CN110826845A - Multidimensional combination cost allocation device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multidimensional combination cost apportionment device and a multidimensional combination cost apportionment method, which belong to the field of computer data processing and solve the problem of multidimensional combination and apportionment of cost information data, wherein the device comprises a multidimensional apportionment model generation module, a multidimensional allocation model generation module and a multidimensional allocation model generation module, wherein the multidimensional apportionment model generation module is used for establishing an incidence relation between multidimensional cost objects corresponding to cost elements and the flow direction of cost data; the cost acquisition module to be shared is used for importing the cost data, extracting the cost data to be directly collected and the cost data to be shared; the multidimensional cost allocation calculation module is used for performing allocation calculation on the cost data to be allocated layer by layer according to the multidimensional cost allocation model and outputting multidimensional combined allocation data; and the multidimensional cost sharing and summarizing module is used for outputting a multidimensional cost sharing and summarizing list of the cost data. The invention can automatically carry out multi-dimensional combined cost sharing on the extracted cost data, efficiently, accurately, comprehensively and visually construct the value flow of direct and indirect cost of each department and each production link in an enterprise, and assist the product production and operation activities of the enterprise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer data processing, in particular to a multidimensional combination cost apportionment device and a multidimensional combination cost apportionment method.
Background
At present, in the data processing of enterprise cost management, the cost information is required to be reflected more and more finely, the involved dimensions are increased, the original cost allocation processing is low in automation degree, and a large amount of time is consumed by personnel to perform distinguishing, identifying, collecting and allocating calculation of direct cost and indirect cost in cost data to generate a summary report; the efficiency is low, the accuracy is poor, and the production and operation decision of enterprises is influenced.
Therefore, a new cost allocation technology is needed, which can automatically perform direct cost and indirect cost identification, collection and allocation processing on preset cost data and generate a multidimensional combined cost allocation result, efficiently, accurately, comprehensively and visually reflect the relationship between production and management and multidimensional cost, and better assist the product production and management activities of enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing analysis, the present invention aims to provide a multidimensional combination cost apportionment device and method, which solve the problem of multidimensional combination apportionment of cost information data.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a multidimensional combination cost apportionment device, which comprises,
the multi-dimensional allocation model generation module is used for establishing an incidence relation and a cost data flow direction between multi-dimensional cost objects corresponding to the cost elements and establishing a multi-dimensional cost allocation model;
the system comprises a to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module, a cost data analysis module and a cost data analysis module, wherein the to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module is used for importing cost data from an external system or a file in batches, and extracting direct collection cost data and to-be-apportioned cost data from the imported cost data according to cost elements and cost object dimensions;
the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module is used for performing apportionment calculation on the cost data to be apportioned layer by layer according to the constructed multidimensional cost apportionment model and outputting multidimensional combined apportionment data of the cost to be apportioned;
and the multidimensional cost allocation and summarization module is used for summarizing the directly collected cost data and the multidimensional combined allocation data of the cost to be allocated and outputting a multidimensional cost allocation and summarization list of the cost data.
Further, the multi-dimensional apportionment model generation module comprises a cost object establishing sub-module, an apportionment path establishing sub-module and a tree-shaped apportionment model establishing sub-module;
the cost object establishing submodule is used for extracting a multi-dimensional cost object corresponding to the cost element from an input enterprise management object type table and determining the allocation priority of each dimension cost object;
the apportionment path establishing submodule is used for establishing a cross-dimension cost apportionment path list according to an apportionment standard according to the cost benefit relation among the multi-dimension cost objects;
and the tree-shaped apportionment model establishing submodule is used for establishing an apportionment model of a tree-shaped structure layer by layer according to the apportionment priority of the cost object and the cost apportionment path list.
Further, the to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module comprises a data import sub-module, a matching extraction sub-module, a data identification sub-module and a data output module;
the data import submodule is used for importing cost data in batches from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format; the cost data collection interface file comprises text information including cost elements, multi-dimensional cost objects, cost benefit relations and amounts;
the matching extraction submodule is used for matching text information in the data collection interface file with text information in the multidimensional cost apportionment model, and extracting cost data which comprise the same key words of the cost elements and the same key words of the cost objects in the multidimensional cost apportionment model from the data collection interface file;
the data identification submodule is used for carrying out classification identification on the extracted cost data, and the cost data with values for the dimensions of the extracted cost objects are identified as 'direct collection cost'; identifying cost data with null dimensions for the extracted cost object as "cost to be amortized";
and the data output module is used for outputting the data marked as the cost to be apportioned to the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module.
