ZA200304714B - Process for production of solid detergent compositions. - Google Patents
Process for production of solid detergent compositions. Download PDFInfo
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- ZA200304714B ZA200304714B ZA200304714A ZA200304714A ZA200304714B ZA 200304714 B ZA200304714 B ZA 200304714B ZA 200304714 A ZA200304714 A ZA 200304714A ZA 200304714 A ZA200304714 A ZA 200304714A ZA 200304714 B ZA200304714 B ZA 200304714B
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- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- blowing agent
- detergent
- ingredients
- composition
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002666 chemical blowing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical group OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-azo-bis-isobutyronitrile Substances N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- -1 structurants Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004150 EU approved colour Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulphate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/02—Floating bodies of detergents or of soaps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/166—Organic compounds containing borium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
WO (12/051974 PCT/EP01/14197
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SOLID DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS
!
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of detergent bars suitable for fabric washing or hard surface cleaning. The invention particularly relates to a process for the manufacture of “aerated” detergent bars wherein the chemical blowing agent in the formulation is decomposed during extrusion to release gas and the liberated gas is entrapped.
Fabric washing compositions contain, as an essential ingredient, a surfactant system whose role is to assist in removal of soil from the fabric and its suspension in the wash liquor. Detergent bars require an acceptable physical strength so that they retain their structural integrity during handling, transport and use. The hardness of the bars, at the time of manufacture and subsequently, is an especially important property. Commercially available detergent bars contain detergent active components and detergent builders, fillers, structurants, hardeners together with optional components for example abrasives, perfumes, colour and bleaching agents.
The water content in the detergent bars is generally maintained around 6%. The binders and fillers used in non-soap detergent NSD bars are typically minerals and the low moisture content coupled with the use of high proportion of minerals result in
NSD bars with high density making them considerably smaller. If gases such as air, oxygen, nitrogen or carbon dioxide can be entrapped in the detergent bar the bulk density of the bar can be reduced and it enables the manufacture of larger bars. tis . also possible to entrap sufficient air in order to make the bars float in the washing ~ . 25 solution. The concept of entrapment of air or gas has been achieved more ¢ particularly for soap bars as it is an advantage to have the bars float in the bath tub.
DE-A-19 826 430 discloses a process for continuous manufacture of floating soap, of adjustable foam density, in which molten soap at 75-90 degrees C, gas and additive materials such as colour and perfume, are fed to a closed mixing system, which is ‘ preferably a high-shear multiple pin unit. The foam density is controlled by the agitator rotational speed/degree of shear and the operating pressure, which should be sufficient for transfer to downstream processing units. Raw aerated soap is continuously discharged from a nozzle, and is fed either to moulds or via a cooling belt to a soap press. The gas can be air, carbon dioxide or nitrogen, etc. and is typically added at a rate of 0.5-1.0 glem® soap; perfume and colour addition is typically 2-5% w/w of the feed soap. : The object of the present invention is to provide a novel process for the manufacture of low density detergent bars by entrapping gas that is generated by the decomposition of the component of the detergent formulation during extrusion.
WO-A-9744434, WO-A-0017308 disclose the use of peroxygen bleaches such as perborates and percarbonates in detergent bar compositions. These are used as a source of active oxygen in the formulations. But in these cases care is taken to see that the compounds do not decompose during the process of manufacture but are available during use. Usually the product is conveyed to a two stage vacuum plodder operating at high vacuum so that entrapped air is removed.
EP-A-90 648, discloses a device such as cavity transfer mixer to introduce gas into the detergent material. The device has two closely spaced mutually displaceable surfaces each having a pattern of cavities which overlap during movement of surfaces so the material moved between the surfaces traces a path through cavities alternatively in each surface so that the bulk of the material passes through the shear zone in the material generated by displacement of the surfaces.
