WO2024258205A1 - 생분해성 고분자를 포함하는 임플란트, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 위한 조성물 - Google Patents
생분해성 고분자를 포함하는 임플란트, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 위한 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024258205A1 WO2024258205A1 PCT/KR2024/008122 KR2024008122W WO2024258205A1 WO 2024258205 A1 WO2024258205 A1 WO 2024258205A1 KR 2024008122 W KR2024008122 W KR 2024008122W WO 2024258205 A1 WO2024258205 A1 WO 2024258205A1
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- implant
- biodegradable polymer
- pha
- polyhydroxyalkanoate
- copolymerized
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/10—Ceramics or glasses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
- A61L27/34—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/54—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/58—Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/16—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds the macromolecular compounds being biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an implant comprising a biodegradable polymer and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to an orthopedic implant comprising a biodegradable polymer and having improved osteodifferentiation ability and osteointegration ability, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Biodegradable polymers are a material that is gaining attention in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and the environment due to their unique decomposition characteristics.
- biodegradable polymers unlike non-decomposable polymers such as metals and ceramics, they have the advantage of not requiring separate removal surgery after healing because they help the body heal and are eliminated through body metabolism after their function is fulfilled.
- biodegradable polymers are largely divided into natural biodegradable polymers and synthetic biodegradable polymers.
- Natural biodegradable polymers are made from natural materials, so they have excellent biological compatibility and bioadaptability, and relatively less immune response occurs in the body. However, since they have weaker physical strength and durability than synthetic biodegradable polymers, appropriate materials must be used depending on the purpose.
- PGA polyglycolide
- PLLA polylactide
- PCL polycaprolactone
- PLLA polyglycolide
- PLA polylactide
- PCL polycaprolactone
- PLLA polyglycolide
- PLLA polylactide
- PCL polycaprolactone
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2022-0047788 discloses an implant made of a biodegradable composite material containing PLLA, PGA, PCL, or a copolymer thereof.
- Polyhydroxyalkanoate is a bio-derived natural biodegradable polymer produced within microorganisms. It is decomposed within the human body and is non-toxic, so it is evaluated as a safe material. Due to these advantages, it can be applied to various medical materials such as fracture treatment, cardiovascular materials, artificial joints, and surgical tools.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PHH polyhydroxyalkanoate
- each type has different characteristics, so the appropriate material can be selected depending on the application, or a copolymer such as P(3HB-4HB) can be created and applied.
- absorbable implants for fracture treatment containing these bio-derived polymers is expected to make a significant contribution to improving the quality of fracture treatment, thereby shortening the patient's recovery period and reducing the burden during the rehabilitation process. Furthermore, it is expected to contribute to reducing medical costs related to fracture treatment, which is becoming increasingly important in an aging society.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Publication No. 2022-0047788
- the object of the present invention is to provide an implant containing a biodegradable polymer and having strength and stability suitable for orthopedics and excellent osteodifferentiation and osteointegration abilities, a method for producing the same, and a composition therefor.
- the present invention provides an implant comprising a first biodegradable polymer and a second biodegradable polymer, wherein the first biodegradable polymer comprises a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprises 0.1 wt% to 50 wt% of a repeating unit derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- the implant may comprise a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the implant may include a central portion and a covering portion, wherein the covering portion may include the first biodegradable polymer and the central portion may include the second biodegradable polymer.
- the implant includes a central portion and a covering portion, wherein the central portion and the covering portion each include a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the covering portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the covering portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the central portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the central portion.
- the implant comprises at least one intermediate portion disposed between the central portion and the covering portion, the at least one intermediate portion comprising a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the covering portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the covering portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the intermediate portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the intermediate portion, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the intermediate portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the intermediate portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the central portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the central portion.
- the implant may have a porous structure including pores with a size of 10 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate is composed of 2-hydroxybutyrate (2-HB), 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3-HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3-HH), 3-hydroxyheptanoate (3-Hhep), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (3-HO), 3-hydroxynonanoate (3-HN), 3-hydroxydecanoate (3-HD), 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3-HDd), 4-hydroxyvalerate (4-HV), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5-HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6-HH). It may further comprise repeating units derived from one or more monomers selected from the group.
- the first biodegradable polymer may further include one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB), poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P3HH), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P3HB-3HH), poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (P3HO), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate) (P3HB-3HO).
- P3HB poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
- P4HB poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
- P3HH poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HB-3HH poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HO poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)
- P3HB-3HO poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate)
- the second biodegradable polymer is one or a mixture of two or more selected from synthetic biodegradable polymers and natural biodegradable polymers excluding polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), wherein the synthetic biodegradable polymers include polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLCL), poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT); and the natural biodegradable polymers may include starch, silk fibroin, chitosan, chitin, cellulose, collagen, and gelatin.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the synthetic biodegradable polymers include polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLCL), poly(lactic acid-
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be included in an amount of 10 wt% to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the implant may further comprise one or more additives selected from bioactive glass fibers or ceramics.
- the implant further comprises one or more drugs for enhancing bone regeneration, and the drugs may be included by being coated on the surface of the implant, or by being blended with the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, or may be included in a concentration gradient from the surface to the interior of the implant.
- the implant may be manufactured into a specimen having a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 50 mm and may have a measured tensile strength of 40 MPa to 70 MPa and an elongation of 3.2% to 10%.
- the implant may have a roughness on the surface of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m in depth, or may have a grid pattern, wave pattern or stripe pattern with spacing of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the implant can exhibit a cell viability of 70% or more in a cytotoxicity test using an extractant, based on a cell viability of 100% for the extractant control group.
- the implant may be transplanted into a fractured femur tissue of a rat, and the stiffness of the femur tissue harvested two months later may be 120 N/mm or greater.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an implant, comprising the steps of preparing a biodegradable polymer including a first biodegradable polymer and a second biodegradable polymer; and the step of forming an implant using the biodegradable polymer, wherein the first biodegradable polymer includes a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) includes a repeating unit derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- the molding may be injection molding or 3D printing molding.
- the injection molding may be performed under conditions of an extrusion temperature of 100°C to 210°C, an injection temperature of 150°C to 200°C, and an annealing temperature of 80°C to 110°C.
- the 3D printing molding may be performed under the conditions of a printing temperature of 150° C. to 200° C., an injection speed of 200 mm/min to 400 mm/min, a pressure of 200 kPa to 400 kPa, and a printing duration of 60 minutes or less.
- At least one surface treatment step may be additionally included among a step of imparting roughness or a pattern to the surface through blasting, molding, or laser treatment, and a step of imparting hydrophilicity to the surface through plasma treatment.
