WO2025124403A1 - 一种耳夹式耳机 - Google Patents

一种耳夹式耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025124403A1
WO2025124403A1 PCT/CN2024/138270 CN2024138270W WO2025124403A1 WO 2025124403 A1 WO2025124403 A1 WO 2025124403A1 CN 2024138270 W CN2024138270 W CN 2024138270W WO 2025124403 A1 WO2025124403 A1 WO 2025124403A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
projection
line
feature point
force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/138270
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔超杰
徐江
钟雷
刘昊宸
袁伟杰
王磊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2024/076495 external-priority patent/WO2025123484A1/zh
Application filed by Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025124403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025124403A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/105—Earpiece supports, e.g. ear hooks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/10—Details of earpieces, attachments therefor, earphones or monophonic headphones covered by H04R1/10 but not provided for in any of its subgroups

Definitions

  • PCT international application as well as PCT international application with application number PCT/CN2024/076388 and application date February 6, 2024, and PCT international application with application number PCT/CN2024/076389 and application date February 6, 2024, and Chinese patent application with application number CN2024101723779 and application date February 6, 2024, and claim priority of the above seven patent applications, and the entire contents of the seven patent applications are incorporated into this application by reference.
  • the present invention relates to the field of earphones, and in particular to an ear-clip earphone.
  • ear clip headphones are a new type of headphones that can be clamped on the wearer's ear helix by clamping force.
  • the clamping force increases with the thickness of the clamped auricle, resulting in a greater clamping force as the thickness of the auricle increases.
  • an ear clip-on headset comprising: a sound-emitting portion, which is configured to be located in the wearer's cavum concha and in contact with the inner wall of the cavum concha when in a worn state, and the sound-emitting portion comprises: a shell having a receiving cavity; a sound-emitting component received in the receiving cavity, the sound-emitting component being used to convert an electrical signal into an acoustic signal and play the sound; a sound outlet, which is located on the shell and is configured to output the sound generated by the sound-emitting component; an abutment portion, which is configured to abut the back side of the wearer's auricle when in a worn state, and a battery is disposed in the abutment portion; an ear hook, which is configured to bypass the wearer's anti-helix and auricle, connect to the sound-emitting portion and the abutment portion, and provide a clamping force for the sound-
  • the ear hook has a first symmetry plane
  • the shell is projected on the first symmetry plane to form a first projection
  • the abutment portion is projected on the first symmetry plane to form a second projection
  • the ear hook is projected on the first symmetry plane to form a third projection
  • the third projection includes an inner contour curve
  • the first projection and the second projection are in contact, and between the first projection and the second projection
  • the first projection and the second projection have a first common tangent line
  • the first common tangent line is tangent to the first projection and the second projection at the first tangent point at the same time, and the first tangent point serves as a first feature point
  • there is an overlapping area between the first projection and the second projection and at the overlapping area, there are two intersection points between the outer contour of the first projection and the outer contour of the second projection, and the midpoint of the line connecting the two intersection points serves as the first feature point
  • the point on the inner contour curve that is farthest from the first feature point serves as
  • the intersection of the curve segment connected to the second projection on the inner contour curve and the second auxiliary line is defined as the fourth feature point, and the line connecting the fourth feature point and the second feature point is defined as the third line.
  • the part of the inner contour curve corresponding to the third line has a second arc length, and the ratio between the second arc length and the length of the third line is defined as the second arc-chord ratio, and the second arc-chord ratio is 1.11-1.24, or the second arc-chord ratio is greater than 1.24 and less than or equal to 1.40.
  • the point on the first projection closest to the second feature point is used as the fifth feature point
  • the line connecting the fifth feature point and the second feature point is used as the fourth line
  • the extension of the fourth line intersects the first projection at the sixth feature point
  • the line connecting the fifth feature point and the sixth feature point is defined as the fifth line
  • the curve segment of the first projection corresponding to the fifth line has a third arc length
  • the ratio of the third arc length to the length of the fifth line is defined as the third arc-chord ratio
  • the third arc-chord ratio is 1.4-1.7
  • the third arc-chord ratio is greater than 1.7 and less than or equal to 1.8.
  • the abutting portion when the abutting portion is held by hand and the sound emitting portion is freely placed so that the sound emitting portion faces the ground along the direction of gravity, the abutting portion contacts the sound emitting portion.
  • the preload force is between 0.01N-0.25N.
  • the elastic coefficient of the ear hook is between 0.01 N/mm and 0.24 N/mm.
  • the clamping force is between 0.1 N and 0.2 N.
  • the clamping force is between 0.14N-0.2N.
  • the change in the clamping force does not exceed 0.20 N.
  • the ear hook includes a titanium sheet and a flexible layer wrapped around the outside of the titanium sheet, and the shell and the abutment portion are respectively connected at two ends in the length direction of the titanium sheet.
  • the dimension of the titanium sheet in the width direction is between 1.5mm-3mm, and the dimension in the thickness direction is between 0.15mm-0.3mm.
  • a first magnet is disposed in the sound-generating portion, and a second magnet is disposed in the abutting portion.
  • the first magnet and the second magnet attract each other to compensate for the clamping force provided by the sound-generating portion and the abutting portion.
  • an ear-clip earphone comprising: a sound-emitting portion, which is configured to be located in the concha of a wearer and in contact with the inner wall of the concha in a worn state, and the sound-emitting portion comprises: a shell having a receiving cavity; a sound-emitting component received in the receiving cavity; a sound outlet located on the shell and configured to conduct sound generated by the sound-emitting component; an abutment portion, which is configured to abut the back side of an auricle of the wearer in a worn state; and an ear hook, which is configured to bypass the anti-helix and the auricle of the wearer in a worn state, connect the sound-emitting portion and the abutment portion, and provide a clamping force for the sound-emitting portion and the abutment portion to be clamped on both sides of the auricle; wherein a first magnet is provided in the sound-emitting portion
  • FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ear-clip earphone according to some embodiments of the present specification
  • FIG5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of obtaining a preload force according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary schematic diagram of fitting preload based on two pulling forces and two corresponding distances according to some embodiments of the present specification
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a linear variation of clamping force according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ear-clip earphone according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a first magnet and a second magnet in an ear clip-on headset according to some embodiments of the present specification
  • FIG12 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an ear clip-type headset in a non-wearing state according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B are exemplary schematic diagrams showing changes in clamping force provided by an ear hook, a first magnet, and a second magnet according to some embodiments of the present specification;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a projection of an ear-clip earphone on a first symmetry plane according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • system used in this specification is a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels.
  • the words can be replaced by other expressions.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of an ear clip earphone according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of wearing an ear clip earphone according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • the ear clip earphones in this specification may include but are not limited to bone conduction earphones, air conduction earphones, and bone-air conduction earphones.
  • the ear clip earphones may be combined with glasses, headphones, head-mounted display devices, AR/VR helmets, and other products.
  • the ear clip type earphone 100 may include a sound emitting portion 1 , an abutting portion 2 , and an ear hook 3 .
  • the sound-emitting part 1 is a sound playing device, which can be used to convert an electrical signal into an acoustic signal and play it to the wearer.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sound-emitting part according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the sound-emitting part 1 may include a shell 11, a sound-emitting component 12 and a sound outlet 13.
  • the shell 11 may have a receiving cavity 111 for accommodating at least the sound-emitting component 12.
  • the sound-emitting component 12 is capable of converting an electrical signal into an acoustic signal, and may include one or more speakers, for example.
  • the sound outlet 13 may be located on the shell 11, and is configured to export the sound generated by the sound-emitting component 12.
  • the housing 11 may be a sphere, a cuboid, a cylinder, a terrace, an L-shape, a U-shape, a V-shape, or any irregular shape.
  • the housing may be made of plastic, metal, or other supporting materials that can be used as earphone housings to provide more stable support for the internal components of the housing 11 (such as the sound generating component 12).
  • the abutment portion 2 can cooperate with the sound-generating portion 1 to form a clamping device for clamping the ear clip-on earphone on the wearer's ear helix.
  • the abutment portion 2 can be used as a battery compartment for installing batteries or other components.
  • the battery can be installed in the sound-generating portion 1.
  • the ear hook 3 is used to connect the sound-generating part 1 and the abutting part 2.
  • the sound-generating part 1 is configured to be located in the wearer's cavum concha 401 and to contact the inner wall of the cavum concha 401;
  • the abutting part 2 is configured to abut the back side of the wearer's auricle 404;
  • the ear hook 3 can be configured to bypass the wearer's antihelix 403 and auricle 402, connect the sound-generating part 1 and the abutting part 2, and provide a clamping force for the sound-generating part 1 and the abutting part 2 to be clamped on both sides of the auricle 404.
  • the ear hook 3 can provide a pre-tightening force for the sound-generating part and the abutting part, so that the sound-generating part 1 and the abutting part 2 can abut against each other.
  • a flexible body 112 may be provided in the area of the housing 11 that abuts the abutment portion 2.
  • the area abutting the abutment portion 2 refers to the area on the housing 11 that contacts the abutment portion 2 when not in wear.
  • the flexible body 112 may be made of silicone or other skin-friendly flexible materials to improve the comfort of the sound-emitting portion 1 when in contact with the wearer.
  • the ear hook 3 may be symmetrically arranged, and the ear hook 3 has a first symmetry plane S 1 .
  • the first symmetry plane S 1 in the wearing state, may be parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the first symmetry plane S 1 may be located at the midpoint of the width direction of the ear hook 3.
  • the first symmetry plane S 1 may divide the ear hook 3 into two symmetrical parts located on both sides of the first symmetry plane S 1 and symmetrical to each other along the length direction of the ear hook 3 (i.e., the extension direction from the end of the ear hook 3 connected to the sound-emitting part 1 to the end of the ear hook 3 connected to the abutting part 2).
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a projection of an ear clip-on earphone on a first symmetry plane according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the sound-emitting portion 1 forms a first projection 1' on the first symmetry plane S1
  • the abutting portion 2 forms a second projection 2' on the first symmetry plane S1
  • the ear hook 3 forms a third projection 3' on the first symmetry plane S1.
  • the first projection 1' has a lowest point A
  • the second projection 2' has a lowest point B
  • the first projection 1' and the second projection 2' have a common tangent line Q1 passing through point A and point B
  • the tangent line Q1 is tangent to the first projection 1' at point A
  • the tangent line Q1 is tangent to the second projection 2' at point B.
  • the following description is made by taking the case where the earphone 100 is placed on a horizontal plane and the first symmetry plane S1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the contact point between the sound-emitting part 1 and the horizontal plane is point A
  • the contact point between the abutting part 2 and the horizontal plane is point B, that is, the sound-emitting part 1 is tangent to the horizontal plane at point A
  • the abutting part 2 is tangent to the horizontal plane at point B.
  • the straight line Q1 where points A and B are located in FIG14 can be regarded as the projection of the horizontal plane on the first symmetry plane S1 , and the straight line Q1 is tangent to the first projection 1' at point A and tangent to the second projection 2' at point B.
  • the first symmetry plane S1 is parallel to the plane where the paper surface shown in FIG14 is located.
  • the third projection 3' includes an inner contour curve and an outer contour curve.
  • the inner contour curve corresponds to the contour of one side of the ear hook 3 close to the helix when worn
  • the outer contour curve corresponds to the contour of the other side of the ear hook 3 away from the helix when worn.
  • point A as the dividing point
  • the part connected to the inner contour curve of the third projection 3' is the inner contour of the first projection 1'
  • the part connected to the outer contour curve of the third projection 3' is the outer contour of the first projection 1'.
  • the part connected to the inner contour curve of the third projection 3' is the inner contour of the second projection 2'; the part connected to the outer contour curve of the third projection 3' is the outer contour of the second projection 2'.
  • the inner contour of the first projection 1', the inner contour of the third projection 3', and the inner contour of the second projection 2' are connected in sequence to form the inner contour of the earphone 100; the outer contour of the first projection 1', the outer contour of the third projection 3', and the outer contour of the second projection 2' are connected in sequence to form the outer contour of the earphone 100.
  • the center point such as the centroid, the center of area, etc.
  • the sound-emitting part 1 contacts the abutting part 2
  • the inner contour of the first projection 1' and the inner contour of the second projection 2' fit.
  • a common tangent line Q 2 can be determined on the inner contour of the first projection 1' and the inner contour of the second projection 2', and the common tangent line Q 2 is tangent to the inner contour of the first projection 1' and the inner contour of the second projection 2' at the first tangent point O.
