ZA200605208B - Method of producing diamond segments for cutting tools - Google Patents

Method of producing diamond segments for cutting tools Download PDF

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Publication number
ZA200605208B
ZA200605208B ZA200605208A ZA200605208A ZA200605208B ZA 200605208 B ZA200605208 B ZA 200605208B ZA 200605208 A ZA200605208 A ZA 200605208A ZA 200605208 A ZA200605208 A ZA 200605208A ZA 200605208 B ZA200605208 B ZA 200605208B
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South Africa
Prior art keywords
preform
producing
steel powder
diamond
weight
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ZA200605208A
Inventor
Fallyer Emmanuel
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Wa S A S
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Publication of ZA200605208B publication Critical patent/ZA200605208B/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
    • B24D3/08—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for close-grained structure, e.g. using metal with low melting point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Description

® Method of produc ing diamond segments for cutting tools.
Background of the invention
The invention relates to a method of producing a diamond segment for a cutting tool by sintering, consisting in successively performing: - mixing of meatal powders with diamond particles, - preforming of the mixture by cold compression to obtain a handleable preform, - and hot presintering of the preform to eliminate the compaction residues and de-oxidize the preform while performing a beginning of sintering.
State of the art
Manufacturing diamond segments of cutting tools is bassed on powder metallurgy which consists in consolidating metal powders of® predetermined composition with grains of natural or synthetic diamond toy thermal and mechanical effect. Whe product obtained is a body compossed of sintered metal having characteristics that depend on the nature of t he basic metal powders and on the sintering conditions.
The following different techniques are commonly used for manufacturing diamond segments: - free sintering: consolidation is performed in a furnace uncer a neutral or reducing atmospheres without any mechanical energy being provided, - pressure sintering: consolidation is performed in a fumrnace under a neutral or reducing atmosphere with additional energy bein g provided by pressure (gas or mec hanical).
® The free sintering technique is performed a.t a temperature comprised between 900°C and 1200°C at atmospheric pressure. The manufacturing cycle time is fairly long (a few hours), and the compactness obt=ained for the sintered mate rial is about 92% to 95%. The ressidual porosity of the parts after sintering is then liable to impair the mecha nical strength of the sintered material and of the diamond. The thermostabil ity of the diamord is in fact considerably affected when the temperature at low pressu re exceeds 1000°C.
The mechanic al pressure sintering technique is performed at a &emperature comprised between 700°C and 1200°C at a presssure of 250 to 4-00 bars (25 to 40 MPA). The cycle time is about 15mm and the compoactness is comprised between 97% and 99%. This techrique requires c=onsiderable manpower, and the use of graphite pistons to apply the loading in creases the cost of the con-sumables.
The gas pressure sintering technique is pe-rformed at a t-emperature comprised between 700°C and 1000°C and at a= pressure of 20000 to 2500 bars (200 to 2 50 MPA). The compactness achi-eved is 99% to 100%, with cycle times off a few hours. This technique also requires ceconsiderable manpower, anc] costly investments for the manufacturing installation.
Whatever the sintering technique used, the stancdard manufacturieng steps of the diamond se=gments by sintering are as follows : - mixing metal powders with the diamond g rains, - preformaing the products by cold pressingy causing compacztion of the mixture, - assembling sintering cells, - free or poressure sintering, - recover ing the sintered products, - finishing the sintered products.
® The presence of the diamond in the diamond segments me=ans that the manufacturer has to work at as low temperatures as possible to avoid damaging the diamond. In addition, to have a correct lifetimes and cutting qualities, the residual porosity must be low, notably less than 2%.
These two imperatives lead to the following constraints: * use of a sintering process wherein a pressure is applied, » use of costly fine powders having a granulometry of less thar 50 microns, enabling the sintering conditions to be reduced.
This results in a considerable additional manufacturing cost of the diamond segments in comparison with free sintering.
