ZA867474B - Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus - Google Patents
Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- ZA867474B ZA867474B ZA867474A ZA867474A ZA867474B ZA 867474 B ZA867474 B ZA 867474B ZA 867474 A ZA867474 A ZA 867474A ZA 867474 A ZA867474 A ZA 867474A ZA 867474 B ZA867474 B ZA 867474B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- contact method
- vapour contact
- vapour
- contact
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
- B01D3/146—Multiple effect distillation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/0423—Subcooling of liquid process streams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
- F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
- F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
- F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
- F25J2200/52—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the high pressure column of a double pressure main column system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
- F25J2200/54—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the low pressure column of a double pressure main column system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/10—Mathematical formulae, modeling, plot or curves; Design methods
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB858524598A GB8524598D0 (en) | 1985-10-04 | 1985-10-04 | Liquid-vapour contact |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ZA867474B true ZA867474B (en) | 1987-05-27 |
Family
ID=10586235
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA867474A ZA867474B (en) | 1985-10-04 | 1986-09-30 | Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4843828A (xx) |
EP (1) | EP0218467B1 (xx) |
JP (1) | JP2773859B2 (xx) |
AU (1) | AU586894B2 (xx) |
DE (1) | DE3676775D1 (xx) |
GB (2) | GB8524598D0 (xx) |
ZA (1) | ZA867474B (xx) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0269343B1 (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1991-06-12 | The BOC Group plc | Air separation |
JPH02293576A (ja) * | 1989-05-08 | 1990-12-04 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気分離装置 |
US5049173A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-09-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Production of ultra-high purity oxygen from cryogenic air separation plants |
US5137559A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1992-08-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Production of nitrogen free of light impurities |
US5289688A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1994-03-01 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Inter-column heat integration for multi-column distillation system |
US5263327A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-11-23 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | High recovery cryogenic rectification system |
US5230217A (en) * | 1992-05-19 | 1993-07-27 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Inter-column heat integration for multi-column distillation system |
US5419137A (en) * | 1993-08-16 | 1995-05-30 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation process and apparatus for the production of high purity nitrogen |
JP3472631B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-14 | 2003-12-02 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | 空気分離装置 |
US5507148A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-04-16 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation method and apparatus to produce nitrogen |
US5678426A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1997-10-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Separation of fluid mixtures in multiple distillation columns |
US6354105B1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2002-03-12 | Ipsi L.L.C. | Split feed compression process for high recovery of ethane and heavier components |
JP4018443B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-13 | 2007-12-05 | 株式会社前川製作所 | 寒冷地対応サーモサイホンチラー冷凍機 |
US7821158B2 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2010-10-26 | Expansion Energy, Llc | System and method for liquid air production, power storage and power release |
DE102010056560A1 (de) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-16 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Drucksauerstoff und Druckstickstoff durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
US8907524B2 (en) | 2013-05-09 | 2014-12-09 | Expansion Energy Llc | Systems and methods of semi-centralized power storage and power production for multi-directional smart grid and other applications |
US9969638B2 (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2018-05-15 | Gradiant Corporation | Water treatment systems and associated methods |
CN105683095B (zh) | 2013-09-23 | 2019-09-17 | 格雷迪安特公司 | 脱盐系统及相关方法 |
US9221694B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2015-12-29 | Gradiant Corporation | Selective scaling in desalination water treatment systems and associated methods |
US10308526B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Methods and systems for producing treated brines for desalination |
US10167218B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-01-01 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of ultra-high-density brines |
EP3328522A4 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2019-04-24 | Gradiant Corporation | OSMOTIC DESALINATION METHODS AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS |
WO2017030937A1 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2017-02-23 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of multivalent ion-rich process streams using multi-stage osmotic separation |
WO2017030932A1 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2017-02-23 | Gradiant Corporation | Selective retention of multivalent ions |
WO2017127607A1 (en) | 2016-01-22 | 2017-07-27 | Gradiant Corporation | Formation of solid salts using high gas flow velocities in humidifiers, such as multi-stage bubble column humidifiers |