  • Point O can be used as the first characteristic point.
  • the centroid of the projection of the contact surface on the first symmetry plane S 1 is the first characteristic point O.
  • the side of the first projection 1' away from the third projection 3' and the side of the second projection 2' away from the third projection 3' have a common tangent (i.e., common tangent Q 1 ), the second tangent point of the common tangent Q 1 and the first projection 1' is point A, the third tangent point of the common tangent Q 1 and the second projection 2' is point B, and the line connecting point A and point B (i.e., line AB, straight line Q 1 ) can be used as a reference line Q 1 .
  • a common tangent i.e., common tangent Q 1
  • the second tangent point of the common tangent Q 1 and the first projection 1' is point A
  • the third tangent point of the common tangent Q 1 and the second projection 2' is point B
  • the line connecting point A and point B i.e., line AB, straight line Q 1
  • the first projection 1' and the second projection 2' have an overlapping area, and in the overlapping area, the outer contour of the first projection 1' and the outer contour of the second projection 2' have two intersection points, and the midpoint of the line connecting the two intersection points is used as the first feature point O.
  • the inner contour curve of the third projection 3' has at least one point C that is farthest from the first feature point O. In some embodiments, if there are multiple points that are farthest from the first feature point O, at this time, the point closest to the second projection 2' of the abutment portion 2 among these farthest points can be used as the second feature point C.
  • the second feature point C can be determined by tools, programs, etc. For example, by inputting the contour curve parameters of the earphone 10 (such as the simulated curve function of the inner contour of the earphone 10, the simulated curve function of the outer contour of the earphone 10, etc.), the corresponding tools, programs, etc. can determine the information of the first feature point O, thereby outputting the information of the second feature point C (such as the position, etc.).
  • a first auxiliary line Q 3 is drawn through the second feature point C toward the side of the first projection 1', and the first angle between the first auxiliary line Q 3 and the first line (i.e., line OC) has a first preset value range, and the intersection point E of the inner contour curve of the third projection 3' and the first auxiliary line Q 3 can be defined as the third feature point.
  • the line CE between the third feature point E and the second feature point C is the second line, and the second line (i.e., line CE) is colinear with the first auxiliary line Q 3.
  • the third feature point E can be used as the dividing point between the inner contour curve of the third projection 3' and the inner contour of the first projection 1'.
  • the portion of the ear hook 3 corresponding to the second line CE (e.g., the portion corresponding to the arc CE segment) is arranged on the side of the second line CE away from the abutment portion 2 to avoid interference between the ear hook 12 and the antihelix and the helix.
  • the first angle i.e., ⁇ OCE
  • the inner contour of the part of the ear hook 3 corresponding to the second line CE may interfere with and squeeze the part from the helix to the concha of the user's ear.
  • the size of the ear hook 3 may be too large, causing the sound-emitting part 1 to interfere with the user's tragus or block the user's ear canal.
  • the first preset value range of the first angle may be 27°-37°, or greater than 37° and less than or equal to 50°.
  • the first preset value range of the first angle may be 27°, 33°, 37°, etc., actual values between 27°-37°, or the first preset value range of the first angle may also be 40°, 41°, 43°, 45°, etc., actual values greater than 37° and less than or equal to 50°.
  • the angle between the second connecting line CE and the first connecting line may be 27°-37°.
  • the angle between the second connecting line CE and the first connecting line may be 33°.
  • the inner contour curve portion (i.e., arc CE) of the third projection 3' corresponding to the second line CE has a first arc length
  • the ratio between the first arc length and the length of the second line CE can be defined as a first arc-chord ratio.
  • the first arc-chord ratio can reflect the flatness of the arc CE corresponding to the second line CE. The larger the first arc-chord ratio, the greater the convexity of the arc CE corresponding to the second line CE, the larger the area within the arc CE, and the corresponding part of the ear hook 3 is less likely to interfere with the part of the ear from the helix to the concha cavity.
  • the first arc-chord ratio can be 1.10-1.25.
  • the first arc-chord ratio can be 1.14.
  • the first arc-chord ratio may be greater than 1.24 and less than or equal to 1.4.
  • the first arc-chord ratio may be 1.25, 1.29, 1.3, 1.4, or other actual values greater than 1.24 and less than or equal to 1.4.
  • the inner contour curve portion (i.e., arc CH) of the third projection 3' corresponding to the third line CH has a second arc length
  • the ratio between the second arc length and the length of the third line CH can be defined as a second arc-chord ratio.
  • the second arc-chord ratio can reflect the flatness of the arc CH corresponding to the third line CH. The larger the second arc-chord ratio, the greater the convexity of the arc CH corresponding to the third line CH, the larger the area within the arc CH, and the more likely the abutment portion 2 and the ear hook 3 are to abut the head skin on the back of the auricle.
  • the sound-emitting part 1 may block the user's ear canal or interfere with the tragus; if the distance between the second characteristic point C and the sixth characteristic point M is too small, the size of the sound-emitting part 1 may be affected, thereby affecting the listening effect, or causing the sound-emitting part 1 to interfere with the antihelix.
  • the clamping force is the force applied to the ear by the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 when clamping the ear of the wearer.
  • FIG8 is an exemplary schematic diagram of the clamping force shown in some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG8 , when the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 clamp the ear of the wearer whose auricle thickness is D, they respectively apply a force F to the ear, and the force F is the clamping force.
  • the clamping force may include the deformation force F' generated by the elastic deformation of the ear hook 3.
  • the abutment portion 2 when the abutment portion 2 is held and the sound-emitting portion 1 is freely placed and the sound-emitting portion 1 is facing the ground along the direction of gravity, the abutment portion 2 is in contact with the sound-emitting portion 1.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary schematic diagram of clamping force variation curves corresponding to different elastic coefficients within a certain range according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • the clamping force variation curve can reflect the clamping force corresponding to different auricle thicknesses.
  • L 1 is the clamping force variation curve corresponding to an ear hook with an elastic coefficient of 0.075 N/mm
  • L 2 is the clamping force variation curve corresponding to an ear hook with an elastic coefficient of 0.045 N/mm. As shown in FIG.
  • the structure of the ear hook 3 (such as shape, components included) can be designed to provide a preload force, thereby ensuring the stability of small ear wear.
  • a titanium sheet can be provided in the ear hook 3 so that the ear hook 3 can provide a preload force.
  • the preload force can be between 0.01N-0.20N.
  • the preload force can be between 0.01N-0.25N.
  • the preload force can be 0.08N.
  • the preload force can compensate for the reduction in clamping force due to the reduction in the elastic coefficient.
  • the elastic coefficient in order to reduce the gap in clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness and the maximum auricle thickness, the elastic coefficient can be reduced.
  • reducing the elastic coefficient may reduce the clamping force and affect the wearing stability.
  • the ear hook 3 applies a preload force to the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 to improve the wearing stability when the elastic coefficient becomes smaller.
  • the preload force provides all the clamping force, so the maximum value of the preload force F 0 is the clamping force lower limit F s corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness D s .
  • the clamping force variation curve changes from the straight line L 2 to the straight line L 3 .
  • the clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness D s is 0.25 N, which can ensure the wearing stability of small-eared users;
  • the clamping force corresponding to the maximum auricle thickness D m becomes Fm', which is less than 0.65 N;
  • the difference in clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness D s and the maximum auricle thickness D m is maintained at ⁇ F 2 .
  • the clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness D s is 0.25N, which can ensure the wearing stability of users with small ears; the clamping force corresponding to the maximum auricle thickness D m becomes Fm", which is less than 0.45N; the difference in clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness D s and the maximum auricle thickness D m is maintained at ⁇ F3. That is to say, when the distance between the shell of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 changes between D s (3.8mm) and D m (5.5mm), the change in clamping force does not exceed 0.20N.
  • clamping force variation curve shown in Figure 9 is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification.
  • the relationship between the auricle thickness and the clamping force may be nonlinear.
  • the preload force can be measured by a thin film pressure sensor.
  • the thin film pressure sensor is placed between the sound-generating part 1 and the abutting part 2, so that the thin film pressure sensor is squeezed by the sound-generating part 1 and the abutting part 2, thereby measuring the preload force.
  • the preload force can be measured by applying a tensile force to the sound-emitting portion 1 and/or the abutting portion 2.
  • a tensile force in the opposite direction to the preload force applied to the sound-emitting portion 1 and/or the abutting portion 2 can be applied to the sound-emitting portion 1 and/or the abutting portion 2 for multiple times.
  • Each applied tensile force causes a certain distance between the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2. Based on the tensile forces applied multiple times and the corresponding distances, the preload force between the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2 can be determined.
  • Figure 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of measuring preload force according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • a pulling force F1 when a pulling force F1 is applied to the sound-emitting part 1 or the abutting part 2, the distance between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 is D1 ;
  • a pulling force F2 when a pulling force F2 is applied to the sound-emitting part 1 or the abutting part 2, the distance between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 is D2 ;
  • the preload force F0 can be determined.
  • the pulling force applied to the sound-emitting portion 1 and/or the abutting portion 2 can be determined by a dynamometer.
  • the dynamometer may include, but is not limited to, a digital dynamometer (such as a digital push-pull dynamometer), a mechanical dynamometer (such as a spring dynamometer), etc.
  • the distance between the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2 can be determined by a distance meter.
  • the distance meter may include, but is not limited to, a vernier caliper, a laser distance meter, etc.
  • FIG6A and FIG6B are exemplary schematic diagrams of determining the pulling force and the corresponding distance according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the auxiliary plate 603 and the angle bracket 601 are fixed in the Y direction
  • the auxiliary plate 604 and the angle bracket 602 are fixed in the Y direction by an adhesive (e.g., quick-drying glue, hot melt adhesive, etc.) or other fixing methods that do not damage the structure of the ear clip type earphone
  • the auxiliary plate 603 and the auxiliary plate 604 are placed on a support surface with a small friction coefficient in the Y direction (e.g., a lubricating oil interface or a support surface on a bearing support).
  • the inner side of the angle bracket 601 in the Z direction and the inner side of the angle bracket 602 in the Z direction are tangent to the two sides of the earphone, respectively, so that the earphone is fixed between the angle bracket 601 and the angle bracket 602.
  • the screw 605 passes through the angle bracket 601 to fix the sounding part 1 in the Y direction of the angle bracket 601, and the nut 606 connects the dynamometer 607 in the Y direction to the angle bracket 602.
  • the earphones can be further fixed by adhesives (e.g., quick-drying glue, hot melt adhesive, etc.) or other fixing methods that do not damage the ear clip earphone structure, so that the connection points between the earphones and the two corner codes are close to the horizontal direction.
  • adhesives e.g., quick-drying glue, hot melt adhesive, etc.
  • the outer side of the sound-emitting part 1 is fixed at point 608-1
  • the outer side of the abutment part 2 is fixed at point 608-2, so that the connection point A between the connection point 601 on one side of the sound-emitting part 1 and the connection point B between the connection point 602 on one side of the abutment part 2 are parallel to the Y direction.
  • the auxiliary plate 604 When measuring, the auxiliary plate 604 is fixed, and the auxiliary plate 603 is moved with a pulling force in the Y direction, so that the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 are pulled apart, and the magnitude of the pulling force is obtained by the dynamometer 607, and the distance between the auxiliary plate 603 and the auxiliary plate 604, that is, the distance between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 is obtained by the vernier caliper.
  • the clamping device 610 fixes the abutting portion 2 by means of a fastener 610-1, connects one end of the force measuring line 612 to the shell of the sound-emitting portion 1 on the side away from the battery compartment (for example, the measuring device is at the maximum cross section 611 parallel to the horizontal plane) by means of an adhesive (for example, quick-drying glue, hot melt adhesive, etc.), and connects the other end of the force measuring line 612 to a force gauge 614.
  • the force measuring line 612 is parallel to the Y direction.
  • the force gauge 613 is fixed, and the force gauge 614 is moved by the tension in the Y direction, thereby pulling the sound-emitting portion 1 to move, so that the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2 are pulled apart, and the distance between the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2 is obtained by means of a vernier caliper 609, and the magnitude of the tension is obtained by means of a force gauge 607.
  • a straight line of relationship between the tension and the distance can be obtained by data fitting based on the tension and the corresponding distance, and the preload force between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 when the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 are in abutment (i.e., the distance between the sound-emitting part and the abutment part is 0 mm) can be determined based on the straight line of relationship between the tension and the distance.
