WO2025001379A1 - 层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备 - Google Patents

层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025001379A1
WO2025001379A1 PCT/CN2024/084859 CN2024084859W WO2025001379A1 WO 2025001379 A1 WO2025001379 A1 WO 2025001379A1 CN 2024084859 W CN2024084859 W CN 2024084859W WO 2025001379 A1 WO2025001379 A1 WO 2025001379A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulating paper
slot
stator
paper
insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/084859
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈乾来
向斌
夏继
黄立人
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Contemporary Amperex Intelligence Technology Shanghai Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Contemporary Amperex Intelligence Technology Shanghai Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd, Contemporary Amperex Intelligence Technology Shanghai Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025001379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025001379A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of motor technology, and more specifically, relates to an interlayer insulation paper, a stator, an axial motor, an electric drive assembly and a drive device.
  • Axial motors are gaining more and more attention due to their compact structure, high efficiency, and high power density.
  • Interlayer insulation paper is generally placed between the windings in the stator slots of axial motors to ensure good insulation between the windings.
  • the windings are easily squeezed and damaged during installation, thus affecting the insulation performance.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an interlayer insulation paper, a stator, an axial motor, an electric drive assembly and a drive device to solve the problem in the related art that the interlayer insulation paper is easily squeezed and damaged when the winding of the axial motor is installed in the stator slot, thereby affecting the insulation performance.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an interlayer insulation paper, including an in-slot insulation paper for placement in a stator slot of a stator, wherein the ends of the in-slot insulation paper are connected to end insulation paper;
  • the end insulation paper and the slot insulation paper are adapted to the shape of the winding installed in the stator slot.
  • the extrusion deformation of the interlayer insulation paper can be reduced when the winding is installed, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the interlayer insulation paper and improving the insulation performance;
  • the end insulation paper is connected to the in-slot insulation paper, and after the in-slot insulation paper is placed in the stator slot, the in-slot insulation paper can be positioned by the cooperation of the end insulation paper and the side wall of the stator slot, thereby positioning the interlayer insulation paper.
  • the end insulation paper and the in-slot insulation paper are an integrally formed structure.
  • the end insulation paper and the in-slot insulation paper are integrally formed to facilitate processing and manufacturing, improve the connection strength between the end insulation paper and the in-slot insulation paper, and facilitate adaptation to the winding shape after forming.
  • the end insulation paper includes a first insulation paper, and the first insulation paper is arranged at an end of the insulation paper in the slot close to the radial inner side of the stator.
  • the first insulating paper comprises:
  • a first inner section is arranged to extend obliquely from the insulating paper in the slot toward one side of the insulating paper in the slot;
  • the second inner section is extended from an end of the first inner section away from the insulating paper in the slot toward a direction away from the insulating paper in the slot.
  • the shape of the inner end of the winding can be well adapted to reduce the extrusion damage to the first insulating paper during the installation of the winding, thereby improving the insulation performance.
  • the first inner segment is transitionally connected to the insulating paper in the slot via the first inner arc segment; and/or, The second inner section is transitionally connected to the first inner section via the second inner arc section.
  • the provision of the first inner arc segment facilitates the production of the first inner segment and the connection between the first inner segment and the insulating paper in the slot, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first inner segment and the insulating paper in the slot and improving insulation performance.
  • the provision of the second inner arc segment can facilitate the production of the first inner segment and the second inner segment, as well as the connection between the first inner segment and the second inner segment, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first inner segment and the second inner segment and improving insulation performance.
  • the end insulation paper includes second insulation paper, and the second insulation paper is arranged at an end of the insulation paper in the slot close to the radial outer side of the stator.
  • the second insulating paper comprises:
  • a first outer section is arranged to extend obliquely from the insulating paper in the slot toward one side of the insulating paper in the slot;
  • the second outer section is extended from an end of the first outer section away from the insulating paper in the slot toward a direction away from the insulating paper in the slot.
  • the shape of the outer end of the winding can be well adapted to reduce the extrusion damage to the second insulating paper during the installation of the winding, thereby improving the insulation performance.
  • the first outer segment is transitionally connected to the insulating paper in the slot via a first outer arc segment; and/or, the second outer segment is transitionally connected to the first outer segment via a second outer arc segment.
  • the provision of the first outer arc segment facilitates the production of the first outer segment and the connection between the first outer segment and the insulating paper outside the slot, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first outer segment and the insulating paper outside the slot and improving insulation performance.
  • the provision of the second outer arc segment can facilitate the production of the first outer segment and the second outer segment, as well as the connection between the first outer segment and the second outer segment, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first outer segment and the second outer segment and improving insulation performance.
  • the interlayer insulating paper includes a plurality of in-slot insulating papers, and the plurality of in-slot insulating papers are connected into one body.
  • a plurality of in-slot insulating papers connected as one body are provided.
  • the plurality of in-slot insulating papers can be synchronously installed in a plurality of stator slots to facilitate installation and use.
  • an opening for passing the stator teeth of the stator is provided between the insulating papers in two adjacent slots.
  • Openings are provided between the insulating papers in adjacent slots to facilitate installation of the insulating papers in the slots in the stator slots, making installation and use easier.
  • a connecting portion is provided between the insulating papers in two adjacent slots, and a breakable mark that can be broken is provided at the connection between the connecting portion and the insulating papers in the slots.
  • connecting part By providing a connecting part, multiple insulating papers in the slots can be connected, which is convenient for movement and installation; and by providing an easy-to-break mark, the connecting part can be removed when installing the insulating paper in the slot, which is convenient for use.
  • end insulating papers are provided at the ends of the insulating papers in each slot, and two adjacent end insulating papers are connected.
  • the two adjacent end insulation papers are connected, and the end insulation papers are connected to the corresponding in-slot insulation papers, so that multiple in-slot insulation papers can be connected for easy processing and use.
  • two adjacent end insulating papers are an integrally formed structure.
  • the two adjacent end insulation papers are formed as one piece, which can facilitate processing and manufacturing, and multiple slot insulation papers and end insulation papers can be formed as one piece, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the end insulation papers corresponding to the insulation papers in the multiple slots are arranged in a ring shape.
  • the end insulating paper is arranged in a ring shape, and multiple slot insulating papers can be connected.
  • the slot insulating papers can be installed in each stator slot of the stator simultaneously, which is convenient for assembly and use; and it is also convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the interlayer insulating paper includes a plurality of blocks, the plurality of blocks are arranged in a ring shape, and each block includes at least one in-slot insulating paper.
  • the interlayer insulation paper is arranged in multiple blocks for easy processing and manufacturing; in addition, the multiple stator slots of the stator are arranged in a ring shape, so that the multiple blocks are arranged in a ring shape, which can facilitate the installation of slot insulation paper in each stator slot, facilitate the installation of interlayer insulation paper on the stator, and facilitate use.
  • each block is an integrally formed structure.
  • Each block is formed in one piece to facilitate processing and manufacturing.
  • At least two blocks have different breakdown resistance properties.
  • the breakdown resistance performance of at least two blocks is set differently, and blocks with different breakdown resistance performance can be used according to the voltage difference between windings in the stator slots, so as to reduce the cost and ensure good insulation performance between windings.
  • At least two blocks have different dielectric strengths.
  • blocks with different insulation withstand voltage strength can be used according to the voltage difference between windings in the stator slots, so as to reduce the cost and ensure good insulation performance between windings.
  • At least two of the blocks have different thicknesses.
  • blocks of different thicknesses can be used according to the voltage difference between windings in the stator slots, so as to reduce the cost and ensure good insulation performance between windings.
  • the thickness of the block ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the above-mentioned blocks include a first block, and the thickness of the first block ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm;
  • the above block includes a second block, and the thickness of the second block ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm;
  • the above-mentioned blocks include a third block, and the thickness of the third block ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the first block is set and has a thickness ranging from 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the first block can be used in stator slots with a moderate voltage difference between windings to achieve a more reasonable allocation of insulation performance, occupied space and cost.
  • the second block is provided and has a thickness ranging from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm.
  • the second block can be used in stator slots with a small voltage difference between windings to achieve a more reasonable allocation of insulation performance, occupied space and cost.
  • the third block is provided, and the thickness of the third block is made to range from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the third block can be used in stator slots with a large voltage difference between windings to achieve a more reasonable allocation of insulation performance, occupied space and cost.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a stator, comprising the interlayer insulation paper as described in any of the above embodiments.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an axial motor, comprising a stator as described in the above embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric drive assembly, comprising an axial motor as described in the above embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a driving device, including an axial motor as described in the above embodiment; or including an electric drive assembly as described in the above embodiment.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an axial motor in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial motor in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial motor in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial motor in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a stator in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line A-A in FIG6 ;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of interlayer insulation paper in a stator in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of interlayer insulation paper in other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of interlayer insulation paper in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of interlayer insulation paper in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of interlayer insulation paper in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the main marks of the drawings in the figure are: 1000-vehicle; 1001-electric drive assembly; 100-axial motor; 200-transmission; 1002-controller; 1003-battery; 10- rotor; 20- stator; 21- stator core; 210- stator slot; 211- stator tooth; 22- winding; 23-interlayer insulation paper; 230-block; 2301-first block; 2302-second block; 2303-third block; 24- Insulating paper in the slot; 241-opening; 242-connecting part; 243-easy break mark; 25-end insulating paper; 251-first insulating paper; 2511-first inner section; 2512-second inner section; 2513-first inner arc section; 2514-second inner arc section; 252-second insulating paper; 2521-first outer section; 2522-second outer section; 2523-first outer arc section; 2524-second outer arc section; 30-Rotation shaft.
  • first, second, etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Conquest.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces). "Several" means one or more than one, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, and “circumferential” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
  • adjacent refers to proximity in position. For example, for three components A1 , A2 and B, the distance between A1 and B is greater than the distance between A2 and B, then A2 is closer to B than A1 , that is, A2 is adjacent to B, or B is adjacent to A2 .
  • the multiple C components are C1 , C2 ... CN , and when one of the C components, such as C2, is closer to component B than other C components, then B is adjacent to C2 , or C2 is adjacent to B.
  • the drive structure that uses an electric motor as a power source is generally called an electric drive.
  • An electric drive assembly can be formed by integrating the electric motor with one or more components such as a cooling system, a speed change mechanism, and a controller.
  • the electric drive assembly is also called an electric drive assembly or an electric drive device.
  • the electric drive assembly is the main power device of an electric vehicle.
  • the electric drive assembly is used to convert the electrical energy provided by the battery into mechanical energy to drive the electric vehicle.
  • the electric drive assembly can be divided into a centralized electric drive assembly and a distributed electric drive assembly.
  • the centralized electric drive assembly transmits the output torque of the motor to the left and right wheels of the electric vehicle through mechanical transmission devices such as a transmission and a reducer to drive the electric vehicle, while the distributed electric drive assembly usually includes at least two motors, and the output torque of each motor is transmitted to one wheel to drive the electric vehicle, so that the distributed electric drive assembly can achieve independent control of a single wheel of the electric vehicle. Therefore, compared with the centralized electric drive assembly, the distributed electric drive assembly can realize independent control of a single wheel of the electric vehicle. Compared with electric vehicles with distributed electric drive assemblies, electric vehicles with distributed electric drive assemblies have better maneuverability, making distributed electric drive assemblies increasingly popular among automobile manufacturers.
  • Motors are also called electric motors. They are generally composed of two parts: a rotor and a stator.
  • a motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It uses an energized coil to generate a rotating magnetic field and acts on the rotor to form a magnetic-electrical force rotation torque.
  • the fixed part of the motor is called the stator, and the rotating part of the motor is called the rotor.
  • the stator drives the rotor to rotate in the motor to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, thereby outputting torque.
  • a speed change mechanism is also set in the casing of the electric drive assembly.
