JP2006121791A - Noncontact power feeder for vehicle - Google Patents

Noncontact power feeder for vehicle Download PDF

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JP2006121791A
JP2006121791A JP2004305176A JP2004305176A JP2006121791A JP 2006121791 A JP2006121791 A JP 2006121791A JP 2004305176 A JP2004305176 A JP 2004305176A JP 2004305176 A JP2004305176 A JP 2004305176A JP 2006121791 A JP2006121791 A JP 2006121791A
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power
circuit
coil
power feeding
module
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Toshiro Matsui
敏郎 松井
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a noncontact power feeder for mobile object which enables easy designing of a power feeder, according to itself, even if the mobile object is different, and whose handling is easy at maintenance or cleaning. <P>SOLUTION: A power feed module 3 is constituted by integrating a power feed circuit and a power feed coil and forming a surface part for accommodating the power feed coil in plane form. A power-receiving coil 4 is constituted, by integrating a power receiving circuit and a power-receiving coil and forming a surface part for accommodation of the power receiving coil in plane form. Many power feed coils 3 are arranged along the shifting course 2 of the mobile object 1, and the power-receiving module 4 is provided in the mobile object 1 so that the surface part can face the surface part of the power feed module 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、クリーンルーム内等で部品等を搬送する移動体に非接触状態で給電することが可能な非接触給電装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a non-contact power supply apparatus that can supply power in a non-contact state to a moving body that conveys components in a clean room or the like.

半導体製造工場などのクリーンルームにおいては、製造工程間で部品等の搬送を行なう移動体による発塵を抑制する必要から、移動体を非接触で給電する給電装置が用いられている。
従来、この種の非接触給電装置としては、下記する特許文献に示されるように、移動体が移動する移動経路に高周波電流を流す励磁線路を設け、これに対して移動体に複数のピックアップを設け、移動経路に設けられた励磁線路を一次側とし、移動体に設けられたピックアップを二次側として電磁誘導により移動体に給電する装置が知られている。 In a clean room such as a semiconductor manufacturing factory, a power feeding device that supplies power to a moving body in a non-contact manner is used because it is necessary to suppress dust generation by the moving body that conveys parts and the like between manufacturing processes.
Conventionally, as this kind of non-contact power feeding device, as shown in the following patent document, an excitation line for flowing a high-frequency current is provided in a moving path along which the moving body moves, and a plurality of pickups are provided on the moving body. There is known an apparatus that feeds power to a moving body by electromagnetic induction with an excitation line provided in the moving path as a primary side and a pickup provided in the moving body as a secondary side.

特許第３５２２４４１３号公報Japanese Patent No. 3522413

しかしながら、上述した構成においては、移動体の移動経路に沿って給電線（励磁線路）を移動経路の設置表面から立ち上げて敷設する必要があるので、メンテナンス時や清掃時などで取り扱いに注意を要し、また、移動体に合わせた給電線を敷設する必要があるため、設計変更を簡単に行いにくく、移動体が異なれば、給電装置の設計を根本的に変更する必要があり、開発期間やコストを必要する不都合がある。   However, in the configuration described above, it is necessary to lay and lay the feeder line (excitation line) along the moving path of the moving body from the installation surface of the moving path. In addition, since it is necessary to lay the power supply line according to the moving body, it is difficult to change the design easily, and if the moving body is different, it is necessary to fundamentally change the design of the power supply device. And there is a disadvantage that requires cost.

そこで、この発明においては、移動体が異なっても、移動体に合わせて給電装置の設計を容易に行なうことができ、また、メンテナンス時や清掃時などでも取り扱いが容易である移動体の非接触給電装置を提供することを主たる課題としている。   Therefore, in the present invention, even if the moving body is different, the power feeding device can be easily designed according to the moving body, and the non-contacting of the moving body is easy to handle even during maintenance or cleaning. The main problem is to provide a power feeding device.

上記課題を達成するために、この発明に係る移動体の非接触給電装置は、移動体の移動経路に沿って敷設された給電回路の給電用コイルから、前記移動体に設けられた受電回路の受電用コイルを介して非接触状態で給電する構成であって、前記給電回路と前記給電用コイルとを一体化すると共に前記給電用コイルを収容した表出部分を平坦状に形成して給電モジュールを構成し、前記受電回路と前記受電用コイルとを一体化すると共に前記受電用コイルを収容した表出部分を平坦状に形成して受電モジュールを構成し、前記給電モジュールを前記移動体の移動経路に沿って多数配置し、前記受電モジュールをその表出部分が前記給電モジュールの表出部分と対峙し得るよう前記移動体に設けたことを特徴としている（請求項１）。   In order to achieve the above object, a non-contact power feeding device for a moving body according to the present invention includes a power receiving circuit provided on the moving body from a power feeding coil of a power feeding circuit laid along a moving path of the moving body. A power feeding module configured to feed power in a non-contact state via a power receiving coil, wherein the power feeding circuit and the power feeding coil are integrated and an exposed portion accommodating the power feeding coil is formed in a flat shape. The power receiving circuit and the power receiving coil are integrated, and a power receiving module is formed by forming a flat exposed portion accommodating the power receiving coil, and moving the power feeding module to the movable body. A large number of power receiving modules are arranged along a path, and the power receiving module is provided on the moving body so that the exposed portion of the power receiving module can face the exposed portion of the power feeding module.

