CN101529056A - Method and apparatus for a vapor cycle with a condenser containing a sorbent - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for a vapor cycle with a condenser containing a sorbent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101529056A CN101529056A CNA2007800259601A CN200780025960A CN101529056A CN 101529056 A CN101529056 A CN 101529056A CN A2007800259601 A CNA2007800259601 A CN A2007800259601A CN 200780025960 A CN200780025960 A CN 200780025960A CN 101529056 A CN101529056 A CN 101529056A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas phase
- energy
- liquid phase
- loop
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
An energy transferring system comprises a sealed circuit (20) for a transfer medium and containing a condenser/absorber (22), a liquid pump (24), an evaporator (26), a superheater (28), and an energy-consuming device (30). The circuit has a low pressure side (32) and a high pressure side (34), with the medium being converted from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase in the side (34) and back in the side (32). The condenser/absorber (22) includes an absorbent of solid material, for example coal powder or nanotubes, and may be combined with the evaporator (26) to form a modular unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmit the method and apparatus of energy.
Background technique
The energy transfer circulation is known, and wherein, the heat that offers evaporating plant makes liquid evaporation, the steam that is produced is used to export energy, particularly be used for driving steamer (as turbine), from steam condensation condensation device of turbine output, the liquid that is produced is pumped back into evaporating plant.Such system for example is disclosed in BE-A-895148, DE-A-3445785, GB-A-9160/1899 and GB-A-1535154.
Be known that circulatory mediator takes the form of low volatility liquid and high volatile volatile mixtures of liquids, and high volatile volatile liquid will condensation in condenser, wherein high volatile volatile liquid is absorbed and gets back in the low volatility liquid.The example of this system is disclosed among EP-A-181275, EP-A-328103, GB-A-294882, JP-A-56-083504, JP-A-56-132410, JP-A-05-059908 and the US-A-5007240.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of transmitting energy is provided, this method comprises: make flowing material flow and pass through the loop, and in turn, by input from the energy in source and be in relatively high pressure following time at described material and make described material be transformed into gas phase, and by the output energy and be in relatively low pressure following time at described material and make described material be transformed into described liquid phase from described gas phase from liquid phase.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of equipment that transmits energy is provided, this equipment comprises: the loop, be arranged to displacement around described loop dislocation flowing material, in described loop and be configured to make described material be transformed into the evaporating plant of gas phase from liquid phase from the energy in source by input, in described loop and be configured to by output energy make described material be transformed into the condensation device of described liquid phase from described gas phase, described displacement comprises the pump that is configured to directly act on described liquid phase, and described pump is in the downstream of described condensation device and in the upstream of described evaporating plant.
Because reason of the present invention, so in other words spendable ratio in the total energy that can have additional supply of, can reduce the ratio of losing in the total energy of system that is fed in the process that realizes transmission.
Advantageously, condensation device adopts the form of the condenser with solid material sorbent.This has the advantage of the system that is better than the working medium mixture, has promptly avoided providing heat mixture to be separated into the needs of steam and liquid.
In addition, by condensation device and evaporating plant are made up as single component,, can relatively simplify native system preferably as modular unit.
Description of drawings
In order to make the present invention by open clearly and completely, mode that now will be by example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the diagram of the refrigeration system of prior art,
Fig. 2 is the diagram according to an embodiment of system of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the diagram that illustrates the various application of the system among Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is the diagram of detail map embodiment's that Fig. 2 is shown a modification, and
Fig. 5 is the diagram of another modification of detail map embodiment that Fig. 2 is shown.
Embodiment
With reference to figure 1, system comprises sealed circuit 2, and sealing loop 2 comprises compressor 4, condenser 6, expansion valve 8 and the vaporizer 10 of series connection.Loop 2 has the low voltage side 12 that comprises vaporizer 10, and heat energy is imported in the refrigeration agent thus, material R22 (a kind of single HCFC) for example, and loop 2 also has the high pressure side 14 that comprises condenser 6, and heat energy is discharged from described refrigeration agent thus.The shortcoming of this system is, needs gas phase compressor 4, and this gas phase compressor 4 needs a large amount of power inputs and is bulky and expensive.In the system of the prior art, compressor 4 has increased the pressure of vapor phase refrigerant, vapor phase refrigerant is converted into liquid phase in condenser 6 subsequently, heat energy is released and refrigeration agent arrival expansion valve 8 thus, have cooling effect owing to pressure drop makes 8 pairs of materials of expansion valve, cause material to convert part gas phase and Partial Liquid Phase to this moment.In vaporizer 10, cold liquid substance receives the heat energy from the outside, and this material is supplied to compressor 4 with its gas phase form.Therefore, material under low pressure is transformed into its gas phase and under high pressure is transformed into its liquid phase from its gas phase from its liquid phase.