Low-cost metal powders commonly used in metallurgy exist, Bout they are rougher, in particular more than 50 microns. These materials carnot be used for diamond cutting tools manufactured according to one of the above- mentioned sintering techniques, as the temperature and pressuire used are too low to correctly reduce the porosity of the sintered structure.
The document CH 4-71 641 describes a method for manufacturing diamond tools using a cold compressed powder containing a hard cambide and a ferrous metal, the impregnation temperature being at least e=qual to the melting temperature of copper and at most equal to 1130°C.
Object of the invention
A first object of the invention consists in developing a method of producing diamond segments for cutting tools, based on sintered metal powders, enabling a homoge neous structure with a low residual porosity to be obtained, and with im proved mechanical characteristics.
® According to the inventio n, this object is achieved by the fact that, a¥fter presintering, the preform is subjected to a forging operation by closed -die application of a mechanical pressure comprised betwveen 400 MPA and 7700
MPA, the application time of said pressure being akoout a few seconds aand the forging temperature bering less than 1000°C. The residual porosity of the forged part is less than 2% .
The die is previously heate d to a temperature compri sed between 200°C a nd 450°C and the mechanical forging pressure is applied to the preform by means of a press stamp. Preferably, before presin tering, dewaxing of t he preform is performed between 420°C and 560°C followed by cooling under a nitrogen flow.
A second object of the invention concerns the usse of a low-cost metal powder containing iron as brinder in manufacture of diamond segments by aot sintering, thus enabling the porosity to be eliminated to increase the density of the structure.
The binder contains for this purpose a mixture of 509% - 100% in weight of a steel powder containing Fe, C, Ni, and Mo, with a gr&anulometry of less thaan 300 microns, and 0% to 50% in weight of an eleme=nt A able to be either bronze, tungsten carbide, or any other element or compound designed €o modify the characteristics of the binder.
The composition of the steel powder contains in % of veveight: - 90% - 97% of Fe, - 001%-0.1% of C, - 1% - 3% of Ni, - 0.1% - 0.8% of Mo. - Possibly other elements such as Chrormium, Vanadium or
Manganese.
® Im the case where the element A is bronze, the cormnposition of the steel powder is preferably in % of weight: - 1.8% - 2% of Ni, - C content less than 0.06%, 5 - 0.5% - 0.6% of Mo, - 0.15% - 0.25% of Mn, : - Fe balance with 20% of bronze. The bronze of the element A can advantageously be irregular 90/10 bronze with a granulometry of less tan 400 mesh.
In the case where the element A is tungsten carbide, tBhe composition of the st eel powder is preferably in % of weight: - 1.5% - 2% of Ni, - 1.35% - 1.65% of Cu, - C content less than 0.01%, - 0.45% - 0.6% of Mo, with 10% of tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide of the element A has a gr anulometry of less than 35 microns.
Brief description of the drawings
Other advantages and features will become more clear-ly apparent from the foklowing description of particular embodiments of the in\vention given as non- restrictive examples only and represented in the accom panying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a synoptic view of the steps of the method of producing according to the invention;
Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of thes closed and heated dies forging step.
® Detailed diescription of the invention
The invention relates to the use of the forging technique to apply a high pressure to preformed parts made fromm metal powders, heated to high temperatures, enabling the porosity of these materials to be fully closed.
Densificaticon of the metal is obtained byw hot dynamic energy tramnsmission.
Such a forging technique is particularly =suitable for manufacturin g diamond segments musing mixtures of low-cost metal powders to replace conventional sintered birders.
Two examples of compositions of me-tal powders used in tke method according to the invention will be given he=reafter.
Example 1 : Steel and bronze based poswder
Mixture of 80 % weight of a steel powder ccomprising: * Fe 1 >90% + C : <0.06 % *» Ni 1% -2% * Mo : 05% -06% + Mn : 0.15% -0.25%
Granulome€ry: + 250u : 0 % 150 — 250u : < 18 % 45u — 150 : balance <45u: 15-30% and 20 % w eight of irregular 90/10 bronze <400 mesh.
