JP2002177934A - Method of recovering electrical appliance, method of evaluating breakup, electrical appliance, information system for electrical appliance, recovering equipment for electrical appliance, apparatus for evaluating breakup - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve working efficiency for recovering by elucidating the kinds of classification in manual breakup work which is a fore process step of processing electrical appliances with a crushing machine and to reduce a cost of recycling treatment by preventing the trouble of the crushing machine. SOLUTION: Marks are displayed to manual breakup components which can be manually disassembled without being mechanically disassembled or crushed in recovering the electrical appliances after disposal or use and the manual breakup components are manually broken up from the products. In mechanically crushing the components thereafter, the mark displays are the marks discriminatable to plural kinds of the components having value and components requiring a cost burden, making easy breakup possible at a low cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the disposal of electric appliances, for example, used household electric appliances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the enforcement of the Home Appliance Recycling Law in April 2001, the recyclability of waste discharged in large quantities has been further improved, and the recycling rate, which is the point of the treatment standards, has been achieved.
The practice and acceleration of product and component recycling at a minimum cost is currently a major issue in the treatment of home appliances. For this reason, significant improvement is not expected only by improving the efficiency of home appliance recycling practices, and the need to incorporate in the design stage items for improving the efficiency of recycling in anticipation of future disposal is increasing.

FIG. 23 shows a flowchart of a conventional recycling method. FIG. 23A is a flowchart of a general case. When the household electric appliance S100 is used and then discarded S101, the landfill S102 is performed. Until now, home electric appliances have been disposed of by landfill. FIG. 23B is a flowchart in the case of passing through a processing facility.
The waste is first collected S202 by a public organization, a specialized trader dealing with the waste, a home electric appliance dealer, a maker, or the like.
The collected discarded goods are transported to the recycling center S203
Is done. At the recycling center, the processing is being carried out by a processing company along with the promotion of the improvement of recyclability, but at present the product is crushed by a crusher S204, and further, the material is sorted by a sorter S205, and iron, copper, aluminum etc. The valuables S206 are collected, but only a part of the plastics that can be easily recycled is recycled S
207 and the rest was landfilled with dust S208.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-233408 and the like have proposed a method of forming characters indicating the constituent material of a plastic component on the surface of the plastic component so that the plastic can be easily recycled. .
Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-267609 discloses a proposal in which an indication that this assembly does not have to be disassembled into a synthetic resin assembly made of the same material is represented by a symbol or specific characters. Furthermore, as a recyclable mark, ISO1
4021.

[0005]

In recent years, in a recycling center, etc., it is necessary to perform a partial separation (manually performed, hereinafter referred to as a manual dismantling work) which is a step before entering a crusher (mechanical separation). It is being advanced. Therefore, the manual disassembly work to perform partial separation may be, for example, a part that requires a large amount of environmentally harmful substances and requires special treatment, or a part of relatively high value. There were no clear standards, and some of them would be costly. As the Home Appliance Recycling Law comes into effect,
Only those that can be recovered are collected, and those of relatively high value (such as gold) cannot be extracted, and those that have a bad influence on the crusher are put into the crusher, which has a bad influence on the crusher, etc. Then, there was a problem that collection was not successful even if the law was made. Further, even if the product is considered to be recycled at the time of design, there is a problem in that the product cannot be recycled because it has been deformed or soiled due to long-term use or handling during collection. In addition to improving the efficiency of recycling practices for household appliances discharged from 2001 in accordance with the law, how to incorporate future recycling targets into current designs that will be discarded in 10 years. There is no standard for environmental impact minimization throughout the product life cycle, and environmental measures are extremely high, leaving a problem in the future. In addition, because the parts containing environmentally harmful substances, the parts that create value, and the parts that affect the crusher are unclear, the processing time for manual dismantling is long, and forgotten the dismantling of parts that have a bad effect on the crusher. Since the failure of the crusher occurs, the processing cost required for performing the recycling process has been increasing. As a result, not only recyclers, but also manufacturers, distributors, public institutions, etc. all have a heavy burden on environmental measures, which has an impact on positive issues such as delaying the formation of a recycling-based society and aiming for high efficiency. There was a problem such as getting out.

The present invention improves the efficiency of recovery work by clarifying the type of separation during manual dismantling work, which is a pre-process for the crusher, and also prevents the crusher from malfunctioning and reduces the cost of recycling. It is intended. The present invention also realizes a design or recycling business that facilitates recycling at a low cost. The present invention realizes a product design with a high recycling rate at a low cost. The present invention realizes a recyclable product that is not restricted by the design time or the disposal time, or is not restricted by the place such as the design place and the dismantling place. Also, the present invention
Introduce cost-effectiveness to recycling operations such as design and dismantling in consideration of product recycling, accelerate the formation of a recycling-oriented society, significantly reduce the cost of environmental measures, and provide not only public institutions but also general consumers It protects the environment and returns its benefits.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering an electric appliance, which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use. Displaying a mark or code on the disassembled part, disassembling the manually dismantled part from the product with a tool or hand before disassembling or crushing at the time of disposal or collection after use; A step of mechanically crushing the residual product after disassembly, and displaying the mark or code which is a mark or code that can be classified into a plurality of types that are valuable and costly after collection.

[0008] In the method for collecting electrical appliances according to the second aspect of the present invention, the marks or codes that can be classified into a plurality of types are as follows:
Mark or sign at least one of the defective parts that damage the crushing machine, the defective parts that contain substances that interfere with the operation of the machine, and the defective parts that contain substances that adversely affect the environment. A different mark or code is added to either the part containing the substance or the valuable recycled part.

In the method for recovering an electric appliance according to the third aspect of the present invention, the disassembly of the manually disassembled part with the mark or the code is performed by the part up to the designated disassembly order or the part within the designated time. Demolition.

In the method for recovering an electric appliance according to the present invention, the position of the manually dismantled part, the designated dismantling order, or the dismantling time when disassembling the manually dismantled part with the mark or code is displayed. Is set in advance, and the set position, order, or time can be changed by communication means or input means.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering an electric appliance, wherein a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use. The steps of setting and displaying in advance, dismantling the manually dismantled parts from the product with tools or hands before disassembly or crushing at the time of disposal or collection after use, and dismantling the hand dismantled parts with the machine Crushing step, wherein the display is read by a display device provided in the electric appliance, or read from the storage means, or externally received information is displayed by the communication means.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering an electric appliance, wherein a tool or a manually dismantled part which can be disassembled by hand without being disassembled or broken by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use is set in advance. Displaying on a display device;
Disassembling a manually dismantled part from a product by a tool or a hand before disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use; and disassembling the hand dismantled part by a machine after disassembly, The setting of the display on the display device can be changed by communication means or input means.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering an electric appliance, which comprises disassembling a tool or a manually dismantled part that can be disassembled by hand without disassembly or crushing by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use. Setting, a step of notifying the reaching of a disassembly time set before dismantling the hand dismantled parts, and a step of crushing the hand dismantled parts by a machine after disassembly. The set dismantling time can be changed by communication means or input means.

[0014] The disassembly evaluation method of the present invention according to claim 8 comprises:
A step of setting in advance the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure; a step of setting in advance the value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts; Calculating the sum of the value of the product in accordance with the disassembly time history of sequentially disassembling the product; and calculating the sum of the value for each disassembly time history at a time earlier than the preset disassembly time. Set the type, position, quantity, or disassembly procedure of hand dismantled parts so that the total value of the disassembly time and the accumulated value for each destruction time can be equal to or greater than the target value value for a given disassembly time. Displaying or notifying the user of the change.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disassembly evaluation method,
A step of setting in advance the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure; a step of setting in advance the value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts; Calculating the value of the product in accordance with the disassembly time of the product; and integrating the value for each disassembly time. Or a step of determining whether it is later than the disassembly time for a preset value amount.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the dismantling evaluation method according to the present invention, when the dismantling time and the value are smaller than the value for the predetermined dismantling time, or when the dismantling time is longer than the dismantling time for the predetermined value. Is
Enabling the setting of the type, position, quantity, or disassembly procedure of the manually dismantled parts to be changed.

The disassembly evaluation method of the present invention according to claim 11 includes a step of changing the setting by input means or communication means and displaying the disassembly time and the value after the change. is there.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the disassembly evaluation method according to the present invention is provided when the value for the disassembly time is smaller than the value for the preset disassembly time or when the value for the disassembly time is later than the disassembly time for the preset value. Notifying the change of the product structure so as to change the type or position or quantity of the manually dismantled parts or the dismantling procedure.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dismantling evaluation method according to the present invention, wherein a disassembling time for a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure is set in advance; Setting the value of the component in advance, calculating the sum of the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product, and accumulating the value for each disassembly time. Displaying a time value and a preset cost of dismantling time.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the disassembly evaluation method according to the present invention, when it is determined that the value for the disassembly time is less than a predetermined cost for the disassembly time, the type or position or quantity of the manually dismantled parts or the disassembly procedure. Notifying a change in the product structure so as to change the product structure.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, when the used product is collected, a plurality of types of parts to be removed in advance by a tool or a hand before crushing by a machine are used depending on the collection process. A mark is added or stored with a different code in a storage means provided on the product to identify it from other parts.

The parts to be removed in advance of the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 16 are obtained by calculating the cumulative change in the value of the removed parts with respect to the time taken for removal, and comparing with the time work cost of the preliminary removal step. By doing so, the target part is determined.

In the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 17, the parts to be removed in advance are defective parts which may cause a defect when put into a crusher, defective parts made of materials which affect the environment, or rare metals. Including a valuable part or a plastic part having an equal value, a mark or a sign is attached to a defective part and a mark or a sign is attached to a valuable part.

The plastic parts of the parts to be removed in advance of the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 18 can be removed by the same method such as the direction of removal.

The material of the plastic parts of the parts to be removed in advance of the electric appliance of the present invention according to the nineteenth aspect is selected from polyphenylene, polystyrene, high-impact modified polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-phthalene-styrene copolymer. is there. The plastic part of the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 20 is one in which a mark or a code expressing that recycling is possible and a material symbol are written together.

In the electrical appliance of the present invention according to claim 21, the material symbol is described in the vicinity of a mark expressing that the material symbol can be recycled, or described in a position symmetrical with the mark.

[0027] The mark and the material symbol indicating that the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 22 is recyclable are described with a convex or concave character on the part, and the convex or concave character is formed on the non-transparent part. Is written on the front side of the part as a regular letter, and the transparent part is described as a regular letter on the front side of the part or the back side of the part in a direction that can be read as a regular letter when viewed from the surface.

