WO2025112476A1 - 数据传输方法、装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

数据传输方法、装置及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025112476A1
WO2025112476A1 PCT/CN2024/100286 CN2024100286W WO2025112476A1 WO 2025112476 A1 WO2025112476 A1 WO 2025112476A1 CN 2024100286 W CN2024100286 W CN 2024100286W WO 2025112476 A1 WO2025112476 A1 WO 2025112476A1
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Prior art keywords
message
base station
service quality
terminal
service
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢峰
王菲
刘钰
杨立
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, device and storage medium.
  • the 4th Generation mobile communication technology (6G) network needs to have endogenous AI capabilities.
  • Endogenous AI in 6G networks requires that the 6G network architecture provide a complete operating environment for the entire life cycle of AI workflows, including data collection, data preprocessing, model training, model reasoning, and model evaluation, and deeply integrate the computing power, data, algorithms, connections and network functions, protocols, and processes required for AI services.
  • the network environment will become more complex, and the transmission volume and delay of signaling will greatly increase. Therefore, a data transmission method is urgently needed to improve network efficiency and performance.
  • the present disclosure provides a data transmission method, device and storage medium for changing a service.
  • the source of quality parameters thereby simplifying the signaling interaction process.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows:
  • a data transmission method which is applied to a base station, and the method includes: generating service quality parameters, the service quality parameters including at least one of the following: service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side, service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side, and data packet detection rules adopted by the base station side; establishing a data connection with the terminal based on the service quality parameters and performing data transmission.
  • a data transmission method which is applied to a terminal, and the method includes: in the process of establishing a data connection, receiving service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side sent by the base station, the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are service quality parameters generated by the base station; and transmitting data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • a data transmission device which is applied to a base station, and the device includes: a processing module, which is used to generate service quality parameters, and the service quality parameters include at least one of the following: service quality control parameters used by the terminal side, service quality control parameters used by the base station side, and data packet detection rules used by the base station side; a communication module, which is used to establish a data connection with the terminal based on the service quality parameters and perform data transmission.
  • a data transmission device which is applied to a terminal, and the device includes: a communication module, which is used to receive service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side and sent by the base station during the process of establishing a data connection, and the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are service quality parameters generated by the base station; the communication module is also used to transmit data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • a communication device comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory and the processor are coupled; the memory is used to store computer program instructions executable by the processor; and the processor implements the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments when executing the computer program instructions.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which computer program instructions are stored.
  • the computer program instructions are executed on a computer (such as a communication device or a signal transmission device), the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments is implemented.
  • a computer program product comprising a computer program
  • the computer program instruction when executed, implements the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the classification and marking of user plane traffic and the mapping principle of QoS Flow to wireless resources provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG2 is an interactive flow chart of an existing standard session establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG6 is an interactive flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG7 is an interactive flow chart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • A/B can mean A or B.
  • “And/or” in this article is just a way to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • "at least one” means one or Multiple, “multiple” means two or more.
  • the words “first”, “second”, etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first”, “second”, etc. do not necessarily mean different.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • 5G QoS features define the feature parameter set when each network node processes each QoS flow.
  • the feature parameter set is divided into standardized QoS features and operator-specific QoS features.
  • the standardized QoS features are associated with a fixed 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS Identifier, 5QI).
  • 5QI is a scalar used as a reference for 5G QoS characteristics, i.e., access node specific parameters that control the QoS forwarding processing of QoS Flows.
  • 5G QoS features describe the edge-to-edge packet forwarding processing of QoS Flow between the terminal and UPF, which are specifically manifested in the following performance characteristics:
  • GBR non-guaranteed bit rate
  • GBR delay-critical GBR
  • Packet delay budget (including core network packet delay budget).
  • Averaging Window (only applicable to GBR and Latency-Critical GBR resource types).
  • Standardized 5QI to QoS characteristics mapping where standardized 5QI values are specified for services that are considered to be frequently used and optimized signaling by using standardized QoS characteristics. Dynamically assigned 5QI values (requiring QoS characteristics to be signaled as part of the QoS profile) can be used for services for which no standardized 5QI values are defined.
  • a one-to-one mapping of standardized 5QI values to 5G QoS characteristics can be specified in Table 1. Table 1 shows only some examples.
  • QFI QoS Flow ID
  • 5G provides QoS assurance based on QoS Flow, which is controlled by the Service Management Function (SMF) entity and established or reconfigured through the PDU session establishment process and the PDU session modification process.
  • SMF Service Management Function
  • the 5G core network uses QoS parameters to configure service quality parameters to achieve QoS assurance and control at different network nodes.
  • the service quality parameters include at least one of the following: the service quality control parameters used by the terminal side (referred to as QoS Rule), the service quality control parameters used by the base station side (referred to as QoS Profile), and the data packet detection rules (Packet Detection Rules, PDR).
  • QoS Profile is configured to the base station by SMF through the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) using the N2 port to implement QoS control on the base station side.
  • QoS Rule and QoS parameters are coordinated by SMF to the terminal through the AMF using the N1 port, or the terminal implements QoS control on the terminal side through reflected QoS.
  • PDR is provided by SMF to the User Plane Function (UPF) and QoS control is implemented at the UPF node.
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • the QoS control parameter QoS Profile used by the base station (gNB) is transmitted to the gNB by the SMF through the AMF using the PDU Session Resource Modify Request message and the PDU Session Resource Setup Request message.
  • Each QoS Profile is associated with a QFI.
  • the QoS Profile consists of 5QI, Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP), Reflective QoS Attribute (RQA), Guarantee Flow Bit Rate (GFBR) and Maximum Flow Bit Rate (MFBR), notification control, and maximum packet loss rate parameters.
  • the QoS control parameter QoS Rule used by the terminal is the allocation and marking of the uplink user plane data service performed by the terminal (QoS Rule associates the uplink data with the corresponding QoS Flow).
  • the QoS Rule AMF is explicitly provided to the terminal through the session establishment or adjustment process (PDU Session Establishment/Modification Procedure), or is pre-configured or implicitly provided.
  • the QoS Rule content includes 1) the QFI of the QoS Flow associated with the QoS Rule; 2) the data packet filter set (Packet Filter Set, PFS); 3) the relative priority value of the QoS Rule.
  • the terminal compares the uplink data packet with the packet filter sets in multiple QoS Rules, and the comparison must be performed in the order indicated by the priority value (Precedence Value) until a QoS Rule matching the data packet is found (the packet filter of this QoS Rule matches the uplink data packet); 2) if no matching QoS Rule is found, the packet is discarded; (3) the terminal uses the QFI corresponding to the matching OoS Rule to mark the user
  • the data is bundled into the corresponding QoS Flow, and the QoS Flow is mapped to the wireless air interface resources at the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer:
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol
  • the access network including the base station
  • the UPF verifies whether the QFI value is associated with a QoS Rule sent to the terminal, or whether it is derived from the reflected QoS by the terminal; (6)
  • the UPF uses the PDR to perform the session aggregate maximum
  • the QoS control parameter used by UPF is PDR.
  • the content of PDR includes 1) the uplink or downlink data packet filter of the Service Data Flow template (SDF template); 2) PDR priority; 3) QoS implementation rules, such as the maximum bit rate of the Service Data Flow (SDF), the maximum bit rate of GFBR and GBRQoS Flow; 4) forwarding behavior rules; 5) reflective QoS indication.
  • SDF Service Data Flow
  • GBRQoS Flow GBRQoS Flow
  • forwarding behavior rules 5) reflective QoS indication.
  • PDR is sent to UPF by SMF through the N4 session management (such as N4 Session Establishment or N4 Session Modification) process of N4.
  • Figure 1 provides a schematic diagram of the classification and marking of user plane traffic and the mapping principle of QoS Flow to wireless resources.
  • UPF classifies the data and marks it with QFI and QoS control, and forwards it to the terminal.
