JP2001319037A - Service providing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide appropriate service to a customer in a service providing method for providing various services to previously registered members. SOLUTION: Authentication information is previously given to a previously registered portable terminal and obtained from the portable terminal when the customer visits a store to obtain customer information corresponding to the authentication information, thereby providing a service for the customer according to the customer information.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a service providing method, and more particularly, to a service providing method for providing various services to members registered in advance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In restaurants and the like, various services are developed for attracting customers. For example, issuing a coupon ticket, providing services such as discounting food and drink to customers who came with the coupon ticket, or issuing a point card and granting points according to payment at the time of accounting There are also services such as discounts according to points.

Further, in recent years, with the spread of mobile phones, a service has also emerged in which a coupon can be obtained as a mobile phone screen by accessing services such as i-mode by mobile phones such as NTT DoCoMo. I have.

[0004]

However, at present, coupons and point cards used in this type of conventional service providing method are provided for each store.
It only played a role as a mere customer attractor. For this reason, there was a problem that sufficient services could not be provided to regular customers and the like.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide a service providing method capable of providing an accurate service to a customer.

[0006]

According to the present invention, authentication information is given to a mobile terminal registered in advance, and the authentication information is obtained from the mobile terminal when visiting a store, and the authentication information is handled. Obtaining customer information and providing a service to the customer based on the customer information;

According to the present invention, by displaying customer information at a store in accordance with authentication information, it is possible to provide an accurate service according to the customer.

Further, according to the present invention, the authentication information is an image pattern displayed on a display screen of the portable terminal.

According to the present invention, handling the authentication information becomes easy by using the authentication information as an image pattern.

Further, according to the present invention, authentication information is obtained by performing communication between a portable terminal and a management means. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a coupon, a card, etc. become unnecessary, and the labor and cost of issuing a coupon, a card, etc. can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, the registration information is statistically processed, and the result of the statistical processing is transmitted to the store terminal. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, various services can be implemented effectively based on the statistical processing result.

Further, the present invention transmits a questionnaire to a portable terminal, statistically processes a response from the portable terminal, creates marketing information, and transmits the created marketing information to a store terminal. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a questionnaire can be easily performed to a registrant, and by transmitting the result to a store terminal, each store can effectively perform various services according to the result of the questionnaire. Can be.

Further, according to the present invention, an e-mail indicating information of a store is transmitted to a portable terminal.

According to the present invention, the registrant can be easily informed of services at each store.

[0015]

FIG. 1 shows a system configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

The system 1 for realizing the customer information management method of this embodiment includes a management server 2, a store terminal device 3-1.
-N, mobile terminal devices 4-1 to 4-m, an i-mode center 5, a mobile phone network 6, and a network 7.

The management server 2 is connected to the store terminal device 3 via the network 7 and performs store and customer management. Each of the store terminal devices 3-1 to 3-n is, for example, a notebook personal computer having a built-in image reading device, and collects information of a visitor from the management server 2. The mobile terminal devices 4-1 to 4-m are ordinary mobile phones.
When registering for this service, the mobile terminal devices 4-1 to 4-
A two-dimensional barcode is assigned to m. The registrant is recognized by the bar code on the mobile phone at the store, and information such as the name, age, rank, and number of points of the visitor is transmitted to the store.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the management server according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The management server 2 includes a communication control unit 11, a data processing unit 12, a store database 13, a registrant database 14, a barcode database 15, an input device 16,
It comprises a display device 17. The communication control unit 11 is connected to the network 7 and controls communication with the network 7.

The data processing section 12 is controlled by the communication control section 11 to store terminals 3-1 to 3-n or portable terminal 4-1.
Various processings are executed based on requests from .about.4-m.

The store database 13 stores information on stores registered as members. The registrant database 14 stores information of users registered in advance. The barcode database 15 has registered therein barcode patterns for identifying users.

Here, the store database 13 will be described in detail.

FIG. 3 shows a data configuration diagram of a store database according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The store database 13 stores the member number information 2
1, name information 22, address information 23, type information 24, telephone number information 25, access information 26, business hours information 27,
It is composed of introduction information 28. The member number information 21 is information of a number set in advance for each store registered as a member. The name information 22 is information on the name of the store. The address information 23 is information on the address of the location of the store. The type information 24 is information for identifying the type of the store. For example, information is "Italian" for an Italian restaurant and "French" for a French restaurant.

The telephone number information 25 is information on the telephone number of the store. The access information 26 is information for accessing a store. The access information 26 includes information on the nearest station and the time therefrom. For example, it is information such as "Ebisu Station 3 minutes". The access information 26 may include map information.

