JP2011167031A - Power supplying device for moving body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a configuration capable of reducing a power loss during power transmission and increasing continuous power transmission time from a fixed power supplying device to a moving body while the moving body is moving and shortening or eliminating interruption time of power transmission, concerning the power supplying devices for the moving body. <P>SOLUTION: A vehicle charging system includes a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 provided on the road 10 side, a plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 provided on the vehicle 14, and a switcher. The system supplies power from the primary self-resonant coils 12 to the secondary self-resonant coils 16. The plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 are so arranged that the secondary self-resonant coils 16 opposing face to face the primary self-resonant coils 12 may be switched along with the movement of the vehicle 14. The switcher switches the primary self-resonant coils 12 to be supplied with power along with the movement of the vehicle 14 so that power may be supplied only to one primary self-resonant coil 12 that constitute a specific pair when a predetermined condition is satisfied. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a mobile power feeding device that includes a plurality of primary coils provided on a fixed side and a plurality of secondary coils provided on a mobile body, and feeds power from the primary coil to the secondary coil.

  Conventionally, in an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, it has been considered to drive a traveling motor that drives wheels with electric power supplied from a battery. For example, a hybrid vehicle includes a traveling motor and an engine, and uses at least one of the traveling motor and the engine as a drive source for the vehicle.

  In such an electric vehicle, when the charging power of the battery is exhausted, the generator is driven by the engine, the electric power generated by the generator is supplied to the battery and charged, the old battery is replaced with a new battery, It is considered that AC power supplied from an AC power source is converted to DC power, and then supplied to a battery for charging. For example, in the case of a vehicle called a plug-in hybrid vehicle, a plug provided on one side of the charging cable is connected to an outlet connected to an external power source such as a household power supply, and the plug provided on the other side of the charging cable is connected to the vehicle. It is considered to charge the battery by connecting to a charging port provided in the battery. In contrast, a mobile power feeding device that wirelessly feeds power from a primary coil provided on the fixed side to a secondary coil provided on the vehicle, which is a moving body, can be used to wirelessly power the vehicle from an external power source. It is considered to transmit power and charge a battery.

  For example, as described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to charge an in-vehicle power storage device from a power source outside the vehicle by power transmission using a resonance method, which is wireless power transmission without using a power cord or a power transmission cable. Charging systems are known. The charging system includes an electric vehicle and a power feeding device. The electric vehicle is configured to be electromagnetically coupled to the primary resonance coil of the power feeding device by the resonance of the electromagnetic field, to receive high-frequency power from the primary resonance coil, and to be able to receive power from the secondary resonance coil by electromagnetic induction. Secondary coil, a rectifier, and a power storage device. The rectifier rectifies the power received by the secondary coil, and the power storage device stores the power rectified by the rectifier. Further, in Patent Document 1, one or both of the secondary resonance coil and the secondary coil are set as a plurality of sets on the vehicle side, or one or both of the primary resonance coil and the primary coil are set as a set on the power feeding device side. It is described that.

  Patent Document 2 describes a contactless power feeding system including a contactless power feeding unit and a contactless power receiving device. The non-contact power feeding unit has a core around which a coil to which an alternating current is supplied is wound. The non-contact power receiving device includes a plurality of air-core coils that are provided at the bottom of the transport body and arranged in the transport direction inductively coupled to the coil, and magnetic flux generated around the coil of the non-contact power feeding unit is applied to the air-core coil. It is supposed that the induced electromotive force generated in the air-core coil is received by interlinking. In Patent Document 2, a plurality of coils for supplying an alternating current are arranged, and when one coil is applied to a gap between a plurality of air-core coils, another coil is simultaneously a gap between the plurality of air-core coils. I don't want to touch it.

JP 2009-106136 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006- 211804

  In the case of the charging system described in Patent Document 1 described above, charging from the power source outside the vehicle to the in-vehicle power storage device can be performed by power transmission using the resonance method, which is wireless power transmission. Providing a plurality of coils and a plurality of secondary resonance coils on the moving body side is not described. For this reason, there is room for improvement from the aspect of extending the continuous power transmission time from the power supply device outside the vehicle to the in-vehicle power storage device and shortening the power transmission suspension time while the vehicle is running. For example, when only one primary resonance coil is provided and a plurality of secondary resonance coils are provided, the primary resonance coil is not opposed to any one of the secondary resonance coils so that the primary resonance coil is directly opposed to the primary resonance coil, and then the primary resonance coil is primary resonant with another secondary resonance coil. There is a possibility that sufficient power cannot be transmitted at a break until the coils face each other so as to face each other. Even when the primary resonance coil and the secondary resonance coil face each other with a slight deviation from the facing state, there is a possibility that power can be transmitted in the case of the resonance method in which electromagnetic transmission is performed by electromagnetically coupling by electromagnetic field resonance. Even in such a case, the power transmission efficiency is highest when the primary resonant coil and the secondary resonant coil are directly facing each other, and there is a possibility that sufficient power transmission cannot be performed if the power is greatly deviated from the facing state. Therefore, when transmitting a certain amount of power within a certain set time, the maximum transmitted power per unit time may increase, and in this case, the power loss may increase. In addition, when the maximum power transmitted per unit time is reduced, the time required for power transmission may become longer.

  Further, in the case of the non-contact power feeding system described in Patent Document 2, power is supplied from the fixed coil to the air core coil on the carrier side during the conveyance of the carrier that is the moving body, and further, the coil on the fixed side. Since there are a plurality of transporting directions in the transport direction, it cannot be said that there is no possibility that the continuous power transmission time from the fixed-side power feeding device to the load on the transport body side can be increased and the power transmission suspension time can be shortened during transport of the transport body. . In this case, it cannot be said that there is no possibility of reducing the power transmitted per unit time. However, since AC power is always supplied to the plurality of coils regardless of the positional relationship with the air-core coil, power loss may increase.

  The present invention relates to a mobile power feeding device that increases the continuous power transmission time from the stationary power feeding device to the mobile side during movement of the mobile body, shortens or eliminates the power transmission pause time, and It aims at realizing the structure which can reduce a loss.

  A moving body power supply apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of primary coils provided on a fixed side and a plurality of secondary coils provided on the moving body, and supplies power from the primary coil to the secondary coil. The plurality of secondary coils are arranged such that when the moving body moves, the secondary coil facing the primary coil is switched so as to be specified when a predetermined condition is established. A moving body power supply apparatus comprising switching means for switching a primary coil that supplies electric power as the moving body moves so that electric power is supplied only to the primary coil.

  In the mobile power feeding device according to the present invention, preferably, a measuring unit that measures the positions of a plurality of secondary coils or a mobile body provided with a plurality of secondary coils, and the positions of the plurality of primary coils are output. Distance estimating means for identifying a pair of the nearest first coil and one secondary coil and estimating the center-to-center distance between the specific primary coil and the specific secondary coil that respectively constitute the specified pair And the switching means, when the predetermined condition is satisfied, when the distance between the centers is equal to or less than a predetermined value set in advance, with the movement of the moving body so as to supply power only to the specific primary coil, Switch the primary coil that supplies power.

