EP1632589A2 - Device and method for removing surface areas of a component - Google Patents

Device and method for removing surface areas of a component Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1632589A2
EP1632589A2 EP05024433A EP05024433A EP1632589A2 EP 1632589 A2 EP1632589 A2 EP 1632589A2 EP 05024433 A EP05024433 A EP 05024433A EP 05024433 A EP05024433 A EP 05024433A EP 1632589 A2 EP1632589 A2 EP 1632589A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
component
electrode
pulse
electrolyte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05024433A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1632589A3 (en
EP1632589B1 (en
Inventor
Marc De Vogelaere
Daniel Körtvelyessy
Ralph Reiche
Jan Dr. Steinbach
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1632589A3 publication Critical patent/EP1632589A3/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F5/00—Electrolytic stripping of metallic layers or coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for removing surface areas of a component according to claim 1 or 3.
  • components coated with coatings of the type MCrAlY or ZrO 2 for example, by acid stripping in combination with sand blasting or by high-pressure water jets stripped.
  • EP 1 122 323 A1 and US 5,944,909 show examples of the chemical removal of surface areas.
  • EP 1 941 34 A1, EP 1 010 782 A1 and US Pat. No. 6,165,345 disclose methods for the electrochemical removal of metallic coatings (stripping).
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device and a method in which the stripping runs faster and cheaper.
  • the object is achieved by an apparatus and a method for removing surface areas of a component according to claim 1 or 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention.
  • the device 1 consists of a container 4, in which an electrolyte 7 is arranged.
  • an electrode 10 and a component 13 is arranged in the electrolyte 7, an electrode 10 and a component 13 is arranged.
  • the electrode 10 and the component 13 are electrically connected to a current / voltage pulse generator 16.
  • the component 13 is, for example, a coated turbine blade, which has as a substrate a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy on which a metallic layer is applied, which serves, for example, as a corrosion protection or anchoring layer.
  • Such a layer has, in particular, the composition MCrAlY, where M represents an element iron, cobalt or nickel.
  • the coating is corroded during use of the turbine blade 13.
  • the resulting surface area 25 (indicated by dashed lines) is to be removed by the method according to the invention and the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the current pulse generator 16 generates a pulsed current / voltage signal (FIG. 2).
  • an ultrasonic probe 19 is arranged, which is operated by an ultrasonic source 22.
  • the ultrasonic excitation improves the hydrodynamics of the process and thereby supports the electrochemical reaction.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary current / voltage curve of the current / voltage pulse generator 16.
  • the current pulse signal or the voltage pulse is, for example, rectangular (pulse shape) and has a pulse duration t on . Between the individual impulses there is a break of the length t off . Furthermore, the current pulse signal is determined by its current level I max . The current flowing between the electrode 10 and the device 13 (I max ), the pulse duration (t on ) and the pulse pause (t off ) have a significant influence on the electrochemical reaction by accelerating it.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a sequence of current pulses 40 that repeat themselves.
  • a sequence 34 consists of at least two blocks 77.
  • Each block 77 consists of at least one current pulse 40.
  • a current pulse 40 is characterized by its duration t on , the height I max and its pulse shape (rectangle, triangle, ). Equally important as process parameters are the pauses between the individual current pulses 40 (t off ) and the pauses between the blocks 77.
  • the sequence 34 consists, for example, of a first block 77 with three current pulses 40, between which in turn takes a break. This is followed by a second block 77, which has a greater current level and consists of six current pulses 40. After another pause, four current pulses 40 follow in the reverse direction, i. with changed polarity.
  • sequence 34 is followed by another block 77 with four current pulses.
  • the sequence 34 can be repeated several times.
  • the individual pulse times t on are preferably of the order of magnitude of about 1 to 10 milliseconds.
  • the duration of the block 77 is on the order of up to 10 seconds, so that up to 500 pulses are emitted in a block 77.
  • a block 77 is matched with its parameters to a constituent of an alloy, which is to be stripped, for example, in order to achieve the best removal of this constituent. These can be determined in individual experiments.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Device for removing surface regions of a component having a container containing an electrolyte comprises an electrical current pulse transmitter (16) joining an electrode (10) and the container (13). Preferred Features: The device has an ultrasound probe (19) arranged in the container and surrounded by the electrolyte. The current transmitter produces a pulsed current or a pulsed voltage. A positive or negative potential lies on the container to produce a base current or base voltage.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von Oberflächenbereichen eines Bauteils gemäß Anspruch 1 bzw. 3.The invention relates to a device and a method for removing surface areas of a component according to claim 1 or 3.