The business hours information 27 is information such as business hours of a store and holidays. The introduction information 28 is information such as an introduction sentence of the store. For example, it is composed of information such as information on products handled at stores and information on services.

Next, the registrant database 14 will be described in detail.

FIG. 4 shows a data configuration diagram of the registrant database according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The registrant database 14 includes registration ID information 31, name information 32, address information 33, and date of birth information 3.
4. Age information 35, visit frequency information 36, point information 3
7 is comprised.

The registration ID information 31 is information on an ID number given to a registrant at the time of registration. The name information 32 is information on the name of the registrant. The address information 33 is information on the address of the place where the registrant lives. The date of birth information 34 is information indicating the date of birth of the registrant. The age information 35 is information on the age of the registrant. The visit frequency information 36 is information indicating the number of visits to the member store by the registrant, and is stored for each store. The point information 37 is information given to the registrant, and is added according to the payment amount. Point information 3
7 is composed of points for each store and their total points.

The management server 2 stores the store database 1
3. Based on the registrant database 14 and the barcode database 15, the following processing is executed.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a store terminal device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a block configuration diagram of a store terminal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, one of the store terminal devices 3-1 to 3-n includes an image reading device 41, a data processing unit 43, a communication control unit 43, and a storage device. 44, an input device 45, and a display device 46.
The image reading device 41 is, for example, a CCD (Charge Coupled).
Device) consists of a camera, reads images and converts them into electrical signals. The image reading device 41 is a portable terminal device 4
The two-dimensional barcode pattern displayed on the display screen of one of the portable terminal devices 4-i among -1 to 4-m is read. The image information read by the image reading device 41 is supplied to the data processing unit 43.

The data processing section 42 identifies the registrant code from the image information of the two-dimensional bar code pattern from the image reading device 41. The data processing unit 42 includes the communication control device 4
3, connected to a storage device 44, an input device 45, and a display device 46. The communication control device 43 communicates with the management server 2 via the network 7.

The storage device 44 is composed of a hard disk drive or the like, and stores programs and data to be processed by the data processing unit 42. The input device 45 includes a keyboard 45a and a pointing device 45b, and is used for inputting commands, data, and the like for executing a program. The display device 46 is an LCD
(Liquid Crystal Device), and displays information on the visitor transmitted from the management server 2.

Next, the portable terminal device 4-i will be described.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a portable terminal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The portable terminal device 4-i comprises a so-called portable telephone. The mobile terminal device 4-i includes a device body 5
1, an operation key 52, a display device 53, a microphone 54, a speaker 55, and an antenna 56 are integrally incorporated. The mobile terminal device 4-i includes, for example, an i-mode compatible mobile phone of NTT DoCoMo, and is accessed to the management server 2 via the mobile phone line network 6, the i-mode center 5, and the network 7.

Next, the operation of the system 1 of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the present invention.

The processing of the system 1 includes an ID registration processing S1,
It comprises registrant information acquisition processing S2, service provision processing S3, and point reference processing S4. ID registration processing S1
Is a process for the user to register in the system 1 of the present embodiment. The registrant information acquisition process S2 is a process performed when a user enters a member store. The service providing process S3 is a process for the user to enjoy the service. The point reference process S4 is a process for referring to the points acquired by the user.

First, the ID registration processing S1 will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a transition of a screen displayed on the portable terminal device in the ID registration processing according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The ID registration process S1 includes steps S1-1 to S1-1.
S1-4.

Step S1-1 is a process in which the user makes a registration application. The user accesses the management server 2 using his / her own portable terminal device 4-i and makes a registration request. At this time, the registration screen shown in FIG. 9A is first displayed on the portable terminal device 4-i. FIG. 9 (A)
In the registration screen shown in the above, the user "YES", that is,
When the user indicates the intention to register, a registration information input screen shown in FIG. 9B is displayed. The user can see FIG. 9 (B)
Enter your name, address, phone number,
Enter information such as your date of birth and click the submit button. When the transmission button is clicked by the user, the registration information is transmitted to the management server 2.

When a registration request is made from the portable terminal device 4-i to the management server 2, the management server 2 proceeds to step S1-
The ID is issued in step 2. At this time, the management server 2
With reference to the barcode database 15, an unused code is searched, the searched code is registered as a used code, and a two-dimensional barcode pattern is issued in step S1-2. The two-dimensional barcode pattern issued in step S1-2 is transmitted to the portable terminal device 4-i in step S1-3.