- the present invention provides an implant composition comprising a first biodegradable polymer and a second biodegradable polymer, wherein the first biodegradable polymer comprises a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprises 0.1 wt% to 50 wt% of a repeating unit derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- the implant according to the present invention comprises a first biodegradable polymer including a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a second biodegradable polymer, and exhibits strength and stability suitable as a material for fixing hard tissues such as orthopedic implants, such as pins, screws, and fixation plates, and has excellent osteogenesis performance and osseointegration performance.
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- Fig. 1a illustrates an implant (11) according to one embodiment.
- Fig. 1b shows an implant (12) according to another embodiment (100: center, 300: covering part).
- Fig. 1c illustrates an implant (13) according to another embodiment (100: center, 200: middle, 300: covering).
- Figure 2 schematically shows the surface roughness of an implant.
- Figure 3 shows the results of a tensile test of the implant.
- Figure 4 shows the results of a cytotoxicity test of the implant.
- Figure 5 shows the results of WST-1 analysis of the implant.
- Figure 6 shows the results of the bone differentiation induction test of the implant.
- Figure 7 illustrates an outline of the rat femur fracture test.
- Figure 8 shows the histopathological analysis results of the rat femur fracture test.
- Figure 9 shows micro-CT 2D and 3D images of a rat femur fracture test.
- Figures 10a and 10b show the results of radiological analysis of a 2-month rat femur sample.
- Figures 11a and 11b show the results of radiological analysis of a 4-month rat femur sample.
- Figures 12a and 12b show the biomechanical analysis results of a rat femur fracture test.
- the implant according to the present invention comprises a biodegradable polymer, and may comprise, for example, a bio-derived polymer.
- the implant may include two or more biodegradable polymers.
- the implant comprises a first biodegradable polymer and a second biodegradable polymer.
- the implant may comprise a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer may be different polymers.
- the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer may each include one or two or more types of biodegradable polymers.
- the first biodegradable polymer is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the above polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) can have properties similar to synthetic polymers derived from existing petroleum, such as polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polybutylene succinate terephthalate (PBST), and polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), and exhibits excellent biodegradability and also excellent biocompatibility.
- PBAT polybutylene adipate terephthalate
- PBS polybutylene succinate
- PBST polybutylene succinate terephthalate
- PBSA polybutylene succinate adipate
- the PHA is a natural polyester-based biodegradable polymer that accumulates in microbial cells and can ultimately be decomposed into carbon dioxide, water, and organic matter.
- an implant manufactured using a biodegradable polymer composition containing the PHA can be utilized in the medical field as an absorbable medical device.
- the above PHA can be formed by enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of one or more monomer repeating units within a living cell.
- the first biodegradable polymer comprises a copolymeric polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the first biodegradable polymer may include one or more copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs).
- PHAs polyhydroxyalkanoates
- the above copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may include a copolymer containing two or more different repeating units in which the different repeating units are randomly distributed in the polymer chain.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises repeating units derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB).
- the content of the 4-HB repeating unit in the copolymer PHA is important. That is, in order to implement the physical properties targeted in the present invention, particularly to enhance degradability in a living body and implement excellent mechanical properties, the content of the 4-HB repeating unit in the copolymer PHA may be important.
- the content of the repeating unit derived from the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be 0.1 wt% or more, 5 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, 12 wt% or more, 13 wt% or more, 15 wt% or more, 17 wt% or more, 18 wt% or more, 20 wt% or more, or 25 wt% or more, and may be 50 wt% or less, 45 wt% or less, 43 wt% or less, 42 wt% or less, 40 wt% or less, or 35 wt% or less.
- the content of the repeating unit derived from the 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is 0.1 wt% to 50 wt%, 1 wt% to 50 wt%, 2 wt% to 50 wt%, 3 wt% to 50 wt%, 5 wt% to 50 wt%, 10 wt% to 50 wt%, 1 wt% to 40 wt%, 1 wt% to 30 wt%, 1 wt% to 29 wt%, 1 wt% to 25 wt%, 1 wt% to 24 wt%, 2 wt% to 20 wt%, 2 wt% to 23 wt%, 3 wt% to 20 wt%, 3 wt% to 15 wt%, 4 wt% to 18 wt%, 5 wt% to 15 wt%, 8 w
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) contains repeating units derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) contains repeating units derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) in an amount of 3 wt% to 20 wt% based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- the copolymer PHA contains at least one 4-HB repeating unit, and the crystallinity of the copolymer PHA can be controlled by controlling the content of the 4-HB repeating unit. That is, the copolymer PHA can be a polymer with controlled crystallinity.
- the above-mentioned copolymer PHA with controlled crystallinity may have controlled crystallinity and amorphousness by increasing irregularity in the molecular structure, and specifically, may be one in which the type of monomer, the ratio of monomers, or the type and/or content of isomers is controlled.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxybutyrate (2-HB), 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3-HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3-HH), 3-hydroxyheptanoate (3-Hhep), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (3-HO), 3-hydroxynonanoate (3-HN), 3-hydroxydecanoate (3-HD), 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3-HDd), 4-hydroxyvalerate (4-HV), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5-HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6-HH). It may further include repeating units derived from one or more monomers.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate may further include one or more repeating units selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3-HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3-HH), 4-hydroxyvalerate (4-HV), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5-HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6-HH).
- the copolymer PHA may include a copolymer comprising repeating units derived from 3-HB and repeating units derived from 4-HB.
- the copolymer PHA may include poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (3HB-co-4HB).
- the content of the repeating unit derived from 3-HB based on the total weight of the copolymerized PHA can be 50 wt% or more, 55 wt% or more, 60 wt% or more, 64 wt% or more, 70 wt% or more, or 75 wt% or more, and can also be 99.9 wt% or less, 99 wt% or less, 95 wt% or less, 90 wt% or less, 85 wt% or less, 80 wt% or less, or 75 wt% or less.
- the copolymer PHA may include isomers.
- the copolymer PHA may include structural isomers, enantiomers, or geometric isomers.
- the PHA may include structural isomers.
- the above copolymer PHA may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of, for example, -45°C to 80°C, -35°C to 80°C, -30°C to 80°C, -25°C to 75°C, -20°C to 70°C, -35°C to 5°C, -25°C to 5°C, -35°C to 0°C, -25°C to 0°C, -30°C to -10°C, -35°C to -15°C, -35°C to -20°C, -20°C to 0°C, -15°C to 0°C or -15°C to -5°C.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the above copolymer PHA may have a crystallization temperature (Tc) that may not be measured, for example, or may be, for example, from 70°C to 120°C, from 75°C to 120°C, from 75°C to 115°C, from 75°C to 110°C or from 90°C to 110°C.
- Tc crystallization temperature
- the above copolymer PHA may have a melting temperature (Tm) that may not be measured, for example, or may be from 100°C to 170°C, from 110°C to 150°C, or from 120°C to 140°C.