Definition of the invention . 25 Thus, according to the present invention there is provided a process for preparing a . non-granular solid detergent composition with entrapped gas bubbles, the composition comprising the ingredients: from 5% to 80% by weight of detergent active;
from 5% to 30% by weight of water; from 0% to 30% by weight, preferably from 1% to 30% detergency builder; and optionally, one or more other ingredients; which process comprises the steps of: admixture of the ingredients and from 0.1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 5% by weight of the composition of a chemical blowing agent that decomposes at a temperature in the range from 50°C to 90°C, to generate a gas optionally in presence of water, said chemical blowing agent being incorporated whilst the admixture is at temperature below 50°C; extruding the resultant mix at a temperature of from 50°C to 90°C; and "optionally cooling the resultant extrudate, converting it into billets and forming tablets.
It is preferable that the mixture containing the chemical blowing agent does not encounter a temperature of 50°C or higher before the mass reaches the extruder.
The raise in the temperature above the decomposition temperature of the chemical blowing agent helps in releasing the gas which gets entrapped in the bar formulation during extrusion and enables the preparation of low density bars.
It is possible that the temperature of the mass is raised to 60-90°C just before feeding into the extruder but it is preferred that the detergent composition does not encounter a temperature of 50°C higher until it is in the extruder. As a preferred aspect of the invention, the temperature of the extruder is raised to 60-90°C so that ‘ the generation of the gas takes place only in the extruder. it is particularly preferred that the temperature of the extruder is maintained at a temperature range 60-75°C. ' As a preferred aspect of the invention, the temperature of the bar coming out of the extruder should be cooled down to ~ 45°C by way of either cooling the die or by passing it through a cooling tunnel.
Processing []
The steps of mixing and extrusion use conventional mixing and extrusion apparatus.
The step comprising cooling of the extrudate, conversion to billets and forming tablets (bars) is optional but also involves use of typical apparatus, including conventional die stampers.
Thus, the invention can be carried out in any mixer conventionally used in soapl/detergent manufacture and is preferably a high shear kneading mixer. The preferred mixers include ploughshare mixer, mixers with kneading members of sigma type, multi wiping overlap, single curve or double arm. The double arm kneading mixers can be of overlapping or tangential in design. Alternatively the invention can be carried out in a helical screw agitator vessel or multi head dosing pump/high shear mixer and spray drier combinations as in conventional processing.
The composition that can be processed by the above process to entrap the gas in order to reduce the density of the bar is any conventional detergent composition comprising detergent active, builder, structurants etc but containing 0.1-10% a chemical blowing agent that decomposes to generate a gas at a temperature range 50-90°C optionally in presence of water.
We may also claim the intermediate extrudable composition containing the blowing agent, before the release of the gas. Thus, a second aspect of the present invention provides an intermediate extrudable composition comprising: from 5% to 80% by weight of detergent active; from 0.1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 5% by weight of a chemical blowing agent that decomposes at a temperature in the range of from 50°C to 90°C to ‘ generate a gas, optionally in the presence of water,
Cy 25 from 5% to 30% by weight of water; from 0% to 30%, preferably from 1% to 30% by weight of detergency builder; and optionally, one or more other ingredients. . .
Further, the blowing agent may be lost completely from the composition after release of the gas or it may leave a residue. Thus, a third aspect of the present invention provides a solid non-granular detergent composition comprising:- 5 from 5% to 80% by weight of detergent active; the residue of a chemical blowing agent; from 5% to 30% by weight of water; from 0% to 30%, preferably from 1% to 30% by weight of detergency builder, and optionally, one or more other ingredients.
Chemical blowing agents:
Chemical blowing agents used in the formulation are those that decompose at temperatures in the range 50-90°C and generate a gas. A few examples of such compounds are sodium perborate, hydrogen peroxide and other per-oxy compounds, certain azo compounds which give out nitrogen on decomposition for e.g. 1,1-azobis- isobutyronitrile, 2,2-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valenonitrile), 2,2-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4- dimethylvalenonitrile) and several others listed in “Polymeric materials encyclopaedia” Vol. 1, CRC Press, edited by J.C. Salamone, bicarbonates which give CO. on heating, or di-isocyanates which give CO: by reacting with water and boro-hydrides which give out hydrogen.
