CN109190094B - Building information model file segmentation method based on IFC standard - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction industry information, and provides a building information model file segmentation method based on an IFC (information processing) standard for distributed data analysis of a building information model. The method comprises the following steps: reading and analyzing a building information model source file based on IFC standard, and determining a file segmentation mark according to a source file analysis result and default parameters of nodes of a distributed data analysis system; extracting component objects contained in the subfiles according to the file segmentation marks; performing data decoupling of the resource layer entity according to the incidence relation of the entity object, and acquiring all data associated with the component object; and finally, generating a model space structure file and a data independent subfile according to the IFC standard. The invention realizes the building information model file segmentation based on the IFC standard, provides a reasonable source file preprocessing scheme for the distributed data analysis of the large-volume model, can effectively reduce the processing pressure of system nodes and improve the model data analysis efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction industry information, in particular to a building information model file segmentation method based on IFC standards, and aims to provide a source file preprocessing scheme for distributed data analysis of a large-volume building information model.
Background
The BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a digital expression of physical and functional characteristics of a Building body, can provide comprehensive, accurate and real-time Information for the management process of the whole life cycle of a project, changes the traditional thinking mode and operation mode of the Building industry, improves the working quality and efficiency of project design, construction and operation, and promotes the improvement of the industrial productivity level.
In order to realize the sharing and exchange of building information model data, the building smart alliance publishes the existing universal IFC standard data format as an open international standard, IFC has relatively perfect information classification and data structure, the definition of product information is realized by using an EXPRESS language, and the text has the advantages of clear structure, easy understanding, machine-readable friendliness and the like. A unified specification can be provided for data exchange and information sharing among a plurality of BIM applications.
The popularization of the building information model technology improves the informatization level of the construction process from all aspects such as standards, technologies, work management modes and the like. The construction project relates to the stages of a full life cycle such as planning, designing, constructing, operation and maintenance till building demolition, and the like, and the information shows the characteristics of wide sources, large volume, complex types, dynamic updating and the like along with the time and the progress of the project, so that the characteristic of multi-source heterogeneous large data is formed.
In practical application, the data analysis of the multi-source heterogeneous big data of the building information model comprises the processing of two parts of data, namely text information and geometric information. In the IFC data standard, the geometric information expression adopts an entity model description form with simplified data, and the geometric entity description method has great advantages in the parameterization expression of the model, but can not be directly used for rendering and displaying through computer graphics processing and needs to be converted into computer three-dimensional rendering data through geometric analysis.
In view of the fact that high requirements are put on hardware equipment by data analysis of multi-source heterogeneous big data of a building information model, application research in the field gradually turns to online application modes such as B/S, C/S, and data processing pressure of terminal equipment is relieved by means of data processing capacity of a server and data transmission capacity of a network. However, the building information model data processing server still has the problems of long data processing time, high hardware configuration requirements and the like. And for one building information model file, only one-time data analysis is needed, and idle time causes the idle of high-quality resources of the server. Therefore, segmenting the multi-source heterogeneous big data file of the building information model and then performing distributed data analysis is an efficient and economic mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems.
Therefore, the invention provides a building information model file segmentation method based on IFC standard, and provides a reasonable source file preprocessing scheme for distributed data analysis of a large-volume model.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a building information model file segmentation method based on IFC standard, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: reading and analyzing a building information model source file based on IFC standard, and determining a file segmentation mark according to a source file analysis result and default parameters of nodes of a distributed data analysis system;
step 2: extracting component objects contained in the subfiles according to the file segmentation marks;
and 3, step 3: performing data decoupling of the resource layer entity according to the incidence relation of the entity object, and acquiring all data associated with the component object;
and 4, step 4: and finally, generating a model space structure file and a data independent subfile based on the IFC standard.
Further, the step 1 comprises the following steps:
and step 13, determining a file segmentation mark.
