WO2025112288A1 - 换电系统及编码方法 - Google Patents

换电系统及编码方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025112288A1
WO2025112288A1 PCT/CN2024/091665 CN2024091665W WO2025112288A1 WO 2025112288 A1 WO2025112288 A1 WO 2025112288A1 CN 2024091665 W CN2024091665 W CN 2024091665W WO 2025112288 A1 WO2025112288 A1 WO 2025112288A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
module
control unit
pull
installation slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/091665
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林本锋
张键涛
杨隆杰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Contemporary Amperex Runzhi Software Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Contemporary Amperex Runzhi Software Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd, Contemporary Amperex Runzhi Software Technology Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025112288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025112288A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of coding technology, and in particular to a battery replacement system and a coding method.
  • the slave battery management system (SBMU) is used as the communication node of the master battery management system (MBMU).
  • MBMU master battery management system
  • the SBMU needs to be encoded.
  • the present application provides a battery replacement system and encoding method, which can be implemented as encoding from a battery management system.
  • the present application provides a battery exchange system, comprising: a main battery management system, the main battery management system comprising N first voltage dividing modules with different voltage dividing capabilities, the first end of the first voltage dividing module being connected to an installation slot, different first voltage dividing modules being connected to different installation slots, and N being a positive integer greater than 1; N installation slots for installing battery packs, each installation slot being used to install at least one battery pack, the slave battery management system of the battery pack comprising a first control unit and a first pull-up module, the first end of the first pull-up module being connected to the first control unit, and the second end of the first pull-up module being connected to a power supply; when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first end of the first voltage dividing module connected to the first installation slot is respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system and the first control unit in the first slave battery management system, the first slave battery management system is the slave battery management system of the first battery pack, and the first installation slots for installing battery packs
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • the main battery management system further includes a second control unit and N second pull-up modules, the first end of the second pull-up module is connected to the installation slot, different second pull-up modules are connected to different installation slots, the first end of the second pull-up module is also connected to the second control unit, and the second end of the second pull-up module is connected to the power supply;
  • the battery management system also includes a second voltage divider module; when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first end of the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot is connected to the first end of the second voltage divider module in the first slave battery management system, and the first end of the second voltage divider module in the first slave battery management system is also connected to the second control unit.
  • the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, and therefore it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.
  • the first control unit is connected to the second control unit; the second control unit is used to collect a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and send the third voltage to the first control unit; the first control unit is used to collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, and determine whether the battery replacement system has a fault based on the first voltage and the third voltage.
  • the present application provides an encoding method, which is applied to a battery exchange system as shown in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, the method comprising: collecting, by a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage divider module connected to a first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system; encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage by the first control unit.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage includes: determining a first preset range in which the first voltage is located; and using a first preset value corresponding to the first preset range as a coding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • the preset range of the first voltage collected by the first control unit is different. Therefore, based on the first preset range of the first voltage, the installation slot in which the first battery pack is installed can be accurately determined, thereby accurately providing the coding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • the method further includes: collecting, by a second control unit, a second voltage between the installation slot and the second pull-up module; and determining, by the second control unit, whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage.
  • the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, and therefore it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.
  • the above-mentioned determining whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage includes: determining that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a second preset range; and determining that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a second preset range.
  • the third preset range it is determined that the installation slot has no battery pack installed, and the lower limit of the third preset range is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.
  • the second pull-up resistor when a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor, so that the second voltage is in a smaller second preset range; when a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the second voltage is in a larger third preset range. Therefore, by judging whether the second voltage is in the second preset range or the third preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, thereby improving the reliability of the battery replacement system.
  • the method also includes: collecting a third voltage between a second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot through a second control unit, and sending the third voltage to the first control unit; determining whether a fault occurs in the battery replacement system based on the first voltage and the third voltage through the first control unit.
  • determining whether a battery swap system fails based on the first voltage and the third voltage includes: determining that a battery swap system fails when the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.
  • the method further includes: determining by the first control unit that a short circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is not greater than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold and the third voltage is within the second preset range; determining by the first control unit that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is within the fifth preset range and the third voltage is within the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.
  • the fault type of the battery swapping system can be accurately determined.
  • the present application provides an encoding device, which is applied to the battery exchange system as shown in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, and the device includes: a first acquisition module, which is used to collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system through the first control unit; an encoding module, which is used to encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage through the first control unit.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor executes the computer program instructions, the encoding method shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect is implemented.
  • the present application provides a computer storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the encoding method shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the instructions in the computer program product are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device executes the encoding method shown in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
  • FIG1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a third structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a seventh structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is an eighth structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a ninth structural diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a tenth structural schematic diagram of a battery replacement system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a structural schematic diagram of a power exchange system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic flow chart of an encoding method provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an encoding device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • the battery swap mode can effectively solve the pain point of long battery charging time, first of all, the current structure of the back-mounted battery swap pack forces the vehicle to sacrifice a certain amount of loading space; secondly, the battery swap pack is installed behind the front of the vehicle, which poses certain safety hazards in uphill and downhill and bad road conditions; thirdly, the battery swap pack has a fixed power, and it is impossible to install a battery pack of the corresponding power according to the user's different mileage requirements. If the expansion of power cabinets with multiple power levels brings great challenges to the deployment and operation of station control. In order to meet the above application scenario requirements, the battery swap pack is modularized and standardized, and the battery system architecture also needs to be innovated from the previous two-level architecture to a three-level architecture.
  • the communication topology of the entire system also needs to be innovated.
  • the SBMU needs to be used as the communication node of the MBMU, and the SBMU needs to be encoded to bind the corresponding message address to realize the interaction between the SBMU and the MBMU.
  • the MBMU encoding function can receive encoding requests from a personal computer (PC) to implement encoding of all SBMUs, that is, when the PC sends an encoding request message to the MBMU, the MBMU is enabled to lower the encoding hard-line voltage of the SBMU, and at the same time, an encoding request message is sent to the SBMU.
  • PC personal computer
  • the SBMU receives the MBMU encoding address as valid, updates and stores the encoding address, and returns encoding success to the MBMU after successful storage; then the first SBMU is enabled to lower the second SBMU encoding hard-line voltage, and similarly, the MBMU sends the encoding address to the second SBMU to complete the encoding, thereby completing the encoding of multiple SBMUs in sequence.
  • the related art only supports encoding the SBMU in the order of the installation slots. If the battery pack is not installed in the order of the installation slots, the SBMU code cannot be matched with the installation slot number, resulting in encoding errors.
  • the related technology requires PC triggering for encoding; in addition, the related technology requires message interaction, and if there is a communication anomaly, encoding cannot be successful.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery replacement system and an encoding method, which may include a main battery management system and N installation slots.
  • the main battery management system includes N first voltage-dividing modules with different voltage-dividing capabilities, the first end of the first voltage-dividing module is connected to the installation slot, different first voltage-dividing modules are connected to different installation slots, and N is a positive integer greater than 1; the N installation slots are used to install battery packs, and each installation slot is used to install at least one battery pack.