Further, the calculation of the split in the multidimensional cost splitting calculation module comprises:
1) matching the cost element name of the tree-shaped apportionment model according to the cost element name of the cost data to be apportioned identified, and finding the apportionment model of the cost element;
2) matching nodes on the rule tree by using the cost object dimension value with the highest apportionment priority of the cost data to be apportioned, and skipping the node apportionment rule if a receiver of the node has a value on the cost object dimension of the cost to be apportioned, without executing apportionment; if the receiver of the node has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, executing first-layer allocation from the node;
3) taking a multi-dimensional combined allocation result generated by the first-level allocation as a cost to be allocated, executing second-level allocation, wherein the second-level allocation adopts an allocation rule as a sub-node rule under the allocation rule adopted by the first-level allocation, a system needs to detect whether a receiver of the sub-node rule has a value in the dimension of a cost object of the cost to be allocated, and if the receiver does not have the value, executing second-level allocation;
4) and 3) performing layer-by-layer allocation according to the step 3), and finally generating a multi-dimensional combined allocation result.
Further, the calculation formula of the first layer apportionment is as follows:
CostWD2-i＝CostWD1-1*(ValueWD2-i/∑ValueWD2-i)；
in the formula, CostWD1-1The indirect cost to be amortized for dimension 1; valueWD2-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 2 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD2-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 2, CostWD2-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object in dimension 2;
the calculation formula of the second layer apportionment is as follows:
CostWD3-i＝CostWD2-i*(ValueWD3-i/∑ValueWD3-i)；
in the formula, CostWD2-iApportioning the cost to the ith object in dimension 2 for the first level; valueWD3-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 3 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD2-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 2, CostWD3-iTo amortize the cost over the ith object in dimension 3.
The invention also discloses a multidimensional combination cost allocation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an incidence relation and a cost data flow direction between multi-dimensional cost objects corresponding to the cost elements according to the product or service categories of the enterprise, and forming a multi-dimensional cost apportionment model;
step S2, importing cost data in batch from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format, and dividing the cost data into direct collection cost data and cost data to be shared;
step S3, according to the constructed multidimensional cost allocation model, performing allocation calculation on the cost data to be allocated in the input production cost layer by layer, and outputting multidimensional combined allocation data of the production cost;
and step S4, directly collecting the cost data and the multi-dimensional combined apportionment data of the cost to be apportioned according to the cost element and the cost object dimension classification, and outputting the multi-dimensional combined aggregated data of each cost element in the cost data.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes:
s101, selecting a cost object dimension from a management object type table of an enterprise, and setting the allocation priority of the cost object dimension;
step S102, establishing cost apportionment paths among multiple dimensions according to cost benefit relations among dimensions of cost objects;
and S103, constructing a multi-dimensional cost allocation model according to the cost allocation path.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
step S201, importing cost data from an external system or files in batches according to a preset cost data collection interface file format;
step S202, matching text information in the data collection interface file with text information in the multidimensional cost apportionment model, and extracting cost data which comprise the same key elements and key words of cost objects in the multidimensional cost apportionment model from the data collection interface file;
step S203, carrying out classification identification on the extracted cost data, and identifying the cost data with values in the dimensions of the extracted cost objects as 'direct collection cost'; identifying cost data with null dimensions for the extracted cost object as "cost to be amortized";
and step S204, outputting the data marked as the cost to be apportioned to the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module.
Further, the multidimensional cost allocation calculation program is carried out step by step according to the following steps:
1) matching the cost element name of the tree-shaped apportionment model according to the cost element name of the cost data to be apportioned, and finding an apportionment rule tree of the cost element;
2) matching nodes on the rule tree by using the cost object dimension value with the highest apportionment priority of the cost data to be apportioned, and skipping the node apportionment rule if a receiver of the node has a value on the cost object dimension of the cost to be apportioned, without executing apportionment; if the receiver of the node has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, executing first-layer allocation from the node;
3) the system takes an allocation result generated by the first-level allocation as the cost to be allocated, executes the second-level allocation, the second-level allocation adopts an allocation rule as a sub-node rule under the allocation rule adopted by the first-level allocation, similarly, the system needs to detect whether a receiver of the sub-node rule has a value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, and if the receiver does not have the value, executes the second-level allocation;
4) and 3) carrying out layer-by-layer allocation to finally generate a multi-dimensional combined allocation result.
Further, the calculation formula of the first layer apportionment is as follows:
CostWD2-i＝CostWD1-1*(ValueWD2-i/∑ValueWD2-i)；
in the formula, CostWD1-1The indirect cost to be amortized for dimension 1; valueWD2-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 2 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD2-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 2, CostWD2-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object in dimension 2;
the calculation formula of the second layer apportionment is as follows:
CostWD3-i＝CostWD2-i*(ValueWD3-i/∑ValueWD3-i)；
in the formula, CostWD2-iApportioning the cost to the ith object in dimension 2 for the first level; valueWD3-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 3 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD3-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 3, CostWD3-iTo amortize the cost over the ith object in dimension 3.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through a computer processing method, direct cost and indirect cost identification, collection and allocation processing can be automatically carried out on preset cost data, and a multi-dimensional combined cost allocation result is generated;
2. the invention realizes that cost accounting elements are reflected according to multidimensional combinations such as products or services, and the value flow direction of direct and indirect cost of each department and each production link in an enterprise is constructed;
3. the invention can efficiently, accurately, comprehensively and visually construct the value flow of direct and indirect cost of each department and each production link in an enterprise, and can better assist the product production and operation activities of the enterprise.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multidimensional combination cost apportionment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a tree structure diagram of a multidimensional cost sharing model in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a multi-dimensional combined cost apportionment method in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multidimensional cost allocation model of a power grid enterprise in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention.