  In the mobile power feeding device according to the present invention, preferably, the plurality of secondary coils are arranged such that the distance between the centers of the plurality of secondary coils is different from the distance between the centers of the plurality of primary coils. ing.

  In the mobile power feeding device according to the present invention, preferably, the plurality of secondary coils are arranged in a line along the moving direction of the mobile body, and the plurality of primary coils are arranged in order to the plurality of secondary coils. They are arranged in a row so that they can face each other in the vertical direction.

  In the mobile power feeder according to the present invention, preferably, the plurality of secondary coils include a plurality of lower secondary coils arranged in the mobile body along the moving direction of the mobile body, and a plurality of lower coils. The upper secondary coil is disposed on the moving body so as to be displaced in the horizontal direction on the upper side of the side secondary coil.

  In the mobile power feeding device according to the present invention, preferably, a plurality of secondary coils are arranged on the mobile body so as to be shifted in a moving direction of the mobile body and a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the mobile body. The plurality of primary coils are arranged in a plurality of rows so as to be opposed to the corresponding secondary coils in the vertical direction so as to be shifted in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body.

  In the mobile power feeding device according to the present invention, preferably, when it is determined that the interval between the primary coil of 1 and the secondary coil of 1 is within a predetermined value, the resonance frequency of only the secondary coil of 1 is set. Resonance frequency changing means for changing the frequency to match the frequency based on the power supply frequency is provided.

  In the mobile power feeding device according to the present invention, preferably, when the interval between the primary coil of 1 and the secondary coil of 1 is determined to be within a predetermined value, the resonance frequency of only the primary coil of 1 Resonance frequency changing means for changing the resonance frequency of only one secondary coil so as to coincide with the frequency based on the power supply frequency is provided.

  According to the mobile power feeding device of the present invention, when the mobile body moves, the primary coil and the secondary coil transmitted by the primary coil face each other, and then the primary coil and the secondary coil Can reduce or eliminate the time it takes to face each other. For this reason, the period when electric power is not transmitted can be shortened or eliminated. That is, it is easy to realize long continuous power transmission from the fixed-side power feeding device to the mobile body while the mobile body is moving, and it is possible to shorten or eliminate the power transmission suspension time. As a result, when transmitting power within a certain set time, the maximum transmitted power per unit time can be reduced and power loss can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to shorten the overall time from the start of power transmission to the end of power transmission, including the power transmission suspension time, which is necessary when transmitting the same power. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the continuous power transmission time from the fixed-side power supply apparatus to the mobile body while the mobile body is moving, to shorten or eliminate the power transmission suspension time, and to reduce power loss during power transmission. Further, when a predetermined condition set in advance is established, a switching means for switching the primary coil that supplies power as the moving body moves so as to supply power only to the identified primary coil is provided. AC power is not always supplied to the primary coil, and power loss during power transmission can be further reduced.

It is a whole lineblock diagram showing the vehicle charge system which is the mobile power feeder of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, it is a figure which shows the structure by the side of a vehicle in detail. In FIG. 2, it is a figure which shows the circuit for charging an electrical storage part from the secondary electrical storage side coil, and driving a motor by an electrical storage part. It is a block diagram which shows the component of 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which looked at the primary self-resonance coil on the road side, and the secondary self-resonance coil on the vehicle side from the top downward. In the first embodiment, when the vehicle travels, when the primary self-resonant coil on the road side and the secondary self-resonant coil on the vehicle side face each other (a), another primary following it It is a schematic diagram which shows (b) when a self-resonance coil and another secondary self-resonance coil oppose. In 1st Embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the vehicle charging method which is a mobile body electric power feeding method. In a comparative example that is out of the scope of the present invention, when the vehicle travels, when the road side primary self-resonant coil and the vehicle side secondary self-resonant coil face each other (a), in another combination that follows, It is a schematic diagram which shows (b) when a primary self-resonance coil and a secondary self-resonance coil oppose. In 1st Embodiment and a comparative example, it is a figure which shows one example of the time passage of transmission power. In 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention, it is the schematic which shows the self-resonance coil of a primary side and a secondary side, a power supply side, an electrical storage side coil, and a controller. In 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention, it is a flowchart which shows the vehicle charging method which is a mobile body electric power feeding method. In 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention, it is the schematic which shows the self-resonance coil of a primary side and a secondary side, a power supply side, an electrical storage side coil, and a controller. In 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention, it is a flowchart which shows the vehicle charging method which is a mobile body electric power feeding method. In 4th Embodiment which concerns on this invention, it is a schematic diagram which shows the change of the positional relationship of the primary self-resonance coil of the road side, and the secondary self-resonance coil of the vehicle side in time series when a vehicle drive | works. is there. In the fifth embodiment according to the present invention, when the vehicle travels, the positional relationship between the primary self-resonance coil on the road side and the secondary self-resonance coil on the vehicle side is shown in time series, from above. It is the schematic diagram seen below.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 show a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle charging system that is the mobile power feeding device of the present embodiment includes a primary self-resonant coil 12 that is a plurality of primary coils provided on the road 10 side that is a fixed side. The secondary self-resonant coil 16, which is a plurality of secondary coils provided in the vehicle 14 that is a moving body, supplies power from the primary self-resonant coil 12 to the secondary self-resonant coil 16. For this reason, the vehicle charging system includes a power feeding device 18 and a vehicle 14 that is an electric vehicle.

  The power feeding device 18 includes an AC power source 20, a plurality of primary power source side coils 22 (see FIG. 2, not shown in FIG. 1), and a plurality of changeover switches provided between the AC power source 20 and each primary power source side coil 22. 24, a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12, a primary side controller 26 (FIG. 4) as a control unit, and a primary side communication device 28 (FIG. 4). The AC power supply 20 is an external power supply, for example, a system power supply. A high-frequency power driver 29 is provided between the AC power supply 20 and the plurality of changeover switches 24, and the high-frequency power driver 29 converts the power output from the AC power supply 20 to the vehicle 14 side from the primary self-resonant coil 12. It converts into the high frequency electric power which can be transmitted to the secondary self-resonant coil 16, and supplies the converted high frequency electric power to the primary power supply side coil 22 (FIG. 2).

  The primary power supply side coil 22 shown in FIG. 2 is configured to be able to transmit power to the primary self-resonant coil 12 by electromagnetic induction, and is preferably arranged coaxially with the corresponding primary self-resonant coil 12. The primary power supply side coil 22 outputs power from the AC power supply 20 to the primary self-resonant coil 12. As shown in FIG. 5 to be described later, the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 are arranged in a line in a straight line (up and down direction in FIG. 5) on a straight road that is a dedicated charging section of the road 10. That is, the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 are arranged so as to be arranged at equal intervals, for example, in a line on a straight line so that the axial direction is directed vertically.

  Further, the primary power supply side coil 22 shown in FIG. 2 is arranged in the vicinity of the ground of the straight road of the road 10 so as to be substantially opposed to the lower side of the primary self-resonant coils 12 in the vertical direction. That is, the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 are arranged so as to be arranged at equal intervals, for example, in a line on a straight line so that the axial direction is directed vertically. The primary self-resonant coil 12 is an unconnected LC resonant coil whose both ends are open.