  • UPF uses PDR to detect user data flow and maps it to QoS Flow.
  • UPF performs operations such as Session-AMBR and counts packets for billing.
  • UPF encapsulates the activation indication information of QFI and reflective QoS into the header information and transmits it to the access network (Radio Access Network, RAN).
  • the access network Radio Access Network, RAN
  • the gNB maps the QoS Flow to air interface wireless resources according to the RAN side rules (not a 1:1 mapping, the mapping rules are determined by the SDAP layer of the base station), and performs QoS operations according to the QoS configuration.
  • the terminal uses the matching QoS Rule to The corresponding QFI is used to mark user data and bundle it into the corresponding QoS Flow, and the QoS Flow is mapped to the wireless air interface resources at the SDAP layer: 2)
  • the access network passes the QoS Flow to the UPF through the N3 interface; 3)
  • the UPF verifies whether the QFI value is associated with a QoS Rule sent to the terminal, or whether it is derived from the reflected QoS by the terminal; 4)
  • the UPF uses the PDR to perform the Session-AMBR operation and count the packets for billing.
  • the future network will be an intelligent network.
  • AI processing is mainly concentrated in the cloud.
  • AI use cases specific to the air interface such as CSI feedback optimization, beam management, and positioning
  • uploading a large amount of data to the cloud through the terminal or RAN will occupy a lot of resources and prolong the interaction time.
  • the terminal and RAN also have the functions of data collection, model training, and model storage. That is, the entity for data collection, model training, and model storage can be RAN or terminal, then the overhead will be greatly reduced.
  • the model transmission scenarios may be as follows: the terminal requests the AI model, and the RAN sends the trained AI model to the terminal; the terminal requests the model to be sent and sends its own trained model to the RAN.
  • the RAN requests the AI model, and the terminal sends the trained AI model to the base station; the RAN requests the model to be sent and sends its own AI model to the terminal. From the above process, it can be seen that the RAN or the terminal needs to have certain computing power, storage and data processing capabilities. When the RAN sends RAN self-generated data to the terminal, the interactive process of session establishment can be further simplified.
  • the terminal first sends a NAS message, namely a PDU session establishment request (PDU Session Establishment Request) to AMF, and AMF performs SMF selection, PDU Session secondary authentication and authorization, SMF performs PCF selection, SMF performs UPF selection, and SMF sends Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer to AMF. It contains N2 SM information and N1 SM Container information, which are sent to RAN and terminal respectively.
  • QoS parameters are also transmitted in the following process:
  • QoS control parameters used by gNB QoS Profile includes 5QI, ARP, RQA, GFBR, MPLR, etc.
  • SMF uses N2 port (PDU Session Resource Modify Request message and PDU Session Resource Setup Request message are transmitted to gNB).
  • QoS Rule QoS control parameter used by the terminal.
  • QoS Rule is the allocation and marking of uplink user plane data services executed by the terminal (i.e., QoS Rule associates uplink data with the corresponding QoS Flow).
  • SMF uses N1 port PDU Session Establishment/Modification Procedure to explicitly provide QoS Rule to the terminal through AMF, either pre-configured or implicitly.
  • PDR QoS control parameters used by UPF.
  • PDR content includes 1) uplink or downlink data packet filter of SDF template; 2) PDR priority; 3) QoS implementation rules, such as SDF maximum bit rate, GFBR and GBR QoS Flow maximum bit rate; 4) forwarding behavior rules; 5) reflective QoS indication.
  • the present disclosure proposes a data transmission method, in which a service quality parameter is generated by a base station, and the service quality parameter includes at least one of the following: a service quality control parameter adopted by a terminal side, a service quality control parameter adopted by a base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by a base station side.
  • the present disclosure changes the generation source of these service quality parameters, increases the parameters and types included in the service quality parameters, and generates and sends these service quality parameters by the base station, which simplifies the signaling interaction process, reduces the number of signaling transmissions, and improves the response speed of the network.
  • the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to systems of various communication formats.
  • the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to systems including but not limited to LTE systems, various versions based on LTE evolution, 5G systems and other communication systems.
  • the method for sending and receiving system messages provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to future-oriented communication systems (such as 6G communication systems), etc.
  • the network architecture of the mobile communication network may include at least a first communication node and a second communication node.
  • the first communication node in the downlink, may be a network side device (for example, including but not limited to a base station), and the second communication node may be a terminal side device (for example, including but not limited to a terminal).
  • the first communication node in the uplink, may also be a terminal side device, and the second communication node may also be a network side device.
  • the first communication node and the second communication node may both be a base station or a terminal.
  • the first communication node and the second communication node may be referred to as the first node and the second node, respectively.
  • a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a terminal 10 and a base station 20.
  • the terminal 10 and the base station 20 may be one or more, and the number is not limited.
  • the base station 20 provides wireless access services for the terminal 10.
  • a base station 20 provides at least one service coverage area (also referred to as a cell).
  • the terminal 10 entering the area can communicate with the base station 20 via wireless signals to receive the wireless access services provided by the base station 20.
  • the base station can be a base station or an evolved base station (eNB or eNodeB) in long term evolution (LTE), long term evolution advanced (LTEA), a base station device in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system, etc.
  • the base station can include various macro base stations, micro base stations, home base stations, wireless remote stations, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), routers, relays, TRPs, wireless fidelity (WIFI) devices, and other network side devices.
  • RISs reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
  • WIFI wireless fidelity
  • the terminal may be a device with wireless transceiver function. It can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, etc.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • the terminal may sometimes also be referred to as a user, user equipment (UE), access terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication equipment, UE agent or UE device, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • UE user equipment
  • access terminal UE unit
  • UE station mobile station
  • mobile station mobile station
  • remote station remote terminal
  • mobile device UE terminal
  • wireless communication equipment UE agent or UE device, etc.
  • FIG3 is only an exemplary framework diagram, and the number of devices included in FIG3 and the names of the devices are not limited.
  • the communication system may also include other devices, such as core network devices.
  • the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited.
  • the system architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the present disclosure provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a base station. As shown in FIG4 , the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 The base station generates a service quality parameter, where the service quality parameter includes at least one of the following: a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side, a service quality control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.
  • the service quality control parameter used by the base station side can be called QoS Profile
  • the service quality control parameter used by the terminal side can be called QoS Rule
  • the data packet detection rule used by the base station side can be called PDR, which is not limited to this.
  • the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.
  • the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.
  • the second type is the integrated service type, where the integrated service type refers to types related to other services except communication services, such as computing, perception, and intelligent service types.
  • model size and number of model parameters are applicable to types related to artificial intelligence, and are used to characterize the size (unit: Mbyte) and number of parameters of the AI model.
  • the protocol is modified for the 5G QoS features related to 5QI.
  • 5QI 5G QoS features related to 5QI.
  • Packet delay budget (including core network packet delay budget).
  • Averaging Window (only applicable to GBR and Latency-Critical GBR resource types).
  • the service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side include computing power parameters.
  • the computing power parameter includes at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating point operations per second (FLOPS), and generalized performance parameters.
  • the data privacy level is the range of nodes that the base station determines based on the sensitivity and privacy requirements of the data. Different data privacy levels represent different data transmission ranges and protection levels. According to the sensitivity and privacy requirements of the data, you can choose the appropriate data privacy level to ensure correct data processing and protection.
  • FLOPS represents at least one of the following: the computing power required per second for this AI task, Trillions of Operations Per Second (TOPs), and Multiply-Accumulate Operations (MACs).
  • TOPs Trillions of Operations Per Second
  • MACs Multiply-Accumulate Operations
  • the generalization performance parameter is an indicator for evaluating model performance in machine learning. It characterizes the ability of the model to be universal in different scenarios.
  • the generalization performance parameter can help evaluate and select models with better performance in practical applications.
  • the base station can determine the nodes with which the data can be exchanged according to the data privacy level.