The first embodiment,
The embodiment discloses a multidimensional combined cost apportionment device, as shown in fig. 1, which is characterized by comprising a multidimensional apportionment model generation module, a to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module, a multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module and a multidimensional cost apportionment summary module;
the multi-dimensional apportionment model generation module is used for establishing an incidence relation and a cost data flow direction between multi-dimensional cost objects corresponding to the cost elements according to the product or service categories of the enterprise and establishing a multi-dimensional cost apportionment model; the multi-dimensional cost object comprises business activities, products served by the business activities, equipment types related to production of the products and the like;
the system comprises a to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module, a cost data storage module and a cost data allocation module, wherein the to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module is used for importing cost data from an external system or a file in batches, and extracting direct collection cost data and to-be-apportioned cost data from the imported cost data according to the cost element plus the cost object dimension;
the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module is used for performing apportionment calculation on the cost data to be apportioned layer by layer according to the constructed multidimensional cost apportionment model and outputting multidimensional combined apportionment data of the cost to be apportioned;
and the multidimensional cost allocation and summarization module is used for summarizing the directly collected cost data and multidimensional combined allocation data of the cost to be allocated and outputting a multidimensional cost allocation and summarization list of the cost data.
In this embodiment, the multidimensional apportionment model generation module includes a cost object establishment sub-module, an apportionment path establishment sub-module, and a tree apportionment model establishment sub-module;
the cost object establishing submodule is used for extracting a multi-dimensional cost object corresponding to the cost element from an input enterprise management object type table and determining the allocation priority of the cost object of each dimension;
according to the format of an input enterprise management object type table, sequentially extracting text data in the table from the first to the last, from the top to the bottom and from the left to the right, and extracting text data containing the same keywords as the set keywords to serve as a cost object dimension;
when the cost object is extracted from the management object type table of the enterprise to be multidimensional, setting the allocation priority of each cost object dimension; the system defaults to use the sequence of the extraction of the cost objects as the apportionment priority, and the apportionment priority of each cost object dimension can be adjusted by moving the cost object dimension upwards and downwards.
More specifically, the cost object dimension is a product or service category provided by an enterprise; the cost object dimension is a cost associated with the cost data, and the cost object dimension is a cost associated with the cost data.
The cost object creation submodule outputs information as in table 1.
TABLE 1
The apportionment path establishing submodule is used for establishing a cross-dimension cost apportionment path list according to an apportionment standard according to the cost benefit relation among the multi-dimension cost objects;
specifically, the apportionment path list includes a path ID, a path name, a cost element, a cost sender type, a cost sender, a cost receiver type, a cost receiver, and an apportionment criterion.
A path ID for recording the uniqueness of the apportioned path;
the path name is used for recording the Chinese display name of the apportionment path;
the cost element is selected from an accounting title table, and the accounting title table is a title for financial bookkeeping. The method supports the establishment of a multi-layer apportionment path for the same cost element; each layer of the multi-layer apportionment path comprises a cost sender and a cost receiver;
more specifically, in the apportionment path, the cost receiver of the upper layer path serves as the cost sender of the lower layer path; the sender and the receiver in the apportionment path are both selected from the cost object dimension value list of the cost object establishing submodule, each cost object dimension in the cost object dimension value list has a specific dimension value, for example, products a, b and c are provided, the sender can select a specific department A, and the receiver can select a specific product a, b and c, which indicates that the cost of the department A needs to be apportioned to the product a, the product b and the product c. And the sender and the receiver are supported to select different types of cost object dimension values, and a multi-dimensional cost allocation path across dimensions is formed.
The cost object dimension value list is shown in Table 2
TABLE 2
The cost sender type is selected from a cost object dimension list of a cost object establishing submodule and is used for recording the starting cost object dimension of the current apportionment path;
and the cost sender is a specific cost object to be apportioned and is selected from a cost object dimension value list corresponding to the type of the cost sender, and the cost object dimension value list is shown as a table 2.
The cost receiver type is selected from a cost object dimension list of a cost object establishing submodule and is used for recording the end point cost object dimension of the current apportionment path;
the cost receiver is a beneficial cost object of the current apportionment path and is selected from a cost object dimension value list corresponding to the type of the cost receiver, and the cost object dimension value list is shown as a table 2;
and the allocation standard is a preset allocation cause index. The method is used for recording the allocation cause indexes adopted by the current allocation paths. The allocation cause index is a main factor influencing the cost change and is a basis for carrying out cost allocation calculation.