  • the slave battery management system of the battery pack includes a first control unit and a first pull-up module.
  • the first end of the first pull-up module is connected to the first control unit, and the second end of the first pull-up module is connected to the power supply; when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the first end of the first voltage-dividing module connected to the first installation slot is respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system and the first control unit in the first slave battery management system.
  • the first slave battery management system is the slave battery management system of the first battery pack, and the first installation slot is any one of the N installation slots.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • the SBMU can be accurately encoded; moreover, in some embodiments of the present application, the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first SBMU can be periodically collected by the first control unit, and the first SBMU can be encoded based on the first voltage by the first control unit without PC triggering; in addition, message interaction is not required in the embodiments of the present application, so encoding failure will not be caused by communication abnormalities.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery replacement system provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery replacement system 100 may include: a main battery management system 110 and N installation slots 120 .
  • the main battery management system 110 may include N first voltage divider modules 111 with different voltage divider capabilities, the first end of the first voltage divider module 111 may be connected to the installation slot 120, and the installation slots 120 connected to different first voltage divider modules 111 may be different. The second end of the first voltage divider module 111 may be grounded.
  • the N installation slots 120 can all be used to install battery packs, and each installation slot 120 can be used to install at least one battery pack.
  • the battery management system 130 of the battery pack may include a first control unit 131 and a first pull-up module 132 , wherein a first end of the first pull-up module 132 may be connected to the first control unit 131 , and a second end of the first pull-up module 132 may be connected to a power source.
  • the first end of the first voltage divider module 111 connected to the first installation slot 121 can be respectively connected to the first end of the first pull-up module 132 in the first slave battery management system 133 and the first control unit 131 in the first slave battery management system 133
  • the first slave battery management system 133 can be the slave battery management system of the first battery pack
  • the first installation slot 121 can be any one of the N installation slots.
  • the N first voltage-dividing modules with different voltage-dividing capabilities may be N voltage-dividing resistors with different resistance values.
  • the first control unit may be a microcontroller unit (MCU).
  • the first pull-up module may be a pull-up resistor.
  • the power source connected to the second end of the first pull-up module may be a pull-up power source with a voltage of 5V.
  • the first end of the first pull-up module can be a first analog interface
  • the first control unit can be used to periodically collect the voltage at the first analog interface.
  • the first control unit can collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system, and can encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage.
  • the first control unit may be specifically configured to determine a first preset range in which the first voltage is located, and use a first preset value corresponding to the first preset range as a coding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • N different preset ranges can be pre-set, and the preset ranges can correspond to the installation slots one by one.
  • Different coding values can also be pre-set for different installation slots, and the installation slots correspond to the coding values one by one, so the preset ranges can correspond to the coding values one by one.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is installed can be determined, thereby determining the coding value corresponding to the installation slot, and then the coding value can be used as the first coding value of the battery pack from the battery management system.
  • the preset range can be determined according to the resistance value of the first voltage divider module connected to the corresponding installation slot, and specifically, the preset range can be determined according to the resistance value of the first voltage divider module, the resistance value of the first pull-up module, and the voltage of the power supply connected to the second end of the first pull-up module.
  • the first preset value corresponding to the first preset range can be the preset value corresponding to the first installation slot.
  • three first voltage-dividing modules with different voltage-dividing capabilities may be: a first voltage-dividing resistor 410 with a resistance of 0.47 k ⁇ , a second voltage-dividing resistor 420 with a resistance of 1 k ⁇ , and a third voltage-dividing resistor 430 with a resistance of 2.2 k ⁇ .
  • the first pull-up module may be a first pull-up resistor 510 with a resistance of 1 k ⁇
  • the power source connected to the second end of the first pull-up resistor 510 may be a pull-up power source with a voltage of 5 V
  • the first end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to the first MCU 520 of the slave battery management system.
  • the preset range of the first voltage should be (1V, 2V]; if the first installation slot is an installation slot connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor 420, then when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the preset range of the first voltage should be (2V, 3V]; if the first installation slot is an installation slot connected to the third voltage-dividing resistor 430, then when the first battery pack is installed in the first installation slot, the preset range of the first voltage should be (3V, 4V].
  • the code value "1" corresponding to the installation slot connected to the first voltage-dividing resistor 410 can be used as the first code value of the slave battery management system of the first battery pack;
  • the code value "2" corresponding to the installation slot connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor 420 can be used as the first code value of the slave battery management system of the first battery pack;
  • the first preset range of the first voltage is (3V, 4V]
  • the preset range of the first voltage should be (4V, 5V]. Therefore, the coding value corresponding to (4V, 5V) can also be pre-set to "4".
  • the coding value "4" can be used to represent that the battery pack is not installed in the installation slot. Therefore, when it is determined that the first preset range of the first voltage is (4V, 5V), the coding value "4" can be used as the coding value of the first slave battery management system of the first battery pack.
  • the preset range of the first voltage collected by the first control unit is different. Therefore, based on the first preset range of the first voltage, the installation slot in which the first battery pack is installed can be accurately determined, thereby accurately providing the coding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • Accurately encoding the slave battery management system can facilitate rapid location of faulty battery packs and troubleshooting.
  • the main battery management system 110 may also include a second control unit 112 and N second pull-up modules 113.
  • the first end of the second pull-up module 113 can be connected to the installation slot 120.
  • the installation slots 120 to which different second pull-up modules 113 are connected may be different.
  • the first end of the second pull-up module 113 can also be connected to the second control unit 112, and the second end of the second pull-up module 113 can be connected to a power supply.
  • the slave battery management system 130 may further include a second voltage dividing module 134.
  • a second terminal of the second voltage dividing module 134 may be grounded.
  • the first end of the second pull-up module 113 connected to the first installation slot 121 can be connected to the first end of the second voltage divider module 134 in the first slave battery management system 133, and the first end of the second voltage divider module 134 in the first slave battery management system 133 can also be connected to the second control unit 112.
  • the N second pull-up modules may be pull-up resistors
  • the second control unit may be an MCU
  • the second voltage dividing module may be a voltage dividing resistor
  • the power source connected to the second end of the second pull-up module may be a pull-up power source with a voltage of 5V.
  • the first end of the second pull-up module may be a second analog interface, that is, the second analog interface may be located on a connection line between the installation slot and the second pull-up module, and the second control unit may be used to periodically collect a second voltage at the second analog interface, and may determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage. The number of installed battery packs may also be further determined.
  • the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot, and the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, the second voltage between the mounting slot and the second pull-up module is different when a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot and when a battery pack is not installed in the mounting slot, and therefore it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the mounting slot based on the second voltage.
  • the second control unit can be specifically used to determine that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a second preset range; when the second voltage is within a third preset range, Make sure that there is no battery pack installed in the installation slot.
  • the lower limit of the third preset range may be greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.
  • the second pull-up module is not connected to the second voltage divider module, so the second voltage collected by the second control unit is higher; when there is a battery pack installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up module is connected to the second voltage divider module, so the second voltage collected by the second control unit is lower. Therefore, when the second voltage is lower, it can be determined that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot; when the second voltage is higher, it can be determined that there is no battery pack installed in the installation slot.
