CN101617935B - Method and system for wide-spectrum and high-resolution detection based on space-time light splitting in OCT - Google Patents
Method and system for wide-spectrum and high-resolution detection based on space-time light splitting in OCT Download PDFInfo
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- CN101617935B CN101617935B CN2009101009727A CN200910100972A CN101617935B CN 101617935 B CN101617935 B CN 101617935B CN 2009101009727 A CN2009101009727 A CN 2009101009727A CN 200910100972 A CN200910100972 A CN 200910100972A CN 101617935 B CN101617935 B CN 101617935B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for wide-spectrum and high-resolution detection based on space-time light splitting in OCT. Low-coherence lights emitted from a broadband light source enter a broadband optical fiber coupler through an optical isolator, and respectively enter a scanning probe and a reference arm after light splitting by the coupler. The returned lights generate interference in the broadband optical fiber coupler, a detection arm detects interference signals after the interference signals are decomposed into different spectral components, and then the interference signals are sent to a computer so as to reconstruct a sample image. In the detection arm, interference spectral signals firstly pass through a time domain light splitting device with low resolution and wide free spectrum range, then pass through a space domain light splitting device with high resolution and narrow free spectrum range, and then are detected by a spectrum imaging system. On the premise of satisfying the requirement of high spectrum resolution, the invention can reduce a visual field of the spectrum imaging system, and solves the problems of field curvature, spectrum interference and the like existing during large visual field spectrum imaging, thereby spectral domain OCT imaging with high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical coherent chromatographic imaging (OCT) technology, relate in particular among a kind of OCT system based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting.
Background technology
Optical coherent chromatographic imaging (Optical Coherence Tomography is called for short OCT) can be implemented noncontact, not damaged, the high-resolution imaging in vivo of live body internal organizational structure and physiological function, has a wide range of applications in the biomedical imaging field.
Present spectral coverage OCT system comes the spectral components of parallel acquisition interference signal by high speed linear array CCD, need not the depth information that axial scan just can obtain sample, has quick and highly sensitive characteristics, and its system core is the rapid spectrometer in the feeler arm.In the OCT system, the axial resolution of system is to be inversely proportional to the light source bandwidth, and the light source bandwidth is wide more, and corresponding coherence length is just short more, and axial resolution is just high more.In subjects such as ophthalmology, skin, tumor, the medical image of ultrahigh resolution (2-3um) has significance to clinical disease diagnosis.Therefore, spectral coverage OCT must adopt the more light source of wide spectral range, and the grating spectrograph of feeler arm must be surveyed wideer spectral component simultaneously, could improve the axial resolution of system.External a lot of scientific research institution has all carried out the research of this respect, N.A.Nassif group as U.S. Harvard Medical School has made up the centre wavelength based on 890nm, the ultrahigh resolution spectral coverage OCT system of the SLD of bandwidth 150nm (super luminescence diode) light source, axial resolution is 2.9um; The J.G.Fujimoto group of masschusetts, u.s.a science and engineering has made up the centre wavelength based on 850nm, the super spectral coverage OCT of the ultrahigh resolution of the femto-second laser of bandwidth 144nm system, and axial resolution is 2.1um.Feeler arm part in ultrahigh resolution spectral coverage OCT system, traditional method is to adopt the line array CCD of more pixel counts to survey more spectral components, perhaps survey wideer spectral region based on the line array CCD of limited pixel count, but the spectral resolution of sacrificial light spectrometer.Because the increase of line array CCD pixel count means the increase of visual field, unless the optical imaging system that design is complicated more, otherwise serious curvature of field phenomenon inevitably can appear in (CCD photosurface) on image planes, simultaneously because spectral region is too wide, dispersion phenomenon is serious, causes the focal position difference of different color light, makes spectrogrph to separate various coloured light fully and introduces crosstalk (cross-talk), survey signal to noise ratio and descend then that system axial resolution descends, finally reduced image quality.And the spectral resolution that reduces spectrogrph means the reduction of the spectral coverage OCT imaging degree of depth.Therefore, how making grating spectrograph high-resolution ground measure broader spectral region under the situation of limited imaging viewing field is big technological difficulties of ultrahigh resolution spectral coverage OCT system development.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technological difficulties, the object of the present invention is to provide among a kind of OCT system based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting, feeler arm part in the spectral coverage OCT system of ultrahigh resolution adopts the structure of time domain and the beam split of spatial domain two-stage to realize that the ultra broadband spectrum of high spectral resolution surveys.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
One, among a kind of OCT based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting:
Feeler arm in the spectral coverage OCT system adopts time domain and the beam split of spatial domain two-stage, realizes that the broadband spectral high-resolution of spectral coverage OCT is surveyed; Its concrete steps are as follows:
1) in the feeler arm of spectral coverage OCT system, pass through acousto-optic modulator (the acousto-optic tunable filter that Free Spectral Range is big, spectral resolution is low earlier, AOTF) carry out first order beam split on the time domain as the one-level light-splitting device, broadband spectral is divided into the sequence narrow-band spectrum in time exports successively;
2) in the feeler arm of spectral coverage OCT system, after the one-level light-splitting device, carry out second level beam split by spectral resolution height, the narrow spatial domain light-splitting device of Free Spectral Range again, will on spatial domain, implement further beam split from the sequence narrow-band spectrum of acousto-optic modulator; Spatial domain light-splitting device virtual image phased array (Virtual Imaged PhasedArray, Free Spectral Range VIPA) is greater than the spectral resolution of acousto-optic modulator;
3) in the feeler arm of spectral coverage OCT system, utilize the spectrum behind the two-stage light-splitting device space-time light splitting, implement light spectrum image-forming and parallel detecting by the spectrum imaging system of forming by condenser lens and high speed linear array CCD.
