to indicate that the data has been replaced.

When there is no spare area on the replacement area, the identification information is recorded so as not to be replaced by the defective block and to indicate that it is not replaced.

The identification information is recorded in connection with the position of the defective block.

When the data to be recorded is real time data, the identification information is recorded together with the position information of the defective block to indicate that the defective block has not been replaced, and the position information of the replacement block is set to "0" and recorded. It is characterized by.

If the data to be recorded is non-real-time data, allocating a replacement block of a replacement area for the defective block, recording the data in the assigned replacement block, and indicating that the defective block has been replaced. In addition to recording the identification information, it is characterized in that the position of the replacement block and the position of the defective block on the replacement area together.

An optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus for managing a defective area according to the present invention includes an optical pickup for recording / reproducing data and a replacement area allocated for a defective block on the optical disc according to the type of data to be recorded or reproduced. A control for determining whether or not to replace the data with a replacement block, and according to the determination, identification information indicating whether the defective block has been replaced with a replacement block of the replacement area to control the optical pickup to record in a specific area on the optical disc; It characterized in that it comprises a means.

The control means controls the optical pickup to skip the defective block and record the real time data in the next normal block when the data to be recorded or reproduced is the real time data.

An optical recording medium according to the present invention comprises a replacement area composed of replacement blocks for replacing defective blocks, and a defect management area for managing a defective block, wherein the defect management area provides information on an area where a defect has occurred. Defective area location information for storing, replacement area location information for storing information on a replacement area for replacing the defective area, and identification indicating whether the defective area has been replaced with the replacement area Information is included, wherein the identification information is at least set according to the type of data to be recorded or reproduced.

The defect management area includes a primary defect management area (PDL) and a secondary defect management area (SDL), and the defect area location information, replacement area location information, and identification information are stored in the secondary defect management area. It is characterized by being recorded.

An optical recording medium according to the present invention includes a defect management area for managing a defective block and a replacement area for replacing the defective block, wherein first identification information for indicating whether the corresponding defective block is replaced on the defect management area. And second identification information indicating the position of the defective block.

The defect management area is divided into a first defect management information area and a second defect management information area, wherein the first and second identification information are recorded on the second defect management information area.

The first identification information is set and recorded according to the type of data to be recorded / reproduced.

The data type is divided into real time data and non real time data, and the identification information is set differently according to recording or reproducing the real time data or non real time data.

In case of storing the information about the skipped block, if the information of the replacement block is already recorded, it is maintained as it is.

The location information of the skipped block is notified to the host, and the host uses the location information of the skipped block at the time of data reproduction.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention stores the position information of the skipped defect block when the defective block exists when recording real-time data by the skipping method, and informs the host of the defective block. The position information of the skipped block is recorded by the linear replacement method. Differentiate and store the location information of the stored defect block.

6 is a flowchart illustrating this process.

In other words, when data is input from the host through the interface for recording (step 601), the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus is the PC-data which requires the linear replacement method or the real-time for the skipping method. It is determined whether it is data (step 602).

If it is determined in step 602 that the data is PC-data, if there is a defective block or a large number of error-bearing blocks recorded in the defective data storage unit (SDL) during data recording, the information on the defective block is recorded while the data is written by the linear replacement method. The SDL entry is stored in any one of FIGS. 4B to 4D (step 604). In this case, if there is no spare block in the spare area and the replacement block that replaces the defective block cannot be allocated, the defective block is not replaced, and when the information of the defective block is registered in the defective data storage unit SDL, the defect is deleted. Indicates that a block was not replaced.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 602 that the data is real-time, the data is recorded on the optical disk (step 603), and it is determined whether there are any defective blocks or defective blocks recorded in the defective data storage unit SDL. Step 605). If there are defective blocks or error-prone defect blocks recorded in the defective data storage unit SDL, the block writes data to the next normal block after skipping (step 606).

At this time, the position information of the skipped defective block should be stored, which is stored so as to be distinguished from the information of the defective block generated by the existing linear replacement method (step 607). This is to allow the microcomputer to distinguish between real-time data recorded by the skipping method or PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of storing position information on a defective block to be skipped in the defective data storage unit SDL. When a defective block blkC is present during real time recording, the defective block blkC is skipped. This is an example of writing (0, blkC, 0) to the defective data storage unit SDL while recording data in the next normal block. That is, since no replacement block is needed at this time, information on the replacement block of the spare area should be removed from the defective data storage (SDL) entry, and only the definition of the FRM needs to be changed. For example, if the FRM is 0b, it may be modified to recognize that a defective block has occurred in the skipping method or that a replacement block is assigned in the linear replacement method and that there is no defect in the replacement block. This is to distinguish the defective data storage unit (SDL) entries listed by the linear replacement method, in which there is no block replaced only in the spare area even if a defective block exists in real time recording. If areas B to C of FIG. 4A were previously written by the linear replacement method and the information of the defective block remains as (0, blkC, blkG) in the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry, this area is rewritten by the skipping method. If any, the failing data store (SDL) entry is modified to (0, blkC, 0).