したがって、給電側および受電側が共にモジュール化されると共に給電モジュールと受電モジュールのそれぞれの表出部分を平坦状に形成したので、設置表面から立設させた給電線を配設する必要がなく、また、給電モジュールや受電モジュールをモジュール単位で追加、削除、レイアウトの変更を行なうことで、種々の給電態様に対応させることが可能となり、異なる移動体や設置箇所に同一の給電モジュール及び受電モジュールを用いて対応することが可能となる。   Therefore, since both the power feeding side and the power receiving side are modularized, and the exposed portions of the power feeding module and the power receiving module are formed flat, it is not necessary to arrange a power feeding line erected from the installation surface. By adding, deleting, and changing the layout of power supply modules and power reception modules in units of modules, it becomes possible to support various power supply modes, and the same power supply module and power reception module are used for different moving bodies and installation locations. It is possible to respond.

ここで、給電モジュールとしては、例えば、交流電源を整流して直流電源を生成する整流回路と、この整流回路によって生成される直流電源が供給される正側及び負側直流母線と、この正側及び負側直流母線間に接続されるインバータ主回路と、このインバータ主回路の出力端子に接続される前記給電用コイルと、この給電用コイルと一方の直流母線との間に接続され、前記給電用コイルと共振する共振回路と、前記インバータ主回路の出力端子と前記一方の直流母線との間に接続されるスナバ回路と、前記インバータ主回路を制御する制御手段とを有して構成するとよい（請求項２）。   Here, as the power supply module, for example, a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC power supply to generate a DC power supply, a positive side and a negative DC bus that are supplied with the DC power generated by the rectifier circuit, and the positive side And the inverter main circuit connected between the negative DC bus, the power feeding coil connected to the output terminal of the inverter main circuit, the power feeding coil and one DC bus connected to the power feeding coil, and the power feeding And a resonance circuit that resonates with the coil for use, a snubber circuit connected between the output terminal of the inverter main circuit and the one DC bus, and a control means for controlling the inverter main circuit. (Claim 2).

より具体的には、給電モジュールは、交流電源を整流して直流電源を生成する整流回路と、この整流回路によって生成される直流電源が供給される正側及び負側直流母線と、この正側及び負側直流母線間に直列接続される第１及び第２のスイッチング素子と、これら第１及び第２のスイッチング素子の一方の両端子間に接続された給電用コイル及びこれに共振する共振回路と、前記一方のスイッチング素子の両端子間に接続され、スナバコンデンサ及び第３のスイッチング素子で構成されるスナバ回路と、前記第１乃至第３のスイッチング素子に制御信号を出力して導通制御する制御手段とを有して構成するとよい。
このような構成は、磁気誘導加熱調理器などの給電ユニットに利用され得る構成であり、汎用性のある給電モジュールを利用することが可能となる。 More specifically, the power supply module includes a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC power supply to generate a DC power supply, a positive side and a negative DC bus that are supplied with the DC power generated by the rectifier circuit, and the positive side And the first and second switching elements connected in series between the negative DC bus, the power supply coil connected between one of the terminals of the first and second switching elements, and the resonance circuit that resonates therewith And a snubber circuit connected between both terminals of the one switching element and configured by a snubber capacitor and a third switching element, and a control signal is output to the first to third switching elements to control conduction. And a control means.
Such a configuration is a configuration that can be used in a power feeding unit such as a magnetic induction heating cooker, and a versatile power feeding module can be used.

また、上述した受電モジュールとしては、例えば、前記給電用コイルに近接して誘導起電力を発生させる受電用コイルと、前記受電用コイルに共振する共振回路と、前記共振回路に接続された整流回路と、移動体の負荷に並列接続された平滑回路と、整流回路から出力された出力電圧をチョッパ制御するチョッパ回路とを有して構成したり（請求項３）、前記給電用コイルに近接して誘導起電力を発生させる受電用コイルと、前記受電用コイルに共振する共振回路と、前記共振回路に接続された整流回路と、移動体の負荷に並列接続された平滑回路と、整流回路から出力される出力電圧を制御する制御手段とを有して構成するとよい（請求項４）。   The power receiving module described above includes, for example, a power receiving coil that generates an induced electromotive force in the vicinity of the power feeding coil, a resonant circuit that resonates with the power receiving coil, and a rectifier circuit that is connected to the resonant circuit. And a smoothing circuit connected in parallel to the load of the mobile body, and a chopper circuit for chopper-controlling the output voltage output from the rectifier circuit (Claim 3), or close to the feeding coil A receiving coil that generates an induced electromotive force, a resonance circuit that resonates with the receiving coil, a rectifier circuit that is connected to the resonance circuit, a smoothing circuit that is connected in parallel to a load of a moving object, and a rectifier circuit And a control means for controlling the output voltage to be output.

さらに、移動体の停止位置が定まっておらず、動きが予想できないような場合には、前記給電モジュールを所定の間隔で前記移動体の移動経路上に多数配置する構成に対し、前記受電モジュールを前記給電モジュールと異なる間隔で前記移動体の移動方向に複数配置し、停止位置がどこであっても、いずれかの給電モジュールからいずれかの受電モジュールに給電できるようにし、変換電力がほぼ一定となるようにするとよい（請求項５）。   Further, in the case where the stop position of the moving body is not fixed and the movement cannot be predicted, the power receiving module is arranged in a configuration in which a large number of the power feeding modules are arranged on the moving path of the moving body at a predetermined interval. A plurality of moving bodies are arranged in the moving direction of the moving body at different intervals from the power supply module so that power can be supplied from any power supply module to any power reception module regardless of the stop position, and the converted power becomes almost constant. (Claim 5).

また、各給電モジュールによる給電を同期させるような場合には、隣り合う給電モジュール間の干渉を避けるために、移動体の移動方向での給電モジュール間の間隔を同方向での受電モジュールの寸法の半分以上に設定するとよい（請求項６）。   In addition, when power feeding by each power feeding module is synchronized, in order to avoid interference between adjacent power feeding modules, the distance between the power feeding modules in the moving direction of the moving body is set to the dimension of the power receiving module in the same direction. It is good to set it to half or more (Claim 6).