  • FIG7 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a straight line of relationship between tension and distance shown in some embodiments of the present specification.
  • a first magnet may be provided in the sound-emitting part 1, and a second magnet may be provided in the abutting part 2, and the first magnet and the second magnet attract each other to compensate for the clamping force provided by the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2.
  • the attraction force between the first magnet and the second magnet to compensate for the clamping force see FIG. 10 and its related description.
  • the ear hook 3 may include a material such as metal or alloy having elasticity.
  • the elastic material may be a linear structure having a length, a strip structure, etc.
  • the ear hook 3 may include a titanium sheet.
  • the ear hook 3 may include a titanium sheet 31 and a flexible layer 32 wrapped around the outside of the titanium sheet, and the two ends 31-a and 31-b of the titanium sheet 31 in the length direction are respectively connected to the housing 11 and the abutment portion 2.
  • the use of titanium sheet as the elastic material of the ear hook 3 can reduce the torque at both ends of the titanium sheet, so that the relationship between the clamping force and the distance between the housing 11 of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment portion 2 is close to a linear relationship.
  • the dimension of the titanium sheet in the width direction may be between 1.5 mm and 3 mm, and the dimension in the thickness direction may be between 0.15 mm and 0.3 mm.
  • the elastic coefficient of the ear hook is determined based on the Young's modulus bending stiffness, thickness, length and width of the elastic material in the ear hook 3. Specifically, the thickness h and length L of the titanium sheet are determined based on the outer dimensions of the ear hook 3, and further based on the Young's modulus bending stiffness of titanium and the range of the elastic coefficient of the ear hook, the dimension of the titanium sheet in the width direction and the dimension in the thickness direction can be determined.
  • the ear hook 3 provides a pre-tightening force for the shell 111 of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2, so as to ensure that when the difference in clamping force between the wearer with small ears and the wearer with large ears is reduced by reducing the elastic coefficient of the ear hook 3, the clamping force on the small ear can be maintained unchanged, thereby improving the stability and comfort of wearers with different auricle thicknesses.
  • the second characteristic point C is a protruding point of the ear hook 3, and the stress of the ear hook 3 at the second characteristic point C is relatively large.
  • the protrusion of the third projection 3' near the second characteristic point C should not be too large.
  • the protrusion of the third projection 3' near the second characteristic point C is too small, it will affect the overall structure and size of the earphone 10, and may cause the ear hook 3 to interfere with the user's ear, affecting the wearing stability of the earphone 100.
  • two arc segments e.g., arc CT1 and arc CT2 with equal arc lengths can be determined on both sides of the inner contour curve of the third projection 3', with the second characteristic point C as the center, and the line between the ends of the two arc segments (e.g., arc CT1 and arc CT2) away from the second characteristic point C is the line T1T2, and the arc segment corresponding to the line T1T2 is the arc T1T2.
  • the arc chord ratio between the arc length of arc T1T2 and the length of line T1T2 can represent the curvature of the corresponding arc T1T2, thereby representing the protrusion of the inner contour curve at the corresponding position of arc T1T2.
  • point T1 and point T2 in order to accurately characterize the protrusion of the ear hook 3 near the second characteristic point C, point T1 and point T2 should not be too close or too far from the second characteristic point C.
  • the arc lengths of arcs CT1 and CT2 may be 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm.
  • the preset arc length range in order to further improve the accuracy of the characterization of the protrusion of the ear hook 3 near the second characteristic point C, the preset arc length range may be 2.7 mm to 3.2 mm.
  • the arc-chord ratio between the arc length of the arc T1T2 and the length of the line T1T2 may be 1.00-1.10.
  • the arc-chord ratio between the arc length of the arc T1T2 and the length of the line T1T2 may be 1.01-1.07.
  • the arc-chord ratio between the arc length of the arc T1T2 and the length of the line T1T2 may be 1.04.
  • the arc-chord ratio between the arc length of arc T1T2 and the length of line T1T2 may be 1.03-1.12.
  • the arc-chord ratio between the arc length of arc T1T2 and the length of line T1T2 may be 1.06.
  • 10A and 10B are schematic structural diagrams of ear clip-on headphones according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the ear clip earphone shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B is similar to the ear clip earphone shown in FIG. 1 , and also includes a sound-emitting portion 1, an abutting portion 2, and an ear hook 3.
  • a first magnet 21 is provided in the sound-emitting portion 1
  • a second magnet 22 is provided in the abutting portion 2. The first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 attract each other to compensate for the clamping force provided by the ear hook 3 to the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2.
  • Compensating for the clamping force provided by the ear hook 3 to the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2 can be understood as a part of the clamping force provided by the ear hook 3 being formed by the mutual attraction between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22.
  • the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are respectively arranged on the inner side of the area where the sound-emitting portion 1 and the abutting portion 2 abut.
  • a flexible body is provided in the area where the shell abuts the abutting portion. Referring to Fig.
  • the magnetic attraction of the magnet away from the abutment area is weakened, and the magnetic attraction of the magnet close to the abutment area is enhanced, so that the same magnitude of magnetic attraction can be generated with fewer magnets, thereby making the structure of the ear clip headphones more compact, lighter, and improving the wearing comfort.
  • the coil 122 is located in the magnetic field of the magnet 123, and when powered on, the coil 122 can drive the diaphragm 121 to vibrate, and the first magnet 123 is arranged on one side of the sound-emitting component 12 close to the cavum concha relative to the diaphragm 121.
  • the attraction between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 can compensate for the clamping force provided by the ear hook 3 to the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2.
  • Figure 11 describes the magnet setting positions, and Figure 11 describes the magnet attraction, and the two are different
  • the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 can attract each other and generate an attraction force FA to compensate for the clamping force F provided by the ear hook 3 to the sound-emitting part and the abutting part.
  • the clamping force F includes the attraction force FA and the deformation force F' generated by the elastic deformation of the ear hook 3.
  • the relationship between the distance and the attraction between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 can be expressed by formula (1):
  • K is a constant
  • m1 can represent the magnetic moment of the first magnet
  • m2 can represent the magnetic moment of the second magnet
  • d can represent the distance between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet
  • x0 can represent the distance between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 in the non-wearing state
  • x can represent the increased distance between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 in the wearing state due to the movement of the sound-emitting part and the abutting part.
  • a force gauge and cushion materials of different thicknesses can be used to measure different attractive forces corresponding to different distances between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22.
  • the ear hook 3 of the ear clip earphone can be cut off, and then any one of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 can be fixed, and the other of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 can be connected to the force gauge.
  • the sound-emitting part 1, the abutment part 2 and the force gauge need to be arranged side by side in the Y direction similar to FIG6.
  • Pad materials of different thicknesses are placed between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 to control the distance between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22, and the force gauge is used to measure the attractive force between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 when the pad materials of different thicknesses are placed.
  • the attractive force can be measured by a thin film pressure sensor.
  • a thin film pressure sensor and pad materials of different thicknesses are placed between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2, so that the thin film pressure sensor is squeezed by the attraction of the first magnet 21 in the sound-emitting part 1 and the second magnet in the abutting part 2, thereby measuring the attraction corresponding to different distances between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22.
  • the sound-emitting part 1 in the non-wearing state, does not contact the abutting part 2. As shown in FIG12 , in the non-wearing state, the sound-emitting part 1 does not contact the abutting part 2, that is, there is no pre-tightening force between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 to make them abut each other.
  • the clamping force that the ear hook 3 can provide for the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2 includes the deformation force generated by the elastic deformation of the ear hook 3 and the attraction force between the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22.
  • the clamping force can also include the pre-tightening force provided by the ear hook 3 for the abutment between the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutting part 2.
  • the clamping force provided by the ear hook, the first magnet and the second magnet can be determined by a force gauge.
  • a force gauge For a detailed description of measuring the clamping force by a force gauge, please refer to the relevant description of FIG. 1 .
  • the clamping force i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the preload force
  • the clamping force is less than the upper limit of the clamping force corresponding to the maximum auricle thickness, so as to avoid the ear clip earphones causing discomfort to users with thick auricles.
  • the clamping force i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the preload force
  • the ear hook 3 can be between 0.20N-0.70N.
  • the clamping force (i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force, and the preload force) provided by the ear hook 3 can be determined to be between 0.20N and 0.70N based on the lower limit of the clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness of 0.20N and the upper limit of the clamping force corresponding to the maximum auricle thickness of 0.70N.
  • the clamping force i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force, and the preload force
  • the ear hook 3 can be between 0.25N and 0.65N.
  • the clamping force (i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force, and the preload force) provided by the ear hook 3 can be determined to be between 0.25N and 0.65N based on the lower limit of the clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness of 0.25N and the upper limit of the clamping force corresponding to the maximum auricle thickness of 0.65N.
  • the clamping force provided by the ear hook 3 i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the pre-tightening force
  • the clamping force needs to be greater than the lower limit of the clamping force corresponding to the minimum auricle thickness; and it is necessary to ensure that the clamping force is less than the upper limit of the clamping force corresponding to the maximum auricle thickness, so as to avoid causing discomfort to users with thicker auricles when wearing the ear-clip earphones.
  • the curvature of the change of the clamping force i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the pre-tightening force
  • the distance H is also the distance between the shell of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2
  • Fmax is the upper limit value of the clamping force (i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the pre-tightening force) when the distance H changes between 3.8 mm and 5.5 mm according to the change law of curve L4
  • Fmin is the lower limit value of the clamping force (i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the pre-tightening force) when the distance H changes between 3.8 mm and 5.5 mm according to
  • Fmix is the upper limit value of the clamping force (i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the preload force) when the distance H changes between 3.8 mm and 5.5 mm according to the change rule of curve L5.
  • the clamping force i.e., the sum of the deformation force and the attraction force, or the sum of the deformation force, the attraction force and the preload force
  • the ear hook 3 can be between Fmin (0.10 N) and Fmax (0.20 N).
  • the clamping force can be Fmin (0.10 N), 0.15 N, Fmax (0.20 N), etc., which are actual values between Fmin (0.10 N) and Fmax (0.20 N).
  • the clamping force is set to Fmin (0.1 N); when the distance between the shell of the sound-emitting part 1 and the abutment part 2 is H2 (5.0 mm), the clamping force is set between Fmix (0.14 N) and Fmax (0.2 N).
  • the clamping force can be set to Fmix (0.14 N), 0.15 N, Fmax (0.2 N), or other actual values between Fmix (0.14 N) and Fmax (0.2 N).
  • FIG13A and FIG13B are exemplary schematic diagrams of clamping force variation curves shown in some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the clamping force Fj provided by the ear hook includes a deformation force Fk and an attraction force FA .
  • the initial distance between the first magnet and the second magnet is x0 .
  • the deformation force Fk is equal to kx, where k is the spring coefficient and x is the distance between the sound-emitting portion and the abutment portion.
  • the attraction force FA can be calculated based on the formula (1) described above.
  • appropriate parameters such as k, K, m1 , m2 , x0, etc.
  • the ear hook may include a titanium sheet and a flexible layer wrapped around the outside of the titanium sheet.
  • the two ends of the titanium sheet in the length direction may be connected to the housing and the abutment portion, respectively.
  • the dimension of the titanium sheet in the width direction may be between 1.5 mm and 3 mm, and the dimension in the thickness direction may be between 0.15 mm and 0.3 mm.
  • a first magnet is arranged in the sound-emitting part and a second magnet is arranged in the abutting part, so that the clamping force is compensated based on the attraction between the first magnet and the second magnet, wherein, when the distance between the outer shell of the sound-emitting part and the abutting part is larger, the clamping force is larger, and the compensation of the clamping force by the attraction is smaller, thereby reducing the difference in clamping force between wearers with small ears and wearers with large ears, and improving the comfort of wearers with different auricle thicknesses.
  • the ear hook provides a pre-tightening force for the shell and the abutment of the sound-emitting part, which can ensure that when the difference in clamping force between the wearer with small ears and the wearer with large ears is reduced by reducing the elastic coefficient of the ear hook, the clamping force on the small ear can remain unchanged, thereby improving the stability and comfort of wearers with different thicknesses of auricle;
  • a computer storage medium may include a propagated data signal containing computer program code, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave.
  • the propagated signal may be in a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or a suitable combination.
  • a computer storage medium may be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can be connected to an instruction execution system, device or apparatus to communicate, propagate or transmit the program for use.