- Tm melting temperature
- the above copolymer PHA may have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of, for example, 10,000 g/mol to 1,200,000 g/mol.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer PHA is 50,000 g/mol to 1,200,000 g/mol, 100,000 g/mol to 1,200,000 g/mol, 50,000 g/mol to 1,000,000 g/mol, 100,000 g/mol to 900,000 g/mol, 200,000 g/mol to 1,200,000 g/mol, 250,000 g/mol to 1,150,000 g/mol, 300,000 g/mol to 1,100,000 g/mol, 350,000 g/mol to 1,000,000 g/mol, 350,000 g/mol to 950,000 g/mol, 100,000 g/mol to 900,000 g/mol, 200,000 g/mol to 800,000 g/mol, 200,000 g/mol to 700,000 g/mol, 250,000 g/mol to 6
- the copolymer PHA can be a crystalline or semi-crystalline PHA.
- the crystalline or semi-crystalline PHA can contain, for example, 1 wt% to 25 wt% of the 4-HB repeating unit based on the total weight of the copolymer PHA.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the crystalline or semi-crystalline PHA can be, for example, -20°C to 0°C
- the crystallization temperature (Tc) can be, for example, 75°C to 115°C
- Tm melting temperature
- the first biodegradable polymer may further include one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB), poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P3HH), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P3HB-3HH), poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (P3HO), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate) (P3HB-3HO).
- P3HB poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
- P4HB poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
- P3HH poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HB-3HH poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HO poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)
- P3HB-3HO poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate)
- the first biodegradable polymer may further comprise one or more short-chain or medium-chain copolymer polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs).
- PHAs polyhydroxyalkanoates
- the second biodegradable polymer may be a mixture of one or more selected from synthetic biodegradable polymers and natural biodegradable polymers excluding polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- Examples of the above synthetic biodegradable polymers may include polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLCL), poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polybutylenesuccinate (PBS), and poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT).
- PLA polylactic acid
- PCL polycaprolactone
- PGA polyglycolic acid
- PLCL poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone)
- PLA poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)
- PBS polybutylenesuccinate
- PBAT poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate)
- examples of the natural biodegradable polymers may include starch, silk fibroin, chitosan, chitin, cellulose, collagen, and gelatin.
- the second biodegradable polymer may be polylactide (PLA).
- the second biodegradable polymer may include one or more types of polylactide (PLA).
- PLA polylactide
- the second biodegradable polymer may include poly-L-lactide (PLLA), poly-D-lactide (PDLA), poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA), or blends thereof.
- PLLA poly-L-lactide
- PDLA poly-D-lactide
- PDLLA poly-DL-lactide
- Polylactide (PLA) has high strength but low flexibility, making it prone to fractures. However, by blending it with copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), flexibility is provided, which can improve implant stability, bone formation performance, and osseointegration performance.
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the above implant may further include one or more additives and/or drugs in addition to the biodegradable polymer.
- the implant may further comprise one or more additives selected from, but not limited to, bioactive glass fibers or ceramics.
- the bioactive ceramics may include hydroxyapatite (HAP), wollastonite, tricalcium phosphate (TCP), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), etc.
- HAP hydroxyapatite
- TCP tricalcium phosphate
- DCPD dicalcium phosphate dihydrate
- TTCP tetracalcium phosphate
- OCP octacalcium phosphate
- ACP amorphous calcium phosphate
- the implant may further comprise one or more drugs for enhancing bone regeneration.
- the drugs may include tricalcium phosphate (TCP), beta-tricalcium phosphate ( ⁇ -TCP), hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HTCP), deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), etc.
- TCP tricalcium phosphate
- ⁇ -TCP beta-tricalcium phosphate
- HTCP hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate
- dNTPs deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates
- BMPs bone morphogenetic proteins
- Ca calcium
- Mg magnesium
- the drug may be included as a coating on the surface of the implant.
- the drug may be included blended with the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the drug may be included in a concentration gradient from the surface to the interior of the implant, for example, the drug may be included such that the concentration of the drug gradually decreases from the surface to the interior, in which case the drug release amount may be initially fast and then gradually decrease.
- Figure 1a illustrates an implant according to one embodiment.
- the implant (11) may have a single-layer configuration.
- the implant may comprise a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the content of the first biodegradable polymer may be 0.1 wt% or more, 0.5 wt% or more, 1 wt% or more, 3 wt% or more, 5 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, 15 wt% or more, 20 wt% or more, or 25 wt% or more, and may also be 50 wt% or less, 45 wt% or less, 40 wt% or less, 35 wt% or less, 30 wt% or less, or 25 wt% or less, based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer (i.e., total blend weight).
- the content of the first biodegradable polymer may be 0.1 wt% to 50 wt%, 1 wt% to 50 wt%, 5 wt% to 50 wt%, 10 wt% to 50 wt%, 15 wt% to 50 wt%, 20 wt% to 50 wt%, 25 wt% to 50 wt%, 0.1 wt% to 40 wt%, 5 wt% to 40 wt%, 15 wt% to 40 wt%, 25 wt% to 40 wt%, 5 wt% to 35 wt%, 15 wt% to 35 wt%, or 25 wt% to 35 wt%, based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the content of the second biodegradable polymer may be 50 wt% or more, 55 wt% or more, 60 wt% or more, 64 wt% or more, 70 wt% or more, or 75 wt% or more, and may also be 99.9 wt% or less, 99 wt% or less, 95 wt% or less, 90 wt% or less, 85 wt% or less, 80 wt% or less, or 75 wt% or less, and specifically may be 50 wt% to 90 wt%.
- the weight ratio of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer can be 0.1:99.9 to 50:50, 1:99 to 50:50, 5:95 to 50:50, 5:95 to 40:60, 10:90 to 50:50, 15:85 to 40:60, 20:80 to 40:60, or 25:75 to 40:60.
- the implant may comprise a blend of a first biodegradable polymer comprising the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a second biodegradable polymer.
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the content of the above copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be 0.1 wt% or more, 0.5 wt% or more, 1 wt% or more, 3 wt% or more, 5 wt% or more, 10 wt% or more, 15 wt% or more, 20 wt% or more, or 25 wt% or more, and may also be 50 wt% or less, 45 wt% or less, 40 wt% or less, 35 wt% or less, 30 wt% or less, or 25 wt% or less, based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the content of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) can be 0.1 wt% to 50 wt%, 1 wt% to 50 wt%, 5 wt% to 50 wt%, 10 wt% to 50 wt%, 15 wt% to 50 wt%, 20 wt% to 50 wt%, 25 wt% to 50 wt%, 0.1 wt% to 40 wt%, 5 wt% to 40 wt%, 15 wt% to 40 wt%, 25 wt% to 40 wt%, 5 wt% to 35 wt%, 15 wt% to 35 wt%, or 25 wt% to 35 wt%, based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) may be included in an amount of 10 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the first biodegradable polymer may be polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and the second biodegradable polymer may be polylactide (PLA).