  • a reducer is often set in the casing to increase the torque and output power through the reducer; in some cases where the driving speed requirements are low, a reducer is also used.
  • a speed increaser is also required to increase the output speed.
  • a speed change mechanism is also integrated in some electric drive assemblies.
  • the speed change mechanism also known as the gearbox, is a mechanism used to change the speed and torque from the motor. It can fix or change the transmission ratio of the output shaft and the input shaft in stages.
  • the speed change mechanism is composed of a speed change transmission assembly. Most transmission assemblies use ordinary gear transmission, some use planetary gear transmission, and some use belt transmission.
  • a radial motor is a motor in which the stator and rotor are arranged radially, such as a motor in which the stator is located on the outer periphery of the rotor or the rotor is located on the outer periphery of the stator, that is, a motor in which the stator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotor or the rotor is sleeved on the outer periphery of the stator.
  • Axial motors are motors in which the stator and rotor are arranged axially.
  • stator is located on the side of the rotor, and correspondingly, the rotor is also located on the side of the stator.
  • the side of the rotor close to the stator is defined as the stator side.
  • the stator Since the stator is located on the side of the rotor, the stator generally includes a stator core and a winding.
  • the side of the stator core is annularly arrayed with stator teeth, and stator slots are formed between adjacent stator teeth.
  • the stator windings are arranged in the stator slots to generate an electromagnetic field.
  • insulating paper is often placed between the two layers of windings, and the insulation performance between the winding layers is improved by the interlayer insulating paper.
  • the interlayer insulating paper is placed, and then the next layer of winding or another phase winding is installed.
  • the winding is a three-dimensional structure, its two ends are mostly tilted to one side relative to the middle.
  • the two ends of the winding When the winding is installed in the stator slot, on the one hand, the two ends of the winding will be stretched and squeezed, and the paint film on the winding will be damaged, which is easy to break down and cause insulation failure; on the other hand, the winding will also squeeze the interlayer insulating paper, causing damage to the interlayer insulating paper, thereby affecting the insulation performance.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an interlayer insulation paper, by pre-forming the part of the interlayer insulation paper placed in the stator slot and the end part located outside the stator slot, so that the interlayer insulation paper is arranged to be compatible with the shape of the winding installed in the stator slot, so that when the winding is installed, the extrusion deformation of the interlayer insulation paper can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the interlayer insulation paper and improving the insulation performance.
  • the interlayer insulation paper disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the stator of the axial motor.
  • the stator disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in the axial motor.
  • the axial motor can be used as a power structure to be applied to the electric drive assembly, drive equipment, etc. as a power source.
  • the electric drive assembly can also be applied to the drive equipment.
  • the drive equipment can be, but is not limited to, electric toys, Electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • Electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • Spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
  • the driving device can be an electric vehicle or a vehicle chassis.
  • the axial motor can be integrated with one or more of the power supply, controller, gearbox and other devices to form an electric drive assembly.
  • a driving device is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, and the driving device is explained by taking a vehicle as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • An electric drive assembly 1001 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the electric drive assembly 1001 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000.
  • the electric drive assembly 1001 may be used to increase the power of the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 1002 and a battery 1003, and the controller 1002 is used to control the operation of the electric drive assembly 1001, for example, to control the start, speed change and stop of the electric drive assembly 1001.
  • the controller 1002 may also be used to control the battery 1003 to supply power to the electric drive assembly 1001, for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.
  • the electric drive assembly 1001 includes an axial motor 100, and the axial motor 100 is used as a power source for the electric drive assembly 1001. It can be understood that the electric drive assembly 1001 is not limited to being used in the vehicle 1000, but can also be used in other devices that require power output.
  • the electric drive assembly 1001 may further include a transmission 200, which is connected to the axial motor 100 to achieve torque change of the axial motor 100.
  • the transmission 200 also known as a gearbox, is a mechanism used to change the speed and torque from the engine, and it can change the output shaft and input shaft transmission ratio in a fixed or step-by-step manner.
  • the controller 1002 may be integrated with the axial motor 100 to form an electric drive assembly 1001 .
  • the battery 1003 may be integrated with the axial motor 100 to form an electric drive assembly 1001 .
  • the transmission 200 and the controller 1002 may be integrated with the axial motor 100 to form an electric drive assembly 1001 .
  • the transmission 200, the controller 1002 and the battery 1003 may be integrated with the axial motor 100 to form an electric drive assembly 1001.
  • the electric drive assembly 1001 may also be integrated with other structures, such as a cooling oil circuit.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an axial motor 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an axial motor 100 , which includes a rotating shaft 30 , a stator 20 , and a rotor 10 .
  • the rotor 10 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 30
  • the stator 20 is located on a side of the rotor 10 .
  • the rotating shaft 30 refers to a shaft-shaped member in the axial motor 100 for outputting power.
  • the rotating shaft 30 is fixedly connected to the rotor 10 and can rotate driven by the rotor 10 to output power.
  • the stator 20 and the rotating shaft 30 can rotate relative to each other, so that the stator 20 and the rotor 10 can rotate relative to each other.
  • the stator 20 can be supported on the rotating shaft 30 by a bearing.
  • the stator 20 when the axial motor 100 includes a housing, the stator 20 can be fixed to the housing, and the stator 20 can be supported by the housing, and the rotor 10 and the rotating shaft 30 are rotatably installed in the housing, so that the stator 20 and the rotor 10 can rotate relative to each other, so that the stator 20 drives the rotor 10 to rotate.
  • the stator 20 is located on the side of the rotor 10, which means that the stator 20 is located on the axial side of the rotor 10 so that the stator 20 The rotor 10 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 30 to rotate.
  • the axial direction refers to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 30
  • the axial direction of the rotating shaft 30 is also the axial direction of the stator 20 and the axial direction of the rotor 10 . Therefore, the axial direction also refers to the axial direction of the rotor 10 .
  • the radial direction refers to the radial direction of the rotating shaft 30
  • the radial direction of the rotating shaft 30 is also the radial direction of the stator 20 and the radial direction of the rotor 10 . Therefore, the radial direction also refers to the radial direction of the rotor 10 .
  • the circumferential direction refers to a direction around the axial direction of the rotating shaft 30 , which is also a direction around the axial direction of the rotor 10 .
  • the stator 20 there may be one rotor 10 and one stator 20, and the stator 20 is located on one side of the rotor 10.
  • the axial motor 100 has a simple structure and a small volume. In this structure, the side of the rotor 10 close to the stator 20 is the stator side.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axial motor 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the axial motor 100 includes two stators 20 and a rotor 10, and the two stators 20 are located on opposite sides of the rotor 10, so that the same rotor 10 can be driven to rotate by the two stators 20 to improve the output power, and the structure of the axial motor 100 is more compact.
  • the stators 20 are provided on opposite sides of the rotor 10, the opposite sides of the rotor 10 are both stator sides.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axial motor 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the axial motor 100 includes two rotors 10 and a stator 20, and the two rotors 10 are located on opposite sides of the stator 20, so that the two rotors 10 can be driven to rotate by one stator 20, and the same rotating shaft 30 can be driven to rotate, so as to improve the output power, and the structure of the axial motor 100 is more compact.
  • the stator 20 is provided on one side of each rotor 10, the side of the rotor 10 close to the stator 20 is the stator side.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axial motor 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the axial motor 100 includes multiple rotors 10 and multiple stators 20, wherein a stator 20 is disposed between two adjacent rotors 10, and a rotor 10 is disposed between two adjacent stators 20, and the multiple rotors 10 are driven to rotate by the multiple stators 20, thereby driving the rotating shaft 30 to rotate, so as to increase the output power.
  • the side of each rotor 10 close to the stator 20 is the stator side.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a stator 20 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along line A-A in Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an interlayer insulating paper 23 in a stator 20 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an interlayer insulating paper 23, including an in-slot insulating paper 24 for being placed in a stator slot 210 of a stator 20, and an end insulating paper 25 is connected to the end of the in-slot insulating paper 24; the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are adapted to the shape of the winding 22 installed in the stator slot 210.
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 refers to the insulating paper provided between the windings 22 of the stator 20 of the axial motor 100 to achieve insulation between the windings 22.
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 can be made of paper material, and of course, can also be made of other insulating materials, such as insulating plastic sheets.
  • the in-slot insulation paper 24 refers to the portion of the interlayer insulation paper 23 placed in the stator slot 210 .
  • the end insulating paper 25 refers to a portion of the interlayer insulating paper 23 that is located outside the stator slot 210 .
  • the end insulating paper 25 and the slot insulating paper 24 are adapted to the shape of the winding 22 installed in the stator slot 210, which means that the shape of the overall structure formed by connecting the end insulating paper 25 and the slot insulating paper 24 is adapted to the shape of the winding 22, so that the interlayer insulating paper 23 is installed on the stator 20, and the slot insulating paper 24 is placed in the stator slot 210.
  • the winding 22 When the winding 22 is installed, the winding 22 has little compression on the interlayer insulating paper 23, thereby reducing the damage to the interlayer insulating paper 23. To improve insulation performance.
  • the extrusion deformation of the interlayer insulating paper 23 can be reduced when the winding 22 is installed, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the interlayer insulating paper 23 and improving the insulation performance; in addition, the end insulating paper 25 is connected to the in-slot insulating paper 24.
  • the in-slot insulating paper 24 can be positioned by the cooperation of the end insulating paper 25 and the side wall of the stator slot 210, thereby positioning the interlayer insulating paper 23.
  • the end insulation paper 25 and the in-slot insulation paper 24 are an integrally formed structure.
  • the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are integrally formed, which means that the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are made in one piece.
  • a larger insulating paper can be used to form an integral structure of the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 through three-dimensional molding.
  • the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are integrally formed to facilitate processing and manufacturing, improve the connection strength between the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24, and facilitate adaptation to the shape of the winding 22 after forming.
  • the end insulation paper 25 includes a first insulation paper 251 , and the first insulation paper 251 is disposed at an end of the in-slot insulation paper 24 close to the radial inner side of the stator 20 .
  • the first insulating paper 251 refers to insulating paper used to insulate and separate adjacent windings 22 close to the radial inner end of the stator 20 .
  • the radial inner side of the stator 20 refers to a side close to the center of the stator 20 along the radial direction of the stator 20 .
  • the first insulating paper 251 is arranged on the radial inner side of the in-slot insulating paper 24 close to the stator 20.
  • the in-slot insulating paper 24 is installed in the stator slot 210, and the first insulating paper 251 is connected to the radial inner side of the in-slot insulating paper 24.
  • the first insulating paper 251 is located on the radial inner side of the stator slot 210 to insulate and separate the radial inner end of the adjacent winding 22 close to the stator 20.
  • the radial inner side of the stator slot 210 is also the radial inner side of the stator 20 , and when the interlayer insulation paper 23 is installed on the stator core 21 , the radial inner side of the stator 20 is also the radial inner side of the interlayer insulation paper 23 , and the radial inner side of the stator 20 is also the radial inner side of the stator core 21 .
  • the winding 22 Since the winding 22 is placed in the stator slot 210, its two ends extend out of the stator slot 210, and a first insulating paper 251 is provided.
  • the first insulating paper 251 extends from the radial inner side of the stator slot 210, and interlayer insulation can be performed on the end of the winding 22 close to the radial inner side of the stator 20 to improve the insulation performance between the windings 22.
  • the first insulating paper 251 includes: a first inner section 2511, which is obliquely extended from the insulating paper 24 in the slot toward one side of the insulating paper 24 in the slot; and a second inner section 2512, which is extended from one end of the first inner section 2511 away from the insulating paper 24 in the slot toward a direction away from the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the first inner section 2511 refers to a portion of the first insulating paper 251 close to the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the second inner section 2512 refers to the portion of the first insulating paper 251 away from the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • One side of the in-slot insulating paper 24 refers to one side along the thickness direction of the in-slot insulating paper 24 .