以上述べたように、この発明に係る移動体の非接触給電装置によれば、給電回路と給電用コイルとを一体化し、給電用コイルを収容した表出部分を平坦状に形成した給電モジュールを移動体の移動経路上に多数配置し、受電回路と受電用コイルとを一体化し、受電用コイルを収容した表出部分を平坦状に形成した受電モジュールを移動体に設け、これら給電モジュールと受電モジュールとを互いの表出部分を対峙し得るように設けたので、設置表面から突出する給電線が不要となり、また、メンテナンス時や清掃時に引っ掛ける等して破損させる不都合もなくなり、取り扱いが容易となる。
さらに、給電モジュールや受電モジュールは、モジュール単位で設置数を増減させたり、レイアウトを変更することで、供給電力を調整したり、移動体の種類に対応させることが
可能となるので、移動体に合わせて給電装置の設計を容易に行なうことが可能となる。 As described above, according to the non-contact power feeding device for a moving body according to the present invention, the power feeding module in which the power feeding circuit and the power feeding coil are integrated and the exposed portion accommodating the power feeding coil is formed in a flat shape. A large number of power receiving circuits are arranged on the moving path of the moving body, the power receiving circuit and the power receiving coil are integrated, and the power receiving module in which the exposed portion accommodating the power receiving coil is formed in a flat shape is provided on the moving body. Since the module is provided so that the exposed parts can face each other, there is no need for a power supply line that protrudes from the installation surface, and there is no inconvenience of being damaged by being caught during maintenance or cleaning, making handling easier Become.
In addition, the power supply module and the power reception module can adjust the power supply by adjusting the number of modules installed and changing the layout, and adapting to the type of mobile object. In addition, the power supply device can be easily designed.

以下、本発明の最良の実施形態を添付図面を参照しながら説明する。   DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１において、移動体の非接触給電装置の外観図が示されている。
この非接触給電装置は、移動体１の移動経路２に設けられた多数の給電モジュール３と、移動体１に設けられた多数の受電モジュール４とにより構成され、この例においては、給電モジュール３を移動経路２の上面に設け、受電モジュール４を給電モジュール３と所定の間隔を隔て対峙し得るように移動体１の底部に設けるようにしている。 In FIG. 1, the external view of the non-contact electric power feeder of a moving body is shown.
This non-contact power feeding apparatus includes a large number of power feeding modules 3 provided on the moving path 2 of the moving body 1 and a large number of power receiving modules 4 provided on the moving body 1. In this example, the power feeding module 3 Is provided on the upper surface of the moving path 2, and the power receiving module 4 is provided on the bottom of the moving body 1 so as to face the power feeding module 3 with a predetermined distance.

給電モジュール３は、給電回路５を給電用コイル６と共に一体化し、受電モジュール４と対峙し得る表出部分を平坦状に形成してその内部に給電用コイル６を収容するようにしたもので、図２に示されるような回路構成を備えている。   The power supply module 3 is configured such that the power supply circuit 5 is integrated with the power supply coil 6, the exposed portion that can be opposed to the power reception module 4 is formed in a flat shape, and the power supply coil 6 is accommodated therein. A circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 2 is provided.

給電回路５は、商用交流電源７に接続されて商用交流電源７を整流する整流器８と、この整流器８によって生成される直流電源が供給される正側及び負側直流母線９ａ，９ｂとを有し、整流器８の出力端子は、正側直流母線９ａに配されたリアクタ１０を介して平滑コンデンサ１１の両端に接続されている。正側及び負側の直流母線間には、正側の直流母線９ａに接続される第１のスイッチング素子を構成するＩＧＢＴ１２と、負側の直流母線９ｂに接続される第２のスイッチング素子を構成するＩＧＢＴ１３とが直列に接続され、これらＩＧＢＴ１２，１３によりハーフブリッジ型のインバータ主回路が構成されている。また、それぞれのＩＧＢＴ１２，１３のコレクタ・エミッタ間には、フリーホイールダイオード１４，１５が接続され、インバータ主回路の出力端子は、給電用コイル６の一端に接続され、給電用コイル６の他端と負側直流母線９ｂとの間には、共振コンデンサ１６とダイオード１７との並列回路が接続されている。   The power feeding circuit 5 includes a rectifier 8 connected to the commercial AC power supply 7 and rectifying the commercial AC power supply 7, and positive and negative DC buses 9a and 9b to which a DC power generated by the rectifier 8 is supplied. The output terminal of the rectifier 8 is connected to both ends of the smoothing capacitor 11 via the reactor 10 disposed on the positive DC bus 9a. Between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus, the IGBT 12 constituting the first switching element connected to the positive DC bus 9a and the second switching element connected to the negative DC bus 9b are constituted. The IGBTs 13 are connected in series, and the IGBTs 12 and 13 constitute a half-bridge type inverter main circuit. Free wheel diodes 14 and 15 are connected between the collectors and emitters of the IGBTs 12 and 13, and the output terminal of the inverter main circuit is connected to one end of the power supply coil 6, and the other end of the power supply coil 6. And a negative DC bus 9b, a parallel circuit of a resonant capacitor 16 and a diode 17 is connected.

また、インバータ主回路の出力端子には、スナバコンデサ１８が接続され、このスナバコンデンサ１８と負側直流母線９ｂとの間に、第３のスイッチング素子を構成するＩＧＢＴ１９が接続されている。また、ＩＧＢＴ１９のコレクタ・エミッタ間には、フリーホイールダイオード２０が接続されている。   A snubber capacitor 18 is connected to the output terminal of the inverter main circuit, and an IGBT 19 constituting a third switching element is connected between the snubber capacitor 18 and the negative side DC bus 9b. A free wheel diode 20 is connected between the collector and emitter of the IGBT 19.