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- PLA polylactide
- the weight ratio of the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and the polylactide (PLA) can be 0.1:99.9 to 50:50, 1:99 to 50:50, 5:95 to 50:50, 5:95 to 40:60, 10:90 to 50:50, 15:85 to 40:60, 20:80 to 40:60, or 25:75 to 40:60.
- Figure 1b illustrates an implant according to another embodiment.
- the implant (12) according to the other embodiment includes a central portion (100) and a covering portion (300).
- the covering portion may comprise the first biodegradable polymer, and the central portion may comprise the second biodegradable polymer.
- the central portion and the covering portion each include a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the covering portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the covering portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the central portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the central portion.
- the central portion and the covering portion each comprise the first biodegradable polymer, the second biodegradable polymer, or a blend thereof, and a weight ratio of the first biodegradable polymer to the second biodegradable polymer included in the covering portion may be greater than a weight ratio of the first biodegradable polymer to the second biodegradable polymer included in the central portion.
- the size and thickness of the central portion and the covering portion may vary depending on the content ratio of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer included in the implant.
- Figure 1c illustrates an implant according to another embodiment.
- an implant (13) according to another embodiment includes a central portion (100), a covering portion (300), and one or more intermediate portions (200) disposed therebetween.
- the covering portion may have the highest content of the first biodegradable polymer
- the central portion may have the highest content of the second biodegradable polymer
- the one or more intermediate portions may have a higher content of the first biodegradable polymer the closer they are to the covering portion, and a higher content of the second biodegradable polymer the closer they are to the central portion.
- the covering portion may comprise the first biodegradable polymer, and the central portion may comprise the second biodegradable polymer.
- the central portion and the covering portion each include a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the covering portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the covering portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the central portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the central portion.
- the implant comprises at least one intermediate portion disposed between the central portion and the covering portion, wherein the at least one intermediate portion comprises a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the covering portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the covering portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the intermediate portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the intermediate portion, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the intermediate portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the intermediate portion may be greater than the content of the first biodegradable polymer included in the central portion based on the total weight of the blend included in the central portion.
- the central portion, the intermediate portion, and the covering portion may each include the first biodegradable polymer, the second biodegradable polymer, or a blend thereof.
- a weight ratio of the first biodegradable polymer to the second biodegradable polymer included in each of the central portion, the intermediate portion, and the covering portion may be highest in the central portion and lowest in the covering portion.
- a weight ratio of the second biodegradable polymer to the first biodegradable polymer included in each of the central portion, the intermediate portion, and the covering portion may be highest in the central portion and lowest in the covering portion.
- the implant comprises two or more intermediate portions disposed between the central portion and the covering portion, wherein the two or more intermediate portions each comprise a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer, and the content of the first biodegradable polymer contained in each intermediate portion based on the total weight of the blend contained in each intermediate portion may be higher the closer the intermediate portion is to the covering portion. Additionally, the content of the second biodegradable polymer contained in each intermediate portion based on the total weight of the blend contained in each intermediate portion may be higher the closer the intermediate portion is to the central portion.
- the covering portion may be made of the first biodegradable polymer (e.g., PHA), and the mixing ratio of the second biodegradable polymer (e.g., PLA) may gradually increase toward the center.
- the difference in the content of the first biodegradable polymer or the second biodegradable polymer that increases or decreases for each intermediate portion may be, for example, 5 wt% to 50 wt%.
- the size and thickness of the central portion, the middle portion, and the covering portion may vary depending on the content ratio of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer included in the implant.
- the shape of the above implant is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, cylindrical (or pin-shaped), square column-shaped, or plate-shaped.
- the above implant may have a porous structure.
- the implant may include a plurality of pores.
- the implant may have a porous structure including pores with a size of 10 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the implant may have a rough surface or a pattern.
- the implant may have a uniform roughness on its surface.
- the implant may have a roughness of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m in depth on the surface. More specifically, the implant may have micro-concave portions of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m in depth and 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m in spacing on the surface.
- the implant may additionally have a small roughness within a large roughness on its surface. More specifically, the implant may have a first micro-roughness having a depth of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and a spacing of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m on its surface, and may have a second micro-roughness having a depth of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m and a spacing of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m on the surface of the first micro-roughness (see FIG. 2).
- the implant may have a pattern on its surface.
- the implant may have a grid pattern, wave pattern or stripe pattern with a spacing of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m on the surface.
- the implant according to the present invention comprises a first biodegradable polymer including a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a second biodegradable polymer, and exhibits strength and stability suitable as a material for fixing hard tissues such as orthopedic implants, such as pins, screws, and fixation plates, and has excellent osteogenesis performance and osseointegration performance.
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the tensile strength of the implant may be 35 MPa or more, 40 MPa or more, 45 MPa or more, or 50 MPa or more, and may also be 75 MPa or less, 70 MPa or less, 65 MPa or less, or 60 MPa or less.
- the tensile strength of the implant may be from 40 MPa to 70 MPa. More specifically, the tensile strength of the implant may be from 40 MPa to 60 MPa, or from 50 MPa to 60 MPa.
- the elongation of the implant may be 2% or more, 3% or more, 3.2% or more, or 4% or more, and may also be 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, or 5% or less.
- the elongation of the implant may be from 3.2% to 10%. More specifically, the elongation of the implant may be from 3.2% to 7%.
- the tensile strength and elongation of the above implant can be measured by manufacturing a specimen having a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 50 mm, for example.
- the implant can exhibit a cell viability of 70% or more based on the cell viability of 100% of the dissolution solvent control group in a cytotoxicity test using the dissolution solution.
- the implant can exhibit a cell viability of 75% or more, 80% or more, or 81% or more based on the cell viability of 100% of the dissolution solvent control group in a cytotoxicity test using the dissolution solution.
- the implant can exhibit a cell viability of 70% to 90%, 80% to 90%, or 81% to 90% based on the cell viability of 100% of the dissolution solvent control group in a cytotoxicity test using the dissolution solution.
- the cell viability is measured after 48 hours, and the cell viability can be expressed as a relative value when the cell viability of the control group in which only the dissolution solvent was treated to cells is set to 100%.
- the dissolution solvent e.g., cell culture medium
- the stiffness of the femur tissue harvested 2 months after the implant is transplanted into the fractured femur tissue of the rat may be 120 N/mm or more.
- the stiffness of the femur tissue harvested 2 months after the implant is transplanted into the fractured femur tissue of the rat may be 130 N/mm or more.
- the stiffness of the femur tissue harvested 2 months after the implant is transplanted into the fractured femur tissue of the rat may be 120 N/mm to 500 N/mm, 130 N/mm to 500 N/mm, 130 N/mm to 400 N/mm, or 150 N/mm to 300 N/mm.