In the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 23, a target part list of parts to be removed and an instruction diagram of this disassembly procedure are displayed or stored in a predetermined place of the product or a predetermined specific part. . In addition, when a cover or the like covering the surface of the electric appliance according to the present invention according to claim 24 is opened, the hard-to-crush material and the environment-affecting substance, or the parts to which the hard-to-crush material and the environment-affecting substance are attached are exposed.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance information system according to the present invention, which enables input of a structural design of an electric appliance and a plurality of types of hands which are part of the structure and which can be disassembled with a tool or a hand. Design input means capable of preliminarily setting disassembled parts, storage means for previously storing material unit prices of a plurality of manually dismantled parts and disassembly time for each part, and component information of a plurality of manually disassembled parts input from the design input means And display means for displaying, based on the information stored in the storage means, the sum of the value of the parts to be manually disassembled in accordance with the time of manual disassembly of the appliance, wherein the design input means, the storage means, and the display means are provided. They are connected via communication means.

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the electric appliance information system according to the present invention, when the electric appliance is discarded, the range of parts to be disassembled by hand can be changed, and the stored information can be updated. It is.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance recovery apparatus according to the present invention. Setting value input means for setting the value of hand dismantled parts in advance, calculation means for calculating the sum of the value of a plurality of hand dismantled parts according to the disassembly time of the product, and integration of the value for each disassembly time Display means for displaying or recording that disassembly is not possible within a preset disassembly time.

According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, wherein a plurality of types of hands which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of disposing of the electric appliance or collecting it after use. Setting means for presetting a disassembly time for manually dismantling the disassembled parts; type of hand disassembled parts read from the setting means, or read from storage means provided in the appliance, or receives external information via communication means; Or, display means capable of displaying the position, quantity, or disassembly procedure, and timer means for measuring the work time for disassembling a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts displayed on the display means and notifying the preset disassembly time. And with.

According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, comprising: a time value recording means for recording a value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts set in advance as an integrated value along with the disassembly time. Things.

According to a thirtieth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus comprising: a dismantling time recording means for recording the dismantling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts set in advance.

According to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the setting means, the display means, the time value recording means, or the dismantling time recording means can be set, displayed, or recorded remotely via a communication system. It is.

According to a thirty-second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dismantling evaluation apparatus according to the present invention, wherein a dismantling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure is set in advance and a plurality of types of dismantled parts are provided. Setting value input means for presetting the value of the product, calculating means for calculating the sum of the value of a plurality of manually dismantled parts according to the time of disassembly of the product, and integrating the value for each time of disassembly. A display means is provided for displaying a relationship between a value for time and a cost for a preset disassembly time.

The dismantling evaluation apparatus according to the present invention is designed to change the drawing of the product so as to change the type or the number of hand dismantled parts or the disassembling procedure when the cost for dismantling time is greater than the value. And input means.

[0038]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating the recycling method of the present invention. This is a flowchart showing processing in a processing facility such as a recycling center. When household appliances S000 are used in ordinary households and then discarded S001, the waste is first handled by a public institution such as a city hall or a specialized facility that handles waste products. Vendors, electronics retailers,
It is collected S002 by a maker or the like. Disposal goods collected in specific places are transported to the recycling center S0
03. The recycling center has adopted a structure that allows easy disassembly of components that can be disassembled directly by hand or using tools into televisions, washing machines, air conditioners, and other electrical appliances brought in as recycled products. The mark indicating that it should be disassembled is displayed. Only this mark display part is manually disassembled S00
4 For manual disassembly, for example, if it is a refrigerator, open the door and remove the interior plastic parts marked with a mark, or remove the cover of the machine room at the lower back of the refrigerator with a screwdriver etc. and fix the disassembled parts inside Use a hammer to break and remove the fixing screw part of the compressor specified in. In the case of an air conditioner such as an air conditioner, a body or the like, which is a cover of an outer enclosure, is broken by hand, or a front grille portion is removed to fix internal disassembly parts with a hammer or the like to remove it by breaking. Although the display of the mark of the mark display component is described in the component, it is also possible to display the contents of the electronic data on the screen of the entire product or individual parts as described later. For the work of disassembling by hand, the work time is measured by a timer.

The electric appliances, such as refrigerators, which have been manually disassembled, remain in the main body from which the manually dismantled parts have been removed, or are partially broken and disassembled into a plurality of parts, and are installed in a recycling center. And then crushed into small chunks or crushed pieces. The crushed pieces are separated by material such as iron, copper, aluminum, plastic, etc. by using an air sorter utilizing a difference in weight or a sorter which sorts without a magnetic force.
006 is performed. In this sorting, except for the manually dismantled parts, cascade recycling S019 for valuables such as iron, fuel oil and the like is performed, and landfilling of plastics, dust and uncollected plastics S020 is performed.
Useful items such as valuables are collected.

On the other hand, for the mark display component disassembled by hand, the type of the mark is confirmed S007. There are a plurality of types of marks and codes that can be separated separately from each other.In this mark or code, defective parts such as hard-to-crush parts that damage the machine that breaks electrical appliances into pieces Defective parts such as defective parts containing substances such as permanent magnets that interfere with the operation of the machine and defective parts containing substances that adversely affect the environment such as environmental hormones harmful to the human body are marked with an x mark 103. . The X-marked parts are further classified and sorted into individual parts S
008 is performed. The defective parts, which are manually disassembled parts of the X mark, which are individually sorted, must be removed before crushing, and the parts are easily disassembled by hand at the stage of designing an electric appliance. However, some of these defective parts are reverse-paid items that need to be paid for post-processing such as detoxification after classifying them as valuables that can make money. Exists. These are 1
Although it is indicated by two x marks, it is obvious that the valued goods and the inversely paid goods may be further divided by marks in the trouble.

As another mark type shown in FIG. 1, there is a component containing expensive rare metal such as gold, a component S013 which sells at a high price such as a microcomputer or a special semiconductor, and a component containing such a rare metal or a substrate on which it is mounted. Alternatively, a mark 110 is provided on the substrate holding plate, and a rare metal or the like is recovered S014. As another mark, ISO14021
Incorporate the recyclable mark 100 adopted in. This is a material-recycling part that collects materials and recycles them into new materials as raw materials.
Although iron, copper, aluminum, etc. as described in the valuables S018 in FIG. 1 are included, the parts to be recycled from the manually dismantled parts are plastic molded parts S015, such as refrigerator shelves and air conditioner grills. Can be raised. These plastics are sorted by material type S01
6 and material recycling S017 is performed.

In the recycling method shown in FIG. 1, a mark or a sign is displayed on a tool or a manually dismantled part which can be disassembled by hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use. By dismantling the dismantled parts by hand and then crushing them with a machine, it becomes possible to separate the parts into valuable parts and those requiring a cost after collection. In addition, when attaching or describing the mark from the design stage, it is possible to adopt a structure in which a part to be disassembled by hand attaching the mark can be easily removed in advance. For example, the plastic parts of the hand dismantled parts marked on the refrigerator door can be easily disassembled by pulling them up and lifting them upwards, and the disassembly procedure is set in advance by removing them in order from the upper parts. .

The mark or code is formed by attaching a mark or code to a defective part that damages the crushing machine, a defective part that contains a substance that hinders the operation of the machine, and a defective part that contains a substance that adversely affects the environment.
Enables environmental protection without affecting recycling. Furthermore, the compressor and motor are designed to be removed with as little manual work as possible. Also, as shown in FIG. 1, parts including a substance having a recovery value and recycled parts that are valuable are provided with another mark or code, and the disassembly can be removed in order with the defective part. Thus, the specified part can be dismantled within the designated time. In addition, the parts with a recovery value to which the mark is added may be attached to all the parts that are to be removed by manual disassembly. The number and the planned hand dismantled parts may be communicated to the manual dismantling worker at the recycling center. The mark type may be changed from the other shapes, the mark may be read from the storage element attached to the product, the planned manual disassembly range is indicated by a diagram attached to the product, or the information is transmitted by communication means. It may be obtained and displayed. As a result, it is conceivable that the data of the pre-set conditions may change significantly during the use period of the electric appliance for several years, 10 years or 15 years in the plan at the time of design. For example, it is assumed that the price of iron or aluminum changes, or the standard dismantling time per hour changes. Alternatively, there is an unthinkable itself at the time of designing, for example, a large deformation, and a recycling and collecting method that can flexibly cope with such a change is obtained.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show display examples of various marks.
FIG. 2 shows a recyclable mark 100 for plastic parts.
In this example, the recyclable mark 100 conforms to ISO14021, and the material symbol conforms to ISO11469. a is an example displayed on a high impact type polystyrene molded product, b
Indicates the case where it is indicated on a polypropylene molded product.
In FIG. 3, a, b, c, d, and e are marks indicating hard-to-crush materials, and any mark may be used. a is the X mark 10
3, b is a plan to clarify the meaning with × CRUSH mark, c
Is a plan in which the parking prohibition mark 105 is substituted, d is a round trouble mark 106, and e is a plan in which a cross mark 107 is added to the crusher model diagram.

In FIG. 3, f, g, h, and i are display examples of the environmental impact mark, where f is an X mark 103, g is a Harmful 108, which is a danger display word, and h is a plan that substitutes the parking prohibition mark 105. , I are □ harm marks 109. In FIG. 3, j, k, l, and m are examples of marks of parts having a high recovery value, such as rare metals, where j is a ☆ mark 110 and k is RAR.
The E marks 111 and 1 are hexagonal marks 112, and m is a round mark. Since there are various mark plans as described above, depending on the part of the electric appliance, if there is a confusing display due to the pattern of the mark attaching portion or the like, it can be appropriately selected.

When considering a product that is easy to recycle at a minimum cost in order to actually enhance the environmental compatibility of an electric appliance, there are the following problems when designing a product or performing a collection operation at a recycling site. In order to solve such problems, it is necessary to extract problems at the time of the current dismantling process, extract important and insignificant portions of the countermeasures, and grasp the cost-effectiveness of the improvement countermeasures. (1) What are the points in the design structure that should facilitate dismantling? (2) Guidelines for selecting parts to change materials. (3) How to determine the recovery effect and determine the cost effectiveness. (4) Assess the correlation between the re-commercialization rate achievement level and the costs of incurred disposal.

In this case, it is necessary to temporarily determine the concept of the reference plant in the recycling center. Based on this, it is necessary to quantitatively understand the impact of easy-to-recycle designs and the impact on profit and loss. Next, a concept for solving the above-described problem will be described. First, it is necessary to classify the costs generated in connection with recycling, and the reusable materials and waste generated by the disassembly and separation processing are classified into “income” and “expenditure” as shown in FIG. Fig. 4 shows the profit and loss balance of recycling activities.
Those that create value are valuable, those that do not are reverse paid
And allocate them to the income side and the expenditure side, respectively. As a result, the profit and loss of recycling activities is expressed in a form that includes the cost of measures that are reflected in product costs. Whether or not this measure cost is included may be examined as necessary.
The user's burden in FIG. 4 is the cost paid to dispose of the electric appliance when it is discarded. This will be a source of income for those who dismantle waste products.

