EP2439813A1 - Decoy for protecting objects - Google Patents

Decoy for protecting objects Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2439813A1
EP2439813A1 EP11007389A EP11007389A EP2439813A1 EP 2439813 A1 EP2439813 A1 EP 2439813A1 EP 11007389 A EP11007389 A EP 11007389A EP 11007389 A EP11007389 A EP 11007389A EP 2439813 A1 EP2439813 A1 EP 2439813A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
decoy
chiral
cloud
helix
radar
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EP11007389A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2439813B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Dr. Schmitz
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/145—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising a plurality of reflecting particles, e.g. radar chaff
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J2/00—Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic or acoustic waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/145—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B5/15—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances for creating a screening or decoy effect, e.g. using radar chaff or infrared material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a decoy for the protection of objects by absorbing electromagnetic radiation and deals with a decoy as a countermeasure for the protection of objects against radar missiles, missiles or similar flying objects, in particular with the creation of a decoy to form a protective cloud or protective wall, with the high-frequency , non-visible radiations can be absorbed. Furthermore, the invention is concerned with increasing the effect of these decoys by using frequency-specific adapted chiral radar absorbing materials (CHIRRAM).
  • CHIRRAM frequency-specific adapted chiral radar absorbing materials
  • missiles are shot, which record the incoming radar signal, analyze and send a deception signal ( US 5,388,783 . US 6,628,239 . US 2009/0189799 ) or radiate an incoming signal retrodirectly (Radarcorner, VAN Atta array, US 3,496,570 . US 3,731,313 . US 3,938,151 ).
  • a direct mode of control is the firing of missiles by their own weapons systems, such as machine guns.
  • Jammers are also used to record the incoming radar signal, analyze it and then send a deception signal ( US 3,258,771 . US 3,896,438 . US 3,958,241 . US 4,126,862 . US 4,646,098 ).
  • the invention has the object to show a simple decoy, which can be used to protect an object.
  • the invention refers to recent measures for the camouflage of objects, the so-called stealth cap technology, which are applied to the surfaces of the objects or platforms, which consist of absorbent materials in thick-film or composite technology.
  • These are isotropic media and dielectrics, such as Salisbury Screen, Jaumann Absorber, Dallenbach Layer of extruded / foamed plastics, graphites ( http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnkappentechnik , US 4,606,848 ).
  • magnetic absorbers and anisotropic media such as ferrites ( US 3,662,387 ) as well as bianisotropic, chiral absorbers are used ( US 4,606,848 ).
  • high frequency absorbing materials are designed for specific frequency bands.
  • the radar cross-section of an F-117 jet is approximately that of an insect at 10 GHz.
  • the absorbing behavior is reduced and becomes highly dependent on the layer thickness and choice of absorbent material.
  • only a frequency-limited protection is guaranteed.
  • the invention is therefore based on the idea of creating a decoys that can absorb high-frequency (invisible) electromagnetic radiation similar to camouflage, so that an object to be protected is not visible behind a camouflage cloud created by the decoys for a radar-steered flying object.
  • a decoys that can absorb high-frequency (invisible) electromagnetic radiation similar to camouflage, so that an object to be protected is not visible behind a camouflage cloud created by the decoys for a radar-steered flying object.
  • no decoy is generated, but the object itself "hidden".
  • the use of chiral materials in the decoy is provided.
  • the effect of particular chiral radar-absorbing materials is increased.
  • the increases in the effective layer thicknesses, in particular at frequencies below 2 GHz, have proven to be easy to control.
  • the use of chiral metal helices of a frequency-specific size also enables the adaptation of the cloud to the radar seeker, depending on the use of the missile radars.
  • a chiral material is usually formed by a multitude of randomly oriented, electrically conducting chiral objects embedded in a homogeneous insulating host material, for example PU foams.
  • Chiral objects such as a metallic helix, interact with an electromagnetic wave.
  • the alternating electric field induces charges that result in current flowing not only in the straight pieces of the helix but also in the circular segment. Consequently, in addition to the electrical also to a magnetic polarization.
  • the voltage induced by the alternating magnetic field leads analogously to a magnetic and an additional electrical polarization with the opposite sign.
  • a material constructed of chiral objects is thus able to influence both the electrical shift density and the magnetic induction via electric field strength and magnetic field strength, which is also referred to in practice as magneto-electrical coupling.