  • a second preset range and a third preset range can be preset, the second preset range can be determined according to the resistance of the second voltage divider module, the resistance of the second pull-up module and the voltage of the power supply connected to the second end of the second pull-up module, and the third preset range can be determined according to the resistance of the second pull-up module and the voltage of the power supply connected to the second end of the second pull-up module.
  • the three second pull-up modules can be a second pull-up resistor 910, a third pull-up resistor 920, and a fourth pull-up resistor 930, and the resistance value can be 1 k ⁇ .
  • the first ends of the second pull-up resistor 910, the third pull-up resistor 920, and the fourth pull-up resistor 930 are all connected to the second MCU 940 of the main battery management system, and the power supply connected to the second ends of the second pull-up resistor 910, the third pull-up resistor 920, and the fourth pull-up resistor 930 can be a pull-up power supply with a voltage of 5V.
  • the second voltage divider module can be a fourth voltage divider resistor 950 with a resistance value of 1 k ⁇ . Based on this, the second preset range is [2V, 3V], and the third preset range is [4V, 5V].
  • the second voltage is between [2V, 3V]
  • the second voltage is between [4V, 5V]
  • the second pull-up resistor when a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor, so that the second voltage is in a smaller second preset range; when a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the second voltage is in a larger third preset range. Therefore, by judging whether the second voltage is in the second preset range or the third preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, thereby improving the reliability of the battery replacement system.
  • the first control unit 131 may be connected to the second control unit 112 .
  • the second control unit 112 may be used to collect a third voltage between the second pull-up module 113 connected to the first installation slot 121 and the first installation slot 121, and send the third voltage to the first control unit 131;
  • the first control unit 131 can be used to collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module 111 connected to the first installation slot 121 and the first pull-up module 132 in the first slave battery management system 133, and determine whether the battery replacement system fails based on the first voltage and the third voltage.
  • the first control unit can be used to periodically collect the voltage at the first analog interface.
  • the first control unit can collect the first voltage between the first voltage divider module connected to the first installation slot and the first pull-up module in the first slave battery management system.
  • the second control unit can be used to periodically collect the third voltage at the second analog interface corresponding to the first installation slot.
  • the first control unit and the second control unit may be connected via a CAN line.
  • the first voltage between the two can accurately determine whether the battery swap system has a fault.
  • the first control unit can be specifically used to determine that a fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.
  • the fault may be a short circuit fault or an open circuit fault.
  • the first control unit can also be used to determine that the power exchange system does not have a short circuit fault or an open circuit fault when the first voltage and the third voltage do not meet a preset condition.
  • the preset condition can be that the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.
  • the fourth preset range may be (- ⁇ , 1V], (4V, 5V] or (5V, + ⁇ ).
  • the second preset range may be [2V, 3V].
  • the first control unit may also be used to:
  • the lower limit of the fifth preset range may be greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range may not be greater than the second threshold.
  • the first threshold value may be 1V
  • the second threshold value may be 5V
  • the fifth preset range may be (4V, 5V].
  • the second preset range may be [2V, 3V].
  • the first control unit may report a short-circuit fault in the battery swapping system; when the first voltage is between (4V, 5V] and the third voltage is between [2V, 3V], the first control unit may report an open-circuit fault in the battery swapping system.
  • the fault type of the battery swapping system can be accurately determined.
  • FIG12 is a flow chart of an encoding method provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the encoding method may be applied to a battery swapping system provided in any of the above embodiments, and the encoding method may include S1210-S1220:
  • S1210 collecting, by a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage dividing module connected to a first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system;
  • S1220 Encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage by the first control unit.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • encoding the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage may include:
  • the first preset value corresponding to the first preset range is used as the encoding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • the preset range of the first voltage collected by the first control unit is different. Therefore, based on the first preset range of the first voltage, the installation slot in which the first battery pack is installed can be accurately determined, thereby accurately providing the coding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • the method may further include:
  • the second control unit determines whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage.
  • determining whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage may include:
  • the second voltage is within the third preset range, it is determined that the battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, and the lower limit of the third preset range is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.
  • the second pull-up resistor when a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor can be connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor, so that the second voltage is in a smaller second preset range; when a battery pack is not installed in the installation slot, the second pull-up resistor is not connected to the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the second voltage is in a larger third preset range. Therefore, by judging whether the second voltage is in the second preset range or the third preset range, it is possible to accurately determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot, thereby improving the reliability of the battery replacement system.
  • the method may further include:
  • the third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot is collected by the second control unit, and the third voltage is sent to the first control unit;
  • the first control unit determines whether a fault occurs in the power exchange system based on the first voltage and the third voltage.
  • determining whether a fault occurs in the power exchange system based on the first voltage and the third voltage may include:
  • the method may further include:
  • the first control unit determines that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is in the fifth preset range and the third voltage is in the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.
  • the fault type of the battery swapping system can be accurately determined.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a coding device.
  • the coding device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with FIG.
  • FIG13 shows a schematic structural diagram of a coding device provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • the encoding device may be applied to a battery swapping system as provided in any of the above embodiments, and the encoding device may include:
  • a first acquisition module 1301, configured to acquire, through a first control unit, a first voltage between a first voltage dividing module connected to a first installation slot and a first pull-up module in a first slave battery management system;
  • the encoding module 1302 is configured to encode the first slave battery management system based on the first voltage through the first control unit.
  • the installation slot where the battery pack is located can be determined based on the first voltage, thereby encoding the first slave battery management system.
  • the encoding module 1302 may include:
  • a first determining submodule used to determine a first preset range in which the first voltage is located
  • the processing submodule is used to use the first preset value corresponding to the first preset range as the coding value of the first slave battery management system.
  • the encoding device may further include:
  • a second acquisition module used for acquiring a second voltage between the installation slot and the second pull-up module through a second control unit
  • the first determination module is used to determine whether a battery pack is installed in the installation slot based on the second voltage through the second control unit.
  • the first determining module may include:
  • a second determination submodule configured to determine that a battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a second preset range
  • the third determination submodule is used to determine that no battery pack is installed in the installation slot when the second voltage is within a third preset range, and the lower limit of the third preset range is greater than the upper limit of the second preset range.
  • the encoding device may further include:
  • a processing module configured to collect, through the second control unit, a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot, and send the third voltage to the first control unit;
  • the second determination module is used to determine whether the battery replacement system is No malfunction occurred.
  • the second determining module may include:
  • the fourth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the battery swap system when the first voltage is within a fourth preset range and the third voltage is within a second preset range.