Bislang werden Bauteile, die mit Beschichtungen des Typs MCrAlY oder ZrO2 beschichtet sind, beispielsweise durch Säurestrippen in Kombination mit Sandstrahlen oder durch Hochdruckwasserstrahlen entschichtet.So far, components coated with coatings of the type MCrAlY or ZrO 2 , for example, by acid stripping in combination with sand blasting or by high-pressure water jets stripped.

Die EP 1 122 323 Al und die US 5,944,909 zeigen Beispiele für das chemische Entfernen von Oberflächenbereichen.EP 1 122 323 A1 and US 5,944,909 show examples of the chemical removal of surface areas.

Die EP 1 941 34 Al, die EP 1 010 782 Al sowie die US-PS 6,165,345 offenbaren Methoden zum elektrochemischen Entfernen von metallischen Beschichtungen (Strippen).EP 1 941 34 A1, EP 1 010 782 A1 and US Pat. No. 6,165,345 disclose methods for the electrochemical removal of metallic coatings (stripping).

Die oben aufgelisteten Verfahren sind zeit- und damit kostenintensiv.The above-listed methods are time-consuming and thus cost-intensive.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren aufzuzeigen, bei denen die Entschichtung schneller und preiswerter abläuft.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device and a method in which the stripping runs faster and cheaper.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von Oberflächenbereichen eines Bauteils gemäß Anspruch 1 bzw. 3 gelöst.The object is achieved by an apparatus and a method for removing surface areas of a component according to claim 1 or 3.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verfahrensschritte sind in den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen aufgelistet.Further advantageous embodiments and method steps are listed in the respective subclaims.

Es zeigen

Figur 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung,
Figur 2
einen zeitlichen Verlauf eines Stromes eines Strompulsgebers und
Figur 3
einen weiteren zeitlichen Verlauf eines Stromes eines Strompulsgebers.
Show it
FIG. 1
a device according to the invention,
FIG. 2
a time course of a current of a current pulse generator and
FIG. 3
a further time course of a current of a current pulse generator.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1.
Die Vorrichtung 1 besteht aus einem Behälter 4, in dem ein Elektrolyt 7 angeordnet ist.
In dem Elektrolyt 7 ist eine Elektrode 10 und ein Bauteil 13 angeordnet. Die Elektrode 10 und das Bauteil 13 sind elektrisch mit einem Strom/Spannungspulsgeber 16 verbunden.
Das Bauteil 13 ist beispielsweise eine beschichtete Turbinenschaufel, die als Substrat eine Nickel- oder Kobalt-basierte Superlegierung aufweist, auf der eine metallische Schicht aufgebracht ist, die beispielsweise als Korrosionsschutz- oder Verankerungsschicht dient. Eine solche Schicht weist insbesondere die Zusammensetzung MCrAlY, wobei M für ein Element Eisen, Kobalt oder Nickel steht, auf.FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention.
The device 1 consists of a container 4, in which an electrolyte 7 is arranged.
In the electrolyte 7, an electrode 10 and a component 13 is arranged. The electrode 10 and the component 13 are electrically connected to a current / voltage pulse generator 16.
The component 13 is, for example, a coated turbine blade, which has as a substrate a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy on which a metallic layer is applied, which serves, for example, as a corrosion protection or anchoring layer. Such a layer has, in particular, the composition MCrAlY, where M represents an element iron, cobalt or nickel.