WO2017147113A1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-31 | Gradiant Corporation | Hybrid desalination systems and associated methods |
KR102110539B1 (ko) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-05-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 공조시스템 |
WO2020041542A1 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2020-02-27 | Gradiant Corporation | Liquid solution concentration system comprising isolated subsystem and related methods |
NL2025120B1 (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-10-19 | Gommers Dev Group S R O | Device and method for distillation |
WO2022108891A1 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | Gradiant Corporaton | Osmotic methods and systems involving energy recovery |
US20230074304A1 (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-09 | Uop Llc | Vapor distribution system in a concentric reboiler |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL68184C (xx) * | 1917-01-31 | |||
US2769321A (en) * | 1952-08-07 | 1956-11-06 | Kellogg M W Co | Separation of ethylene from a gaseous mixture |
US2812645A (en) * | 1956-02-29 | 1957-11-12 | Union Carbide Corp | Process and apparatus for separating gas mixtures |
DE2162577C3 (de) * | 1970-12-17 | 1975-03-13 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hydroxybenzoesäurearyle stern |
DE2135235A1 (de) * | 1971-07-14 | 1973-08-16 | Balabaew | Verfahren zur luftzerlegung unter gewinnung von sauerstoff und argon |
DE2202206A1 (de) * | 1972-01-18 | 1973-07-26 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur zerlegung von gasgemischen durch zweistufige rektifikation |
GB1508603A (en) * | 1974-04-11 | 1978-04-26 | Haselden G | Distillation processes and apparatus |
US4083194A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-04-11 | Fluor Engineers And Constructors, Inc. | Process for recovery of liquid hydrocarbons |
US4152129A (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1979-05-01 | Trentham Corporation | Method for separating carbon dioxide from methane |
DE2734080A1 (de) * | 1977-07-28 | 1979-02-15 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum abtrennen von methan aus einem methanhaltigen rohgas |
US4273566A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1981-06-16 | Cabot Corporation | Method and system for the fractionation of ethane-propane mixtures |
JPS58138974A (ja) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-08-18 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 空気分離方法 |
GB2125949B (en) * | 1982-08-24 | 1985-09-11 | Air Prod & Chem | Plant for producing gaseous oxygen |
US4444576A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1984-04-24 | Koch Process Systems, Inc. | Energy-saving distillative separation using low-temperature heat input |
JPS59161668A (ja) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-12 | 日本酸素株式会社 | 空気液化分離方法 |
DE3485839T2 (de) * | 1983-03-17 | 1993-03-04 | Biowhittaker Inc | Fluorometrische pruefung des gesamten ige niveaus und reagens dafuer. |
US4455158A (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1984-06-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Nitrogen rejection process incorporating a serpentine heat exchanger |
DE3416519A1 (de) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-11-22 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zerlegung eines gasgemisches |
US4464188A (en) * | 1983-09-27 | 1984-08-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the separation of air |
-
1985
- 1985-10-04 GB GB858524598A patent/GB8524598D0/en active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-09-12 GB GB8622056A patent/GB2181828B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-30 ZA ZA867474A patent/ZA867474B/xx unknown
- 1986-10-01 DE DE8686307564T patent/DE3676775D1/de not_active Revoked
- 1986-10-01 EP EP86307564A patent/EP0218467B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-03 AU AU63546/86A patent/AU586894B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-10-04 JP JP61236986A patent/JP2773859B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-04-15 US US07/183,470 patent/US4843828A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS62162876A (ja) | 1987-07-18 |
GB8622056D0 (en) | 1986-10-22 |
AU6354686A (en) | 1987-04-09 |
DE3676775D1 (de) | 1991-02-14 |
GB8524598D0 (en) | 1985-11-06 |
EP0218467B1 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
AU586894B2 (en) | 1989-07-27 |
EP0218467A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 |
GB2181828B (en) | 1989-09-27 |
JP2773859B2 (ja) | 1998-07-09 |
GB2181828A (en) | 1987-04-29 |
US4843828A (en) | 1989-07-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
GB2181828B (en) | Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus | |
EP0323620A3 (en) | Etching method and etching apparatus | |
EP0192814A3 (en) | Clamping method and apparatus | |
EP0219233A3 (en) | Developing method and apparatus | |
GB2174360B (en) | Method and apparatus for connecting two mechanical elements | |
IL80897A0 (en) | Lubrication method and apparatus | |
EP0206095A3 (en) | Part positioning apparatus and method | |
GB2174916B (en) | Liquid-vapour contact method and apparatus | |
GB2177786B (en) | Refrigeration method and apparatus | |
GB2179621B (en) | Packaging method and apparatus | |
GB2184366B (en) | Liquid-vapour contact apparatus | |
EP0220031A3 (en) | Forging method and forging apparatus | |
GB2176059B (en) | Method and apparatus for positioning two sensor devices | |
EP0318877A3 (en) | Tack-feeding device and method | |
EP0209964A3 (en) | Evaporation method and apparatus | |
GB2184043B (en) | Separation method and apparatus | |
GB2184080B (en) | Method and apparatus for orientating can ends | |
GB2175822B (en) | Separation method and apparatus | |
DE3666151D1 (en) | Application method and application device | |
GB2169867B (en) | Lifting method and apparatus | |
GB2197368B (en) | Bridging apparatus and method | |
GB2169813B (en) | Compost-making apparatus and method | |
ZA863659B (en) | De-entrainment process and apparatus | |
EP0196218A3 (en) | Laser apparatus and method | |
GB2183534B (en) | Component facing method and apparatus |