With reference to figure 2, this system also comprises sealed circuit 20, but this loop 20 comprises condenser combination 22, liquid pump 24, vaporizer 26, superheater 28 and energy-dissipating device 30, and this energy-dissipating device 30 can be turbine, propulsion device, cylinder inner carrier formula drive unit or gas engine.In addition, loop 20 has low voltage side 32 and high pressure side 34, but material is transformed into its gas phase and is transformed into its liquid phase from its gas phase low voltage side 32 from its liquid phase in high pressure side 34.Do not consider loss, the heat input that enters superheater 28 is consumed by device 30, and wherein the material of vapor phase can receive the heat energy of the environment that comes from the outside in superheater 28.Material in loop 20 can be the material of any appropriate, and this material evaporating temperature level is under atmospheric pressure hanged down at least 30 ℃ than the temperature of supplying the outside sources of heat energy to superheater 28.This outside sources can be the air near ground or ocean, lake or river.Preferably, the evaporating temperature level is more much lower than the temperature in described source, for example than low 5 ℃ at least in water, than low 10 ℃ at least of air.The example of this material is R22, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
The advantage of this system is, provides power to have the lower power demand of ratio piston compressor 4 with the liquid pump 24 that drives material wraparound Lu Erhang and is compacter and more cheap corresponding to compressor 4.
With reference to figure 3, illustrate the heat energy that is input in the superheater 28 can come from the outside air or extraneous water, for example from river or ocean.Particularly, superheater 28 can replace the water cooler of the aircondition built, and this building refers in particular to heavy construction, for example the hotel.This figure also illustrates energy-dissipating device 30 can drive generator 38, marine propeller 40, perhaps replaces the motor of vehicle 42.Generator 38 can be used to supply hotel 36, house 44 and/or pump 24.
With reference to figure 4, condenser 22 comprises housing 46, and this housing 46 comprises the absorbent of solid material 48 with capillary properties, for example powdered carbon or coal dust or nanotube.The vaporizer 26 that extends through housing 46 and absorbing agent 48 is forms of volute 50.Therefore condenser 22 and vaporizer 26 are formed the assembly that four entrance and exits are only arranged.The effect of the absorbing agent 48 that contacts with volute 50 is the saturation vapour pressures that reduce the material that enters absorbing agent.In volute 50 inside, produce vapor phase under the pressure that the pressure of existence is higher in than absorbing agent 48.
Usually in thermodynamic cycle, condenser pressure is higher than evaporator pressure, but owing to use absorbing agent 48, condenser pressure is lower than evaporator pressure in system shown in Figure 4.The thermal energy balance that discharges in the vapor condensation process in absorbing agent 48 heat demand of vaporizer 26.The internal surface area of volute 50 is to determine to enter the principal element of the steam mass flow of superheater 28.Superheater 28 with heat energy in described ambient air or water are transferred to material the loop, because the temperature of gaseous substance wherein is lower than external temperature.Superheated vapor is regulated solenoid valve 52 by pressure and is entered turbine 30.Enter condenser 22 with condensation and therefore discharge heat energy from the output steam of turbine 30 with low pressure.Turbine 30 is used to drive generator 38, and this generator 38 can Driven Compressor 54, and the power consumption of this compressor 54 significantly is lower than the generating of turbine 30, for example is 10% to 15% of the power that produces of turbine.Compressor 54 generates the minimum pressure in the loop 20 in liquid storage device 56.Be in housing 46 the bottom be the mobile link 57 that links to each other with the reservoir 56 of liquid condensate.When condensation product left absorbing agent 48, some liquid directly evaporated and form " flash distillation " steam, and these liquid account for about 10% of mass flow rate.Compressor 54 is discharged this " flash distillation " steam from reservoir 56, and converts " flash distillation " steam to liquid condensate via auxiliary condenser 58 and expansion valve 60 and by means of these parts, and this liquid condensate is passed to reservoir 56.Liquid pump 62 is pumped into volute 50 with the condensation product in the reservoir 56 via one-way valve 64.Pump 62 can be gear pump or centrifugal pump.Compressor 54 can mechanically be driven by device 30, is perhaps driven electrically via switch 68 and 70 by generator 38 or external power supply 66.Reduction valve 72 bypasses are in turbine 30 and solenoid valve 52.