As a reference plant in a recycling center, material separation is assumed by manual partial separation and mechanical crushing, and both are selected while balancing the three factors of re-commercialization rate, economic efficiency and environmental load. become.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to manually disassemble a part containing a large amount of harmful substances and requiring specialized treatment, a part having a relatively high value, and a part having an adverse effect on the post-process of the work. desirable. FIG. 5 shows an evaluation method that is effective for determining the cost and the effect. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents "time", and the vertical axis represents "cost" and "recommodification rate", and the "hand dismantling process" is shown in time. The two broken lines in the figure indicate the transition of the re-commercialization rate and the accumulated value of valuable and reverse paid items that change with the progress of manual dismantling. The points in the line represent the manual dismantling work for each part. Further, the straight line rising to the right represents the operation cost required for the manual dismantling work.

FIG. 5 shows an example. First, the re-commercialization rate is how much the recyclable weight occupies the product weight, but as shown in FIG. Since there is no recovery, the recovery rate is low and gradually increases, but is about 50-80%. Depending on the type of product, if the main part is recovered by mechanical crushing performed after the manual dismantling parts, a very high recycling rate cannot be obtained in the time during the manual dismantling work. In the first place, the accumulated amount of the collected items dismantled by hand is subjected to destruction work to remove the parts, and then to work to remove defective parts that must be removed. Parts are expensive, and parts containing materials such as vinyl chloride need to be separated, for example, they need to be paid to a professional contractor, which incurs negative costs due to reverse payment. Next, when the valuables are manually disassembled and collected, the negative costs begin to accumulate on the positive side.

The manual disassembly work cost increases based on the labor required for manual disassembly and increases with the working hours of the people. This cost may include not only personnel costs but also other indirect costs and equipment depreciation costs, and may be used as an hourly cost. If the cost per unit time is constant and the number of workers is constant, the manual disassembly work cost becomes a straight line according to the work time as shown by a dotted line in FIG. When the parts to be dismantled by hand can be dismantled, or when the specified time has been reached, the final accumulated amount is the amount converted to the value that can recover the dismantled parts. It can be negative, near zero, or positive in value. In order to balance income and expenditure, the user who has used this discarded home electric appliance must pay the final accumulated amount and the burden paid by the user who has used this discarded electric appliance, even if the countermeasure cost of the product shown in FIG. 4 is excluded. If the sum does not balance at least the expenditures such as the work cost of dismantling by hand and other expenditure costs, it will not be feasible as a business. Of course, other expenditures include various costs for business execution, such as mechanical crushing work and equipment costs.

As described above, in conducting a recycling business, defective parts must be removed before being crushed by a machine in advance, and if the cost of the work of dismantling by hand cannot be covered by the income of the recycling business, it is enormous for environmental measures. Expenditures have to be invested, environmental protection has stagnated, and protection of the global environment has been delayed, resulting in significant losses. This requires expenditures commensurate with the income, and issues such as the structural design of the product and the equipment and work content of the recycling business. This basic idea is shown in the dismantling time, recommercialization rate, and dismantling cost diagram in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of FIG. 5 .First, in order to increase the recycling rate, in an air conditioner or a refrigerator, etc., as many valuables as possible when disassembling by hand before being crushed by a machine, for example, I want to dismantle plastics that are not very useful if they are crushed. However, if this dismantling takes too much time, the dismantling cost will be too high and the expenditure will not be worth the income. The faster the dismantling time, the lower the expenditure. However, it can be seen that the final accumulated amount at that time should be a target amount corresponding to the profit and loss balance of the recycling activity, that is, a target value derived from the business operation balance.

Summarizing the above from FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, it is necessary to make the completion point of the work of dismantling by hand, that is, the point of obtaining the final accumulated amount faster and higher, that is, to increase the amount obtained by collection in a short time. The following points are important. (1) The total value of the recycling rate obtained by manual disassembly and machine separation must exceed a set standard, for example, at least the legal standard. (2) Due to the difference between the manual dismantling work cost and the total amount, the cost balance generated in the dismantling process can be seen. Conversely, it is necessary to clear the target value based on the cost-effectiveness of the recycling business, that is, the balance of the income and expenditure. (3) The process in which the polygonal line rises to the right is the process that creates value, and the process that faces downward or sideways is the loss process. In other words, the point of cost reduction is product design and the introduction of recycling equipment, which enables the upward-sloping process to be performed before manual dismantling.

The plotting example of the relationship between time and cost / recycling rate as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 was used for the explanation because it is essential to disassemble by hand, but equipment such as machinery is used. The same can be said for the work done. One chart like this clearly shows the cost-effectiveness of disassembly and separation of the target product. It will also be possible to evaluate the cost of investing for the measures and the effect of improving the balance. At the design stage, for example, a 3D C
With AD and a personal computer capable of calculating and displaying this chart diagram, it is possible to easily achieve effective product design for the recycling business and easily recyclable designs at low cost while satisfying environmental protection measures. Secondly, it is possible to judge whether or not the work according to the set information of the dismantling time and the dismantled parts, which are information obtained in advance, is performed based on the chart at the site of the recycling business, that is, the dismantling work site. Based on this judgment, it is possible to confirm the balance of the recycling business, and if a loss occurs, measures can be taken promptly, and if measures are not taken in advance according to the chart diagram from the design stage, costs will be incurred. It is also possible to perform flexible dismantling work that can satisfy the effect.

With the above idea, the problem of disassembly and separability of the target product can be visually recognized, so that the target to which labor is to be invested for improvement at the design stage is clarified. It can also be evaluated whether the cost of investing in is worth the improvement in income and expenditure obtained by improving the dismantling and separation. As a result, the cost of recycling can be reduced by the following means, and the cost and effectiveness of the recycling business can be improved. In other words, when collecting and recycling household appliances, a mark is given to parts to be removed in advance,
By distinguishing the part from other parts, the operator can directly visually check the work, thereby speeding up the work. This pre-removed part represents the cumulative change in the value of the removed part with respect to the time taken to remove it, and disassembly work is necessary because the target part is determined by comparing it with the time work cost of the pre-removal process Can be processed in a necessary time, thereby preventing waste of time. Parts to be removed in advance eliminate the risk of equipment failure, including parts that may cause problems when thrown into the crusher. Parts to be removed in advance include:
Does not cause problems on global environmental protection, including parts made of materials that affect the environment. Parts to be removed in advance include:
Increases the amount of money collected including parts with rare metals.
Parts to be removed in advance include plastic molded parts to be recycled. All plastic molded parts to be recycled can be removed in the same way, thus shortening the working time. The material of the plastic molded part to be real-recycled is easy to recycle with any of polyphenylene, polystyrene, high-impact modified polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-phthalene-styrene copolymer. Plastic molded parts to be recycled are marked with a mark that indicates that recycling is possible and a material symbol, so that they can be separated easily and easily. Since the material symbol is displayed near the recyclable mark or in a position symmetrical with the recyclable mark and is easy to see, the work is quick. The mark and material symbol that indicate that recycling is possible is a convex character on the part, making it easy to understand even after long-term use and quick work. The protruding characters of the mark and material symbol that indicate that recycling is possible can be read as non-transparent parts as regular characters on the front side of the part, and transparent parts can be read as regular characters when viewed from the back and surface of the part. Direction is easy to understand and work is quick. For example, a list of parts to be removed in advance, a disassembly instruction drawing is clearly indicated at a certain location of the product or at a certain unique part, and there is a hand to simplify the work.

FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 are views for explaining a recovery apparatus and a recovery method in a waste product recovery factory which is a site of a recycling business. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the entire system including a waste product recovery factory. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 120 denotes a research company that obtains the latest data such as material prices and communicates it to necessary departments and the like by using a display device. 121, PC body 12
2. The result of the investigation is compiled by the input device 123 and the like and transmitted by the communication device 124. This communication is relayed and transmitted by the antenna 126 of the communication station 125. 130 is an electrical appliances mother factory that designs electrical appliances and stores data on products manufactured by Mr. Kiyozo and past products. The display device 134 connected to the communication device 131, the operation storage device 135, and the input device 13
6, a display device 137, a database 132 for storing a lot of data such as drawings together with a three-dimensional CAD device 138 for creating a design drawing and performing structural examination, weight calculation, cost calculation, etc., a design drawing input device 139, a drawing output device 160, etc. , 133 are connected and used for many operations in the mother factory and exchanges with related departments at a distance. 141 is a crushing facility for mechanical disassembly provided in a recovery factory 140 for disassembling and collecting the discarded products 142, and 144 is a display device 143, an input device 145, and a discarded product provided at a site where the products are disassembled manually. The personal computer used for dismantling work by communicating with the reader 148 that reads information about this discarded product from the storage medium attached to 142, for example, where to disassemble by hand and what material is contained, etc. is there.

FIG. 7 illustrates a system related to recycling. The collection factory 140 receives waste products, carries them out of valuables and takes them out, and carries out the latest dismantling necessary for recycling business such as dismantling and factory management. We receive data on the prices of materials and waste products from outside via communication and perform work. FIG. 8 is a flowchart describing the procedure of the operation of the recycling system. When the dismantled product is set at the place where it is manually disassembled and start S030, the display S031 of the mark of each part of the discarded product 142 is confirmed, and the manual disassembly time is turned on.
Is done. The start of the timing may be performed by detecting the state where the waste product is set at a predetermined position and turning it on, or by turning on a switch for starting the dismantling work. The storage medium 147 such as a storage element attached to a product other than the mark attached to the component may be read by the personal computer 122 via the reading device 148 and displayed on the display device 143. Alternatively, the start time may be a time when a product specification of the discarded article 142, for example, a product symbol or a serial number is input to the input device 145 and stored in the personal computer body 144 or used for communication with the mother factory.

This manual disassembly timing is set to offS when the manual disassembly is completed.
033. Refrigerators, etc., which are discarded, are put into crushing equipment as they are, excluding valuables and defective parts that have been disassembled by hand, and broken into pieces. The display device 143 displays the time of disassembly by hand as it is S034, and the accumulated amount is also calculated and displayed by inputting the disassembled and recovered parts. If the product use has been entered, the time and accumulated amount are automatically displayed during the standard disassembly procedure, or are stored so as to be displayed.
034. In this case, target product conditions such as pre-set conditions and product use have been input S035. The accumulated amount and the disassembly time are compared with a target value by an arithmetic processing unit in the personal computer body 144, and whether or not the disassembly is performed within the target time and the target accumulated amount is secured, or one of the target values To determine whether or not both have been achieved. If the measured value or the calculated value clears the target, the processing of the next discarded product is started as it is, and the display of the mark S031 is again changed to the product specification,
For example, the process is started by inputting that the discarded product is a refrigerator.