  On the other hand, the vehicle 14 is, for example, a hybrid vehicle that uses at least one of an engine (not shown) and a travel motor 30 as a main drive source, or an electric vehicle that is an electric vehicle that uses the travel motor 30 as a main drive source. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle 14 includes two secondary self-resonant coils 16 and a secondary self-resonant coil that are arranged near the floor so as to be aligned in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 14 (left-right direction in FIG. 2). 16, a secondary power storage side coil 32 arranged opposite to the vertical direction, a rectifier 34 connected to the secondary power storage side coil 32, a power storage unit 36, a drive unit 38 including an inverter circuit, and a control unit A secondary controller 40 (FIG. 3) and a traveling motor 30.

  The secondary self-resonant coil 16 is an LC resonant coil with both ends open. The second secondary self-resonant coils 16 are arranged, for example, so as to be aligned in the front-rear direction of the vehicle so that the axial direction is directed in the up-down direction. That is, the second secondary self-resonant coils 16 are arranged in a line along the front-rear direction which is the moving direction of the vehicle. A plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 arranged on the road 10 side are arranged in a row so as to be opposed to the two secondary self-resonant coils 16 in order in the vertical direction as the vehicle 14 moves.

  The secondary self-resonant coil 16 is electromagnetically coupled to the primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side by electromagnetic field resonance, and is configured to receive power from the primary self-resonant coil 12. A method of transmitting power by such a method is called a “resonance method”. The secondary self-resonant coil 16 is adjusted to the voltage of the power storage unit 36, the distance between the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16, the resonance frequency between the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16, etc. Based on the coil shape such as the number of turns and the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the primary power source so that the value indicating the resonance strength between the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 and the value indicating the degree of coupling are increased. The distance between the side coil 22, the secondary power storage side coil 32, and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 is set.

  The secondary power storage side coil 32 is configured to be able to receive power from the secondary self-resonant coil 16 by electromagnetic induction, and is preferably arranged coaxially with the corresponding secondary self-resonant coil 16. The secondary power storage side coil 32 outputs the power received from the secondary self-resonant coil 16 to the rectifier 34. The rectifier 34 rectifies high-frequency AC power received from the secondary power storage side coil 32 into DC power and outputs the DC power to the power storage unit 36. Instead of the rectifier 34, an AC / DC converter that converts high-frequency AC power received from the secondary power storage side coil 32 into DC power supplied to the power storage unit 36 may be used.

  The power storage unit 36 is a DC power source that can be charged and discharged, and is configured by a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery. In addition to storing the electric power supplied from the rectifier 34, the power storage unit 36 also has a function of storing electric power generated by the traveling motor 30 along with braking of the wheels. The power storage unit 36 can supply power to the secondary controller 40. A large-capacity capacitor can also be used as the power storage unit 36.

  The drive unit 38 converts the electric power supplied from the power storage unit 36 into an AC voltage and outputs it to the traveling motor 30 to drive the traveling motor 30. In addition, the drive unit 38 rectifies the electric power generated by the traveling motor 30 into direct-current power and outputs it to the power storage unit 36 to charge the power storage unit 36.

  The traveling motor 30 is supplied with electric power from the power storage unit 36 via the driving unit 38, generates a vehicle driving force, and outputs the generated driving force to the wheels.

  Further, as shown in detail in FIG. 3, a rectifier 34 connected to the secondary power storage side coil 32 is connected to the power storage unit 36 via the first switch 42, so that the positive and negative sides of the power storage unit 36 are driven. A second switch 44 is provided between the unit 38. The secondary-side controller 40 connects the first switch 42 and the second switch 44 and shuts off the other to supply power to the traveling motor 30 to drive the traveling motor 30. Alternatively, it is possible to switch whether to charge the power storage unit 36 from the AC power supply 20 (FIGS. 1 and 2). Only one rectifier may be provided in common between the first switch 42 corresponding to the second secondary power storage side coil 32 and the power storage unit 36. In this case, the power rectified by the rectifier from the corresponding secondary power storage side coil 32 can be supplied to the power storage unit 36 by connecting any of the first switches 42. Further, when the first secondary self-resonant coil 16 of the second secondary self-resonant coils 16 is the specific power receiving coil, the corresponding first switch 42 is connected and the other first switch 42 is shut off.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the power feeding device 18 includes an AC power source 20 (FIGS. 1 and 2), a plurality of primary power source side coils 22 (FIG. 2), an AC power source 20 and a plurality of primary power source side coils 22. A plurality of change-over switches 24 (only one is shown in FIG. 4), a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 (FIGS. 1 and 2), a primary controller 26 as a control unit, and a primary side Communication device 28. Further, the vehicle 14 includes a secondary controller 40, a secondary communication device 46, and vehicle state measuring means 48.

  The primary-side communication device 28 and the secondary-side communication device 46 can receive and transmit by radio to the secondary-side communication device 46 or the primary-side communication device 28 that are the other party. For example, when the secondary side communication device 46 receives a signal representing power supply permission from the secondary side controller 40, the secondary side communication device 46 can transmit a signal representing the power supply permission wirelessly to the primary side communication device 28. The primary-side communication device 28 sends the received power supply permission signal to the primary-side controller 26 to switch connection / disconnection, that is, on / off, of the selector switch 24 selected as will be described later. The primary side controller 26 and the secondary side controller 40 each include a microcomputer having a storage unit such as a CPU and a memory.

  Further, the vehicle state measuring means 48 is a GPS unit, includes a GPS (Global Positioning System), a speed sensor, a gyro sensor, and the like, and a current own vehicle position of the vehicle 14 including the secondary self-resonant coil 16; The traveling direction of the vehicle 14 and the vehicle speed that is the traveling speed are obtained, and the vehicle position is specified on the map stored in the storage unit. The vehicle state measuring unit 48 outputs the vehicle position and the traveling direction to a primary coil specifying unit 50 and a primary / secondary coil inter-coil distance estimating unit 52, which will be described later, included in the secondary-side controller 40. Outputs the vehicle speed.

  The secondary-side controller 40 includes a primary coil position output unit 56, the primary coil specifying unit 50, a primary / secondary coil distance estimation unit 52, a coil facing determination unit 54, and a power supply permission unit 58. The primary coil position output means 56 stores the predetermined positions of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 on the map together with the map information in the storage unit in advance, and outputs them to the primary coil specifying means 50.

  The primary coil specifying means 50 is arranged at a position that comes closest to the front in the traveling direction when the vehicle 14 moves based on the own vehicle position and the traveling direction sent from the vehicle state measuring means 48. The primary self-resonant coil group including the coil 12 or its primary self-resonant coil 12 is specified and output to the primary-secondary-coil distance estimating means 52. The primary self-resonant coil group includes a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 arranged on a straight path, for example.

  Further, the primary-secondary inter-coil distance estimating means 52 includes the own vehicle position and the traveling direction sent from the vehicle state measuring means 48, the primary self-resonant coil 12 or the primary self-resonant coil group specified by the primary coil specifying means 50, Based on the above, the position of the second secondary self-resonant coil 16 is acquired. The primary-secondary-coil distance estimating means 52 is a specific feeding coil that specifies the pair of the nearest primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 of the first and constitutes the identified pair. The inter-coil distance that is the center-to-center distance between the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 that is the specific power receiving coil is estimated and output to the coil facing determination means 54. In addition, the position of the second secondary self-resonant coil 16 can be acquired from the vehicle position by the vehicle state measuring unit 48, and the acquired value can be output to the distance estimating unit 52 between the primary and secondary coils.