  • the shape of the inner end of the winding 22 can be well adapted to reduce the extrusion damage to the first insulating paper 251 when the winding 22 is installed, thereby improving the insulation performance.
  • the first inner segment 2511 is transitionally connected to the insulating paper 24 in the slot via the first inner arc segment 2513 .
  • the first inner arc segment 2513 refers to a segment of the first insulating paper 251 that connects the first inner segment 2511 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the first inner arc segment 2513 is in an arc shape so that the first inner segment 2511 to the insulating paper 24 in the slot are connected.
  • the transition is made through the first inner arc segment 2513 to reduce the crease damage at the connection between the first inner segment 2511 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the provision of the first inner arc segment 2513 can facilitate the production of the first inner segment 2511 and the connection between the first inner segment 2511 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first inner segment 2511 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot and improving insulation performance.
  • the second inner segment 2512 is transitionally connected to the first inner segment 2511 via a second inner arc segment 2514 .
  • the second inner arc segment 2514 refers to a segment on the first insulating paper 251 that connects the first inner segment 2511 and the second inner segment 2512.
  • the second inner arc segment 2514 is in an arc shape so that the second inner segment 2512 transitions to the second inner segment 2512 through the second inner arc segment 2514 to reduce the crease damage at the connection between the first inner segment 2511 and the second inner segment 2512.
  • the provision of the second inner arc segment 2514 can facilitate the production of the first inner segment 2511 and the second inner segment 2512, and also facilitate the connection between the first inner segment 2511 and the second inner segment 2512, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first inner segment 2511 and the second inner segment 2512 and improving insulation performance.
  • the first inner section 2511 is transitionally connected to the insulating paper 24 in the slot via the first inner arc section 2513
  • the second inner section 2512 is transitionally connected to the first inner section 2511 via the second inner arc section 2514. This can reduce the crease damage of the interlayer insulating paper 23 and improve the insulation performance.
  • the end insulation paper 25 includes a second insulation paper 252 , and the second insulation paper 252 is disposed at an end of the in-slot insulation paper 24 close to the radial outer side of the stator 20 .
  • the second insulating paper 252 refers to insulating paper used to insulate and separate adjacent windings 22 near the radially outer end of the stator 20 .
  • the second insulating paper 252 is arranged on the radial outer side of the in-slot insulating paper 24 close to the stator 20.
  • the in-slot insulating paper 24 is installed in the stator slot 210, and the second insulating paper 252 is connected to the radial outer side of the in-slot insulating paper 24.
  • the second insulating paper 252 is located on the radial outer side of the stator slot 210 to insulate and separate the radial outer end of the adjacent winding 22 close to the stator 20.
  • the radial outer side of the stator slot 210 is also the radial outer side of the stator 20 , and when the interlayer insulation paper 23 is installed on the stator core 21 , the radial outer side of the stator 20 is also the radial outer side of the interlayer insulation paper 23 , and the radial outer side of the stator 20 is also the radial outer side of the stator core 21 .
  • the winding 22 Since the winding 22 is placed in the stator slot 210, its two ends extend out of the stator slot 210, and a second insulating paper 252 is provided.
  • the second insulating paper 252 extends radially outward from the stator slot 210, and interlayer insulation can be performed on the end of the winding 22 close to the radial outer side of the stator 20 to improve the insulation performance between the windings 22.
  • the second insulating paper 252 includes: a first outer segment 2521, which is obliquely extended from the insulating paper 24 in the slot toward one side of the insulating paper 24 in the slot; and a second outer segment 2522, which is extended from one end of the first outer segment 2521 away from the insulating paper 24 in the slot toward a direction away from the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the first outer section 2521 refers to a portion of the second insulating paper 252 close to the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the second outer section 2522 refers to the portion of the second insulating paper 252 away from the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • One side of the in-slot insulating paper 24 refers to one side along the thickness direction of the in-slot insulating paper 24 .
  • the shape of the outer end of the winding 22 can be well adapted to reduce the extrusion damage to the second insulating paper 252 when the winding 22 is installed, thereby improving the insulation performance.
  • the first outer segment 2521 is transitionally connected to the insulating paper 24 in the slot via the first outer arc segment 2523 .
  • the first outer arc segment 2523 refers to a segment of the second insulating paper 252 that connects the first outer segment 2521 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the first outer arc segment 2523 is in an arc shape, so that the first outer segment 2521 transitions to the insulating paper 24 in the slot through the first outer arc segment 2523, so as to reduce the crease damage at the connection between the first outer segment 2521 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the provision of the first outer arc segment 2523 facilitates the production of the first outer segment 2521 and the connection between the first outer segment 2521 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first outer segment 2521 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot and improving insulation performance.
  • the second outer segment 2522 is transitionally connected to the first outer segment 2521 via a second outer arc segment 2524 .
  • the second outer arc segment 2524 refers to a segment on the second insulating paper 252 that connects the first outer segment 2521 and the second outer segment 2522.
  • the second outer arc segment 2524 is in an arc shape so that the second outer segment 2522 transitions to the second outer segment 2522 through the second outer arc segment 2524 to reduce the crease damage at the connection between the first outer segment 2521 and the second outer segment 2522.
  • the provision of the second outer arc segment 2524 can facilitate the production of the first outer segment 2521 and the second outer segment 2522, and also facilitate the connection between the first outer segment 2521 and the second outer segment 2522, thereby reducing damage to the connection between the first outer segment 2521 and the second outer segment 2522 and improving insulation performance.
  • the first outer segment 2521 is transitionally connected to the insulating paper 24 in the slot via the first outer arc segment 2523, and the second outer segment 2522 is transitionally connected to the first outer segment 2521 via the second outer arc segment 2524. This can reduce the crease damage of the interlayer insulating paper 23 and improve the insulation performance.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes a first insulating paper 251 and a second insulating paper 252, wherein the first insulating paper 251 is disposed at one end of the slot insulating paper 24 close to the radial inner side of the stator 20, and the second insulating paper 252 is disposed at one end of the slot insulating paper 24 close to the radial outer side of the stator 20.
  • the first insulating paper 251, the slot insulating paper 24, and the second insulating paper 252 can cooperate to perform interlayer insulation separation over the entire length of the winding 22 in the radial direction, thereby improving the insulation performance.
  • the width direction of the insulating paper 24 in the slot is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the insulating paper 24 in the slot, and the width direction of the insulating paper 24 in the slot is perpendicular to the length direction of the insulating paper 24 in the slot.
  • the length direction of the insulating paper 24 in the slot is consistent with the radial direction of the stator 20.
  • the width of the first insulating paper 251 is greater than the width of the in-slot insulating paper 24.
  • the width direction of the first insulating paper 251 is consistent with the width direction of the in-slot insulating paper 24, so that when the first insulating paper 251 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are installed on the stator core 21, the stator slot 210 can be used to limit the opposite sides of the in-slot insulating paper 24, and the first insulating paper 251 cooperates with the side wall of the stator slot 210 to position the radial inner side of the in-slot insulating paper 24, so as to better position the interlayer insulating paper 23, which is convenient for assembly and use.
  • the width of the second insulating paper 252 is greater than the width of the in-slot insulating paper 24.
  • the width direction of the second insulating paper 252 is consistent with the width direction of the in-slot insulating paper 24, so that when the second insulating paper 252 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are installed on the stator core 21, the opposite sides of the in-slot insulating paper 24 can be positioned through the stator slot 210, and the second insulating paper 252 cooperates with the side wall of the stator slot 210 to position the radial outer side of the in-slot insulating paper 24, so as to better position the interlayer insulating paper 23, which is convenient for assembly and use.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes a first insulating paper 251 and a second insulating paper 252.
  • the first insulating paper 251 is arranged at one end of the insulating paper 24 in the slot close to the radial inner side of the stator 20, and the second insulating paper 252 is arranged at one end of the insulating paper 24 in the slot close to the radial outer side of the stator 20.
  • the first insulating paper 251, the second insulating paper 252 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot are installed on the stator core 21, the first insulating paper 251, the second insulating paper 252 and the insulating paper 24 in the slot can be limited by the side wall of the stator slot 210 to reduce the risk of movement of the interlayer insulating paper 23 and facilitate assembly and use.
  • the interlayer insulation paper 23 includes an in-slot insulation paper 24
  • the stator 20 since the stator 20 has multiple stator slots 210, the stator 20 has multiple interlayer insulation papers 23, and the multiple interlayer insulation papers 23 are arranged in a ring array, so that the interlayer insulation paper 23 can be installed at each stator slot 210 of the stator 20, thereby performing interlayer insulation isolation on the winding 22 in each stator slot 210.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlayer insulation paper 23 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the interlayer insulation paper 23 includes a plurality of in-slot insulation papers 24, and the plurality of in-slot insulation papers 24 are connected into one body.
  • the plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 are connected as one body, which means that the plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 are arranged at corresponding positions of the plurality of stator slots 210 and connected as one body.
  • a plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 connected in one body are provided.
  • the plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 can be synchronously installed in a plurality of stator slots 210 to facilitate installation and use.
  • an opening 241 for the stator teeth 211 of the stator 20 to pass through is provided between the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots.
  • the opening 241 refers to an opening structure located between the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots. When in use, the stator teeth 211 can pass through the opening 241 .
  • Openings 241 are provided between adjacent in-slot insulating papers 24 to facilitate installation of the in-slot insulating papers 24 in the stator slots 210 , making installation and use easier.
  • a connecting portion 242 is provided between two adjacent in-slot insulating papers 24 , and a breakable mark 243 that can be broken is provided at the connection between the connecting portion 242 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 .
  • the connecting portion 242 refers to a structural portion connecting the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots.
  • the fragile mark 243 refers to a mark or connection point that is easily broken.
  • connecting portion 242 By providing the connecting portion 242, multiple in-slot insulating papers 24 are connected to facilitate movement and installation; and by providing the easy-to-break mark 243, the connecting portion 242 can be removed when installing the in-slot insulating paper 24, which is convenient for use.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlayer insulation paper 23 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 An end portion of the insulating paper 24 in each slot is provided with an end portion insulating paper 25 , and two adjacent end portion insulating papers 25 are connected.
  • the two adjacent end insulating papers 25 are connected, and the end insulating papers 25 are connected to the corresponding in-slot insulating papers 24, so that a plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 can be connected for easy processing and use.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes the first insulating paper 251
  • the first insulating paper 251 corresponding to the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots can be connected to achieve connection of the insulating papers 24 in the two adjacent slots.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes the second insulating paper 252
  • the second insulating paper 252 corresponding to the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots can be connected to achieve connection of the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots.
  • two adjacent end insulating papers 25 are an integrally formed structure.
  • Two adjacent end insulating papers 25 are integrally formed, which means that the two adjacent end insulating papers 25 are integrally formed so that the two adjacent end insulating papers 25 are connected.
  • the two adjacent end insulation papers 25 are integrally formed, which can facilitate processing and manufacturing, and multiple slot insulation papers 24 and end insulation papers 25 can be integrally formed, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes the first insulating paper 251
  • the first insulating paper 251 corresponding to the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots can be integrally formed to connect the insulating papers 24 in the two adjacent slots.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes the second insulating paper 252
  • the second insulating paper 252 corresponding to the insulating papers 24 in two adjacent slots can be integrally formed to connect the insulating papers 24 in the two adjacent slots.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlayer insulation paper 23 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the end insulation papers 25 corresponding to the insulation papers 24 in the multiple slots are arranged in a ring shape.
  • stator 20 has a plurality of stator slots 210 , an in-slot insulating paper 24 needs to be provided in each stator slot 210 to perform interlayer insulation on the winding 22 in the stator slot 210 .