Two, among a kind of OCT based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection system of space-time light splitting:
The present invention includes wideband light source, optoisolator, broadband optical fiber coupler, four Polarization Controllers, reference arm, scanheads and feeler arms; The low-coherent light that comes out from wideband light source, incide broadband optical fiber coupler through first Polarization Controller, optoisolator, one the tunnel enters scanheads through second Polarization Controller after beam split, another Lu Jingdi three Polarization Controllers enter reference arm, after the light that returns is interfered in broadband optical fiber coupler, through the 4th Polarization Controller, enter feeler arm interference signal is resolved into spectral signal, last these spectral signals import computer into, handle at computer, by the inverse Fourier transform reconstructed image.Described feeler arm: comprise acousto-optic modulator, first collimating lens, cylindrical focusing lens, virtual image phased array, first condenser lens and high speed linear array CCD; Interference light is earlier by behind the acousto-optic modulator that Free Spectral Range is big, spectral resolution is low, through first collimating lens and cylindrical focusing lens, incide a spectral resolution height, the narrow virtual image phased array of Free Spectral Range, carry out parallel detecting by the first condenser lens imaging and high speed linear array CCD again, realize that the wide spectrum high-resolution of spectral coverage OCT is measured.
Described scanheads: comprise the 3rd collimating lens, scanning galvanometer and second condenser lens; Behind second Polarization Controller, the 3rd collimating lens, scanning galvanometer and second condenser lens, shine sample through the light after the broadband optical fiber coupler beam split, return through second Polarization Controller to broadband optical fiber coupler by former road.
Described reference arm: comprise second collimating lens, dispersion compensator, neutral colour filter and plane mirror; Light after the broadband optical fiber coupler beam split is returned through the 3rd Polarization Controller to broadband optical fiber coupler by former road through the 3rd Polarization Controller, second collimating lens, dispersion compensator, neutral colour filter and plane mirror.
Described feeler arm: form by acousto-optic modulator, first collimating lens, cylindrical focusing lens, virtual image phased array, first condenser lens and high speed linear array CCD; Acousto-optic modulator big by Free Spectral Range, that spectral resolution is low carries out the first order beam split on the time domain earlier, broadband spectral is divided into the sequence narrow-band spectrum in time exports successively.Through first collimating lens and cylindrical focusing lens, incide a spectral resolution height, the narrow virtual image phased array of Free Spectral Range carries out the second level beam split on the spatial domain from the sequence narrow-band spectrum of acousto-optic modulator outgoing.The Free Spectral Range of virtual image phased array is greater than the spectral resolution of acousto-optic modulator, and it spatially carries out the high-resolution beam split with the sequence narrow-band spectrum of acousto-optic modulator output.Spectrum behind front and back stages light-splitting device space-time light splitting through the first condenser lens imaging, adopts high speed linear array CCD to carry out parallel detecting, realizes that the wide spectrum high-resolution of spectral coverage OCT is measured.Last these spectral signals import computer into, and implement processing reconstructed sample image such as inverse Fourier transform in computer.
Compare with background technology, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1, the two-stage beam split on time domain and spatial domain by acousto-optic modulator and virtual image phased array can realize that the broadband spectral of high spectral resolution is surveyed.Compare traditional grating spectrograph, spectral signal has obtained anticipating on time domain, has therefore reduced the visual field of CCD in the spectrum imaging system.Because imaging viewing field diminishes, can eliminate that spectrum that the spectrogrph of traditional spectral coverage OCT system exists is crosstalked and out of focus phenomenon that the curvature of field, distortion and the chromatic dispersion that exist during big visual field cause when big spectral region is surveyed, can significantly improve the signal to noise ratio of spectrographic detection.Simultaneously, because the light spectrum image-forming visual field reduce the easier realization miniaturization of whole spectrum investigating system and integrated.