  For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side, which is a straight road, and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the vehicle 14 side as viewed from above. Thus, when the primary self-resonant coils 12 are arranged in a line with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 14 (the direction of the arrow α in FIG. 5), the primary-secondary-coil distance estimation unit 52 (FIG. 4) 14, the primary self-resonant coil 12 that is the specific power supply coil that faces the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the front side (upper side in FIG. 5) first, and the secondary self-resonant of the front side of the vehicle 14 that is the specific power receiving coil. A pair with the coil 16 is specified, and an inter-coil distance Lc that is a distance between the centers of the specified pair is calculated, that is, estimated.

  The coil facing determination unit 54 determines whether or not the specific power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil are substantially opposed to each other. Here, “the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil are substantially opposite” means that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil are opposed to each other in the vertical direction in a confronting manner with the specific power receiving coil. This includes the case where the inter-coil distance Lc, which is the distance between the centers of the two coils in the horizontal direction when the specific feeding coil is viewed from above, is within a predetermined range. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 5, when the inter-coil distance Lc is equal to or less than a predetermined value ε (Lc ≦ ε), it is determined that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil are substantially opposed to each other. For this purpose, the coil facing determination means 54 uses the vehicle speed sent from the vehicle state measurement means 48 (FIG. 4). This will be described in detail later.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when it is determined by the coil facing determination means 54 that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil are substantially opposed, a signal indicating the result is output to the power supply permission means 58, and the power supply permission means 58 58 outputs a power supply permission signal indicating the specific power supply coil and power supply permission to the secondary side communication device 46, and the secondary side communication device 46 transmits a signal to the primary side communication device 28 wirelessly. Based on this transmission signal, the primary side communication device 28 outputs a power supply permission signal to the primary side controller 26. Based on the power supply permission signal, the primary-side controller 26 supplies the AC power to one primary power-side coil 22 (FIG. 2) corresponding to the one primary self-resonant coil 12 (FIGS. 1 and 2), which is a specific power supply coil. 20 is selected so that power is not supplied from AC power supply 20 (FIGS. 1 and 2) to primary power supply side coils 22 corresponding to all primary self-resonant coils 12 other than one specific power supply coil. The connection / disconnection of the changeover switch 24 is controlled. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the primary power supply side coil 22 corresponding to the specific power supply coil is supplied with the frequency-converted power from the AC power supply 20 via the high frequency power driver 29, and the primary power supply side coil Electric power is transmitted from 22 to the primary self-resonant coil 12 by electromagnetic induction. In addition, power is transmitted from the primary self-resonant coil 12 to the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the vehicle 14 side by magnetic field resonance, and power is transmitted from the secondary self-resonant coil 16 to the secondary power storage side coil 32 by electromagnetic induction. The A current rectified to a direct current by the rectifier 34 is sent from the secondary power storage side coil 32 to the power storage unit 36, and the power storage unit 36 is charged.

  Further, the primary controller 26 (FIG. 4) and the changeover switch 24 are configured so that the primary self-resonant coils 12 can be connected to each other when the inter-coil distance Lc is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value ε. Among these, the switching means 59 which switches the primary self-resonant coil 12 which supplies electric power with the movement of the vehicle 14 is comprised so that electric power may be supplied only to the 1st primary self-resonant coil 12 which is a specific electric power feeding coil.

  Further, the secondary self-resonant coil 16 located on the front side (the left side in FIG. 2) of the vehicle 14 passes over the primary self-resonant coil 12 which is the specific power supply coil, and the inter-coil distance Lc is out of the predetermined range. In this case, next, the closest pair of the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the one secondary self-resonant coil 16 is specified, and the distance Lc between the specified pair of coils is estimated. For example, when the secondary self-resonant coil 16 constituting the pair is the secondary self-resonant coil 16 located on the rear side of the vehicle 14 (rear side in FIG. 2), the secondary power-resonant coil 16 having two specific power receiving coils is used. Switch between. Moreover, the primary self-resonant coil 12 which comprises this pair turns into a specific feeding coil. The primary / secondary coil distance estimation means 52 (FIG. 4) estimates the distance between the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil as the inter-coil distance Lc. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the coil facing determination unit 54 determines whether or not the inter-coil distance Lc is within a predetermined range. A power supply permission signal indicating a power supply coil and power supply permission is output to the secondary side communication device 46, and a power supply permission signal is output to the primary side controller 26 via the secondary side and primary side communication devices 46 and 28. The primary side controller 26 and the changeover switch 24 supply primary power as the vehicle 14 moves so that power is supplied only to the primary self-resonant coil 12 (FIG. 2), which is the specific power supply coil. The resonance coil 12 is switched. For this reason, electric power is supplied to the specific power supply coil from the AC power supply 20 (FIG. 2).

  That is, in the vehicle charging system, electric power is supplied when the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the vehicle 14 side moves relative to the primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side as the vehicle 14 that is a moving body moves. The secondary self-resonant coil 16 opposed to the primary self-resonant coil 12 can be switched alternately.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the second secondary self-resonant coil 16 has an interval L2 between the central axes of the second secondary self-resonant coils 16, and an interval L1 between the central axes of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12. Are arranged differently. More specifically, in the second secondary self-resonant coil 16, the interval L2 between the central axes of the second secondary self-resonant coils 16 is larger than the interval L1 between the central axes of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12. (L2> L1).

  FIG. 6 shows a case where, in the present embodiment, when the vehicle travels, one primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side and one secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the vehicle side face each other (a). It is a schematic diagram which shows (b) when another primary self-resonant coil 12 and another secondary self-resonant coil 16 following it face each other. As shown in FIG. 6, when shifting from (a) to (b), the vehicle front side (right side of FIGS. 6 (a) and (b)) facing the primary self-resonant coil 12 in (a). The secondary self-resonant coil 16 does not face the primary self-resonant coil 12 in (b), and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the rear side of the vehicle (the left side of FIGS. 6A and 6B) becomes the primary self-resonant coil 12. Opposite. That is, when the vehicle having the secondary self-resonant coil 16 moves in the direction of the arrow α in FIG. 6, after the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the front side of the vehicle faces the primary self-resonant coil 12, The self-resonant coil 16 faces the primary self-resonant coil 12, and thereafter the same is repeated. In this case, in FIG. 6A, the primary self-resonant coil 12 at the P position is the specific power supply coil, and in FIG. 6B, the primary self-resonant coil 12 at the Q position is the specific power supply coil. As described above, when the vehicle moves, the plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 are arranged such that the secondary self-resonant coils 16 facing the primary self-resonant coil 12 are alternately switched back and forth. Yes.