The level at which the chemical blowing agent is incorporated in the composition is in / the range 0.1 to 10% by weight but preferably in the range 1-5%. . Detergent Active:
The detergent active used in the process may be selected from one or more soap andlor one or more non-soap surfactants. The composition according to the invention will preferably comprise detergent actives which are generally chosen from both anionic and nonionic detergent actives. Other actives such as cationic, ; amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants may also be used. Examples of suitable detergent-active species are given in the following well-known textbooks: (i) “Surface
Active Agents”, Volume 1 by Schwartz and Perry, (ii) “Surface Active Agents and
Detergents”, Volume 11 by Schwartz, Perry and Berch, (iii) “Handbook of
Surfactants”, M.R. Porter, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1991.
Builders .
The detergency builder used in the formulation is preferably inorganic and suitable builders include, for example, alkali metal aluminosilicates (zeolites), alkali metal carbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), citrates, sodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA) and combinations of these. Builders are suitably used in an amount ranging from 1 to 30% by wt.
Inorganic particulates:
Inorganic particulate phase is not an essential ingredient of the formulation but may be incorporated especially for hard surface cleaning compositions. Preferably, the particulate phase comprises a particulate structurant and/or abrasive which is : insoluble in water. In the alternative, the abrasive may be soluble and present in such excess to any water present in the composition that the solubility of the abrasive in the aqueous phase is exceeded and consequently solid abrasive exists in the composition.
Suitable inorganic particulates can be selected from, particulate zeolites, calcites, dolomites, feldspars, silicas, silicates, other carbonates, bicarbonates, sulphates and polymeric materials such as polyethylene. ‘ The most preferred inorganic particulates are calcium carbonate (as Calcite), mixtures of calcium and magnesium carbonates (as dolomite), sodium hydrogen t carbonate, borax, sodium/potassium sulphate, zeolite, feldspars, talc, kaolin and silica.
Calcite, talc, kaolin, feldspar and dolomite and mixtures thereof are particularly ) preferred due to their low cost and colour.
Other addivitives:
Other additives such as one or more water insoluble particulate materials such as polysaccharides such as starch or modified starches and cellulose may be incorporated.
Minor additives:
Conventional ingredients preferably selected from enzymes, antiredeposition agents, fluorescers, colour, preservatives and perfumes, also bleaches, bleach precursors, bleach stabilisers, sequestrants, soil release agents (usually polymers) and other polymers may optionally be incorporated up to 10 wt%.
The invention will now be illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.
Process for preparation of the Detergent bars:
Different formulations as described in Table 1 and 2 were prepared and analysed for bar density.
Soap bars: a. Conventional Process:
A batch of 2 Kg bar was prepared by taking 1.82 Kg of soap cleanse containing approximately 32% water, along with 60 gms of soda ash, 20 gms of sodium sulphite, ’ 94 gms of alkaline sodium silicate and 6 gms of minors such as colour and perfume, mixing them thoroughly in a sigma mixer at ambient temperature of approximately 25°C, followed by plodding in the conventional manner at a temperature of approximately 45°C (example 1). A similar batch was prepared but with the addition of approximately 40g of sodium perborate which was compensated by soda ash.
The dough was plodded at approximately 45°C (example 2).
. b. Process according to the invention:
A batch similar to the one mentioned above in example 2 was prepared in the mixer.
However, temperature in the plodder was maintained at 65°C (example 3). These bars were cooled to about 45°C by cooling the plodder cone/die using chilled water.
Cc. Process in which the temperature of the dough was high:
A batch similar to the one mentioned above in example 2 was prepared in the mixer but the mixing was carried out at high temperature of 65°C, thus the dough was aerated during mixing. This dough was then plodded in the conventional manner (example 4).
Analysis of the density of the bar:
The density of the bar is measured by the standard method and calculated using the formula
Density (grams/cm®) = Weight of bar (grams)
Volume in cm’ ’
. .
Table 1
Composition (% wt) Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4
Data in Table 1 above shows that there is significant reduction in bar density when perborate is added to the formulation and is decomposed in the extruder the wayitis described in the invention (example 3 against example 1). Simple addition of perborate to the bar in a conventional manufacturing process does not give the benefit since the blowing agent does not decompose (example 2). On the other hand, if the gas is allowed to be generated in the mixer itself, then also there is no appreciable density reduction for the bar (example 4).
-
Non-soap (NSD) Bars: \
C. Conventional process
A batch of 6 Kg detergent bar was prepared by taking 1.2 Kg of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid in a sigma mixer and neutralising it with 600 g of sodium carbonate.