The model space structure is a scene space structure of the building information model and represents a multi-level management subset required by a building body, and the abstract definition derives a series of space structure element definitions in the building information model.
The spatial structure elements comprise four types of project sites (site), buildings (bldg), floors (sty) and spaces (spc), and the elements have dependency relationships in spatial structures.
The building member is an element constituting a building. The component object (o) is a basic object having geometric information in the building information model.
Further, the step 2 comprises the following steps:
and step 23, circulating the steps to finish the extraction of all the subfile component objects.
The subfiles are the result generated by cutting the source file according to the file cutting marks, and have data independence.
Further, the step 3 comprises the following steps:
and step 34, circulating the steps to acquire the associated data of all the component objects.
And step 35, further analyzing the component object data, combining the objects with the same data, and finishing the acquisition of the associated data of all the constructed objects.
The entity object is an abstract definition of the IFC standard on the object and the relationship between different objects. The membership of the component object and the space, the connection relation between the component objects, the reference relation between the component objects and the resource layer entity, and the like can be clearly described through different entity definitions.
The resource layer entity is an entity type defined by the IFC standard and referred as the description of other entity information, and the entity does not have a globally unique identifier and can only appear in a model file in a referred mode.
The IFC standard file has information multiplexing in the aspects of geometric description, appearance expression and the like of the component object, so that the data coupling of the component object is caused.
Further, the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 41: creating a subfile, and naming the subfile according to the file segmentation mark and the file naming rule;
step 42: checking the object data under the division mark, confirming necessary parameter information and removing redundant data information;
step 43: writing the information of the header segment and the data segment into the subfile according to the IFC standard;
step 44: circulating the steps to finish the generation of all the subfiles;
step 45: and generating a model space structure file according to the source file model space structure.
The IFC standard file header section comprises three contents of file _ description, file _ name and file _ schema and is used for describing basic information of a file.
The IFC standard file data section is the main content of IFC file data exchange, and is composed of description data of entity objects, and the data format is "[ entity name ] = [ entity type ] ([ attribute value 1], …, [ attribute value n ]).
The model space structure file records a model space structure stored in a source file, and the data of the file is analyzed to generate a space structure element object.
The invention realizes the building information model file segmentation based on the IFC standard, provides a reasonable source file preprocessing scheme for the distributed data analysis of the large-volume model, can effectively reduce the processing pressure of system nodes and improve the model data analysis efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a building information model file segmentation method based on IFC standards according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of generating a segmentation flag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the sub-file member object extraction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for converting a building block into a building block entity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a relationship entity containing information according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process of extracting associated data of a component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIM data weight reduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an IFC standard file data segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not to be construed as limiting the scope thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a building information model file segmentation method based on the IFC standard according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the building information model file splitting method based on the IFC standard according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: reading and analyzing a building information model source file based on IFC standard, and determining a file segmentation mark according to a source file analysis result and default parameters of nodes of a distributed data analysis system;
step 2: extracting component objects contained in the subfiles according to the file segmentation marks;
and step 3: performing data decoupling of the resource layer entity according to the incidence relation of the entity object, and acquiring all data associated with the component object;
and 4, step 4: and finally, generating a model space structure file and a data independent subfile based on the IFC standard.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of generating a slicing flag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In step 11, the source file is read first, and then traversed according to the model space structure shown in fig. 3, and the number α of the component objects and the component object data resolution factor β included in each space structure element are counted, so as to obtain the data resolution reference value E of each space structure element.
In step 12, a file parsing capability value ρ of the node is determined according to the node data processing capability of the distributed data parsing system.
In step 13, a file split flag is determined. The judgment condition is the comparison result of rho and E, the judgment sequence is carried out according to the grade of the space structure elements from high to low, and the algorithm flow is shown as algorithm 1.
The model space structure is a scene space structure of the building information model and represents a multi-level management subset required by a building body, and the abstract definition derives a series of space structure element definitions in the building information model.