- the stiffness of the femur tissue harvested 4 months after transplanting the implant into the fractured femur tissue of a rat may be 170 N/mm or more.
- the stiffness of the femur tissue harvested 4 months after transplanting the implant into the fractured femur tissue of a rat may be 170 N/mm to 700 N/mm, 200 N/mm to 600 N/mm, or 250 N/mm to 500 N/mm.
- the stiffness of the femoral tissue can be measured, for example, by a three-point bending test using a biomechanical tester, and can be tested by applying a standard (ASTM F1161, ASTM F382) generally used for ceramic or fracture plate tests.
- ASTM F1161, ASTM F382 a standard
- the specimen is placed on a test jig with the fracture site located on the upper jig in which the gap of the lower span (support span) is set to 16 mm, and the stiffness can be measured by applying a load of 3 kN at a speed of 5 mm/min until the specimen is broken.
- a method for manufacturing an implant according to the present invention comprises the steps of: preparing a biodegradable polymer including a first biodegradable polymer and a second biodegradable polymer; and forming an implant using the biodegradable polymer, wherein the first biodegradable polymer includes a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) includes a repeating unit derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- the molding may be injection molding.
- the above injection molding may be performed by, for example, extrusion using a twin screw extruder or a single screw extruder, followed by injection using an injection molding machine, and then post-processing such as annealing.
- the mold used for the above injection molding may be, for example, a cold runner mold, a hot runner mold, or a pinpoint mold.
- the temperature during the extrusion can be, for example, 100°C to 210°C
- the main screw rpm range can be, for example, 100 rpm to 250 rpm
- the feeder rpm range can be, for example, 4 rpm to 40 rpm.
- the temperature during the injection can be, for example, 150°C to 200°C
- the injection pressure can be, for example, 1000 bar to 1800 bar
- the injection speed can be, for example, 0.5 mm/s to 100 mm/s
- the holding pressure range can be, for example, 300 bar to 1200 bar
- the holding pressure time can be, for example, 1 s to 10 s.
- the temperature during the above annealing may be, for example, 80°C to 110°C, and the annealing time may be, for example, 30 minutes to 2 hours.
- the molding may be a 3D printing molding.
- the printing temperature of the above 3D printing molding may be, for example, 150°C to 200°C
- the injection speed may be, for example, 200 mm/min to 400 mm/min
- the pressure may be, for example, 200 kPa to 400 kPa
- the printing duration may be performed under conditions of, for example, within 60 minutes.
- the implant surface may be modified to enhance cell adhesion and strengthen fixation within tissues.
- a step of imparting roughness or a pattern to the surface through blasting, molding, or laser treatment may be additionally included.
- a step of imparting hydrophilicity to the surface through plasma treatment may be additionally included.
- the step of imparting roughness or a pattern to the surface through blasting, molding, or laser treatment; and the step of imparting hydrophilicity to the surface through plasma treatment may be additionally included.
- the composition for implant according to the present invention comprises a first biodegradable polymer and a second biodegradable polymer, wherein the first biodegradable polymer comprises a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), and the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprises a repeating unit derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).
- PHA copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate
- 4-HB 4-hydroxybutyrate
- the implant composition may comprise a blend of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxybutyrate (2-HB), 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3-HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3-HH), 3-hydroxyheptanoate (3-Hhep), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (3-HO), 3-hydroxynonanoate (3-HN), 3-hydroxydecanoate (3-HD), 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3-HDd), 4-hydroxyvalerate (4-HV), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5-HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6-HH). It may further comprise repeating units derived from one or more selected monomers.
- the first biodegradable polymer may further comprise one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB), poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P3HH), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P3HB-3HH), poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (P3HO), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate) (P3HB-3HO).
- P3HB poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
- P4HB poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
- P3HH poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HB-3HH poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HO poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)
- P3HB-3HO poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate)
- the second biodegradable polymer is one or a mixture of two or more selected from synthetic biodegradable polymers and natural biodegradable polymers excluding polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), wherein the synthetic biodegradable polymers include polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLCL), poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT); and the natural biodegradable polymers may include starch, silk fibroin, chitosan, chitin, cellulose, collagen, and gelatin.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the synthetic biodegradable polymers include polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone) (PLCL), poly(lactic acid-
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) can be included in an amount of 10 wt% to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the first biodegradable polymer and the second biodegradable polymer.
- the implant composition may further comprise one or more additives selected from bioactive glass fibers or ceramics.
- composition for implant may further include one or more drugs for enhancing bone regeneration.
- first biodegradable polymer the second biodegradable polymer, the mixing ratio thereof, the content of repeating units derived from 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-HB) in the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), the types and contents of the additives and drugs, etc. are as exemplified in the description of the implant above.
- composition for implant can be used to manufacture an implant according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for example, can be used to manufacture an implant according to the method described above.
- - PLA PLLA (BBCA)
- PLLA and P (3HB-4HB) were compounded at different weight ratios as shown in the table below.
- Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 P(3HB-4HB) 30 20 10 - PLLA 70 80 90 100 Total content 100 100 100 100 100 100
- Compounding was performed using the following two types of twin screw extruders.
- Drying was carried out overnight at 60°C and then at 80°C for 6 hours.
- the injection conditions were temperature: 160 to 180°C, mold temperature: 30 to 70°C, pressure: 1100 to 1500 bar, injection speed: 5 to 120 mm/s, holding pressure: 300 to 600 bar, holding pressure time: 3 s, metering amount: 12 to 15 mm, metering speed: 40 rpm, back pressure: 40 bar, holding pressure changeover time: 10 s, and cooling time: 15 to 30 s.
- pin-shaped implants with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 50 mm were manufactured in various compositions.
- the equipment used was UTM (Instron 34SC-1), and the implant specimens were manufactured in the shape of pins with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 50 mm.
- the test conditions were a load cell load of 1 kN, a jig distance of 20 mm, and a tensile speed of 20 mm/min. The test results are shown in the table below and Fig. 3.
- Example 1 Example 2
- Example 3 Comparative Example 1 tensile strength MPa 56.9 56.4 58.2 61.7 Elongation % 5.0 5.1 5.5 3.1
- Examples 1 to 3 containing 10 to 30 wt% of P(3HB-4HB) have almost no difference in tensile strength compared to Comparative Example 1 containing no P(3HB-4HB) at all, while the elongation increases, imparting flexibility to the material, confirming its suitability as an implant material.
- Cytotoxicity evaluation was conducted based on the 'Considerations for GLP Application to Medical Device Biological Safety Tests (Cytotoxicity Test Guidelines)' published by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety based on the international standard ISO 10993-1:12. Based on the contents of the guideline, positive control substances, negative control substances, dissolution conditions, cell lines, etc. were used as follows.
- WI-38 human lung fibroblast cell line
- Cytotoxicity assessment is divided into direct and indirect methods.