2, because the acousto-optic modulator Free Spectral Range is very wide, the spectral resolution of virtual image phased array is very high, the space-time light splitting assembling device that both cascades form can be broken through the restricting relation of spectral region and spectral resolution in traditional imaging spectrometer, realizes that the high-resolution of broadband spectral is surveyed.
3, the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method and the system of the present invention's proposition also can be applied to other spectrographic detection application except being applied in the ultrahigh resolution spectral coverage OCT system, as astronomy, and elementary analysis, and in other spectrum imaging system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system structure principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of feeler arm of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sequential chart of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, wideband light source, 2, optoisolator, 3, broadband optical fiber coupler, 4, Polarization Controller, 5, collimating lens, 6, scanning galvanometer, 7, condenser lens, 8, sample, 9, collimating lens, 10, dispersion compensator, 11, neutral colour filter, 12, plane mirror, 13, acousto-optic modulator, 14, collimating lens, 15, cylindrical lens, 16, virtual image phased array, 17, condenser lens, 18, high speed linear array CCD, 19, reference arm, 20, scanheads, 21, feeler arm.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and exemplifying embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention includes wideband light source 1, optoisolator 2, broadband optical fiber coupler 3, four Polarization Controllers 4, reference arm 19, scanheads 20 and feeler arms 21.The low-coherent light that comes out from wideband light source 1, incide broadband optical fiber coupler 3 through first Polarization Controller 4, optoisolator 2, after beam split, one the tunnel enters scanheads 20 through second Polarization Controller 4, behind collimating lens 5, scanning galvanometer 6 and condenser lens 7, shine sample 8, return through second Polarization Controller 4 to broadband optical fiber coupler 3 by former road; Another Lu Jingdi three Polarization Controllers 4 enter reference arm 19, through collimating lens 9, dispersion compensator 10, neutral colour filter 11 and plane mirror 12, are returned through the 3rd Polarization Controller 4 to broadband optical fiber coupler 3 by former road.After the light that returns from scanheads 20 and reference arm 19 is interfered,, enter feeler arm 21 through the 4th Polarization Controller 4 broadband optical fiber coupler 3.
In feeler arm 21, interference light at first enters acousto-optic modulator 13, by the output frequency range of guide sound photomodulator, the optical signal in the whole broadband spectral scope is divided into the sequence narrow-band spectrum in time exports successively, realizes the beam split first time on the time domain.The narrow-band spectrum of acousto-optic modulator output, through collimating lens 14, incident cylindrical lens 15 is pooled straight line, converges on the lower surface of virtual image phased array 16, and the Free Spectral Range of virtual image phased array 16 is greater than the spectral resolution of acousto-optic modulator 13.Except incidence window, the upper surface of virtual image phased array 16 is coated with the reflectance coating of reflectance 100%, the whole reflected back lower surfaces of energy with the lower surface reflection, lower surface then is coated with highly reflecting films, the multiple reflection of upper and lower surface has formed a series of directional lights that focused on by cylindrical lens 15 and has converged the collinear virtual image that forms, i.e. virtual image array.Interfere with each other the effect that has produced the space beam split between these virtual images.Utilize the spectrum of front and back stages light-splitting device behind space-time light splitting, 17 imagings of line focus lens adopt high speed linear array CCD 18 to carry out spectrographic parallel detecting, thereby the high-resolution of realizing ultra broadband spectrum is measured.The measurement result of last these spectral signals is imported computer into, carries out processing such as inverse Fourier transform and rebuild sample image in computer.
As shown in Figure 3, in described feeler arm, be carried in rf frequency on the acousto-optic modulator 13 by control, change the output frequency range of acousto-optic modulator 13, optical signal in the whole broadband spectral scope is divided into the sequence narrow-band spectrum in time exports successively, realize the beam split first time on the time domain.Virtual image phased array 16 is done the beam split of further space to the arrowband output signal of each acousto-optic modulator 13, realizes the detection of wide spectrographic high-resolution time-space domain.
The effect of Polarization Controller 4 is polarization modes of being convenient to adjust each passage in the system, drops to minimumly with the influence with polarization mode dispersion, improves image quality.
The wide spectrum high-resolution detection method and the system of a kind of spectral coverage OCT disclosed by the invention, can be under the situation of limited visual field, ultra-wide spectrum is carried out high-resolution to be measured, thereby can realize the superelevation axial resolution of spectral coverage OCT, can improve simultaneously in traditional spectral coverage OCT system spectrum detection by degradation problem under the signal to noise ratio of curvature of field introducing and the axial resolution, significant in the spectrographic detection of ultrahigh resolution spectral coverage OCT, also can be used for the wide spectrum high-resolution detection system in other field.