  • the encoding device may further include:
  • a third determination module is used to determine that a short-circuit power failure occurs in the power exchange system through the first control unit when the first voltage is not greater than the first threshold or greater than the second threshold and the third voltage is within a second preset range after collecting a third voltage between the second pull-up module connected to the first installation slot and the first installation slot through the second control unit and sending the third voltage to the first control unit;
  • the fourth determination module is used to determine, through the first control unit, that an open circuit fault occurs in the battery exchange system when the first voltage is within the fifth preset range and the third voltage is within the second preset range, the lower limit of the fifth preset range is greater than the first threshold, and the upper limit of the fifth preset range is not greater than the second threshold.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 14 is a block diagram of an exemplary hardware architecture of an electronic device that can implement the encoding method and encoding device in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electronic device may refer to the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electronic device 14 may include a processor 1401 and a memory 1402 storing computer program instructions.
  • the above-mentioned processor 1401 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the memory 1402 may include a large capacity memory for data or instructions.
  • the memory 1402 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these.
  • the memory 1402 may include a removable or non-removable (or fixed) medium.
  • the memory 1402 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device.
  • the memory 1402 is a non-volatile solid-state memory.
  • the memory 1402 may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical, or other physical/tangible memory storage device.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • disk storage medium device e.g., an optical storage medium
  • flash memory device e.g., an electrical, optical, or other physical/tangible memory storage device.
  • memory 1402 includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to a method according to an aspect of the present application.
  • the processor 1401 implements any one of the encoding methods in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 1402 .
  • the electronic device may further include a communication interface 1403 and a bus 1404. As shown in FIG14, the processor 1401, the memory 1402, and the communication interface 1403 are connected via the bus 1404 and communicate with each other.
  • the communication interface 1403 is mainly used to implement communication between various modules, devices, units and/or equipment in the embodiments of the present application.
  • Bus 1404 includes hardware, software or both, and the parts of electronic equipment are coupled to each other.
  • bus may include accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics bus, enhanced industrial standard architecture (EISA) bus, front side bus (FSB), hypertransport (HT) interconnection, industrial standard architecture (ISA) bus, infinite bandwidth interconnection, low pin count (LPC) bus, memory bus, micro channel architecture (MCA) bus, peripheral component interconnection (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, video electronics standard association local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus or two or more of these combinations.
  • AGP accelerated graphics port
  • EISA enhanced industrial standard architecture
  • FAB front side bus
  • HT hypertransport
  • ISA industrial standard architecture
  • LPC low pin count
  • MCA micro channel architecture
  • PCI peripheral component interconnection
  • PCI-X PCI-Express
  • SATA serial advanced technology attachment
  • VLB video electronics standard association local
  • bus 1404 may include one or more buses.
  • the electronic device can execute the encoding method in the embodiment of the present application, thereby realizing the encoding method and device described in combination with Figures 12 to 13.
  • the embodiment of the present application can provide a computer storage medium for implementation.
  • the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any one of the encoding methods in the above embodiment is implemented.
  • the functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks.
  • the program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave.
  • "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information.
  • machine-readable media examples include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc.
  • the code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.
  • Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field programmable logic circuit. It can also be understood that each box in the block diagram and/or flowchart and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and/or flowchart can also be implemented by special-purpose hardware that performs the specified function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions.

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Abstract

一种换电系统(100)及编码方法，换电系统(100)包括：主电池管理系统(110)，主电池管理系统(110)包括N个分压能力不同的第一分压模块(111)，第一分压模块(111)的第一端与安装槽位(120)连接，不同第一分压模块(111)连接的安装槽位(120)不同；N个安装槽位(120)，用于安装电池包，每个安装槽位(120)用于安装至少一个电池包，电池包的从电池管理系统(130)包括第一控制单元(131)和第一上拉模块(132)，第一上拉模块(132)的第一端与第一控制单元(131)连接，第一上拉模块(132)的第二端与电源连接；在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位(121)的情况下，与第一安装槽位(121)连接的第一分压模块(111)的第一端分别与第一从电池管理系统(133)中的第一上拉模块(132)的第一端和第一从电池管理系统(133)中的第一控制单元(131)连接。这样，可以实现为从电池管理系统(130)编码。