- the direct method is a test that checks for changes in cells by directly contacting the test sample with the cells
- the indirect method is a test that dissolves the test sample in cell culture medium, treats the cells with the dissolved solution, and observes changes in the cells after 48 hours.
- cells were seeded into a 24-well plate and checked to see if the cells had grown to 80% after 24 hours in the incubator. After that, in the case of the direct method, the test sample was inserted into the plate while the cell was being cultured, and in the case of the indirect method, the cell culture medium was replaced with the eluate. After 48 hours of incubation, the changes in the cells were observed.
- the direct method was analyzed using the Live/Dead Cell fluorescence staining method, and the indirect method was analyzed qualitatively by observing cell morphology, followed by quantitative analysis using the WST-1 assay. During the analysis, the evaluation was conducted according to the guidelines.
- Example 1 the cell morphology after the test according to the indirect method was observed and is shown in Fig. 4.
- Example 1 the cells were attached while maintaining the fibroblast morphology and were seen to have proliferated by more than 80%.
- Comparative Example 1 it was confirmed that the cells proliferated a lot similar to the negative control group and filled the culture plate.
- Test Example 3 Induction of osteogenic differentiation ( in vitro )
- the osteogenic differentiation induction test is a test to determine the degree of osteogenic differentiation when the test sample is directly contacted with bone cells, and was conducted using the cell line SaOS-2 (human osteosarcoma cell line).
- the cell culture medium (bone formation promotion medium used) was replaced once every three days, and after culturing for two weeks, the degree of osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by performing an Alizarin Red stain to determine whether calcium was produced.
- Test Example 4 Femur fracture in rat ( in vivo )
- FIG. 7 A model of a rat femur fracture test is illustrated in Fig. 7 and summarized in the table below.
- Histopathological analysis was performed by H&E staining of femur samples to confirm basic bone morphology, fracture site changes, implant bone contact surface, and new bone formation through microscopic findings. Radiological analysis was performed based on micro CT images to evaluate the degree of femur osteounion. Biomechanical analysis was performed by fixing the femur samples to a biomechanical test machine and performing a three-point bending experiment.
- the radiological analysis of the collected femur samples was conducted with the analysis team of the Osong Medical Industry Promotion Foundation (KBio Health). The radiological analysis was performed using micro CT, and the bone union of the osteotomy surface was confirmed with 2D and 3D images, and the gap of the fracture surface, bone bridge, and hypertrophy patterns were analyzed. In addition, the callus volume, a quantitative parameter of bone union, and the bone marrow density (BMD), a qualitative parameter, were measured in the ROI (range of interest) area of the osteotomy site using micro CT, to analyze the degree of bone union.
- ROI range of interest
- Comparative Example 1 As a result of the 4-month test, in Comparative Example 1, a gap in the fracture surface was observed in 2 out of 3 samples, and a main bridge was observed in 1 sample. In Example 1, a gap in the fracture surface was observed in 1 out of 3 samples, and a main bridge was observed in 2 samples. In conclusion, in Comparative Example 1, bone union was achieved in 1 out of 3 samples, and in Example 1, bone union was achieved in 2 out of 3 samples.
- Example 1 Bone volume (mm 2 ) tissue volume (mm 3 ) Bone volume/tissue volume (%) BMD (g/cm 3 ) #1 76.59 529.20 14.47 0.5475 #2 63.31 529.20 11.96 0.5190 #3 35.43 529.20 6.69 0.4619 #4 47.83 529.20 12.82 0.5103 average 60.79 529.20 0.11 0.5097 Standard Deviation 15.40 0.00 0.03 0.0308
- Example 1 Bone volume (mm 2 ) tissue volume (mm 3 ) Bone volume/tissue volume (%) BMD (g/cm 3 ) #1 41.184 529.20 7.8 0.476 #2 68.929 529.20 13.0 0.537 #3 45.963 529.20 8.7 0.486 average 52.025 529.20 9.83 0.500 Standard Deviation 12.111 0.00 0.02 0.027
- the collected femur samples were subjected to a three-point bending test using a biomechanical test machine. Through this, the biomechanical properties were evaluated by measuring the stiffness (N/mm), maximum load (N), and maximum deformation (mm) of the samples.
- the three-point bending biomechanical test was conducted with reference to the standards commonly used for testing ceramics or fracture plates (ASTM F1161 Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature, ASTM F382 Standard Specification and Test Method for Metallic Bone Plates).
- test conditions The specific test conditions and test methods are as follows.
- the specimen (animal specimen) was placed on a test jig with the fracture site located on the upper jig, with the gap of the lower span (support span) set to 16 mm. A load of 3 kN was applied to the specimen at a rate of 5 mm/min. The test was performed until the specimen was broken, and the load and displacement values were recorded.
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Abstract
Description
| 구 분 | 실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 비교예 1 |
| P(3HB-4HB) | 30 | 20 | 10 | - |
| PLLA | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
| 총 함량 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 구분 | 단위 | 실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 비교예 1 |
| 인장강도 | MPa | 56.9 | 56.4 | 58.2 | 61.7 |
| 신율 | % | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 3.1 |
| P(3HB-4HB) : PLLA = 3 : 7 | ||||
| P(3HB-4HB) 내 4HB 함량 | (%) | 6 | 8 | 10 |
| 인장강도 | (MPa) | 61.46 | 56.88 | 56.52 |
| 신율 | (%) | 6.31 | 6.27 | 6.11 |
| 구분 | None | 양성대조군 | 음성대조군 | 비교예 1 (PLA) |
실시예 1 (PLA 7 : PHA 3) |
| 결과 | 이상 無 | 죽은 세포 확인 | 이상 無 | 이상 無 | 이상 無 |
| 0개월 | 2개월 | 4개월 |
| 비교예 1(PLA 100%)의 임플란트를 12마리에 식립 | 6마리 희생 | 6마리 희생 |
| 조직병리학적 분석 3마리, 영상의학적, 생역학적 분석 3마리 | 조직병리학적 분석 3마리, 영상의학적, 생역학적 분석 3마리 | |
| 실시예 1(PLA/PHA=7:3) 임플란트를 13마리에 식립 | 7마리 희생 | 6마리 희생 |