  Next, a method for charging the vehicle by the vehicle charging system which is the mobile power feeding apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a vehicle charging method which is a mobile power feeding method in the present embodiment. In the following description of the present embodiment, the same elements as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In step S10 of FIG. 7 (hereinafter, “step” will be described simply as S), power supply permission determination during traveling is performed. In the power supply permission determination during travel, when a driver who is a vehicle user inputs a detection signal based on, for example, turning on an operation unit such as a switch or a button for power supply permission during travel, to the primary controller 26, It is determined by the primary controller 26 that the power supply during traveling is permitted, and in other cases, it is determined that the power supply permission during traveling is not permitted. If it is determined that the power supply permission during traveling has been granted, the primary controller 26 determines whether or not there is a margin in the amount of charge of the power storage unit 36 in S12. That is, the primary-side controller 26 determines that the charge amount is sufficient when the charge amount of the power storage unit 36 is equal to or less than a preset charge upper limit value, and when the charge amount of the power storage unit 36 exceeds the charge upper limit value. It is determined that there is no room for charge. For this purpose, the primary-side controller 26 acquires, as the charge amount information of the power storage unit 36, the charge state of the power storage unit 36, that is, the SOC (State of Charge), by a charge amount detection unit (not shown). If it is determined in S12 that there is no allowance for the amount of charge, the process is terminated. That is, subsequent charging is stopped.

  If it is determined in S12 that there is a sufficient charge amount, in S14, the vehicle state measuring unit 48 measures, that is, acquires the vehicle position associated with the secondary self-resonant coil 16 by GPS or the like. Identify your vehicle location on the map. Further, the vehicle state measuring means 48 calculates, that is, acquires the traveling direction of the vehicle on the map by the gyro sensor. Further, the vehicle state measuring means 48 measures the speeds of the left and right wheels such as the driven wheels by the speed sensor, and acquires the acquired average value of the left and right wheel speeds as the vehicle speed. For example, when the angular speeds ωl and ωr of the left and right wheels are obtained by a speed sensor and the radius of the left and right wheels is R, the vehicle speed V is obtained using the relationship V = R (ωl + ωr) / 2.

  Next, in S <b> 16, the primary coil position output unit 56 outputs the positions of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 on the map information, and the primary coil specifying unit 50 acquires the vehicle position acquired by the vehicle state measuring unit 48. The primary self-resonant coil 12 or the primary self-resonant coil disposed at the position closest to the front in the traveling direction when the vehicle 14 moves from the traveling direction and the output position of the primary self-resonant coil 12. A primary self-resonant coil group including 12 is specified.

  Next, in S18, the primary-secondary-coil distance estimating means 52 obtains, that is, acquires, the respective positions of the two secondary self-resonant coils 16 of the vehicle 14, and the two secondary self-resonant coils 16 and the primary self-coil. From the position of the resonance coil 12, a pair of one primary self-resonance coil 12 serving as the nearest specific power supply coil and one secondary self-resonance coil 16 serving as the specific power receiving coil is identified, and the primary self-resonance of the identified pair is identified. The inter-coil distance Lc, which is the center-to-center distance between the coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16, is calculated and estimated. For example, when the secondary self-resonant coil 16 constituting the identified pair becomes the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the vehicle front side, the secondary self-resonant coil 16 becomes the specific power receiving coil.

In S20, the coil facing determination unit 54 determines whether or not the specific power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil are substantially opposed based on the inter-coil distance Lc and the vehicle speed V. That is, the coil facing determination unit 54 determines whether the specific power receiving coil is based on the inter-coil distance Lc, the elapsed time t from when the inter-coil distance L is estimated, and the vehicle speed V input from the vehicle state measuring unit 48. It is determined whether or not the specific power supply coil is substantially opposed. That is, if the distance between the coils is Lc, the vehicle speed is V, the measurement time from the time of measuring the distance between the coils is t, and the predetermined range set in advance is ε, whether or not the following equation (1) holds: Determine whether.
| L−Vt | ≦ ε (1)

  When it is determined that the expression (1) is established, it is determined that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil are substantially opposed to each other, and the process proceeds to S22. On the other hand, if the expression (1) is not established, the determination of S20 is repeated.

  In S22, the primary side controller 26 switches the changeover switch 24 to supply the primary power source side coil 22 corresponding to the specific power supply coil from the AC power source 20 with the AC current frequency-converted by the high frequency power driver 29, thereby performing primary self-resonance. Power is transmitted to the coil 12, the secondary self-resonant coil 16, and the secondary power storage side coil 32. Further, in S24, the secondary controller 40 acquires the detected charge amount of the power storage unit 36, ends the process when the charge amount exceeds the charge upper limit value, and the charge amount is equal to or less than the charge upper limit value. If so, the process proceeds to S26. In S26, it is determined whether or not the substantially facing between the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil has ended. If not, power is supplied to the specific power supply coil in S22. On the other hand, when it is determined in S26 that the substantially facing of the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil has ended, the process proceeds to S16, and the processes from S16 to S26 are repeated. In this case, when the secondary self-resonant coil 16 constituting the closest pair becomes the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the rear side of the vehicle in S18, the secondary self-resonant coil 16 becomes the specific power receiving coil.

  In S14, the vehicle state measuring unit 48 can measure the position of the second secondary self-resonant coil 16 provided in the vehicle 14 instead of or together with measuring the own vehicle position. In the above example, only two secondary self-resonant coils 16 are provided in the vehicle 14, but three or more secondary self-resonant coils 16 may be arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 14 at equal intervals.

  According to such a vehicle charging system, the second secondary self-resonant coil 16 is configured such that the interval L2 between the second secondary self-resonant coils 16 is different from the interval L1 between the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12. It is arranged. For this reason, when the vehicle 14 moves, the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 transmitted by the primary self-resonant coil 12 face each other, and then the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 12 The time until the next self-resonant coil 16 faces can be shortened or eliminated. For this reason, the period when electric power is not transmitted can be shortened or eliminated. That is, long continuous power transmission from the power supply device 18 on the road 10 side to the vehicle 14 side during the movement of the vehicle 14 can be easily realized, and the power transmission suspension time can be shortened or eliminated. As a result, when transmitting power within a certain set time, the maximum transmitted power per unit time can be reduced and power loss can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to shorten the overall time from the start of power transmission to the end of power transmission, including the power transmission suspension time, which is necessary when transmitting the same power. Therefore, it is possible to increase the continuous power transmission time from the power supply device 18 on the road 10 side to the vehicle 14 side while the vehicle 14 is moving, to shorten or eliminate the power transmission suspension time, and to reduce power loss during power transmission.

  On the other hand, FIG. 8 shows a case where the primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 on the vehicle side face each other in a comparative example that is out of the scope of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows (b) when the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 oppose by (a) and another combination following it. In this comparative example, the interval L2a between the plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 is the same as the interval L1a between the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12. For this reason, when the vehicle travels in the direction of arrow α in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 8A, when the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 face each other, all primary self-resonances occur. The coils 12 face the corresponding secondary self-resonant coils 16 respectively. Next, as shown in (b), the time until the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 face each other is long. Become. For example, the vehicle from the state where one secondary self-resonant coil 16 is opposed to one primary self-resonant coil 12 to the other primary self-resonant coil 12 is opposed to another primary self-resonant coil 12 as shown in FIG. It is necessary to advance by the distance D1.