If the accumulated value of the collected goods is insufficient or the dismantling time exceeds the schedule, or if there is a state where the target value cannot be attained, a mark or the like is provided so that the target value can be reached. The review of the position and the quantity of the component to which the code is assigned is subjected to the arithmetic processing S038 in the arithmetic processing unit in the personal computer main body 144 and displayed on the display device. This calculation process involves reviewing the number of valuable parts to be dismantled and their positions, and by this review data for simulating time and money and performing arithmetic processing is input from the input device 145 or stored in the personal computer. From the department, from the storage medium 147, or from the databases 132, 133 of the mother factory 130.
You may bring it from. As for these data, more parts are marked or stored on the previously planned parts displayed before disassembly by hand on the display device, and new parts of the product are newly selected from those parts. Review the number and position of parts to be dismantled in the manual dismantling process that can achieve the target value, for example, to give priority to keeping the dismantling time within a predetermined range, The target parts and time, which are valuable resources, and the dismantling procedure are reviewed.

The accumulated amount and the disassembly time simulated by this review and the judgment whether the disassembly time is within the target value are determined by S039.
If the target value is satisfied, the manual dismantling range and the dismantling time are reset for the product (S043). In addition, if the accumulated accumulated amount of collected items is insufficient and the disassembly time is too long and it will be a problem in the recycling business by itself, it will be determined from the media such as storage elements attached to the product and the database of the mother factory. The read preliminary dismantling procedure is displayed, and the dismantling process of the product is reviewed based on the simulated amount and time of this procedure. By displaying on a display device, or preparing in advance, or knowing the data at the time of manufacture through communication, it is possible to review parts to be provided such as marks, review dismantling procedures, etc. based on such examination results. This makes it possible to make such an exceptional review of the viability of a business quickly and easily, before any losses occur. In steps S037, S038, and S039, the number, position, procedure, and the like of the manually dismantled parts are reviewed, and if it is determined that the target is not reached as a result of the simulation, this difference is a limit allowed in performing the recycling business. If the numerical value is not so far away from the predetermined range S041, the resetting S043 is performed by the review S038 again.

However, if the difference is large, the data is stored in step S042, and further detailed examination and simulation are performed for a meeting with the manufacturing department and a meeting with the waste collection department. If the mark or code given to the discarded product is limited to manually dismantled parts, the contents displayed in step 036 will be analyzed and notified to the department related to the dismantling business and recycling business. Enable improvements.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a personal computer device for performing processing such as display, storage and calculation in the collection factory. The condition inputs include basic data such as the names of parts to be dismantled by hand, material order and weight. And the conditions for dismantling, for example, hard-to-crush materials,
There are rare metal contents and the like, which may be input from the input device 145, or may be read from data stored in another storage device in advance. Likewise, similarly, the preset conditions are stored and set such as the value of the material, the standard dismantling time for each part, the standard dismantling cost per hour, the product standard dismantling procedure, the part name, and the like. These are displayed if the specifications of the discarded item are entered, and when the standard work is performed according to this procedure, only the structure and time lapse of the discarded item are displayed and whether or not they are within the target values after the end of manual dismantling Is expressed as time and output as arithmetic processing data to be the first target value. However, the preset conditions may be modified by information from a research company or the like via communication according to fluctuations in the market price. The product specification and other conditions are input, the preset condition is read from the storage device, the result of the calculation is stored and displayed, and is compared with the preset dismantling time. However, if the values set in advance under the preset conditions do not match during use of the product, or if the calculated data does not meet even though the values have been entered and changed in the middle, or in order to improve the profit and loss of the recycling business, The number, position, and procedure of the parts are improved, the data is changed by input including the procedure, and the disassembly is newly simulated, and the disassembly time and the collection amount, which are the result, are displayed S034. This time, the amount is the second
Is compared with the measurement time as the target value of S036.

FIG. 10 shows, in advance, a calculation result obtained by previously calculating a manual dismantling work cost and an accumulated amount of accumulated recovery with the lapse of the manual dismantling time based on data at the time of manufacture of the product. This is an example in which the simulation result after reviewing the procedure and dismantled parts to improve the profit and loss is displayed as improved after comparison with a display device. Although the final accumulated amount 400 is not so much improved, the dismantling time is shortened and faster is achieved.

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are explanatory diagrams in which the development of environment-friendly products is carried out at a mother factory of electric appliances using a design support tool for recycling. The electrical appliance mother factory 130 has databases 132 and 133, an arithmetic processing unit 134, and a display unit 137.
And many other processing devices. FIG. 8 is a flowchart for designing for recycling by these processing devices, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an apparatus for performing the processing.
In the figure, an operation storage device 135 that supports recycling support
Has a display device 134, an input device 136 and a communication line 16 1
Is connected to the three-dimensional CAD body 139. The three-dimensional CAD body 138 is connected to the display device 137 and the design input device 139, and creates a design drawing while examining the product structure. Further, the weight of the part whose dimensions are set can be calculated by inputting the material or specific gravity.

Next, FIGS. 13 and 14 will be described. S05 in FIG.
At 0, input the shape with the design input device 139 while looking at the display device 137 using the arithmetic processing of the three-dimensional CAD main body 138, design the air conditioner structure, and recycle the room air conditioner based on this. Will be described. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the outdoor unit. FIG. 14 shows an exploded structure of the outdoor unit and names of parts. As shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 16 denotes an outdoor electric component box provided above the compressor 5 in the outdoor unit 20 and slidably mounted with an outdoor control board on which a microcomputer and the like are mounted. Reference numeral 18 denotes a blower rotated by a motor 19. As shown in FIG. 14, the outdoor unit 20 has an outer enclosure formed of a front cover 2, a base 3, a back panel 9, and a top panel 14 made of iron, and each panel can be disassembled by hand using a tool. Further, a fan cover 1, a service panel 8, and a capacitor net 12, which are made of a unified material such as polypropylene, are attached to each panel.

The interior of the outdoor unit 20 has a compressor 5 mainly composed of a copper alloy or the like, stop valves 6 and 7, a pipe assembly 10, a machine room in which a four-way valve is assembled, a motor support for supporting a motor blower, and a heat exchanger. Are separated from each other by an iron separator. With this structure, when the claw portion hooked and locked between the top panel 14, the front cover 2 and the back panel 9 is removed, the outer enclosure is disassembled and the inside is exposed.

The valuables that can be recycled in the room air conditioner outdoor unit 20 include a fan cover 1, a front cover 2, a base 3, a separator 4, a stop valve 6.7,
There are a service panel 8, a condenser net 12, a motor support 13, a top panel 14, a heat exchanger 15, and the like.
These are given a recycle symbol 100 as shown in FIG. In addition, since the outdoor control board 17 contains lead as a substance containing an environmentally harmful substance, an X mark 103 indicating that the substance has an adverse effect on the environment is written thereon. Has a ☆ mark 110 indicating that rare metals are included. In addition, the compressor 5 and the motor 19 are equipped with recyclable materials 100 and contain magnetic substances. Therefore, when the magnetic substance is put into the crusher, the crushed magnetic substance adheres to the crushing and sorting line, causing trouble, and therefore, an X mark 103 indicating that the magnetic substance cannot be put into the crusher in advance is written. As shown in S051 in FIG. 11, there are many other parts, but a defective part is marked with an X mark 103 as much as possible. 1
00 is described. For those items that are considered to be difficult to disassemble and costly to work, recycle signs are not displayed. For these, the manual dismantling procedure is considered at the design stage, and the dismantling time based on this procedure is considered. To determine the type of mark to be affixed and whether or not the mark can be affixed. At this stage, i = 0. These operations are performed by the input device 139 or the database 133
This is performed while viewing the display device 137 with three-dimensional CAD based on information input from the user.

Next, the calculation of the recycling cost is performed using a three-dimensional CA.
Processing is performed by the arithmetic storage unit 135 based on the drawing data structurally designed by the D body 138. First, the design specifications such as the material information, weight, information on hard-to-crush materials, and the content of rare metals of various mark-added parts determined in the design stages S050 and S051 were
Condition input S052 via the input device 136 or from the input device 136
Then, in step S053, the estimated value of the valuable / reverse charge for each sorted material, the standard disassembly time for each part, the unit price per time for sorting work, the product standard disassembly procedure, etc. are read from the database 132 as preset conditions. Based on these, the integrated transition of the accumulated amount of the collected parts with the lapse of the manual disassembly time is calculated S05.
4. Then, the calculation result of the valuable amount, the reverse paid amount, the dismantling time, and the total cost is displayed on the display device 134 as in the example of FIG.
The difference between when this calculation is performed for each component and when it is not performed is determined, and it is determined whether the accumulated integrated amount within a preset time has reached a target by performing S055 to determine the difference. It is determined whether or not to perform the processing. In this case, a predetermined time and an integrated amount are set in advance, which are obtained through experiments, etc., and are set to achieve profit and loss in the recycling business.

If the integrated amount of the collected parts within the set predetermined time has reached the target, a work time S056 for making the manual dismantling time faster and improving the profit and loss is examined. However, if the accumulated amount does not reach the target in S055, the flag i is changed S062, S061, and the number and quantity of hand dismantled parts are added S058; The calculation is repeated using the device 139 together. It is also possible to reconsider in S056 until the working time is at a minimum. After working on these recycling designs,
The drawing is completed S057, and a product is manufactured based on the drawing. The dismantling time to be changed is set in advance to a plurality of times, so that fluctuations such as unit price and equipment renewal can be absorbed, and a study can be made to the extent that the best expected profit and loss can be obtained.

FIG. 5 displayed on the display device 134 in this manner.
And the chart diagram shown in Fig. 10 is the elapsed time of the work of dismantling by hand on the horizontal axis, the plus and minus amounts generated from the recovered parts on the vertical axis, and the amount accumulated over time according to the plan of the dismantling procedure. It is a plot. As a result, whether the recycling rate recovered as a recycling business exceeds the standards of the law, etc., and whether the cost balance generated in this part of the processing you want to buy due to the difference between the manual dismantling work cost and the accumulated amount falls within the target Can be determined. This determination can be made on the display device, or may be a determination process in which a numerical comparison is made in the arithmetic storage device 135. By using the evaluation device as described in FIG. 12, that is, the process in which the plotted broken line shows a right-upward is a process that creates value, and the process that faces downward or sideways is a process that causes loss, so By examining the procedure for dismantling the target product by hand and the number and type of parts to be dismantled and collected while looking at Become. As a result, it is possible to easily improve the income and expenditure, that is, to obtain a higher and faster operation, and to design a product that can realize a recycling business from the investment cost and profit and loss.