Claims (4)
- Among the OCT based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting, it is characterized in that: the feeler arm in the spectral coverage OCT system adopts time domain and the beam split of spatial domain two-stage, realizes that the broadband spectral high-resolution of spectral coverage OCT is surveyed; Its concrete steps are as follows:1) in the feeler arm of spectral coverage OCT system, the acousto-optic modulator earlier big by Free Spectral Range, that spectral resolution is low carries out first order beam split on the time domain as the one-level light-splitting device, broadband spectral is divided into the sequence narrow-band spectrum in time exports successively;2) in the feeler arm of spectral coverage OCT system, after the one-level light-splitting device, carry out second level beam split by spectral resolution height, the narrow spatial domain light-splitting device of Free Spectral Range again, will on spatial domain, implement further beam split from the sequence narrow-band spectrum of acousto-optic modulator; The Free Spectral Range of spatial domain light-splitting device virtual image phased array is greater than the spectral resolution of acousto-optic modulator;3) in the feeler arm of spectral coverage OCT system, utilize the spectrum behind the two-stage light-splitting device space-time light splitting, implement light spectrum image-forming and parallel detecting by the spectrum imaging system of forming by condenser lens and high speed linear array CCD.
- 2. a system that implements among the described a kind of OCT of claim 1 based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting comprises wideband light source (1), optoisolator (2), broadband optical fiber coupler (3), four Polarization Controllers (4), reference arm (19), scanheads (20) and feeler arm (21); The low-coherent light that comes out from wideband light source (1), through first Polarization Controller (4), optoisolator (2) incides broadband optical fiber coupler (3), one the tunnel enters scanheads (20) through second Polarization Controller (4) after beam split, another Lu Jingdi three Polarization Controllers (4) enter reference arm (19), after the light that returns is interfered in broadband optical fiber coupler (3), through the 4th Polarization Controller (4), enter feeler arm (21) interference signal is resolved into spectral signal, last these spectral signals import computer into, handle at computer, by the inverse Fourier transform reconstructed image; It is characterized in that described feeler arm (21): comprise acousto-optic modulator (13), first collimating lens (14), cylindrical focusing lens (15), virtual image phased array (16), first condenser lens (17) and high speed linear array CCD (18); Interference light is earlier by behind the acousto-optic modulator (13) that Free Spectral Range is big, spectral resolution is low, through first collimating lens (14) and cylindrical focusing lens (15), incide a spectral resolution height, the narrow virtual image phased array (16) of Free Spectral Range, carry out parallel detecting by (17) imaging of first condenser lens and high speed linear array CCD (18) again, realize that the wide spectrum high-resolution of spectral coverage OCT is measured.
- 3. a kind of system that implements among the OCT based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described reference arm (19) comprises second collimating lens (9), dispersion compensator (10), neutral colour filter (11) and plane mirror (12); Light after beam split is returned through the 3rd Polarization Controller (4) to broadband optical fiber coupler (3) by former road from the 3rd Polarization Controller (4), through second collimating lens (9), dispersion compensator (10), neutral colour filter (11) and plane mirror (12).
- 4. a kind of system that implements among the OCT based on the wide spectrum high-resolution detection method of space-time light splitting according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described scanheads (20) comprises the 3rd collimating lens (5), scanning galvanometer (6) and second condenser lens (7); Behind the 3rd collimating lens (5), scanning galvanometer (6) and second condenser lens (7), shine sample (8) from second Polarization Controller (4) through the light after the beam split, return through second Polarization Controller (4) to broadband optical fiber coupler (3) by former road.
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| JP6247316B2 (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2017-12-13 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェＫｏｎｉｎｋｌｉｊｋｅ Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ Ｎ．Ｖ． | Imaging system with hyperspectral camera guide probe |
| CN103271721B (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-05 | 浙江大学 | Method and system for detecting parallel OCT based on spectrum coding and orthogonal light splitting |
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| CN108514404B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-08-10 | 深圳市太赫兹科技创新研究院 | Optical coherence tomography system |
| CN108535217A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-14 | 雄安华讯方舟科技有限公司 | optical coherence tomography system |
| CN109330558A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-15 | 执鼎医疗科技（杭州）有限公司 | For increasing the OCT system of fundus imaging range |
| CN110146467B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-06-02 | 清华大学 | Hyperspectral interference unmarked imaging method and living cell quantitative tomography system |
| CN111795753B (en) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-08-06 | 华南理工大学 | Ultrafast space-time frequency information real-time measurement method and system based on space-time frequency compression |
| CN112595679A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-04-02 | 季华实验室 | Spectral domain optical coherence tomography measurement system and measurement method |
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