  • the chiral object is, for example, a copper helix, it has been shown that it resonates (for itself) or in the ensemble only for certain frequencies of a stimulating electromagnetic wave. As a result, a dispersive behavior of the chiral material is to be expected.
  • the qualitative course of the complex material parameters - permittivity, permeability and chirality as a function of frequency - indicates the material resonances.
  • chiral objects can be converted, for example, by ejection and formation of a so-called chiral cloud of corresponding density and dimensions or with frequency-specific size of the chiral metal helices.
  • a preferred pulse-like ejection and acceleration of the latter metal helices can be created by launching grenades, ammunition, missiles, active bodies, or the like, which eject the helices in a defined manner.
  • a discharge by means of air pressure, that is, by means of cached compressed gas is also possible.
  • pumps, fans, compressors, etc. in addition to a pulse-like ejection, a permanent ejection can be realized.
  • Other possibilities are catapults, bows etc., ie systems biased by spring force or the like, as well as rail guns (abrupt electromechanical transformation of stored electrical energy) and combinations of the abovementioned possibilities.
  • the system In order to create a flexible use of decoys against radar detections - based on the formation of a cloud with an increased or reduced radar cross-section created by chiral objects.
  • the system also allows easy retrofitting for any objects to be protected and the use of existing ejection mechanisms.
  • Fig. 1 shows a trained chiral cloud 1, which is formed from decoys 2, here from at least one metallic helix 2a.
  • the chiral cloud 1 itself is determined in extent and effect according to the density (number, quantity) and dimensioning (structural dimensions) of the helices 2a.
  • Fig. 1a shows the behavior of alternating magnetic field H and alternating electric field E upon impact of a corresponding radiation by means of a metallic helix with one turn.
  • P is the electric polarization
  • M the magnetic polarization.
  • the current i acts on the helix 2 a from below.
  • metallic helices 2a of different density, size and / or arrangement are preferably ejected.
  • a chiral cloud 1 with the metallic helices 2a, which reduces the radar cross section due to the absorption of the electromagnetic waves, so that either adjacent structures or no target (objects 3-5) are detected.
  • the actual object 3-5 is hidden behind the chiral cloud 1 and can move out of the danger zone in the shadow of cloud 1.
  • the protection or the protection time can be extended by enlarging the cloud 1. According to the direction of removal of the object 3-5, the course of the cloud 1 can be laid by ejecting ⁇ of subsequent decoys 2.
  • the ejection can be done as already described by means of different devices. Preference is given to a pulse-like ejection and acceleration.
  • a cloud 1 for example, to camouflage a ship 3, a vehicle 4 and / or an aircraft 5 ( Fig. 2a-c ).
  • the decoys 2 are ejected via a device, not shown, so that they form according to their task, the chiral cloud 1 between the object to be protected 3-5. This absorbs the radiation 7 emitted by the missile 6 in such a way that the flying object 6 does not "see" the object 3 to be protected as such.
  • the proposed idea can also be applied to threats that work by means of separately irradiated radiation reflected at object 3-5, similar to end-phase-guided missiles ( DE 196 04 745 C1 ).
  • the cloud 2 intercepts the radiation reflected by the object 3-5, absorbs it, so that the controlled threat also can not "see” the object 3-5 (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The decoy (2) comprises a metallic helix (2a) or copper helix made of chiral radar-absorbing materials, which receives or absorbs the electromagnetic radiations emitted by a radar-based missile. The course of a chiral plume (1) is defined by the subsequent ejection of decoys in the removal direction of the object.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Täuschkörper zum Schutz von Objekten mittels Absorption elektromagnetischer Strahlung und beschäftigt sich mit einem Täuschkörper als Gegenmaßnahme zum Schutz von Objekten gegen radargestützte Raketen, Flugkörper oder dergleichen Flugobjekte, insbesondere mit der Schaffung eines Täuschkörpers zur Ausbildung einer Schutzwolke oder Schutzwand, mit der hochfrequente, nichtsichtbare Strahlungen absorbiert werden können. Des Weiteren beschäftigt sich die Erfindung mit der Erhöhung der Wirkung dieser Täuschkörper durch Verwendung von frequenzspezifisch angepassten chiralen, radarabsorbierenden Materialien (CHIRRAM).The invention relates to a decoy for the protection of objects by absorbing electromagnetic radiation and deals with a decoy as a countermeasure for the protection of objects against radar missiles, missiles or similar flying objects, in particular with the creation of a decoy to form a protective cloud or protective wall, with the high-frequency , non-visible radiations can be absorbed. Furthermore, the invention is concerned with increasing the effect of these decoys by using frequency-specific adapted chiral radar absorbing materials (CHIRRAM).