  • the options of data privacy level include: data transmission only involves UE and RAN (including OAM), UE internal data, data transmission involves UE, RAN and CN.
  • the definition of internal data is that the original data only exists inside one or more entities, and encryption is required for external transmission or only the result data is externally transmitted.
  • the configuration modification related to the QoS profile in the protocol can be implemented as follows:
  • QoS Flow can be classified as "GBR” or “Non-GBR” according to its QoS profile.
  • the QoS profile of a QoS Flow sends its QoS parameters to the (R)AN, which contains the following QoS parameters:
  • the QoS profile shall include the following QoS parameters: 5G QoS Identifier (5QI), Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP).
  • 5QI 5G QoS Identifier
  • ARP Allocation and Retention Priority
  • the QoS profile can also include the following QoS parameters: Reflective QoS Attribute (RQA).
  • RQA Reflective QoS Attribute
  • the QoS profile should include the following QoS parameters: uplink and downlink guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR), uplink and downlink maximum flow bit rate (MFBR).
  • GFBR uplink and downlink guaranteed flow bit rate
  • MFBR uplink and downlink maximum flow bit rate
  • the QoS profile may also include one or more of the following QoS parameters: notification control, maximum uplink and downlink packet loss rate, FLOPS (floating point operations per second)/TOPs/MACs, data privacy level, and generalized performance parameters.
  • QoS parameters notification control, maximum uplink and downlink packet loss rate, FLOPS (floating point operations per second)/TOPs/MACs, data privacy level, and generalized performance parameters.
  • Step S102 The base station establishes a data connection with the terminal based on the service quality parameter and performs data transmission.
  • the data may be text, image, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.
  • the present disclosure changes the generation source of these service quality parameters, increases the parameters and types included in the service quality parameters, and generates and issues these service quality parameters by the base station.
  • the signaling interaction process is simplified, the number of signaling transmissions is reduced, and the network response speed is improved.
  • the base station and the terminal can establish a data connection and transmit data based on the service quality parameters, which improves the data transmission efficiency.
  • QoS Profile and PDR can be generated autonomously by the base station according to the data generated by the base station under the instruction of the core network, thus eliminating the need for AMF to send QoS Profile signaling to the base station, and the base station assumes part of the functions of SMF and UPF, generates PDR and performs packet filtering of downlink data according to PDR.
  • QoS Rule can also be sent directly to the terminal by the base station through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, instead of AMF transparently transmitting it to the UE through NAS messages, reducing the number of signaling transmissions and improving network efficiency.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the present disclosure provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a terminal. As shown in FIG5 , the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 During the process of establishing a data connection, the terminal receives a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side and sent by the base station.
  • the service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side is a service quality parameter generated by the base station.
  • the quality of service parameter further includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.
  • the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.
  • the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.
  • the second type is the integrated service type, where the integrated service type refers to types related to other services except communication services, such as computing, perception, and intelligent service types.
  • the protocol is modified for the 5G QoS features related to 5QI.
  • 5QI 5G QoS features related to 5QI.
  • Packet delay budget (including core network packet delay budget).
  • Averaging Window (only applicable to GBR and Latency-Critical GBR resource types).
  • model size and number of model parameters are applicable to types related to artificial intelligence, and are used to characterize the size (unit: Mbyte) and number of parameters of the AI model.
  • the quality of service control parameters used by the base station include computing power parameters.
  • the computing power parameter includes at least one of the following: data privacy level, number of floating-point operations per second, and generalization performance parameters.
  • Step S202 The terminal transmits data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • the data may be text, image, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.
  • the terminal receives the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side sent by the base station, and transmits data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • AMF transparently transmits NAS messages to the terminal, reducing the number of signaling transmissions and improving network efficiency.
  • the present disclosure provides another data transmission method. As shown in FIG6 , the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S301 The base station generates service quality parameters, where the service quality parameters at least include service quality control parameters used by the terminal side.
  • the service quality parameters are determined by the core network; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.
  • the quality of service parameter further includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.
  • Step S302 The base station sends a first message to the terminal; correspondingly, the terminal receives the first message sent by the base station; the first message is used to request to establish a data connection, and the first message includes a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side.
  • the first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element (Media Access Control Control Element, MAC CE), and non-access layer NAS message.
  • the encoding format adopted by the first message is TLV format, wherein the TLV format is a data format based on Tag-Length-Value.
  • the PDR NAS signaling in the related technology belongs to the TLV format.
  • the first message can also be sent to the terminal by carrying the encapsulated NAS message using the RRC message.
  • Step S303 The terminal sends a second message to the base station; correspondingly, the base station receives the second message sent by the terminal; the second message is used to respond to the first message.
  • the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and downlink control information (Downlink Control Information, DCI).
  • the second message may also be carried in a NAS message.
  • the second message In the case where the second message is carried in a NAS message instead of an RRC signaling, the second message needs to be sent to both The core network makes notes to facilitate subsequent processes.
  • Step S304 The base station and the terminal perform data transmission based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • the data may be text, image, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.
  • the service quality control parameters used on the terminal side are carried in the first message generated by the base station and sent directly to the terminal.
  • the service quality control parameters used on the terminal side are transparently transmitted to the UE by the AMF through the NAS message, the number of signaling transmissions is reduced and the network efficiency is improved.
  • the present disclosure provides another data transmission method, as shown in FIG7 , the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step S401 The terminal sends a fourth message to the base station; correspondingly, the base station receives the fourth message sent by the terminal; the fourth message is used to request to establish a data connection.
  • the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, and DCI.
  • the fourth message may also be carried in a NAS message.
  • the fourth message is carried in a NAS message instead of an RRC signaling, the fourth message is sent to the core network for annotation so as to execute subsequent processes.
  • Step S402 The base station generates service quality parameters, which at least include service quality control parameters used by the terminal side.
  • the service quality parameters are determined by the core network; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station; or, the service quality parameters are determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.
  • the quality of service parameter further includes at least one of the following: a quality of service control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.
  • Step S403 The base station sends a third message to the terminal; accordingly, the terminal receives the message sent by the base station.
  • the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • the third message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, or NAS message.
  • the encoding format used by the third message is TLV format.
  • the PDR NAS signaling in the related technology belongs to the TLV format.
  • the first message can also be sent to the terminal by carrying the encapsulated NAS message using the RRC message.
  • Step S404 The base station and the terminal perform data transmission based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • the data may be text, image, audio, video or other types of data, or it may be some new types of data, such as data related to artificial intelligence, data related to computing power, data related to perception, and data related to network data collection or management.
  • N2 connection becomes optional. That is, when RAN and UE perform internal data transmission, only RRC connection can be established, or RRC connection and N2 connection can be established.
  • the service quality control parameters used on the terminal side are carried in the third message generated by the base station and sent directly to the terminal.
  • the service quality control parameters used on the terminal side are transparently transmitted to the UE by the AMF through the NAS message, the number of signaling transmissions is reduced and the network efficiency is improved.
  • the above mainly introduces the scheme of the embodiment of the present disclosure from the perspective of the method.
  • the following also shows a data transmission device, which is used to execute the data transmission method in any of the above embodiments and possible implementations thereof.
  • a data transmission device is used to execute the data transmission method in any of the above embodiments and possible implementations thereof.
  • the data transmission device includes hardware structures and/or software modules that perform various functions in order to implement the data transmission method; those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can be implemented in hardware or hardware and computer. Whether a function is executed in hardware or in a computer software-driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure may divide the data transmission device into functional modules according to the above method embodiments.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one functional module.
  • the above integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function.
  • FIG8 is a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a base station.
  • the data transmission device 800 includes: a processing module 801 and a communication module 802 .
  • the processing module 801 is used to generate a service quality parameter, where the service quality parameter includes at least one of the following: a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side, a service quality control parameter adopted by the base station side, and a data packet detection rule adopted by the base station side.
  • the communication module 802 is used to establish a data connection with the terminal based on the service quality parameters and perform data transmission.