Modification shown in Figure 5 is different from the modification of Fig. 4 in many aspects.At first, what secondary circuit 61 replacements of working in the system start-up stage comprised reservoir 56 especially is to comprise vaporizer 74 in the inside of reservoir 56 and form main subcooler, make loop 61 separate with loop 20 fully, thereby make the condensation in self of reservoir 56 of " flash distillation " steam.In addition, pump 62 makes liquid be pumped into volute 50 via the auxiliary subcooler 76 in the reservoir 56, has offset the heating to the liquid of pump 62 pumpings thus.In addition, device 30 has output gear case and line shaft 78.In addition, directly enter the top of housing 46, rather than pass through pipe-line system from the low pressure steams that install 30 outputs.
Claims (14)
1. method of transmitting energy, comprise: make flowing material flow and pass through the loop, and in turn, by input from the energy in source and be in relatively high pressure following time at described material described material is transformed into gas phase from liquid phase, and by the output energy and be in relatively low pressure following time at described material described material is transformed into described liquid phase from described gas phase.
2. method according to claim 1, the described conversion of wherein said material from described gas phase to described liquid phase comprises the saturation vapour pressure that reduces described gas phase, and the described conversion of described material from described gas phase to described liquid phase comprises and utilize solid absorbent to adsorb described gas phase.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said material under atmospheric pressure have the transition temperature level between described liquid phase and described gas phase, and described transition temperature level is hanged down at least 5 ℃ than the temperature in described source, and described source is extraneous water.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said material under atmospheric pressure have the transition temperature level between described liquid phase and described gas phase, and described transition temperature level is hanged down at least 10 ℃ than the temperature in described source, and described source is an ambient air.
5. equipment that transmits energy, comprise: the loop, be arranged to around the displacement of described loop dislocation flowing material, in described loop and be configured to by input from the energy in source make described material be transformed into the evaporating plant of gas phase from liquid phase, described loop and be configured to make described material be transformed into the condensation device of described liquid phase from described gas phase by the output energy, described displacement comprises the pump of being arranged to directly act on described liquid phase, and described pump is in the downstream of described condensation device and in the upstream of described evaporating plant.
6. equipment according to claim 5, wherein said condensation device are used to reduce the saturation vapour pressure of described gas phase and comprise the solid adsorbent materials that is used for described gas phase.
7. equipment according to claim 6, wherein said condensation device contacts described evaporating plant.
8. equipment according to claim 7, wherein said sorbent material contacts described evaporating plant.
9. further comprise in described loop according to each described equipment in the claim 5 to 8: be used for the superheater of described gas phase in the downstream of described evaporating plant and at the energy-dissipating device in the downstream of described superheater, described condensation device is in the downstream of described energy-dissipating device.
10. equipment according to claim 9, wherein said energy-dissipating device comprises drive unit.
11. equipment according to claim 10 further comprises secondary circuit, described secondary circuit comprises the gas-liquid phase change device and is used for and will converts described liquid phase to from the described gas phase of described condensation device outflow.
12. equipment according to claim 11, wherein said secondary circuit is communicated with the loop fluid of mentioning at first.
13. equipment according to claim 11, wherein said secondary circuit are not communicated with the loop fluid of mentioning at first.