  • the program code on the computer storage medium may be transmitted via any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, RF, or similar media, or any combination of the above media.
  • the computer program codes required for the operation of the various parts of this specification can be written in any one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, Python, etc., conventional procedural programming languages such as C language, Visual Basic, Fortran2003, Perl, COBOL2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages.
  • the program code can be run entirely on the user's computer, or run on the user's computer as a separate software package, or run partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or run entirely on a remote computer or processing device.
  • the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any network form, such as a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or used as a service such as software as a service (SaaS).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • SaaS software as a service
  • numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about”, “approximately” or “substantially” in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, “about”, “approximately” or “substantially” indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ⁇ 20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of this specification are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)

Abstract

一种耳夹式耳机（100），包括：发声部（1），在佩戴状态下，发声部（1）被配置为位于佩戴者的耳甲腔（401）并与耳甲腔（401）的内壁接触，发声部（1）包括：壳体（11），具有容置腔（111）；发声组件（12），容纳在容置腔（111）内，发声组件（12）用于将电信号转换成声信号并播放；出声孔（13），位于壳体（11）上，被配置为导出发声组件（12）产生的声音；抵接部（2），在佩戴状态下，抵接部（2）被配置为抵接佩戴者的耳廓（404）的背侧，抵接部（2）内设置有电池；耳挂（3），在佩戴状态下，耳挂（3）被配置为绕过佩戴者的对耳轮（403）和耳轮（402），连接于发声部（1）和抵接部（2），并为发声部（1）和抵接部（2）提供夹持在耳廓（404）的两侧的夹紧力；在非佩戴状态下，耳挂（3）提供预紧力使发声部（1）与抵接部（2）相互抵接。

Description

一种耳夹式耳机
【交叉引用】
本申请基于申请号为CN202311701969.7、申请日为2023年12月11日的中国专利申请，以及，申请号为PCT/CN2024/076377、申请日为2024年02月06日的PCT国际申请，以及，申请号为PCT/CN2024/076495、申请日为2024年02月06日的PCT国际申请，以及，申请号为PCT/CN2024/076378、申请日为2024年02月06日的PCT国际申请，以及，申请号为PCT/CN2024/076388、申请日为2024年02月06日的PCT国际申请，以及，申请号为PCT/CN2024/076389、申请日为2024年02月06日的PCT国际申请，以及，申请号为CN2024101723779、申请日为2024年2月6日的中国专利申请，并要求上述七个专利申请的优先权，该七个专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本申请。
【技术领域】
本说明书涉及耳机领域，特别涉及一种耳夹式耳机。
【背景技术】
耳机已广泛地应用于人们的日常生活，可以与手机、电脑等电子设备配合使用，以便为用户提供声音播放功能。其中，耳夹式耳机为一种新型的耳机类型，可以通过夹紧力夹持在佩戴者的耳轮上使用。然而，夹紧力随着所夹持的耳廓厚度增大而增大，导致耳廓厚度越大，夹紧力越大。
因此，希望提供一种耳夹式耳机，可以减小小耳佩戴者与大耳佩戴者受到的夹紧力差距，提高不同厚度耳廓佩戴者的舒适性。
【发明内容】
本说明书的一个方面提供一种耳夹式耳机，包括：发声部，在佩戴状态下，发声部被配置为位于佩戴者的耳甲腔并与耳甲腔的内壁接触，发声部包括：壳体，具有容置腔；发声组件，容纳在容置腔内，发声组件用于将电信号转换成声信号并播放；出声孔，位于壳体上，被配置为导出发声组件产生的声音；抵接部，在佩戴状态下，抵接部被配置为抵接佩戴者的耳廓的背侧，抵接部内设置有电池；耳挂，在佩戴状态下，耳挂被配置为绕过佩戴者的对耳轮和耳轮，连接于发声部和抵接部，并为发声部和抵接部提供夹持在耳廓的两侧的夹紧力；在非佩戴状态下，耳挂提供预紧力使发声部与抵接部相互抵接。
在一些实施例中，耳挂具有第一对称面，壳体在第一对称面投影形成第一投影，抵接部在第一对称面投影形成第二投影，耳挂在第一对称面投影形成第三投影，第三投影包括内轮廓曲线；其中，第一投影和第二投影接触，在第一投影与第二投影之间，第一投影与第二投影具有第一公切线，第一公切线同时与第一投影、第二投影相切于第一切点，第一切点作为第一特征点；或者，第一投影和第二投影存在重叠区域，在重叠区域处，第一投影的外轮廓与第二投影的外轮廓存在两个交点，两个交点的连线的中点作为第一特征点；内轮廓曲线上与第一特征点距离最远的点作为第二特征点；定义第一特征点与第二特征点的连线为第一连线，过第二特征点向偏向第一投影的一侧作第一辅助线，第一辅助线与第一连线之间的第一夹角具有第一预设取值范围，第一预设取值范围为27°-37°，或者大于37°且小于或等于50°内轮廓曲线上与第一投影相连的曲线段和第一辅助线的交点定义为第三特征点，定义第三特征点与第二特征点的连线为第二连线，第二连线对应的内轮廓曲线的部分具有第一弧长，第一弧长与第二连线的长度之间的比值定义为第一弧弦比，第一弧弦比为1.10-1.25，或者第一弧弦比大于或等于1.05且小于1.10；过第二特征点向偏向第二投影的一侧作第二辅助线，第二辅助线与第一连线之间的第二夹角具有第二预设取值范围，第二预设取值范围为34°-49°，或者大于或等于20°且小于34°内轮廓曲线上与第二投影相连的曲线段和第二辅助线的交点定义为第四特征点，定义第四特征点与第二特征点的连线为第三连线，第三连线对应的内轮廓曲线的部分具有第二弧长，第二弧长与第三连线的长度之间的比值定义为第二弧弦比，第二弧弦比为1.11-1.24，或者第二弧弦比大于1.24且小于或等于1.40。
在一些实施例中，第一投影上与第二特征点最近的点作为第五特征点，第五特征点与第二特征点的连线作为第四连线，第四连线的延长线与第一投影相交于第六特征点，第五特征点与第六特征点的连线定义为第五连线，第五连线对应的第一投影的曲线段具有第三弧长，第三弧长与第五连线的长度之比定义为第三弧弦比，第三弧弦比为1.4-1.7，或者第三弧弦比为大于1.7且小于或等于1.8。
在一些实施例中，在手持抵接部并将发声部自由放置且使得发声部沿重力方向朝向地面的状态下，抵接部与发声部接触。
在一些实施例中，预紧力在0.01N-0.25N之间。
在一些实施例中，耳挂的弹性系数在0.01N/mm-0.24N/mm之间。
在一些实施例中，发声部的所述壳体与抵接部的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化时，夹紧力在0.1N-0.2N之间。
在一些实施例中，发声部的壳体与抵接部的距离为5.5mm时，夹紧力在0.14N-0.2N之间。
在一些实施例中，发声部的壳体与抵接部的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化时，夹紧力的变化不超过0.20N。
在一些实施例中，耳挂包括钛片和包裹在钛片外侧的柔性层，在钛片的长度方向的两个端部分别连接壳体和抵接部，钛片宽度方向的尺寸在1.5mm-3mm之间，厚度方向的尺寸在0.15mm-0.3mm之间。
在一些实施例中，壳体上与抵接部相抵接的区域设有柔性体。
在一些实施例中，发声部内设有第一磁体，抵接部内设有第二磁体，第一磁体和第二磁体相互吸引以补偿发声部和抵接部提供的夹紧力。
本说明书另一个方面提供一种耳夹式耳机，耳夹式耳机包括：发声部，在佩戴状态下，发声部被配置为位于佩戴者的耳甲腔并与耳甲腔的内壁接触，发声部包括：壳体，具有容置腔；发声组件，容纳在容置腔内；出声孔，位于壳体上，被配置为导出发声组件产生的声音；抵接部，在佩戴状态下，抵接部被配置为抵接佩戴者的耳廓的背侧；耳挂，在佩戴状态下，耳挂被配置为绕过佩戴者的对耳轮和耳轮，连接发声部和抵接部，并为发声部和抵接部提供夹持在耳廓的两侧的夹紧力；其中，发声部内设有第一磁体，抵接部内设有第二磁体，第一磁体和第二磁体相互吸引以补偿耳挂为发声部和抵接部提供的夹紧力。
【附图说明】
本说明书将以示例性实施例的方式进一步描述，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的外观结构示意图；
图2是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的佩戴示意图；
图3是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的剖面结构示意图；
图4是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的预紧力的示例性示意图；
图5是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的获取预紧力的示例性示意图；
图6A和图6B是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的确定两个拉力和对应的两个距离的示例性示意图；
图7是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的基于两个拉力和对应的两个距离拟合预紧力的示例性示意图；
图8是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的夹紧力的示例性示意图；
图9是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的夹紧力线性变化的示例性示意图；
图9A是根据本说明书的另一些实施例所示的夹紧力线性变化的示例性示意图；
图10是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的结构示意图；
图11是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机中第一磁体和第二磁体的示例性示意图；
图12是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机在非佩戴状态下的示例性示意图；
图13A和图13B是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的由耳挂、第一磁体、第二磁体提供的夹紧力变化的示例性示意图；
图14是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机在第一对称面的投影示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本说明书应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
应当理解，本说明书中所使用的“系统”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模组”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。
如本说明书和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。
本说明书中使用了流程图用来说明根据本说明书的实施例的系统所执行的操作。应当理解的是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。
图1是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的外观结构示意图。图2是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的佩戴示意图。本说明书中的耳夹式耳机可以包括但不限于骨导耳机、气导耳机及骨气导耳机等。在一些实施例中，耳夹式耳机可以与眼镜、头戴式耳机、头戴式显示装置、AR/VR头盔等产品相结合。