Bei Angriffen einer radargestützten Rakete etc., insbesondere auf mobilen Plattformen, wie Schiffe, Flugzeuge und Fahrzeuge als auch stationären Gebäuden sind mehrere Gegenmaßnahmen bekannt.In attacks of a radar-based missile, etc., especially on mobile platforms, such as ships, aircraft and vehicles, as well as stationary buildings, several countermeasures are known.

In einer ersten Variante sieht man als Gegenmaßnahme den Abschuss sogenannter Düppel aus metallischen Fasern, wie Staniol, zur Ausbildung einer Wolke vor, die einen größeren Radarquerschnitt hat als das ursprüngliche Ziel (http://de.wikipedia.org./wiki/Düppel (Radartäuschung)), US 6,876,320 , US 2008/0198060 , US 2009/02511353 ).In a first variant, one sees as a countermeasure the launching of so-called chaffs made of metallic fibers, such as Staniol, to form a cloud, which has a larger radar cross-section than the original target ( http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Düppel ( radar deception)) US 6,876,320 . US 2008/0198060 . US 2009/02511353 ).

Alternativ werden auch Flugkörper verschossen, die das ankommende Radarsignal aufnehmen, analysieren und ein Täuschsignal senden ( US 5,388,783 , US 6,628,239 , US 2009/0189799 ) oder ein ankommendes Signal retrodirektiv abstrahlen (Radarcorner, VAN-Atta-Array, US 3,496,570 , US 3,731,313 , US 3,938,151 ).Alternatively, missiles are shot, which record the incoming radar signal, analyze and send a deception signal ( US 5,388,783 . US 6,628,239 . US 2009/0189799 ) or radiate an incoming signal retrodirectly (Radarcorner, VAN Atta array, US 3,496,570 . US 3,731,313 . US 3,938,151 ).

Eine direkte Bekämpfungsart ist das Verschießen von Raketen durch eigene Waffensysteme, wie Maschinenkanonen.A direct mode of control is the firing of missiles by their own weapons systems, such as machine guns.

Auch Jammer kommen zum Einsatz, die das ankommende Radarsignal aufnehmen, analysieren und dann ein Täuschsignal senden ( US 3,258,771 , US 3,896,438 , US 3,958,241 , US 4,126,862 , US 4,646,098 ).Jammers are also used to record the incoming radar signal, analyze it and then send a deception signal ( US 3,258,771 . US 3,896,438 . US 3,958,241 . US 4,126,862 . US 4,646,098 ).

Hier stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, einen einfachen Täuschkörper aufzuzeigen, der zum Schutz eines Objektes eingesetzt werden kann.Here, the invention has the object to show a simple decoy, which can be used to protect an object.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are listed in the dependent claims.

Hier greift die Erfindung auf neuere Maßnahmen zur Tarnung von Objekten zurück, der sogenannten Tarnkappentechnologie, wobei auf den Oberflächen der Objekte bzw. Plattformen aufgebracht sind, die aus absorbierenden Materialien in Dickschicht- oder Komposit-Technologie bestehen. Dabei handelt es sich um isotrope Medien und Dielektrika, wie Salisbury Screen, Jaumann Absorber, Dallenbach Layer aus extrudierten/geschäumten Kunststoffen, Graphiten (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnkappentechnik, US 4,606,848 ). Auch magnetische Absorber und anisotrope Medien, wie Ferrite ( US 3,662,387 ) sowie bianisotrope, chirale Absorber finden Einsatz ( US 4,606,848 ).Here, the invention refers to recent measures for the camouflage of objects, the so-called stealth cap technology, which are applied to the surfaces of the objects or platforms, which consist of absorbent materials in thick-film or composite technology. These are isotropic media and dielectrics, such as Salisbury Screen, Jaumann Absorber, Dallenbach Layer of extruded / foamed plastics, graphites ( http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnkappentechnik , US 4,606,848 ). Also magnetic absorbers and anisotropic media, such as ferrites ( US 3,662,387 ) as well as bianisotropic, chiral absorbers are used ( US 4,606,848 ).