In the databases 132 and 133, design drawings considered by the design department in consideration of recycling and various data fed back from the recycling business department are accumulated and read out as necessary. For example, material composition costs by parts obtained from design drawings, manual dismantling procedures from dismantling experiments, required time, or manual dismantling with different processing costs before and after the manual dismantling and mechanical crushing are separated and finally removed by hand Instructions based on the definition of the target final process are input from the design department. On the other hand, it depends on the separation yield rate for each material at the time of demolition processing, which depends on the sorting performance of the crushing equipment, etc. by the installed machines, the estimated unit price of valuable and reverse charges for each separation material, and the labor cost and equipment availability of the recycling business. The recycling unit inputs the unit price per hour for sorting work to be performed.
The input from these recycling departments is input each time it is changed in the actual movable state, and a more accurate database can be used. As described above, information on the price of the material and the like may be obtained from another department. With these systems, even if the long-term blank that the general consumer uses the product fits, or if the product type is diverse,
Moreover, even if a new design is made every year and new functions and capabilities are added to the structural materials of parts every year, the equipment and method based on the basic principle can be applied to the separation performance of dismantling, so it is low in the design department and recycling site. Environmentally friendly products can be created and recovered at cost. In other words, the parts to be dismantled by hand and the parts to be crushed by the machine are used for environmental protection by giving priority to defective parts that affect the environment, etc. The process of dismantling can be designed and collected using a chart that makes the collection amount higher and the dismantling time faster, making it possible to establish a business and give it back to consumers, helping to create a recycling-based society, and furthermore, using communication lines etc. It can be used to construct an effective database and keep this database up-to-date, so that you are free from time obsolescence and restrictions.

Next, the state of the outdoor unit 20 at the recycling site will be described. Discarded room air conditioner (S00 in FIG. 1)
1) is collected by a collector (S002 in FIG. 1),
The collection company carries it into the recycling plant (S00 in FIG. 1).
3) After that, before performing the process of the crusher, it is checked whether or not the X mark 103 such as an environmentally harmful substance or a hardly crushed material is displayed, and the marked part is manually dismantled (S004 in FIG. 1). ). Next, a flow from manual dismantling of the outdoor unit to processing by the crusher will be described. First, the service panel 8 is opened, and CFCs, which are environmentally harmful substances, are collected. Next, when the top panel 14 and the front cover 2 are opened, the items to be processed are displayed in advance on the back side so that the items to be processed can be easily recognized, and the sorting operation is performed according to the type of display (FIG. 1 (S007, S008).
The work of taking out the compressor 5 and the motor 19, which hinder the crusher when the crusher is used, is performed by destroying the fixed portion by hand.
Further, the electric component box 16 containing the environmentally harmful substance is shifted and taken out. When the electric component box 16 is taken out, a mark 103 indicating that an environmentally harmful substance is contained in the outdoor control board 17 and a mark 110 indicating that a rare metal is used are written in the microcomputer section. The outdoor board is taken out of the microcomputer by cutting only the lead wires, and then properly processed at a high cost so as not to affect the environment. The recyclable front cover 1 other than the service panel 8, the top panel 14, the front cover 2, the compressor 5, the motor 19, and the microcomputer, which is collected as valuable resources, is dismantled by hand, thereby producing a valuable amount. After the above manual disassembly process, the other components are put into a crusher, which is the final process (S005 in FIG. 1). The remaining parts of the outdoor unit after the manual disassembly process are fed into the crusher one by one. The outdoor unit crushed by the crusher can sort the material by the sorter and take out the material for each material, and the material is recycled (S006 in FIG. 1). When the outdoor unit is to be manually disassembled in a shorter time, the top panel 14 is first removed, and the front cover 2 is removed. Next, the fan cover 1 is removed and the fan motor 19 is removed. Next, electrical goods BOX
Then, the outdoor control board 17 is removed, and then the compressor 5 may be broken and removed. After the front cover, the board 1
7 and the compressor 5 may be removed first, and then the fan cover 1 and the fan motor 19 may be removed.

FIG. 15 shows the structure of the indoor unit, and FIGS. 16 and 17 show the names of the parts in more detail. The outer enclosure of the indoor unit 60 is box 21, front panel 2
2, deco cover 23, screw cap 24, corner box 2
6, formed of plastic such as air filter 27; 25 is an iron mounting plate. Recycling symbols are given to the above components except for the air filter 27. When the outer enclosure is removed, many parts inside look like Figure 17. Parts and their materials and whether or not they are valuable are marked in the table of FIG. The position and procedure of the part to be dismantled by hand are displayed on the back of the outer part to be removed first. However, as described above, information such as the disassembly procedure may be separately obtained through a recording medium or communication. As shown in FIG. 17, the nozzle 31, vane 32, vane motor 33, power cord 34, motor band 35, electric component cover 36, light receiving substrate holder 37, substrate cover 38, terminal plate cover 42, electric component box 4
3, a recycling symbol is given to the board box 44, the motor cover 45, the fan motor 48, the heat exchanger 53, the unions 54 and 56, and the copper pipes 55 and 57. In the case of an indoor unit, the front panel 22 is removed as a procedure for disassembly in a short time, and the indoor control board 39 is removed from the electric component box 43 or the inside thereof. Subsequently, the nozzle 31 and the fan motor 48
Remove.

A plastic material is used for the box 21, the front panel 22 and the like forming the outer enclosure of the room air conditioner indoor unit 60. First, it is a valuable material which is disassembled by hand and a recyclable mark 100 is marked. Have been. The front panel 22 is coated with a coating for the purpose of improving the appearance, and the normally coated plastic material cannot be recycled. Here, a recyclable thermoplastic resin is used. Painted materials are used, and the mark including the material symbol is marked to make it clear to the processing company that recycling is possible. A mark indicating that an environmentally harmful substance is contained in the control board 31, which is a lead component, and the drain hose 29, which uses vinyl chloride, is described as containing an environmentally harmful substance. Further, a mark is marked on the fan motor 48 containing a magnetic substance as a material that cannot be crushed, and the nozzle 31 is mainly made of a plastic material and is recyclable. It is composed of multiple materials, including insulation and rubber, and furthermore, affixing material is affixed. Separating only recyclable substances increases the processing cost. Process as a defective substance that cannot be applied to Further, a display is provided in the microcomputer section on the substrate 39 as containing a rare metal. By performing the manual dismantling process as described above, only those that are valuable are provided, and those that are judged to be difficult to disassemble and costly to work in the disassembly work based on the above idea will be displayed. not going. These determine the type of mark to be affixed at the design stage and whether or not the mark can be affixed. The determination as to whether or not the mark can be attached is the same as in the above-described example of the outdoor unit, and thus the description is omitted.

Next, the flow from the manual disassembly of the indoor unit of the room air conditioner to the processing by the crusher will be described. When the front panel 22 is opened, a mark 100, which is a recyclable part, is written on the front panel 22, and the front panel 22 is removed to generate a value. Other parts are also marked with manual items, such as defective parts or valuables, so that the items to be processed can be easily identified. Next, an electrical component box 43 containing an environmentally harmful substance
Take out. At this time, when the electric component box 43 is taken out, similarly to the outdoor control board 17, a mark 103 indicating that an environmentally harmful substance is contained and a mark 110 indicating that a rare metal is used in the microcomputer section are written. Have been. At this time, the indoor control board 31 takes out only the microcomputer, and thereafter is processed as an environmentally harmful substance at a high cost. After that, when it is applied to the crusher, the motor 48
Remove the work. After the above manual disassembly processing, it is put into a crusher, which is the final step (S005 in FIG. 1). The remaining units of the indoor unit after the manual disassembly process are fed into the crusher one by one. The indoor unit crushed by the crusher can sort the material by the sorter, take out the material for each material, and recycle the material (S00 in FIG. 1).
6).

As described above, parts which can be recycled in advance,
Parts that cannot be crushed, parts that contain environmentally harmful substances, rare substances, etc. are clearly indicated, the contents in the manual process are clear, and the efficiency of the recycling process can be improved. Also, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 17, the recycle mark 100 may be attached to as many parts as possible, as long as it can be dismantled by hand. However,
The actual disassembly of a complex product or many parts is desirably performed according to a designated disassembly procedure. The disassembly procedure can be displayed on the product, stored in a storage element or the like attached to the product, or displayed on the display device 143 with information obtained through communication at the recycling site. In this case, the description of the disassembly procedure takes precedence, and the parts described in the procedure are preferentially removed manually by hand, except when changed later. However,
For a product whose disassembly point is clear and the procedure is not important, for example, a small electric appliance or an air conditioner outdoor unit having few components to be removed by hand, the mark component may be removed within the set manual disassembly time range. In this case, if the time is the highest priority and the predetermined time has passed, the mark-attached parts are not removed except for the defect mark. By adopting such a collection method, the division between the hand and the machine can be kept in the time of manual dismantling, and the profit and loss can be secured. However, if the recovery equipment by mechanical crushing is insufficient or cannot be used due to a failure or the like, the restriction on manual disassembly time is removed and the accumulated amount can be increased by recovering as many mark parts as possible.

Next, the refrigerator recycling process will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 18 shows a configuration of a 4-door type refrigerator viewed from the front. The upper refrigerator compartment 200 has a rotary door 210 in which a plastic door pocket 211 is installed. Further, a plastic shelf 220 for partitioning the inside of the refrigerator compartment is fixed in the refrigerator compartment, and a cool air passage part 221 for distributing cool air is fixed to the back thereof by screws 222. The lower three rooms are storage rooms 2 with drawer doors 230.
40. A food storage case 250 is provided in the storage room 240.
Is mounted on a frame (not shown) fixed to the drawer-type door, and the case 250 is moved as the door is opened and closed. A door packing 260 is provided on the outer periphery of each door to maintain close contact with the main body when the door is closed.

FIG. 19 shows the refrigerator viewed from the back. The lower machine room 270 is connected to a horizontal compressor 273 constituting a refrigeration cycle and a heat exchanger disposed between the compressor, the outer box of the refrigerator, and each room to connect each room of the refrigerator. There is a refrigerant pipe 274 through which the refrigerant to be cooled flows. Upper electrical component B
The OX 280 has an electronic control board 281, and a microcomputer 282 at the center of the board controls the control. Recyclable components in the refrigerator having the above-described configuration include a plastic shelf 220 in the refrigerator, a door pocket 211, a food storage case 250 in a drawer-type door, and a cool air path component 221 having no sticker or the like. The parts to be dismantled by hand are made of the same kind of material, and even if another part is attached, the same plastic material is used so that the separation is not necessary. For example, a transparent and inexpensive PS (polystyrene) is used for the plastic shelf 220 and the door pocket 211 in the refrigerator, and the food storage case 25 in the drawer type door is used.
For the zero or cold air path parts 221 and the like, they are unified to PP (polypropylene), which is lightweight and resistant to impact, and are grouped as recyclable general-purpose plastics. These parts are marked with a material symbol together with the mark 100 which is a recyclable part for separation at the time of manual disassembly.