  • a plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 are provided so that an in-slot insulating paper 24 is provided in each stator slot 210 .
  • the stator slots 210 of the stator 20 are arranged in an annular array, and accordingly, the radial ends of the stator slots 210 are annular.
  • the end insulation papers 25 corresponding to the multiple slot insulation papers 24 are arranged in an annular shape, and the multiple slot insulation papers 24 can be connected so that the slot insulation papers 24 are installed in each stator slot 210, and the end insulation papers 25 perform interlayer insulation isolation on the radial ends of each winding 22.
  • the end insulating paper 25 is arranged in a ring shape, and a plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24 can be connected.
  • the in-slot insulating papers 24 can be installed in each stator slot 210 of the stator 20 simultaneously, which is convenient for assembly and use; and also convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes the first insulating paper 251
  • the first insulating paper 251 corresponding to the plurality of slot insulating papers 24 in the annular array is integrally formed, that is, the radial outer side of the annular first insulating paper 251 is connected to the plurality of slot insulating papers 24 .
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes the second insulating paper 252
  • the second insulating paper 252 corresponding to the multiple slot insulating papers 24 in the annular array is integrally formed, that is, the radial inner side of the annular second insulating paper 252 is connected to the multiple slot insulating papers 24 .
  • the end insulating paper 25 includes a first insulating paper 251 and a second insulating paper 252
  • the first insulating paper 251 is arranged in a ring shape
  • the second insulating paper 252 is also arranged in a ring shape
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 includes a plurality of in-slot insulating papers 24, and the in-slot insulating papers 24 correspond one-to-one to the stator slots 210, the two ends of the in-slot insulating paper 24 are connected to the first insulating paper 251 and the second insulating paper 252.
  • the entire interlayer insulating paper 23 can be installed on the stator core 21 for easy installation and use.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlayer insulation paper 23 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the interlayer insulation paper 23 includes a plurality of blocks 230 , the plurality of blocks 230 are arranged in a ring shape, and each block 230 includes at least one in-slot insulation paper 24 .
  • the block 230 refers to a region formed by connecting a plurality of in-slot insulation papers 24 and corresponding end insulation papers 25 into an integrated structure.
  • the stator slots 210 of the stator 20 correspond to the multiple slot insulation papers 24, the stator slots 210 of the stator 20 are arranged in a ring array, and accordingly, the interlayer insulation paper 23 installed on the stator 20 is formed in a ring shape.
  • the interlayer insulation paper 23 in the shape of a ring as a whole is divided into a plurality of blocks 230, so that each block 230 includes one or more slot insulation papers 24, It is more convenient to install and use.
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 is arranged in a plurality of blocks 230 for easy processing and manufacturing; in addition, the plurality of stator slots 210 of the stator 20 are arranged in a ring shape, so that the plurality of blocks 230 are arranged in a ring shape, which can facilitate the installation of the in-slot insulating paper 24 in each stator slot 210, and facilitate the installation of the interlayer insulating paper 23 on the stator 20 for easy use.
  • each block 230 is an integrally formed structure.
  • Each block 230 is integrally formed, which means that each block 230 is integrally formed, such as using a larger insulating paper to stamp and form the corresponding block 230.
  • Each block 230 is integrally formed to facilitate processing and manufacturing.
  • the windings 22 on the stator 20 are generally divided into multi-phase windings 22, and the changing magnetic field is generated by changing the timing of powering on different windings 22, thereby driving the rotor 10 to rotate.
  • the changing magnetic field is usually regional, that is, the same phase winding 22 often passes through several adjacent stator slots 210.
  • one or more phase windings 22 are usually arranged in the stator slots 210, which makes the phase-to-phase voltage difference of the windings 22 in the stator slots 210 in some areas larger, while the phase-to-phase voltage difference of the windings 22 in the stator slots 210 in some areas smaller.
  • At least two blocks 230 have different breakdown resistance properties.
  • the breakdown resistance is also called the voltage breakdown resistance, which refers to the maximum voltage that the insulating paper can withstand without being broken down.
  • the breakdown resistance of at least two blocks 230 is set to be different. Blocks 230 with different breakdown resistance can be used according to the voltage difference between the windings 22 in the stator slots 210 to reduce costs and ensure good insulation performance between the windings 22.
  • At least two blocks 230 have different dielectric strengths.
  • Dielectric withstand voltage also known as insulation strength, refers to the ability of insulation to withstand voltage.
  • insulation strength refers to the ability of insulation to withstand voltage.
  • the insulation When the voltage applied to insulation exceeds a certain critical value, the insulation will be damaged and lose its insulating function.
  • the lowest voltage that causes the insulator to break down is called the breakdown voltage of the insulator.
  • the kilovolts of voltage that needs to be applied to break down a 1 mm thick insulating material is called the insulation withstand voltage of the insulating material, or simply insulation strength.
  • the insulation withstand voltage strengths of at least two blocks 230 are set to be different. Blocks 230 with different insulation withstand voltage strengths can be used according to the voltage difference between the windings 22 in the stator slots 210 to reduce costs and ensure good insulation performance between the windings 22.
  • At least two of the blocks 230 have different thicknesses.
  • blocks 230 of different thicknesses can be used according to the voltage difference between the windings 22 in the stator slots 210 to reduce costs and ensure good insulation performance between the windings 22 .
  • the thickness of the block 230 ranges from 0.15 millimeters (mm) to 0.5 mm, such as 0.15 mm, 0.20 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.40 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.
  • the use of a block 230 with a thickness of 0.15 mm to 0.5 mm has low cost, occupies a small space in the stator slot 210, and has good insulation performance.
  • the thickness of the block 230 is less than 0.15 mm, its breakdown resistance is weak, and it is easy to be broken down by the interlayer voltage of the winding 22, resulting in insulation failure.
  • the thickness of the block 230 When the thickness of the block 230 is greater than 0.5 mm, it will occupy a larger space in the stator slot 210, reduce the full slot rate, cause a substantial increase in the volume of the stator 20, and also lead to an increase in the cost of the interlayer insulation paper 23.
  • the block 230 includes a first block 2301, and the thickness of the first block 2301 ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm, such as 0.2 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.3 mm, etc.
  • the first block 2301 is provided, and the thickness of the first block 2301 is in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the first block 2301 is used in the stator slot 210 with a moderate voltage difference between the groups 22 to achieve a more reasonable allocation of insulation performance, occupied space and cost.
  • the thickness of the first block 2301 is less than 0.2 mm, breakdown may occur in the area with a moderate voltage difference between the layers of the winding 22, resulting in insulation failure; when the thickness of the first block 2301 is greater than 0.3 mm, the occupied space will increase, and the cost of the interlayer insulation paper 23 will increase.
  • the block 230 includes a second block 2302, and the thickness of the second block 2302 ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm; for example, it may be 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.20 mm, etc.
  • the second block 2302 is set, and the thickness of the second block 2302 is in the range of 0.15mm-0.2mm.
  • the second block 2302 can be used in the stator slot 210 where the voltage difference between the windings 22 is small, so as to achieve a more reasonable allocation of insulation performance, occupied space and cost.
  • the thickness of the second block 2302 is less than 0.15mm, the insulation performance of the second block 2302 is weak, and breakdown may also occur in the area where the voltage difference between the layers of the winding 22 is small, resulting in insulation failure; when the thickness of the second block 2302 is greater than 0.2mm, the occupied space will increase, and it will lead to an increase in the cost of the interlayer insulation paper 23.
  • the block 230 includes a third block 2303, and the thickness of the third block 2303 ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, such as 0.3 mm, 0.31 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.34 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.37 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.39 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.41 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.43 mm, 0.44 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.46 mm, 0.47 mm, 0.48 mm, 0.49 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.
  • the third block 2303 is set, and the thickness of the third block 2303 is in the range of 0.3mm-0.5mm.
  • the third block 2303 can be used in the stator slot 210 where the voltage difference between the windings 22 is large, so as to achieve a more reasonable allocation of insulation performance, occupied space and cost.
  • the insulation performance of the third block 2303 is relatively weaker than that of the area where the voltage difference between the layers of the winding 22 is large, and breakdown may occur, resulting in insulation failure; when the thickness of the third block 2303 is greater than 0.5mm, the occupied space will increase, and the cost of the interlayer insulation paper 23 will increase.
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 provided in some embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of slot insulating papers 24, and the ends of the slot insulating papers 24 are connected with end insulating papers 25, and the end insulating papers 25 and the slot insulating papers 24 are adapted to the shape of the winding 22 installed in the stator slot 210.
  • the plurality of slot insulating papers 24 are arranged in an annular array, and the end insulating papers 25 include a first insulating paper 251 and a second insulating paper 252, the first insulating paper 251 is arranged in an annular shape, and the second insulating paper 252 is also arranged in an annular shape.
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 includes a plurality of slot insulating papers 24, and when the slot insulating papers 24 correspond to the stator slot 210 one by one, the two ends of the slot insulating papers 24 are connected to the first insulating paper 251 and the second insulating paper 252, and when this is used, the whole interlayer insulating paper 23 can be installed on the stator core 21, which is convenient for installation and use, and when the winding 22 is installed, the extrusion damage to the interlayer insulating paper 23 can be reduced to maintain good insulation performance.
  • the interlayer insulating paper 23 provided in some embodiments of the present application includes a plurality of blocks 230, and the plurality of blocks 230 are arranged in a ring shape.
  • Each block 230 includes at least one in-slot insulating paper 24, and the end of the in-slot insulating paper 24 is connected with an end insulating paper 25, and the end insulating paper 25 and the in-slot insulating paper 24 are adapted to the shape of the winding 22 installed in the stator slot 210.
  • the breakdown resistance of at least two blocks 230 is different, and blocks 230 with different breakdown resistance can be used according to the size of the voltage difference between the windings 22 in the stator slot 210 to reduce costs and maintain good insulation performance.
  • the present application also provides a stator 20, including the interlayer insulation paper 23 described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the interlayer insulation performance of the winding 22 in the stator 20 can be improved by setting the interlayer insulation paper 23.
  • the stator 20 further includes a stator core 21 and a winding 22.
  • the side of the stator core 21 is provided with stator teeth 211, and stator slots 210 are formed between adjacent stator teeth 211.
  • the winding 22 is placed in the stator slots 210, and the above-mentioned interlayer insulation paper 23 is provided between the layers of the winding 22.
  • the interlayer insulation paper 23 is provided between the layers of the winding 22 to ensure good insulation performance between the layers of the winding 22.
  • a multi-phase winding 22 is disposed in the stator slot 210 , and the above-mentioned interlayer insulating paper 23 is disposed between two adjacent phase windings 22 , so that the insulation performance of the interphase windings 22 is good.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide an axial motor 100 , comprising the stator 20 as described in the above embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide an electric drive assembly 1001, comprising the axial motor 100 as described in the above embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a driving device, including the axial motor 100 as described in the above embodiments; or including the electric drive assembly 1001 as described in the above embodiments.