これらインバータ主回路の出力端子と負側直流母線９ｂとの間に接続されたスナバコンデンサ１８及びＩＧＢＴ１９によりスナバ回路が構成され、インバータ主回路の動作時におけるスイッチング損失を低減するようにしている。   A snubber capacitor 18 and IGBT 19 connected between the output terminal of the inverter main circuit and the negative-side DC bus 9b constitute a snubber circuit so as to reduce switching loss during operation of the inverter main circuit.

前記平滑コンデンサ１１の充放電経路には、この平滑コンデンサ１１に流入する高周波電流を検出するカレントトランス２１が設けられ、このカレントトランス２１の二次側電圧に基づき入力電流検知回路２２で入力電流を検出し、この検出された入力電流に対応する信号を制御回路２３へ与えるようにしている。また、正側直流母線９ａの電圧は、入力検知回路２４で検出され、この検出された入力電圧に対応する信号を制御回路２３に与えるようにしている。   A current transformer 21 for detecting a high-frequency current flowing into the smoothing capacitor 11 is provided in the charge / discharge path of the smoothing capacitor 11, and an input current is detected by the input current detection circuit 22 based on the secondary side voltage of the current transformer 21. A signal corresponding to the detected input current is supplied to the control circuit 23. The voltage of the positive DC bus 9a is detected by the input detection circuit 24, and a signal corresponding to the detected input voltage is supplied to the control circuit 23.

制御回路２３は、例えば、中央演算装置（ＣＰＵ）、読出専用メモリ（ＲＯＭ）、ランダムアクセスメモリ（ＲＡＭ）、入出力ポート等を有して構成されるそれ自体公知のもので、前記入力電流検知回路２２および入力電圧検出回路２４からの信号を入力し、メモリに与えられた所定のプログラムにしたがって入力信号を処理し、ＰＷＭ生成回路２５へ制御信号を出力するようにしている。   The control circuit 23 is, for example, a publicly known circuit configured with a central processing unit (CPU), a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an input / output port, and the like. Signals from the circuit 22 and the input voltage detection circuit 24 are input, the input signal is processed according to a predetermined program given to the memory, and a control signal is output to the PWM generation circuit 25.

ＰＷＭ生成回路２５は、発振器２６が出力する固定周波数の発振信号を入力し、制御回路２３からの信号に基づき、各ＩＧＢＴ１２，１３，１９を固定周波数方式のＰＷＭ（パルス幅）制御にて動作させるために、パルス幅変調されたＰＷＭ駆動制御信号を生成する。このＰＷＭ生成回路２５により生成されたＰＷＭ駆動制御信号は、駆動回路２７によりＩＧＢＴオンオフ用のＰＷＭ駆動信号に変換され、それぞれのＩＧＢＴ１２，１３，１９のベースに供給される。   The PWM generation circuit 25 receives an oscillation signal of a fixed frequency output from the oscillator 26, and operates each of the IGBTs 12, 13, and 19 by PWM (pulse width) control of the fixed frequency system based on the signal from the control circuit 23. For this purpose, a pulse width modulated PWM drive control signal is generated. The PWM drive control signal generated by the PWM generation circuit 25 is converted into a PWM drive signal for turning on / off the IGBT by the drive circuit 27 and supplied to the bases of the respective IGBTs 12, 13, and 19.

ＩＧＢＴ１２，１３は、駆動回路２７からの信号を受けて交互にオンオフ動作し、これにより、給電用コイル６と共振コンデンサ１６とを直列共振状態に設定し、給電コイル６に高周波電力を発生させるようにしている。   The IGBTs 12 and 13 are alternately turned on and off in response to a signal from the drive circuit 27, thereby setting the power supply coil 6 and the resonance capacitor 16 in a series resonance state so that the power supply coil 6 generates high-frequency power. I have to.

そして、このような給電モジュール３を所定の間隔で移動体１の移動経路２に沿って多数配置し、この例においては、移動体１の移動方向での給電モジュール３の間隔Ｌ１を受電モジュール４の同方向の寸法の半分以上に設定している。また、移動経路２に沿って給電モジュールを３列に配置し、図示しない同期回路により同期をとって高周波電力を発生させるようにしている。尚、この例において、給電モジュール３は、１個あたり１〜１０ＫＷの給電量を出力するように設計されている。   A large number of such power supply modules 3 are arranged along the movement path 2 of the moving body 1 at a predetermined interval. In this example, the interval L1 of the power supply modules 3 in the moving direction of the moving body 1 is set as the power receiving module 4. It is set to more than half of the dimension in the same direction. In addition, the power supply modules are arranged in three rows along the movement path 2, and high frequency power is generated in synchronization with a synchronization circuit (not shown). In this example, the power supply module 3 is designed to output a power supply amount of 1 to 10 KW per unit.

これに対し、受電モジュール４は、受電回路３０を受電用コイル（ピックアップコイル）３１と共に一体化し、給電モジュール３と対峙し得る表出部分を平坦状に形成してその内部に受電用コイル３１を収容するようにしたもので、図３に示されるような回路構成を備えている。   On the other hand, the power receiving module 4 integrates the power receiving circuit 30 together with the power receiving coil (pickup coil) 31, forms a flat exposed portion that can be opposed to the power feeding module 3, and has the power receiving coil 31 inside. A circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 3 is provided.