Grundsätzlich sind hochfrequenzabsorbierende Materialien auf spezifische Frequenzbänder ausgelegt. Bei der Tarnkappentechnologie beispielsweise entspricht der Radarquerschnitt eines F-117 Jets etwa dem eines Insektes bei 10 GHz. Bei Frequenzen von unter 2 GHz reduziert sich jedoch das absorbierende Verhalten und wird stark abhängig von der Schichtdicke und Wahl des absorbierenden Materials. Diese beeinflussen jedoch maßgeblich die Kosten, die Masse sowie Manövrierfähigkeit eines insbesondere mobilen Systems gegen radargestützte Flugkörper. Auch wird nur ein frequenzeingeschränkter Schutz gewährleistet.Basically, high frequency absorbing materials are designed for specific frequency bands. For example, in stealth cap technology, the radar cross-section of an F-117 jet is approximately that of an insect at 10 GHz. At frequencies below 2 GHz, however, the absorbing behavior is reduced and becomes highly dependent on the layer thickness and choice of absorbent material. However, these significantly affect the cost, mass and maneuverability of a particular mobile system against radar-guided missiles. Also, only a frequency-limited protection is guaranteed.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Idee zugrunde, einen Täuschkörper zu schaffen, der hochfrequente (nichtsichtbare) elektromagnetische Strahlungen ähnlich der Tarnung absorbieren kann, sodass ein zu schützendes Objekt hinter einer durch die Täuschkörper geschaffenen Tarn-Wolke für ein radargelenktes Flugobjekt etc. nicht sichtbar ist. Damit wird im Gegensatz zu bekannten Schutzmaßnahmen kein Scheinziel erzeugt, sondern das Objekt selbst "versteckt".The invention is therefore based on the idea of creating a decoys that can absorb high-frequency (invisible) electromagnetic radiation similar to camouflage, so that an object to be protected is not visible behind a camouflage cloud created by the decoys for a radar-steered flying object. Thus, in contrast to known protective measures no decoy is generated, but the object itself "hidden".

Zur Schaffung einer derartigen Wolke ist der Einsatz von chiralen Materialien im Täuschkörper vorgesehen. Um eine effektiv wirkende Wolke auch in hochfrequenten Bereich zu schaffen, wird die Wirkung von insbesondere chiralen radarabsorbierenden Materialien erhöht. Dazu gibt es beispielsweise mehrere Ansätze. Als einfach beherrschbar haben sich die Erhöhungen der wirksamen Schichtdicken, insbesondere bei Frequenzen unterhalb von 2 GHz, gezeigt. Auch der Einsatz von chiralen Metallhelices frequenzspezifischer Größe ermöglichen - je nach Einsatz der Flugkörper-Radare - die Anpassung der Wolke auf den Radarsuchkopf.To create such a cloud, the use of chiral materials in the decoy is provided. In order to create an effective-acting cloud in the high-frequency range, the effect of particular chiral radar-absorbing materials is increased. There are several approaches to this, for example. The increases in the effective layer thicknesses, in particular at frequencies below 2 GHz, have proven to be easy to control. The use of chiral metal helices of a frequency-specific size also enables the adaptation of the cloud to the radar seeker, depending on the use of the missile radars.

Letztgenannter Ansatz - der Einsatz von metallischen Helices - soll nunmehr näher betrachtet werden.The latter approach - the use of metallic helices - will now be considered in more detail.

Ein chirales Material wird üblicherweise durch eine Vielzahl regellos orientierter, elektrisch leitender chiraler Objekte gebildet, die in ein homogenes isolierendes Wirtsmaterial - zum Beispiel PU-Schäume - eingebettet sind.A chiral material is usually formed by a multitude of randomly oriented, electrically conducting chiral objects embedded in a homogeneous insulating host material, for example PU foams.