如图1和2所示，耳夹式耳机100可以包括发声部1、抵接部2和耳挂3。
发声部1是声音播放装置，可以用于将电信号转换成声信号，并播放给佩戴者。图3是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的发声部的结构示意图，如图3所示，发声部1可以包括壳体11、发声组件12和出声孔13。壳体11可以具有容置腔111，用于至少容纳发声组件12。发声组件12能够将电信号转换成声信号，例如，其可以包括一个或多个喇叭。出声孔13可以位于壳体11上，其被配置为导出发声组件12产生的声音。
壳体11可以为球体、长方体、圆柱体、梯台状、L型、U型、V型等或任意不规则形状体。在一些实施例中，壳体可以采用塑料、金属或其他能够被用作耳机壳体的支撑材料，以对壳体11的内部组件(如发声组件12)提供更稳定的支撑。
抵接部2可以和发声部1相互配合形成夹持装置，用于将耳夹式耳机夹持在佩戴者的耳轮上。在一些实施例中，抵接部2可作为电池仓，用以安装电池或其他部件。在一些实施例中，电池可以安装到发声部1中。
耳挂3用于连接发声部1和抵接部2。如图2所示，在佩戴状态下，发声部1被配置为位于佩戴者的耳甲腔401，并与耳甲腔401的内壁接触；抵接部2被配置为抵接佩戴者的耳廓404的背侧；耳挂3可以被配置为绕过佩戴者的对耳轮403和耳轮402，连接发声部1和抵接部2，并为发声部1和抵接部2提供夹持在耳廓404的两侧的夹紧力。如图1所示，在非佩戴状态下，耳挂3可以为发声部与抵接部提供预紧力，使得发声部1和抵接部2可以相互抵接。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，壳体11上与抵接部2相抵接的区域可以设有柔性体112。与抵接部2相抵接的区域指的是在非佩戴状态下，壳体11上和抵接部2相互接触的区域。当耳夹式耳机在佩戴状态时，壳体11上与抵接部2相抵接的区域与耳甲腔的内壁相接触。在一些实施例中，柔性体112可以采用硅胶或其他亲肤性的柔性材料，以提高发声部1与佩戴者接触时的舒适性。
在一些实施例中，耳挂3可以为对称设置，耳挂3具有第一对称面S1。在一些实施例中，在佩戴状态下，第一对称面S1可以与水平面平行。在一些实施例中，第一对称面S1可以位于耳挂3的宽度方向的中点位置。第一对称面S1可以沿着耳挂3的长度方向(即耳挂3连接发声部1的端部到耳挂3连接抵接部2的端部的延伸方向)将耳挂3划分为两个位于第一对称面S1两侧且相互对称的部分。
图14是是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机在第一对称面的投影示意图。如图14所示，发声部1在第一对称面S1形成第一投影1'，抵接部2在第一对称面S1形成第二投影2'，耳挂3在第一对称面S1形成第三投影3'。在一些实施例中，第一投影1’具有最低点A点，第二投影2’具有最低点B点，第一投影1’与第二投影2’具有一条过A点与B点的公共切线Q1，切线Q1与第一投影1’相切于A点，切线Q1与第二投影2’相切于B点。
为方便理解，以下以耳机100放置于水平面且第一对称面S1与水平面垂直为例进行说明。发声部1与水平面的接触点为A点，抵接部2与水平面的接触点B点，即发声部1与水平面在A点相切，抵接部2与水平面在B点相切。此时，图14中A点与B点所在的直线Q1可以视为水平面在第一对称面S1的投影，直线Q1同时与第一投影1’相切于A点、与第二投影2’相切于B点。第一对称面S1平行于图14所示的纸面所在平面。
在一些实施例中，第三投影3’包括内轮廓曲线与外轮廓曲线。其中，内轮廓曲线对应耳挂3在佩戴状态下靠近耳轮的一侧轮廓，外轮廓曲线对应耳挂3在佩戴状态下远离耳轮的另一侧轮廓。在第一投影1’上，以A点为分界点，与第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线相连的部分，即为第一投影1’的内轮廓；与第三投影3’的外轮廓曲线相连的部分，即为第一投影1’的外轮廓。在第二投影2'上，以B点为分界点，与第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线相连的部分，即为第二投影2'的内轮廓；与第三投影3’的外轮廓曲线相连的部分，即为第二投影2'的外轮廓。在一些实施例中，以A点与B点为界，依次连接第一投影1’的内轮廓、第三投影3’的内轮廓、第二投影2'的内轮廓共同构成耳机100的内轮廓；依次连接第一投影1’的外轮廓、第三投影3’的外轮廓、第二投影2'的外轮廓共同构成耳机100的外轮廓。
在一些实施例中，第一投影1’与第二投影2’之间具有贴合区域或贴合点，该贴合区域的中心点(例如形心、面积中心等)或该贴合点即可作为第一特征点O点。在一些实施例中，当发声部1与抵接部2接触时，为第一投影1’的内轮廓与第二投影2’的内轮廓贴合。此时，可以在第一投影1’的内轮廓与第二投影2’的内轮廓上确定一条公切线Q2，该公切线Q2同时与第一投影1’的内轮廓、第二投影2’的内轮廓相切于第一切点O点。O点可以作为第一特征点。在一些实施例中，当发声部1与抵接部2之间的接触区域为面时，该接触面在第一对称面S1的投影的形心即为第一特征点O点。在一些实施例中，当发声部1与抵接部2为接触结构时，第一投影1’背离第三投影3’的一侧与第二投影2’背离第三投影3’的一侧具有公切线(即公切线Q1)，公切线Q1与第一投影1’的第二切点为A点，公切线Q1与第二投影2’的第三切点为B点，A点与B点的连线(即连线AB，直线Q1)可以作为参考连线Q1。在一些实施例中，第一投影1’与第二投影2’存在重叠区域，在该重叠区域处，第一投影1’的外轮廓与第二投影2’的外轮廓存在两个交点，两个交点的连线的中点作为第一特征点O。
在一些实施例中，第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线上具有至少一个与第一特征点O点相距最远的点C点。在一些实施例中，若存在多个与第一特征点O点相距最远的点，此时，可以将这些最远的点中距离抵接部2的第二投影2’最近的点作为第二特征点C点。第二特征点C点可以通过工具、程序等进行确定。例如，输入耳机10的轮廓曲线参数(例如耳机10的内轮廓的模拟曲线函数、耳机10的外轮廓的模拟曲线函数等)，相应工具、程序等即可确定第一特征点O点的信息，从而输出第二特征点C点的信息(例如位置等)。
定义第一特征点O点与第二特征点C点之间的连线为第一连线OC。在一些实施例中，过第二特征点C点向偏向第一投影1’的一侧作第一辅助线Q3，第一辅助线Q3与第一连线(即连线OC)之间的第一夹角具有第一预设取值范围，第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线与第一辅助线Q3的交点E点可以定义为第三特征点。第三特征点E点与第二特征点C点的连线CE为第二连线，第二连线(即连线CE)与第一辅助线Q3共线。在一些实施例中，第三特征点E点可以作为第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线与第一投影1’的内轮廓的分界点。第二连线CE对应的耳挂3的部分(例如弧CE段对应部分)设置在第二连线CE背离抵接部2的一侧，以避免耳挂12与对耳轮、耳轮发生干涉。在一些实施例中，若第二连线CE与第一连线OC之间的第一夹角(即∠OCE)过小，可能导致第二连线CE对应的耳挂3的部分内轮廓与用户耳部的耳轮到耳甲腔的部分发生干涉挤压。若第二连线CE与第一连线OC之间的第一夹角过大，可能导致耳挂3的尺寸过大，使发声部1与用户耳屏发生干涉或堵塞用户的耳道口。
在一些实施例中，为了避免发声部1堵塞用户耳道口，避免发声部1与耳屏或对耳轮、耳轮发生干涉，第一夹角的第一预设取值范围可以为27°-37°，或者大于37°且小于或等于50°。示例性地，第一夹角的第一预设取值范围可以为27°、33°、37°等介于范围27°-37°之间的实际取值，或者第一夹角的第一预设取值范围也可以为40°、41°、43°、45°等大于37°且小于或等于50°的实际取值。
在一些实施例中，为了避免发声部1堵塞用户耳道口，避免发声部1与耳屏或对耳轮、耳轮发生干涉，第二连线CE与第一连线之间的夹角可以为27°-37°。示例性地，第二连线CE与第一连线之间的夹角可以为33°。
在一些实施例中，第二连线CE对应的第三投影3'的内轮廓曲线部分(即弧CE)具有第一弧长，第一弧长与第二连线CE的长度之间的比值可以定义为第一弧弦比。第一弧弦比能够反映第二连线CE对应的弧CE的平缓程度。第一弧弦比越大，第二连线CE对应的弧CE的凸起程度越大，弧CE内的区域面积越大，对应的耳挂3的部分不易与耳部由耳轮到耳甲腔的部分发生干涉。第一弧弦比越小，第二连线CE对应的弧CE越平缓，弧CE内的区域面积越小，对应的耳挂3的部分可能与耳部由耳轮到耳甲腔的部分(例如耳轮、对耳轮)发生干涉。在一些实施例中，第一弧弦比可以为1.10-1.25。示例性地，第一弧弦比可以为1.14。
在一些实施例中，第一弧弦比可以大于1.24且小于或等于1.4，例如，第一弧弦比可以是1.25、1.29、1.3、1.4等大于1.24且小于或等于1.4的实际取值。
在一些实施例中，过第二特征点C点向偏向第二投影2’的一侧作第二辅助线Q4，第二辅助线Q4与第一连线OC之间的第二夹角具有第二预设取值范围，第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线上与第二投影2’相连的曲线段和第二辅助线Q4的交点H点可以定义为第四特征点。第四特征点H点与第二特征点C点的连线CH为第三连线，第三连线CH与第二辅助线Q4共线。在一些实施例中，第四特征点H点可以作为第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线与第三投影3’的内轮廓的分界点。在一些实施例中，若第四连线CH与第一连线OC之间的第二夹角(即∠OCH)过小，可能导致抵接部2过度挤压用户耳廓背面。若第四连线CH与第一连线OC之间的第二夹角过大，可能导致耳挂3的尺寸过大，使抵接部2与用户耳廓背面的头部皮肤组织发生干涉。在一些实施例中，为了避免抵接部2过度挤压耳部，避免抵接部2与用户头部皮肤或发生干涉，第四连线CH与第一连线OC之间的夹角可以为34°-49°。示例性地，第四连线CH与第一连线OC之间的夹角可以为40°。在一些实施例中，为了避免抵接部2过度挤压耳部，避免抵接部2与用户头部皮肤或发生干涉，第四连线CH与第一连线OC之间的夹角也可以设置为大于或等于20°且小于34°，例如，第四连线CH与第一连线OC之间的夹角可以为20°、25°、27°等大于或等于20°且小于34°的实际取值。
在一些实施例中，第三连线CH对应的第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线部分(即弧CH)具有第二弧长，第二弧长与第三连线CH的长度之间的比值可以定义为第二弧弦比。第二弧弦比能够反映第三连线CH对应的弧CH的平缓程度。第二弧弦比越大，第三连线CH对应的弧CH的凸起程度越大，弧CH内的区域面积越大，抵接部2和耳挂3越有可能抵到耳廓背面的头部皮肤。第二弧弦比越小，第三连线CH对应的弧CH越平缓，弧CH内的区域面积越小，对应的耳挂3的部分可能与耳部由耳轮到耳廓背面的部分(例如耳轮最外点)发生干涉。在一些实施例中，第二弧弦比可以为1.11-1.24。示例性地，第二弧弦比可以为1.17。在一些实施例中，第二弧弦比可以设置为大于1.24且小于或等于1.40，例如，第二弧弦比可以设置为1.25、1.26、1.29、1.30、1.40等大于1.24且小于或等于1.40的实际取值。
在一些实施例中，可以定义第一投影1’上与第二特征点C点相距最近的点N点作为第五特征点，第二特征点C点与第五特征点N点的连线CN作为第四连线。作第四连线CN的延长线与第一投影1’相交于第六特征点M点。在一些实施例中，第六特征点M点可以视为第一投影1’上与第二特征点C点相距最远的点。在一些实施例中，第二特征点C点与第六特征点M点的连线方向大致朝向用户耳道口的方向。
第五特征点N点与第六特征点M点的连线定义为第五连线(即连线NM)。第五连线NM对应的第一投影1’的曲线段(即弧NM)具有第三弧长，第三弧长(即弧NM)与第五连线(即连线NM)的长度之比定义为第三弧弦比。第三弧弦比可以反映第一投影1’的形状，从而反应发声部1的形状。
在一些实施例中，第三弧弦比可以为1.4-1.7，从而使弧NM近似半圆，第五连线NM可以视为第一投影1’的直径，从而使发声部1为球形或近似球形，使发声部1形状适配耳甲腔，提升耳机10的佩戴舒适度。若第二特征点C点与第六特征点M点之间的距离过大，可能导致发声部1堵塞用户耳道口或与耳屏发生干涉；若第二特征点C点与第六特征点M点之间的距离过小，可能会影响发声部1的尺寸进而影响听音效果，或导致发声部1与对耳轮发生干涉。
在一些实施例中，第三弧弦比也可以设置为大于1.7且小于或等于1.8，例如第三弧弦比可以设置为1.75、1.8等大于1.7且小于或等于1.8的实际取值，如此使得弧NM近似半圆，第五连线NM可以视为第一投影1’的直径，从而使发声部1为球形或近似球形，使发声部1形状适配耳甲腔，提升耳机10的佩戴舒适度。
夹紧力是发声部1与抵接部2在夹持佩戴者耳朵时，给耳朵施加的力。图8是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的夹紧力的示例性示意图，如图8所示，发声部1和抵接部2在夹持耳廓厚度为D的佩戴者耳朵时，分别给耳朵施加了力F，该力F即为夹紧力。在一些实施例中，夹紧力可以包括耳挂3由于弹性形变产生的形变力F’。其中，佩戴者的耳朵耳廓厚度D越大，发声部1的壳体和抵接部2的距离越大，引起的耳挂3的形变越大，则对应的形变力F’越大。
在一些实施例中，夹紧力可以通过测力仪确定。测力仪测量夹紧力的方式与后文描述的测力仪测量拉力的方式类似。
在一些实施例中，在手持抵接部2并将发声部1自由放置且使得发声部1沿重力方向朝向地面的状态下，抵接部2与发声部1接触。具体地，在手持抵接部2并将发声部1只有放置且使得发声部1沿重力方向朝向地面的状态可以理解为，通过手持抵接部2将耳夹式耳机100悬空，并且使得发声部1自由放置且沿重力方向朝向地面的状态，例如，手持抵接部2并调节耳夹式耳机100的姿态，使得第一对称面S1与重力方向平行的同时使得发声部1沿重力方向位于抵接部2下方的状态。在一些实施例中，在手持抵接部2并将发声部1自由放置且使得发声部1沿重力方向朝向地面的状态下，抵接部2与发声部1能在耳挂3的作用下保持接触，例如，在手持抵接部2并将发声部1自由放置且使得发声部1沿重力方向朝向地面的状态下，抵接部2与发声部1能在耳挂3提供的预紧力及夹紧力的作用下保持接触。