Description

换电系统及编码方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2023年11月29日提交的名称为“换电系统及编码方法”的中国专利申请202311627937.7的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及编码技术领域，特别是涉及一种换电系统及编码方法。
背景技术
目前的电池系统架构中，将从电池管理系统(Slave Battery Management System，SBMU)作为主电池管理系统(Master Battery Management System，MBMU)的通信节点，为了在接收到SBMU的报文时，能够准确确定报文是由哪个SBMU发送的，需要对SBMU进行编码。
因此，需要一种对SBMU进行编码的方案。
发明内容
本申请提供一种换电系统及编码方法，其能实现为从电池管理系统编码。
第一方面，本申请提供一种换电系统，包括：主电池管理系统，主电池管理系统包括N个分压能力不同的第一分压模块，第一分压模块的第一端与安装槽位连接，不同第一分压模块连接的安装槽位不同，N为大于1的正整数；N个安装槽位，用于安装电池包，每个安装槽位用于安装至少一个电池包，电池包的从电池管理系统包括第一控制单元和第一上拉模块，第一上拉模块的第一端与第一控制单元连接，第一上拉模块的第二端与电源连接；在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的第一端分别与第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块的第一端和第一从电池管理系统中的第一控制单元连接，第一从电池管理系统是第一电池包的从电池管理系统，第一安装槽位为N个安装槽位中的任一个。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
在一些实施例中，主电池管理系统还包括第二控制单元和N个第二上拉模块，第二上拉模块的第一端与安装槽位连接，不同第二上拉模块连接的安装槽位不同，第二上拉模块的第一端还与第二控制单元连接，第二上拉模块的第二端与电源连接；从电 池管理系统还包括第二分压模块；在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块的第一端与第一从电池管理系统中的第二分压模块的第一端连接，第一从电池管理系统中的第二分压模块的第一端还与第二控制单元连接。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，因此在安装槽位安装有电池包时和安装槽位未安装电池包时，安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间第二电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第二电压准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
在一些实施例中，第一控制单元与第二控制单元连接；第二控制单元用于采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元；第一控制单元用于采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，并基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是否出现故障。
如此，基于与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，以及与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，可以准确确定换电系统是否出现故障。
第二方面，本申请提供一种编码方法，应用于如第一方面的任一项实施例中所示的换电系统，该方法包括：通过第一控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压；通过第一控制单元基于第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
在一些实施例中，上述基于第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码，包括：确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围；将第一预设范围对应的第一预设值作为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
如此，由于与不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此，当第一电池包安装至不同安装槽位时，第一控制单元采集到的第一电压所处的预设范围不同，因此根据第一电压所处的第一预设范围，可以准确确定第一电池包所安装的安装槽位，从而准确地为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
在一些实施例中，该方法还包括：通过第二控制单元采集安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间的第二电压；通过第二控制单元基于第二电压确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，因此在安装槽位安装有电池包时和安装槽位未安装电池包时，安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间第二电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第二电压准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
在一些实施例中，上述基于第二电压确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包，包括：在第二电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位安装有电池包；在第二电压处于 第三预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位没有安装电池包，第三预设范围的下限大于第二预设范围的上限。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，使第二电压处于较小的第二预设范围；当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，第二电压处于较大的第三预设范围，因此通过判断第二电压处于第二预设范围还是第三预设范围可以准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包，从而提高换电系统的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，方法还包括：通过第二控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元；通过第一控制单元基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是否出现故障。
如此，基于与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，以及与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，可以准确确定换电系统是否出现故障。
在一些实施例中，上述基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是否出现故障，包括：在第一电压处于第四预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现故障。
如此，通过判断第一电压是否处于第四预设范围，第三电压是否处于第二预设范围，可以准确判断换电系统是否出现故障。
在一些实施例中，在上述通过第二控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元之后，该方法还包括：通过第一控制单元在第一电压不大于第一阈值或大于第二阈值，且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现短地短电源故障；通过第一控制单元在第一电压处于第五预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现开路故障，第五预设范围的下限大于第一阈值，第五预设范围的上限不大于第二阈值。
如此，通过分别判断第一电压和第三电压所处的范围，可以准确判断换电系统的故障类型。
第三方面，本申请提供一种编码装置，应用于如第一方面的任一项实施例中所示的换电系统，该装置包括：第一采集模块，用于通过第一控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压；编码模块，用于通过第一控制单元基于第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
第四方面，本申请提供一种电子设备，所述设备包括：处理器以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器；所述处理器执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如第二方面的任一项实施例中所示的编码方法。
第五方面，本申请提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现第二方面的任一项实施例中所示的编码方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品中的指令由电子设备的处理器执行时，使得电子设备执行第二方面的任一项实施例中所示的编码方法。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之一；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之二；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之三；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之四；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之五；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之六；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之七；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之八；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之九；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之十；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的一种换电系统的结构示意图之十一；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的一种编码方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请一些实施例提供的一种编码装置的结构示意图；
图14为本申请一些实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象， 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
如背景技术，随着新能源车辆的发展，对新能源车辆提出了更高的要求，比如续航里程要长，充电要快等要求，但由于电池技术壁垒未出现有效的突破，为了顺应市场的需求，换电模式应运而生。
换电模式虽然可以有效解决电池充电时间长的痛点，但首先，当前后背式换电电池包的结构迫使车辆需要牺牲一定的装载空间；其次，换电电池包安装于车头后面，在上下坡及坏路工况下存在一定的安全隐患；再次，该换电电池包为固定电量，无法按用户的不同里程需求，安装相应电量的电池包，若拓展多种电量的电柜，则会为站控的调配运营带来极大的挑战。为了满足以上的应用场景需求，换电电池包做成了模块化和标准化，同时电池系统架构也需要革新，由之前的两级架构变为三级架构，整个系统的通信拓扑也需要创新，需要将SBMU作为MBMU的通信节点，对SBMU进行编码来绑定对应的报文地址，实现SBMU和MBMU的交互。
