ZA200104741B - Method for reducing organic fluoride levels in hydrocarbons. - Google Patents
Method for reducing organic fluoride levels in hydrocarbons. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200104741B ZA200104741B ZA200104741A ZA200104741A ZA200104741B ZA 200104741 B ZA200104741 B ZA 200104741B ZA 200104741 A ZA200104741 A ZA 200104741A ZA 200104741 A ZA200104741 A ZA 200104741A ZA 200104741 B ZA200104741 B ZA 200104741B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- hydrocarbon
- signal
- phase
- reducing additive
- Prior art date
Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 191
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 191
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 183
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 154
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003940 butylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical class CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006308 propyl amino group Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003947 ethylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 mcthylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003956 methylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PRNZBCYBKGCOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoropropane Chemical compound CC(C)F PRNZBCYBKGCOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- KDSVEERUTJJIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)F KDSVEERUTJJIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YHRLGIPTCSGMRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoropentane Chemical compound CCCC(C)F YHRLGIPTCSGMRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013847 iso-butane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QYCHOJSGDMANGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethylsulfonyl)ethane Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)CCl QYCHOJSGDMANGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BITLXSQYFZTQGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroheptane Chemical class CCCCCCCF BITLXSQYFZTQGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITPAUTYYXIENLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluorononane Chemical class CCCCCCCCCF ITPAUTYYXIENLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHIVLKMGKIZOHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluorooctane Chemical class CCCCCCCCF DHIVLKMGKIZOHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBJCDTIWNDBNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylethane Chemical compound CCS(C)(=O)=O YBJCDTIWNDBNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEXYCADTAFPULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-propylsulfonylpropane Chemical compound CCCS(=O)(=O)CCC JEXYCADTAFPULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKFQMDFSDQFAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CC(C)S(=O)(=O)C1 WKFQMDFSDQFAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLLCNVLEVVFTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-2-methylbutane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)F HLLCNVLEVVFTJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COBSYACHGCFTOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-2-methylheptane Chemical class CCCCCC(C)(C)F COBSYACHGCFTOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJPHJTCHVBZRDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-2-methylhexane Chemical class CCCCC(C)(C)F XJPHJTCHVBZRDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGORGOVGPDCWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-2-methyloctane Chemical class CCCCCCC(C)(C)F IGORGOVGPDCWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSYWPBHDBBDHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-2-methylpentane Chemical class CCCC(C)(C)F JSYWPBHDBBDHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSMZLBOYBDRGBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)F GSMZLBOYBDRGBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXCNTLHKVMUETO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-3-methylbutane Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)F JXCNTLHKVMUETO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXHWZHXLJJPXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluorobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)F IXHWZHXLJJPXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZNLYXKOYORFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluorohexane Chemical compound CCCC(F)CC OZNLYXKOYORFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100238304 Mus musculus Morc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003442 catalytic alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000817 safety factor Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
- C10G29/205—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms by reaction with hydrocarbons added to the hydrocarbon oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/56—Addition to acyclic hydrocarbons
- C07C2/58—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/62—Catalytic processes with acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/238,244 US6114593A (en) | 1999-01-27 | 1999-01-27 | Method for reducing organic fluoride levels in hydrocarbons |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200104741B true ZA200104741B (en) | 2002-12-11 |
Family
ID=22897070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200104741A ZA200104741B (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2001-06-11 | Method for reducing organic fluoride levels in hydrocarbons. |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US6114593A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1177038A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2003507492A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU757818B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR0007270A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2350484A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2000044489A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200104741B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6114593A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-09-05 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for reducing organic fluoride levels in hydrocarbons |
| US7838708B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2010-11-23 | Grt, Inc. | Hydrocarbon conversion process improvements |
| US20050171393A1 (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2005-08-04 | Lorkovic Ivan M. | Hydrocarbon synthesis |
| US8173851B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2012-05-08 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons |
| US20060100469A1 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2006-05-11 | Waycuilis John J | Process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins and liquid hydrocarbons |
| US20080275284A1 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2008-11-06 | Marathon Oil Company | Process for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons |
| US7244867B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2007-07-17 | Marathon Oil Company | Process for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons |
| US8642822B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2014-02-04 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons using microchannel reactor |
| US7674941B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2010-03-09 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons |
| US7371918B2 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2008-05-13 | Uop Llc | Alkylation process with settler effluent recycle |
| US7446238B2 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2008-11-04 | Uop Llc | Alkylation process with recontacting in settler |
| AP2012006510A0 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2012-10-31 | Grt Inc | Continuous process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons |
| EA013629B1 (ru) | 2006-02-03 | 2010-06-30 | ДжиАрТи, ИНК. | Способ отделения легких газов от галогенов |
| US20090221863A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2009-09-03 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Comapny | HF akylation process |
| US20080139858A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-12 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | HF alkylation process |
| US8212098B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2012-07-03 | Exxonmobil Research & Engineering Company | HF alkylation process with internal acid regeneration |
| WO2008148113A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2008-12-04 | Grt, Inc. | Zone reactor incorporating reversible hydrogen halide capture and release |
| US7920027B2 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2011-04-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Amplifier design with biasing and power control aspects |
| US8282810B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2012-10-09 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Bromine-based method and system for converting gaseous alkanes to liquid hydrocarbons using electrolysis for bromine recovery |
| CA2730934C (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2017-07-04 | Grt, Inc. | Continuous process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons |
| US8227366B2 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2012-07-24 | Uop Llc | Alkylation system including a catalyst regeneration zone, and a process relating thereto |
| US8198495B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2012-06-12 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes and systems for the staged synthesis of alkyl bromides |
| US8367884B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2013-02-05 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes and systems for the staged synthesis of alkyl bromides |
| US8815050B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2014-08-26 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes and systems for drying liquid bromine |
| US8436220B2 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2013-05-07 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes and systems for demethanization of brominated hydrocarbons |
| US8829256B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2014-09-09 | Gtc Technology Us, Llc | Processes and systems for fractionation of brominated hydrocarbons in the conversion of natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons |
| US8802908B2 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2014-08-12 | Marathon Gtf Technology, Ltd. | Processes and systems for separate, parallel methane and higher alkanes' bromination |
| US9193641B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2015-11-24 | Gtc Technology Us, Llc | Processes and systems for conversion of alkyl bromides to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons in circulating catalyst reactor-regenerator systems |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3204011A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1965-08-31 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Defluorination process |
| US3975164A (en) * | 1975-02-05 | 1976-08-17 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus for purifying HF catalyst in an alkylation process |
| US4014953A (en) * | 1975-02-05 | 1977-03-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for purifying HF catalyst in an isoparaffin-olefin alkylation |
| US4046516A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-09-06 | Uop Inc. | Hydrogen fluoride-catalyzed alkylation apparatus |
| US4220806A (en) * | 1979-04-23 | 1980-09-02 | Uop Inc. | Plural stages of hydrofluoric acid alkylation utilizing separated acid phase as catalyst in the subsequent stage |
| US4239931A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1980-12-16 | Uop Inc. | HF Alkylatior process |
| US5094823A (en) | 1990-06-11 | 1992-03-10 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Combination acid recontactor-storage vessel |
| US5569807A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1996-10-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Isoparaffin-olefin alkylation |
| US5185485A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-02-09 | Monsanto Company | Process for preparing alkylbenzene |
| US5386076A (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1995-01-31 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Regeneration of HF-based alkylation catalyst |
| CA2092754C (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1999-03-16 | Ronald Gordon Abbott | Isoparaffin-olefin alkylation |
| US5407830A (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1995-04-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Control of low inventory alkylation unit |
| US5648588A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-07-15 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for removing sulfone and hydrogen fluoride from a hydrocarbon stream and producing a sulfone product free of hydrogen fluoride |
| US5689030A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1997-11-18 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for prolonging the life of alkylation product stream defluorinator beds |
| US6114593A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-09-05 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for reducing organic fluoride levels in hydrocarbons |
| US6552241B1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2003-04-22 | Conocophillips Company | Alkylation process |
-
1999
- 1999-01-27 US US09/238,244 patent/US6114593A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-24 CA CA002350484A patent/CA2350484A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-01-24 JP JP2000595779A patent/JP2003507492A/ja active Pending
- 2000-01-24 AU AU29720/00A patent/AU757818B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-01-24 BR BR0007270-2A patent/BR0007270A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-24 EP EP00908360A patent/EP1177038A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-01-24 WO PCT/US2000/001785 patent/WO2000044489A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-10 US US09/613,191 patent/US6423211B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-10 US US09/612,723 patent/US6426441B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-06-11 ZA ZA200104741A patent/ZA200104741B/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-05-28 US US10/156,714 patent/US6878350B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2972000A (en) | 2000-08-18 |
| US6423211B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
| US6114593A (en) | 2000-09-05 |
| EP1177038A4 (en) | 2007-02-21 |
| AU757818B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
| BR0007270A (pt) | 2001-10-30 |
| US6426441B1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| WO2000044489A1 (en) | 2000-08-03 |
| EP1177038A1 (en) | 2002-02-06 |
| US6878350B2 (en) | 2005-04-12 |
| US20020185413A1 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
| CA2350484A1 (en) | 2000-08-03 |
| JP2003507492A (ja) | 2003-02-25 |
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