  On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6 above, when the vehicle travels in the direction of arrow α in FIG. 6, it is located on the vehicle front side (right side in FIGS. 6A and 6B). After the secondary self-resonant coil 16 is opposed to the primary self-resonant coil 12 (in the case (a)), the secondary self-resonant coil is located on the rear side of the vehicle (the left side in FIGS. 6A and 6B). By the time 16 faces the primary self-resonant coil 12 (in the case of (b)), the vehicle advances only by the distance D2 in FIG. 6 (a). As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 6 and FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the power transmission suspension time can be shortened or eliminated. Further, in the present embodiment, when the vehicle 14 moves, power is supplied so that power is supplied only to the first primary self-resonant coil 12 that is the specified specific power supply coil when a predetermined condition set in advance is satisfied. Switching means 59 for switching the supplied primary self-resonant coil 12 is provided. For this reason, AC power is not always supplied to all primary self-resonant coils 12, and power loss during power transmission can be further reduced.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the passage of time of transmitted power in the present embodiment and the comparative example. In FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents transmission power. The solid line a represents the case of the present embodiment, and the alternate long and short dash line b represents the case of the comparative example. FIG. 9 shows a case where the same power is transmitted within the same set time in the present embodiment and the comparative example. As is apparent from FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, unlike the comparative example, the power transmission suspension time can be shortened or eliminated, and the maximum transmitted power per unit time can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the secondary-side controller 40 is configured to have the primary coil position output means 56, but a transmitter for transmitting the position information is provided in the vicinity of each primary self-resonant coil 12. Or the primary controller 26 has a coil position output means for outputting the position information of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12, and the coil position information from the transmitter or the primary communication device 28 is transferred to the secondary communication device 46. It can also be configured to transmit to the secondary-side controller 40 via. Also in this case, the secondary-side controller 40 can acquire position information of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment according to the present invention. In the second embodiment according to the present invention, a primary side, secondary side self-resonant coil, a power source side, a storage side coil, a controller, FIG. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a vehicle charging method which is a mobile power feeding method in the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 10, in this embodiment, variable capacitance capacitors 60 are connected between some of the conductive wires of all secondary self-resonant coils 16. In FIG. 10, only components corresponding to one secondary self-resonant coil 16 are shown. Each variable capacitor 60 is capable of changing its capacity by a control signal from the secondary-side controller 40. If each variable capacitor 60 is not provided, the capacitance of the secondary self-resonant coil 16 is determined by the stray capacitance between the conducting wires. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the capacity of each secondary self-resonant coil 16 can be changed by changing the capacity of each variable capacitor 60. Therefore, the LC resonance frequency of each secondary self-resonant coil 16 can be changed by changing the capacitance of each variable capacitor 60.

  Further, the secondary-side controller 40 has an interval between the primary self-resonant coil 12 that is one specific power supply coil and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 that is one specific power-receiving coil within a predetermined value, that is, substantially opposite. If it is determined that the power frequency of the AC power supply 20 is converted by the high frequency power driver 29, only the resonance frequency of the secondary self-resonant coil 16 that is the specific power receiving coil is the power frequency. Resonance frequency changing means 62 for changing the frequency to match the converted power supply frequency.

  A method of charging the vehicle using the configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the following description of the present embodiment, the same or equivalent elements as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 or the elements shown in FIG. 10 used in the first embodiment are the same. A description will be given with reference numerals. Also, the processing from S30 to S40 in FIG. 11 is the same as the processing from S10 to S20 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  In S40 of FIG. 11, it is determined by the coil facing determination means 54 that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil are substantially opposed based on the inter-coil distance Lc, the vehicle speed V, and the measurement time t from when the inter-coil distance is measured. If so, the resonance frequency changing means 62 provided in the secondary controller 40 changes the capacitance of the variable capacitor 60 connected to the one secondary self-resonant coil 16 that is the specific power receiving coil in S42. As a result, the LC resonance frequency f is changed to be the same as the converted power supply frequency fa. That is, when the secondary self-resonant coil 16 does not become a specific power receiving coil, the LC resonance frequency is set as an “initial value”, and is set to a frequency different from the converted power supply frequency fa.

  On the other hand, when the coil facing determination unit 54 determines that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil are substantially opposed to each other, the resonance frequency changing unit 62 is one of the secondary self-resonant coils as the specific power receiving coil. Only the 16 LC resonance frequencies are changed, and the LC resonance frequency f is matched with the converted power supply frequency fa.

  In S44, the changeover switch 24 is switched by the primary-side controller 26, and the primary power-side coil 22 corresponding to the primary self-resonant coil 12 that is the specific power supply coil and the primary self-resonant coil are used. The AC power source 20 supplies the secondary self-resonant coil with an AC current frequency-converted by a high-frequency power driver to perform power transmission. The processing from S44 to S46 is the same as the processing from S22 to S24 in the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Further, in S48, it is determined whether or not the substantially facing of the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil has ended. If not, power is supplied to the specific power supply coil in S44. On the other hand, if it is determined in S48 that the substantially opposite of the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil has been completed, the resonance frequency changing means 62 of the secondary controller 40 has been specified as the specific power receiving coil so far. The capacitance of the variable capacitor 60 is changed so that the resonance frequency f of the secondary self-resonant coil 16 is returned to the original “initial value” frequency different from the converted power supply frequency fa. And it transfers to S36 and repeats the process of S36 to S48.

  In the case of this embodiment as well, as in the first embodiment, the continuous power transmission time from the power supply device 18 on the road 10 side to the vehicle 14 side during the movement of the vehicle 14 is increased. The power transmission suspension time can be shortened or eliminated, and power loss during power transmission can be reduced. In the present embodiment, any one of the first switches 42 provided corresponding to the second secondary self-resonant coils 16 can be left connected during charging. In this case, as the first switch 42 provided corresponding to the second secondary self-resonant coil, only one common first switch can be provided. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, overlapping illustrations and descriptions are omitted.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing primary and secondary self-resonant coils, a power supply side, a power storage side coil, and a controller in the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a vehicle charging method which is a mobile power feeding method in the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, not only the variable capacitance capacitors 60 are connected to all the secondary self-resonant coils 16, but also the variable capacitance capacitors 64 are connected to all the primary self-resonant coils 12. . That is, in this embodiment, in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 11, the variable capacitor 64 is connected between some of the conductors of all the primary self-resonant coils 12 respectively. ing. In FIG. 12, only components corresponding to one primary self-resonant coil 12 are illustrated. Each variable capacitor 64 is capable of changing its capacity according to a control signal from the primary controller 26. If each variable capacitor 64 is not provided, the capacitance of the primary self-resonant coil 12 is determined by the stray capacitance between the conducting wires. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the capacity of each primary self-resonant coil 12 can be changed by changing the capacity of the corresponding variable capacitor 64. For this reason, the LC resonance frequency of each primary self-resonant coil 12 can be changed by changing the capacitance of each variable capacitor 64.

  Further, the primary controller 26 has an interval between the primary self-resonant coil 12 that is one specific power supply coil and the secondary self-resonant coil 16 that is one specific power-receiving coil within a predetermined value, that is, substantially opposed. Is determined, it is a frequency after frequency conversion of the power supply frequency of the AC power supply 20 by the high frequency power driver 29 is performed based on the power supply frequency. Resonant frequency changing means 66 is provided for changing the frequency to match the converted power supply frequency.