The portable terminal device 4-i performs step S1-4.
Then, a two-dimensional barcode is received from the management server 2. When the portable terminal device 4-i receives the two-dimensional barcode in step S1-4, the registration completion screen shown in FIG. 9C is displayed. In the menu, a two-dimensional barcode screen as shown in FIG. 9D is registered. When the user enters the member store, the user enters 2 shown in FIG.
Various services can be received by displaying the dimensional barcode screen.

Next, the registrant information acquisition processing S2 will be described in detail.

The registrant information acquisition process S2 is executed when entering a member store. When entering the member store, the user displays the two-dimensional barcode screen registered in step S1 on his / her portable terminal device 4-i in step S2-1. Note that the two-dimensional barcode is stored in the portable terminal device 4-i.
May be stored in advance, but each time the pattern is used, the management server 2 transmits a pattern, and the portable terminal device 4-
i may be displayed.

The store clerk makes the display screen of the portable terminal device 4-i face the image reading device 41 of the store terminal device 3-i,
Perform a predetermined operation. In step S2-2, the store terminal device 3-i is operated by the user, and the portable terminal device 4-i is operated.
Read the two-dimensional barcode displayed on i. The mobile terminal device 4-i converts the read two-dimensional barcode into a numerical value and transmits it to the management server 2.

When receiving the code from the portable terminal device 4-i, the management server 2 refers to the registrant database 14 in step S2-3 to search for the user of the received code.
Read the registration information of the corresponding user. The read user registration information is stored in the store terminal device 3 in step S2-4.
-I.

The store terminal device 3-i performs the processing in step S2-5.
When the registration information is received from the management server 2 in step (2), the received registration information is displayed on the display device 46.

FIG. 10 shows a visitor information screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The store terminal device 3-i displays information such as a registration ID number, a name, an age, the number of visits, the number of our points, the total number of points, and the rank as shown in FIG.

The store clerk recognizes the visitor by referring to the visitor information screen shown in FIG. 10, and performs an appropriate entertainment and service for the visitor. At this time, the clerk executes the service according to the rank information displayed on the visitor information screen. The rank information includes four ranks of A, B, C, and D.

Here, the rank information will be described in detail.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the customer rank according to one embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 11, rank A is a word-of-mouth customer, rank B
Is a fixed customer, rank C is a quasi-fixed customer, and rank D is a flowing customer. It can be said that customers of ranks A and B support customers with stable profits. Therefore, the clerk refers to the rank information on the visitor information screen, and as a result, rank A,
For the store B visitor, a service that expects further establishment is provided. In addition, a service is provided to encourage a visitor of ranks C and D to return to the store.

Next, the service providing process S3 will be described in detail.

The service providing process S3 is performed in step S3-
1 to S3-10.

Step S3-1 is a step in which the user requests accounting. When a transaction is requested by the user in step S3-1, the clerk obtains the number of points from the registrant information of the user in step S3-5, for example, by inputting a table number or the like into the store terminal device 3-i. In step S3-6, the discount according to the number of points is executed, and the discount amount is presented to the user.

At this time, the clerk reads the two-dimensional bar code from the portable terminal device 4-i of the user by using the store terminal device 3-i in step S3-2, thereby completing the step S3-2.
In 3-3 to S3-4, the number of points of the user may be notified from the registrant database 14 of the management server 2, and the discount may be performed.

After presenting the discounted amount in step S3-6 and receiving payment from the user in step S3-7, the clerk operates the store terminal device 3-i in step S3-8 to perform a payment process. The store terminal device 3-i performs step S
When the deposit processing is performed in 3-8, the deposit amount or the number of points is notified to the management server 2 in step S3-9.

When the management server 2 is notified of the deposit amount or the number of points from the store terminal device 3-i, the management server 2 proceeds to step S3-
The registrant database 14 is updated based on the deposit amount or the number of points notified at 10.

Next, the point reference processing S4 will be described.

The point reference process S4 is performed in step S4-
1 to S4-4. Step S4-1 is a step of requesting the management server 2 for a point inquiry from the user's portable terminal device 4-i. Step S4-1
When the mobile terminal device 4-i requests the management server 2 to make a point inquiry, the management server 2 refers to the registrant database 13 in step S4-2, and stores the points acquired in step S4-3 in the mobile terminal. Notify the device 4-i. The mobile terminal device 4-i displays the points notified from the management server 2. The user can confirm the number of points obtained by looking at the points displayed on the display device 46 of the portable terminal device 4-i.