The spatial structure elements comprise four types of project sites (site), buildings (bldg), floors (sty) and spaces (spc), wherein the elements have a dependency relationship on a spatial structure, the dependency relationship is shown in fig. 3, a set relationship (ifcRelAggregatates) defines a dependency relationship among one-to-many different spatial levels, the subspaces establish the dependency relationship through the relationship object, and finally the spatial structure elements establish the dependency relationship with the projects (ifcProject) through the relationship object.
The building member is an element constituting a building. The component object (o) is a basic object having geometric information in the building information model. The information of the component object mainly includes geometric information, relationship information, attribute information, and the like. The geometric information comprises positions and expressions, the relationship information comprises reference relationships between the component objects and related resources, dependency relationships, connection relationships and the like between the component objects and other objects, and the attribute information is mainly used for assisting in describing relevant parameters of the components. In the data analysis process, the analysis process of the geometric information is the most complicated, so the component object data analysis factor beta mainly takes the analysis calculation complexity of the geometric information as a main reference index.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of generating a slicing flag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In step 21, a file splitting flag is obtained.
In step 22, the corresponding component object is extracted according to the file splitting flag type, as shown in fig. 5, the component object extraction is performed according to the information contained in the relationship entities, where the relationship entities include ifcrelaggregatates, ifcrelcontainedpastenerspatialstructures, and the like, which respectively define the inclusion relationships between the spatial structure elements and the component objects.
In step 23, the above steps 21 and 22 are repeated to complete the extraction of all the subfile component objects.
The subfiles are the result generated by cutting the source file according to the file cutting marks, and have data independence.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of acquiring component object associated data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In step 31, the first component object of the subfile is obtained.
In step 32, resource layer data decoupling is performed according to the entity object association relationship.
In step 33, all data associated with the component object is acquired.
In step 34, the above steps are looped to complete the acquisition of all the component object related data.
The entity object is an abstract definition of the IFC standard on the object and the relationship between different objects. The membership of the component object and the space, the connection relation between the component objects, the reference relation between the component objects and the resource layer entity, and the like can be clearly described through different entity definitions.
The resource layer entity is an entity type defined by the IFC standard and referred as the description of other entity information, and the entity does not have a globally unique identifier and can only appear in a model file in a referred mode.
The IFC standard file has information multiplexing in the aspects of geometric description, appearance expression and the like of the component object, and the material association relationship supports the same material definition to associate a plurality of entity objects, so that the material information is stored separately from other information of the associated entity objects, namely different entity objects can share the same material information. And data coupling of the component objects is caused, and data decoupling is performed according to the entity object association relation by the method, so that the data independence of the subfiles is ensured.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a process of generating a result file according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In step 41, a subfile is first created, and the subfile is named according to the file splitting flag and the file naming rule.
In step 42, the header segment and data segment information is written to the subfile according to the IFC standard.
In step 43, the above steps are looped to complete the generation of all subfiles.
In step 44, a model space structure file is generated from the source file model space structure.
As shown in fig. 8, the IFC standard file header segment includes three parts of file _ description, file _ name, and file _ schema, and is used to describe basic information of a file.
As shown in fig. 8, the IFC standard file data segment is the main content of the IFC file data exchange, and is composed of description data of an entity object, and the data format is "[ entity name ] = [ entity type ] ([ attribute value 1], …, [ attribute value n ]).