An electronic control board 281 is also included in the refrigerator as containing an environmentally harmful substance. Since the electronic control board 281 contains lead, it indicates that an environmentally harmful substance is used.
Mark 103 is marked. Further, since the compressor 273 and the door packing 260 on the outer periphery of the door contain a magnetic substance, an X mark 103 indicating that the substance cannot be put into the crusher is described. Further, a microcomputer 282 is mounted on the electronic board 281, and a mark 110 is described on this component. Large products, such as refrigerators, are time-consuming and heavy just to carry or change direction, so they are often performed by a crane or other machine, avoiding manual labor. A procedure for disassembling a large electric appliance such as Reizoko in a short time will be described. First, the machine room cover 271 on the back side is manually disassembled to remove Freon, and then the compressor 273 is taken out. Machines such as cranes can be used effectively for unloading. Next, the components on the back surface, for example, the substrate 281 may be dismantled by hand. After the back side, the front side, for example, the door is opened, the shelf 220 is taken out by hand, the door pocket is removed, and the case 250 in the drawer door is removed. Next, the door gasket 260 is removed. However, in order to disassemble the part by hand in a shorter time or more parts by changing the procedure, the gasket 260 is first removed first, and the plastic is removed from the shelf for the remaining time at the mark where the back side is manually disassembled.

The flow from manual dismantling of the refrigerator to processing by the crusher will be described. First, the machine room cover 271 at the lower back is removed. When the machine room cover is opened, a manual item list or FIG. 272 is displayed on the back of the cover in advance, so that the items to be processed can be easily understood. First of all, it collects CFCs, which are environmentally harmful substances. Similar to air conditioners, CFCs are treated by a specialized processing company after collection, so they are charged for the reverse. In other words, working costs are required to collect CFCs, and after collection, a reverse charge is added. Further, the compressor 273, which impedes the crusher when the crusher is used.
Take out. Next, the electrical goods box 280 at the top of the machine room
The electronic control board 281 containing more environmentally harmful substances is removed.
Since there is a microcomputer 282 with a mark indicating that a rare metal is used on the substrate, only the microcomputer 282 is removed, and thereafter processing is performed at a high cost so as not to adversely affect the environment.

The inside of the refrigerator on the front side is dismantled by hand. When the upper refrigerator compartment door 210 is opened, the door has a pocket 211 with a recyclable mark on the side, all of which can be lifted upward and removed. Having the same removal method is very useful for improving the efficiency of manual dismantling work. Marks that are recyclable parts are also described on the plastic shelf 220 inside the refrigerator, and all of them can be removed by pulling them forward. This removal method is shown in FIG. Door pocket 21 as shown in FIG.
1 is lifted up by hand and removed. The plastic shelf 220 in the refrigerator is also lifted up and removed. Food storage case 250
Pulls out the drawer door 230, lifts it up, and removes it. For manually dismantled parts, for example, the material is unified into PS for each part, so the same material is separated together, transported to the recycling factory specialized in plastics as the same general-purpose plastic, and treated as valuable by being recycled as recycled plastic Is done.

Next, a mark as a recyclable part is described on the cool air path part 221 at the back of the storage room.
Although this part is generally fastened by a screw 222, a notch 22 is formed around the screw part in consideration of disassembly.
3 is set in advance, so that it can be easily removed by simply tearing it off without removing the screw 222 at the time of manual disassembly. Generally, a seal member is often attached to such a cool air path component 221 to prevent the cool air from leaking.
In the case of recycling plastics, these sealants are contaminated with foreign substances and cause a great obstacle to reproduction. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the use of the recyclable mark 100 to parts without such sealants. Move to the drawer door 230. When the drawer doors 230 are opened, there are food storage cases 250 respectively. These are also marked with a recyclable mark, so lift them all up and remove. These parts are also separated together because the materials are unified into PP, and are recycled as recycled plastic like PS, and are treated as valuable. After manually dismantling the internal components, the door packing 260 laid on the outer periphery of the door is removed. The door packing 260 has a built-in plastic magnet in order to maintain the close contact when the door is closed, and is difficult to crush. In addition, the door packing itself is made of vinyl chloride, which is considered to be an environmentally harmful substance, and must be removed. . After the above manual disassembly processing, it is put into a crusher, which is the final step (S005 in FIG. 1). The refrigerator remaining part after the manual disassembly process is directly charged into the crusher one by one. The refrigerator crushed by the crusher can sort the material by the sorter and take out the material for each material, and the material is recycled (S006 in FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 21a, the recyclable mark 3 shown in FIG.
00 and the material symbol 310 are described together. In this case, it is most desirable to describe the material symbol 310 near the recyclable mark 300 for recognition. However, when the space is not good or the design is not excellent, as shown in FIG.
The method of writing 0 is also good because the recognizability is maintained. Marks and symbols described on the plastic parts can be transferred to the parts at the time of molding of the parts by engraving them in advance on a mold for molding the plastic parts. This is very economical, with no extra costs other than the cost of stamping the mold. It is preferable that the mark 300 and the symbol 310 be written in convex characters, as shown in FIG. 22, since there is an advantage that the operator notices the description by touching with a finger at the time of manual disassembly in addition to the visual recognition. . In the case of a non-transparent component, this convex character is configured to be a regular character on the component surface as shown in FIG. 22A. In the case of a transparent component, it is preferable that the component is formed on the back surface of the component as shown in FIG. As described above, the clarification of the manual dismantling process and the sorting by the material can be recognized at a glance by the simultaneous marking of the recyclable mark and the material symbol, and the efficiency of the manual dismantling process is greatly improved.

In the embodiment of the air conditioner and the refrigerator, the Mobius loop conforming to ISO14021 is used as the recyclable mark 100, but a uniquely defined mark may be used. The products to be marked can be applied not only to air conditioners and refrigerators, but also to household appliances such as washing machines and televisions, cleaners, microwave ovens, and video and small appliances. Since the size of the mark is too small to be easily recognized, it is preferable that one side of the mark is 7 mm or more. In the embodiments of the air conditioner and the refrigerator, an X mark is used as a mark indicating a component that may cause a trouble when the crusher is put into the crusher, but other marks may be used as shown in FIG. The products to be marked can be applied not only to air conditioners and refrigerators, but also to general household appliances such as washing machines and televisions. In addition to the parts described in the embodiments, television CRTs, deflection yokes, large electrolytic capacitors, etc. Is the display target.

In the embodiments of the air conditioner and the refrigerator, the X mark is used as a mark indicating that the part is made of a material which affects the environment. However, as shown in FIG. I do not care. The product to be marked can be applied not only to air conditioners and refrigerators, but also to general household appliances such as washing machines and televisions. In addition to the control board containing lead described in the embodiment, a washing machine balancer using salt water. Such batteries include, for example, batteries containing mercury and lead, and flame-resistant plastic molded parts containing a specific brominated flame retardant such as a switch box. In the embodiment of the air conditioner and the refrigerator, a mark is used as a mark indicating the presence of a rare metal, but another mark may be used as shown in FIG. The product to be marked can be applied not only to an air conditioner and a refrigerator, but also to household appliances such as a washing machine and a television. When disassembling electrical appliances by hand, it is important to first remove the cover and outer enclosure of the parts that are difficult to crush or attach environmentally harmful substances, so that they do not affect recycling. Can be processed in a shorter time. After that, since expensive parts such as rare metal-containing parts can be easily obtained, these can be processed, and subsequently, plastics can be manually disassembled in consideration of disassembly time, so that gold can be collected. Metals can be easily recovered even by mechanical crushing, so processing with machines minimizes profit and loss.

As described above, when collecting and recycling electrical appliances, parts to be removed in advance are marked and distinguished from other parts, so that the parts can be removed during manual disassembly before being crushed. In addition, the parts to be removed and the types of parts are clarified, so that it is possible to reduce processing costs and to collect parts that generate valuable value with minimum processing costs. For pre-removed parts, the cumulative change in the value of the removed parts is expressed with respect to the time required for removal, and the target parts are selected in advance in the design stage by comparing with the time work cost of the pre-removal process. As a result, the processing cost can be improved without performing extra removal work.
Parts to be removed in advance include parts that may cause problems when thrown into the crusher, and the parts are marked so that the places to be removed are clear and prevent problems with the crusher. I can do things. Parts to be removed in advance include parts made of materials that affect the environment, and those parts are marked, so that the place to be removed is clear, preventing forgetting to process environmentally harmful substances,
Environmental improvement can be improved.

The parts to be removed in advance are marked with parts having rare metals, so that the places to be removed are clear, and by collecting the rare metals, it is possible to generate valuable value. Plastic molded parts for material recycling
Since all can be removed by the same method, workability during disassembly is improved. The material of the plastic molded parts to be material-recycled is any of polypropylene, polystyrene, high-impact modified polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-phthalene-styrene copolymer. The performance is improved. The plastic molded part to be material-recycled is provided with a mark indicating that recycling is possible and a material symbol, thereby improving the purity when the recycled material is separated. Since the material symbol is displayed in the vicinity of the recyclable mark or at a position symmetrical with the recyclable mark, the efficiency of sorting the recycled materials is improved.
Since the mark and the material symbol indicating that recycling is possible are convex characters on the part, the efficiency of separating the recycled material is improved. The protruding characters of the mark and material symbol indicating that recycling is possible can be read as non-transparent parts as regular characters on the front side of the part, and as transparent characters as transparent characters on the back side of the part and from the front side of the part. It is desirable to be oriented. The disassembly work efficiency is improved by displaying or recording the target parts list of parts to be removed and the instruction diagram of the disassembly procedure at a certain location of the product or at a specific part in advance.

[0087]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering an electric appliance according to the first aspect of the invention. Or the step of displaying the sign, the step of disassembling the manually dismantled parts from the product with a tool or hand before disassembly or crushing at the time of disposal or collection after use, and the remaining products after dismantling the hand dismantled parts Crushing with a machine, and the display of the mark or code is a mark or code that can be classified into a plurality of types of valuable and costly after collection, so that disassembly is easy. Can be done at low cost.

In the method for collecting electrical appliances according to the second aspect of the present invention, the marks or codes that can be classified into a plurality of types are as follows:
Mark or sign at least one of the defective parts that damage the crushing machine, the defective parts that contain substances that interfere with the operation of the machine, and the defective parts that contain substances that adversely affect the environment. Since another mark or code is attached to either the component containing the substance or the valuable recycled component, the recycling business can be effectively performed.

In the method for recovering electrical appliances according to the third aspect of the present invention, the disassembly of the manually disassembled part with the mark or the code is performed until the designated disassembly order or the part within the designated time. Since it is dismantling, it is possible to carry out an efficient recycling business without wasteful work.

In the method for recovering an electric appliance according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the position of the manually dismantled parts, the designated dismantling order, or the dismantling time when dismantling the manually dismantled parts marked with a mark or code. Is set in advance, and the set position, order, or time can be changed by the communication means or the input means. Therefore, a flexible recycling business can be performed while monitoring the profit and loss.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering an electric appliance, wherein a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use. The steps of setting and displaying in advance, dismantling the manually dismantled parts from the product with tools or hands before disassembly or crushing at the time of disposal or collection after use, and dismantling the hand dismantled parts with the machine Crushing step, the display is read on a display device provided in the electric appliance, or read from the storage means, or the information from the outside is received and displayed by the communication means, so that it is easy to understand and simple work is possible. .