即ち、受電モジュール４は、給電用コイル６に近接して誘導起電力を発生させるピックアップコイル３１と、このピックアップコイル３１に並列接続されてピックアップコイル３１に共振する共振コンデンサ３２と、この共振コンデンサ３２に並列接続された整流回路３３とを有している。この整流回路３３は、ピックアップコイル３１の出力を整流するショットキーダイオード等を利用したダイオードブリッジで構成されており、この整流回路３３の出力端子には、平滑コンデンサ３４、降下型のチョッパ回路（バックコンバータ）３５が並列接続されている。   That is, the power receiving module 4 includes a pickup coil 31 that generates an induced electromotive force in the vicinity of the power supply coil 6, a resonance capacitor 32 that is connected in parallel to the pickup coil 31 and resonates with the pickup coil 31, and the resonance capacitor 32. And a rectifier circuit 33 connected in parallel to each other. The rectifier circuit 33 is constituted by a diode bridge using a Schottky diode or the like that rectifies the output of the pickup coil 31. The output terminal of the rectifier circuit 33 has a smoothing capacitor 34, a drop-type chopper circuit (back-up circuit). Converter) 35 is connected in parallel.

チョッパ回路３５は、制御回路３６によりオンオフ制御されるパワーＭＯＳＦＥＴ等によって構成されるスイッチング素子３７と、還流ダイード３８及びチョークコイル３９とを有して構成され、制御回路３６によるＰＷＭなどの変調制御により、出力電圧を一定にするようにパルス幅や時間を制御するようにしている。そして、このチョッパ回路３５の出力側には、負荷変動を安定させる低周波用コンデンサ４０ａと高調波ノイズを低減させる高周波用コンデンサ４０ｂとを組み合わせた平滑回路４０と，移動体１の負荷４１とが並列接続されている。これによりスイッチング素子３７のオン期間には、整流回路３３から出力された電力の一部をチョークコイル３９に貯えつつ負荷４１へ供給し、スイッチング素子３７のオフ期間には、チョークコイル３９に貯えた電力を還流ダイオード３８を還流して負荷４１に放出し、リップルの低減を図るようにしている。   The chopper circuit 35 includes a switching element 37 configured by a power MOSFET or the like that is on / off controlled by a control circuit 36, a reflux diode 38, and a choke coil 39, and is controlled by modulation control such as PWM by the control circuit 36. The pulse width and time are controlled so as to keep the output voltage constant. On the output side of the chopper circuit 35, a smoothing circuit 40 that combines a low frequency capacitor 40a that stabilizes load fluctuations and a high frequency capacitor 40b that reduces harmonic noise, and a load 41 of the moving body 1 are provided. Connected in parallel. As a result, during the ON period of the switching element 37, a part of the power output from the rectifier circuit 33 is supplied to the load 41 while being stored in the choke coil 39, and is stored in the choke coil 39 during the OFF period of the switching element 37. Electric power is recirculated through the freewheeling diode 38 and discharged to the load 41 so as to reduce the ripple.

そして、このような受電モジュール４を所定の間隔で移動体１の底部に多数配置し、この例においては、前記給電モジュール３に合わせて移動方向に沿って３列に配置されている。また、移動方向での受電モジュール４の間隔Ｌ２を給電モジュール３の間隔Ｌ１と異ならせている。   And many such power receiving modules 4 are arrange | positioned in the bottom part of the mobile body 1 by the predetermined space | interval, and in this example, it arrange | positions along the said electric power feeding module 3 in 3 rows along a moving direction. Further, the interval L2 between the power receiving modules 4 in the moving direction is different from the interval L1 between the power supply modules 3.

尚、給電用コイル３と受電用コイル４は、例えば、ぞれぞれ図４（ａ）に示されるように、渦巻き状に巻かられている。また、コイルの高周波電流の周波数は、２０ＫＨｚ〜１００ＫＨｚの範囲に設定され、素線は直径０．３ｍｍ〜０．０２ｍｍの範囲の微細線集合撚り線が用いられ、周波数が高いほど、表皮効果の影響が大きくなるため、細いより線が用いられる。この例においては、電力変換効率や電力損失を考慮して２０ＫＨｚのモジュールが用いられている。また、給電用コイル３と受電用コイル４の間隔は、近接するほど漏れ磁束が少なくなり、変換電力が多くなるので、数ミリ以下に調整されている。   The power supply coil 3 and the power reception coil 4 are wound in a spiral shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A. In addition, the frequency of the high frequency current of the coil is set in a range of 20 KHz to 100 KHz, and the strand is a fine wire assembly stranded wire having a diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 0.02 mm. Thin strands are used because of the greater effect. In this example, a 20 KHz module is used in consideration of power conversion efficiency and power loss. Further, the distance between the power feeding coil 3 and the power receiving coil 4 is adjusted to several millimeters or less because the leakage magnetic flux decreases and the converted power increases as the distance between the power feeding coil 3 and the power receiving coil 4 increases.

次に、以上のように構成された給電装置の動作を説明する。
交流電源から出力される２００Ｖの交流は、各給電モジュール３により２０ＫＨｚの高周波の正弦波に変換され、それぞれの給電用コイル６に供給されて高周波磁界を発生させる。この状態で、移動体１に設けられた受電モジュール４の受電用コイル（ピックアップコイル）３１が給電用コイル６に近接していると、受電用コイル３１に給電用コイル６との間で発生する誘導起電力が受電され、受電された電力は、受電回路３０の整流回路３３で整流され、チョッパ回路３７で所定の電圧に調整された後に、移動体１を駆動させる電動モータなどの負荷４１へ供給され、これにより、移動体１を走行レール上に沿って移動させる。 Next, the operation of the power supply apparatus configured as described above will be described.
The 200V AC output from the AC power source is converted into a high frequency sine wave of 20 KHz by each power supply module 3 and supplied to each power supply coil 6 to generate a high frequency magnetic field. In this state, when the power receiving coil (pickup coil) 31 of the power receiving module 4 provided in the moving body 1 is close to the power feeding coil 6, the power receiving coil 31 generates between the power feeding coil 6. The induced electromotive force is received, and the received power is rectified by the rectifying circuit 33 of the power receiving circuit 30 and adjusted to a predetermined voltage by the chopper circuit 37, and then to a load 41 such as an electric motor that drives the moving body 1. As a result, the moving body 1 is moved along the traveling rail.