The apportionment path establishment sub-module outputs information as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
And the tree-shaped apportionment model establishing submodule is used for establishing an apportionment model of a tree-shaped structure layer by layer according to the apportionment priority of the cost object and the cost apportionment path list.
The sender and the receiver of each cross-layer apportionment path form a parent-child relationship; and establishing a cross-layer cost allocation rule tree structure and a multi-dimensional tree-shaped allocation model according to the allocation priority sequence of the multi-dimensional cost objects, as shown in figure 2.
In this embodiment, the to-be-apportioned cost obtaining module includes a data importing sub-module, a matching extracting sub-module, a data identifying sub-module and a data outputting module;
the data import submodule is used for importing cost data in batches from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format; the format of the cost data collection interface file is shown in table 4, and the cost data collection interface file comprises text information including cost elements, multi-dimensional cost objects, cost benefit relations and amounts;
| serial number | Cost factor | WD1 | WD2 | WD3 | …… | WDi | Directions of loan | Amount of occurrence |
TABLE 4
The matching extraction submodule is used for matching text information in the data collection interface file with text information in the multidimensional cost apportionment model, and extracting cost data which comprise the same key words of the cost elements and the same key words of the cost objects in the multidimensional cost apportionment model from the data collection interface file;
the data identification submodule is used for carrying out classification identification on the extracted cost data, and the cost data with values for the dimensions of the extracted cost objects are identified as 'direct collection cost'; identifying cost data with null dimensions for the extracted cost object as "cost to be amortized";
the data information after data identification is shown in table 5
TABLE 5
The data output module is used for capturing the data marked as the cost to be apportioned and outputting the data to the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module; and the data output multidimensional cost sharing and summarizing module which is marked as the direct collection cost is captured.
In this embodiment, the performing, in the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module, apportionment calculation on the data identified as the cost to be apportioned includes:
1) matching the cost element name of the tree-shaped apportionment model according to the cost element name of the cost data to be apportioned identified, and finding the apportionment model of the cost element;
2) matching nodes on the rule tree by using the cost object dimension value with the highest apportionment priority of the cost data to be apportioned, and skipping the node apportionment rule if a receiver of the node has a value on the cost object dimension of the cost to be apportioned, without executing apportionment; if the receiver of the node has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be apportioned, the first layer of apportionment is executed from the node, and the apportionment calculation formula of the first record to be apportioned in the example table 5 is as follows:
CostWD2-i＝CostWD1-1*(ValueWD2-i/∑ValueWD2-i)； (1)
wherein: costWD1-1To amortize the cost, the cost is defined by WD1-1 (specific object of dimension 1), but not WD2, WD3 …WDi；ValueWD2-iThe motion factor index Value of the ith object with WD2 (dimension 2) as the receiver of the apportionmentWD2-iSum of the momentum index values for all objects with WD2 (dimension 2) as receiver of contribution, CostWD2-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object of WD2 (dimension 2);
the first cost to be amortized in table 5 is based on the multidimensional combinatorial amortization result generated by equation (1) as shown in table 6 below:
TABLE 6
3) The system takes a multidimensional combination allocation result generated by the first-level allocation as the cost to be allocated, executes the second-level allocation, the second-level allocation adopts an allocation rule as a sub-node rule under the allocation rule adopted by the first-level allocation, similarly, the system needs to detect whether a receiver of the sub-node rule has a value on the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, if not, executes the second-level allocation, and the allocation calculation formula is as follows:
CostWD3-i＝CostWD2-i*(ValueWD3-i/∑ValueWD3-i) (2)
wherein: costWD2-iRecording the amount of the ith contribution generated by the first-level contribution; valueWD3-iThe motion factor index Value of the ith object with WD3 (dimension 3) as the receiver of the apportionmentWD3-iSum the momentum index values for all objects with WD3 (dimension 3) as receiver of contribution, CostWD3-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object of WD3 (dimension 3);
the first cost to be amortized in table 5 yields the results of the amortization based on equation (2) as shown in table 7 below:
| serial number | Cost factor | WD1 | WD2 | WD3 | WDi | Amortization of |
| 1 | Maintenance fee | WD1-1 | WD2-i | WD3-i | CostWD3-i |
TABLE 7
4) And (3) performing layer-by-layer allocation according to the step 3), and performing the allocation of the ith layer, wherein the multidimensional combined allocation result finally generated by the first cost to be allocated in the table 5 is as follows:
| serial number | Cost factor | WD1 | WD2 | WD3 | WDi | Amortization of |
| 1 | Maintenance fee | WD1-1 | WD2-i | WD3-i | WDi-i | CostWDi-i |
TABLE 8
In this embodiment, the multidimensional cost apportionment and summarization module is configured to summarize and output multidimensional combined summarized data of each cost element according to the direct aggregation cost captured by the to-be-apportioned cost obtaining module and the multidimensional combined cost apportionment result generated by the to-be-apportioned cost through the apportionment calculation program, and the multidimensional combined summarized data are classified and output according to the cost element + the dimension of the cost object, as shown in table 9:
TABLE 9
In summary, the multidimensional combined cost apportionment device provided in this embodiment imports cost data from an external system or a file in batch based on an established multidimensional apportionment model, performs fast cross-dimensional cost apportionment calculation, realizes that cost accounting elements are reflected according to multidimensional combinations such as products or services, and constructs value flow directions of direct and indirect costs of each department and each production link inside an enterprise, so as to intuitively, accurately and comprehensively reflect production cost, and better assist product pricing and related production operation decisions.