The model space structure file records a model space structure stored in a source file, and the data of the file is analyzed to generate a space structure element object.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The technical scheme of the invention can be changed within the spirit and the principle of the invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made by the technical scheme are all included in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A building information model file segmentation method based on IFC standard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: reading and analyzing a building information model source file based on IFC standard, and determining a file segmentation mark according to a source file analysis result and default parameters of nodes of a distributed data analysis system, wherein the file segmentation mark comprises the following steps:
step 11, reading a source file, traversing according to a model space structure, and counting the number alpha of component objects and the component object data analysis factor beta contained in each space structure element so as to obtain a data analysis reference value E of each space structure element, wherein the component object data analysis factor beta takes the analysis calculation complexity of geometric information as a reference index;
step 12, determining a default parameter of a node of the distributed data analysis system, namely a file analysis capability value rho of the node;
step 13, determining a file segmentation mark, wherein the judgment condition is that the size of rho is compared with that of E, and the judgment sequence is carried out from high to low according to the grade of the space structure elements;
the model space structure is as follows: the scene space structure of the building information model represents a multi-level management subset required by a building body, and a series of space structure element definitions in the building information model are derived;
spatial structure elements: the spatial structure elements comprise a project site IfcSite, a symbol: site, building IfcBuilding, symbol: bldg, floor IfcBuildingStorey, symbol: sty and space IfcSpace, notation: spc is four, and spatial structural dependency exists among elements;
component object: the building member, which is a member, refers to each element constituting a building, and a member object ComponentObject, symbol: o denotes a basic object having geometric information in the building information model;
file segmentation mark: the file segmentation identifier meeting the preset parameters is one of site, bldg, sty, spc and sec, wherein sec is used for further segmentation of the first four space structure elements;
step 2: extracting component objects contained in the subfiles according to the file segmentation marks;
and step 3: performing data decoupling of the resource layer entity according to the incidence relation of the entity object, and acquiring all data associated with the component object, wherein the data decoupling comprises the following steps:
step 31, acquiring a first component object of the subfile;
step 32, performing resource layer data decoupling according to the entity object incidence relation;
step 33, acquiring all data associated with the component object;
step 34, repeating the above steps to complete the acquisition of the associated data of all the component objects;
entity object: the IFC standard abstracts objects and relations among different objects into the concept of the objects; clearly describing the membership of the component objects and the spaces, the connection relation among the component objects and the reference relation of the component objects and the resource layer entities through different entity definitions;
resource layer entity: entity types defined by IFC standards and referred as other entity information descriptions, wherein the entities do not have globally unique identifications and can only appear in a model file in a referred mode;
data decoupling: the IFC standard file has information multiplexing in the aspects of geometric description and appearance expression of the component object, so that the data coupling of the component object is caused, and the method performs data decoupling according to the incidence relation of the entity object to ensure the data independence of the subfiles;
and 4, step 4: and finally, generating a model space structure file and a data independent subfile based on the IFC standard.
2. The IFC standard-based building information model file splitting method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the steps of:
step 21, acquiring a file segmentation mark;
step 22, extracting corresponding component objects according to the file segmentation mark types;
and step 23, circulating the steps to finish the extraction of all the subfile component objects.
3. The building information model file splitting method based on the IFC standard as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
subfiles: and according to the result generated by cutting the source file according to the file cutting mark, the subfile has data independence.
4. The building information model file splitting method based on the IFC standard according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 comprises the steps of:
step 41: creating a subfile, and naming the subfile according to the file segmentation mark and the file naming rule;
step 42: writing the header segment and data segment information into the subfile according to the IFC standard;
step 43: circulating the steps to finish the generation of all the subfiles;
step 44: and generating a model space structure file according to the source file model space structure.
5. The building information model file splitting method based on the IFC standard as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
a head section: the header section of the IFC standard file comprises three parts of contents, namely file _ description, file _ name and file _ schema, and is used for describing basic information of the file;
and (3) data segment: the data section is the main content of IFC file data exchange, and is composed of description data of entity objects, and the data format is "[ entity name ] = [ entity type ] ([ attribute value 1], …, [ attribute value n ]); ";
model space structure file: and recording a model space structure stored in the source file, and analyzing data to generate a space structure element object.
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| CN110162731B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-11-22 | 西安塔力科技有限公司 | Method for displaying IFC model component space information on Web |
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| CN111553001B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-04-05 | 广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司 | Method for extracting or deleting component from IFC file |
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