移動体１の移動に伴い、受電モジュール４が対峙する給電モジュール３は刻々と移り変わっていくが、受電モジュール４は、新たに対峙する給電モジュール３との間で上述した動作が繰り返され、誘導起電力が受電され続ける。これにより、移動経路２の全範囲に亘って移動体１に非接触で給電することを可能にしている。   As the moving body 1 moves, the power supply module 3 facing the power receiving module 4 changes every moment, but the power receiving module 4 repeats the above-described operation with the power supply module 3 newly facing the Electric power continues to be received. Thereby, it is possible to supply power to the moving body 1 in a non-contact manner over the entire range of the moving path 2.

したがって、上述の構成によれば、表出部分が平坦状に形成された給電モジュール３と受電モジュール４とを対峙させて非接触にて給電されるので、移動体１の移動経路には、経路表面から立設する給電線を配設する必要がなく、メンテナンス時や清掃時に引っ掛けて破損させる不都合もなくなり、取り扱いが容易となる。   Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, since the power supply module 3 and the power reception module 4 having the exposed portion formed in a flat shape face each other and are fed in a non-contact manner, the moving path of the mobile body 1 includes the path There is no need to arrange a power supply line standing from the surface, and there is no inconvenience of being damaged by being caught during maintenance or cleaning, and handling becomes easy.

また、給電モジュール３や受電モジュール４の数やレイアウトを変更することで、供給電力量を調整することができるので、移動体１の需要電力に合わせて適切な給電装置の設計を容易に行うことが可能になると共に、種々の給電態様に対応することが可能となる。このため、異なる移動体や設置箇所に対して同一の給電モジュール３及び受電モジュール４を用いて対応することが可能となる。   In addition, since the amount of power supply can be adjusted by changing the number and layout of the power supply modules 3 and the power receiving modules 4, it is easy to design an appropriate power supply device according to the power demand of the mobile unit 1. It becomes possible to cope with various power supply modes. For this reason, it becomes possible to cope with different moving bodies and installation locations by using the same power supply module 3 and power receiving module 4.

さらに、上述の構成において、給電モジュール３にあっては、磁気誘導加熱調理器の給電ユニットと原理的に同様であるので、既存の磁気誘導加熱調理器の給電ユニットをそのまま利用することも可能であり、また、受電モジュール４にあっては、既存の磁気誘導加熱調理器の給電ユニットの給電回路を取り外し、コイル部分をそのまま残して受電回路３０を組み込めば形成することができるので、製造コストを大幅に削減することが可能となる。   Furthermore, in the above-described configuration, the power supply module 3 is similar in principle to the power supply unit of the magnetic induction heating cooker, so that the power supply unit of the existing magnetic induction heating cooker can be used as it is. In addition, the power receiving module 4 can be formed by removing the power feeding circuit of the power feeding unit of the existing magnetic induction heating cooker and incorporating the power receiving circuit 30 while leaving the coil portion as it is. It becomes possible to reduce significantly.

図５において、受電モジュール４の受電回路３０の他の構成例が示されている。この例において、受電回路３０は、給電用コイル６に近接して誘導起電力を発生させる受電用コイル（ピックアップコイル）３１に共振する共振コンデンサ４２と、この共振コンデンサ４２に並列接続された整流回路４３とを有している。この整流回路４３は、ピックアップコイル３１の出力を整流するショットキーダイオード４３ａ，４３ｂ，４３ｃ，４３ｄ等を利用したダイオードブリッジで構成され、ダイオード４３ｃ，４３ｄの導通、非導通をＩＧＢＴ、トランジスタ、ＦＥＴなどのスイッチグ素子で構成された制御回路４４で制御し、制御回路４４によるＰＷＭなどの変調制御により、出力電圧を一定にするようパルス幅や時間を制御するようにしている。そして、この整流回路４３の出力端子には、直列接続された平滑コイル４５を介して、負荷変動を安定させる低周波用コンデンサ４６ａと高調波ノイズを低減させる高周波用コンデンサ４６ｂとを組み合わせた平滑回路４６と、移動体１の負荷４１とが並列接続されている。尚、他の構成は、前記構成例と同様である。   FIG. 5 shows another configuration example of the power receiving circuit 30 of the power receiving module 4. In this example, the power reception circuit 30 includes a resonance capacitor 42 that resonates with a power reception coil (pickup coil) 31 that generates an induced electromotive force in the vicinity of the power supply coil 6, and a rectifier circuit that is connected in parallel to the resonance capacitor 42. 43. The rectifier circuit 43 is configured by a diode bridge using Schottky diodes 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d and the like for rectifying the output of the pickup coil 31. The pulse width and time are controlled so as to make the output voltage constant by the control circuit 44 constituted by the switching elements of the above and by modulation control such as PWM by the control circuit 44. The output terminal of the rectifier circuit 43 is connected to a smoothing circuit combining a low-frequency capacitor 46a for stabilizing load fluctuations and a high-frequency capacitor 46b for reducing harmonic noise via a smoothing coil 45 connected in series. 46 and the load 41 of the moving body 1 are connected in parallel. Other configurations are the same as those in the above configuration example.