® This mixture is particularly suitable for producing tools for cutting hard concrete. The diamond composition is variable and adaptesd to the type of cutting, to the diameter of the tool, and to the power of the nmachine.
Example 2: Steel and tungsten carbide base powder
Mixture o f 90 % weight of a steel powder comprising: * Fe : >90% + C :<0.01% * Ni :1.58% -1.93% * Cu 01.35% -1.65% * Mo : 0.45% - 0.55 %
Granulonmetry: +212 1: 0% 180u —-212u:<2% 150 u— 180u : balance 150u —212p:< 12% 45u - 150 : balance <45u: 10-30% and 10 % weight of tungsten carbide with a granulometry of | ess than 35 p.
This mixtwre is particularly suitable for producing tools for- cutting asphalt.
The diameond composition is variable and adapted to the twpe of cutting, to the diame-ter of the tool, and to the power of the machine.
Adding various elements such as graphite, ferro-alloys eittmer carburized or not, bron=ze, copper... enables properties to be obtainecd making these binders suitable for any cutting use with a diamond tool.
The different steps of the method for producing the diamorad segments are illustrated in figure 1:
) Steep 1: Preparation and mixing of the powders
Th e metal powders according to one of the two examples 1 or 2 are first mi=xed together and with the diarmond particles in a predetermined proportion.
Step 2: Cold compression
Th is compaction operation by cold compression of the mixture is performed in econventional manner with thes suitable mould on a hydraulic or mechanical pre=ss to obtain a handleable preeform. The pressures typically range from 100 to E300 MPA depending on the nature of the metal powders of the mixture.
Step 3: Presintering
Ths operation is essentially designed to eliminate the organic compaction ressidues, to deoxidize the parts, and to perform a beginning of sintering.
Prieor dewaxing is performed between 420°C and 560°C for a pezriod of 5 to 30 minutes.
Preasintering is then performed im a furnace between 820°C and 900° C for 3 to 30 minutes under a reducing gas flow. Presintering may be carried out in the ~ same enclosure as dewaxing.
After cooling, the presintered seegments can receive an oxidatiom protection layer. A D17A type graphite spray is used for this purpose. If the parts have been cooled, heating is finally performed under a neutral or redu«<cing gas at forging temperature, for example: 870°C.
Ste p 4: Forging for closing the porosities
Thee forging operation is perforrmed by applying a pressure in & cold die, prewiously heated to between 2«€00°C and 450°C and lubricated. The press use d can be a mechanical or hydraulic screw press.
) The mechanical pre ssure is applied on the presintered part PR by nmeans of a stamp 10, as illustrated in figure 2. The pressures vary accordin g to the working conditions and the material. For the aforementioned examples, the values are as follows: - forging pressure between 400 MPA and 700 MPA, - effective forging termperature at die input of about 750°C - 850°C, - pressure application time less than 5 seconds.
Step 5: Subsequen-t treatments
The forged parts are then sand-blasted and cooled, possibly with a thermal treatment, and final rmachining.
Using the forging teechnique according to the invention is less cos tly than conventional mechamical pressure sintering, as it enables low-cost rougher powders, more or lesss greater than 50 microns, to be used while ke=eping a relatively moderate temperature of about 750°C to 950°C to avoid daamaging the diamond. Moreover, the mechanical properties are considerably improved on accourmt of the fact that a compactness of more than 98% is obtained.
Increasing from a demsity of 7.6 to 7.85 (100 % density) gives a 40 % gain in tensile strength, whemeas the elongation at break is multiplied by 5. Reducing the porosity enables the resilience to be multiplied by 6, whereas i& varies little between 95 % and 98 % compactness obtained with conventional sintering.
The mixture of powders according to the aforementioned example 1 o-r 2 can thus easily be forgeed and can advantageously replace the conveantional sintered binders to produce diamond segments for cutting tools.
The preform is preferably handled in a gas flow for protection against oxidation.