14., further be included in the supercooling apparatus in the downstream of described pump according to each described equipment in the claim 5 to 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0609349.6 | 2006-05-11 | ||
| GBGB0609349.6A GB0609349D0 (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2006-05-11 | Method and apparatus |
| PCT/GB2007/001709 WO2007132183A2 (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2007-05-10 | Method and apparatus for a vapor cycle with a condenser containing a sorbent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101529056A true CN101529056A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| CN101529056B CN101529056B (en) | 2013-05-01 |
Family
ID=36637309
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007800259601A Expired - Fee Related CN101529056B (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2007-05-10 | Method and apparatus for a vapor cycle with a condenser containing a sorbent |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090293516A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2069612A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009536705A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101529056B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2007251367A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0609349D0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20085152L (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2008149082A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007132183A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102102550A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-06-22 | 淄博绿能化工有限公司 | Novel temperature difference engine device |
| CN103930672A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2014-07-16 | 刘金阳 | Cold state engine for utilising air thermal energy to output work, refrigeration and water |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TR200802291A2 (en) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-21 | �Nce Alpay | Energy converter. |
| US8915083B2 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2014-12-23 | George Erik McMillan | Vapor powered engine/electric generator |
| JP2010101233A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-05-06 | Hiroshi Kubota | Engine operated by refrigerant |
| WO2011007197A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-01-20 | Michael Kangwana | Lowgen low grade energy power generation system |
| US20130312415A1 (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-11-28 | Gennady Sergeevich Dubovitskiy | Method for converting of warmth environment into mechanical energy and electricity |
| US9657723B1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-05-23 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Carbon nanotube-based fluidized bed heat transfer media for concentrating solar power applications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB294882A (en) * | 1927-07-30 | 1929-09-12 | Gen Electric | Improvements in and relating to vapour engines |
| US4333313A (en) * | 1979-02-06 | 1982-06-08 | Ecological Energy Systems, Inc. | Gas powered, closed loop power system and process for using same |
| US4291232A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-09-22 | Cardone Joseph T | Liquid powered, closed loop power generating system and process for using same |
| US4489563A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1984-12-25 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Generation of energy |
| JPH0658107B2 (en) * | 1984-05-26 | 1994-08-03 | 日揮株式会社 | Energy conversion device using metal hydride |
| US4573321A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-03-04 | Ecoenergy I, Ltd. | Power generating cycle |
| DE3518276C1 (en) * | 1985-05-22 | 1991-06-27 | Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5300 Bonn | Process for operating a heat pump system and suitable heat pump system for carrying out this process |
| DE3532093C1 (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1987-04-09 | Schiedel Gmbh & Co | Discontinuous sorption storage device with solid absorber |
| EP0328103A1 (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-16 | Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid rankine cycle system |
| JPH02146208A (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1990-06-05 | Hitachi Ltd | Compound heat utilizing plant |
| GB9123794D0 (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1992-01-02 | Atkinson Stephen | Vapour absorbent compositions |
| US5249436A (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1993-10-05 | Indugas, Inc. | Simplified, low cost absorption heat pump |
| CN1098493A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-08 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | A kind of cross absorption solar energy air conditioner |
| US5456086A (en) * | 1994-09-08 | 1995-10-10 | Gas Research Institute | Valving arrangement and solution flow control for generator absorber heat exchanger (GAX) heat pump |
| US5557936A (en) * | 1995-07-27 | 1996-09-24 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Thermodynamic power generation system employing a three component working fluid |
| TW325516B (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1998-01-21 | Chugoku Electric Power | Compression/absorption combined type heat pump |
| JP2002098436A (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-05 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Freezing apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-05-11 GB GBGB0609349.6A patent/GB0609349D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2007
- 2007-05-10 WO PCT/GB2007/001709 patent/WO2007132183A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-05-10 EP EP07732737A patent/EP2069612A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-10 JP JP2009508487A patent/JP2009536705A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-10 US US12/300,249 patent/US20090293516A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-05-10 CN CN2007800259601A patent/CN101529056B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-10 RU RU2008149082/06A patent/RU2008149082A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-05-10 AU AU2007251367A patent/AU2007251367A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-12-10 NO NO20085152A patent/NO20085152L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102102550A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-06-22 | 淄博绿能化工有限公司 | Novel temperature difference engine device |
| CN103930672A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2014-07-16 | 刘金阳 | Cold state engine for utilising air thermal energy to output work, refrigeration and water |
| CN103930672B (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2017-03-29 | 刘金阳 | The cold engine of power, refrigeration, fresh water is exported using air heat energy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2007251367A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
| WO2007132183A2 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
| WO2007132183A3 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
| NO20085152L (en) | 2008-12-10 |
| CN101529056B (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| JP2009536705A (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| GB0609349D0 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| EP2069612A2 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
| RU2008149082A (en) | 2010-06-20 |
| US20090293516A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
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Granted publication date: 20130501 Termination date: 20140510 |