Example II,
The embodiment discloses a multidimensional combination cost apportionment method, as shown in fig. 3, including the following steps:
step S1, establishing a multidimensional cost apportionment model: establishing an incidence relation and a cost data flow direction between multi-dimensional cost objects corresponding to the cost elements according to the product or service categories of the enterprise to form a multi-dimensional cost apportionment model;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, selecting a cost object dimension from a management object type table of an enterprise, and setting the allocation priority of the cost object dimension;
specifically, in step S101, the cost object dimension is a product or service class provided by the enterprise, and is referred to from a management object type table (i.e., DXLX database table) of the enterprise; when a plurality of cost object dimensions are introduced, the system defaults to use the sequence introduced by the cost objects as the apportionment priority, and the apportionment priority of each cost object dimension can be adjusted by moving the cost object dimension upwards and downwards.
Step S102, establishing cost apportionment paths among multiple dimensions according to cost benefit relations among dimensions of cost objects;
s103, constructing a multi-dimensional cost allocation model according to the cost allocation path;
in step S103, a cross-dimensional cost allocation path tree structure is sequentially established from top to bottom according to the parent-child relationship between the sender and the receiver in the rules defined by the cost element, and a multi-dimensional cost allocation model is established.
Step S2, acquiring cost to be shared: importing cost data in batches from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format, and dividing the cost data into direct collection cost data and cost data to be shared;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S201, importing cost data from an external system or files in batches according to a preset cost data collection interface file format;
the format of the cost data collection interface file is shown in table 4 in embodiment one.
Step S202, matching text information in the data collection interface file with text information in the multidimensional cost apportionment model, and extracting cost data which comprise the same key elements and key words of cost objects in the multidimensional cost apportionment model from the data collection interface file;
step S203, carrying out classification identification on the extracted cost data, and identifying the cost data with values in the dimensions of the extracted cost objects as 'direct collection cost'; identifying cost data with null dimensions for the extracted cost object as "cost to be amortized";
the data information after data identification is shown in table 5 in embodiment one.
Step S204, capturing the data marked as the cost to be apportioned for multidimensional cost apportionment calculation; and capturing the data marked as the direct aggregation cost for multidimensional cost sharing and summarization.
Step S3, multidimensional cost apportionment calculation: and according to the constructed multidimensional cost allocation model, performing allocation calculation on the cost data to be allocated in the input production cost layer by layer, and outputting a multidimensional combination allocation result of the production cost.
The multidimensional cost allocation calculation program is carried out step by step according to the following steps:
s301, matching the cost element name of the tree-shaped apportionment model according to the cost element name of the cost data to be apportioned, and finding the apportionment rule tree of the cost element;
step S302, matching nodes on a rule tree by using a cost object dimension value with the highest apportionment priority of the cost data to be apportioned, and skipping the node apportionment rule if a receiver of the node has a value on the cost object dimension of the cost to be apportioned, without executing apportionment; if the receiver of the node has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be apportioned, executing first-layer apportionment from the node, wherein the apportionment calculation formula is as follows:
CostWD2-i＝CostWD1-1*(ValueWD2-i/∑ValueWD2-i)； (1)
wherein: costWD1-1Is to be treatedAn apportioned indirect cost that is explicit in WD1-1 (a specific object of dimension 1), but not in WD2, WD3 … WDi; valueWD2-iThe motion factor index Value of the ith object with WD2 (dimension 2) as the receiver of the apportionmentWD2-iSum of the momentum index values for all objects with WD2 (dimension 2) as receiver of contribution, CostWD2-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object of WD2 (dimension 2);
step S303, the system uses an apportionment result generated by the first-level apportionment as the cost to be apportioned, and executes the second-level apportionment, where the second-level apportionment uses an apportionment rule as a child node rule under the apportionment rule used by the first-level apportionment, and similarly, the system needs to detect that the receiver of the child node rule has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be apportioned, and if there is no value, executes the second-level apportionment, and the apportionment calculation formula is as follows:
CostWD3-i＝CostWD2-i*(ValueWD3-i/∑ValueWD3-i) (2)
wherein: costWD2-iRecording the amount of the ith contribution generated by the first-level contribution; valueWD3-iThe motion factor index Value of the ith object with WD3 (dimension 3) as the receiver of the apportionmentWD3-iSum the momentum index values for all objects with WD3 (dimension 3) as receiver of contribution, CostWD3-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object of WD3 (dimension 3);
and step S304, performing layer-by-layer allocation according to the step S303, executing the allocation of the ith layer, and generating a multi-dimensional combined allocation result.