® Whe mixture of powders contains 50% - 100% in weigght of a steel powder containing Fe, C, Ni, and Mo, with a granulometry of lesss than 300 microns.
I. n addition, the steel powder can contain 0.1% - 0.8% of Mn or 1% to 2% of
Cu.

Claims (16)

[ Claims
1. Method of producing a diamond seegment for a cutting tool by sirtering, consisting in successively performing: - mixing of metal powders with diamond particles, - preforming of the mixture by col d compression to obtain a hancdieable preform, - and hot presintering of the p reform to eliminate the compoaction residues and de-oxidize the preform while performing a begin ning of sintering, characterized in that, after presintering, the preform is subjected to a forging operation by closed die application of a mechanical pressure comprised between 400 MPA and 700 MPA, the a pplication time of said pressure being about a few seconds and the forging termperature being less than 10008 °C.
2. Method of producing according to claim 1, characterized in that the die is previously heated to a temperature com prised between 200°C and 450°C.
3. Method of producing according to claim 1, characterized in thmat the mechanical forging pressure is applied to the preform by a die - stamp assembly.
4. Method of producing according to claim 1, characterized in that, before presintering, dewaxing of the preform is performed between 420°€C and 560°C.
5. Method of producing according to claim 4, characterized in th at the preform is covered after cooling by a «graphite layer for protection aagainst oxidation.
® 6. Method of producing according to claim 4, characterized in that the preform is handBed under a gas flow for protection against oxidation.
7. Diamond seegment for a cutting tool manufactured by hot sinteri ng of a mixture of metal powders containing: - 50% - 100% in weight of a steel powder containing Fe, C, Ni, &and Mo, with a granulometry of less than 300 microns, : - and 0% to 50% in weight of an element A able to be either Ebronze, tungsten carbide, or any other element designed to modify the characteristics of the metal die, characterize«d in that the diamond segment is produced according to the method of ore of the claims 1 to 6.
8. Diamond segment according to claim 7, characterized in that the composition of the steel powder is in % of weight: - 90% - 97"% of Fe,
- 0.01% -0.1%0ofC, - 1% -3% ©f Ni,
- 0.1% - 0.8% of Mo.
9. Diamond segment according to claim 8, characterized in that thes steel powder also conttains 0.1% - 0.8% of Mn.
10. Diamond se.gment according to claim 9, characterized in th.at the composition of th e steel powder is in % of weight:
- 1.8% - 2% of Nj, - C content less than 0.06%,
- 0.5% - 0.68% of Mo,
- 0.15% - 0.25% of Mn, - Fe balance with 20% of b ronze.
®
11. Diamond segment according to claim 8, characterized in that the cormposition of the steel powder comtains 1% to 2% of Cu.
12. Diamond segment according to claim 11, characterized in t hat the cormposition of the steel powder is i n % of weight:
- 1.5% - 2% of Ni,
- 1.35% - 1.65% of Cu, - C content less than 0.01%,
- 0.45% - 0.6% of Mo, with 10% of tungsten carbide.
13. Diamond segment according to claim 10, characterized in that the bronze of t he element A is irregular 90/10 b»ronze.
14. Diamond segment according to claim 12, characterized in that the tungsten carbide of the element A has a granulometry of less than 35 mic=rons.
15. Method of producing accordin g to claim 1, characterized in that the forging temperature is preferably comprised between 750°C and 800°C.
16. Method of producing accordineg to claim 1, characterized in that the residual porosity of the forged part iss less than 2%.
® English translation of the claims of the PCT apsplication n°PCT/FFR2005/000035 as modified according to. article 19 [received by €he International Bureau on May 18, 2005 (18.05.2005) Claims 7-14 havee been amended, claims 1-6, 15 and 16 stay unchanged] Claims
1. Method of p roducing a diamond segment for a cuttimng tool by sintering, consisting in successively performing: - mixing of rmetal powders with diamond particles, - preformingm of the mixture by cold compression to obtain a handleable preform, - and hot poresintering of the preform to eliminate the compaction residues a nd de-oxidize the preform while perforrming a beginning of sintering, characterized in that, after presintering, the preform is sulojected to a forging operation by clossed die application of a mechanical pmressure comprised between 400 MP_A and 700 MPA, the application time of ss aid pressure being about a few seco nds and the forging temperature being lesss than 1000°C.