相关技术中，MBMU编码功能可以接收个人计算机(personal computer，PC)编码请求，实现对所有SBMU的编码，即当PC发送编码请求报文至MBMU，使能MBMU将SBMU的编码硬线电压拉低，同时发送编码请求报文至SBMU，SBMU接收MBMU的编码地址有效，将编码地址进行更新并存储，存储成功后返回编码成功给MBMU；再使能第一个SBMU将第二个SBMU编码硬线电压拉低，同理MBMU发送编码地址至第二个SBMU完成编码，从而可以依次完成多个SBMU的编码。
但是，相关技术中仅支持按安装槽位的顺序对SBMU进行编码，若未按安装槽位的顺序安装电池包，则无法将SBMU的编码与安装槽位编号对应，从而会出现编码错误； 而且，相关技术中需要PC触发才能进行编码；此外，相关技术中需要进行报文交互，若存在通信异常，无法编码成功。
针对上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种换电系统及编码方法，该换电系统可以包括主电池管理系统和N个安装槽位。其中，主电池管理系统包括N个分压能力不同的第一分压模块，第一分压模块的第一端与安装槽位连接，不同第一分压模块连接的安装槽位不同，N为大于1的正整数；N个安装槽位用于安装电池包，每个安装槽位用于安装至少一个电池包，电池包的从电池管理系统包括第一控制单元和第一上拉模块，第一上拉模块的第一端与第一控制单元连接，第一上拉模块的第二端与电源连接；在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的第一端分别与第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块的第一端和第一从电池管理系统中的第一控制单元连接，第一从电池管理系统是第一电池包的从电池管理系统，第一安装槽位为N个安装槽位中的任一个。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
这样，即使不按安装槽位的顺序安装电池包，也可以准确为SBMU编码；而且，在本申请的一些实施例中，可以通过第一控制单元周期性地采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一SBMU中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，并通过第一控制单元基于第一电压为第一SBMU编码，而无需PC触发；此外，本申请实施例中无需进行报文交互，因此不会因通信异常导致编码失败。
下面对本申请实施例提供的换电系统及编码方法进行详细介绍。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的换电系统的结构示意图。
如图1所示，该换电系统100可以包括：主电池管理系统110和N个安装槽位120。
需要说明的是，N可以为大于1的正整数，本申请实施例中以N＝3为例进行介绍。
其中，主电池管理系统110可以包括N个分压能力不同的第一分压模块111，第一分压模块111的第一端可以与安装槽位120连接，不同第一分压模块111连接的安装槽位120可以不同。第一分压模块111的第二端可以接地。
N个安装槽位120均可以用于安装电池包，每个安装槽位120可以用于安装至少一个电池包。
如图2所示，电池包的从电池管理系统130可以包括第一控制单元131和第一上拉模块132，第一上拉模块132的第一端可以与第一控制单元131连接，第一上拉模块132的第二端可以与电源连接。
如图3所示，在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位121的情况下，与第一安装槽位121连接的第一分压模块111的第一端可以分别与第一从电池管理系统133中的第一上拉模块132的第一端和第一从电池管理系统133中的第一控制单元131连接，第一从电池管理系统133可以是第一电池包的从电池管理系统，第一安装槽位121可以为N个安装槽位中的任一个。
这里，N个分压能力不同的第一分压模块可以为N个阻值不同的分压电阻。第一控制单元可以为微控制单元(Microcontroller Unit，MCU)。第一上拉模块可以为上拉电阻。
示例性地，与第一上拉模块的第二端连接的电源可以为5V电压的上拉电源。
具体地，第一上拉模块的第一端可以为第一模拟量接口，第一控制单元可以用于周期性地采集第一模拟量接口处的电压。这样，在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，第一控制单元可以采集到与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，并且可以基于该第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一控制单元具体可以用于确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围，并将第一预设范围对应的第一预设值作为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
这里，可以预先设置N个不同的预设范围，预设范围可以与安装槽位一一对应。还可以预先为不同安装槽位设置不同的编码值，安装槽位与编码值一一对应，因此，预设范围可以与编码值一一对应。基于第一电压所处的预设范围可以确定电池包所安装的安装槽位，从而确定该安装槽位对应的编码值，然后便可以将该编码值作为该电池包的第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
预设范围可以根据与其对应的安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的阻值确定，具体地，预设范围可以根据第一分压模块的阻值、第一上拉模块的阻值和与第一上拉模块的第二端连接的电源的电压确定。第一预设范围对应的第一预设值可以为第一安装槽位对应的预设值。
示例性地，如图4所示，3个分压能力不同的第一分压模块可以为：阻值为0.47kΩ的第一分压电阻410、阻值为1kΩ的第二分压电阻420和阻值为2.2kΩ的第三分压电阻430。如图5所示，第一上拉模块可以为阻值为1kΩ的第一上拉电阻510，与第一上拉电阻510的第二端连接的电源可以为5V电压的上拉电源，第一上拉电阻的第一端与从电池管理系统的第一MCU 520连接。若第一安装槽位为与第一分压电阻410连接的安装槽位，则在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，第一电压所处的预设范围应为(1V，2V]；若第一安装槽位为与第二分压电阻420连接的安装槽位，则在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，第一电压所处的预设范围应为(2V，3V]；若第一安装槽位为与第三分压电阻430连接的安装槽位，则在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，第一电压所处的预设范围应为(3V，4V]。
因此，当确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围为(1V，2V]时，可以确定电池包安装在与第一分压电阻410连接的安装槽位中，因此可以将与第一分压电阻410连接的安装槽位对应的编码值“1”作为第一电池包的第一从电池管理系统的编码值；当确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围为(2V，3V]时，可以确定电池包安装在与第二分压电阻420连接的安装槽位中，因此可以将与第二分压电阻420连接的安装槽位对应的编码值“2”作为第一电池包的第一从电池管理系统的编码值；当确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围为(3V，4V]时，可以确定电池包安装在与第三分压电阻430连接的安装槽位中，因此可以将与第三分压电阻430连接的安装槽位对应的编码值“3”作为第一电池包的第 一从电池管理系统的编码值。
此外，由于第一电池包未安装于安装槽位时，第一上拉电阻510未与任何分压电阻连接，因此第一电压所处的预设范围应为(4V，5V]，因此还可以预先设置(4V，5V]对应的编码值为“4”，编码值为“4”可以用于表征电池包未安装于安装槽位中，因此当确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围为(4V，5V]时，可以将编码值“4”作为第一电池包的第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
如此，由于与不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此，当第一电池包安装至不同安装槽位时，第一控制单元采集到的第一电压所处的预设范围不同，因此根据第一电压所处的第一预设范围，可以准确确定第一电池包所安装的安装槽位，从而准确地为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
准确地为从电池管理系统编码可以便于快速定位故障电池包以及处理故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，主电池管理系统110还可以包括第二控制单元112和N个第二上拉模块113，第二上拉模块113的第一端可以与安装槽位120连接，不同第二上拉模块113连接的安装槽位120可以不同，第二上拉模块113的第一端还可以与第二控制单元112连接，第二上拉模块113的第二端可以与电源连接。
如图7所示，从电池管理系统130还可以包括第二分压模块134。第二分压模块134的第二端可以接地。
如图8所示，在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位121的情况下，与第一安装槽位121连接的第二上拉模块113的第一端可以与第一从电池管理系统133中的第二分压模块134的第一端连接，第一从电池管理系统133中的第二分压模块134的第一端还可以与第二控制单元112连接。
这里，N个第二上拉模块可以为上拉电阻。第二控制单元可以为MCU。第二分压模块可以为分压电阻。
示例性地，与第二上拉模块的第二端连接的电源可以为5V电压的上拉电源。
具体地，第二上拉模块的第一端可以为第二模拟量接口，也即第二模拟量接口可以位于安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间的连接线上，第二控制单元可以用于周期性地采集第二模拟量接口处的第二电压，并且可以基于该第二电压确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。还可以进一步确定已安装电池包的数量。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，因此在安装槽位安装有电池包时和安装槽位未安装电池包时，安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间第二电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第二电压准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二控制单元具体可以用于在第二电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位安装有电池包；在第二电压处于第三预设范围的情况下， 确定安装槽位没有安装电池包。
其中，第三预设范围的下限可以大于第二预设范围的上限。
这里，针对任一安装槽位，在安装槽位中没有安装电池包的情况下，第二上拉模块未与第二分压模块连接，因此第二控制单元采集到的第二电压较高；在安装槽位中安装有电池包的情况下，第二上拉模块与第二分压模块连接，因此第二控制单元采集到的第二电压较低。因此，可以在第二电压较低的情况下，确定安装槽位安装有电池包；在第二电压较高的情况下，确定安装槽位没有安装电池包。
具体地，可以预先设置第二预设范围和第三预设范围，第二预设范围可以根据第二分压模块的阻值、第二上拉模块的阻值和与第二上拉模块的第二端连接的电源的电压确定，第三预设范围可以根据第二上拉模块的阻值和与第二上拉模块的第二端连接的电源的电压确定。
示例性地，如图9所示，3个第二上拉模块可以为第二上拉电阻910、第三上拉电阻920和第四上拉电阻930，阻值均可以为1kΩ，第二上拉电阻910、第三上拉电阻920和第四上拉电阻930的第一端均与主电池管理系统的第二MCU 940连接，与第二上拉电阻910、第三上拉电阻920和第四上拉电阻930的第二端连接的电源均可以为5V电压的上拉电源。如图10所示，第二分压模块可以为阻值为1kΩ的第四分压电阻950。基于此，第二预设范围为[2V，3V]，第三预设范围为[4V，5V]。