Step S4, multidimensional cost sharing and summarizing: and (4) according to the direct aggregation cost obtained by the cost to be allocated in the step (S2) and the multidimensional combined cost allocation result generated by the allocation calculation program of the cost to be allocated in the step (S3), classifying and summarizing according to the dimension of the cost element plus the cost object, and outputting the multidimensional combined summarized data of each cost element.
To sum up, in this embodiment, based on the established multidimensional allocation model, cost data is imported from an external system or a file in batch, and fast cross-dimensional cost allocation calculation is performed, so that cost accounting elements are reflected according to multidimensional combinations such as products or services, direct and indirect value flow directions of various departments and various production links inside an enterprise are established, the purpose of reflecting production cost intuitively, accurately and comprehensively is achieved, and product pricing and related production and operation decisions are better assisted.
Example III,
The embodiment discloses a data processing method based on multi-dimensional cost allocation for a power grid enterprise mainly providing power transmission and distribution service, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, establishing a multi-dimensional cost allocation model;
the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
s101, selecting a cost object dimension from management objects of an enterprise, and setting an allocation priority of the cost object dimension;
the production cost accounting dimensionality of the power grid enterprise is as follows: traffic activity (WD1), voltage class (WD2), asset type (WD 3).
Step S102, establishing cost apportionment paths among multiple dimensions according to cost benefit relations among dimensions of cost objects;
depending on the benefit of the power transmission and distribution costs, a contribution path (example) as shown in table 10 is established:
watch 10
And S103, establishing a tree-shaped apportionment model, wherein the cost receiver of the first-layer apportionment path can be used as the cost sender of the second-layer apportionment path, the system takes the cost element as a unique index, and a cross-dimensional cost apportionment model tree structure is sequentially established according to the parent-child relationship of the sender and the receiver in the plurality of apportionment paths defined for the cost element and is used for apportionment calculation in the step S4.
Specifically, an allocation model constructed according to the allocation paths in table 10 is shown in fig. 4, where a sender of a first-layer allocation path of the allocation model is power transmission operation inspection of a service activity dimension, and a receiver includes 500kV and more, 220kV, and 110kV of a voltage class dimension; the sender of the second layer of apportionment path comprises 500kV or more, 220kV and 110kV of voltage class dimensionality; and the receivers of the second layer of shared paths are overhead transmission lines and cable transmission lines with asset type dimensions.
Step S2, importing cost data in batch from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format, and dividing the cost data into direct collection cost data and cost data to be shared;
and capturing cost data of each cost element from the cost data collection interface file according to the cost element and the dimension of the cost object, wherein the cost data with the null dimension value of the captured cost object is the cost to be allocated of the dimension of the cost object, the allocation mark of the cost to be allocated is ' cost to be allocated ', and the data of the cost to be allocated ' enters a cost allocation calculation program for allocation. The grid enterprise cost to be amortized data column represents, for example, table 11:
TABLE 11
Step S3, according to the constructed multidimensional cost allocation model, performing allocation calculation on the cost data to be allocated in the input production cost layer by layer, and outputting multidimensional combined allocation data of the production cost;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the system acquires an allocation model of the cost element according to the cost element, as shown in FIG. 4;
(3) the system matches the dimension 'business activity ═ power transmission operation inspection' of the generation of the production cost data with the nodes on the apportionment model. The apportionment rule corresponding to the root node is the first rule in table 10, the receiver is the voltage level dimension, the median of the production cost data of the dimension in table 11 is null, the system executes the first-level apportionment, and the apportionment calculation formula is as follows:
Costvoltage class i＝CostBusiness activity*(ValueVoltage class i/∑ValueVoltage class i) (3)
Wherein: cost business activity is the Cost to be allocated for the business activity dimension; value voltage level i is the original Value of each voltage level, Σ Value voltage level i is the sum of the original values of each voltage level, and Cost voltage level i is the Cost allocated to each voltage level.