In the method for recovering electrical appliances according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, tools or hand dismantled parts which can be disassembled by hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use are set in advance. Displaying on a display device;
Disassembling a manually dismantled part from a product by a tool or a hand before disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use; and disassembling the hand dismantled part by a machine after disassembly, Since the setting of the display of the display device can be changed by the communication means or the input means, an easy-to-understand disassembling operation applicable to any cycle site is possible.

The method for recovering an electric appliance according to the present invention according to claim 7 is a method for disassembling a tool or a manually dismantled part which can be disassembled by hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use. Setting, a step of notifying the reaching of a disassembly time set before dismantling the hand dismantled parts, and a step of crushing the hand dismantled parts by a machine after disassembly. Since the set disassembly time can be changed by the communication means or the input means, it is possible to recover the electric appliance at a low cost regardless of the time difference between the design time and the disposal time.

The disassembly evaluation method of the present invention according to claim 8 comprises:
A step of setting in advance the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure; a step of setting in advance the value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts; Calculating the sum of the value of the product in accordance with the disassembly time history of sequentially disassembling the product; and calculating the sum of the value for each disassembly time history at a time earlier than the preset disassembly time. Set the type, position, quantity, or disassembly procedure of hand dismantled parts so that the total value of the disassembly time and the accumulated value for each destruction time can be equal to or greater than the target value value for a given disassembly time. A step of displaying or notifying the user that the product is to be changed, so that the products can be separated at a low cost.

The disassembly evaluation method of the present invention according to claim 9 is
A step of setting in advance the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure; a step of setting in advance the value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts; Calculating the value of the product in accordance with the disassembly time of the product; and integrating the value for each disassembly time. Or a step of determining whether it is later than the disassembly time for a predetermined value, so that a recycling business with a clear profit and loss can be performed.

The disassembly evaluation method of the present invention according to claim 10 is a method in which the disassembly time and the value are smaller than the value for the preset disassembly time or the disassembly time is later than the disassembly time for the preset value. Is
A step of allowing the type, position, quantity or disassembly procedure of the manually dismantled parts to be changed, so that the profit and loss can be improved.

The disassembly evaluation method according to the present invention according to the eleventh aspect is flexible in that the setting change can be made by the input means or the communication means and the step of displaying the disassembly time and value after the change is provided. Dismantling evaluation is possible.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the disassembly evaluation method according to the present invention is provided when the value for the disassembly time is less than the value for the preset disassembly time, or when the value for the disassembly time is later than the disassembly time for the preset value. And a step of notifying a change in the product structure such as changing the type or position or quantity of the manually dismantled parts or the dismantling procedure, whereby the profit and loss can be surely improved.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dismantling evaluation method according to the present invention, wherein a disassembling time for a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand in a product structure is set in advance, Setting the value of the component in advance, calculating the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product, and accumulating the value for each disassembly time. Since the method includes the step of displaying a value with respect to time and a cost required for a preset disassembly time, an easy-to-understand disassembly evaluation method can be obtained.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the disassembly evaluation method according to the present invention, when it is determined that the value for the disassembly time is less than the predetermined cost for the disassembly time, the type or position or quantity of the manually dismantled parts or the disassembly procedure. And a step of notifying the user of a change in the product structure, so that the profit and loss can be reliably improved.

In the electric appliance of the present invention according to the fifteenth aspect, when the used product is collected, a plurality of types of parts to be removed in advance by a tool or a hand before crushing by a machine are used in accordance with the collection process. Since a mark is added or stored in a storage means provided on the product with a different code to identify it with other components, a product that can be easily separated can be obtained.

The parts to be removed in advance of the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 16 are obtained by calculating the integrated transition of the value of the removed parts with respect to the time course for removal, and comparing with the time work cost of the preliminary removal step. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a product that can be sorted at low cost because the target part is determined.

The parts to be removed in advance of the electric appliance according to the present invention according to claim 17 may be defective parts which may cause a failure when put into a crusher, defective parts made of materials which affect the environment, or rare metals. Marks or signs that include valuable parts or plastic parts that have equal value and that are defective on defective parts, and marks or signs that are useful for valuable parts are attached, so that products with clear profit and loss of recycling can be produced. can get.

The plastic parts of the parts to be removed in advance of the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 18 can be removed by the same method such as the direction of removal, so that a product which can be separated in a short time can be obtained. .

The electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 19,
21. The material of the plastic part of the part to be removed in advance is any of polyphenylene, polystyrene, high-impact modified polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-phthalene-styrene copolymer.
Since the plastic part of the electric appliance according to the present invention is marked with a mark or code indicating that the plastic part can be recycled and the material code, the plastic can be separated in a short time.

In the electric appliance of the present invention according to the twenty-first aspect, the material symbol is described in the vicinity of the mark expressing that the material can be recycled, or is described at a position symmetrical with the mark, so that sorting can be performed quickly.

In the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 22, a mark and a material symbol indicating that recycling is possible are described with a convex or concave character on the part, and the convex or concave character is on a non-transparent part. Is written on the front side of the part as a regular letter, the transparent part is written on the front side of the part as a regular letter, or the back side of the part is oriented so that it can be read as a regular letter when viewed from the surface, so even the product after disposal can be quickly. Can be read.

In the electrical appliance according to the twenty-third aspect of the present invention, a list of parts to be removed in advance and an instruction diagram of this disassembly procedure are displayed or stored in a predetermined place of the product or in a predetermined specific part. A product that is easy to dismantle is obtained. In addition, when a cover or the like that covers the surface of the electric appliance of the present invention according to claim 24 is opened, the hard-to-crush material and the environmentally impacting substance, or the part to which the hard-to-crush material and the environmentally affecting substance are attached are exposed, Manual disassembly becomes possible. .

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, an electric appliance information system according to the present invention enables input of a structural design of an electric appliance and a plurality of types of hand parts which are a part of the structure and which can be disassembled with a tool or a hand. Design input means capable of preliminarily setting disassembled parts, storage means for previously storing material unit prices of a plurality of manually dismantled parts and disassembly time for each part, and component information of a plurality of manually disassembled parts input from the design input means And display means for displaying, based on the information stored in the storage means, the sum of the value of the parts to be manually disassembled in accordance with the time of manual disassembly of the appliance, wherein the design input means, the storage means, and the display means are provided. Since the connection is made through the communication means, a necessary work can be performed anywhere and a system in which the product can be easily recycled can be obtained.

In the electric appliance information system according to the twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, when the electric appliance is discarded, the range of parts to be disassembled by hand can be changed and the stored information can be updated. An easy-to-use system that can be used regardless of the time of design or disposal is obtained.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, in which a disassembling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand of the electric appliance is set in advance and a plurality of types of disassembly times are set. Setting value input means for setting the value of hand dismantled parts in advance, calculation means for calculating the sum of the value of multiple hand dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product, and integration of the value for each disassembly time Display means for displaying or recording the fact that dismantling is not possible at a preset dismantling time is provided, so that a device capable of clarifying the profit and loss of the recycling business can be obtained.

According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, wherein a plurality of types of hands which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of discarding or collecting the electric appliance after use. Setting means for presetting a disassembly time for manually dismantling the disassembled part, and reading from the setting means, or reading from a storage means provided in the electric appliance, or receiving information from the outside via the communication means, and a type of the dismantled part Or, display means capable of displaying the position, quantity, or disassembly procedure, and timer means for measuring the work time for disassembling a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts displayed on the display means and notifying the preset disassembly time. And dismantling can be performed at low cost.

According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, comprising: time value recording means for recording a value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts set in advance as an integrated value according to the disassembly time. Therefore, a device with a clear profit and loss balance can be obtained.

According to a thirtieth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, which includes a dismantling time recording means for recording the dismantling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts, which is effective at any time. A device is obtained.

In the electrical appliance collecting apparatus according to the present invention, the setting means, the display means, the time value recording means, or the dismantling time recording means can be set, displayed, or recorded remotely via a communication system.
Gain profit and loss wherever you dismantle.

According to a thirty-second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dismantling evaluation apparatus according to the present invention, which sets in advance the dismantling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled with a tool or a hand of a product structure, and a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts. Setting value input means for presetting the value of the product, calculating means for calculating the sum of the value of a plurality of manually dismantled parts according to the time of disassembly of the product, and integrating the value for each time of disassembly. Since the display means for displaying the relationship between the value with respect to time and the cost with respect to the preset disassembly time is provided, the profit and loss evaluation of recycling is simplified.

The dismantling evaluation apparatus of the present invention according to the thirty-third aspect of the present invention is a design for changing the drawing of the product so as to change the setting or the type or the number of the manually dismantled parts or the disassembling procedure when the cost for the dismantling time is larger than the value. With the input means, the disposal cost can be reduced at the time of design.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a recycling method according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of mark display according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of mark display according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of profit and loss of a recycling activity according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows dismantling time and recycling rate according to an example of the present invention.
Diagram of the relationship between dismantling costs.