由前述可知，夹紧力随着佩戴者耳廓厚度的增加而增大，需要确保夹紧力大于最小耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力下限值，才能使耳夹式耳机可以被稳定佩戴在耳廓厚度较小的用户耳朵上；并且，需要确保夹紧力小于最大耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力上限值，才能避免耳夹式耳机给耳廓厚度较大的用户带来佩戴不适感。例如，经过多次试验后发现，当最小耳廓厚度Ds为3.5mm时，其对应的夹紧力下限为Fs为0.20N，可以保证最小耳廓佩戴稳定性；最大耳廓厚度Dm为5.6mm，其对应的夹紧力上限Fm为0.70N，可以保证最大耳廓佩戴的舒适性。因此，佩戴状态下，耳廓厚度在3.5mm-5.6mm之间时，夹紧力不小于0.20N且不大于0.70N，从而兼顾佩戴稳定性和舒适性。又例如，经过多次试验后发现，当最小耳廓厚度Ds为3.8mm，其对应的夹紧力下限为Fs为0.25N，可以保证最小耳廓佩戴稳定性；最大耳廓厚度Dm为5.5mm，其对应的夹紧力上限Fm为0.65N，可以保证最大耳廓佩戴的舒适性。因此，佩戴状态下，耳廓厚度在3.8mm-5.5mm之间时，夹紧力不小于0.25N且不大于0.65N，从而保证佩戴稳定性和舒适性。
由于夹紧力会因耳廓厚度的变化而变化，同一耳夹式耳机给不同耳廓厚度的用户带来的佩戴体验可能存在较大差异。为避免这一问题，需要在保证佩戴的稳定性和舒适性的同时，采取一定的机制降低耳夹式耳机对不同耳廓厚度的用户耳朵的夹紧力的差别。
在一些实施例中，可以通过控制耳挂3的弹性系数来减小小耳用户受到的夹紧力与大耳用户受到的夹紧力之间的差别。弹性系数可以表示发声部1和抵接部2之间的距离与耳挂3提供的形变力之间的关系。其中，弹性系数越大，则表示单位距离引起的形变力越大，从而导致对应的夹紧力越大。
具体地，可以基于最小耳廓厚度Ds、最大耳廓厚度Dm、夹紧力下限Fs和夹紧力上限Fm，确定最大弹性系数km。在一些实施例中，耳挂的弹性系数可以在0.01N/mm-1.6N/mm之间。例如，(Fm-Fs)/(Dm-Ds)＝(0.70-0.20)/(5.6-3.5)＝0.5/2＝1.6N/mm。在一些实施例中，耳挂的弹性系数可以在0.01N/mm-0.24N/mm之间。又例如，(Fm-Fs)/(Dm-Ds)＝(0.65-0.25)/(5.5-3.8)＝0.4/1.7＝0.24N/mm。
通过降低耳挂的弹性系数，可以减少小耳用户和大耳用户的夹紧力差异。图9是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的不同弹性系数在一定范围内对应的夹紧力变化曲线的示例性示意图。夹紧力变化曲线可以反映不同耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力。L1为弹性系数为0.075N/mm的耳挂对应的夹紧力变化曲线，L2为弹性系数为0.045N/mm的耳挂对应的夹紧力变化曲线。如图9所示，弹性系数变小时，夹紧力变化曲线的斜率降低，小耳对应的夹紧力和大耳对应的夹紧力之间的差距越小。例如，δF可以表示最小耳廓厚度Ds和最大耳廓厚度Dm对应的夹紧力差距，当弹性系数从0.075N/mm减少到0.045N/mm时，最小耳廓厚度Ds和最大耳廓厚度Dm对应的夹紧力差距从δF1减少到δF2。
预紧力是指耳挂3在自然状态下预先在发声部1和抵接部2之间施加的压力，即耳挂的预形变提供预形变力，用于使发声部1和抵接部2相互抵接和挤压。在非佩戴状态下，耳挂3不发生进一步的弹性形变，其给发声部1与抵接部2施加的力只包括预紧力。如图4所示，非佩戴状态下，耳挂3给发声部1和抵接部2分别施加了预紧力F0，使得发声部1和抵接部2相互抵接。此时，发声部1和抵接部2之间的相互作用力等于预紧力F0。在佩戴状态下，耳挂3进一步发生弹性形变，其给发声部1与抵接部2施加的力包括弹性形变力和预紧力。也就是说，上文提到的夹紧力包括弹性形变力和预紧力。
在一些实施例中，可以通过对耳挂3的结构(如形状、包含的组件)进行设计，使其能提供预紧力，从而保证小耳佩戴的稳定性。例如，可以在耳挂3中设置钛片，使耳挂3能够提供预紧力。例如，预紧力可以在0.01N-0.20N之间。又例如，预紧力可以在0.01N-0.25N之间。仅作为示例，预紧力可以为0.08N。
在一些实施例中，预紧力可以补偿由于弹性系数减小导致的夹紧力减小。由前述可知，为了减小最小耳廓厚度和最大耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力差距，可以减小弹性系数，然而减小弹性系数可能降低夹紧力，影响佩戴稳定性。如图9所示，仅由形变力提供夹紧力时，在弹性系数减小后的直线L2上，最小耳廓厚度Ds对应的夹紧力小于夹紧力下限Fs，导致耳夹式耳机无法稳定佩戴在小耳用户的耳朵上。在本说明书的一些实施例中，通过耳挂3为发声部1与抵接部2施加预紧力，来提高弹性系数变小时的佩戴稳定性。
具体的，在临界状态下，预紧力提供全部夹紧力，因此预紧力F0的最大值为最小耳廓厚度Ds对应的夹紧力下限Fs。
例如，如图9所示，当耳挂被配置为施加预紧力F0后，夹紧力变化曲线从直线L2变为直线L3。此时，最小耳廓厚度Ds对应的夹紧力为0.25N，可以保证小耳用户的佩戴稳定性；最大耳廓厚度Dm对应的夹紧力变为Fm’，其小于0.65N；最小耳廓厚度Ds和最大耳廓厚度Dm对应的夹紧力差距保持在δF2。从图9可以明显看出，通过施加预紧力，可以使小耳用户受到的夹紧力与大耳用户受到的夹紧力之间的差距小于δF1，其中δF1为Fm和Fs之间的差值，等于0.40N。
又例如，当夹紧力变化曲线更平缓时，最小耳廓厚度Ds对应的夹紧力为0.25N，可以保证小耳用户的佩戴稳定性；最大耳廓厚度Dm对应的夹紧力变为Fm”，其小于0.45N；最小耳廓厚度Ds和最大耳廓厚度Dm对应的夹紧力差距保持在δF3。也就是说，当发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在Ds(3.8mm)和Dm(5.5mm)之间变化时，夹紧力的变化不超过0.20N。
需要说明的是，图9示出的夹紧力变化曲线仅是处于示例目的，并不旨在限定本说明书的范围。例如，耳廓厚度和夹紧力之间的关系可以是非线性的。
在一些实施例中，预紧力可以通过薄膜压力传感器来测量。具体地，将薄膜压力传感器放置在发声部1和抵接部2中间，使得薄膜压力传感器受到发声部1和抵接部2的挤压，从而测量预紧力。
在一些实施例中，预紧力可以通过向发声部1和/或抵接部2施加拉力来测量。具体地，可以多次向发声部1和/或抵接部2施加与其受到的预紧力相反方向的拉力。每次施加的拉力使得发声部1和抵接部2之间拉开一定距离。基于多次施加的拉力和对应的距离，可以确定发声部1与抵接部2之间的预紧力。
例如，图5是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的测量预紧力的示例性示意图，如图5所示，给发声部1或抵接部2施加拉力F1时，发声部1和抵接部2之间间隔的距离为D1；给发声部1或抵接部2施加拉力F2时，发声部1和抵接部2之间间隔的距离为D2；基于D1、F1、D2和F2，可以确定预紧力F0。
在一些实施例中，向发声部1和/或抵接部2施加的拉力可以通过测力仪确定。测力仪可以包括但不限于数字测力计(如数显推拉力计)、机械测力计(如弹簧测力计)等。在一些实施例中，发声部1和抵接部2之间的距离可以通过测距仪确定。测距仪可以包括但不限于游标卡尺、激光测距仪等。
图6A和图6B是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的确定拉力和对应的距离的示例性示意图。仅作为示例，如图6A所示，通过粘合剂(例如，速干胶水、热熔胶等)或其他不破坏耳夹式耳机结构的固定方式，将辅助板603和角码601在Y方向上固定，将辅助板604和角码602在Y方向上固定，并将辅助板603和辅助板604放置在Y方向上的摩擦系数较小的支撑台面(例如，润滑油界面或轴承支撑上的支撑台面)上。角码601在Z方向上的内侧、角码602在Z方向上的内侧分别和耳机的两侧相切，从而将耳机固定在角码601和角码602之间。螺钉605穿过角码601将发声部1固紧在角码601的Y方向上，螺母606将Y方向上的测力仪607连接到角码602上。在一些实施例中，可以通过粘合剂(例如，速干胶水、热熔胶等)或其他不破坏耳夹式耳机结构的固定方式进一步固定耳机，使得耳机与两个角码的连接点接近于水平方向。例如，如图6A所示，发声部1的外侧固定在点608-1上，抵接部2的外侧固定在点608-2上，使得发声部1一侧与角码601的连接点A和抵接部2一侧与角码602的连接点B之间的连线和Y方向平行。在测量时，固定辅助板604，用Y方向上的拉力移动辅助板603，使得发声部1和抵接部2拉开距离，并通过测力仪607获取拉力的大小，通过游标卡尺获取辅助板603和辅助板604之间的距离，即发声部1和抵接部2之间拉开的距离。
作为又一示例性，如图6B所示，夹持装置610通过固紧件610-1将抵接部2固定，通过粘合剂(例如，速干胶水、热熔胶等)将测力线612的一端连接在发声部1远离电池舱的一侧的壳体上(例如，测量装置在平行于水平面的最大截面处611)，将测力线612的另一端连接到测力仪614上。测力线612与Y方向平行。在测量时，固定测力仪613，用Y方向上的拉力移动测力仪614，从而牵拉发声部1移动，使得发声部1和抵接部2拉开距离，并通过游标卡尺609获取发声部1和抵接部2之间拉开的距离，通过测力仪607获取拉力的大小。
在一些实施例中，可以基于拉力和其对应的距离，通过数据拟合得到拉力和距离的关系直线，并基于拉力和距离的关系直线确定当发声部1与抵接部2相抵接(即发声部和抵接部之间的距离为0mm)时，对应的发声部1与抵接部2之间的预紧力。图7是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的拉力和距离的关系直线的示例性示意图。如图7所示，基于F1、F2、D1和D2，通过数据拟合得到关系直线y＝kx+F0，关系直线和Y轴的交点即为预紧力F0，即将发声部1和抵接部2之间距离为0mm时，抵接方向上彼此的作用力确定为预紧力F0。
在一些实施例中，发声部1内可以设有第一磁体，抵接部2内可以设有第二磁体，第一磁体和第二磁体相互吸引以补偿发声部1和抵接部2提供的夹紧力。关于第一磁体和第二磁体的吸引力补偿夹紧力的详细描述可以参见图10及其相关描述。
在一些实施例中，耳挂3可以包括具有弹性的金属、合金等材质。在一些实施例中，弹性材质可以是具有长度的线性结构、条形结构等。仅作为示例，耳挂3可以包括钛片。
例如，如图3所示，耳挂3可以包括钛片31和包裹在钛片外侧的柔性层32，在钛片31的长度方向的两个端部31-a和31-b分别连接壳体11和抵接部2。与钛丝相比，采用钛片作为耳挂3的弹性材料，可以减少钛片两端的扭矩，使得夹紧力和发声部1的壳体11与抵接部2之间的距离之间的关系接近于线性关系。
在一些实施例中，钛片宽度方向的尺寸可以在1.5mm-3mm之间，厚度方向的尺寸可以在0.15mm-0.3mm之间。在一些实施例中，耳挂的弹性系数基于耳挂3中弹性材质的杨氏模量抗弯刚度、厚度、长度和宽度确定。具体的，基于耳挂3的外形尺寸确定钛片的厚度h和长度L，进一步根据钛的杨氏模量抗弯刚度，和耳挂的弹性系数范围，可以确定钛片宽度方向的尺寸和厚度方向的尺寸。
在本说明书的一些实施例中，耳挂3为发声部1的壳体111和抵接部2提供预紧力，可以保证在通过减小耳挂3的弹性系数使得小耳佩戴者与大耳佩戴者受到的夹紧力差距减小时，小耳受到的夹紧力可以维持不变，从而提高不同厚度耳廓佩戴者的稳定性和舒适性。
如图14所示，第二特征点C点为耳挂3的凸出点，耳挂3在第二特征点C点处的应力较大。为了避免耳挂3上的区域应力过于集中，提升耳挂3的使用寿命，第三投影3’在第二特征点C点附近的凸起程度不易过大。但是若第三投影3’在第二特征点C点附近的凸起程度过小，又会影响耳机10的整体结构、尺寸，可能导致耳挂3与用户耳部发生干涉，影响耳机100的佩戴稳定性。
在一些实施例中，为了表征第二特征点C点附近的耳挂3的凸起程度，可以在第三投影3’的内轮廓曲线上，以第二特征点C点为中心，在C点两侧分别确定弧长相等的两个弧段(例如弧CT1、弧CT2)，两个弧段(例如弧CT1、弧CT2)远离第二特征点C点的一端之间的连线为连线T1T2，连线T1T2对应的弧段为弧T1T2。弧T1T2的弧长与连线T1T2的长度之间的弧弦比即可表示对应的弧T1T2的弯曲程度，从而表示弧T1T2对应位置的内轮廓曲线的凸起程度。
在一些实施例中，为了准确表征耳挂3在第二特征点C点附近的耳挂3的凸起程度，T1点与T2点不应距第二特征点C点过近或过远。在一些实施例中，弧CT1、弧CT2的弧长可以为2.5mm-3.5mm。在一些实施例中，为了进一步提升对耳挂3在第二特征点C点附近的耳挂3的凸起程度的表征的准确性，预设弧长范围可以为2.7mm-3.2mm。
在一些实施例中，当发声部1与抵接部2不相接触时，为了避免耳挂3的区域应力过于集中，同时保证耳机10的佩戴稳定性，弧T1T2的弧长与连线T1T2的长度之间的弧弦比可以为1.00-1.10。在一些实施例中，为了进一步避免耳挂3的区域应力过于集中，延长耳挂3的使用寿命，弧T1T2的弧长与连线T1T2的长度之间的弧弦比可以为1.01-1.07。示例性地，弧T1T2的弧长与连线T1T2的长度之间的弧弦比可以为1.04。
在一些实施例中，当发声部1与抵接部2相互抵接时，弧T1T2的弧长与连线T1T2的长度之间的弧弦比可以为1.03-1.12。示例性地，弧T1T2的弧长与连线T1T2的长度之间的弧弦比可以为1.06。
图10A和图10B是是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的耳夹式耳机的结构示意图。