Chirale Objekte, wie beispielsweise ein metallischer Helix, weisen eine Wechselwirkung mit einer elektromagnetischen Welle auf. Das elektrische Wechselfeld influenziert Ladungen, die einen Strom zur Folge haben, der nicht nur in den geraden Stücken der Helix fließt, sondern auch im kreisförmigen Segment. Folglich kommt es neben der elektrischen auch zu einer magnetischen Polarisation. Die vom magnetischen Wechselfeld induzierte Spannung führt analog zu einer magnetischen und einer zusätzlichen elektrischen Polarisation mit umgekehrten Vorzeichen.Chiral objects, such as a metallic helix, interact with an electromagnetic wave. The alternating electric field induces charges that result in current flowing not only in the straight pieces of the helix but also in the circular segment. Consequently, in addition to the electrical also to a magnetic polarization. The voltage induced by the alternating magnetic field leads analogously to a magnetic and an additional electrical polarization with the opposite sign.

Ein Material, aufgebaut aus chiralen Objekten ist somit in der Lage, sowohl die elektrische Verschiebungsdichte als auch die magnetische Induktion über elektrische Feldstärke und magnetische Feldstärke zu beeinflussen, was in der Praxis auch als magneto-elektrische Kopplung bezeichnet wird.A material constructed of chiral objects is thus able to influence both the electrical shift density and the magnetic induction via electric field strength and magnetic field strength, which is also referred to in practice as magneto-electrical coupling.

Ist das chirale Objekt beispielsweise ein Kupferhelix, so hat sich gezeigt, dass dieser für sich oder im Ensemble nur für bestimmte Frequenzen einer anregenden elektromagnetischen Welle in Resonanz ist (kommt). Infolge dessen ist ein dispersives Verhalten des chiralen Materials zu erwarten. Der qualitative Verlauf der komplexen Stoffparameter - Permittivität, Permeabilität und Chiralität als Funktion der Frequenz - gibt die Materialresonanzen an.If the chiral object is, for example, a copper helix, it has been shown that it resonates (for itself) or in the ensemble only for certain frequencies of a stimulating electromagnetic wave. As a result, a dispersive behavior of the chiral material is to be expected. The qualitative course of the complex material parameters - permittivity, permeability and chirality as a function of frequency - indicates the material resonances.

Die Imaginärteile, die Verlusten entsprechen, besitzen ihr Maximum in der Resonanz. Diverse frequenzabhängige Reflexionen bei verschiedenen chiralen Absorbern zeigt beispielsweise die US 5,202,535 auf.The imaginary parts corresponding to losses have their maximum in resonance. Various frequency-dependent reflections in different chiral absorbers shows, for example, the US 5,202,535 on.

Diese chiralen Objekte können beispielsweise durch Ausstoß und Bildung einer sogenannten chiralen Wolke entsprechender Dichte und Dimensionen oder mit frequenzspezifischer Grö-βe der chiralen Metallhelices umgesetzt werden. Ein bevorzugt impulsartiger Ausstoß und Beschleunigung der letztgenannten Metallhelices kann durch Abschuss von Granaten, Munition, Flugkörper, Wirkkörper oder dergleichen geschaffen werden, welche die Helices definiert ausstoßen. Ein Ausstoß mittels Luftdruck, d.h., mit Hilfe von zwischengespeichertem komprimiertem Gas ist gleichfalls möglich. Mit Pumpen, Gebläsen, Kompressoren etc. ist neben einem impulsartigen Ausstoß ein dauerhaftes Ausstoßen realisierbar. Weitere Möglichkeiten sind Katapulte, Bögen etc., also mittels Federkraft oder dergleichen vorgespannte Systeme, sowie Railguns (schlagartige elektromechanische Umformung gespeicherter elektrischer Energie) und Kombinationen der vorgenannten Möglichkeiten.These chiral objects can be converted, for example, by ejection and formation of a so-called chiral cloud of corresponding density and dimensions or with frequency-specific size of the chiral metal helices. A preferred pulse-like ejection and acceleration of the latter metal helices can be created by launching grenades, ammunition, missiles, active bodies, or the like, which eject the helices in a defined manner. A discharge by means of air pressure, that is, by means of cached compressed gas is also possible. With pumps, fans, compressors, etc. in addition to a pulse-like ejection, a permanent ejection can be realized. Other possibilities are catapults, bows etc., ie systems biased by spring force or the like, as well as rail guns (abrupt electromechanical transformation of stored electrical energy) and combinations of the abovementioned possibilities.