针对任一安装槽位，若第二电压处于[2V，3V]，则可以确定该安装槽位安装有电池包；若第二电压处于[4V，5V]，则可以确定该安装槽位未安装电池包。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，使第二电压处于较小的第二预设范围；当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，第二电压处于较大的第三预设范围，因此通过判断第二电压处于第二预设范围还是第三预设范围可以准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包，从而提高换电系统的可靠性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图11所示，第一控制单元131可以与第二控制单元112连接。
第二控制单元112可以用于采集与第一安装槽位121连接的第二上拉模块113和第一安装槽位121之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元131；
第一控制单元131可以用于采集与第一安装槽位121连接的第一分压模块111和第一从电池管理系统133中的第一上拉模块132之间的第一电压，并基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是否出现故障。
这里，第一控制单元可以用于周期性地采集第一模拟量接口处的电压。这样，在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，第一控制单元可以采集到与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压。第二控制单元可以用于周期性地采集第一安装槽位对应的第二模拟量接口处的第三电压。
示例性地，第一控制单元和第二控制单元可以通过CAN线连接。
如此，基于与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，以及与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之 间的第一电压，可以准确确定换电系统是否出现故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一控制单元具体可以用于在第一电压处于第四预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现故障。
这里，故障可以为短地短电源故障或开路故障。
第一控制单元还可以用于在第一电压和第三电压不满足预设条件的情况下，确定换电系统未出现短地短电源故障和开路故障。预设条件可以为第一电压处于第四预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围。
示例性地，第四预设范围可以为(-∞，1V]、(4V，5V]或(5V，+∞)。第二预设范围可以为[2V，3V]。
如此，通过判断第一电压是否处于第四预设范围，第三电压是否处于第二预设范围，可以准确判断换电系统是否出现故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一控制单元还可以用于：
在第一电压不大于第一阈值或大于第二阈值，且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现短地短电源故障；
在第一电压处于第五预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现开路故障。
这里，第五预设范围的下限可以大于第一阈值，第五预设范围的上限可以不大于第二阈值。
示例性地，第一阈值可以为1V，第二阈值可以为5V。第五预设范围可以为(4V，5V]。第二预设范围可以为[2V，3V]。在第一电压不大于1V或大于5V，且第三电压处于[2V，3V]的情况下，第一控制单元可以报出换电系统出现短地短电源故障；在第一电压处于(4V，5V]且第三电压处于[2V，3V]的情况下，第一控制单元可以报出换电系统出现开路故障。
如此，通过分别判断第一电压和第三电压所处的范围，可以准确判断换电系统的故障类型。
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的编码方法的流程示意图。
如图12所示，该编码方法可以应用于如上述任一实施例所提供的换电系统，该编码方法可以包括S1210-S1220：
S1210，通过第一控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压；
S1220，通过第一控制单元基于第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上述基于第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码，可以包括：
确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围；
将第一预设范围对应的第一预设值作为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
如此，由于与不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此，当第一电池包安装至不同安装槽位时，第一控制单元采集到的第一电压所处的预设范围不同，因此根据第一电压所处的第一预设范围，可以准确确定第一电池包所安装的安装槽位，从而准确地为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
通过第二控制单元采集安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间的第二电压；
通过第二控制单元基于第二电压确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，因此在安装槽位安装有电池包时和安装槽位未安装电池包时，安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间第二电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第二电压准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上述基于第二电压确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包，可以包括：
在第二电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位安装有电池包；
在第二电压处于第三预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位没有安装电池包，第三预设范围的下限大于第二预设范围的上限。
如此，由于当安装槽位安装有电池包时，第二上拉电阻可以与第二分压电阻连接，使第二电压处于较小的第二预设范围；当安装槽位未安装电池包时，第二上拉电阻未与第二分压电阻连接，第二电压处于较大的第三预设范围，因此通过判断第二电压处于第二预设范围还是第三预设范围可以准确确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包，从而提高换电系统的可靠性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该方法还可以包括：
通过第二控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元；
通过第一控制单元基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是否出现故障。
如此，基于与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，以及与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，可以准确确定换电系统是否出现故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上述基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是否出现故障，可以包括：
在第一电压处于第四预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现故障。
如此，通过判断第一电压是否处于第四预设范围，第三电压是否处于第二预设范围，可以准确判断换电系统是否出现故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，在上述通过第二控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元之后，该方法还可以包括：
通过第一控制单元在第一电压不大于第一阈值或大于第二阈值，且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现短地短电源故障；
通过第一控制单元在第一电压处于第五预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现开路故障，第五预设范围的下限大于第一阈值，第五预设范围的上限不大于第二阈值。
如此，通过分别判断第一电压和第三电压所处的范围，可以准确判断换电系统的故障类型。
编码方法的具体介绍可以参见上述换电系统的各实施例，在此不做赘述。
基于相同的发明构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种编码装置。下面结合图13对本申请实施例提供的编码装置进行详细说明。
图13示出了本申请一个实施例提供的一种编码装置的结构示意图。
如图13所示，该编码装置可以应用于如上述任一实施例所提供的换电系统，该编码装置可以包括：
第一采集模块1301，用于通过第一控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压；
编码模块1302，用于通过第一控制单元基于第一电压为第一从电池管理系统编码。
由此，由于不同安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的分压能力不同，因此当电池包安装到不同安装槽位时，与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理单元中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压是不同的，因此可以基于该第一电压确定电池包所在的安装槽位，从而为第一从电池管理系统编码。
在本申请的一些实施例中，编码模块1302可以包括：
第一确定子模块，用于确定第一电压所处的第一预设范围；
处理子模块，用于将第一预设范围对应的第一预设值作为第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该编码装置还可以包括：
第二采集模块，用于通过第二控制单元采集安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间的第二电压；
第一确定模块，用于通过第二控制单元基于第二电压确定安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一确定模块可以包括：
第二确定子模块，用于在第二电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位安装有电池包；
第三确定子模块，用于在第二电压处于第三预设范围的情况下，确定安装槽位没有安装电池包，第三预设范围的下限大于第二预设范围的上限。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该编码装置还可以包括：
处理模块，用于通过第二控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元；
第二确定模块，用于通过第一控制单元基于第一电压和第三电压确定换电系统是 否出现故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二确定模块可以包括：
第四确定子模块，用于在第一电压处于第四预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现故障。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该编码装置还可以包括：