图10A和10B所示的耳夹式耳机和图1所示的耳夹式耳机类似，也包括发声部1、抵接部2和耳挂3。在图10A和10B所示的耳夹式耳机中，发声部1内设置有第一磁体21，抵接部2中设置有第二磁体22。第一磁体21和第二磁体22相互吸引以补偿耳挂3为发声部1和抵接部2提供的夹紧力。补偿耳挂3为发声部1和抵接部2提供的夹紧力可以理解为耳挂3提供的夹紧力中有一部分是因第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的相互吸引而形成的。第一磁体21和第二磁体22分别设置在发声部1和抵接部2相抵接的区域的内侧。在一些实施例中，壳体与抵接部相抵接的区域均设有柔性体。参考图3，壳体11与抵接部2相抵接的区域，壳体11上抵接的区域设有柔性体112，抵接部2抵接的区域设有柔性体23。其中，第一磁体21嵌入在壳体11的柔性体112内，第二磁体22嵌入在抵接部2的柔性体23内，使得第一磁体和第二磁体之间的距离可以缩短，从而使得吸引力的大小和方向更符合理想状态，同时柔性体包覆第一磁体和第二磁体，不会影响佩戴的舒适度。
在一些实施例中，第一磁体和/或第二磁体可以包括由多个磁铁组成的海尔贝克磁铁阵列。示例性地，多个磁铁可以沿着磁体(第一磁体和/或第二磁体)的长度方向排列，多个磁铁的磁吸力方向可以不同，使得基于多个磁铁的磁吸力叠加产生的磁体的磁吸力在不同的方向上减弱或增强。例如，减弱磁体远离抵接区域一侧的磁吸力，增强磁体靠近抵接区域一侧的磁吸力，使得产生相同大小的磁吸力可以用更少用量的磁体，从而可以使得耳夹式耳机的结构更加紧凑，重量更轻，提高佩戴的舒适性。
在一些实施例中，第一磁体21是发声组件12的一部分。如图10A所示，发声组件12的磁体123可以作为第一磁体21。参考图3，发声组件12可以容纳在发声部1的容置腔111内，进一步包括振膜121和线圈122，线圈122可以连接振膜121。其中，线圈122位于磁体123的磁场中，在通电的情况下，线圈122可以带动振膜121振动，第一磁体123相对于振膜121设置在发声组件12中靠近耳甲腔的一侧。
在一些实施例中，第一磁体21和发声组件12相互独立。如图10B所示，第一磁体21位于发声组件12外，发声组件12中包括磁体123(也可以称为第三磁体)，其中磁体21相比于磁体123更加靠近第二磁体22。
在佩戴状态下，第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的吸引力可以补偿耳挂3为发声部1和抵接部2提供的夹紧力。如图11所示，(图11请检查，为什么有两张图？)(图10A和图10B是描述磁体设置位置的，图11是描述磁体吸引力的，二者有区别的)第一磁体21和第二磁体22可以相互吸引，产生吸引力FA以补偿耳挂3为发声部和抵接部提供的夹紧力F。也就是说，在佩戴状态下，夹紧力F包括吸引力FA以及耳挂3因弹性形变产生的形变力F’。在一些实施例中，可以通过公式(1)表示第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的距离和吸引力的关系：
其中，K是常数，m1可以表示第一磁体21的磁矩，m2可以表示第二磁体22的磁矩，d可以表示第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的距离，x0可以表示非佩戴状态下第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的距离，x可以表示佩戴状态下第一磁体21和第二磁体22因为发声部和抵接部的移动而增加的距离。
由公式(1)可知，发声部1和抵接部2之间的距离增加量x越大，第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的距离d相应变大，第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的吸引力FA相应减小。
在一些实施例中，可以利用测力仪和不同厚度的垫材(例如，硅胶垫、厚纸片、橡胶垫等)，测量第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的不同距离对应的不同吸引力。具体的，可以切断耳夹式耳机的耳挂3，然后固定发声部1和抵接部2中的任意一个部件，将发声部1和抵接部2中的另一个部件与测力仪连接。发声部1、抵接部2和测力仪需要类似于图6并列排布在Y方向上。在发声部1和抵接部2之间放置不同厚度的垫材从而控制第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的距离，同时通过测力仪测量放置不同厚度垫材时第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的吸引力。在一些实施例中，吸引力可以通过薄膜压力传感器来测量。具体地，切断耳夹式耳机的耳挂3后，将薄膜压力传感器和不同厚度的垫材放置在发声部1和抵接部2中间，使得薄膜压力传感器受到发声部1中第一磁体21和抵接部2中第二磁体的吸引力挤压，从而测量第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的不同距离对应的吸引力。
在一些实施例中，在非佩戴状态下，耳挂3可以提供预紧力使发声部1与抵接部2相互抵接。关于预紧力的详细描述可以参见图1及其相关描述，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，在非佩戴状态下，发声部1与抵接部2不相接触。如图12所示，在非佩戴状态下，发声部1和抵接部2不相接触，即发声部1和抵接部2之间不存在预紧力使其相互抵接。
在一些实施例中，在佩戴状态下，耳挂3可以为发声部1和抵接部2提供的夹紧力包括耳挂3由于弹性形变产生的形变力和第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的吸引力。在一些实施例中，夹紧力还可以包括耳挂3为发声部1与抵接部2相抵接提供的预紧力。
在一些实施例中，由耳挂、第一磁体和第二磁体提供的夹紧力可以通过测力仪确定。关于通过测力仪测量夹紧力的详细描述可以参见图1的相关描述。
由前述可知，为了保证耳夹式耳机在佩戴者耳朵上佩戴的稳固性，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)需要大于最小耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力下限；并且，需要确保夹紧力小于最大耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力上限值，才能避免耳夹式耳机给耳廓厚度较大的用户带来佩戴不适感。在一些实施例中，发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在3.5mm-5.6mm之间时，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)可以在0.20N-0.70N之间。例如，可以基于最小耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力下限0.20N和最大耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力上限0.70N，确定由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)在0.20N-0.70N之间。在一些实施例中，发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间时，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)可以在0.25N-0.65N之间。又例如，可以基于最小耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力下限0.25N和最大耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力上限0.65N，确定由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)在0.25N-0.65N之间。
由前述可知，为了保证耳夹式耳机在佩戴者耳朵上佩戴的稳固性，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)需要大于最小耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力下限；并且，需要确保夹紧力小于最大耳廓厚度对应的夹紧力上限值，才能避免耳夹式耳机给耳廓厚度较大的用户带来佩戴不适感。如图9A所示，在一些实施例中，夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)与距离H(距离H也即发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离)的变化曲率可参见曲线L4及曲线L5，其中，Fmax为夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)以曲线L4的变化规律随距离H在介于3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化而变化时的上限值，Fmin为夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)以曲线L4或曲线L5的变化规律随距离H在介于3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化而变化时的下限值。Fmix为夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)以曲线L5的变化规律随距离H在介于3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化而变化时的上限值。发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在H1(3.8mm)-H2(5.5mm)之间变化时，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)可以在Fmin(0.10N)-Fmax(0.20N)之间，例如，夹紧力可以为Fmin(0.10N)、0.15N、Fmax(0.20N)等在Fmin(0.10N)-Fmax(0.20N)之间的实际取值。例如，当发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离为H1(3.8mm)时，夹紧力设置为Fmin(0.1N)，当发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离为H2(5.0mm)时，夹紧力设置在Fmix(0.14N)至Fmax(0.2N)之间，例如，夹紧力可以设置为Fmix(0.14N)、0.15N、Fmax(0.2N)等介于Fmix(0.14N)至Fmax(0.2N)之间的实际取值。
如图9A所示，在一些实施例中，发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离为5mm时，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力(即形变力和吸引力之和，或者形变力、吸引力和预紧力之和)在0.14N-0.20N之间，例如，夹紧力可以为0.14N、0.15N、0.2N等在0.14N-0.20N之间的实际取值。
由前述可知，发声部1和抵接部2之间的距离x越大，耳挂3提供的形变力Fk越大，第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的吸引力FA越小，因此可以基于第一磁体21和第二磁体22之间的吸引力进一步减少小耳用户受到的夹紧力与大耳用户受到的夹紧力之间的差距。例如，将夹紧力限定在0.3N-0.5N之间，即同时将小耳用户受到的夹紧力与大耳用户受到的夹紧力之间的差距缩小为0.20N。在一些实施例中，发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间时，由耳挂3提供的夹紧力的变化不超过0.20N。由前述可知，为了确保小耳用户受到的夹紧力与大耳用户受到的夹紧力之间的差距较小，可以基于最小耳廓厚度Ds、夹紧力下限Fs、最大耳廓厚度Dm、夹紧力上限Fm，限定发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在3.8mm和5.5mm之间变化时，夹紧力的变化不超过0.20N(即Fm和Fs之差)。
在一些实施例中，发声部1的壳体与抵接部2的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间时，第一磁体21和第二磁体22相互吸引的吸引力的变化可以在0.05N～0.10N之间。
图13A和图13B是根据本说明书的一些实施例所示的夹紧力变化曲线的示例性示意图。如图13A所示，耳挂提供的夹紧力Fj包括形变力Fk和吸引力FA。第一磁体和第二磁体之间的初始距离为x0。形变力Fk等于kx，其中，k是弹簧系数，x为发声部和抵接部之间的距离。吸引力FA可以基于上文所述的公式(1)计算。发声部的壳体与抵接部之间的距离在x1到x2之间时，耳挂提供的形变力Fk在Fsk到Fmk之间，第一磁体和第二磁体提供的吸引力FA在Fma到Fsa之间，夹紧力Fj在Fsj到Fmj之间，其中，Fsj＝Fma+Fsk，Fmj＝Fmk+Fsa。例如，发声部壳体与抵接部的距离在3.8mm～5.5mm之间时，对应的形变力在0.27N～0.35N之间，为了保证夹紧力在0.3N-0.4N之间，则需要补偿的吸引力在0.03(0.3-0.27＝0.03)N～0.05(0.4-0.35＝0.05)N之间。从图13A可以看出，通过设置合适的参数(如k、K、m1、m2、x0等)，即有可能实现在x1-x2的范围内Fk增量与FA减量相互抵消，令总的夹紧力Fj在x1-x2的范围内保持基本稳定，从而使耳夹式耳机给不同耳廓厚度的用户带来的用户体验保持一致。