Damit soll ein flexibler Einsatz von Täuschkörpern gegenüber Radarerkennungen geschaffen werden - basierend auf die Ausbildung einer Wolke mit einem erhöhten oder verkleinerten Radarquerschnitt geschaffen durch chirale Objekte. Das System ermöglicht zugleich eine einfache Nachrüstbarkeit für jegliche zu schützende Objekte sowie die Nutzung der vorhandenen Ausstoßmechanismen.In order to create a flexible use of decoys against radar detections - based on the formation of a cloud with an increased or reduced radar cross-section created by chiral objects. The system also allows easy retrofitting for any objects to be protected and the use of existing ejection mechanisms.

Anhand eines einfachen Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine prinzipielle Darstellung der Ausbildung einer chiralen Wolke,
Fig. 1a
eine Darstellung der Wechselwirkung einer Helix aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 2 a-c
Anwendungen für die chirale Wolke aus Fig. 1.
Reference to a simple embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail. It shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of the formation of a chiral cloud,
Fig. 1a
a representation of the interaction of a helix Fig. 1 .
Fig. 2 ac
Applications for the chiral cloud out Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 1 zeigt eine ausgebildete chirale Wolke 1, die aus Täuschkörpern 2, hier aus wenigstens einem metallischen Helix 2a, gebildet wird. Die chirale Wolke 1 selbst wird in Ausmaß und Wirkung entsprechend der Dichte (Anzahl, Menge) und Dimensionierung (bauliche Abmessungen) der Helices 2a bestimmt. Fig. 1 shows a trained chiral cloud 1, which is formed from decoys 2, here from at least one metallic helix 2a. The chiral cloud 1 itself is determined in extent and effect according to the density (number, quantity) and dimensioning (structural dimensions) of the helices 2a.

Fig. 1a zeigt das Verhalten von magnetischem Wechselfeld H und elektrischem Wechselfeld E beim Auftreffen einer entsprechenden Strahlung anhand einer metallischen Helix mit einer Windung. Mit P ist die elektrische Polarisation, mit M die magnetische Polarisation gekennzeichnet. Der Strom i wirkt in der Darstellung von unten auf den Helix 2a ein.
Zur Erhöhung der Wirkung der Wolke 1 werden bevorzugt metallische Helices 2a unterschiedlicher Dichte, Größe und / oder Anordnung ausgestoßen. Fig. 1a shows the behavior of alternating magnetic field H and alternating electric field E upon impact of a corresponding radiation by means of a metallic helix with one turn. P is the electric polarization, M the magnetic polarization. The current i acts on the helix 2 a from below.
To increase the effect of the cloud 1, metallic helices 2a of different density, size and / or arrangement are preferably ejected.

Alternativ besteht die Möglichkeit, mit den metallischen Helices 2a eine chirale Wolke 1 auszubilden, die den Radarquerschnitt aufgrund der Absorption der elektromagnetischen Wellen derart verkleinert, sodass entweder benachbarte Strukturen oder kein Ziel (Objekt 3-5) erfasst werden. Das eigentliche Objekt 3-5 ist hinter der chiralen Wolke 1 verborgen und kann sich im Schatten der Wolke 1 aus der Gefahrenzone entfernen. Der Schutz bzw. die Schutzzeit kann durch Vergrößerung der Wolke 1 verlängert werden. Entsprechend der Entfernungsrichtung des Objektes 3-5 kann der Verlauf der Wolke 1 gelegt werden durch Aussto-βen von nachfolgenden Täuschkörpern 2.Alternatively, it is possible to form a chiral cloud 1 with the metallic helices 2a, which reduces the radar cross section due to the absorption of the electromagnetic waves, so that either adjacent structures or no target (objects 3-5) are detected. The actual object 3-5 is hidden behind the chiral cloud 1 and can move out of the danger zone in the shadow of cloud 1. The protection or the protection time can be extended by enlarging the cloud 1. According to the direction of removal of the object 3-5, the course of the cloud 1 can be laid by ejecting β of subsequent decoys 2.