Die Beschichtung ist während des Einsatzes der Turbinenschaufel 13 korrodiert. Der so entstandene Oberflächenbereich 25 (gestrichelt angedeutet) soll durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 entfernt werden. Ebenso können von einem Bauteil 13, das keine Beschichtung aufweist, aber im oberflächennahen Bereich durch Korrosion, Oxidation oder sonstige Arten der Degradation entstandene Schichtbereiche 25 entfernt werden.
Der Strompulsgeber 16 erzeugt ein gepulstes Strom/Spannungssignal (Figur 2) .The coating is corroded during use of the turbine blade 13. The resulting surface area 25 (indicated by dashed lines) is to be removed by the method according to the invention and the device 1 according to the invention. Likewise, it is possible to remove from a component 13, which has no coating, but layer regions 25 formed in the near-surface region as a result of corrosion, oxidation or other types of degradation.
The current pulse generator 16 generates a pulsed current / voltage signal (FIG. 2).

Optional ist in dem Elektrolyt 7 eine Ultraschallsonde 19 angeordnet, die durch eine Ultraschallquelle 22 betrieben wird.Optionally, in the electrolyte 7, an ultrasonic probe 19 is arranged, which is operated by an ultrasonic source 22.

Die Ultraschallanregung verbessert die Hydrodynamik des Prozesses und unterstützt dadurch die elektrochemische Reaktion.The ultrasonic excitation improves the hydrodynamics of the process and thereby supports the electrochemical reaction.

Figur 2 zeigt einen beispielhaften Strom/Spannungsverlauf des Strom/Spannungspulsgebers 16.FIG. 2 shows an exemplary current / voltage curve of the current / voltage pulse generator 16.

Das Strompulssignal oder der Spannungspuls ist beispielsweise rechteckig (Pulsform) und hat eine Pulsdauer ton. Zwischen den einzelnen Impulsen besteht eine Pause der Länge toff. Weiterhin wird das Strompulssignal durch seine Stromhöhe Imax bestimmt.
Der Strom, der zwischen der Elektrode 10 und dem Bauteil 13 fließt (Imax), die Pulsdauer (ton) und die Pulspause (toff) haben einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die elektrochemische Reaktion, indem diese beschleunigt wird.The current pulse signal or the voltage pulse is, for example, rectangular (pulse shape) and has a pulse duration t on . Between the individual impulses there is a break of the length t off . Furthermore, the current pulse signal is determined by its current level I max .
The current flowing between the electrode 10 and the device 13 (I max ), the pulse duration (t on ) and the pulse pause (t off ) have a significant influence on the electrochemical reaction by accelerating it.

Figur 3 zeigt eine beispielhafte Aneinanderreihung von Strompulsen 40, die sich wiederholen.
Eine Sequenz 34 besteht aus zumindest zwei Blöcken 77. Jeder Block 77 besteht aus zumindest einem Strompuls 40.
Ein Strompuls 40 ist charakterisiert durch seine Dauer ton, die Höhe Imax und seine Pulsform (Rechteck, Dreieck, ...). Ebenso wichtig als Prozessparameter sind die Pausen zwischen den einzelnen Strompulsen 40 (toff) und die Pausen zwischen den Blöcken 77.FIG. 3 shows an example of a sequence of current pulses 40 that repeat themselves.
A sequence 34 consists of at least two blocks 77. Each block 77 consists of at least one current pulse 40.
A current pulse 40 is characterized by its duration t on , the height I max and its pulse shape (rectangle, triangle, ...). Equally important as process parameters are the pauses between the individual current pulses 40 (t off ) and the pauses between the blocks 77.

Die Sequenz 34 besteht bspw. aus einem ersten Block 77 mit drei Strompulsen 40, zwischen denen wiederum eine Pause stattfindet. Darauf folgt ein zweiter Block 77, der eine größere Stromhöhe aufweist und aus sechs Strompulsen 40 besteht. Nach einer weiteren Pause folgen vier Strompulse 40 in umgekehrter Richtung, d.h. mit geänderter Polarität.The sequence 34 consists, for example, of a first block 77 with three current pulses 40, between which in turn takes a break. This is followed by a second block 77, which has a greater current level and consists of six current pulses 40. After another pause, four current pulses 40 follow in the reverse direction, i. with changed polarity.