第三确定模块，用于在通过第二控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将第三电压发送至第一控制单元之后，通过第一控制单元在第一电压不大于第一阈值或大于第二阈值，且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现短地短电源故障；
第四确定模块，用于通过第一控制单元在第一电压处于第五预设范围且第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定换电系统出现开路故障，第五预设范围的下限大于第一阈值，第五预设范围的上限不大于第二阈值。
图14示出了本申请一个实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图。
如图14所示，该电子设备14能够实现根据本申请实施例中的编码方法和编码装置的电子设备的示例性硬件架构的结构图。该电子设备可以指代本申请实施例中的电子设备。
该电子设备14可以包括处理器1401以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器1402。
具体地，上述处理器1401可以包括中央处理器(CPU)，或者特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或者可以被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
存储器1402可以包括用于数据或指令的大容量存储器。举例来说而非限制，存储器1402可包括硬盘驱动器(Hard Disk Drive，HDD)、软盘驱动器、闪存、光盘、磁光盘、磁带或通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，USB)驱动器或者两个或更多个以上这些的组合。在合适的情况下，存储器1402可包括可移除或不可移除(或固定)的介质。在合适的情况下，存储器1402可在综合网关容灾设备的内部或外部。在特定实施例中，存储器1402是非易失性固态存储器。在特定实施例中，存储器1402可包括只读存储器(ROM)，随机存取存储器(RAM)，磁盘存储介质设备，光存储介质设备，闪存设备，电气、光学或其他物理/有形的存储器存储设备。因此，通常，存储器1402包括一个或多个编码有包括计算机可执行指令的软件的有形(非暂态)计算机可读存储介质(例如，存储器设备)，并且当该软件被执行(例如，由一个或多个处理器)时，其可操作来执行参考根据本申请的一方面的方法所描述的操作。
处理器1401通过读取并执行存储器1402中存储的计算机程序指令，以实现上述实施例中的任意一种编码方法。
在一个示例中，该电子设备还可包括通信接口1403和总线1404。其中，如图14所示，处理器1401、存储器1402、通信接口1403通过总线1404连接并完成相互间的通信。
通信接口1403，主要用于实现本申请实施例中各模块、装置、单元和/或设备之间的通信。
总线1404包括硬件、软件或两者，将电子设备的部件彼此耦接在一起。举例来说而非限制，总线可包括加速图形端口(AGP)或其他图形总线、增强工业标准架构(EISA)总线、前端总线(FSB)、超传输(HT)互连、工业标准架构(ISA)总线、无限带宽互连、低引脚数(LPC)总线、存储器总线、微信道架构(MCA)总线、外围组件互连(PCI)总线、PCI-Express(PCI-X)总线、串行高级技术附件(SATA)总线、视频电子标准协会局部(VLB)总线或其他合适的总线或者两个或更多个以上这些的组合。在合适的情况下，总线1404可包括一个或多个总线。尽管本申请实施例描述和示出了特定的总线，但本申请考虑任何合适的总线或互连。
该电子设备可以执行本申请实施例中的编码方法，从而实现结合图12至图13描述的编码方法和装置。
另外，结合上述实施例中的编码方法，本申请实施例可提供一种计算机存储介质来实现。该计算机存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令；该计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述实施例中的任意一种编码方法。
需要明确的是，本申请并不局限于上文所描述并在图中示出的特定配置和处理。为了简明起见，这里省略了对已知方法的详细描述。在上述实施例中，描述和示出了若干具体的步骤作为示例。但是，本申请的方法过程并不限于所描述和示出的具体步骤，本领域的技术人员可以在领会本申请的精神后，作出各种改变、修改和添加，或者改变步骤之间的顺序。
以上所述的结构框图中所示的功能块可以实现为硬件、软件、固件或者它们的组合。当以硬件方式实现时，其可以例如是电子电路、专用集成电路(ASIC)、适当的固件、插件、功能卡等等。当以软件方式实现时，本申请的元素是被用于执行所需任务的程序或者代码段。程序或者代码段可以存储在机器可读介质中，或者通过载波中携带的数据信号在传输介质或者通信链路上传送。“机器可读介质”可以包括能够存储或传输信息的任何介质。机器可读介质的例子包括电子电路、半导体存储器设备、ROM、闪存、可擦除ROM(EROM)、软盘、CD-ROM、光盘、硬盘、光纤介质、射频(RF)链路，等等。代码段可以经由诸如因特网、内联网等的计算机网络被下载。
还需要说明的是，本申请中提及的示例性实施例，基于一系列的步骤或者装置描述一些方法或系统。但是，本申请不局限于上述步骤的顺序，也就是说，可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，也可以不同于实施例中的顺序，或者若干步骤同时执行。
上面参考根据本申请的实施例的方法、装置(系统)和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或框图描述了本申请的各方面。应当理解，流程图和/或框图中的每个方框以及流程图和/或框图中各方框的组合可以由计算机程序指令实现。这些计算机程序指令可被提供给通用计算机、专用计算机、或其它可编程数据处理装置的处理器，以产生一种机器，使得经由计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置的处理器执行的这些指令使能对流程图和/或框图的一个或多个方框中指定的功能/动作的实现。这种处理器可以是但不限于是通用处理器、专用处理器、特殊应用处理器或者现场可编程逻辑电路。还可理解，框图和/或流程图中的每个方框以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，也可以由执行指定的功能或动作的专用硬件来实现，或可由专用硬件和计算机指令的组合来实 现。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种换电系统，包括：
    主电池管理系统，所述主电池管理系统包括N个分压能力不同的第一分压模块，所述第一分压模块的第一端与安装槽位连接，不同所述第一分压模块连接的所述安装槽位不同，N为大于1的正整数；
    N个所述安装槽位，用于安装电池包，每个所述安装槽位用于安装至少一个所述电池包，所述电池包的从电池管理系统包括第一控制单元和第一上拉模块，所述第一上拉模块的第一端与所述第一控制单元连接，所述第一上拉模块的第二端与电源连接；
    在第一电池包安装至第一安装槽位的情况下，与所述第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块的第一端分别与第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块的第一端和所述第一从电池管理系统中的第一控制单元连接，所述第一从电池管理系统是所述第一电池包的从电池管理系统，所述第一安装槽位为N个安装槽位中的任一个。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换电系统，其中，所述主电池管理系统还包括第二控制单元和N个第二上拉模块，所述第二上拉模块的第一端与所述安装槽位连接，不同所述第二上拉模块连接的所述安装槽位不同，所述第二上拉模块的第一端还与所述第二控制单元连接，所述第二上拉模块的第二端与电源连接；
    所述从电池管理系统还包括第二分压模块；
    在所述第一电池包安装至所述第一安装槽位的情况下，与所述第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块的第一端与所述第一从电池管理系统中的第二分压模块的第一端连接，所述第一从电池管理系统中的第二分压模块的第一端还与所述第二控制单元连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的换电系统，其中，所述第一控制单元与所述第二控制单元连接；
    所述第二控制单元用于采集与所述第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和所述第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将所述第三电压发送至所述第一控制单元；
    所述第一控制单元用于采集与所述第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和所述第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压，并基于所述第一电压和所述第三电压确定所述换电系统是否出现故障。
  4. 一种编码方法，应用于如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的换电系统，所述方法包括：
    通过第一控制单元采集与第一安装槽位连接的第一分压模块和第一从电池管理系统中的第一上拉模块之间的第一电压；
    通过所述第一控制单元基于所述第一电压为所述第一从电池管理系统编码。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述基于所述第一电压为所述第一从电池管理系统编码，包括：
    确定所述第一电压所处的第一预设范围；
    将所述第一预设范围对应的第一预设值作为所述第一从电池管理系统的编码值。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    通过第二控制单元采集所述安装槽位和第二上拉模块之间的第二电压；
    通过所述第二控制单元基于所述第二电压确定所述安装槽位是否安装有电池包。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述基于所述第二电压确定所述安装槽位是否安装有电池包，包括：
    在所述第二电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定所述安装槽位安装有电池包；
    在所述第二电压处于第三预设范围的情况下，确定所述安装槽位没有安装电池包，所述第三预设范围的下限大于所述第二预设范围的上限。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述第二控制单元采集与所述第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和所述第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将所述第三电压发送至所述第一控制单元；
    通过所述第一控制单元基于所述第一电压和所述第三电压确定所述换电系统是否出现故障。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述基于所述第一电压和所述第三电压确定所述换电系统是否出现故障，包括：
    在所述第一电压处于第四预设范围且所述第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定所述换电系统出现故障。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，在所述通过所述第二控制单元采集与所述第一安装槽位连接的第二上拉模块和所述第一安装槽位之间的第三电压，并将所述第三电压发送至所述第一控制单元之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述第一控制单元在所述第一电压不大于第一阈值或大于第二阈值，且所述第三电压处于第二预设范围的情况下，确定所述换电系统出现短地短电源故障；
    通过所述第一控制单元在所述第一电压处于第五预设范围且所述第三电压处于所述第二预设范围的情况下，确定所述换电系统出现开路故障，所述第五预设范围的下限大于所述第一阈值，所述第五预设范围的上限不大于所述第二阈值。
PCT/CN2024/091665 2023-11-29 2024-05-08 换电系统及编码方法 Pending WO2025112288A1 (zh)

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