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Abstract

一种层间绝缘纸(23)、定子(20)、轴向电机(100)、电驱总成(1001)及驱动设备。层间绝缘纸(23)包括用于置于定子(20)的定子槽(210)中的槽内绝缘纸(24)，槽内绝缘纸(24)的端部连接有端部绝缘纸(25)；端部绝缘纸(25)和槽内绝缘纸(24)与定子槽(210)中安装的绕组(22)的形状相适配。在绕组(22)安装时，可以减小对层间绝缘纸(23)的挤压变形，进而有效降低对层间绝缘纸(23)的损伤，提升绝缘性能；以及，在将槽内绝缘纸(24)置于定子槽(210)中后，可以通过端部绝缘纸(25)和定子槽(210)的侧壁的配合来对槽内绝缘纸(24)进行定位，进而对层间绝缘纸(23)进行定位。

Description

层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备
本申请要求于2023年06月26日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202310764006.5、发明名称为“层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电机技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备。
背景技术
轴向电机，因其结构紧凑、效率高、功率密度大等优点获得越来越多的关注。轴向电机的定子槽的绕组之间一般会设置层间绝缘纸，以使绕组间能够良好的绝缘。然而，当前层间绝缘纸置于定子槽后，在安装绕组时，绕组易挤压损坏层间绝缘纸，而影响绝缘性能。
申请内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备，以解决相关技术中轴向电机的绕组安装于定子槽时易挤压损坏层间绝缘纸，而影响绝缘性能的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种层间绝缘纸，包括用于置于定子的定子槽中的槽内绝缘纸，槽内绝缘纸的端部连接有端部绝缘纸；
端部绝缘纸和槽内绝缘纸与定子槽中安装的绕组的形状相适配。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过将端部绝缘纸和槽内绝缘纸设置呈与定子槽中安装的绕组的形状相适配，从而在绕组安装时，可以减小对层间绝缘纸的挤压变形，进而有效降低对层间绝缘纸的损伤，提升绝缘性能；另外，将端部绝缘纸与槽内绝缘纸相连，在将槽内绝缘纸置于定子槽中后，可以端部绝缘纸和定子槽的侧壁的配合来对槽内绝缘纸进行定位，进而对层间绝缘纸进行定位。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸与槽内绝缘纸是一体成型结构。
将端部绝缘纸与槽内绝缘纸一体成型，以方便加工制作，提升端部绝缘纸与槽内绝缘纸的连接强度，也便于成型后与绕组形状适配。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸包括第一绝缘纸，第一绝缘纸设于槽内绝缘纸用于靠近定子的径向内侧的一端。
由于绕组置于定子槽中时，其两端是伸出定子槽的两端，设置第一绝缘纸，可以对绕组靠近定子径向内侧的一端进行层间绝缘，以提升绕组间的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘纸包括：
第一内侧段，由槽内绝缘纸朝向槽内绝缘纸的一侧倾斜延伸设置；以及，
第二内侧段，由第一内侧段远离槽内绝缘纸的一端朝向远离槽内绝缘纸的方向延伸设置。
通过设置上述第一内侧段和第二内侧段，可以良好适配绕组的内侧端的形状，以减小绕组安装时对第一绝缘纸的挤压损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一内侧段与槽内绝缘纸通过第一内侧弧形段过渡连接；和/或， 第二内侧段与第一内侧段通过第二内侧弧形段过渡连接。
通过上述第一内侧弧形段的设置，可以便于第一内侧段的制作，也便于第一内侧段与槽内绝缘纸的连接，减小第一内侧段与槽内绝缘纸连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
通过上述第二内侧弧形段的设置，可以便于第一内侧段和第二内侧段的制作，也便于第一内侧段与第二内侧段的连接，减小第一内侧段与第二内侧段连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸包括第二绝缘纸，第二绝缘纸设于槽内绝缘纸用于靠近定子的径向外侧的一端。
由于绕组置于定子槽中时，其两端是伸出定子槽的两端，设置第二绝缘纸，可以对绕组靠近定子径向外侧的一端进行层间绝缘，以提升绕组间的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘纸包括：
第一外侧段，由槽内绝缘纸朝向槽内绝缘纸的一侧倾斜延伸设置；以及，
第二外侧段，由第一外侧段远离槽内绝缘纸的一端朝向远离槽内绝缘纸的方向延伸设置。
通过设置上述第一外侧段和第二外侧段，可以良好适配绕组的外侧端的形状，以减小绕组安装时对第二绝缘纸的挤压损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一外侧段与槽内绝缘纸通过第一外侧弧形段过渡连接；和/或，第二外侧段与第一外侧段通过第二外侧弧形段过渡连接。
通过上述第一外侧弧形段的设置，可以便于第一外侧段的制作，也便于第一外侧段与槽外绝缘纸的连接，减小第一外侧段与槽外绝缘纸连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
通过上述第二外侧弧形段的设置，可以便于第一外侧段和第二外侧段的制作，也便于第一外侧段与第二外侧段的连接，减小第一外侧段与第二外侧段连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，层间绝缘纸包括多个槽内绝缘纸，多个槽内绝缘纸连接成一体。
设置连接成一体的多个槽内绝缘纸，在使用时，可以将多个槽内绝缘纸同步安装在多个定子槽中，以方便安装使用。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个槽内绝缘纸之间设有用于供定子的定子齿穿过的开口。
在相邻槽内绝缘纸之间设置开口，以方便槽内绝缘纸安装在定子槽中，便于安装使用。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个槽内绝缘纸之间设有连接部，连接部与槽内绝缘纸的连接处设有可被折断的易断痕。
通过设置连接部，以便多个槽内绝缘纸相连，便于移动与安装使用；而设置易断痕，在安装槽内绝缘纸时，可以将连接部拆除，便于使用。
在一些实施例中，各槽内绝缘纸的端部设有端部绝缘纸，相邻两个端部绝缘纸相连。
将相邻两个端部绝缘纸相连，而端部绝缘纸是与对应的槽内绝缘纸相连，从而可以实现将多个槽内绝缘纸相连，以便于加工与使用。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个端部绝缘纸是一体成型结构。
将相邻两个端部绝缘纸设置为一体成型，可以方便加工制作，而且可以将多个槽内绝缘纸、端部绝缘纸一体成型制作，便于加工制作。
在一些实施例中，多个槽内绝缘纸对应的端部绝缘纸呈环形设置。
将端部绝缘纸设置呈环形，可以连接多个槽内绝缘纸，在使用时，可以同步在定子的各定子槽中安装槽内绝缘纸，便于组装使用；而且也便于加工制作。
在一些实施例中，层间绝缘纸包括多个区块，多个区块配合呈环形设置，各区块包括至少一个槽内绝缘纸。
将层间绝缘纸设置呈多个区块，方便加工制作；另外，定子的多个定子槽是环形布局，从而将多个区块呈环形，可以方便在各定子槽中安装槽内绝缘纸，便于在定子上安装层间绝缘纸，方便使用。
在一些实施例中，各区块是一体成型结构。
将各区块一体成型，以方便加工制作。
在一些实施例中，至少两块区块的耐击穿性能不同。
将至少两块区块的耐击穿性能设置不同，可以根据定子槽中绕组间的电压差的大小来使用不同耐击穿性能的区块，以降低成本，并使绕组间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，至少两块区块的绝缘耐压强度不同。
将至少两块区块的绝缘耐压强度设置不同，可以根据定子槽中绕组间的电压差的大小来使用不同绝缘耐压强度的区块，以降低成本，并使绕组间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，至少两块区块的厚度不同。
将至少两块区块的厚度设置不同，可以根据定子槽中绕组间的电压差的大小来使用不同厚度的区块，以降低成本，并使绕组间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，区块的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.5mm。
使用厚度为0.15mm-0.5mm的区块，成本低，且占用定子槽中空间小，绝缘性能好。
在一些实施例中，上述区块包括第一区块，第一区块的厚度范围为0.2mm-0.3mm；
和/或，上述区块包括第二区块，第二区块的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.2mm；
和/或，上述区块包括第三区块，第三区块的厚度范围为0.3mm-0.5mm。
设置第一区块，并使第一区块的厚度范围为0.2mm-0.3mm，可以在绕组间电压差适中的定子槽中使用第一区块，以达到绝缘性能、占用空间与成本更合理分配。
设置第二区块，并使第二区块的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.2mm，可以在绕组间电压差较小的定子槽中使用第二区块，以达到绝缘性能、占用空间与成本更合理分配。
设置第三区块，并使第三区块的厚度范围为0.3mm-0.5mm，可以在绕组间电压差较大的定子槽中使用第三区块，以达到绝缘性能、占用空间与成本更合理分配。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种定子，包括如上任一实施例所述的层间绝缘纸。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种轴向电机，包括如上述实施例所述的定子。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电驱总成，包括如上述实施例所述的轴向电机。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种驱动设备，包括如上述实施例所述的轴向电机；或者包括如上述实施例所述的电驱总成。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或示范性技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的轴向电机的结构示意图；
图3为本申请另一些实施例的轴向电机的结构示意图；
图4为本申请再一些实施例的轴向电机的结构示意图；
图5为本申请又一些实施例的轴向电机的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例的定子的局部结构示意图；
图7为图6中A-A线剖视结构示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的定子中层间绝缘纸的结构示意图；
图9为本申请另一些实施例的层间绝缘纸的结构示意图；
图10为本申请又一些实施例的层间绝缘纸的结构示意图；
图11为本申请再一些实施例的层间绝缘纸的结构示意图；
图12为本申请再另一些实施例的层间绝缘纸的结构示意图。
其中，图中各附图主要标记：
1000-车辆；1001-电驱总成；100-轴向电机；200-变速器；1002-控制器；1003-电池；
10-转子；
20-定子；
21-定子铁芯；210-定子槽；211-定子齿；22-绕组；
23-层间绝缘纸；230-区块；2301-第一区块；2302-第二区块；2303-第三区块；24-
槽内绝缘纸；241-开口；242-连接部；243-易断痕；25-端部绝缘纸；251-第一绝缘纸；2511-第一内侧段；2512-第二内侧段；2513-第一内侧弧形段；2514-第二内侧弧形段；252-第二绝缘纸；2521-第一外侧段；2522-第二外侧段；2523-第一外侧弧形段；2524-第二外侧弧形段；
30-转轴。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特 征。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以以任何合适的方式与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。“若干”的含义是一个或一个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“邻近”是指位置上接近。例如A1、A2和B三部件，A1与B之间的距离大于A2与B之间的距离，那么A2相比A1来说，A2更接近于B，即A2邻近B，也可以说B邻近A2。再如，当有多个C部件，多个C部件分别为C1、C2……CN，当其中一个C部件，如C2相比其他C部件更靠近B部件，那么B邻近C2，也可以说C2邻近B。
采用电机作为动力源的驱动结构一般称为电驱。将电机与冷却系统、变速机构、控制器等部件中的一个或几个进行集成，可以形成电驱总成。电驱总成也称为电驱动总成或电驱动装置。电驱总成是电动汽车的主要动力装置，电驱总成用于将电池所提供的电能转化为机械能以驱动电动汽车行驶。目前，电驱总成可以分为集中式电驱总成和分布式电驱总成，其中，集中式电驱总成是通过变速器、减速器等机械传动装置将电机的输出力矩传递到电动汽车的左、右车轮上，以驱动电动汽车行驶，而分布式电驱总成通常包括至少两个电机，每个电机的输出力矩传递至一个车轮上，以驱动电动汽车行驶，使得分布式电驱总成可以实现对电动汽车的单个车轮进行独立控制，因此，与采用集中 式电驱总成的电动汽车相比，采用分布式电驱总成的电动汽车具有更好的操纵性，使分布式电驱总成越来越受汽车厂家青睐。