| 조직병리학적 분석 3마리, 영상의학적, 생역학적 분석 4마리 | 조직병리학적 분석 3마리, 영상의학적, 생역학적 분석 3마리 |
| 비교예 1 (PLA 100%) |
골 부피 (mm2) |
조직 부피 (mm3) |
골 부피/조직 부피 (%) |
BMD (g/cm3) |
| #1 | 71.71 | 529.20 | 13.55 | 0.4005 |
| #2 | 74.58 | 529.20 | 14.09 | 0.5420 |
| #3 | 46.21 | 529.20 | 8.73 | 0.5420 |
| 평균 | 64.17 | 529.20 | 0.12 | 0.4900 |
| 표준 편차 | 12.75 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.0667 |
| 실시예 1 (PLA/PHA=7:3) |
골 부피 (mm2) |
조직 부피 (mm3) |
골 부피/조직 부피 (%) |
BMD (g/cm3) |
| #1 | 76.59 | 529.20 | 14.47 | 0.5475 |
| #2 | 63.31 | 529.20 | 11.96 | 0.5190 |
| #3 | 35.43 | 529.20 | 6.69 | 0.4619 |
| #4 | 47.83 | 529.20 | 12.82 | 0.5103 |
| 평균 | 60.79 | 529.20 | 0.11 | 0.5097 |
| 표준 편차 | 15.40 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.0308 |
| 비교예 1 (PLA 100%) |
골 부피 (mm2) |
조직 부피 (mm3) |
골 부피/조직 부피 (%) |
BMD (g/cm3) |
| #1 | 22.487 | 529.20 | 4.2 | 0.437 |
| #2 | 60.059 | 529.20 | 11.3 | 0.513 |
| #3 | 22.487 | 529.20 | 4.2 | 0.490 |
| 평균 | 35.011 | 529.20 | 6.62 | 0.480 |
| 표준 편차 | 17.712 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.032 |
| 실시예 1 (PLA/PHA=7:3) |
골 부피 (mm2) |
조직 부피 (mm3) |
골 부피/조직 부피 (%) |
BMD (g/cm3) |
| #1 | 41.184 | 529.20 | 7.8 | 0.476 |
| #2 | 68.929 | 529.20 | 13.0 | 0.537 |
| #3 | 45.963 | 529.20 | 8.7 | 0.486 |
| 평균 | 52.025 | 529.20 | 9.83 | 0.500 |
| 표준 편차 | 12.111 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.027 |
| 비교예 1 (PLA 100%) |
스티프니스 (N/mm) |
최대 하중 (N) |
최대 변형 (mm) |
| #1 | 117.39 | 79.08 | 1.42 |
| #2 | 112.36 | 91.82 | 1.31 |
| #3 | 58.26 | 54.07 | 1.91 |
| 평균 | 96.00 | 74.99 | 1.55 |
| 표준 편차 | 26.77 | 15.68 | 0.26 |
| 실시예 1 (PLA/PHA=7:3) |
스티프니스 (N/mm) |
최대 하중 (N) |
최대 변형 (mm) |
| #1 | 132.71 | 88.01 | 0.72 |
| #2 | 130.19 | 103.48 | 1.10 |
| #3 | 425.79 | 117.05 | 0.57 |
| #4 | 137.96 | 95.83 | 1.05 |
| 평균 | 206.66 | 101.09 | 0.86 |
| 표준 편차 | 126.54 | 10.71 | 0.22 |
| 비교예 1 (PLA 100%) |
스티프니스 (N/mm) |
최대 하중 (N) |
최대 변형 (mm) |
| #1 | 715.05 | 144.88 | 0.30 |
| #2 | 68.94 | 88.66 | 2.07 |
| #3 | 183.09 | 135.83 | 0.86 |
| 평균 | 322.36 | 123.12 | 1.08 |
| 표준 편차 | 281.56 | 24.65 | 0.74 |
| 실시예 1 (PLA/PHA=7:3) |
스티프니스 (N/mm) |
최대 하중 (N) |
최대 변형 (mm) |
| #1 | 617.49 | 211.21 | 0.64 |
| #2 | 176.79 | 142.46 | 1.36 |
| #3 | 236.02 | 172.86 | 1.07 |
| 평균 | 343.43 | 175.51 | 1.02 |
| 표준 편차 | 195.29 | 28.13 | 0.30 |
Claims (22)
- 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 제 2 생분해성 고분자를 포함하고,상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자는 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하고,상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는 4-하이드록시부티레이트(4-HB)로부터 유래된 반복단위를 상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA) 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 50 중량%로 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 상기 제 2 생분해성 고분자의 블랜드를 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는 중심부 및 피복부를 포함하고,상기 피복부는 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자를 포함하고,상기 중심부는 상기 제 2 생분해성 고분자를 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는 중심부 및 피복부를 포함하고,상기 중심부 및 상기 피복부는 각각 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 상기 제 2 생분해성 고분자의 블랜드를 포함하고,상기 피복부에 포함된 블랜드 총 중량을 기준으로 한 상기 피복부에 포함된 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자의 함량이, 상기 중심부에 포함된 블랜드 총 중량을 기준으로 한 상기 중심부에 포함된 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자의 함량보다 많은, 임플란트.
- 제 4 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는 상기 중심부 및 상기 피복부 사이에 배치되는 하나 이상의 중간부를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 중간부는 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 상기 제 2 생분해성 고분자의 블랜드를 포함하고,상기 피복부에 포함된 블랜드 총 중량을 기준으로 한 상기 피복부에 포함된 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자의 함량이, 상기 중간부에 포함된 블랜드 총 중량을 기준으로 한 상기 중간부에 포함된 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자의 함량보다 많고,상기 중간부에 포함된 블랜드 총 중량을 기준으로 한 상기 중간부에 포함된 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자의 함량이, 상기 중심부에 포함된 블랜드 총 중량을 기준으로 한 상기 중심부에 포함된 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자의 함량보다 많은, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는10 nm 내지 10 ㎛ 크기의 기공들을 포함하는 다공성 구조를 가지는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는 2-하이드록시부티레이트(2-HB), 3-하이드록시부티레이트(3-HB), 3-하이드록시프로피오네이트(3-HP), 3-하이드록시발레레이트(3-HV), 3-하이드록시헥사노에이트(3-HH), 3-하이드록시헵타노에이트(3-Hhep), 3-하이드록시옥타노에이트(3-HO), 3-하이드록시노나노에이트(3-HN), 3-하이드록시데카노에이트(3-HD), 3-하이드록시도데카노에이트(3-HDd), 4-하이드록시발레레이트(4-HV), 5-하이드록시발레레이트(5-HV) 및 6-하이드록시헥사노에이트(6-HH)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 모노머로부터 유래된 반복단위를 더 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자는 폴리(3-하이드록시부티레이트)(P3HB), 폴리(4-하이드록시부티레이트)(P4HB), 폴리(3-하이드록시헥사노에이트)(P3HH), 폴리(3-하이드록시부티레이트-co-3-하이드록시헥사노에이트)(P3HB-3HH), 폴리(3-하이드록시옥타노에이트)(P3HO) 및 폴리(3-하이드록시부티레이트-co-3-하이드록시옥타노에이트)(P3HB-3HO)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상의 고분자를 더 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 제 2 생분해성 고분자는폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 제외한 합성 생분해성 고분자 및 천연 생분해성 고분자 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종 이상의 혼합물이고,상기 합성 생분해성 고분자는 폴리락트산(PLA), 폴리카프로락톤(PCL), 폴리글리콜산(PGA), 폴리(락트산-co-카프로락톤)(PLCL), 폴리(락트산-co-글리콜산)(PLGA), 폴리부틸렌석시네이트(PBS), 및 폴리(부틸렌아디페이트-co-테레프탈레이트)(PBAT)을 포함하고;상기 천연 생분해성 고분자는 전분(Starch), 실크피브로인, 키토산, 키틴, 셀룰로오스, 콜라겐, 및 젤라틴을 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는, 상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 상기 제 2 생분해성 고분자의 총 중량을 기준으로, 10 중량% 내지 50 중량%의 양으로 포함되는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는 생체활성의 유리섬유 또는 세라믹 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 첨가제를 더 포함하는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는 1종 이상의 골재생능 향상을 위한 약물을 더 포함하고,상기 약물은상기 임플란트의 표면에 코팅되어 포함되거나,상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 제 2 생분해성 고분자와 블랜딩되어 포함되거나, 또는상기 임플란트의 표면에서 내부까지 농도 구배로 포함되는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는직경 1.5 mm 및 길이 50 mm의 시편으로 제작하여 측정된 인장강도가 40 MPa 내지 70 MPa이고, 신율이 3.2% 내지 10%인, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는표면에 깊이 1 ㎛ 내지 10 ㎛의 거칠기를 갖거나, 또는간격 1 ㎛ 내지 10 ㎛의 격자 무늬, 물결 무늬 또는 줄 무늬를 갖는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트는용출액을 이용한 세포 독성 시험에서 용출용매 대조군의 세포 생존율 100%를 기준으로 70% 이상의 세포 생존율을 나타내는, 임플란트.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 임플란트를 랫트의 골절된 대퇴골 조직에 이식하고 2개월 후 채취한 상기 대퇴골 조직의 스티프니스가 120 N/mm 이상인, 임플란트.