Another example is the use of a reserved area of a SDL entry. At this time, the unused area is set to 1 or 0 to determine whether the information listed in the data storage unit SDL is defective block information of real-time data recorded by the skipping method or defective block information of PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method. To distinguish between them. An embodiment is shown in FIG. 8.

This keeps the information of the replacement block of the spare area that was previously registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry by the linear replacement method in the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry even when the skipping method is recorded. This is to reuse the information. That is, when data is rewritten by skipping in the area written by the linear replacement method and then rewritten by the linear replacement method, if there is no information on the replacement block, a replacement block is replaced in the spare area to replace the defective block. Must be assigned. In this case, the position of the newly allocated replacement block is a replacement block after the replacement block finally allocated in the spare area, for example, a block following the replacement block blkH as shown in FIG. 4A is allocated as the replacement block. That is, since the replacement block previously allocated cannot be used, the use capacity of the optical disk is reduced by that amount, thereby reducing the use efficiency of the optical disk.

Therefore, if the information on the replacement block is kept as it is during the skipping method, the previously allocated replacement block can be used as it is when rewriting by the linear replacement method as described above, thereby increasing the use efficiency of the optical disc.

For example, if information of the replacement block (blkG) of the spare area in which the data of the defective block (blkC) was replaced by the previous linear replacement recording was kept without being discarded from the defective data storage (SDL) entry during the real time recording, The data of the defective block blkC is not written to the new replacement block of the spare area but is replaced with the previously allocated replacement block blkG.

To this end, one bit is allocated among the unused areas of the existing SDL entry, and the bit is set to 1 or 0 so that the information listed in the defect data storage SDL is recorded by the skipping method. It is possible to distinguish between defective block information of data and defective block information of PC-data recorded by the linear replacement method. FIG. 8A shows the use of the unused bit following the FRM bit in the unused area of the defective data storage (SDL) entry. This bit is referred to as a Linear Replacemrnt Control (LRC) bit in the present invention.

At this time, if the information on the replacement block is already recorded in the area in which the sector number of the first sector is recorded in the replacement block, it is kept as it is. For example, if the defective data storage (SDL) entry is (0, 0, blkC, blkG) as shown in FIG. 8B, data is written by the linear replacement method, the replacement block is allocated, and the assigned replacement block is defective. This means no. In addition, if the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry is (0, 1, blkC, blkG) as shown in FIG. 8C, data was recorded by the skipping method, a defect occurred in the block blkC, and a replacement block during recording / reproducing. The information in (blkG) means only maintenance and no use.

Here, one of the methods for setting or resetting the LRC bit is to set a default value of the LRC bit to zero when writing the defective data storage unit (SDL), and then to record the defective block when writing real-time data. When it encounters, the defective block is skipped to record data. At this time, the LRC bit of the defective data storage unit (SDL) entry in which the defective block information is stored is set to 1. If a defective block is encountered during playback, it checks the LRC bit of the SDL entry. If it is '0', the data is reproduced by linear replacement method because it is general PC data, and if it is '1', it is a real time recording data. Play the data.

In addition, if the LRC bit is set to '1' when the PC data is overwritten by the linear replacement method in the area where the real time data has already been recorded by the skipping method, it is reset to '0'.

Then, the microcomputer of the optical disc recording apparatus sends the position information of the skipped defective block to the host so that the host can recognize it. There may be various ways of sending (step 608).

For example, the position information of the defective block may be inserted into a header and transmitted to the host, or a command that may recognize only a skipped block may be newly transmitted, and the host may execute a command execution report after recording of data for real time. The location information of the defective block may also be transmitted when sending to (step 609).

Therefore, even when the wrong data of the skipped block, that is, the previous data recorded in the skipped block, are all reproduced and transmitted from the optical disk recording apparatus during data reproduction, the host uses the position information of the skipped defective block received from the microcomputer in advance. After discarding the skipped block data, only the normal block data can be read. As a result, the host does not play incorrectly due to skipped blocks.

In addition, even if the data of the skipped block from the optical disk recording apparatus is transmitted to the host without any data skipped, the host has the position information of the skipped block. Can be transferred to the microcomputer.