The assets for each voltage class in the example are as follows:
| serial number | Voltage class | Asset |
| 1 | 500kV and above | 2,000,000.00 |
| 2 | 220kV | 3,000,000.00 |
| 3 | 110kV | 5,000,000.00 |
TABLE 12
The results of the first-level multidimensional combined apportionment produced by equation (3) are shown in Table 13 below:
watch 13
(4) The system takes the apportionment result generated by the first-level apportionment as the to-be-apportioned cost, executes the second-level apportionment, the second-level apportionment adopts the apportionment path as the child node rule (in the example, the 2 nd apportionment rule of table 10) under the apportionment path adopted by the first-level apportionment, the receiver of the second-level apportionment adopts the asset type dimension, the median of the production cost data of the dimension in table 13 is empty, the system executes the second-level apportionment, the apportionment calculation formula is as follows, and the apportionment calculation formula is as follows:
Costasset type i＝CostVoltage class*(ValueAsset type i/∑ValueAsset type i) (4)
Wherein: costVoltage classThe cost of the generated business activity + voltage grade dimensionality is apportioned for the first level; valueAsset type iFor asset raw Value, sigma Value, for each asset typeAsset type iSum the original value of each asset typeAsset type iTo amortize the cost over each asset type.
The original asset values for each asset type in the example are as follows in table 14:
| serial number | Asset type | Asset |
| 1 | Overhead transmission line | 3,000,000.00 |
| 2 | Cable transmission line | 2,000,000.00 |
TABLE 14
The second level of multi-dimensional combined apportionment results produced by equation (4) are shown in Table 15 below:
watch 15
And step S4, directly collecting the cost data and the multi-dimensional combined apportionment data of the cost to be apportioned according to the cost element and the cost object dimension classification, and outputting the multi-dimensional combined aggregated data of each cost element in the cost data.
The multidimensional cost allocation method provided by the embodiment is based on the established multidimensional allocation model, carries out rapid cross-dimensional cost allocation calculation on cost data imported from an external system or a file in batches, realizes that cost accounting elements are reflected according to multidimensional combinations such as products or services, and constructs the value flow direction of direct and indirect costs of each department and each production link in an enterprise, so that the aim of intuitively, accurately and comprehensively reflecting the production cost is fulfilled, and product pricing and related production and operation decisions are better assisted.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-dimensional combined cost apportionment device is characterized by comprising,
the multi-dimensional allocation model generation module is used for establishing an incidence relation and a cost data flow direction between multi-dimensional cost objects corresponding to the cost elements and establishing a multi-dimensional cost allocation model;
the system comprises a to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module, a cost data analysis module and a cost data analysis module, wherein the to-be-apportioned cost acquisition module is used for importing cost data from an external system or a file in batches, and extracting direct collection cost data and to-be-apportioned cost data from the imported cost data according to cost elements and cost object dimensions;
the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module is used for performing apportionment calculation on the cost data to be apportioned layer by layer according to the constructed multidimensional cost apportionment model and outputting multidimensional combined apportionment data of the cost to be apportioned;
and the multidimensional cost allocation and summarization module is used for summarizing the directly collected cost data and the multidimensional combined allocation data of the cost to be allocated and outputting a multidimensional cost allocation and summarization list of the cost data.
2. The cost sharing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the multidimensional sharing model generating module comprises a cost object establishing sub-module, a sharing path establishing sub-module, and a tree-like sharing model establishing sub-module;
the cost object establishing submodule is used for extracting a multi-dimensional cost object corresponding to the cost element from an input enterprise management object type table and determining the allocation priority of each dimension cost object;
the apportionment path establishing submodule is used for establishing a cross-dimension cost apportionment path list according to an apportionment standard according to the cost benefit relation among the multi-dimension cost objects;
and the tree-shaped apportionment model establishing submodule is used for establishing an apportionment model of a tree-shaped structure layer by layer according to the apportionment priority of the cost object and the cost apportionment path list.
3. The cost sharing device according to claim 1, wherein the to-be-shared cost obtaining module comprises a data importing sub-module, a matching extracting sub-module, a data identification sub-module and a data output module;
the data import submodule is used for importing cost data in batches from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format; the cost data collection interface file comprises text information including cost elements, multi-dimensional cost objects, cost benefit relations and amounts;
the matching extraction submodule is used for matching text information in the data collection interface file with text information in the multidimensional cost apportionment model, and extracting cost data which comprise the same key words of the cost elements and the same key words of the cost objects in the multidimensional cost apportionment model from the data collection interface file;
the data identification submodule is used for carrying out classification identification on the extracted cost data, and the cost data with values for the dimensions of the extracted cost objects are identified as 'direct collection cost'; identifying cost data with null dimensions for the extracted cost object as "cost to be amortized";
and the data output module is used for outputting the data marked as the cost to be apportioned to the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module.
4. The cost sharing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the share computation in the multi-dimensional cost share computation module comprises:
1) matching the cost element name of the tree-shaped apportionment model according to the cost element name of the cost data to be apportioned identified, and finding the apportionment model of the cost element;
2) matching nodes on the rule tree by using the cost object dimension value with the highest apportionment priority of the cost data to be apportioned, and skipping the node apportionment rule if a receiver of the node has a value on the cost object dimension of the cost to be apportioned, without executing apportionment; if the receiver of the node has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, executing first-layer allocation from the node;
3) taking a multi-dimensional combined allocation result generated by the first-level allocation as a cost to be allocated, executing second-level allocation, wherein the second-level allocation adopts an allocation rule as a sub-node rule under the allocation rule adopted by the first-level allocation, a system needs to detect whether a receiver of the sub-node rule has a value in the dimension of a cost object of the cost to be allocated, and if the receiver does not have the value, executing second-level allocation;
4) and 3) performing layer-by-layer allocation according to the step 3), and finally generating a multi-dimensional combined allocation result.