  • the communication module 802 is used to send the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side to the terminal when the quality of service parameters include the quality of service control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • the communication module 802 is further used to send a first message to the terminal, where the first message is used to request to establish a data connection, and the first message includes a service quality control parameter used by the terminal side.
  • the communication module 802 is further used to receive a second message sent by the terminal, where the second message is used to respond to the first message.
  • the first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element MAC CE, non-access layer NAS message; the second message is carried in At least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, downlink control information DCI.
  • the communication module 802 is further used to send a third message to the terminal, where the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side.
  • the communication module 802 is further used to receive a fourth message sent by the terminal, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a data connection.
  • the third message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, NAS message; the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI.
  • the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.
  • the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.
  • the service quality control parameters adopted by the base station side include computing power parameters.
  • the computing power parameters include at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating point operations per second, and generalized performance parameters.
  • FIG9 is another data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a terminal.
  • the data transmission device 900 includes: a communication module 901 .
  • the communication module 901 is used to receive the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side sent by the base station during the process of establishing the data connection, where the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side are service quality parameters generated by the base station;
  • the communication module 901 is also used to transmit data with the base station based on the service quality control parameters adopted by the terminal side.
  • the communication module 901 is further used to receive a first message sent by a base station, where the first message is used to request to establish a data connection, and the first message includes a service quality control parameter used by the terminal side.
  • the communication module 901 is used to send a second message to the base station, where the second message is used to respond to the first message.
  • the first message is carried in at least one of the following: radio resource control RRC signaling, media access control element MAC CE, non-access layer NAS message;
  • the second message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, downlink control information DCI.
  • the communication module 901 is used to receive a third message sent by the base station, the third message is used to respond to the fourth message, and the third message includes a service quality control parameter adopted by the terminal side.
  • the communication module 901 is used to send a fourth message to the base station, where the fourth message is used to request to establish a data connection.
  • the third message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, NAS message; the fourth message is carried in at least one of the following: RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI.
  • the quality of service parameter is determined by the core network; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station; or, the quality of service parameter is determined by the base station under the instruction of the core network.
  • the service quality control parameters adopted on the base station side include service quality characteristic parameters, and the service quality characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: model size, number of model parameters, and resource type; wherein, the resource type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type; wherein, the first type is a type related to artificial intelligence, and the second type is a type related to services other than communication services.
  • the quality of service control parameters used by the base station include computing power parameters.
  • the computing power parameters include at least one of the following: data privacy level, floating point operations per second, and generalized performance parameters.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a possible structure of a communication device, which is used to execute the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the communication device 100 includes: a communication interface 103, a processor 102 and a bus 104.
  • the communication device may also include a memory 101.
  • the processor 102 may be configured to implement or execute various exemplary Logic blocks, modules and circuits.
  • the processor 102 may be a central processing unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the processor 102 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.
  • the communication interface 103 is used to connect with other devices through a communication network.
  • the communication network can be Ethernet, wireless access network, wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.
  • the memory 101 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory 101 may exist independently of the processor 102, and the memory 101 may be connected to the processor 102 via the bus 104 to store instructions or program codes.
  • the processor 102 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 101, the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented.
  • the memory 101 may also be integrated with the processor 102 .
  • the bus 104 may be an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc.
  • the bus 104 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.
  • FIG10 only uses one thick line, but does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium (eg, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium) having computer program instructions stored therein.
  • a computer-readable storage medium eg, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium
  • the computer program instructions When executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the data transmission method as described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the computer may be the above-mentioned communication device, and the present disclosure does not limit the specific form of the computer.
  • the computer-readable storage media described above may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes, etc.), optical disks (e.g., Compact Disks (CDs), Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.).
  • the various computer-readable storage media described in the present disclosure may represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable storage media for storing information.
  • the term "machine-readable storage medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product including instructions.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the data transmission method described in any one of the above embodiments.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种数据传输方法、装置及存储介质，涉及通信技术领域。该数据传输方法包括：基站生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则；基站向终端发送终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数；基站基于服务质量参数与终端建立数据连接并进行数据传输。

Description

数据传输方法、装置及存储介质
交叉引用
本发明要求在2023年12月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202311648493.5、发明名称为“数据传输方法、装置及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法、装置及存储介质。
背景技术
人工智能技术在第五代移动通信技术(the 5th Generation mobile communication technology，5G)网络中的应用促进了移动通信网络和垂直行业的智能化发展，但以“打补丁”和“外挂”的应用模式阻碍了人工智能(Artificial Intelligence，AI)应用效果的发挥。
同时，人工智能在各行各业的应用探索，对未来网络新的基础能力提出了需求，面向智慧泛在的未来愿景，第六代移动通信技术(the 4th Generation mobile communication technology，6G)网络需要具有内生AI能力。6G网络内生AI要求6G网络架构内部提供数据采集、数据预处理、模型训练、模型推理、模型评估等AI工作流全生命周期的完整运行环境，将AI服务所需的算力、数据、算法、连接与网络功能、协议和流程进行深度融合设计。网络支持内生AI后，网络环境会更加复杂，信令的传递量和延迟会大大增加，因此亟需一种数据传输方法，以提升网络效率和性能。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种数据传输方法、装置及存储介质，用于改变服务 质量参数的产生源，进而简化信令交互流程。本公开实施例提供的技术方案如下：
一方面，提供一种数据传输方法，应用于基站，该方法包括：生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则；基于服务质量参数与终端建立数据连接并进行数据传输。
另一方面，提供一种数据传输方法，应用于终端，该方法包括：在建立数据连接的过程中，接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数属于基站生成的服务质量参数；基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数与基站进行数据传输。
又一方面，提供一种数据传输装置，应用于基站，该装置包括：处理模块，用于生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则；通信模块，用于基于服务质量参数与终端建立数据连接并进行数据传输。
又一方面，提供一种数据传输装置，应用于终端，该装置包括：通信模块，用于在建立数据连接的过程中，接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数属于基站生成的服务质量参数；通信模块，还用于基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数与基站进行数据传输。
又一方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：存储器和处理器；存储器和处理器耦合；存储器用于存储处理器可执行的计算机程序指令；处理器执行计算机程序指令时实现上述任一实施例的数据传输方法。
又一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令，当计算机程序指令在计算机(例如通信装置或信号传输装置)上运行时实现上述任一实施例的数据传输方法。
又一方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机程 序指令，该计算机程序指令被执行时实现上述任一实施例的数据传输方法。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的用户面流量的分类和标记以及QoS Flow到无线资源的映射原理示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的一种现有标准会话建立流程的交互流程图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的另一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的交互流程图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的另一种数据传输方法的交互流程图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构示意图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的另一种数据传输装置的结构示意图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示“或”的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B。本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，“至少一个”是指一个或 多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
需要说明的是，本公开中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本公开中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)体系概述：
5G QoS特征定义了各网络节点处理每个QoS流时的特征参数集。特征参数集被分为标准化的QoS特征和运营商专用QoS特征。其中，标准化的QoS特征与固定的5G QoS标识符(5G QoS Identifier，5QI)关联。
5QI是一个标量，用作5G QoS特征的参考，即控制QoS Flow的QoS转发处理的接入节点特定参数。
在标准23.501g70中对5QI描述了以下内容：
1)5G QoS特性，与5QI关联的5G QoS特性描述了QoS Flow在终端和UPF之间的边到边的数据包转发处理，具体表现为以下性能特征：
1、资源类型(非保障性比特率(Guaranteed Bit Rate，GBR)、GBR、延迟关键的GBR)。
2、优先级。
3、数据包错误率。
4、数据包延迟预算(包括核心网络数据包延迟预算)。
5、平均窗口(仅适用于GBR和延迟关键的GBR资源类型)。
6、最大数据突发容量(仅适用于延迟关键的GBR资源类型)。
2)标准化的5QI到QoS特性映射，对于那些被认为经常使用并通过使用标准化QoS特性进行优化信令的服务，指定了标准化的5QI值。 动态分配的5QI值(需要将QoS特性作为QoS配置文件的一部分进行信令)可用于未定义标准化5QI值的服务。标准化的5QI值到5G QoS特性的一对一映射可以在表1中进行了指定。其中，表1仅展示了部分示例。
表1
在一个协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)会话中，有一个唯一的服务质量流标识(QoS Flow ID，QFI)用于标识服务质量流(QoS Flow)(QFI与5QI一一对应，但并不排除未来版本中解耦此关系)。5G基于QoS Flow进行QoS保障，QoS Flow由服务管理功能(Service Management Function，SMF)实体控制，通过PDU会话建立过程和PDU会话修改过程建立或重配。
QoS参数：
5G核心网利用QoS参数配置服务质量参数来实现在不同网络节点的QoS保障和控制。服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数(记为QoS Rule)、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数(记为QoS Profile)、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则(Packet Detection Rules， PDR)。
其中1)QoS Profile由SMF通过接入和移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)利用N2口配置给基站，实现基站侧的QoS控制。2)QoS Rule以及QoS参数由SMF通过AMF利用N1口配合给终端，或者终端通过反射QoS来实现终端侧的QoS控制。3)PDR由SMF提供给用户平面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)，并在UPF节点实现QoS控制。
基站(gNB)使用的QoS控制参数QoS Profile由SMF通过AMF利用(PDU会话来源调整请求(PDU Session Resource Modify Request)消息和PDU会话来源建立请求(PDU Session Resource Setup Request)消息传输给gNB)，每个QoS Profile和一个QFI对应关联，QoS Profile由5QI、分配和保持优先级(Allocation and Retention Priority，ARP)、反射服务质量属性(Reflective QoS Attribute，RQA)、确保流量比特率(Guarantee Flow Bit Rate，GFBR)和最大流量比特率(Maximun Flow Bit Rate，MFBR)、通知控制、最大分组丢失率参数组成。
终端使用的QoS控制参数QoS Rule是终端执行上行用户面数据业务的分配和标记(QoS Rule将上行数据关联到对应的QoS Flow)。QoS Rule AMF通过会话创建或调整过程(PDU Session Establishment/Modification Procedure)显示提供给终端，或预配置或隐式提供。QoS Rule内容包括1)QoS Rule所关联的QoS Flow的QFI；2)数据分组过滤集(Packet Filter Set，PFS)；3)QoS Rule的相对优先级值。在上行方向，当上行数据产生时：(1)终端将上行数据分组和多个QoS Rule中的分组过滤集比对，比对需按优先级值(Precedence Value)指示的顺序进行，直到找到与数据分组匹配的QoS Rule(这个QoS Rule的分组过滤器匹配该上行数据分组)；2)如果没有找到匹配的QoS Rule，则丢弃该分组；(3)终端利用匹配的OoS Rule对应的QFI来标记用户 数据并捆绑到对应的QoS Flow中，并在服务数据适配协议(Service Data Adaptation Protocol，SDAP)层将QoS Flow映射到无线空口资源：(4)接入网(包括基站)通过N3接口将QoS Flow传递到UPF；(5)UPF验证该QFI值是否和发给终端的一个QoS Rule关联，或者是否是终端从反射Qos推导而出；(6)UPF利用PDR执行会话的聚合最大比特率(Session Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate，Session-AMBR)操作，并对分组进行用于计费的计数。
UPF使用的QoS控制参数为PDR。PDR的内容包括1)服务数据流模板(Service Data Flow template，SDF templat)的上行或者下行数据分组过滤器；2)PDR优先级；3)QoS实施规则，如服务数据流(Service Data Flow，SDF)最大比特速率、GFBR和GBRQoS Flow的最大比特速率；4)转发行为规则；5)反射QoS指示。PDR由SMF同通过N4的N4会话管理(例如N4会话建立(N4 Session Establishment)或N4会话调整(N4 Session Modification))过程发送给UPF。
示例性的，图1提供了用户面流量的分类和标记以及QoS Flow到无线资源的映射原理的示意图。
数据流映射和QoS控制流程：