Other ingredients such as 720 g of STPP builder, 150 g of aluminum sulphate, 120 g of boric acid, 210 g of alkaline sodium silicate, approximately 3 Kg of fillers, water "and minor ingredients were then added. These were thoroughly mixed in a sigma mixer operating at ambient temperature of approximately 25°C and plodded in a conventional manner at approximately 45°C (example 5). dd Process according to the invention:
A batch similar to the one mentioned above in example 5 was prepared with the addition of approximately 120 g of sodium perborate in the mixer at the end, thoroughly mixing it at ambient temperature, and then plodding it at 70°C (example
< “
Table 2
Detergent Active 20 20 =
IN IL
I I
Conventional minor 2 2 =
EL I
Perpeoeees ’ 5 Data presented in Table 2 show that addition of perborate to the NSD bar formulation and decomposing it in the extruder in the manner described in the invention leads to significant reduction in bar density.
Claims (6)
1. A process for a process for preparing a non-granular solid detergent composition with entrapped gas bubbles, the composition comprising the ingredients: from 5% to80% by weight of detergent active; from 5% to 30% by weight of water; from 0% to 30% by weight, preferably from 1% to 30% detergency builder; and optionally, one or more other ingredients; which process comprises the steps of: admixture of the ingredients and from 0.1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 5% by weight of the composition of a chemical blowing agent that decomposes at a temperature in the range from 50°C to 90°C, to generate a gas optionally in presence of water, said chemical blowing agent being incorporated whilst the admixture is at temperature below 50°C; extruding the resultant mix at a temperature of from 50°C to 90°C; and optionally cooling the resultant extrudate, converting it into billets and forming tablets.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the ingredients other than the blowing agent are admixed and then the blowing agent is incorporated into the admixture. py 20 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the blowing agent is selected from bicarbonates, di-isocyanates, borohydrides, 1,1-azobis-isobutyronitrile, 2,2- : azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valenonitrile),-2,2-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4dimethylvalenonitrile), and mixtures thereof.
<
4. An intermediate extrudable composition comprising: ' from 5% to 80% by weight of detergent active; from 0.1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 5% by weight of a chemical blowing agent that decomposes at a temperature in the range of from 50°C to 90°C to generate a gas, optionally in the presence of water; from 5% to 30% by weight of water; from 0% to 30%, preferably from 1% to 30% by weight of detergency builder; and : optionally, one or more other ingredients. i0
5. A composition according to claim 4, at a temperature below 50°C.
6. A solid non-granular detergent composition comprising:- from 5% to 80% by weight of detergent active; the residue of a chemical blowing agent; from 5% to 30% by weight of water; from 0% to 30%, preferably from 1% to 30% by weight of detergency builder; and optionally, one or more other ingredients.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IN1158MU2000 | 2000-12-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ZA200304714B true ZA200304714B (en) | 2004-07-19 |
Family
ID=11097330
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA200304714A ZA200304714B (en) | 2000-12-26 | 2001-11-28 | Process for production of solid detergent compositions. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2002227987A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002051974A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200304714B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7612031B2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2009-11-03 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Health-and-hygiene appliance comprising a dispersible component and a releasable component disposed adjacent or proximate to said dispersible component; and processes for making said appliance |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB978192A (en) * | 1960-10-19 | 1964-12-16 | Mazzoni G Spa | An improved method for manufacturing floating soap and/or detergent tablets |
GB2096163B (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1985-03-06 | Unilever Plc | Built detergent bars |
US5244593A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1993-09-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Colorless detergent compositions with enhanced stability |
US5364575A (en) * | 1992-09-02 | 1994-11-15 | Doom Sr Lewis | Method and system for processing soap and soap-like materials |
WO1996035772A1 (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Soap-based laundry bars with improved firmness |
-
2001
- 2001-11-28 WO PCT/EP2001/014197 patent/WO2002051974A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-28 AU AU2002227987A patent/AU2002227987A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-28 ZA ZA200304714A patent/ZA200304714B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002051974A2 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
AU2002227987A1 (en) | 2002-07-08 |
WO2002051974A3 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
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