Als Abschluss der Sequenz 34 folgt ein weiterer Block 77 mit vier Strompulsen.
Die Sequenz 34 kann mehrfach wiederholt werden.The conclusion of the sequence 34 is followed by another block 77 with four current pulses.
The sequence 34 can be repeated several times.

Die Einzelpulszeiten ton betragen vorzugsweise größenordnungsmäßig etwa 1 bis 10 Millisekunden. Die zeitliche Dauer des Blocks 77 liegt in der Größenordnung bis zu 10 Sekunden, so dass bis zu 500 Pulse in einem Block 77 ausgesendet werden.The individual pulse times t on are preferably of the order of magnitude of about 1 to 10 milliseconds. The duration of the block 77 is on the order of up to 10 seconds, so that up to 500 pulses are emitted in a block 77.

Die Belegung sowohl während der Pulsabfolgen als auch in der Pausenzeit mit einem geringen Potenzial (Basisstrom) ist optional möglich.The assignment both during the pulse sequences as well as in the pause time with a low potential (base current) is optionally possible.

Ein Block 77 ist mit seinen Parametern auf ein Bestandteil einer Legierung abgestimmt, die bspw. entschichtet werden soll, um das beste Entfernen dieses Bestandteils zu erreichen. Diese können in Einzelversuchen bestimmt werden.A block 77 is matched with its parameters to a constituent of an alloy, which is to be stripped, for example, in order to achieve the best removal of this constituent. These can be determined in individual experiments.

Claims (10)

Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von Oberflächenbereichen eines Bauteils,
die einen Behälter aufweist,
in dem ein Elektrolyt angeordnet ist,
in der das Bauteil einbringbar ist,
die eine Elektrode aufweist,
wobei die Elektrode und das Bauteil elektrisch miteinander verbindbar sind und
wobei die Elektrode zumindest teilweise in dem Elektrolyten angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Vorrichtung einen elektrischen Strompulsgeber (16) aufweist,
der elektrisch zwischen Elektrode (10) und Bauteil (13) schaltbar ist und
dass der Strompulsgeber (16) Strompulse und einen Basisstrom erzeugen kann.Device for removing surface areas of a component,
which has a container,
in which an electrolyte is arranged,
in which the component is introduced,
having an electrode,
wherein the electrode and the component are electrically connectable to each other and
wherein the electrode is at least partially disposed in the electrolyte,
characterized,
in that the device has an electrical current pulse generator (16),
the electrically between the electrode (10) and component (13) is switchable and
can that the current pulse generator generating (16) current pulses and a base current. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Vorrichtung (1) eine Ultraschallsonde (14) aufweist, die im Behälter (4) angeordnet ist, und
die vom Elektrolyten (10) umgeben ist.Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the device (1) comprises an ultrasonic probe (14) which is arranged in the container (4), and
which is surrounded by the electrolyte (10). Verfahren zur Entschichtung eines Oberflächenbereiches eines Bauteils,
bei dem eine Elektrode
und das Bauteil in einem Elektrolyten angeordnet sind,
wobei die Elektrode und das Bauteil elektrisch leitend miteinander und mit einem Stromgeber (16) verbunden sind, und wobei der Stromgeber (16) einen gepulsten Strom oder eine gepulste Spannung erzeugt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
an dem Bauteil (13) ein positives oder ein negatives Potenzial anliegt,
um einen Basisstrom oder Basisspannung zu erzeugen.Process for removing a surface area of a component,
in which an electrode
and the component are arranged in an electrolyte,
wherein the electrode and the component are electrically conductively connected to each other and to a current generator (16), and wherein the current generator (16) generates a pulsed current or a pulsed voltage,
characterized in that
on the component (13) has a positive or a negative potential,
to generate a base current or base voltage. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
in dem Elektrolyten (7) eine Ultraschallsonde (19) betrieben wird.Method according to claim 3,
characterized in that
in the electrolyte (7) an ultrasonic probe (19) is operated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zum elektrolytischen Entschichten ein Strom/Spannungspuls (40) verwendet wird,
wobei sowohl positive als auch negative Strom/Spannungspulse (40) verwendet werden.Method according to claim 3,
characterized in that
for electrolytic stripping a current / voltage pulse (40) is used,
where both positive and negative current / voltage pulses (40) are used. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
für das elektrolytische Entschichten wiederholt mehrere Strom/Spannungspulse (40) verwendet werden,
die in einer Sequenz (34) zusammengefasst sind,
wobei die Sequenz (34) von zumindest zwei verschiedenen Blöcken (77) gebildet wird,
wobei ein Block (77) aus zumindest einem Strompuls (40) besteht.Method according to claim 3,
characterized in that
for the electrolytic stripping repeated several current / voltage pulses (40) are used
which are summarized in a sequence (34),
wherein the sequence (34) is formed by at least two different blocks (77),
wherein a block (77) consists of at least one current pulse (40). Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein Block (77) bestimmt ist durch eine Anzahl von Strompulsen (40), Pulsdauer (ton), Pulspause (toff), Stromhöhe (Imax) und Pulsform.Method according to claim 6,
characterized in that
a block (77) is determined by a number of current pulses (40), pulse duration (t on ), pulse pause (t off ), current level (I max ) and pulse shape. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein Block (77) jeweils auf einen Bestandteil einer Legierung abgestimmt ist, die entfernt werden soll,
um das Entschichten des Bestandteils der Legierung zu verstärken.Method according to claim 6,
characterized in that
a block (77) is each tuned to a constituent of an alloy which is to be removed,
to enhance the stripping of the constituent of the alloy. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine Legierungsschicht der Art MCrAlY entschichtet wird,
wobei M ein Element der Gruppe Eisen, Kobalt oder Nickel ist.Method according to claim 3,
characterized in that
an alloy layer of the type MCrAlY is stripped,
where M is an element of the group iron, cobalt or nickel. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein Basisstrom den Strompulsen (40) und/oder den Pausen überlagert ist.Method according to claim 6,
characterized in that
a base current is superimposed on the current pulses (40) and / or the pauses.
EP05024433A 2002-04-08 2003-03-21 Method for removing surface areas of a component Expired - Fee Related EP1632589B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10215374 2002-04-08
DE10259365A DE10259365A1 (en) 2002-04-08 2002-12-18 Device and method for removing surface areas of a component
EP03727147A EP1507901B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-03-21 Device and method for removing surface areas of a component

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03727147A Division EP1507901B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-03-21 Device and method for removing surface areas of a component

Publications (3)

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EP1632589A2 true EP1632589A2 (en) 2006-03-08
EP1632589A3 EP1632589A3 (en) 2006-04-05
EP1632589B1 EP1632589B1 (en) 2008-12-31

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EP03727147A Expired - Fee Related EP1507901B1 (en) 2002-04-08 2003-03-21 Device and method for removing surface areas of a component

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US (2) US7569133B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1632589B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100379900C (en)
DE (3) DE10259365A1 (en)
ES (2) ES2292967T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2003085174A2 (en)

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US20090255828A1 (en) 2009-10-15
ES2292967T3 (en) 2008-03-16
EP1507901A2 (en) 2005-02-23
WO2003085174A2 (en) 2003-10-16
CN1646735A (en) 2005-07-27
DE10259365A1 (en) 2003-10-30
US7569133B2 (en) 2009-08-04
US20050224367A1 (en) 2005-10-13
DE50308417D1 (en) 2007-11-29
EP1632589A3 (en) 2006-04-05
CN100379900C (en) 2008-04-09
EP1507901B1 (en) 2007-10-17
EP1632589B1 (en) 2008-12-31
WO2003085174A3 (en) 2004-12-23
DE50311030D1 (en) 2009-02-12

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