このような構成においても、受電用コイル（ピックアップコイル）３１で受電した誘導起電力は、受電回路３０の整流回路４３で整流されつつ制御回路４４によって出力電圧が調節され、その後、移動体１を駆動させる電動モータなどの移動体の負荷４１へ供給され、これにより、移動体１を走行レール上に沿って移動させることが可能となり、前記構成例と同様の作用効果を得ることが可能となる。   Even in such a configuration, the induced electromotive force received by the power receiving coil (pickup coil) 31 is rectified by the rectifying circuit 43 of the power receiving circuit 30, and the output voltage is adjusted by the control circuit 44. Supplied to a load 41 of a moving body such as an electric motor to be driven, whereby the moving body 1 can be moved along the traveling rail, and the same operational effects as in the above configuration example can be obtained. .

尚、上述の例では、給電用コイル６と受電用コイル３１を渦巻き状に巻いた構成を説明したが、図４（ｂ）で示す円形状や図４（ｃ）で示す矩形状に数ターン巻回したもので代用してもよい。コイルの巻き方を円形状や矩形状にしたものにあっては、磁界の分布が図同図に示すように良くなり、給電用コイル６と受電用コイル３１との中心線がずれている場合でも、変換電力への影響を受けにくくすることが可能となる。この給電用コイル６と受電用コイル３１は、磁力線の分布を考慮すると、同一形状のものを用いればよいが、磁心を利用する場合やモジュールのレイアウトによっては、効率を向上させるために適宜形状を変更してもよい。   In the above-described example, the structure in which the power feeding coil 6 and the power receiving coil 31 are wound in a spiral shape has been described. However, the circular shape shown in FIG. 4B or the rectangular shape shown in FIG. You may substitute what was wound. When the winding method of the coil is circular or rectangular, the distribution of the magnetic field is improved as shown in the figure, and the center line between the power feeding coil 6 and the power receiving coil 31 is shifted. However, it becomes possible to make it less susceptible to the conversion power. The power supply coil 6 and the power reception coil 31 may have the same shape in consideration of the distribution of magnetic field lines. However, depending on the case of using a magnetic core or the layout of the module, the power supply coil 6 and the power reception coil 31 may be appropriately shaped to improve efficiency. It may be changed.

また、移動経路上に配設した各給電モジュール３を同期回路を用いずに非同期で高周波電力を発生させてもよく、このような構成を採用した場合には、給電モジュール間の間隔に前述のような制限を設ける必要はない。   Further, the high-frequency power may be generated asynchronously without using the synchronization circuit for each power supply module 3 disposed on the movement path. When such a configuration is adopted, the interval between the power supply modules is described above. There is no need to provide such restrictions.

さらに、上述の構成例では、移動経路２の上面に給電モジュール３を設置し、移動体１の下面に受電モジュール４を設置したが、移動経路２を付設する部屋や移動体１の形状に応じて、例えば、給電モジュール３を移動経路に設けられた立設面に設置し、受電モジュール４をこの立設面と対峙する移動体の側面に設置するなど、側方からの給電に対応させるようにしてもよい。また、給電用コイル６と受電用コイル３１との間の漏れ磁束を少なくする対策として、フェライト等の磁心を利用してもよい。   Furthermore, in the above-described configuration example, the power supply module 3 is installed on the upper surface of the moving path 2 and the power receiving module 4 is installed on the lower surface of the moving body 1. However, depending on the room to which the moving path 2 is attached and the shape of the moving body 1 Thus, for example, the power supply module 3 is installed on a standing surface provided in the movement path, and the power receiving module 4 is installed on the side surface of the moving body facing the standing surface so as to correspond to power supply from the side. It may be. Further, a magnetic core such as ferrite may be used as a countermeasure for reducing the leakage magnetic flux between the power feeding coil 6 and the power receiving coil 31.

さらにまた、上述の構成においては、給電モジュール３間の間隔を受電モジュール４間の間隔と異ならせることで、移動体１の停止位置や動きが予想できないような場合でも変換電力を一定にするようにしたが、移動体１の停止位置が決まっているような場合であれば、それに合わせて給電モジュール３と受電モジュール４の位相を一致させて配置し、効率を高めるようにしてもよい。   Furthermore, in the above-described configuration, the conversion power is made constant even when the stop position or movement of the moving body 1 cannot be predicted by making the interval between the power supply modules 3 different from the interval between the power receiving modules 4. However, if the stop position of the moving body 1 is determined, the power feeding module 3 and the power receiving module 4 may be arranged so as to coincide with each other to increase the efficiency.

図１は、本発明に係る移動体の非接触給電装置を示す外観図であり、図１（ａ）は移動体１を移動経路２から外した状態を示す斜視図であり、図２（ｂ）は移動体１を移動経路上に乗せた状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 1 is an external view showing a non-contact power feeding device for a moving body according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view showing a state in which the moving body 1 is removed from a moving path 2, and FIG. ) Is a plan view showing a state in which the moving body 1 is placed on the moving path. 図２は、本発明に係る非接触給電装置の給電モジュール３の構成例を示す電気回路図である。FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the power supply module 3 of the non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention. 図３は、本発明に係る非接触給電装置の受電モジュールの構成例を示す電気回路図である。FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a power receiving module of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention. 図４は、給電モジュールの給電用コイルと受電モジュールの受電用コイルの巻き方の構成例とその磁界分布を説明する図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of how to wind the power feeding coil of the power feeding module and the power receiving coil of the power receiving module and the magnetic field distribution thereof. 図５は、本発明に係る非接触給電装置の受電モジュールの他の構成例を示す電気回路図である。FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram showing another configuration example of the power receiving module of the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 移動体
２ 移動経路
３ 給電モジュール
４ 受電モジュール
５ 給電回路
６ 給電用コイル
８ 整流回路
９ａ 正側直流母線
９ｂ 負側直流母線
１２，１３，１９ ＩＧＢＴ
１８ スナバコンデンサ
１６ 共振コンデンサ
３０ 受電回路
３１ 受電用コイル
３２，４２ 共振コンデンサ
３３，４３ 整流回路
３５ チョッパ回路
４０，４６ 平滑回路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mobile body 2 Moving path 3 Feeding module 4 Power receiving module 5 Feeding circuit 6 Feeding coil 8 Rectifier circuit 9a Positive side DC bus 9b Negative side DC bus 12, 13, 19 IGBT
18 Snubber capacitor 16 Resonant capacitor 30 Power receiving circuit 31 Power receiving coil 32, 42 Resonant capacitor 33, 43 Rectifier circuit 35 Chopper circuit 40, 46 Smoothing circuit