2. Method of producing according to claim 1, characterized in that the die is previously heatedd to a temperature comprised between 200°C and 450°C.
3. Method of producing according to claim 1, characte=rized in that the mechanical forging pressure is applied to the preform .by a die - stamp assembly.
4. Method of producing according to claim 1, characterizzed in that, before presintering, dew~axing of the preform is performed between 420°C and 560°C.
® 5. Method of producing according to claim 4-, characterized in that the preform is covered after cooling by a graphite layer for protection against oxidation.
6. Method of preoducing according to claim 4. characterized in that the preform is handled under a gas flow for protectior against oxidation.
7. Method of prosducing according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mixture of metal powders contains: - 50% - 100% in weight of a steel powder containing Fe, C, Ni, and Mo, with a granulo metry of less than 300 microns, - and 0% to 0% in weight of an element A able to be either bronze, tungsten carboide, or any other element designed to modify the characteristics- of the metal die.
8. Method of producing according to claim 7, characterized in that the composition of the steel powder is in % of weight: - 90% - 97% «of Fe,
- 0.01% -0.1=6 of C, = 1% - 3% of IN;
- 0.1% - 0.8%» of Mo.
9. Method of producing according to claim 8, characterized in that the steel powder also contains 0.1% - 0.8% of Mn.
10. Method of pro ducing according to claim 9, characterized in that the composition of the ssteel powder is in % of weight:
- 1.8% - 2% off Ni, - C content lesss than 0.06%,
- 0.5% -0.6% of Mo,
- 0.15% - 0.25 % of Mn,
® - Fe balance with 20% of bsronze.
11.Method of pr-oducing according to claim 8, charac:terized in that the "5 composition of the steel powder contains 1% to 2% of Cu.
12. Method of preoducing according to claim 11, characcterized in that the composition off the steel powder is in % of weight:
- 1.5% -2% of Ni,
- 1.35% - 1.685% of Cu, - C content le=ss than 0.01%,
- 0.45% - 0.66% of Mo, with 10% of tuangsten carbide.
13. Method of producing according to claim 10, characterized in that the bronze of the ealement A is irregular 90/10 bronze.
14.Method of producing according to claim 12, characterized in that the tungsten carbiede of the element A has a granulomet:ry of less than 35 microns.
15.Method of producing according to claim 1, characteerized in that the forging temperature is preferably comprised between 750°C and 900°C.
16. Method of praomducing according to claim 1, charactesrized in that the residual porositcy of the forged part is less than 2%.
ZA200605208A 2004-01-09 2006-06-23 Method of producing diamond segments for cutting tools ZA200605208B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0400171A FR2864915B1 (en) 2004-01-09 2004-01-09 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DIAMOND SEGMENTS FOR CUTTING TOOLS

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CN (1) CN1918312B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0506754B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2437994T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2864915B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1702082T3 (en)
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KR100894122B1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-04-20 한국생산기술연구원 Method for manufacturing polycrystalline diamond using amorphous bond
JP6087042B2 (en) * 2010-09-30 2017-03-01 日立化成株式会社 Method for manufacturing sintered member
CN103173669A (en) * 2013-03-19 2013-06-26 杨树桐 Method for melting diamond steel
US9975182B2 (en) * 2015-05-13 2018-05-22 Kennametal Inc. Cutting tool made by additive manufacturing
CN109311088A (en) * 2016-06-07 2019-02-05 德国易欧司光电技术有限公司 For manufacturing the mixture of powders of three-dimension object by increasing material manufacturing method

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