- 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 제 2 생분해성 고분자를 포함하는 생분해성 고분자를 준비하는 단계; 및상기 생분해성 고분자를 이용하여 임플란트를 성형하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자는 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하고, 상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는 4-하이드록시부티레이트(4-HB)로부터 유래된 반복단위를 상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA) 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 50 중량%로 포함하는, 임플란트의 제조방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 성형은 사출성형 또는 3D 프린팅 성형인, 임플란트의 제조방법.
- 제 18 항에 있어서,상기 사출성형은압출 온도 100℃ 내지 210℃,사출 온도 150℃ 내지 200℃, 및어닐링 온도 80℃ 내지 110℃의 조건으로 수행되는, 임플란트의 제조방법.
- 제 18 항에 있어서,상기 3D 프린팅 성형은프린팅 온도 150℃ 내지 200℃,주입 속도 200 mm/min 내지 400 mm/min,압력 200 kPa 내지 400 kPa, 및프린팅 지속 시간 60분 이내의 조건으로 수행되는, 임플란트의 제조방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 성형 이후에,블래스팅, 몰딩, 또는 레이저 처리를 통해 표면에 거칠기 또는 패턴을 부여하는 단계, 및플라즈마 처리를 통해 표면에 친수성을 부여하는 단계 중에서,적어도 하나의 표면 처리 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 임플란트의 제조방법.
- 제 1 생분해성 고분자 및 제 2 생분해성 고분자를 포함하고,상기 제 1 생분해성 고분자는 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)를 포함하고,상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA)는 4-하이드록시부티레이트(4-HB)로부터 유래된 반복단위를 상기 공중합 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트(PHA) 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 50 중량%로 포함하는, 임플란트용 조성물.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002539854A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2002-11-26 | メタボリックス,インコーポレイテッド | ポリヒドロキシアルカノエートポリマーの医療デバイスおよび医療適用 |
| KR20160135217A (ko) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-11-25 | 더 시드니 칠드런즈 호스피탈스 네트워크 (랜드윅 및 웨스트미드) | 이식 가능한 장치 |
| KR20190080899A (ko) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-07-08 | 에테하 쭈리히 | 조직 공학 및 외과 수술용 정렬된 다공성 섬유 스캐폴드 |
| KR20210070230A (ko) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-06-14 | 주식회사 엠아이텍 | 방사선 불투과성 기능을 포함하는 생분해성 이중구조체 |
| KR20220047788A (ko) | 2019-08-21 | 2022-04-19 | 바이오레텍 오와이 | 복합 물질, 이를 포함하는 임플란트, 복합 물질의 용도 및 복합 물질 및 의료 장치의 제조 방법 |
| KR20230004525A (ko) * | 2020-03-22 | 2023-01-06 | 콜플랜트 리미티드 | 연조직 충전제 및/또는 임플란트로 사용할 수 있는 콜라겐 기반 제형 |
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| WO2019084073A2 (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-05-02 | Davol Inc. | MOLD TISSUE REPAIR IMPLANTS COMPRISING HYDROXYBUTYRATE |
| JP7674357B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-20 | 2025-05-09 | テファ, インコーポレイテッド | 骨欠損部再建用の再吸収性インプラント |
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- 2024-06-13 TW TW113121896A patent/TWI901190B/zh active
- 2024-06-13 EP EP24823722.4A patent/EP4729079A1/en active Pending
- 2024-06-13 WO PCT/KR2024/008122 patent/WO2024258205A1/ko not_active Ceased
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002539854A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2002-11-26 | メタボリックス,インコーポレイテッド | ポリヒドロキシアルカノエートポリマーの医療デバイスおよび医療適用 |
| KR20160135217A (ko) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-11-25 | 더 시드니 칠드런즈 호스피탈스 네트워크 (랜드윅 및 웨스트미드) | 이식 가능한 장치 |
| KR20190080899A (ko) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-07-08 | 에테하 쭈리히 | 조직 공학 및 외과 수술용 정렬된 다공성 섬유 스캐폴드 |
| KR20220047788A (ko) | 2019-08-21 | 2022-04-19 | 바이오레텍 오와이 | 복합 물질, 이를 포함하는 임플란트, 복합 물질의 용도 및 복합 물질 및 의료 장치의 제조 방법 |
| KR20210070230A (ko) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-06-14 | 주식회사 엠아이텍 | 방사선 불투과성 기능을 포함하는 생분해성 이중구조체 |
| KR20230004525A (ko) * | 2020-03-22 | 2023-01-06 | 콜플랜트 리미티드 | 연조직 충전제 및/또는 임플란트로 사용할 수 있는 콜라겐 기반 제형 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "Department of Pathology", KONYANG UNIVERSITY |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN121311257A (zh) | 2026-01-09 |
| KR20240176007A (ko) | 2024-12-23 |
| TW202506210A (zh) | 2025-02-16 |
| EP4729079A1 (en) | 2026-04-22 |
| TWI901190B (zh) | 2025-10-11 |
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