  A method of charging the vehicle using the configuration of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the following description of the present embodiment, the same or equivalent elements as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 or the elements shown in FIG. 12 used in the first embodiment are the same. A description will be given with reference numerals. Further, the processing from S50 to S60 in FIG. 13 is the same as the processing from S10 to S20 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  In S60 of FIG. 13, it is determined by the coil facing determination means 54 that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil are substantially opposed based on the inter-coil distance Lc, the vehicle speed V, and the measurement time t from the time of measuring the inter-coil distance. If so, the resonance frequency changing means 62 provided in the secondary controller 40 changes the capacitance of the variable capacitor 60 connected to the one secondary self-resonant coil 16 which is the specific power receiving coil in S62. As a result, the LC resonance frequency f is changed to be the same as the converted power supply frequency fa. That is, when the secondary self-resonant coil 16 does not become a specific power receiving coil, the LC resonance frequency is set as an “initial value”, and is set to a frequency different from the converted power supply frequency fa.

  On the other hand, when the coil facing determination unit 54 determines that the specific power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil are substantially opposed to each other, the resonance frequency changing unit 62 is one of the secondary self-resonant coils as the specific power receiving coil. Only the 16 LC resonance frequencies are changed, and the LC resonance frequency f is matched with the converted power supply frequency fa.

  At the same time, in S62, the resonance frequency changing means 66 provided in the primary-side controller 26 changes the capacitance of the variable capacitor 64 connected to the primary self-resonant coil 12 which is the specific power supply coil. The LC resonance frequency f is changed to be the same as the converted power supply frequency fa. On the other hand, when the primary self-resonant coil 12 does not become the specific power supply coil, the LC resonance frequency f is set as an “initial value” and is set to a frequency different from the converted power supply frequency fa.

  In S64, the changeover switch 24 is switched by the primary-side controller 26, and the primary power-resonance coil 12 corresponding to the primary self-resonant coil 12 that is the specific power supply coil and the primary self-resonant coil 12 are used. The AC power source 20 supplies the secondary self-resonant coil 16 with the AC current frequency-converted by the high-frequency power driver 29 to perform power transmission. The processing from S64 to S66 is the same as the processing from S22 to S24 in the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Further, in S68, it is determined whether or not the substantially facing of the specific power receiving coil and the specific power supply coil has ended. If not, power is supplied to the specific power supply coil in S64. On the other hand, if it is determined in S68 that the substantially opposing power receiving coil and the specific power feeding coil have ended, the resonance frequency changing means 62 of the secondary controller 40 has been specified as the specific power receiving coil so far. The capacitance of the variable capacitor 60 is changed so that the resonance frequency f of the secondary self-resonant coil 16 is returned to the original “initial value” frequency different from the converted power supply frequency fa. Further, the resonance frequency changing means 66 of the primary-side controller 26 sets the resonance frequency f of the primary self-resonant coil 12 that has been specified as the specific power supply coil so far to the original “initial value” different from the converted power supply frequency fa. The capacity of the variable capacitor 64 is changed so as to return to the frequency. And it transfers to S56 and repeats the process of S56 to S68.

  In the case of this embodiment as well, as in each of the above embodiments, the continuous power transmission time from the power supply device 18 on the road 10 side to the vehicle 14 side during the movement of the vehicle 14 is increased, and power transmission is performed. The downtime can be shortened or eliminated, and the power loss during power transmission can be reduced. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 or the second embodiment shown in FIGS. To do.

  In the second and third embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the variable capacitors 60 and 64 are connected to the primary self-resonant coils 12 and the secondary self-resonant coils 16, respectively. Instead, a variable capacitance diode is connected, and the corresponding controller can change the resonance frequency of the corresponding coil by changing the capacitance of the variable capacitance diode.

  Further, as a reference example related to the present invention, in the present embodiment, a plurality of changeover switches 24 provided corresponding to each of a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 are omitted, or a plurality of changeover switches 42 are provided as a plurality of changeover switches 42. One common changeover switch may be provided between the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the AC power supply 20. Even in this case, since the resonance frequency changing means 66 is provided, it is possible to efficiently supply power between one specific power supply coil and one specific power reception coil.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 14 shows, in a time series, changes in the positional relationship between the road side primary self-resonant coil and the vehicle side secondary self-resonant coil when the vehicle travels in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram shown. In the present embodiment, two lower secondary self-resonant coils 68 are arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (left-right direction in FIG. 14), and above each lower secondary self-resonant coil 68, An upper secondary self-resonant coil 70 is arranged between each lower secondary self-resonant coil 68 in the front-rear direction. The configuration of each secondary self-resonant coil 68, 70 is the same as the configuration of each secondary self-resonant coil 16 in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  Similarly to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the secondary power storage side coil 32 (FIGS. 2 and 3) is disposed opposite to the secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70, respectively. Yes. The secondary power storage side coil 32 is configured to be able to receive power from the corresponding secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70 by electromagnetic induction. Each secondary power storage side coil 32 outputs the power received from the secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70 to the rectifier 34 (FIGS. 2 and 3). The rectifier 34 rectifies high-frequency AC power received from the secondary power storage side coil 32 into DC power and outputs the DC power to the power storage unit 36. Instead of the rectifier 34, an AC / DC converter that converts high-frequency AC power received from the secondary power storage side coil 32 into DC power supplied to the power storage unit 36 may be used.

  Further, the intervals between the central axes of the secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70 in the vehicle front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 14) are arranged to be different from the intervals between the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12. . More specifically, the distance between the central axes of the secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70 in the vehicle longitudinal direction is smaller than the distance between the central axes of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 in the vehicle longitudinal direction. . That is, the plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 includes two lower secondary self-resonant coils 68 arranged on the vehicle side by side along the moving direction of the vehicle (the direction of arrow α in FIG. 14) and the lower side of the two An upper secondary self-resonant coil 70 disposed on the vehicle so as to be displaced in the horizontal direction above the secondary self-resonant coil 68.

  In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, when the vehicle travels in the direction of arrow α, one primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side and one secondary self-resonant coil on the vehicle side 68, the time interval from (a) until another primary self-resonant coil 12 and another secondary self-resonant coil 68 are opposed to (b), and the subsequent interval from (b). When the primary self-resonant coil 12 and another secondary self-resonant coil 70 face each other, the time interval until (c) becomes shorter. That is, according to the present embodiment, unlike the configuration of the present embodiment, each secondary is simply compared to the case where it is assumed that two secondary self-resonant coils 16 are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction on the vehicle side. The space | interval regarding the front-back direction of a vehicle between self-resonant coils 68 and 70 can be made small. Therefore, when the vehicle moves, the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70 transmitted by the primary self-resonant coil 12 face each other so as to face each other, and then the primary self-resonant coil The time until the resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coils 68 and 70 face each other so as to face each other can be shortened. For this reason, the continuous power transmission time from the power supply device 18 on the road 10 side to the vehicle side during the movement of the vehicle is increased, and the power transmission suspension time can be shortened or eliminated, and the power loss during power transmission is further reduced. it can.