电机也称电动机(Motor)，电机一般由转子和定子两部分组成，电机是把电能转换成机械能的一种设备。它是利用通电线圈产生旋转磁场并作用于转子形成磁电动力旋转扭矩。电机中固定的部分叫定子(stator)；而电机中旋转部分叫转子(rotor)。电机中通过定子驱动转子转动，以实现将电能转为机械能，从而向外输出扭矩。
另外，在一些情况下，电机并不直接输出动力，还会在电驱总成的机壳中设置变速机构。如一些需要扭矩较大的情况下，往往会在机壳中设置减速器，以提升扭矩，经减速器输出动力；在一些驱动速度要求较低的情况下，也会使用减速器。而对于一些需要转速较高的情况下，还需要升速器，以提升输出转速。也就是说，一些电驱总成中还会集成变速机构。变速机构，又称变速箱，是用来改变来自电机的转速和转矩的机构，它能固定或分档改变输出轴和输入轴传动比。变速机构由变速传动组件组成。传动组件大多用普通齿轮传动，也有的用行星齿轮传动，还有使用带传动。
电机可以分为径向电机和轴向电机。径向电机是指定子与转子沿径向排布的电机，如定子位于转子的外周或转子位于定子外周的电机，即定子套于转子外周或转子套于定子外周的电机为径向电机。轴向电机是指定子与转子沿轴向排布的电机。对于轴向电机，定子位于转子的侧面，相应地，转子也位于定子的侧面。为了便于描述，将转子上靠近定子的一侧定义为定子侧。
轴向电机，因其结构紧凑、效率高、功率密度大等优点获得越来越多的关注。由于定子位于转子的侧面，定子一般包括定子铁芯和绕组，定子铁芯的侧面环形阵列定子齿，相邻定子齿之间形成定子槽。定子的绕组设置于定子槽中，以形成产生电磁场。
由于定子槽中一般会设置多层绕组，并且轴向电机在工作时，绕组中会通电，则相邻两层绕组之间会形成电压差。特别是定子槽中绕制多相绕组时，相邻两相绕组之间的电压差会更大。因而，为了提升安全性，防止绕组间因电压差而击穿短路，两层绕组之间一般需要有良好的绝缘，特别是两相绕组之间，更需要良好地绝缘。
当前为了提升绕组层间的绝缘性，往往会在两层绕组之间设置绝缘纸，通过层间绝缘纸来提升绕组层间的绝缘性能。在组装时，一般在定子槽中装入一层或一相绕组后，再放置层间绝缘纸，然后再装入下一层绕组或另一相绕组。然而，由于绕组是立体结构，其两端多是相对于中部向一侧翘起设置，在绕组装入定子槽中时，一方面，绕组的两端会受到拉伸和挤压，绕组上的漆膜会被损伤，而容易发生击穿，造成绝缘失效；另一方面绕组也会挤压层间绝缘纸，而导致层间绝缘纸损伤，从而影响绝缘性能。
基于上述考虑，为解决轴向电机的绕组安装于定子槽时易挤压损坏层间绝缘纸，而影响绝缘性能的问题，本申请实施例提供一种层间绝缘纸，通过将层间绝缘纸置于定子槽中的部分和位于定子槽外部的端部部分预成型，使层间绝缘纸设置成与定子槽中安装的绕组的形状相适配，这样在绕组安装时，可以减小对层间绝缘纸的挤压变形，进而有效降低对层间绝缘纸的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
本申请实施例公开的层间绝缘纸可以应用于轴向电机的定子。而本申请实施例公开的定子可以用于轴向电机。轴向电机可以作为动力结构来应用于电驱总成、驱动设备等作为动力源。电驱总成也可以应用于驱动设备。驱动设备可以为但不限于电动玩具、 电动工具、电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
驱动设备可以为电动汽车，也可以为汽车底盘。可以将轴向电机与电源、控制器、变速箱等器件中的一个或几个进行集成，以形成电驱总成。
为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例提供一种驱动设备，该驱动设备以车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电驱总成1001，电驱总成1001可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电驱总成1001可以用于车辆1000提升动力。车辆1000还可以包括控制器1002和电池1003，控制器1002用来控制电驱总成1001的运行，例如，控制电驱总成1001的启动、变速和停止。控制器1002还可以用来控制电池1003向电驱总成1001供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在一些实施例中，电驱总成1001包括轴向电机100，通过轴向电机100作为电驱总成1001的动力源。可以理解地，电驱总成1001不限于应用在车辆1000中，也可以应用在其他需要动力输出的设备中。
在一些实施例中，电驱总成1001还可以包括变速器200，变速器200与轴向电机100相连，以实现轴向电机100的扭矩改变。变速器200(Transmission)，又称变速箱，是用来改变来自发动机的转速和转矩的机构，它能固定或分档改变输出轴和输入轴传动比。
在一些实施例中，可以将控制器1002与轴向电机100集成，以形成电驱总成1001。
在一些实施例中，可以将电池1003与轴向电机100集成，以形成电驱总成1001。
在一些实施例中，可以将变速器200和控制器1002与轴向电机100集成，以形成电驱总成1001。
在一些实施例中，可以将变速器200、控制器1002和电池1003均与轴向电机100集成，以形成电驱总成1001。当然，电驱总成1001还可以集成其他结构，如冷却油路等。
请参阅图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的轴向电机100的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供一种轴向电机100，包括转轴30、定子20和转子10，转子10固定安装于转轴30上，定子20位于转子10的侧面。
转轴30是指轴向电机100中用来输出动力的轴状件，转轴30与转子10固定相连，可以在转子10的带动下转动，以输出动力。
定子20与转轴30可以相对转动，进而使定子20可以与转子10可以相对转动。如一些实施例中，定子20可以通过轴承支撑在转轴30上。再如一些实施例中，轴向电机100包括机壳时，可以将定子20固定在机壳上，通过机壳来支撑定子20，而转子10和转轴30转动安装在机壳中，以使定子20可以与转子10可以相对转动，便于定子20驱动转子10转动。
定子20位于转子10的侧面，是指定子20位于转子10轴向的一侧，以便定子20 驱动转子10转动，进而带动转轴30转动。
轴向是指转轴30的轴向，而转轴30的轴向也是定子20的轴向，也是转子10的轴向，因而，轴向也是指转子10的轴向。
径向是指转轴30的径向，而转轴30的径向也是定子20的径向，也是转子10的径向，因而，径向也是指转子10的径向。
周向是指围绕转轴30轴向的方向，也是围绕转子10轴向的方向。
在一些实施例中，转子10可以为一个，定子20也可以为一个，定子20位于转子10的一侧，该轴向电机100结构简单，体积小。该结构中，转子10靠近定子20的一侧为定子侧。
请参阅图3，图3为本申请实施例提供的轴向电机100的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，轴向电机100包括两个定子20和一个转子10，两个定子20位于转子10的相对两侧，这样可以通过两个定子20来驱动同一个转子10转动，以提升输出功率，而且这种轴向电机100结构更为紧凑。该结构中，由于转子10的相对两侧均设有定子20，因而，转子10的相对两侧均为定子侧。
请参阅图4，图4为本申请实施例提供的轴向电机100的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，轴向电机100包括两个转子10和一个定子20，两个转子10位于定子20的相对两侧，这样可以通过一个定子20来驱动同两个转子10转动，并带动同一个转轴30转动，以提升输出功率，而且这种轴向电机100结构更为紧凑。该结构中，由于各转子10的一侧设有定子20，因而，转子10靠近定子20的一侧为定子侧。
请参阅图5，图5为本申请实施例提供的轴向电机100的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，轴向电机100包括多个转子10和多个定子20，相邻两个转子10之间设有定子20，相邻两个定子20之间设有转子10，通过多个定子20来驱动多个转子10转动，进而带动转轴30转动，以提升输出功率。这种结构中，各转子10靠近定子20的一侧为定子侧。
请参阅图6至图8，图6为本申请一些实施例的定子20的局部结构示意图。图7为沿图6中A-A线的剖视结构示意图。图8为本申请一些实施例的定子20中层间绝缘纸23的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供一种层间绝缘纸23，包括用于置于定子20的定子槽210中的槽内绝缘纸24，槽内绝缘纸24的端部连接有端部绝缘纸25；端部绝缘纸25和槽内绝缘纸24与定子槽210中安装的绕组22的形状相适配。
层间绝缘纸23是指设于轴向电机100的定子20的绕组22之间，以实现绕组22间绝缘的绝缘纸。层间绝缘纸23可以使用纸材料制作，当然，也可以使用其他绝缘材料制作，如也可以使用绝缘的塑料片制作等。
槽内绝缘纸24是指层间绝缘纸23上置于定子槽210中的部分。
端部绝缘纸25是指层间绝缘纸23上位于定子槽210外部的部分。
端部绝缘纸25和槽内绝缘纸24与定子槽210中安装的绕组22的形状相适配，是指，端部绝缘纸25和槽内绝缘纸24连接形成的整体结构的形状与绕组22的形状适配，这样在层间绝缘纸23安装在定子20上，槽内绝缘纸24置于定子槽210中，在安装绕组22时，绕组22对层间绝缘纸23的挤压小，进而可以减小对层间绝缘纸23的损伤， 以提升绝缘性能。
通过将端部绝缘纸25和槽内绝缘纸24设置成与定子槽210中安装的绕组22的形状相适配，从而在绕组22安装时，可以减小对层间绝缘纸23的挤压变形，进而有效降低对层间绝缘纸23的损伤，提升绝缘性能；另外，将端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24相连，在将槽内绝缘纸24置于定子槽210中后，可以通过端部绝缘纸25和定子槽210的侧壁的配合来对槽内绝缘纸24进行定位，进而对层间绝缘纸23进行定位。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24是一体成型结构。
端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24是一体成型，是指端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24是一体制作，如可以使用一张较大的绝缘纸，通过三维成型，以形成端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24的一体结构。
将端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24一体成型，以方便加工制作，提升端部绝缘纸25与槽内绝缘纸24的连接强度，也便于成型后与绕组22形状适配。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251，第一绝缘纸251设于槽内绝缘纸24用于靠近定子20的径向内侧的一端。
第一绝缘纸251是指用来将相邻绕组22靠近定子20的径向内侧一端的进行绝缘分隔的绝缘纸。
定子20的径向内侧是指沿定子20的径向，靠近定子20中心的一侧。
第一绝缘纸251设于槽内绝缘纸24靠近定子20的径向内侧，在槽内绝缘纸24安装在定子槽210中，而第一绝缘纸251与槽内绝缘纸24的径向内侧相连，则第一绝缘纸251位于定子槽210的径向内侧，以对相邻绕组22靠近定子20的径向内侧一端进行绝缘分隔。
定子槽210的径向内侧也是定子20的径向内侧，而层间绝缘纸23安装在定子铁芯21上时，定子20的径向内侧也是层间绝缘纸23的径向内侧，定子20的径向内侧也是定子铁芯21的径向内侧。
由于绕组22置于定子槽210中时，其两端是伸出定子槽210的两端，设置第一绝缘纸251，第一绝缘纸251自定子槽210的径向内侧伸出，可以对绕组22靠近定子20径向内侧的一端进行层间绝缘，以提升绕组22间的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘纸251包括：第一内侧段2511，由槽内绝缘纸24朝向槽内绝缘纸24的一侧倾斜延伸设置；以及，第二内侧段2512，由第一内侧段2511远离槽内绝缘纸24的一端朝向远离槽内绝缘纸24的方向延伸设置。
第一内侧段2511是指第一绝缘纸251靠近槽内绝缘纸24的部分。
第二内侧段2512是指第一绝缘纸251远离槽内绝缘纸24的部分。
槽内绝缘纸24的一侧是指沿槽内绝缘纸24厚度方向的一侧。
通过设置上述第一内侧段2511和第二内侧段2512，可以良好适配绕组22的内侧端的形状，以减小绕组22安装时对第一绝缘纸251的挤压损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一内侧段2511与槽内绝缘纸24通过第一内侧弧形段2513过渡连接。
第一内侧弧形段2513是指第一绝缘纸251上连接第一内侧段2511与槽内绝缘纸24的一段，第一内侧弧形段2513是呈圆弧状，以使第一内侧段2511至槽内绝缘纸24 经第一内侧弧形段2513过渡，以减小第一内侧段2511与槽内绝缘纸24连接处的折痕损伤。