According to the present embodiment, the portable terminal devices 4-1 to 4-1
By using 4-n, the store does not need to issue coupons, service cards, and the like. In addition, since registration can be performed from the mobile terminal device 4-i to the management server 2 via a network via communication, an ID can be issued immediately. Further, since points and the like are managed by the management server 2 and can be used if the portable terminal device 4-i is provided, unlike a coupon or a service card, the points are not lost.

Further, the display can be performed by a simple operation of the portable terminal device 4-i. In addition, by storing the two-dimensional barcode in the portable terminal device 4-i in advance, authentication can be performed even in a place where communication is poor.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the portable terminal device 4
-I makes it easier to conduct questionnaires and direct mail.

FIG. 12 shows a questionnaire screen according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 shows a questionnaire result screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

A questionnaire screen as shown in FIG. 12 is transmitted from the management server 2 to the user's portable terminal device 4-i. The user inputs an answer to the portable terminal device 4-i and sends it to the management server 2.

The management server 2 receives the response from the user's portable terminal device 4-i and creates, for example, a questionnaire result screen as shown in FIG. The questionnaire screen shown in FIG. 13 is a store terminal device 3-1 to 3-n of a member store.
Sent to. As a result, each store can develop services based on the results of the questionnaire, and can effectively attract customers.

At this time, for the user who has transmitted the answer to the questionnaire, a process such as adding points as a reward may be performed. Since processing such as addition of points can be performed in the management server 2,
It can be done with very simple processing.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, a questionnaire can be efficiently implemented.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a direct mail screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

A direct mail screen as shown in FIG. 14 is transmitted from the management server 2 to the user's portable terminal 4-i. By doing so, the store can perform PR of the store very easily. In addition, by accessing the management server 2, cancellation of direct mail can be easily performed.

In the present embodiment, a case has been described in which a two-dimensional barcode is given a different code for each registrant. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be used for authentication.

FIG. 15 shows a flowchart of another embodiment of the present invention. Note that the configuration, service providing processing, point reference processing, and the like of the present embodiment are the same as those in FIGS.

First, the registration processing S11 of the present embodiment will be described.

The registration process S11 includes steps S11-1 to S11-1.
It is composed of S11-10. Step S11-1 is:
This is a step in which the registrant accesses the management server 2 from the portable terminal device 4-i and makes a registration application. Step S11-2 is a step in which the management server 2 issues an ID and a password in accordance with a registration application from the mobile terminal device 4-i. Step S11-3 is a step in which the management server 2 notifies the portable terminal device 4-i of the ID and the password. Step S11-4 is the mobile terminal device 4
-I is a step of receiving an ID and a password from the management server 2. Next, the registrant acquires a barcode using the ID and password acquired in step S11-4. Step S11-5 is a step in which the portable terminal device 4-i issues a barcode transmission request to the management server 2. Step S11-6 is a step in which the management server 2 notifies an ID and password input request in response to a request from the portable terminal device 4-i. Step S11-7 is a step in which the ID and password are input to the mobile terminal device 4-i in response to the ID and password input request from the management server 2. Step S11-8 is performed in the portable terminal device 4
-I is a step of transmitting the ID and the password to the management server 2.

Step S11-9 is a step in which the management server 2 authenticates the ID and password from the portable terminal device 4-i. The management server 2 determines in step S11-9
When the ID and password are approved, the process proceeds to step S11-
At 10, the bar code is transmitted to the portable terminal device 4-i. The portable terminal device 4-i receives and stores the barcode from the management server 2 in step S11-11. The bar code has the same pattern for all registrants. Note that the barcode pattern may be made different depending on the customer layer and the like.

Thus, the registration is completed.

Next, the entry processing S12 will be described.

The entry processing S12 is performed in step S12-1.
To S12-8.

When the registrant enters the store, the registrant causes the portable terminal device 4-i to display the barcode received and stored in step S11-11 in step S11-11. Step S12-1 is a step of displaying a barcode on the portable terminal device 4-i. Step S12-2 is a step in which the barcode displayed on the portable terminal device 4-i is read by the image reading device 41 of the store terminal device 3-i. Step S1
Step 2-3 is a step of authenticating the barcode with the shop terminal device 3-i. When the barcode is approved in step S12-3, the shop terminal device 3-i executes step S12-
At 4, an ID and password input request screen is displayed. Step S12-5 is a step in which the registrant inputs the ID and the password to the shop terminal device 3-i. Step S12-6 is a process in which the management server 2
Is a step of transmitting an ID and a password to the server. Step S12-7 is a step of referring to the registrant database when the ID and password are authenticated by the management server 2. After authenticating the ID and the password, the management server 2 searches the corresponding registrant database to detect the registrant's customer rank. Step S12-8 is a step of notifying the store terminal device 3-i of the detected customer rank. Step S12-9 is a step of controlling the display according to the customer rank notified from the management server 2 to the store terminal device 3-i.