  In the present embodiment, the lower secondary self-resonant coil 68 and the upper secondary self-resonant coil 70 can be shifted in a lateral direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the vehicle. In this case, a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 are arranged in parallel in two rows along the moving direction of the vehicle. Then, power can be supplied from the AC power supply 20 to each primary self-resonant coil 12 via the high frequency power driver 29 and the primary power supply side coil 22. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

[Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 15 shows, in a time series, changes in the positional relationship between the primary self-resonance coil on the road side and the secondary self-resonance coil on the vehicle side in the fifth embodiment according to the present invention. It is the schematic diagram seen from the top to the bottom. In the present embodiment, two secondary self-resonant coils are displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (left-right direction in FIG. 15) and in the lateral direction (vertical direction in FIG. 15) orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. 16 is arranged in the vehicle. Corresponding to the arrangement of each secondary self-resonant coil 16, the corresponding primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side can be opposed to the secondary self-resonant coil 16 in the vertical direction. Two rows are arranged so as to be shifted in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the arrow α direction. In each row, a plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 are arranged at equal intervals along the moving direction of the vehicle. Further, power can be supplied from the AC power supply 20 to each primary self-resonant coil 12 via the high-frequency power driver 29 and the primary power supply side coil 22.

  The configuration of each secondary self-resonant coil 16 is the same as the configuration of each secondary self-resonant coil 16 in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Further, similarly to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 described above, the secondary power storage side coil 32 is disposed opposite to each secondary self-resonant coil 16. The secondary power storage side coil 32 is configured to be able to receive power from the corresponding secondary self-resonant coil 16 by electromagnetic induction. Each secondary power storage side coil 32 outputs the power received from secondary self-resonant coil 16 to rectifier 34. The rectifier 34 rectifies high-frequency AC power received from the secondary power storage side coil 32 into DC power and outputs the DC power to the power storage unit 36. Instead of the rectifier 34, an AC / DC converter that converts high-frequency AC power received from the secondary power storage side coil 32 into the voltage level of the power storage unit 36 may be used.

  Further, the intervals between the central axes of the plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 in the vehicle front-rear direction are arranged to be different from the interval between the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12. More specifically, the distance between the central axes of the plurality of secondary self-resonant coils 16 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is, for example, about 1.5 than the distance between the central axes of the plurality of primary self-resonant coils 12 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It is twice as big.

  In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, when the vehicle travels in the direction of arrow α, one primary self-resonant coil 12 on the road 10 side and one secondary self-resonant coil on the vehicle side The time interval from the case (a) until the case 16 is opposed to the case (b) where the other primary self-resonant coil 12 and the other secondary self-resonant coil 16 face each other, and the subsequent interval from the case (b). When the primary self-resonant coil 12 and another secondary self-resonant coil 16 face each other, the time interval until (c) becomes shorter. Further, by shifting the secondary self-resonant coils 16 in the lateral direction, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the secondary self-resonant coils 16 can be increased, and the distance between the secondary self-resonant coils 16 in the vehicle front-rear direction is sufficiently small. And the length regarding the front-back direction of the vehicle of the structure containing the 2nd secondary self-resonance coil 16 can be shortened. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  In each of the above embodiments, in addition to the primary self-resonant coil 12 and the secondary self-resonant coil 16, corresponding coils of the primary power supply side coil 22 and the secondary power storage side coil 32 are provided, and the self-resonant coil 12 and 16 and the corresponding coils 22 and 32 are arranged opposite to each other so that electric power can be transmitted by electromagnetic induction. However, in each of the above embodiments, the primary power supply side coil 22 and the secondary power storage side coil 32 are omitted, the primary self-resonant coil 12 is connected to the AC power supply 20 without the primary power supply side coil 22, and the power storage unit 36. Alternatively, the secondary self-resonant coil 16 can be connected without the secondary power storage side coil 32.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Road, 12 Primary self-resonant coil, 14 Vehicle, 16 Secondary self-resonant coil, 18 Power feeding device, 20 AC power supply, 22 Primary power source side coil, 24 Changeover switch, 26 Primary side controller, 28 High frequency power driver, 30 For driving Motor, 32 Secondary power storage side coil, 34 Rectifier, 36 Power storage unit, 38 Drive unit, 40 Secondary side controller, 42 First switch, 44 Second switch, 46 Secondary communication device, 48 Vehicle state measuring means, 50 Primary coil identification means, 52 Primary secondary coil distance estimation means, 54 Coil facing determination means, 56 Primary coil position output means, 58 Power feed permission means, 59 Switching means, 60 Variable capacitor, 62 Resonance frequency changing means, 64 Variable Capacitor, 66 Resonant frequency changing means, 68 Lower secondary self-resonant coil , 70 upper secondary self-resonant coil.

Claims (8)

A plurality of primary coils provided on the fixed side and a plurality of secondary coils provided on the moving body,
A mobile power feeder that feeds power from a primary coil to a secondary coil,
The plurality of secondary coils are arranged so that when the moving body moves, the secondary coil facing the primary coil and facing the primary coil is switched.
A movement characterized by comprising switching means for switching a primary coil that supplies power as the moving body moves so that power is supplied only to the specified primary coil when a predetermined condition is set in advance. Body power supply device. In the mobile electric power feeder of Claim 1,
Measuring means for measuring the position of a plurality of secondary coils or the position of a moving body provided with a plurality of secondary coils;
Output means for outputting the positions of a plurality of primary coils;
A distance estimation means for identifying a pair of the closest primary coil and the secondary coil of 1 and estimating a center-to-center distance between the specific primary coil and the specific secondary coil that respectively constitute the specified pair;
The switching means supplies power along with the movement of the moving body so that power is supplied only to the specific primary coil when the center-to-center distance is equal to or less than a predetermined value when a predetermined condition is satisfied. A mobile power feeder characterized by switching a primary coil. In the mobile electric power feeder of Claim 1 or Claim 2,
The plurality of secondary coils are arranged such that the center-to-center distance between the plurality of secondary coils is different from the center-to-center distance between the plurality of primary coils. The mobile power feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The plurality of secondary coils are arranged in a line along the moving direction of the moving body,
A plurality of primary coils are arranged in a row so as to be opposed to a plurality of secondary coils in order in the vertical direction as the moving body moves. The mobile power feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The plurality of secondary coils move in a horizontal direction so as to be horizontally shifted above the plurality of lower secondary coils and the plurality of lower secondary coils arranged in the moving body side by side along the moving direction of the moving body. A mobile power feeding device comprising an upper secondary coil disposed on a body. The mobile power feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The plurality of secondary coils are arranged in the moving body so as to be shifted in the moving direction of the moving body and the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body, respectively.
A plurality of primary coils are arranged in a plurality of rows so as to be vertically opposed to a corresponding secondary coil so as to be shifted in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the moving body. The mobile power feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Resonance frequency change for changing the resonance frequency of only one secondary coil to match the frequency based on the power supply frequency when it is determined that the interval between one primary coil and one secondary coil is within a predetermined value Means for providing a mobile body power supply device. The mobile power feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
When it is determined that the interval between one primary coil and one secondary coil is within a predetermined value, the resonance frequency of only one primary coil and the resonance frequency of only one secondary coil are respectively set as power supply frequencies. A mobile power feeding apparatus comprising: a resonance frequency changing unit that changes the frequency so as to coincide with a frequency to be based on.

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