As described above, according to the method of managing the optical recording medium and the defect area of the optical recording medium according to the present invention, the defective block or the error-prone defect recorded in the data storage unit SDL during the recording of data requiring real time recording. If a block exists, the defective block is skipped and data is written to the next normal block, and the position information of the skipped defective block is distinguished from the information of the defective block generated by the linear replacement method. ) And notify the host. Therefore, the host can know the position information of the skipped defective block, so that the correct playback command can be transmitted to the optical disc recording device when data is reproduced, which causes the optical disc recording / reproducing device to encounter a defective block when reproducing data recorded on the optical disc. You will be able to determine exactly whether you need to go to the replacement block or just discard the data in the defective block and return only the error message to the host. Eventually, accurate data reproduction is achieved.

The host also knows the location of the skipped fault block, so it can issue correct write commands or delete commands, thereby avoiding the loss of real-time write data that occurred during data write or erase.

Claims (17)

Determining the type of data to be recorded; Determining, according to the type of data to be recorded, whether or not to replace the defective block found during data recording with the replacement block of the replacement area, and recording the data according to the determined method; And recording identification information indicating that the defective block has been replaced or replaced with a replacement block on the replacement area according to the result. The method of claim 1, And when the data to be recorded in the determining step is real time data, the defective block is not replaced by a replacement block on the replacement area. The method of claim 2, And recording the identification information so as to indicate that the defective block generated during the real-time recording has not been replaced by the replacement block of the replacement area. The method of claim 1, And recording the identification information to indicate that the defective block is generated when the data to be recorded is non-real-time data in a replacement block on the replacement area and to indicate that the data has been replaced. The method of claim 4, wherein And if there is no free area on the replacement area, the identification information is recorded so as to indicate that the defective block has not been replaced and not replaced. The method of claim 1, And the identification information is recorded in connection with a position of a defective block. The method of claim 6, When the data to be recorded is real time data, the identification information is recorded together with the position information of the defective block to indicate that the defective block is not replaced, and the position information of the replacement block is set to "0" to record. A defect area management method of an optical record carrier. The method of claim 6, wherein when the data to be recorded is non-real-time data, Allocating a replacement block of a replacement area for the defective block; Writing the data to an assigned replacement block; And recording the identification information so as to indicate that the defective block has been replaced, and recording the position of the replacement block and the position of the defective block on the replacement area together. An optical disc recording / playback apparatus, Optical pickup for recording / reproducing data; According to the type of data to be recorded or reproduced, it is determined whether to replace or record the data with a replacement block of the replacement area allocated for the defective block on the optical disc, and according to the determination, whether the defective block has been replaced with a replacement block of the replacement area. And control means for controlling the optical pickup to record the identification information indicating a to a specific area on the optical disc. The method of claim 9, And the control means controls the optical pickup to skip the defective block if the data to be recorded or reproduced is the real time data and to record the real time data to the next normal block. A replacement area composed of replacement blocks for replacing defective blocks, It consists of a defect management area for managing defect blocks, The defect management area includes defect area location information for storing information on the area where a defect has occurred; Replacement area position information for storing information on the replacement area for replacing the defective area; And identification information indicating whether the defective area has been replaced with the replacement area, wherein the identification information is set according to at least the type of data to be recorded or reproduced. The method of claim 11, The defect management area includes a primary defect management area (PDL) and a secondary defect management area (SDL), and the defect area location information, replacement area location information, and identification information are stored in the secondary defect management area. An optical recording / reproducing medium, which is recorded. A defect management area for managing the defective block and a replacement area for replacing the defective block, First identification information for indicating whether a corresponding defect block has been replaced on the defect management area; And second identification information indicating the position of the defective block. The method of claim 13, The defect management area is divided into a first defect management information area and a second defect management information area, wherein the first and second identification information are recorded on the second defect management information area. / Playback medium. The method of claim 13, And the first identification information is set and recorded according to the type of data to be recorded / reproduced. The method of claim 15, The data type is divided into real-time data and non-real-time data, And the identification information is set differently according to the recording or reproducing of the real time data or the non real time data. Defect area position information for storing information on a region where a defect has occurred, substitute region position information for storing information about a replacement region to replace the region where a defect has occurred, and the region where the defect has occurred; A defect management area including identification information indicating whether a replacement area has been replaced, wherein the identification information is set according to the type of data to be recorded or reproduced. Determining the type of data to be recorded; In the step, when the data to be recorded or reproduced is real time data, the identification information recorded in the defect management area is set to indicate that the defect block is not replaced, and when the data to be recorded or reproduced is non-real time data, the replacement is performed. Recording the identification information on the area and indicating that the defective block has been replaced by a valid replacement block on the defect management area. How to manage defective areas.