通过上述第一内侧弧形段2513的设置，可以便于第一内侧段2511的制作，也便于第一内侧段2511与槽内绝缘纸24的连接，减小第一内侧段2511与槽内绝缘纸24连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第二内侧段2512与第一内侧段2511通过第二内侧弧形段2514过渡连接。
第二内侧弧形段2514是指第一绝缘纸251上连接第一内侧段2511与第二内侧段2512的一段，第二内侧弧形段2514是呈圆弧状，以使第二内侧段2512至第二内侧段2512经第二内侧弧形段2514过渡，以减小第一内侧段2511与第二内侧段2512连接处的折痕损伤。
通过上述第二内侧弧形段2514的设置，可以便于第一内侧段2511和第二内侧段2512的制作，也便于第一内侧段2511与第二内侧段2512的连接，减小第一内侧段2511与第二内侧段2512连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一内侧段2511与槽内绝缘纸24通过第一内侧弧形段2513过渡连接，并且第二内侧段2512与第一内侧段2511通过第二内侧弧形段2514过渡连接。从而可以减小层间绝缘纸23的折痕损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸25包括第二绝缘纸252，第二绝缘纸252设于槽内绝缘纸24用于靠近定子20的径向外侧的一端。
第二绝缘纸252是指用来绝缘分隔相邻绕组22靠近定子20的径向外侧一端的绝缘纸。
第二绝缘纸252设于槽内绝缘纸24靠近定子20的径向外侧，在槽内绝缘纸24安装在定子槽210中，而第二绝缘纸252与槽内绝缘纸24的径向外侧相连，则第二绝缘纸252位于定子槽210的径向外侧，以绝缘分隔相邻绕组22靠近定子20的径向外侧一端。
定子槽210的径向外侧也是定子20的径向外侧，而层间绝缘纸23安装在定子铁芯21上时，定子20的径向外侧也是层间绝缘纸23的径向外侧，定子20的径向外侧也是定子铁芯21的径向外侧。
由于绕组22置于定子槽210中时，其两端是伸出定子槽210的两端，设置第二绝缘纸252，第二绝缘纸252伸出定子槽210的径向外侧，可以对绕组22靠近定子20径向外侧的一端进行层间绝缘，以提升绕组22间的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘纸252包括：第一外侧段2521，由槽内绝缘纸24朝向槽内绝缘纸24的一侧倾斜延伸设置；以及，第二外侧段2522，由第一外侧段2521远离槽内绝缘纸24的一端朝向远离槽内绝缘纸24的方向延伸设置。
第一外侧段2521是指第二绝缘纸252靠近槽内绝缘纸24的部分。
第二外侧段2522是指第二绝缘纸252远离槽内绝缘纸24的部分。
槽内绝缘纸24的一侧是指沿槽内绝缘纸24厚度方向的一侧。
通过设置上述第一外侧段2521和第二外侧段2522，可以良好适配绕组22的外侧端的形状，以减小绕组22安装时对第二绝缘纸252的挤压损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一外侧段2521与槽内绝缘纸24通过第一外侧弧形段2523过渡连接。
第一外侧弧形段2523是指第二绝缘纸252上连接第一外侧段2521与槽内绝缘纸24的一段，第一外侧弧形段2523是呈圆弧状，以使第一外侧段2521至槽内绝缘纸24经第一外侧弧形段2523过渡，以减小第一外侧段2521与槽内绝缘纸24连接处的折痕损伤。
通过上述第一外侧弧形段2523的设置，可以便于第一外侧段2521的制作，也便于第一外侧段2521与槽内绝缘纸24的连接，减小第一外侧段2521与槽内绝缘纸24连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第二外侧段2522与第一外侧段2521通过第二外侧弧形段2524过渡连接。
第二外侧弧形段2524是指第二绝缘纸252上连接第一外侧段2521与第二外侧段2522的一段，第二外侧弧形段2524是呈圆弧状，以使第二外侧段2522至第二外侧段2522经第二外侧弧形段2524过渡，以减小第一外侧段2521与第二外侧段2522连接处的折痕损伤。
通过上述第二外侧弧形段2524的设置，可以便于第一外侧段2521和第二外侧段2522的制作，也便于第一外侧段2521与第二外侧段2522的连接，减小第一外侧段2521与第二外侧段2522连接处的损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，第一外侧段2521与槽内绝缘纸24通过第一外侧弧形段2523过渡连接，并且第二外侧段2522与第一外侧段2521通过第二外侧弧形段2524过渡连接。从而可以减小层间绝缘纸23的折痕损伤，提升绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251和第二绝缘纸252，第一绝缘纸251设于槽内绝缘纸24靠近定子20的径向内侧的一端，第二绝缘纸252设于槽内绝缘纸24靠近定子20的径向外侧的一端。从而在使用时，可以通过第一绝缘纸251、槽内绝缘纸24和第二绝缘纸252配合，以在径向上对绕组22整个长度上进行层间绝缘分隔，提升绝缘性能。
槽内绝缘纸24的宽度方向垂直于槽内绝缘纸24的厚度方向，槽内绝缘纸24的宽度方向垂直于槽内绝缘纸24的长度方向，在使用时，槽内绝缘纸24的长度方向与定子20的径向一致。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘纸251的宽度大于槽内绝缘纸24的宽度。第一绝缘纸251的宽度方向与槽内绝缘纸24的宽度方向一致，从而在第一绝缘纸251和槽内绝缘纸24安装在定子铁芯21上时，可以通过定子槽210来对槽内绝缘纸24相对两侧进行限位，而第一绝缘纸251与定子槽210的侧壁配合，以对槽内绝缘纸24径向的内侧定位，以更好地对层间绝缘纸23进行定位，便于组装与使用。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘纸252的宽度大于槽内绝缘纸24的宽度。第二绝缘纸252的宽度方向与槽内绝缘纸24的宽度方向一致，从而在第二绝缘纸252和槽内绝缘纸24安装在定子铁芯21上时，可以通过定子槽210来对槽内绝缘纸24定位的相对两侧，而第二绝缘纸252与定子槽210的侧壁配合，以对槽内绝缘纸24径向的外侧定位，以更好地对层间绝缘纸23进行定位，便于组装与使用。
在一些实施例中，端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251和第二绝缘纸252，第一绝缘纸251设于槽内绝缘纸24靠近定子20的径向内侧的一端，第二绝缘纸252设于槽内绝缘纸24靠近定子20的径向外侧的一端，第一绝缘纸251、第二绝缘纸252和槽内绝缘纸24安装在定子铁芯21上时，可以通过定子槽210的侧壁来对第一绝缘纸251、第二绝缘纸252和槽内绝缘纸24进行限位，以降低层间绝缘纸23的移动风险，便于组装与使用。
在一些实施例中，层间绝缘纸23包括一个槽内绝缘纸24时，由于定子20具有多个定子槽210，则定子20的层间绝缘纸23为多个，多个层间绝缘纸23是呈环形阵列设置，以便在定子20的各定子槽210处均可以安装层间绝缘纸23，从而对各定子槽210中绕组22进行层间绝缘隔离。
请参阅图9，图9为本申请一些实施例的层间绝缘纸23的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，请一并参阅图6和图7，层间绝缘纸23包括多个槽内绝缘纸24，多个槽内绝缘纸24连接成一体。
多个槽内绝缘纸24连接成一体，是指多个槽内绝缘纸24按多个定子槽210对应位置设置并连接形成一体。
设置连接成一体的多个槽内绝缘纸24，在使用时，可以将多个槽内绝缘纸24同步安装在多个定子槽210中，以方便安装使用。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24之间设有用于供定子20的定子齿211穿过的开口241。
开口241是指位于相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24之间的口结构，在使用时，定子齿211可以穿过开口241。
在相邻槽内绝缘纸24之间设置开口241，以方便槽内绝缘纸24安装在定子槽210中，便于安装使用。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24之间设有连接部242，连接部242与槽内绝缘纸24的连接处设有可被折断的易断痕243。
连接部242是指连接相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24的结构部。
易断痕243是指易于被折断的痕迹或连接点。
通过设置连接部242，以便多个槽内绝缘纸24相连，便于移动与安装使用；而设置易断痕243，在安装槽内绝缘纸24时，可以将连接部242拆除，便于使用。
请参阅图10，图10为本申请一些实施例的层间绝缘纸23的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，请一并参阅图6和图7，各槽内绝缘纸24的端部设有端部绝缘纸25，相邻两个端部绝缘纸25相连。
将相邻两个端部绝缘纸25相连，而端部绝缘纸25是与对应的槽内绝缘纸24相连，从而可以实现将多个槽内绝缘纸24相连，以便于加工与使用。
端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251时，可以将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24对应的第一绝缘纸251相连，以实现将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24连接。
端部绝缘纸25包括第二绝缘纸252时，可以将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24对应的第二绝缘纸252相连，以实现将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24连接。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个端部绝缘纸25是一体成型结构。
相邻两个端部绝缘纸25是一体成型，是指相邻两个端部绝缘纸25是一体制作成型，以使相邻两个端部绝缘纸25相连。
将相邻两个端部绝缘纸25设置为一体成型，可以方便加工制作，而且可以将多个槽内绝缘纸24、端部绝缘纸25一体成型制作，便于加工制作。
端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251时，可以将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24对应的第一绝缘纸251一体成型，以实现将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24连接。
端部绝缘纸25包括第二绝缘纸252时，可以将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24对应的第二绝缘纸252一体成型，以实现将相邻两个槽内绝缘纸24连接。
请参阅图11，图11为本申请一些实施例的层间绝缘纸23的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，请一并参阅图6和图7，多个槽内绝缘纸24对应的端部绝缘纸25设置呈环形。
由于定子20具有多个定子槽210，每个定子槽210中需要设置槽内绝缘纸24，以对该定子槽210中的绕组22进行层间绝缘，设置多个槽内绝缘纸24，以便在各定子槽210中设置槽内绝缘纸24。
定子20的定子槽210是环形阵列设置，相应地，定子槽210的径向两端是呈环形。而多个槽内绝缘纸24对应的端部绝缘纸25呈环形设置，可以连接多个槽内绝缘纸24，以便在各定子槽210中安装槽内绝缘纸24，并使端部绝缘纸25对各绕组22的径向端部进行层间绝缘隔离。
将端部绝缘纸25设置成环形，可以连接多个槽内绝缘纸24，在使用时，可以同步在定子20的各定子槽210中安装槽内绝缘纸24，便于组装使用；而且也便于加工制作。
端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251时，环形阵列的多个槽内绝缘纸24对应的第一绝缘纸251是一体成型，也就是说，环形设置的第一绝缘纸251的径向外侧连接多个槽内绝缘纸24。
端部绝缘纸25包括第二绝缘纸252时，环形阵列的多个槽内绝缘纸24对应的第二绝缘纸252是一体成型，也就是说，环形设置的第二绝缘纸252的径向内侧连接多个槽内绝缘纸24。
在一些实施例中，当端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251和第二绝缘纸252，第一绝缘纸251呈环形设置，第二绝缘纸252也呈环形设置，层间绝缘纸23包括多个槽内绝缘纸24，槽内绝缘纸24与定子槽210一一对应时，各槽内绝缘纸24的两端连接第一绝缘纸251和第二绝缘纸252，使用时，可以将整块层间绝缘纸23安装在定子铁芯21上，便于安装与使用。
请参阅图12，图12为本申请一些实施例的层间绝缘纸23的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，请一并参阅图6和图7，层间绝缘纸23包括多个区块230，多个区块230配合呈环形设置，各区块230包括至少一个槽内绝缘纸24。
区块230是指将多个槽内绝缘纸24及对应端部绝缘纸25连接成一体结构，形成的区域。
由于定子20的多个定子槽210对应多个槽内绝缘纸24，定子20的定子槽210是环形阵列设置，相应地，定子20上安装的层间绝缘纸23是形成环形。而将整体呈环形的层间绝缘纸23分成多个区块230，使每个区块230包括一个或多个槽内绝缘纸24， 安装使用更为方便。