FIG. 16 shows a display screen at the time of authentication of a store terminal device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The store terminal device 3-i displays the service contents as shown in FIG. The registrant is shown in FIG.
The specific service contents can be grasped by the display. The display screen 60 shown in FIG. 16 is displayed in different colors according to the customer rank. The clerk can know the customer rank by looking at the color tone of the display screen.

When the clerk wants to know the detailed information of the customer, he can obtain more detailed information by clicking the operation button 61 shown in FIG. In addition,
To see more detailed information,
Billing is performed.

If the bar code is not authenticated in step S12-3, or if an incorrect
D. If a password is entered, a screen prompting registration is displayed.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a display screen of a store terminal device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

If the barcode, ID, and password are not authenticated by the store terminal device 3-i or the management server 2, a screen prompting registration is displayed as shown in FIG.

According to this embodiment, it is not necessary to simplify the barcode by the number of registrants, so that the handling of the barcode is facilitated.

In the above two embodiments, a two-dimensional bar code is displayed on the portable terminal device 4-i,
Although the authentication is performed, the authentication is not limited to the two-dimensional barcode, and the authentication may be performed using characters, images, or the like. Also, the authentication information is not limited to the image pattern.

In the present embodiment, the two-dimensional barcode is obtained from the barcode database 15 of the management server 2. However, the two-dimensional barcode may be obtained separately from a company that specializes in managing the two-dimensional barcode. Good.

Further, in the present embodiment, the operation has been described by taking the portable terminal device 4-i compatible with the i-mode as an example. Needless to say,

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0096]

As described above, according to the present invention, by displaying customer information at a store in accordance with authentication information, it is possible to provide an accurate service according to the customer.
It has features such as improvement of service quality.

Further, according to the present invention, coupons and cards are not required, so that labor and cost for issuing coupons and cards can be reduced, and services can be provided efficiently.

Further, according to the present invention, various services can be effectively implemented based on the statistical processing results.
It has features such as being able to provide services efficiently.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily conduct a questionnaire to the registrant, and by transmitting the result to the store terminal, each store can effectively perform various surveys in accordance with the result of the questionnaire. It has features such as being able to carry out services.

Further, according to the present invention, there is a feature that the registrant can easily be informed of services at each store and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic system configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a management server according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a data configuration diagram of a store database according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a data configuration diagram of a registrant database according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a store terminal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a store terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a portable terminal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a transition of a screen displayed on the portable terminal device in the ID registration process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a visitor information screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a customer rank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a questionnaire screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a questionnaire result screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a direct mail screen according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a display screen at the time of authentication of a store terminal device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a display screen of a store terminal device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 system 2 management server 3-1 to 3-n, 3-i store terminal device 4-1 to 4-m, 4-i mobile terminal device 5 i-mode center 6 mobile telephone network 7 network 11 communication control unit 12 data Processing unit 13 Store database 14 Registrant database 15 Barcode database 16 Input device 17 Display device 41 Image reading device 42 Data processing unit 43 Communication control unit 44 Storage device 45 Input device 46 Display device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G06F 15/00 ZEC G06F 15/00 ZEC 330 330B G07F 17/40 G07F 17/40

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method in which authentication information is given to a mobile terminal registered in advance, the authentication information is obtained from the mobile terminal when visiting a store, and customer information corresponding to the authentication information is obtained. A service providing method for providing a service to a customer based on information. 2. The service providing method according to claim 1, wherein the authentication information is an image pattern displayed on a display screen of the mobile terminal. 3. The service providing method according to claim 1, wherein the authentication information is provided to the mobile terminal in response to a registration request from the mobile terminal. 4. The service providing method according to claim 1, wherein statistical processing is performed based on the customer information, and a service is provided based on a result of the statistical processing. 5. The service providing method according to claim 1, wherein a questionnaire is transmitted to the mobile terminal, a response from the mobile terminal is statistically processed, and marketing information is created. . 6. The service providing method according to claim 1, wherein store information is transmitted to the portable terminal. 7. A method of performing first authentication based on an image pattern displayed on a display screen of the portable terminal, and performing second authentication according to an authentication number registered in advance according to the first authentication result. Claims 1 to 6
The service providing method according to any one of the above.