在下行方向，下行数据到时：1)UPF的工作包括对数据进行分类并用QFI标记和QoS控制，并向终端转发。2)UPF利用PDR进行用户数据流检测，映射到QoS Flow。3)UPF执行Session-AMBR等操作，并对分组进行用于计费的计数。4)UPF将QFI和反射QoS的激活指示信息封装到头信息中，传输给接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)。
在gNB侧，由gNB通过RAN侧规则将QoS Flow映射为空口无线资源(并非1：1映射，映射规则由基站的SDAP层决定)，并根据QoS配置进行QoS操作。
在上行方向，当上行数据产生时：1)终端利用匹配的QoS Rule对 应的QFI来标记用户数据并捆绑到对应的QoS Flow中，并在SDAP层将QoS Flow映射到无线空口资源：2)接入网通过N3接口将QoS Flow传递到UPF；3)UPF验证该QFI值是否和发给终端的一个QoS Rule关联，或者是否是终端从反射QoS推导而出；4)UPF利用PDR执行Session-AMBR操作，并对分组进行用于计费的计数。
未来网络将是智能的网络，目前AI的处理还主要集中在云上，但是对于空口特有的AI用例，例如CSI反馈优化、波束管理和定位，通过终端或RAN将大量数据上传到云上会占用大量资源并且交互时延长。如果终端和RAN也具备数据收集、模型训练和模型存储的功能。即数据收集、模型训练、模型存储的实体可以是RAN或者终端，那么开销将大大降低。
模型传输场景可能有以下几种：终端请求AI模型，RAN将训练好的AI模型发送给终端；终端请求模型发送，把自己训练好的模型发送给RAN。RAN请求AI模型，终端将训练好的AI模型发送给基站；RAN请求模型发送，把自己的AI模型发送给终端；从以上流程可以看出RAN或终端需要具备一定的算力、存储以及数据处理能力。RAN向终端发送RAN自生成的数据时，会话建立的交互流程可以进一步简化。
示例性的，如图2所示，以当前标准会话建立流程配置QoS相关参数为例，终端首先发送NAS消息，即PDU会话建立请求(PDU Session Establishment Request)给AMF，AMF分别执行SMF选择、PDU Session二次鉴权和授权、SMF执行PCF选择、SMF执行UPF选择、SMF发送Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer给AMF。其中包含N2 SM information和N1 SM Container信息，分别发送给RAN和终端。在如下过程中，QoS参数也在如下流程中进行传递：
QoS Profile：gNB使用的QoS控制参数QoS Profile包括5QI、ARP、RQA、GFBR、MPLR等。由SMF通过AMF利用N2口(PDU Session  Resource Modify Request消息和PDU Session Resource Setup Request消息传输给gNB)。
QoS Rule：终端使用的QoS控制参数QoS Rule是终端执行上行用户面数据业务的分配和标记(即QoS Rule将上行数据关联到对应的QoS Flow)。由SMF通过AMF利用N1口PDU Session Establishment/Modification Procedure把QoS Rule显示提供给终端，或预配置或隐式提供。
PDR：UPF使用的QoS控制参数PDR内容包括1)SDF template的上行或者下行数据分组过滤器；2)PDR优先级；3)QoS实施规则，如SDF最大比特速率、GFBR和GBR QoS Flow的最大比特速率；4)转发行为规则；5)反射QoS指示。由SMF同通过N4的N4 Session management(例如N4 Session Establishment或N4 Session Modification)过程发送给UPF。
对于未来通信系统，AI等RAN内产生的新数据，网络环境会更加复杂，信令的传递量和延迟会大大增加，因此亟需一种数据传输方法，精简信令的交互流程，以提升网络效率和性能。
鉴于此，本公开提出一种数据传输方法，通过基站生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则。相比于相关技术中通过核心网网元负责生成和下发这些服务质量参数，本公开改变了这些服务质量参数的产生源，增加了服务质量参数所包含的参数和类型，并由基站对这些服务质量参数进行生成和下发，简化了信令交互流程，减少信令的传递次数，提高了网络的响应速度。
本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法，可以应用于多种通信制式的系统。例如，本公开实施例所提供的数据传输方法可以适用的系统包括但不限于LTE系统、基于LTE演进的各种版本、5G系统等通信系统中。 此外，本公开实施例所提供的系统消息的发送、接收方法，还可以适用于面向未来的通信系统(例如6G通信系统)等。
本公开实施例中移动通信网络(包括但不限于3G，4G，5G以及未来移动通信网络)的网络架构可以至少包括第一通信节点和第二通信节点。应当理解的是，在本示例中，在下行链路中第一通信节点可以是网络侧设备(例如包括但不限于基站)，第二通信节点可以终端侧设备(例如包括但不限于终端)。当然，在上行链路中第一通信节点也可以是终端侧设备，第二通信节点也可以是网络侧设备。在两个通信节点是设备到设备通信中，第一通信节点和第二通信节点都可以是基站或者终端。第一通信节点和第二通信节点可以分别简称第一节点和第二节点。
示例性的，以第一通信节点为终端，第二通信节点为基站为例，如图3所示，为本公开实施例提供的一种通信系统，该通信系统包括终端10和基站20。终端10和基站20可以为一个或多个，不对数量进行限定。
在一些实施例中，基站20为终端10提供无线接入服务。一个基站20提供至少一个服务覆盖区域(又可称为小区)。进入该区域的终端10可通过无线信号与基站20通信，以此来接受基站20提供的无线接入服务。
在一些实施例中，基站可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，长期演进增强(long term evolution advanced，LTEA)中的基站或演进型基站(evolutional node B，eNB或eNodeB)、5G网络中的基站设备、或者未来通信系统中的基站等，基站可以包括各种宏基站、微基站、家庭基站、无线拉远、可重构智能表面(reconfigurable intelligent surfaces，RISs)、路由器、中继、TRP、无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)设备等各种网络侧设备。
在一些实施例中，终端可以是一种具有无线收发功能的设备。终端 可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)终端、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。本公开的实施例对应用场景不做限定。终端有时也可以称为用户，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)、接入终端、UE单元、UE站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、UE终端、无线通信设备、UE代理或UE装置等，本公开实施例对此并不限定。
需要说明的是，图3仅为示例性框架图，图3中包括的设备的数量，各个设备的名称不受限制，且除图3所示的设备外，通信系统还可以包括其他设备，如核心网设备。
本公开的实施例的应用场景不做限定。本公开实施例描述的系统架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本公开实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本公开实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本公开实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本公开实施例提供一种数据传输方法，应用于基站，如图4所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S101、基站生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数可以称为QoS Profile，终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数可以称QoS Rule、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则可以称为PDR，对此不作限定。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，服务质量参数由基站确定；或者，服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由基站确定。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括服务质量特征参数，服务质量特征参数包括以下至少一项：模型大小、模型参数个数、资源类型；其中，资源类型包括以下至少一项：第一类型、第二类型；其中，第一类型为与人工智能相关的类型，第二类型为除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型。
例如，第二类型为综合业务类型，这里的综合业务类型是指除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型，例如计算、感知、智能的业务类型。
其中，模型大小、模型参数个数这两个参数适用于与人工智能相关的类型，用于表征AI模型的大小(单位：Mbyte)和参数个数。
示例性的，为了适应于上述实施例，将协议针对与5QI相关的5GQoS特性进行修改。这些特性描述了QoS Flow从UE到UPF之间的数据包转发处理方式，修改后具体表现为以下性能特征：
1、资源类型(非GBR、GBR、延迟关键的GBR、AI服务)。
2、优先级。
3、数据包延迟预算(包括核心网络数据包延迟预算)。
4、数据包错误率。
5、平均窗口(仅适用于GBR和延迟关键的GBR资源类型)。
6、最大数据突发容量(仅适用于延迟关键的GBR资源类型)。
7、模型大小。
8、模型参数数量。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括算力参数。
在一些实施例中，算力参数包括以下至少一项：数据隐私等级、每秒浮点运算次数(Floating Point Operations per Second，FLOPS)、泛化性能参数。
其中，数据隐私等级是基站根据数据的敏感程度和隐私需求，确定了数据可以交互的节点范围。不同的数据隐私等级代表了不同的数据传输范围和保护级别。根据数据的敏感性和隐私需求，可以选择适当的数据隐私等级来确保正确的数据处理和保护。
FLOPS表征以下至少一项：本次AI任务每秒需要的算力大小，每秒万亿次运算(Trillions of Operations Per Second，TOPs),乘累加操作(Multiply-Accumulate Operations，MACs)。这样基站可以根据该FLOPS确定需要给该服务分配的算力资源。
泛化性能参数是机器学习中评估模型性能的一个指标，它表征了模型能够在不同场景下通用的能力。泛化性能参数可以帮助评估和选择在实际应用中性能更优的模型。
在一些实施例中，基站可以根据数据隐私等级确定该数据可以交互的节点。其中，数据隐私等级的选项包括：数据传输仅涉及UE和RAN内部(包括OAM)、UE内部数据、数据传输涉及UE，RAN和CN。内部数据的定义是原始数据仅存在于一个或多个实体内部，外发需要加密或者仅外发结果数据。
在一些实施例中，泛化性能参数为不同的场景组合下(例如：不同部署、不同频点、室内/室外、收发天线数、移动速度)，与基准值相比，性能收益高于预设比值的场景个数占总场景个数的比例。例如，一共有1000个模型参与结果评估，最终有900个模型的性能收益高于0.9％，那么该模型的泛化性能参数为900/1000＝90％。
示例性的，基于上述实施例描述可以将协议中QoS配置文件相关配置修改实现为：
QoS配置文件，QoS Flow可以根据其QoS配置文件分为“GBR”或“非GBR”。QoS Flow的QoS配置文件将其QoS参数发送到(R)AN，它包含以下QoS参数:
(1)对于每个QoS Flow，QoS配置文件应包括以下QoS参数：5GQoS标识符(5QI)、分配和保留优先级(ARP)。
(2)只针对非GBR QoS Flow，QoS配置文件还可以包括以下QoS参数：反射QoS属性(RQA)。
(3)只针对GBR QoS Flow，QoS配置文件应包括以下QoS参数：上行和下行保证流量比特率(GFBR)、上行和下行最大流量比特率(MFBR)。
(4)只针对GBR QoS Flow，QoS配置文件还可以包括以下QoS参数之一或多个：通知控制、上行和下行最大数据包丢失率、FLOPS(每秒浮点运算次数)/TOPs/MACs、数据隐私等级、泛化性能参数。
可以理解的是，随着基站功能从通信功能扩展到对智能、感知、计算等功能的支持，QoS Profile参数和QoS特征也需要扩展。在引入AI服务后，需要规定模型的大小以及模型的参数，二者直接影响了模型传递时的需要的速率大小。另外，由于AI服务不仅需要时频空码类的资源，将基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数引入算力参数，基于算力参数可以为基站可以更加准确为AI服务分配计算资源，包括处理器性能、内存容量、存储空间等。通过合理地配置和管理这些资源，可以保证AI服务在基站侧的高效运行，并满足所需的计算需求。
步骤S102、基站基于服务质量参数与终端建立数据连接并进行数据传输。
其中，该数据可以是文本、图像、音频或视频等类型的数据，也可以是一些新型数据，例如与人工智能相关的数据、与算力相关的数据、与感知相关的数据、与网络数据收集或管理相关的数据。
基于此，相比于相关技术中通过核心网网元负责生成和下发这些服务质量参数，本公开改变了这些服务质量参数的产生源，增加了服务质量参数所包含的参数和类型，并由基站对这些服务质量参数进行生成和 下发，简化了信令交互流程，减少信令的传递次数，提高了网络的响应速度。而且基站和终端可以基于服务质量参数建立数据连接并进行数据传输，提高了数据传输效率。
例如，如QoS Profile和PDR，基站可以在核心网的指示下根据基站产生的数据自主生成，从而省去了AMF向基站发送QoS Profile的信令，并且基站承担一部分SMF和UPF的功能，生成PDR并且根据PDR进行下行数据的分组过滤。另外QoS Rule也可以由基站由无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)信令直接发送给终端，而不是AMF通过NAS消息透传给UE，减少信令的传递次数，提高了网络效率。