Das Ausstoßen kann wie bereits beschrieben mit Hilfe unterschiedlicher Vorrichtungen erfolgen. Bevorzugt wird ein impulsartiger Ausstoß sowie Beschleunigung.The ejection can be done as already described by means of different devices. Preference is given to a pulse-like ejection and acceleration.

Anwendungen findet eine derartige Wolke 1 beispielsweise zum Tarnen eines Schiffes 3, eines Fahrzeuges 4 und / oder eines Flugzeuges 5 (Fig. 2a-c). Spätestens mit dem Erkennen einer Gefahr 6, hier ein Flugkörper, werden über eine nicht näher dargestellte Vorrichtung die Täuschkörper 2 ausgestoßen, sodass sie ihrer Aufgabe entsprechend die chirale Wolke 1 zwischen dem zu schützenden Objekt 3-5 bilden. Diese absorbiert die vom Flugkörper 6 ausgesendete Strahlung 7 derart, dass das Flugobjekt 6 das zu schützende Objekt 3-5 als solches nicht "sieht" also wahrnimmt.Applications such a cloud 1, for example, to camouflage a ship 3, a vehicle 4 and / or an aircraft 5 ( Fig. 2a-c ). At the latest with the recognition of a danger 6, here a missile, the decoys 2 are ejected via a device, not shown, so that they form according to their task, the chiral cloud 1 between the object to be protected 3-5. This absorbs the radiation 7 emitted by the missile 6 in such a way that the flying object 6 does not "see" the object 3 to be protected as such.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorgeschlagene Idee sich auch auf Bedrohungen anwenden lässt, die mittels separat angestrahlter und am Objekt 3-5 reflektierter Strahlung arbeiten, ähnlich endphasengelenkter Flugkörper ( DE 196 04 745 C1 ). In diesem Fall fängt die Wolke 2 die vom Objekt 3-5 reflektierte Strahlung ab, absorbiert diese, sodass die gesteuerte Bedrohung das Objekt 3-5 ebenfalls nicht "sehen" kann (nicht näher dargestellt).It is understood that the proposed idea can also be applied to threats that work by means of separately irradiated radiation reflected at object 3-5, similar to end-phase-guided missiles ( DE 196 04 745 C1 ). In this case, the cloud 2 intercepts the radiation reflected by the object 3-5, absorbs it, so that the controlled threat also can not "see" the object 3-5 (not shown).

Claims (5)

Täuschkörper (2) zum Schutz eines Objektes stationärer als auch mobiler Art (3-5) durch Ausbildung einer Wolke vor einer radargestützten Bedrohung (6), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Helix (2a) einen Täuschkörper (2) der chiralen Wolke (1) bildet, wodurch die von der Bedrohung (6) ausgesendete elektromagnetische Strahlung oder eine zu empfangene Strahlung absorbiert wird.Decoy (2) for protecting an object of a stationary or mobile type (3-5) by forming a cloud in front of a radar-based threat (6), characterized in that at least one helix (2a) comprises a decoy (2) of the chiral cloud (1 ), whereby the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the threat (6) or a radiation to be received is absorbed. Täuschkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Helix (2a) ein metallischer Helix (2a) ist.Decoy according to claim 1, characterized in that the helix (2a) is a metallic helix (2a). Täuschkörper nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der metallische Helix (2a) ein Kupferhelix ist.Decoy according to claim 2, characterized in that the metallic helix (2a) is a copper helix. Täuschkörper nach Anspruch einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass entsprechend der Entfernungsrichtung des Objektes (3-5) der Verlauf der Wolke (1) gelegt werden kann durch Ausstoßen von nachfolgenden Täuschkörpern 2.Decoy according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that according to the distance direction of the object (3-5) of the course of the cloud (1) can be placed by ejecting subsequent decoys 2. Täuschkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Täuschkörper (2) mittels bekannten und / oder vorhandenen Vorrichtungen am Objekt (3-5) verbracht und / oder ausgestoßen werden kann.Decoy according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the decoy (2) by means of known and / or existing devices on the object (3-5) can be spent and / or ejected.
EP11007389.7A 2010-10-07 2011-09-10 Decoy for protecting objects Active EP2439813B1 (en)

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