将层间绝缘纸23设置呈多个区块230，方便加工制作；另外，定子20的多个定子槽210是环形布局，从而将多个区块230呈环形，可以方便在各定子槽210中安装槽内绝缘纸24，便于在定子20上安装层间绝缘纸23，方便使用。
在一些实施例中，各区块230是一体成型结构。各区块230是一体成型，是指每个区块230一体制作成型，如可以使用较大的绝缘纸冲压成型相应区块230。将各区块230一体成型，以方便加工制作。
定子20上的绕组22一般分为多相绕组22，通过不同的绕组22通电时序变化，以产生变化磁场，从而驱动转子10转动。而变化磁场通常是区域性的，也就是说同一相绕组22往往穿过相邻的几个定子槽210，另外，定子槽210中通常会设置一相或多相绕组22，这使得一些区域的定子槽210中绕组22相间电压差较大，而一些区域的定子槽210中绕组22相间电压差较小。
在一些实施例中，至少两块区块230的耐击穿性能不同。
耐击穿性能又称耐电压击穿性能，是指绝缘纸能承受不被击穿的最大电压的性能。
将至少两块区块230的耐击穿性能设置不同，可以根据定子槽210中绕组22间的电压差的大小来使用不同耐击穿性能的区块230，以降低成本，并使绕组22间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，至少两块区块230的绝缘耐压强度不同。
绝缘耐压强度又称绝缘强度，是指绝缘本身耐受电压的能力。作用在绝缘上的电压超过某临界值时，绝缘将损坏而失去绝缘作用。绝缘体两端所加的电压越高，材料内电荷受到的电场力就越大，越容易发生电离碰撞，造成绝缘体击穿。使绝缘体击穿的最低电压叫做这个绝缘体的击穿电压。使1毫米厚的绝缘材料击穿时，需要加上的电压千伏数叫做绝缘材料的绝缘耐压强度，简称绝缘强度。
将至少两块区块230的绝缘耐压强度设置不同，可以根据定子槽210中绕组22间的电压差的大小来使用不同绝缘耐压强度的区块230，以降低成本，并使绕组22间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，至少两块区块230的厚度不同。
将至少两块区块230的厚度设置不同，可以根据定子槽210中绕组22间的电压差的大小来使用不同厚度的区块230，以降低成本，并使绕组22间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，区块230的厚度范围为0.15毫米(mm)-0.5mm，如可以是0.15mm、0.20mm、0.25mm、0.30mm、0.35mm、0.40mm、0.45mm、0.5mm等。使用厚度为0.15mm-0.5mm的区块230，成本低，且占用定子槽210中空间小，绝缘性能好。而当区块230的厚度小于0.15mm时，其耐击穿性能较弱，易被绕组22层间电压击穿，而导致绝缘失效。当区块230的厚度大于0.5mm时，会占用定子槽210中较大的空间，减小满槽率，导致定子20体积大幅增加，而且还会导致层间绝缘纸23成本的增加。
在一些实施例中，上述区块230包括第一区块2301，第一区块2301的厚度范围为0.2mm-0.3mm；如可以是0.2mm、0.21mm、0.22mm、0.23mm、0.24mm、0.25mm、0.26mm、0.27mm、0.28mm、0.29mm、0.3mm等。
设置第一区块2301，并使第一区块2301的厚度范围为0.2mm-0.3mm，可以在绕 组22间电压差适中的定子槽210中使用第一区块2301，以达到绝缘性能、占用空间与成本更合理分配。当第一区块2301的厚度小于0.2mm时，在绕组22层间电压差适中的区域，可能会产生击穿，而导致绝缘失效；第一区块2301的厚度大于0.3mm时，占用空间会增大，而且会导致层间绝缘纸23成本的增加。
在一些实施例中，上述区块230包括第二区块2302，第二区块2302的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.2mm；如可以是0.15mm、0.16mm、0.17mm、0.18mm、0.19mm、0.20mm等。
设置第二区块2302，并使第二区块2302的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.2mm，可以在绕组22间电压差较小的定子槽210中使用第二区块2302，以达到绝缘性能、占用空间与成本更合理分配。当第二区块2302的厚度小于0.15mm时，第二区块2302的绝缘性能较弱，在绕组22层间电压差较小的区域，也可能会产生击穿，而导致绝缘失效；第二区块2302的厚度大于0.2mm时，占用空间会增大，而且会导致层间绝缘纸23成本的增加。
在一些实施例中，上述区块230包括第三区块2303，第三区块2303的厚度范围为0.3mm-0.5mm，如可以是0.3mm、0.31mm、0.32mm、0.33mm、0.34mm、0.35mm、0.36mm、0.37mm、0.38mm、0.39mm、0.4mm、0.41mm、0.42mm、0.43mm、0.44mm、0.45mm、0.46mm、0.47mm、0.48mm、0.49mm、0.5mm等。
设置第三区块2303，并使第三区块2303的厚度范围为0.3mm-0.5mm，可以在绕组22间电压差较大的定子槽210中使用第三区块2303，以达到绝缘性能、占用空间与成本更合理分配。当第三区块2303的厚度小于0.3mm时，第三区块2303的绝缘性能相对绕组22层间电压差较大的区域来说较弱，可能会产生击穿，而导致绝缘失效；第三区块2303的厚度大于0.5mm时，占用空间会增大，而且会导致层间绝缘纸23成本的增加。
本申请一些实施例提供的层间绝缘纸23，包括多个槽内绝缘纸24，槽内绝缘纸24的端部连接有端部绝缘纸25，端部绝缘纸25和槽内绝缘纸24与定子槽210中安装的绕组22的形状相适配。多个槽内绝缘纸24呈环形阵列设置，端部绝缘纸25包括第一绝缘纸251和第二绝缘纸252，第一绝缘纸251呈环形设置，第二绝缘纸252也呈环形设置，层间绝缘纸23包括多个槽内绝缘纸24，槽内绝缘纸24与定子槽210一一对应时，各槽内绝缘纸24的两端连接第一绝缘纸251和第二绝缘纸252，这使用时，可以将整块层间绝缘纸23安装在定子铁芯21上，便于安装与使用，并且在绕组22安装时，可以减小对层间绝缘纸23的挤压损伤，以使其保持良好的绝缘性能。
本申请一些实施例提供的层间绝缘纸23，包括多个区块230，多个区块230配合呈环形设置，各区块230包括至少一个槽内绝缘纸24，槽内绝缘纸24的端部连接有端部绝缘纸25，端部绝缘纸25和槽内绝缘纸24与定子槽210中安装的绕组22的形状相适配。在绕组22安装时，可以减小对层间绝缘纸23的挤压损伤，以保持良好的绝缘性能。至少两块区块230的耐击穿性能不同，可以根据定子槽210中绕组22间的电压差的大小来使用不同耐击穿性能的区块230，以降低成本，并保持良好地绝缘性能。
请一并参阅图6至图8，根据本申请的一些实施例中，本申请实施例还提供了一种定子20，包括如上任一实施例所述的层间绝缘纸23。通过上述层间绝缘纸23的设置，可以提升定子20中绕组22的层间绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，定子20还包括定子铁芯21和绕组22，定子铁芯21的侧面设有定子齿211，相邻定子齿211之间形成定子槽210，绕组22置于定子槽210中，在绕组22的层间设有上述层间绝缘纸23。在绕组22的层间设置层间绝缘纸23，以使绕组22层间的绝缘性能良好。
在一些实施例中，定子槽210中设有多相绕组22，相邻两相绕组22之间设有上述层间绝缘纸23，以使相间绕组22的绝缘性能良好。
根据本申请的一些实施例中，本申请实施例还提供了一种轴向电机100，包括如上述实施例所述的定子20。
根据本申请的一些实施例中，本申请实施例还提供了一种电驱总成1001，包括如上述实施例所述的轴向电机100。
根据本申请的一些实施例中，本申请实施例还提供了一种驱动设备，包括如上述实施例所述的轴向电机100；或者包括如上述实施例所述的电驱总成1001。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种层间绝缘纸，其特征在于，包括用于置于定子的定子槽中的槽内绝缘纸，所述槽内绝缘纸的端部连接有端部绝缘纸；
    所述端部绝缘纸和所述槽内绝缘纸与所述定子槽中安装的所述绕组的形状相适配。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述端部绝缘纸包括第一绝缘纸，所述第一绝缘纸设于所述槽内绝缘纸用于靠近所述定子的径向内侧的一端。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于，所述第一绝缘纸包括：
    第一内侧段，由所述槽内绝缘纸朝向所述槽内绝缘纸的一侧倾斜延伸设置；以及，
    第二内侧段，由所述第一内侧段远离所述槽内绝缘纸的一端朝向远离所述槽内绝缘纸的方向延伸设置。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于，所述第一内侧段与所述槽内绝缘纸通过第一内侧弧形段过渡连接；和/或，所述第二内侧段与所述第一内侧段通过第二内侧弧形段过渡连接。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述端部绝缘纸包括第二绝缘纸，所述第二绝缘纸设于所述槽内绝缘纸用于靠近所述定子的径向外侧的一端。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于，所述第二绝缘纸包括：
    第一外侧段，由所述槽内绝缘纸朝向所述槽内绝缘纸的一侧倾斜延伸设置；以及，
    第二外侧段，由所述第一外侧段远离所述槽内绝缘纸的一端朝向远离所述槽内绝缘纸的方向延伸设置。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于，所述第一外侧段与所述槽内绝缘纸通过第一外侧弧形段过渡连接；和/或，所述第二外侧段与所述第一外侧段通过第二外侧弧形段过渡连接。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述端部绝缘纸与所述槽内绝缘纸是一体成型结构。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述层间绝缘纸包括多个所述槽内绝缘纸，多个所述槽内绝缘纸连接成一体。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：相邻两个所述槽内绝缘纸之间设有用于供所述定子的定子齿穿过的开口。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：相邻两个所述槽内绝缘纸之间设有连接部，所述连接部与所述槽内绝缘纸的连接处设有可被折断的易断痕。
  12. 如权利要求9-11任一项所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：各所述槽内绝缘纸的端部设有所述端部绝缘纸，相邻两个所述端部绝缘纸相连。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：相邻两个所述端部绝缘纸是一体成型结构。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：多个所述槽内绝缘纸对应的所述端部绝缘纸呈环形设置。
  15. 如权利要求1-14任一项所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述层间绝缘纸包括多个区块，多个所述区块配合呈环形设置，各所述区块包括至少一个所述槽内绝缘纸。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：各所述区块是一体成型结构。
  17. 如权利要求15或16所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：至少两块所述区块的耐击穿性能不同。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：至少两块所述区块的绝缘耐压强度不同。
  19. 如权利要求17或18所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：至少两块所述区块的厚度不同。
  20. 如权利要求15-19任一项所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述区块的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.5mm。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的层间绝缘纸，其特征在于：所述区块包括第一区块，所述第一区块的厚度范围为0.2mm-0.3mm；
    和/或，所述区块包括第二区块，所述第二区块的厚度范围为0.15mm-0.2mm；
    和/或，所述区块包括第三区块，所述第三区块的厚度范围为0.3mm-0.5mm。
  22. 一种定子，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-21任一项所述的层间绝缘纸。
  23. 一种轴向电机，其特征在于：包括如权利要求22所述的定子。
  24. 一种电驱总成，其特征在于：包括如权利要求23所述的轴向电机。
  25. 一种驱动设备，其特征在于：包括如权利要求23所述的轴向电机；或者包括如权利要求24所述的电驱总成。
PCT/CN2024/084859 2023-06-26 2024-03-29 层间绝缘纸、定子、轴向电机、电驱总成及驱动设备 Ceased WO2025001379A1 (zh)

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