Claims (6)

移動体の移動経路に沿って敷設された給電回路の給電用コイルから、前記移動体に設けられた受電回路の受電用コイルを介して非接触状態で給電する移動体の非接触給電装置であって、
前記給電回路と前記給電用コイルとを一体化すると共に前記給電用コイルを収容した表出部分を平坦状に形成して給電モジュールを構成し、
前記受電回路と前記受電用コイルとを一体化すると共に前記受電用コイルを収容した表出部分を平坦状に形成して受電モジュールを構成し、
前記給電モジュールを前記移動体の移動経路に沿って多数配置し、
前記受電モジュールをその表出部分が前記給電モジュールの表出部分と対峙し得るよう前記移動体に設けたことを特徴とする移動体の非接触給電装置。 A non-contact power feeding device for a mobile body that feeds power in a non-contact state from a power feeding coil of a power feeding circuit laid along a moving path of the mobile body through a power receiving coil of a power receiving circuit provided in the moving body. And
The power feeding circuit and the power feeding coil are integrated with each other, and a power feeding module is configured by forming a flat exposed portion accommodating the power feeding coil,
The power receiving module is configured by integrating the power receiving circuit and the power receiving coil and forming an exposed portion containing the power receiving coil in a flat shape,
A large number of the power supply modules are arranged along the movement path of the moving body,
A non-contact power feeding device for a moving body, wherein the power receiving module is provided on the moving body so that the exposed portion of the power receiving module can face the exposed portion of the power feeding module. 前記給電モジュールは、交流電源を整流して直流電源を生成する整流回路と、この整流回路によって生成される直流電源が供給される正側及び負側直流母線と、この正側及び負側直流母線間に接続されるインバータ主回路と、このインバータ主回路の出力端子に接続される前記給電用コイルと、この給電用コイルと一方の直流母線との間に接続され、前記給電用コイルと共振する共振回路と、前記インバータ主回路の出力端子と前記一方の直流母線との間に接続されるスナバ回路と、前記インバータ主回路を制御する制御手段とを有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の移動体の非接触給電装置。 The power supply module includes a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC power supply to generate a DC power supply, positive and negative DC buses to which a DC power generated by the rectifier circuit is supplied, and the positive and negative DC buses. An inverter main circuit connected in between, the power feeding coil connected to the output terminal of the inverter main circuit, and the power feeding coil and one of the DC buses connected to resonate with the power feeding coil 2. A resonance circuit, a snubber circuit connected between an output terminal of the inverter main circuit and the one DC bus, and control means for controlling the inverter main circuit. Non-contact power feeding device for moving objects. 前記受電モジュールは、前記給電用コイルに近接して誘導起電力を発生させる受電用コイルと、前記受電用コイルに共振する共振回路と、前記共振回路に接続された整流回路と、移動体の負荷に並列接続された平滑回路と、整流回路から出力された出力電圧をチョッパ制御するチョッパ回路とを有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の移動体の非接触給電装置。 The power reception module includes a power reception coil that generates an induced electromotive force in the vicinity of the power supply coil, a resonance circuit that resonates with the power reception coil, a rectifier circuit that is connected to the resonance circuit, and a load of a moving object A non-contact power feeding apparatus for a moving body according to claim 1, further comprising: a smoothing circuit connected in parallel to each other; and a chopper circuit that chopper-controls an output voltage output from the rectifier circuit. 前記受電モジュールは、前記給電用コイルに近接して誘導起電力を発生させる受電用コイルと、前記受電用コイルに共振する共振回路と、前記共振回路に接続された整流回路と、移動体の負荷に並列接続された平滑回路と、整流回路から出力される出力電圧を制御する制御手段とを有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の移動体の非接触給電装置。 The power reception module includes a power reception coil that generates an induced electromotive force in the vicinity of the power supply coil, a resonance circuit that resonates with the power reception coil, a rectifier circuit that is connected to the resonance circuit, and a load of a moving object The non-contact electric power feeder of the moving body of Claim 1 which has the smoothing circuit connected in parallel with, and the control means which controls the output voltage output from a rectifier circuit. 前記給電モジュールを所定の間隔で前記移動体の移動経路上に多数配置し、前記受電モジュールを前記給電モジュールと異なる間隔で前記移動体の移動方向に複数配置したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の移動体の非接触給電装置。 The power supply module is arranged in a large number on a moving path of the moving body at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of power receiving modules are arranged in a moving direction of the moving body at intervals different from the power feeding module. Non-contact power feeding device for mobile body. 前記給電モジュールによる給電を同期させ、前記移動体の移動方向での前記給電モジュール間の間隔を同方向での前記受電モジュールの寸法の半分以上に設定したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の移動体の非接触給電装置。 The movement according to claim 1, wherein power feeding by the power feeding module is synchronized, and an interval between the power feeding modules in a moving direction of the moving body is set to be more than half of a dimension of the power receiving module in the same direction. Body non-contact power feeding device.
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