本公开实施例提供一种数据传输方法，应用于终端，如图5所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S201、在建立数据连接的过程中，终端接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数属于基站生成的服务质量参数。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数还包括以下至少一项：基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，所述服务质量参数由所述基站确定；或者，所述服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由所述基站确定。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括服务质量特征参数，所述服务质量特征参数包括以下至少一项：模型大小、模型参数个数、资源类型；其中，所述资源类型包括以下至少一项：第一类型、第二类型；其中，所述第一类型为与人工智能相关的类型，所述第二类型为除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型。
例如，第二类型为综合业务类型，这里的综合业务类型是指除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型，例如计算、感知、智能的业务类型。
示例性的，为了适应于上述实施例，将协议针对与5QI相关的5GQoS特性进行修改。这些特性描述了QoS Flow从UE到UPF之间的数据包转发处理方式，修改后具体表现为以下性能特征：
1、资源类型(非GBR、GBR、延迟关键的GBR、AI服务)。
2、优先级。
3、数据包延迟预算(包括核心网络数据包延迟预算)。
4、数据包错误率。
5、平均窗口(仅适用于GBR和延迟关键的GBR资源类型)。
6、最大数据突发容量(仅适用于延迟关键的GBR资源类型)。
7、模型大小。
8、模型参数数量。
其中，模型大小、模型参数个数这两个参数适用于与人工智能相关的类型，用于表征AI模型的大小(单位：Mbyte)和参数个数。
在一些实施例中，基站采用的服务质量控制参数包括算力参数。
在一些实施例中，所述算力参数包括以下至少一项：数据隐私等级、每秒浮点运算次数、泛化性能参数。
其中，关于算力参数所相关的内容可以参考S101中对于算力参数所相关的内容的描述。
步骤S202、终端基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数与基站进行数据传输。
其中，该数据可以是文本、图像、音频或视频等类型的数据，也可以是一些新型数据，例如与人工智能相关的数据、与算力相关的数据、与感知相关的数据、与网络数据收集或管理相关的数据。
基于此，在建立数据连接的过程中，终端接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，并基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数与基站进行数据传输。相比于相关技术中终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数由 AMF通过NAS消息透传给终端，减少了信令的传递次数，提高了网络效率。
本公开实施例提供另一种数据传输方法。如图6所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S301、基站生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数至少包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
其中，服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，服务质量参数由基站确定；或者，服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由基站确定。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数还包括以下至少一项：基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则。
步骤S302、基站向终端发送第一消息；相应的，终端接收基站发送的第一消息；第一消息用于请求建立数据连接，第一消息包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，第一消息承载于以下至少一项中：无线资源控制RRC信令、媒体访问控制元素(Media Access Control Control Element，MAC CE)、非接入层NAS消息。
在一些实施例中，第一消息采用的编码格式为TLV格式。其中，TLV格式是基于标记-长度-值(Tag-Length-Value)的一种数据格式。
其中，相关技术中PDR NAS信令属于TLV格式，为了简单起见，也可以用RRC消息携带封装的NAS消息将第一消息发送给终端。
步骤S303、终端向基站发送第二消息；相应的，基站接收终端发送的第二消息；第二消息用于响应第一消息。
在一些实施例中，第二消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、下行控制信息(Downlink Control Information，DCI)。
在一些实施例中，第二消息还可以承载于NAS消息，在第二消息承载于NAS消息而非RRC信令的情况下，需要将第二消息同时发送给 核心网进行备注，以便执行后续流程。
步骤S304、基站和终端基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数进行数据传输。
其中，该数据可以是文本、图像、音频或视频等类型的数据，也可以是一些新型数据，例如与人工智能相关的数据、与算力相关的数据、与感知相关的数据、与网络数据收集或管理相关的数据。
基于此，将终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数承载于第一消息由基站生成并直接发送给终端，相比于相关技术中由AMF通过NAS消息将终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数透传给UE，减少信令的传递次数，提升网络效率。
本公开提供了又一种数据传输方法，如图7所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S401、终端向基站发送第四消息；相应的，基站接收终端发送的第四消息；第四消息用于请求建立数据连接。
在一些实施例中，第四消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、DCI。
在一些实施例中，第四消息还可以承载于NAS消息，在第四消息承载于NAS消息而非RRC信令的情况下，将第四消息发送给核心网进行备注，以便执行后续流程。
步骤S402、基站生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数至少包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
其中，服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，服务质量参数由基站确定；或者，服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由基站确定。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数还包括以下至少一项：基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则。
步骤S403、基站向终端发送第三消息；相应的，终端接收基站发送 的第三消息；第三消息用于响应第四消息，第三消息包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，第三消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、NAS消息。
在一些实施例中，第三消息采用的编码格式为TLV格式。
其中，相关技术中PDR NAS信令属于TLV格式，为了简单起见，也可以用RRC消息携带封装的NAS消息将第一消息发送给终端。
步骤S404、基站和终端基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数进行数据传输。
其中，该数据可以是文本、图像、音频或视频等类型的数据，也可以是一些新型数据，例如与人工智能相关的数据、与算力相关的数据、与感知相关的数据、与网络数据收集或管理相关的数据。
可以理解的是，如果传输仅涉及RAN和UE，那么仅依靠RRC连接即可，N2连接变为可选。即在RAN和UE进行内部数据传输时，可以建立仅建立RRC连接，或者建立RRC连接和N2连接。
基于此，将终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数承载于第三消息由基站生成并直接发送给终端，相比于相关技术中由AMF通过NAS消息将终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数透传给UE，减少信令的传递次数，提升网络效率。
上述主要从方法的角度对本公开实施例的方案进行了介绍。下文还示出了一种数据传输装置，数据传输装置用于执行上述任意实施例及其可能的实现方式中的数据传输方法，一种数据传输装置用于执行上述任意实施例及其可能的实现方式中的数据传输方法。
可以理解的是，数据传输装置为了实现数据传输方法，包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块；本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本公开实施例描述的各示例的算法步骤，本公开能够以硬件或硬件和计算 机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本公开的范围。
本公开实施例可以根据上述方法实施例分别对数据传输装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应每一个功能划分每一个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个功能模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件的形式实现。需要说明的是，本公开实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。下面以采用对应每一个功能划分每一个功能模块为例进行说明。
图8是本公开实施例提供的一种数据传输装置，应用于基站。该数据传输装置800包括：处理模块801和通信模块802。
处理模块801，用于生成服务质量参数，服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则。
通信模块802，用于基于服务质量参数和终端建立数据连接并进行数据传输。
在一些实施例中，通信模块802，用于在服务质量参数包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数的情况下，向终端发送终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，通信模块802，还用于向终端发送第一消息，第一消息用于请求建立数据连接，第一消息包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，通信模块802，还用于接收终端发送的第二消息，第二消息用于响应第一消息。
在一些实施例中，第一消息承载于以下至少一项中：无线资源控制RRC信令、媒体访问控制元素MAC CE、非接入层NAS消息；第二消息承载于以 下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、下行控制信息DCI。
在一些实施例中，通信模块802，还用于向终端发送第三消息，第三消息用于响应第四消息，第三消息包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，通信模块802，还用于接收终端发送的第四消息，第四消息用于请求建立数据连接。
在一些实施例中，第三消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、NAS消息；第四消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、DCI。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，服务质量参数由基站确定；或者，服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由基站确定。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括服务质量特征参数，服务质量特征参数包括以下至少一项：模型大小、模型参数个数、资源类型；其中，资源类型包括以下至少一项：第一类型、第二类型；其中，第一类型为与人工智能相关的类型，第二类型为除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括算力参数。
在一些实施例中，算力参数包括以下至少一项：数据隐私等级、每秒浮点运算次数、泛化性能参数。
图9是本公开实施例提供的另一种数据传输装置，应用于终端。该数据传输装置900包括：通信模块901。
通信模块901，用于在建立数据连接的过程中，接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数属于基站生成的服务质量参数；
通信模块901，还用于基于终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数与基站进行数据传输。
在一些实施例中，通信模块901，还用于接收基站发送的第一消息，第一消息用于请求建立数据连接，第一消息包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，通信模块901，用于向基站发送第二消息，第二消息用于响应第一消息。
在一些实施例中，第一消息承载于以下至少一项中：无线资源控制RRC信令、媒体访问控制元素MAC CE、非接入层NAS消息；第二消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、下行控制信息DCI。
在一些实施例中，通信模块901，用于接收基站发送的第三消息，第三消息用于响应第四消息，第三消息包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
在一些实施例中，通信模块901，用于向基站发送第四消息，第四消息用于请求建立数据连接。