5. The cost sharing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the first layer sharing is:
CostWD2-i＝CostWD1-1*(ValueWD2-i/∑ValueWD2-i)；
in the formula, CostWD1-1The indirect cost to be amortized for dimension 1; valueWD2-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 2 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD2-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 2, CostWD2-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object in dimension 2;
the calculation formula of the second layer apportionment is as follows:
CostWD3-i＝CostWD2-i*(ValueWD3-i/∑ValueWD3-i)；
in the formula, CostWD2-iApportioning the cost to the ith object in dimension 2 for the first level; valueWD3-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 3 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD3-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 3, CostWD3-iTo amortize the cost over the ith object in dimension 3.
6. A multidimensional combination cost apportionment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing an incidence relation and a cost data flow direction between multi-dimensional cost objects corresponding to the cost elements according to the product or service categories of the enterprise, and forming a multi-dimensional cost apportionment model;
step S2, importing cost data in batch from an external system or a file according to a preset cost data collection interface file format, and dividing the cost data into direct collection cost data and cost data to be shared;
step S3, according to the constructed multidimensional cost allocation model, performing allocation calculation on the cost data to be allocated in the input production cost layer by layer, and outputting multidimensional combined allocation data of the production cost;
and step S4, directly collecting the cost data and the multi-dimensional combined apportionment data of the cost to be apportioned according to the cost element and the cost object dimension classification, and outputting the multi-dimensional combined aggregated data of each cost element in the cost data.
7. The cost sharing method according to claim 6, wherein the step S1 specifically includes:
s101, selecting a cost object dimension from a management object type table of an enterprise, and setting the allocation priority of the cost object dimension;
step S102, establishing cost apportionment paths among multiple dimensions according to cost benefit relations among dimensions of cost objects;
and S103, constructing a multi-dimensional cost allocation model according to the cost allocation path.
8. The cost sharing method according to claim 6, wherein the step S2 specifically includes:
step S201, importing cost data from an external system or files in batches according to a preset cost data collection interface file format;
step S202, matching text information in the data collection interface file with text information in the multidimensional cost apportionment model, and extracting cost data which comprise the same key elements and key words of cost objects in the multidimensional cost apportionment model from the data collection interface file;
step S203, carrying out classification identification on the extracted cost data, and identifying the cost data with values in the dimensions of the extracted cost objects as 'direct collection cost'; identifying cost data with null dimensions for the extracted cost object as "cost to be amortized";
and step S204, outputting the data marked as the cost to be apportioned to the multidimensional cost apportionment calculation module.
9. The cost sharing method according to claim 6,
the multidimensional cost allocation calculation program is carried out step by step according to the following steps:
1) matching the cost element name of the tree-shaped apportionment model according to the cost element name of the cost data to be apportioned, and finding an apportionment rule tree of the cost element;
2) matching nodes on the rule tree by using the cost object dimension value with the highest apportionment priority of the cost data to be apportioned, and skipping the node apportionment rule if a receiver of the node has a value on the cost object dimension of the cost to be apportioned, without executing apportionment; if the receiver of the node has no value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, executing first-layer allocation from the node;
3) the system takes an allocation result generated by the first-level allocation as the cost to be allocated, executes the second-level allocation, the second-level allocation adopts an allocation rule as a sub-node rule under the allocation rule adopted by the first-level allocation, similarly, the system needs to detect whether a receiver of the sub-node rule has a value in the dimension of the cost object of the cost to be allocated, and if the receiver does not have the value, executes the second-level allocation;
4) and 3) carrying out layer-by-layer allocation to finally generate a multi-dimensional combined allocation result.
10. The cost sharing method according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the first layer sharing is:
CostWD2-i＝CostWD1-1*(ValueWD2-i/∑ValueWD2-i)；
in the formula, CostWD1-1The indirect cost to be amortized for dimension 1; valueWD2-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 2 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD2-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 2, CostWD2-iTo the cost amortized over the ith object in dimension 2;
the calculation formula of the second layer apportionment is as follows:
CostWD3-i＝CostWD2-i*(ValueWD3-i/∑ValueWD3-i)；
in the formula, CostWD2-iApportioning the cost to the ith object in dimension 2 for the first level; valueWD3-iFor the Value of the actor index of the ith object of dimension 3 as the receiver of the share, Σ ValueWD3-iSum of the motion factor index values for all objects in dimension 3, CostWD3-iTo amortize the cost over the ith object in dimension 3.
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