在一些实施例中，耳挂进一步提供预紧力，可以通过调整预紧力和吸引力的大小来使总的夹紧力保持在合适的范围内。如图13B所示，耳挂可以同时提供形变力Fk、预紧力F0’和吸引力FA，此时耳挂对大耳用户的夹紧力已超过预紧力上限。可以通过将预紧力从F0’降低为F0”，来使耳挂提供的图13B所示的夹紧力Fj’。在最小耳廓厚度Ds和最大耳廓厚度Dm的范围内，夹紧力Fj’对应的曲线较为平缓，且在合适的夹紧力区间范围内，说明预紧力和吸引力相配合能提高耳夹式耳机的佩戴稳定性和舒适度，并减小大耳用户和小耳用户的夹紧力差异。
在一些实施例中，耳挂的弹性系数可以在0.01N/mm-0.23N/mm之间。关于耳挂弹性系数的详细描述可以参见图1及其相关描述。
在一些实施例中，耳挂可以包括钛片和包裹在钛片外侧的柔性层。在一些实施例中，在钛片的长度方向的两个端部可以分别连接壳体和抵接部。在一些实施例中，钛片宽度方向的尺寸可以在1.5mm-3mm之间，厚度方向的尺寸可以在0.15mm-0.3mm之间。关于耳挂材质和形状的更多描述可以参见图1及其相关描述。
在本说明书的一些实施例中，通过在发声部内设置第一磁体，在抵接部内设置第二磁体，从而基于第一磁体和第二磁体之间的吸引力对夹紧力进行补偿，其中，当发声部的外壳和抵接部之间距离越大，夹紧力越大，吸引力对夹紧力的补偿越小，从而可以减小小耳佩戴者与大耳佩戴者受到的夹紧力差距，提高不同厚度耳廓佩戴者的舒适性。
本说明书实施例可能带来的有益效果包括但不限于：(1)耳挂为发声部的壳体和抵接部提供预紧力，可以保证在通过减小耳挂的弹性系数使得小耳佩戴者与大耳佩戴者受到的夹紧力差距减小时，小耳受到的夹紧力可以维持不变，从而提高不同厚度耳廓佩戴者的稳定性和舒适性；(2)通过在发声部内设置第一磁体，在抵接部内设置第二磁体，从而基于第一磁体和第二磁体之间的吸引力对夹紧力进行补偿，其中，当发声部的外壳和抵接部之间距离越大，夹紧力越大，吸引力对夹紧力的补偿越小，从而可以减小小耳佩戴者与大耳佩戴者受到的夹紧力差距，提高不同厚度耳廓佩戴者的舒适性。需要说明的是，不同实施例可能产生的有益效果不同，在不同的实施例里，可能产生的有益效果可以是以上任意一种或几种的组合，也可以是其他任何可能获得的有益效果。
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本说明书的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本说明书进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本说明书中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本说明书示范实施例的精神和范围。
同时，本说明书使用了特定词语来描述本说明书的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本说明书至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本说明书的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
此外，本领域技术人员可以理解，本说明书的各方面可以通过若干具有可专利性的种类或情况进行说明和描述，包括任何新的和有用的工序、机器、产品或物质的组合，或对他们的任何新的和有用的改进。相应地，本说明书的各个方面可以完全由硬件执行、可以完全由软件(包括固件、常驻软件、微码等)执行、也可以由硬件和软件组合执行。以上硬件或软件均可被称为“数据块”、“模块”、“引擎”、“单元”、“组件”或“系统”。此外，本说明书的各方面可能表现为位于一个或多个计算机可读介质中的计算机产品，该产品包括计算机可读程序编码。
计算机存储介质可能包含一个内含有计算机程序编码的传播数据信号，例如在基带上或作为载波的一部分。该传播信号可能有多种表现形式，包括电磁形式、光形式等，或合适的组合形式。计算机存储介质可以是除计算机可读存储介质之外的任何计算机可读介质，该介质可以通过连接至一个指令执行系统、装置或设备以实现通讯、传播或传输供使用的程序。位于计算机存储介质上的程序编码可以通过任何合适的介质进行传播，包括无线电、电缆、光纤电缆、RF、或类似介质，或任何上述介质的组合。
本说明书各部分操作所需的计算机程序编码可以用任意一种或多种程序语言编写，包括面向对象编程语言如Java、Scala、Smalltalk、Eiffel、JADE、Emerald、C++、C#、VB.NET、Python等，常规程序化编程语言如C语言、Visual Basic、Fortran2003、Perl、COBOL2002、PHP、ABAP，动态编程语言如Python、Ruby和Groovy，或其他编程语言等。该程序编码可以完全在用户计算机上运行、或作为独立的软件包在用户计算机上运行、或部分在用户计算机上运行部分在远程计算机运行、或完全在远程计算机或处理设备上运行。在后种情况下，远程计算机可以通过任何网络形式与用户计算机连接，比如局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，或连接至外部计算机(例如通过因特网)，或在云计算环境中，或作为服务使用如软件即服务(SaaS)。
此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本说明书所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本说明书流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本说明书实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的系统组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的处理设备或移动设备上安装所描述的系统。
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本说明书披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本说明书实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本说明书对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。
一些实施例中使用了描述成分、属性数量的数字，应当理解的是，此类用于实施例描述的数字，在一些示例中使用了修饰词“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”来修饰。除非另外说明，“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”表明所述数字允许有±20％的变化。相应地，在一些实施例中，说明书和权利要求中使用的数值参数均为近似值，该近似值根据个别实施例所需特点可以发生改变。在一些实施例中，数值参数应考虑规定的有效数位并采用一般位数保留的方法。尽管本说明书一些实施例中用于确认其范围广度的数值域和参数为近似值，在具体实施例中，此类数值的设定在可行范围内尽可能精确。
针对本说明书引用的每个专利、专利申请、专利申请公开物和其他材料，如文章、书籍、说明书、出版物、文档等，特此将其全部内容并入本说明书作为参考。与本说明书内容不一致或产生冲突的申请历史文件除外，对本说明书权利要求最广范围有限制的文件(当前或之后附加于本说明书中的)也除外。需要说明的是，如果本说明书附属材料中的描述、定义、和/或术语的使用与本说明书所述内容有不一致或冲突的地方，以本说明书的描述、定义和/或术语的使用为准。
最后，应当理解的是，本说明书中所述实施例仅用以说明本说明书实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本说明书的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本说明书实施例的替代配置可视为与本说明书的教导一致。相应地，本说明书的实施例不仅限于本说明书明确介绍和描述的实施例。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种耳夹式耳机，包括：
    发声部，在佩戴状态下，所述发声部被配置为位于佩戴者的耳甲腔并与所述耳甲腔的内壁接触，所述发声部包括：
    壳体，具有容置腔；
    发声组件，容纳在所述容置腔内，所述发声组件用于将电信号转换成声信号并播放；
    出声孔，位于所述壳体上，被配置为导出所述发声组件产生的声音；
    抵接部，在佩戴状态下，所述抵接部被配置为抵接所述佩戴者的耳廓的背侧，所述抵接部内设置有电池；
    耳挂，在佩戴状态下，所述耳挂被配置为绕过所述佩戴者的对耳轮和耳轮，连接于所述发声部和所述抵接部，并为所述发声部和所述抵接部提供夹持在所述耳廓的两侧的夹紧力；在非佩戴状态下，所述耳挂为所述发声部与所述抵接部相抵接提供预紧力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，所述耳挂具有第一对称面，所述壳体在所述第一对称面投影形成第一投影，所述抵接部在所述第一对称面投影形成第二投影，所述耳挂在所述第一对称面投影形成第三投影，所述第三投影包括内轮廓曲线；其中，
    所述第一投影和所述第二投影接触，在所述第一投影与所述第二投影之间，所述第一投影与所述第二投影具有第一公切线，所述第一公切线同时与所述第一投影、所述第二投影相切于第一切点，所述第一切点作为第一特征点；或者，所述第一投影和所述第二投影存在重叠区域，在所述重叠区域处，所述第一投影的外轮廓与所述第二投影的外轮廓存在两个交点，所述两个交点的连线的中点作为第一特征点；
    所述内轮廓曲线上与所述第一特征点距离最远的点作为第二特征点；
    定义所述第一特征点与所述第二特征点的连线为第一连线，过所述第二特征点向偏向所述第一投影的一侧作第一辅助线，所述第一辅助线与所述第一连线之间的第一夹角具有第一预设取值范围，所述第一预设取值范围为27°-37°，或者大于37°且小于或等于50°所述内轮廓曲线上与所述第一投影相连的曲线段和所述第一辅助线的交点定义为第三特征点，定义所述第三特征点与所述第二特征点的连线为第二连线，所述第二连线对应的所述内轮廓曲线的部分具有第一弧长，所述第一弧长与所述第二连线的长度之间的比值定义为第一弧弦比，所述第一弧弦比为1.10-1.25，或者所述第一弧弦比大于或等于1.05且小于1.10；
    过所述第二特征点向偏向所述第二投影的一侧作第二辅助线，所述第二辅助线与所述第一连线之间的第二夹角具有第二预设取值范围，所述第二预设取值范围为34°-49°，或者大于或等于20°且小于34°所述内轮廓曲线上与所述第二投影相连的曲线段和所述第二辅助线的交点定义为第四特征点，定义所述第四特征点与所述第二特征点的连线为第三连线，所述第三连线对应的所述内轮廓曲线的部分具有第二弧长，所述第二弧长与所述第三连线的长度之间的比值定义为第二弧弦比，所述第二弧弦比为1.11-1.24，或者所述第二弧弦比大于1.24且小于或等于1.40。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，所述第一投影上与所述第二特征点最近的点作为第五特征点，所述第五特征点与所述第二特征点的连线作为第四连线，所述第四连线的延长线与所述第一投影相交于第六特征点，所述第五特征点与所述第六特征点的连线定义为第五连线，所述第五连线对应的所述第一投影的曲线段具有第三弧长，所述第三弧长与所述第五连线的长度之比定义为第三弧弦比，所述第三弧弦比为1.4-1.7，或者所述第三弧弦比为大于1.7且小于或等于1.8。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，在手持所述抵接部并将所述发声部自由放置且使得所述发声部沿重力方向朝向地面的状态下，所述抵接部与所述发声部接触。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，所述预紧力在0.01N-0.25N之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的耳夹式耳机，所述耳挂的弹性系数在0.01N/mm-0.24N/mm之间。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的耳夹式耳机，所述发声部的所述壳体与所述抵接部的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化时，所述夹紧力在0.1N-0.2N之间。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的耳夹式耳机，所述发声部的所述壳体与所述抵接部的距离为5.5mm时，所述夹紧力在0.14N-0.2N之间。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的耳夹式耳机，所述发声部的所述壳体与所述抵接部的距离在3.8mm-5.5mm之间变化时，所述夹紧力的变化不超过0.20N。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，
    所述耳挂包括钛片和包裹在所述钛片外侧的柔性层，在所述钛片的长度方向的两个端部分别连接所述壳体和所述抵接部，所述钛片宽度方向的尺寸在1.5mm-3mm之间，厚度方向的尺寸在0.15mm-0.3mm之间。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，所述壳体上与所述抵接部相抵接的区域设有柔性体。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的耳夹式耳机，所述发声部内设有第一磁体，所述抵接部内设有第二磁体，所述第一磁体和第二磁体相互吸引以补偿所述发声部和所述抵接部提供的所述夹紧力。
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