在一些实施例中，第三消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、NAS消息；第四消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、DCI。
在一些实施例中，服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，服务质量参数由基站确定；或者，服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由基站确定。
在一些实施例中，基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括服务质量特征参数，服务质量特征参数包括以下至少一项：模型大小、模型参数个数、资源类型；其中，资源类型包括以下至少一项：第一类型、第二类型；其中，第一类型为与人工智能相关的类型，第二类型为除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型。
在一些实施例中，基站采用的服务质量控制参数包括算力参数。
在一些实施例中，算力参数包括以下至少一项：数据隐私等级、每秒浮点运算次数、泛化性能参数。
在采用硬件的形式实现上述集成的模块的功能的情况下，本公开实施例还提供了一种通信装置可能的结构，该通信装置用于执行本公开实施例所提供的数据传输方法。如图10所示，该通信装置100包括：通信接口103、处理器102和总线104。可选的，该通信装置还可以包括存储器101。
处理器102，可以是实现或执行结合本公开实施例所描述的各种示例性的 逻辑方框，模块和电路。该处理器102可以是中央处理器，通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路，现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本公开实施例所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器102也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等。
通信接口103，用于与其他设备通过通信网络连接。该通信网络可以是以太网，无线接入网，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
存储器101，可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。
作为一种可能的实现方式，存储器101可以独立于处理器102存在，存储器101可以通过总线104与处理器102相连接，用于存储指令或者程序代码。处理器102调用并执行存储器101中存储的指令或程序代码时，能够实现本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法。
另一种可能的实现方式中，存储器101也可以和处理器102集成在一起。
总线104，可以是扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。总线104可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
本公开的一些实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质(例如，非暂态计算机可读存储介质)，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序指令， 计算机程序指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如上述实施例中任一实施例所述的数据传输方法。
在一示例性的实施方式中，该计算机可以是上述通信装置，本公开对计算机的具体形式不作限制。
在一些示例中，上述计算机可读存储介质可以包括，但不限于：磁存储器件(例如，硬盘、软盘或磁带等)，光盘(例如，压缩盘(Compact Disk，CD)、数字通用盘(Digital Versatile Disk，DVD)等)，智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)。本公开描述的各种计算机可读存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读存储介质。术语“机器可读存储介质”可包括但不限于，无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
本公开实施例提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述实施例中任一实施例所述的数据传输方法。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本公开揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其中，应用于基站，所述方法包括：
    生成服务质量参数，所述服务质量参数包括以下至少一项：终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数、基站侧采用的数据分组检测规则；
    基于所述服务质量参数与终端建立数据连接并进行数据传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    在所述服务质量参数至少包括终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数的情况下，向终端发送所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述向终端发送所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，包括：
    向所述终端发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求建立数据连接，所述第一消息包括所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述终端发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于响应所述第一消息。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述第一消息承载于以下至少一项中：无线资源控制RRC信令、媒体访问控制元素MAC CE、非接入层NAS消息；所述第二消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、下行控制信息DCI。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述向终端发送所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，包括：
    向所述终端发送第三消息，所述第三消息用于响应第四消息，所述第三消息包括所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，在所述向所述终端发送第三消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述终端发送的所述第四消息，所述第四消息用于请求建立数据连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述第三消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、NAS消息；所述第四消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、DCI。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，所述服务质量参数由所述基站确定；或者，所述服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由所述基站确定。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括服务质量特征参数，所述服务质量特征参数包括以下至少一项：模型大小、模型参数个数、资源类型；其中，所述资源类型包括以下至少一项：第一类型、第二类型；其中，所述第一类型为与人工智能相关的类型，所述第二类型为除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括算力参数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述算力参数包括以下至少一项：数据隐私等级、每秒浮点运算次数、泛化性能参数。
  13. 一种数据传输方法，其中，应用于终端，所述方法包括：
    在建立数据连接的过程中，接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数属于所述基站生成的服务质量参数；
    基于所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数与基站进行数据传输。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，包括：
    接收所述基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求建立数据连接，所述第一消息包括所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    向所述基站发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于响应所述第一消息。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述第一消息承载于以下至少一项中：无线资源控制RRC信令、媒体访问控制元素MAC CE、非接入层NAS消息；所述第二消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、下行控制信息DCI。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述接收基站发送的终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数，包括：
    接收所述基站发送的第三消息，所述第三消息用于响应第四消息，所述第三消息包括所述终端侧采用的服务质量控制参数。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中，在所述接收所述基站发送的第三消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述基站发送所述第四消息，所述第四消息用于请求建立数据连接。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其中，所述第三消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、NAS消息；所述第四消息承载于以下至少一项中：RRC信令、MAC CE、DCI。
  20. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述服务质量参数由核心网确定；或者，所述服务质量参数由所述基站确定；或者，所述服务质量参数在核心网的指示下由所述基站确定。
  21. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述基站侧采用的服务质量控制参数包括服务质量特征参数，所述服务质量特征参数包括以下至少一项：模型大小、模型参数个数、资源类型；其中，所述资源类型包括以下至少一项：第一类型、第二类型；其中，所述第一类型为与人工智能相关的类型，所述第二类型为除通信业务之外其他业务相关的类型。
  22. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述基站采用的服务质量控制参数包括算力参数。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其中，所述算力参数包括以下至少一项：数据隐私等级、每秒浮点运算次数、泛化性能参数。
  24. 一种通信装置，其中，包括：存储器和处理器；存储器和处理器耦合；存储器用于存储所述处理器可执行的指令；所述处理器执行所述指令时执行如权利要求1至23中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其中，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1至23中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2024/100286 2023-12-01 2024-06-20 数据传输方法、装置及存储介质 Pending WO2025112476A1 (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1852586A (zh) * 2005-11-10 2006-10-25 华为技术有限公司 一种传递服务质量参数的方法和系统
CN116076105A (zh) * 2021-07-12 2023-05-05 北京小米移动软件有限公司 策略处理方法及装置、通信设备及存储介质
CN116133059A (zh) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-16 索尼集团公司 用于通信系统的电子设备、方法和存储介质
CN117135699A (zh) * 2022-05-20 2023-11-28 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 一种服务质量参数管理方法、节点和存储介质

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1852586A (zh) * 2005-11-10 2006-10-25 华为技术有限公司 一种传递服务质量参数的方法和系统
CN116076105A (zh) * 2021-07-12 2023-05-05 北京小米移动软件有限公司 策略处理方法及装置、通信设备及存储介质
CN116133059A (zh) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-16 索尼集团公司 用于通信系统的电子设备、方法和存储介质
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