FIG. 6 shows the dismantling time and the recycling rate according to an example of the present invention.
Diagram of the relationship between dismantling costs.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a waste product recovery system according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of manual disassembly according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a manual disassembly processing calculation display device according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an improvement effect of a valuable / reverse paid integrated amount according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a manual disassembly evaluation according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a recycling information processing according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram of a room air conditioner outdoor unit according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a room air conditioner outdoor unit according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram of a room air conditioner indoor unit according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a room air conditioner indoor unit component according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a room air conditioner indoor unit component according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a front view of a refrigerator component configuration according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a rear view of a refrigerator component configuration according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of refrigerator component removal according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a recyclable mark display according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a recyclable mark display according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a conventional recycling method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fan cover, 2 Front cover, 3 Base, 4 Separator, 5 Compressor, 6, 7 Stop valve, 8 Service panel, 9 Back panel, 10 Pipe assembly, 11 Four-way valve, 12 Capacitor net, 13 Motor support, 14
Top panel, 15 heat exchanger, 16 outdoor electric box, 17 outdoor control board, 18 blower,
19 motors, 20 outdoor units, 21 boxes,
22 front panel, 23 deco cover, 24 screw cap, 25 installation plate, 26 corner box, 27 air filter, 28 bearing mount, 29 drain hose, 30 drain cap,
31 nozzles, 32 vanes, 33 vane motors, 34 power cords, 35 motor bands,
36 Electrical cover, 37 Light receiving board holder, 3
8 board cover, 39 indoor control board, 40 terminal board, 41 temperature fuse, 42 terminal board cover,
43 electrical goods box, 44 board box, 45
Motor cover, 46 room temperature thermistor, 47 rubber mount, 48 fan motor, 49 tube temperature thermistor, 50 line flow fan, 51 bearing, 52 indoor electric wiring diagram, 53 heat exchanger,
54 Union, 55 Copper Pipe, 56 Union, 57 Copper Pipe, 58 Pipe Cover, 60
Indoor unit, 100 Recyclable mark, 101
Material symbol mark, 103 x mark, 110 ☆
Mark, 120 material price research company, 121 display device, 122 personal computer body, 123 input device,
124 communication device, 125 communication station, 126 communication antenna, 130 appliance mother factory, 131 communication device, 132, 133 database, 134
Display device, 135 arithmetic storage device, 136 input device, 137 display device, 138 three-dimensional CAD device,
139 Design input device, 140 Waste product recovery plant,
141 crushing equipment, 142 waste products, 143 display device, 144 personal computer body, 145 input device,
146 communication device, 147 storage medium, 148 reading device, 160 drawing output device, 161 communication cable, 200 refrigerator compartment, 210 revolving door, 211
Door pocket, 220 plastic shelves, 221
Refrigerated air duct parts, 222 screws, 223 cuts,
230 pull-out door, 240 storage room, 250
Food storage case, 260 Door packing, 270 machine room, 271 Machine room cover, 272 Hand disassembly list, 273 Compressor, 274 Refrigerant piping, 28
0 Electrical goods box, 281 Electronic control board, 282
Microcomputer, 300 recyclable mark, 31
0 Material symbol.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B29K 25:00 B09B 5/00 ZABM 55:02 C (72) Inventor Hideaki Nagatomo 2-Chome Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 2-3 No.3 Mitsubishi Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuhiro Ishida, Inventor 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 2-3-2 Mitsui Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Koichi Nakagawa 2-2-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 3 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation F-term (reference) 4D004 AA22 CA02 CA08 CA12 DA16 4F301 AA12 AA15 BA21 BF02 BF08 BF29 BF31 BF40

Claims (33)

[Claims] A step of displaying a mark or a code on a tool or a manually disassembled part that can be disassembled by hand without disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use; Disassembling the manually dismantled part from the product with a tool or a hand before disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of collection; and A method of recovering an electric appliance, wherein the mark or code is displayed as a mark or code that can be classified into a plurality of types that are valuable after collection and those that require cost. 2. A mark or code that can be classified into a plurality of types includes a defective part that damages a crushing machine, a defective part that includes a substance that hinders the operation of the machine, and a defective part that includes a substance that adversely affects the environment. 2. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein a mark or a code is attached to at least one of the components, and another mark or a code is attached to one of a part containing a substance having a recovery value and a recycled part that is valuable. Collection method. 3. The disassembly of a manually disassembled part on which a mark or a code is displayed is a disassembly of a part up to a designated disassembly order or a part within a designated time. The method for collecting the described electrical appliances. 4. The position of the manually dismantled parts, the designated dismantling order, or the dismantling time when dismantling the manually dismantled parts indicated by the mark or the sign are set in advance and set. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the setting of the position, the order or the time can be changed by communication means or input means. 5. A step of previously setting and displaying a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use; Disassembling the manually dismantled parts from the product with a tool or a hand before disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of collection; and disassembling the hand dismantled parts by a machine after disassembly. A method of recovering an electric appliance, comprising reading information from a display device provided in the electric appliance or from a storage means, or receiving and displaying information from the outside by a communication means, and displaying the information. 6. A step of displaying a tool or a manually dismantled part that can be disassembled by hand without disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use, on a preset display device; Disassembling the manually dismantled parts from the product with a tool or a hand before disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of collecting, and disassembling the hand dismantled parts by a machine after disassembly; The method for collecting an electric appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the setting of (1) can be changed by communication means or input means. 7. A step of setting a time for disassembling a manually dismantled part which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without being disassembled or crushed by a machine at the time of disposal or collection after use; And a step of notifying the arrival of the dismantling time set beforehand before dismantling, and a step of crushing the dismantled parts by a machine after dismantling, wherein the set dismantling time is communicated or input means. A method for collecting electrical appliances, wherein the setting can be changed by the user. 8. A step of presetting the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled with a tool or a hand in a structure of a product, and a step of presetting the value of the plurality of types of manually dismantled parts. Calculating the sum of the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time history of sequentially disassembling the product; and calculating the sum of the value for each of the disassembly time history before a predetermined disassembly time. The type of hand dismantled parts so that the predetermined value is reached early in the time, or the sum of the value for each disassembly time is greater than or equal to the target value in the predetermined disassembly time. Or displaying or notifying that the position, quantity, or disassembly procedure is changed. 9. A step of setting in advance the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled by an internal tool or a hand of a product structure, and a step of previously setting a value of the plurality of types of manually dismantled parts. Calculating the sum of the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product; and accumulating the value for each disassembly time, and the disassembly time and the value are set in advance. Determining whether the value is less than the value for the dismantling time or later than the disassembling time for the preset value. 10. If the disassembly time and the value are less than the value for the preset disassembly time, or are later than the disassembly time for the preset value, the type, position or quantity of the hand dismantled parts. 10. The disassembly evaluation method according to claim 9, further comprising the step of enabling a setting change of a disassembly procedure. 11. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a step of changing the setting by input means or communication means, and displaying the disassembly time and value after the change.
Or the disassembly evaluation method according to 10. 12. If the value for the disassembly time is smaller than the value for the preset disassembly time, or if it is later than the disassembly time for the preset value, the type, position or quantity of the hand dismantled parts. Or notifying a change in the product structure so as to change the disassembly procedure.
Disassembly evaluation method described. 13. A step of setting in advance the disassembly time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled with a tool or a hand in a product structure, and a step of previously setting the value of the plurality of types of manually dismantled parts. Calculating the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product; and accumulating the value for each disassembly time, and setting a value for the accumulated disassembly time in advance. Displaying a cost required for the disassembly time that has been set. 14. When the value for the disassembly time is determined to be less than the predetermined cost for the disassembly time, a change in the product structure is notified to change the type or position or quantity of the manually dismantled parts or the disassembly procedure. 14. The disassembly evaluation method according to claim 13, comprising: 15. A storage means provided with a plurality of types of marks or provided on a product in accordance with a recovery process, in collecting a product after use in a tool or a part to be removed in advance by hand before crushing by a machine. An electric appliance characterized by being stored with a different code in the name and being distinguished from other parts. 16. A part to be removed in advance is determined by calculating an integrated transition of the value of the removed part with respect to the time course of the removal and comparing it with the time work cost of the preliminary removal step. The appliance according to claim 15, characterized in that: 17. The part to be removed in advance may be a defective part that may cause a failure when thrown into a crusher, a defective part made of a material that affects the environment, a valuable part having a rare metal, or an equivalent valuable part. 2. A mark or code that includes a plastic component and is defective on a defective component, and a mark or code that is useful on a valuable component is attached.
The electric appliance according to 5 or 16. 18. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the plastic parts of the parts to be removed in advance can be removed in the same manner, such as the direction of removal. 19. The material of a plastic part among the parts to be removed in advance is any one of polyphenylene, polystyrene, high-impact modified polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-phthalene-styrene copolymer. The appliance of at least one of the eighteenth aspects. 20. A plastic part of a part to be removed in advance, in which a mark or a code indicating that recycling is possible and a material symbol are written together.
An appliance according to at least one of 5 to 18. 21. The electric appliance according to claim 20, wherein the material symbol is described in the vicinity of a mark expressing that recycling is possible or at a position symmetrical with the mark. 22. A mark and a material symbol indicating that recycling is possible are described in a convex or concave character for the part, and the convex or concave character is a non-transparent part in a regular character on the surface side of the part. 22. The electric appliance according to claim 20, wherein the transparent component has a front surface side of the component and a back side of the component has an orientation that can be read as a normal character when viewed from the surface. 23. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein a list of parts to be removed in advance or an instruction diagram of a procedure for disassembling by hand is displayed or stored in a predetermined place of the product or in a predetermined specific part. 23. The appliance of at least one of the claims 22. 24. The method according to claim 15, wherein when a cover or the like covering the surface of the product is opened, the hard-to-crush material and the environment-affecting substance, or the parts to which the hard-to-crush material and the environmental-having material are attached are exposed. An appliance according to at least one of the preceding claims. 25. Design input means for enabling input of a structural design of an electric appliance and for setting in advance a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which are part of the structure and which can be disassembled with a tool or a hand. A storage unit for storing in advance the unit price of materials and disassembly time for each of a plurality of manually dismantled parts, and information stored in the storage unit and component information of a plurality of manually disassembled parts input from the design input unit. Display means for displaying the sum of the value of the parts to be disassembled by hand in accordance with the time of manual disassembly of the electric appliance, wherein the design input means, the storage means, and the display means are connected via communication means. An information system for electrical appliances, characterized in that: 26. The electric appliance information according to claim 25, wherein when disposing of the electric appliance, the range of parts to be disassembled can be changed by hand and the stored information can be updated. system. 27. A set value for presetting the dismantling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts that can be disassembled by an internal tool or a hand of the structure of an electric appliance, and setting in advance the value of the plurality of types of manually dismantled parts. Input means, calculating means for calculating the sum of the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product, and disassembly of the value for each disassembly time in a predetermined disassembly time. A display device for displaying or recording the fact that it cannot be performed, and a display means for notifying the user of the fact that the product cannot be collected. 28. A setting for presetting a dismantling time for manually disassembling a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled by a tool or a hand without disassembling or crushing by a machine at the time of discarding or recovering the electric appliance after use. Means and means for reading from the setting means, reading from the storage means provided in the appliance, or receiving information from the outside via the communication means and displaying the type or position or quantity or the disassembly procedure of the manually dismantled parts. And a timer means for measuring a work time for disassembling the plurality of types of hand dismantled parts displayed on the display means and for notifying a preset disassembly time time. Appliance recovery equipment. 29. The electrification device according to claim 27, further comprising: time value recording means for recording the value of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts set in advance as an integrated amount according to the disassembly time. Product collection device. 30. The appliance recovery apparatus according to claim 27, further comprising: a dismantling time recording means for recording a dismantling time of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts set in advance. 31. The setting means, the display means, the time value recording means, or the dismantling time recording means can be set, displayed, or recorded remotely via a communication system. An electrical appliance recovery device as described. 32. A set value input for presetting disassembly times of a plurality of types of manually dismantled parts which can be disassembled with a tool or a hand in a product structure and preliminarily setting a value of the plurality of types of manually dismantled parts. Means, calculating means for calculating the value of the plurality of manually dismantled parts in accordance with the disassembly time of the product, and accumulating the value for each disassembly time. Display means for displaying the relationship between the set dismantling time and the cost. 33. Design input means for changing a drawing of a product so as to change the setting or the type or quantity of a manually dismantled part or the dismantling procedure when the cost for dismantling time is greater than the value. 33. The disassembly evaluation device according to claim 32, wherein: