WO2024255766A1 - 自主工作机器人的控制方法、自主工作机器人及存储介质 - Google Patents

自主工作机器人的控制方法、自主工作机器人及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024255766A1
WO2024255766A1 PCT/CN2024/098713 CN2024098713W WO2024255766A1 WO 2024255766 A1 WO2024255766 A1 WO 2024255766A1 CN 2024098713 W CN2024098713 W CN 2024098713W WO 2024255766 A1 WO2024255766 A1 WO 2024255766A1
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Prior art keywords
working
width
robot
autonomous
area
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PCT/CN2024/098713
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢帅龙
杨晓琪
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Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
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Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from CN202310692623.9A external-priority patent/CN119148693B/zh
Application filed by Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd filed Critical Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority to CN202480015187.4A priority Critical patent/CN120826656A/zh
Publication of WO2024255766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024255766A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/40—Control within particular dimensions
    • G05D1/43—Control of position or course in two dimensions [2D]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and in particular to a control method for an autonomous working robot, an autonomous working robot and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • an autonomous working robot obtains a map of a target area, plans a path in the target area according to the map, and controls the autonomous working robot to travel and/or work along the planned path.
  • the present disclosure provides a control method of an autonomous working robot, an autonomous working robot and a storage medium.
  • a control method for an autonomous working robot comprising: a working part, wherein the working part is configured to perform work under the control of the autonomous working robot; and a moving part, wherein the moving part is configured to perform movement under the control of the autonomous working robot, and the method comprises:
  • R1 represents the length of a line segment in the at least partial area that is substantially perpendicular to the path direction
  • W represents the working range of the working portion
  • B represents a set value for adjusting the path width, 1.2 cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7 cm.
  • generating a planned path according to the map includes: shrinking the map boundary by a preset distance S, and generating a planned path according to the shrunk map, wherein the number N of generated planned paths is less than or equal to
  • the moving part includes: a front moving part and a rear moving part, and at least the overlap amount of the projections of the front moving part and the working part in the target area is less than or equal to W*5%.
  • an overlap amount between a projection of the front moving part on the target area and a projection of the working part on the target area is zero.
  • the target area includes an area where the satellite signal strength is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the autonomous working robot is controlled to travel along multiple paths to traverse the The target area includes: controlling the autonomous working robot to travel along multiple first paths in a first working cycle to traverse the target area; controlling the autonomous working robot to travel along multiple second paths in a second working cycle to traverse the target area, and the second paths are at least partially non-overlapping with the first paths.
  • the second path is substantially parallel to the first path, and a distance between adjacent second paths and the first path is greater than or equal to 5 cm and/or less than or equal to (W-B-5) cm.
  • a preset angle is formed between the second path and the first path.
  • the working unit is configured to perform mowing work; accordingly, the method also includes: obtaining environmental parameters near the autonomous working robot, wherein the environmental parameters reflect the growth rate of grass in the target area; and adjusting the time interval between the first working cycle and the second working cycle according to the environmental parameters.
  • the time interval between the second working cycle and the first working cycle is less than or equal to 48 hours.
  • the map includes: a grid map, the grid map includes multiple grids, multiple paths are generated according to the grid map, the autonomous working robot is controlled to move along the multiple paths, and the grids of a preset width covered by it are marked on the grid map as worked, and the preset width is an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • each of the multiple paths passes through the midpoint of the preset width.
  • the grid size includes: a grid width, and the grid width is equal to (W-B)/n, where n represents a preset number of grids to be marked.
  • the method further includes: determining the set value according to at least one of the following methods: determining the set value according to the area type of the target area, or determining the set value according to user input; or determining the set value according to stored data of the autonomous working robot.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an autonomous working robot, the autonomous working robot comprising:
  • a working part configured to perform work under the control of the autonomous working robot
  • a moving part configured to perform movement under the control of the autonomous working robot
  • a controller wherein the controller is connected to the working part and the moving part by signal
  • the controller obtains a map of the target area where the autonomous working robot is to perform work; generates a planned path according to the map, and controls the autonomous working robot to travel along multiple paths to traverse the target area, wherein the multiple paths are parallel to each other, and adjacent paths of the multiple paths are in opposite directions; the number of paths N in at least part of the target area is less than or equal to R1/(W-B), wherein R1 represents the length of a line segment in a direction substantially perpendicular to the path direction in at least part of the area, W represents the width of the working range of the working part, and B represents a set value for adjusting the path width, 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm.
  • a planned path is generated according to the map, and the autonomous working robot is controlled to move along multiple paths to traverse the target area, the multiple paths are parallel to each other, the adjacent paths of the multiple paths are in opposite directions, and the number of paths N in at least part of the target area is less than or equal to R1/(W-B), 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm, and B represents a set value for adjusting the path width. According to the path planning method and the set value, fast and good work can be achieved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method described in the above solution.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for an autonomous working robot, the autonomous working robot comprising:
  • a working part configured to perform work under the control of the autonomous working robot
  • a moving part configured to perform movement under the control of the autonomous working robot
  • the method comprises:
  • a map of a target area where the autonomous working robot is to perform work comprising: a grid map, wherein the grid map comprises a plurality of grids;
  • the autonomous working robot is controlled to move along multiple paths, and grids of a preset width covered by the robot are marked as worked on the grid map, wherein the preset width is an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for an autonomous working robot, the autonomous working robot comprising: a working part, the working part being configured to perform work under the control of the autonomous working robot; and a moving part, the moving part being configured to perform movement under the control of the autonomous working robot, the method comprising:
  • a planned path is generated according to the map, and the autonomous working robot is controlled to move along multiple paths to traverse the target area, the multiple paths are parallel to each other, adjacent paths of the multiple paths are in opposite directions, and the path width between the adjacent paths is greater than or equal to (W-B), wherein W represents the working range of the working part, and B represents the position deviation of the autonomous working robot value during movement for adjusting the path width, 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm.
  • the present application also provides a control method for an autonomous working robot, the method comprising:
  • the grid map comprising a plurality of grids, the grids being set according to grid sizes; and acquire a planned path of the autonomous working robot within the grid map;
  • the autonomous working robot is controlled to work along the planned path, and based on the working position of the autonomous working robot, the grids within a preset width range where the autonomous working robot has worked are marked as worked areas on the grid map; the preset width is an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the preset width is less than or equal to a projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the preset width includes an effective working width of the autonomous working robot; the effective working width is a second integer multiple of the grid size.
  • a spacing distance between adjacent planned paths is a first integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the target area includes an open area, where the open area is an area where the satellite positioning signal meets a preset quality requirement; in the open area, the first integer multiple is equal to the second integer multiple.
  • the target area includes a shadow area and/or a slope area
  • the shadow area is an area where the satellite positioning signal does not meet the quality requirements
  • the slope area is an area where the slope angle value is equal to or greater than a preset slope angle value
  • the first integer multiple is less than the second integer multiple
  • the interval distance is equal to the difference between the effective working width and the overlapping area width
  • the overlapping area width is used to characterize the width of the grid that the autonomous working robot has worked on at least twice during the working process along adjacent planned paths, which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot.
  • the planned path passes through a midpoint of the effective working width.
  • the effective working width is a projection width of a working part of the autonomous working robot perpendicular to a moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working part The working width is the sum of the projection widths of the multiple working parts perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working width is the difference between the width of the working part of the autonomous working robot perpendicular to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot and a set working deviation.
  • the working deviation is used to characterize the width of the area within the coverage range of the working part but that the working part cannot actually cover perpendicular to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot.
  • the grid size includes a grid length and/or a grid width.
  • the grid size includes a grid length and a grid width
  • the grid length is equal to the grid width
  • the preset width includes the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapping area; the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapping area is the third integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the overlapping area width is used to characterize the width of a grid that the autonomous working robot has worked on at least twice while working along adjacent planned paths, which is perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the autonomous working robot determines the width of the overlapping area according to the area type of the target area, and the area type of the target area includes at least one of the following: an open area; a shadow area; a slope area; and a user-selected area.
  • the method before obtaining the grid map of the target area, the method further includes: obtaining the width of the overlapping area, and obtaining the width of the overlapping area at least includes: obtaining the width of the overlapping area based on user input; or, obtaining the width of the overlapping area based on storage data of the autonomous working robot.
  • the first spacing distance of the target area is determined to be equal to the difference between the effective working width and the first overlapping area width; the first preset width of the target area is determined according to the first spacing distance; the first grid size of the first grid map of the target area is set according to the first preset width; the first planned path of the autonomous working robot in the first grid map is obtained; the autonomous working robot is controlled to work along the first planned path, and in combination with the working position of the autonomous working robot, the grids within the first preset width range where the autonomous working robot has worked are marked as worked areas on the first grid map.
  • the second spacing distance of at least part of the target area is determined to be equal to the difference between the effective working width and the second overlapping area width; the second preset width of at least part of the target area is determined according to the second spacing distance; the second grid size of the second grid map of at least part of the target area is set according to the second preset width; the second planned path of the autonomous working robot in the second grid map is obtained; the autonomous working robot is controlled to work along the second planned path, and in combination with the working position of the autonomous working robot, the grids within the second preset width range where the autonomous working robot has worked are marked as worked areas on the second grid map.
  • the third spacing distance of the target area is determined to be equal to the difference between the effective working width and the third overlapping area width; the third preset width of the target area is determined according to the third spacing distance; the third grid size of the third grid map of the target area is set according to the third preset width; the third planned path of the autonomous working robot in the third grid map is obtained; the autonomous working robot is controlled to work along the third planned path, and in combination with the working position of the autonomous working robot, On the third grid map, grids within a third preset width range where the autonomous working robot has worked are marked as worked areas.
  • the grid within the preset width range worked by the autonomous working robot is located on at least one of the left and right sides of the planned path, and the total width of the grid within the preset width range corresponding to any planned path perpendicular to the planned path is equal to the preset width.
  • the planned path passes through a midpoint of the preset width.
  • the effective working width is a projection width of a working part of the autonomous working robot perpendicular to a moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working width is the sum of the projection widths of the plurality of working parts perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working width is the difference between the projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot at right angles to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot and a set working deviation.
  • the working deviation is used to characterize the width of the area within the coverage range of the working part but where the working part cannot work, at right angles to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an autonomous working robot, comprising: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, and when the processor runs the computer program, the steps of the above method are implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: by controlling the effective working width of the autonomous working robot or the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapped area to be an integer multiple of the grid size in the grid map, it is ensured that the corresponding worked area of the autonomous working robot only contains complete grids each time it works along the planned path, so that all grids contained in the worked area can be marked each time, which facilitates and accurately marks the grids corresponding to the worked area, avoids the situation where the grid cannot be marked in the worked area, and solves the problem of the prior art that the grid cannot be marked due to the work area containing incomplete grids.
  • the autonomous working robot since the situation where the grid cannot be marked in the worked area is avoided, the autonomous working robot does not need to repeatedly process the processed part of the grid that cannot be marked, which reduces repeated work, solves the problem of repeated processing due to the work area containing incomplete grids in the prior art, and improves work efficiency.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the working process of an autonomous working robot
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the conversion of coordinates in the real world into grids in a grid map
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram 1 of an autonomous working robot working along a planned path in the prior art
  • FIG4 is a second schematic diagram of an autonomous working robot working along a planned path in the prior art
  • FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of a control method for an autonomous working robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram 1 of an autonomous working robot working along a planned path according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG7 is a second schematic diagram of the autonomous working robot working along a planned path according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an autonomous working robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a working scene of an autonomous working robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG10 is a schematic flow chart of another control method of an autonomous working robot provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a grid map containing an autonomous working robot.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various information in this article, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as the second information
  • second information may also be referred to as the first information.
  • word “if” as used herein can be interpreted as “at the time of -- or "when" or "in response to determination”.
  • singular forms “one”, “one” and “the” are intended to also include plural forms, unless there is an opposite indication in the context.
  • step codes such as S101, S102 are used, the purpose of which is to express the corresponding content more clearly and briefly, and do not constitute a substantial restriction on the order.
  • Those skilled in the art may execute S102 first and then S101, etc. during specific implementation, but these should all be within the scope of protection of this application.
  • the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.
  • the use of suffixes such as “module”, “component” or “unit” used to represent elements is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of this application, and has no specific meaning in itself. Therefore, “module”, “component” or “unit” can be used in a mixed manner.
  • the autonomous working robot 100 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can move autonomously within the target area 200 to automatically perform work tasks.
  • the autonomous working robot can be an automatic lawn mower, an automatic sprinkler, an automatic fertilizer applicator, an automatic sweeper, an automatic snow sweeper, or other equipment suitable for unattended operation. They automatically walk on the surface of the work area to perform mowing, watering, fertilizing, vacuuming, or snow sweeping. They can also be other equipment suitable for unattended operation, and the embodiments of this specification do not limit this.
  • the autonomous working robot 1 moves and works within the working range defined by the outer boundary 2 and the inner boundary 3 as shown in FIG9 . Specifically, the inner boundary inside the outer boundary and the outer boundary outside the inner boundary define the working range.
  • the target area, the inside of the inner boundary 3 is called an island or obstacle.
  • the autonomous working robot realizes specific functions through its working parts, and different working parts may be different.
  • the working part of the automatic lawn mower is a blade that performs mowing
  • the working part of the automatic sprinkler is a watering part
  • the working part of the automatic fertilizer applicator is a fertilizer applicator
  • the working part of the automatic sweeper is a roller brush or a mop, etc.
  • the autonomous working robot may also include a controller that outputs control instructions to the moving part and the working part; as well as a moving part such as wheels that drives it to move, a power device such as a motor and a transmission structure connected to the motor that provides power for the movement and work of the autonomous working robot, and a power supply device such as a battery pack that provides the energy required for the work of the working part, the moving part and the power device of the autonomous working robot.
  • a controller that outputs control instructions to the moving part and the working part; as well as a moving part such as wheels that drives it to move, a power device such as a motor and a transmission structure connected to the motor that provides power for the movement and work of the autonomous working robot, and a power supply device such as a battery pack that provides the energy required for the work of the working part, the moving part and the power device of the autonomous working robot.
  • the automatic lawn mower may miss cutting when moving along the planned path in the target area.
  • the missed grass area can be recut by artificially controlling the machine, but this method is more cumbersome and not intelligent enough.
  • the working range W can be reduced by a certain set value B when planning the path to avoid missing cutting, that is, to avoid missing cutting by increasing the overlap between the paths.
  • the present application proposes a control method for an autonomous working robot, in which the number of paths N in at least part of the target area is controlled to be less than or equal to R1/(W-B), wherein R1 represents the length of the line segment in the direction substantially perpendicular to the path direction in at least part of the area, W represents the working range of the working part, and B represents the set value for adjusting the path width, 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm, thereby ensuring that the robot can basically achieve no work omissions and relatively efficient cutting.
  • the path width between adjacent paths in at least part of the target area can also be controlled to be greater than or equal to (W-B), thereby ensuring that the robot can basically achieve no work omissions and relatively efficient cutting.
  • W-B the path width between adjacent paths in at least part of the target area
  • S1001 Obtain a map of the target area where the autonomous working robot is to perform work.
  • S1002 Generate a planned path according to the map, and control the autonomous working robot to move along multiple paths to traverse the target area, the multiple paths are parallel to each other, and the adjacent paths of the multiple paths are in opposite directions.
  • the number N of paths is less than or equal to R1/(W-B), wherein R1 represents the length of a line segment in at least part of the area that is roughly perpendicular to the path direction, as shown in FIG. 11, W represents the working range of the working part, and B represents the set value for adjusting the path width, 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm.
  • the path width can be set to (W-7cm), so that the robot will never miss grass when moving along the planned path. Furthermore, the position deviations between multiple actual positions and planned positions are counted, And the probability of occurrence of multiple position deviations, the statistical results are analyzed to obtain that the probability of occurrence of position deviations is approximately in line with the Gaussian normal distribution.
  • the position deviation represented by the sigma with a relatively high probability of occurrence (about 68%) is 1.2cm, that is, under about 68% of working conditions, when the robot travels according to the planned path, the actual driving position will fall within the position deviation range, that is, there will be about 1.2cm of grass leakage in the working area.
  • the position deviation represented by 2 sigma with a higher probability of occurrence (about 95%) is 2cm, that is, under about 95% of working conditions, when the robot travels according to the planned path, the actual driving position will fall within the position deviation range, that is, there will be about 2cm of grass leakage in the working area. Therefore, if you want to avoid grass leakage under more common working conditions, you can reduce the path width by 2cm, that is, you can set the set value for adjusting the path width to 2cm.
  • a smaller set value such as 1.2cm
  • a larger set value needs to be configured, such as 7cm.
  • the planned path width can be determined as (W-B) according to the width of the robot's working part and the set value, wherein 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm, multiple paths are parallel to each other, and adjacent paths are in opposite directions, so that the number of paths N in at least some areas is less than or equal to R1/(W-B), wherein, as shown in FIG11 , R1 represents the length of a line segment in a plane determined by at least some areas that is roughly perpendicular to the path direction, W represents the working range of the working part, and can also be the width of the working part, such as the width of the cutter head, and B represents the set value for adjusting the path width.
  • the set value can be a value between 1.2cm and 7cm input by the user; at least some areas are regular areas where there are no islands, which can be the entire working area, or a regular area that meets the island requirements intercepted from the entire working area, and the present application does not limit this.
  • the map boundary S can be shrunk, and a planned path can be generated based on the shrunk map, wherein the number N of generated planned paths is less than or equal to (R1-2S)/(W-B).
  • the robot structure can also be optimized to meet high-quality cutting.
  • the projection overlap amount of the front moving part and the working part in the target area is set to be less than or equal to W*5%. That is, the front wheel of the robot will squeeze part of the grass to make it fall down during the forward movement, and the lawn mower cannot cut the grass that has just fallen, so it will miss cutting. Through such a setting, the working range of the working part does not include the grass that the front wheel has just crushed, so there will be no missed cutting due to such problems.
  • the projection overlap amount is 0.
  • the projection of the rear wheel in the target area can overlap with the projection of the working part, because after the rear wheel crushes the grass, the robot will not cut the grass in the area immediately, but will pass through here after a period of time, at which time the grass has basically returned to normal growth state and is easy to cut.
  • the rear wheel can also be set to not overlap with the working range of the working part.
  • the set value needs to be controlled to be as large as possible and equal to the possible position deviation of the robot to meet the lawn use requirements.
  • the set value is close to or basically the same as the robot position deviation, there may be a certain degree of grass missing on the lawn after the robot works.
  • Technicians have found that in scenarios where there are no strict requirements for lawn flatness, when the lawn is maintained frequently, a small amount of grass missing will not be recognized by the naked eye, as long as the grass that was not cut the first time can be cut the second time. For example, robots used in homes usually cut once a day.
  • the target area may be mowed a second time in the second working cycle by other means to avoid possible grass leakage, wherein the second path of the second cutting at least partially does not overlap with the first path of the first cutting.
  • the user after the robot has traveled in the target area with a path width of W-7 cm for a period of time, the user changes the setting value to 2 cm, so that the path width is adjusted to (W-2 cm).
  • the robot can obtain the grids that are not marked as worked in the original grid map, and readjust the values of each grid in the grid map according to the adjusted path width, and work on the unworked area according to the adjusted grid map.
  • environmental parameters near the autonomous working robot are obtained, and the environmental parameters reflect the growth rate of grass in the target area; the time interval between the first working cycle and the second working cycle is adjusted according to the environmental parameters.
  • the growth rate and the time interval are negatively correlated.
  • the environmental parameters can be an image collected by a camera, and its growth rate is determined according to the height of the grass in the image. When the height difference of the grass collected at the same interval becomes larger, it means that the growth rate of the grass is faster; it can also be weather information or season information obtained from the cloud, and the grass grows faster when the temperature is high; it can also be based on weather information or light intensity information collected by a photosensitive sensor, and the grass grows faster when the light intensity is strong.
  • the time interval between the second cutting and the previous cutting is shorter; when the grass grows slowly, the time interval between the second cutting and the previous cutting is longer. In this way, even if the first missed cutting occurs, the user cannot obviously identify the missed cutting phenomenon, and the user experience is also better.
  • the difference between the start time of the second working cycle and the start time of the time interval between the first working cycle can be set to be less than or equal to 48 hours.
  • the second path during the secondary cutting is roughly parallel to the first path during the first cutting, and the distance between the adjacent second paths and the first path is greater than or equal to 5 cm and/or less than or equal to (W-B-5) cm.
  • the path can be translated to achieve complementary cutting.
  • the position after translation needs to meet the requirement that the preset width of the coverage is an integer multiple of the grid size mentioned in the following embodiments.
  • the first cutting path is translated a certain distance as proposed in the above embodiment to obtain a secondary cutting path, so that when the robot moves along the path, the area that was missed last time can be supplemented and cut cleanly.
  • the second path forms a preset angle with the first path.
  • the target area can be cut through a path different from the first path, so that when the robot moves along the path, the area that was missed last time can be cut cleanly.
  • the autonomous working robot In the full coverage operation mode, the autonomous working robot generally moves and works along the planned path planned in the grid map.
  • the grid map is a commonly used high-precision map form, which divides the environment into a series of grids.
  • the resolution of the conventional grid map can be determined according to the required map accuracy. For example, if the map accuracy is required to be higher, the grid length r is set to be smaller so that the resolution, i.e., 1/r, is larger; if the map accuracy is required to be lower, the grid length r is set to be larger so that the resolution, i.e., 1/r, is smaller.
  • x represents the coordinate in the real world
  • i represents the coordinate in the discretized map (i.e., the grid map)
  • r is the length of a grid
  • 1/r represents the resolution
  • i ceil(x/r).
  • (i, j) (ceil (x/r), ceil (y/r)), where x and y are coordinates in the real world, and i and j are coordinates in the discretized map (i.e., grid map).
  • the grid map includes multiple grids, which are set according to the grid size, and each grid has the same size.
  • the working area needs to be marked in the grid map. Since the prior art only sets the resolution of the grid map according to the accuracy requirements, there are the following two problems when marking the worked area (taking the autonomous working robot as an automatic lawn mower as an example): One problem is that during the cutting process of the automatic lawn mower, the cut area needs to be marked to distinguish it from the uncut area. The marking is performed in the grid map in units of a single grid, that is, only the entire grid can be marked at one time. If the relationship between the resolution and the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower is not considered when setting the resolution of the grid map, it may cause the cut area to contain incomplete grids when it corresponds to the grid map.
  • Another problem is that when the automatic lawn mower based on real-time kinematic (RTK) is working, due to insufficient positioning accuracy, when the automatic lawn mower works along the planned path, its actual working position will be offset to the left and right sides of the planned path relative to the points on the planned path, causing the area cut by the automatic lawn mower to also be offset to the left and right sides of the planned path.
  • the current solution is to set an overlapping area between two adjacent paths when planning the path of the automatic lawn mower, so that when the automatic lawn mower cuts along two adjacent paths, it cuts the overlapping area twice in succession, which can solve the problem of cutting area offset caused by insufficient positioning accuracy and avoid missing cutting.
  • the automatic lawn mower needs to mark the worked areas corresponding to the two adjacent paths respectively, including the first worked area, the overlapping area, and the second worked area. If any of these three areas contains an incomplete grid, it is impossible to accurately mark these three areas.
  • the automatic lawn mower needs to mark the worked areas corresponding to the two adjacent paths respectively, and the worked areas are equal to the area actually cut by the mowing component of the automatic lawn mower minus the overlapping area. If the area corresponding to the area actually cut by the mowing component of the automatic lawn mower minus the overlapping area contains incomplete grids, it is impossible to accurately mark the worked areas.
  • path A and path B are adjacent paths, and the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG4 is the moving direction of the automatic lawn mower.
  • the effective working width of the automatic lawn mower is 5 grids
  • the corresponding cut area when the autonomous working robot works along path A is the first worked area (as shown by the diagonal line in FIG4 )
  • the corresponding cut area when the autonomous working robot works along path B is the second worked area (as shown by the diagonal line in FIG4 ), which respectively include 4.5 grids
  • the overlapping area of the first worked area and the second worked area includes 0.5 grids.
  • the present application proposes a control method for an autonomous working robot. It should be noted that although the present disclosure provides the method operation steps as shown in the following embodiments or drawings, more or fewer operation steps may be included in the method based on routine or no creative labor. In the steps where there is no necessary causal relationship logically, the execution order of these steps is not limited to the execution order provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the method may be executed by a control device of an autonomous working robot, and the device may be implemented in software and/or hardware.
  • the execution subject of the method is an autonomous working robot as an example.
  • the method provided in this embodiment includes:
  • Step 1 Obtain a grid map of the target area, wherein the grid map includes a plurality of grids, and the grids are set according to a grid size.
  • the raster map of the target area can be generated by the autonomous working robot itself or the cloud server, and accordingly, the autonomous working robot can obtain the raster map of the target area from itself or the cloud server. If the autonomous working robot obtains the raster map of the target area from itself, it can be specifically that the autonomous working robot retrieves the raster map of the target area from its own storage device such as a memory. If the autonomous working robot obtains the raster map of the target area from the cloud server, it can be specifically that the autonomous working robot sends a map acquisition request to the cloud server for obtaining the raster map of the target area, and receives the raster map of the target area issued by the cloud in response to the map acquisition request.
  • the specific operation of the autonomous working robot or the cloud server to generate the raster map can refer to the existing relevant technology, which will not be repeated here.
  • the target area may be an area where the autonomous robot is to work.
  • the types of the target area may be different accordingly.
  • the type of the target area may be a grass area; for an automatic sweeper, the type of the target area may be a ground area, etc.
  • the grid map of the target area may be a grid map containing only the target area, or may be a grid map containing both the target area and other areas, such as adjacent areas of the target area.
  • the grid size may include a grid length and/or a grid width.
  • the grid length refers to the distance between two adjacent dividing lines in the grid map
  • the grid width refers to the distance between two adjacent dividing lines in the grid map, as shown in FIG6 .
  • the grid size includes a grid length and a grid width
  • the grid length and the grid width may be set equal to each other to facilitate processing such as planning paths and marking grids.
  • the integer multiple may be set according to actual needs, such as in combination with the storage space and working accuracy requirements of the autonomous working robot. Generally speaking, the integer in the integer multiple is at least greater than or equal to 2.
  • Step 2 Generate a planned path for the robot within the grid map according to the map, where the interval between adjacent paths is an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the spacing distance between adjacent paths in opposite directions can be set to an integer multiple of the grid size, and the spacing distance between adjacent paths is (W-B), and the spacing distance between the adjacent paths is also the effective working width of the robot, and the effective working width (preset width) is an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the planned path of the autonomous working robot in the grid map can be generated by the autonomous working robot itself or the cloud server. Accordingly, the autonomous working robot can obtain the planned path in the grid map from itself or the cloud server. If the autonomous working robot obtains the planned path in the grid map from itself, it can be specifically that the autonomous working robot retrieves the planned path in the grid map from its own storage device such as a memory. If the autonomous working robot obtains the planned path in the grid map from the cloud server, it can be specifically that the autonomous working robot sends a path acquisition request to the cloud server for obtaining the planned path in the grid map, and receives the planned path in the grid map issued by the cloud in response to the path acquisition request.
  • the autonomous robot in order for the autonomous robot to work normally or complete the specified task in the target area, it is necessary to control the autonomous robot to work in the target area according to the planned path. Therefore, before controlling the autonomous robot to work, it is necessary to first obtain the planned path of the autonomous robot in the grid map.
  • Adjacent planned paths refer to the planned paths with the shortest distance between geographical locations in the grid map, such as path A and path B shown in Figure 6.
  • the area covered when the robot moves along path A or path B, that is, the preset width or effective working width (WB) is an integer multiple of the grid size, so the grid width is equal to (WB)/n.
  • the value corresponding to the integer multiple can be determined according to the memory size, map accuracy, etc., for example: 3, 4, etc.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a partial area of the target area that meets the no-island condition.
  • the working range W of the blade of the lawn mower 100 is 35 cm
  • the set value is 7 cm
  • the set value is 2 cm
  • the planned path can be determined according to the position of the cutter disc on the robot. If the cutter disc is offset, the corresponding path direction is located in the offset direction of the preset width (effective working width). If the cutter disc is centered, the corresponding path direction passes through the midpoint of the preset width (effective working width).
  • the path directions shown in Figures 6 and 7 are the path directions in the scenario where the cutter disc is centered. If the interval distance between adjacent paths is an odd multiple of the grid size, as shown in Figure 6, the effective working width of the autonomous working robot is 5 times the grid width, path A passes through the midpoint of grid a, and path B passes through the point of grid b.
  • the planned path can be located at the dividing line between two adjacent grids, and the dividing line of the grid is used to separate adjacent grids.
  • the preset width of the autonomous working robot is 6 times the grid width, then path C can be set at the dividing line between adjacent grids a and b, and path D can be set at the dividing line between adjacent grids c and d.
  • the autonomous working robot can be controlled to work along a planned path, and combined with the working position of the autonomous working robot, integer multiples of grids near the working position of the robot are marked as worked areas on the grid map.
  • the autonomous working robot can control the autonomous working robot to walk along the planned path through a walking device (also called a moving part), and at the same time control the working part of the autonomous working robot to work, so as to realize the control of the autonomous working robot to work according to the planned path.
  • a walking device also called a moving part
  • the integer multiples of the grids worked by the autonomous working robot are marked as worked areas on the grid map, which can be processed by the autonomous working robot itself or the cloud server. If the autonomous working robot marks the integer multiples of the grids worked by the autonomous working robot as worked areas on the grid map, it can be specifically that the autonomous working robot marks the integer multiples of the grids worked by the autonomous working robot during the working process as worked areas on the grid map according to its own position.
  • the autonomous working robot may specifically send a marking request including its own position and a preset width to the cloud server, so that the cloud server marks on the grid map, according to the marking request, a row of grids that is perpendicular to the planned path and passes through the autonomous working robot's own position, with a total width equal to several adjacent grids as worked areas.
  • These several adjacent grids may be located on at least one of the left and right sides of the planned path, for example, on the left or right side of the planned path, or symmetrically or asymmetrically on the left and right sides of the planned path.
  • the working position of the autonomous working robot can be simultaneously combined, and the integer multiples of the grids that the autonomous working robot has worked on the grid map can be marked as worked areas to achieve timely marking of the worked areas.
  • the grids that are integer multiples of the grids that the autonomous working robot has worked on are marked as worked areas.
  • the pixel values of the grids that are integer multiples of the grids that the autonomous working robot has worked on on the grid map can be changed to preset pixels, etc., and there is no specific limitation here, as long as it can be distinguished from the grids in the non-working area.
  • a planned path is generated according to the map, and the autonomous working robot is controlled to move along multiple paths to traverse the target area, the multiple paths are parallel to each other, the adjacent paths of the multiple paths are in opposite directions, and the number of paths N in at least part of the target area is less than or equal to R1/(W-B), 1.2cm ⁇ B ⁇ 7cm, and B represents a set value for adjusting the path width. According to the path planning method and the set value, fast and good work can be achieved.
  • the effective working width of the working part of the autonomous working robot can only be the projection width of the working part in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working width actually cut by the automatic lawn mower is only the projection width of the cutting component in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the automatic lawn mower.
  • the effective working width of the actual work of the autonomous working robot can be considered to be the sum of the projection widths of the multiple working parts in the direction perpendicular to the forward direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the autonomous working robot as an automatic lawn mower as an example, if the automatic lawn mower includes multiple blade discs placed side by side but not overlapping each other, and the blade discs are circular, the effective working width of the automatic lawn mower can be considered to be the sum of the projection widths of the diameters of the multiple blade discs in the direction perpendicular to the forward direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the preset width includes the effective working width of the autonomous working robot, the spacing distance between adjacent planned paths is the first integer multiple of the grid size, and the effective working width is the second integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the method provided in this embodiment includes: Step S101: Obtain a grid map of the target area, the grid map includes multiple grids, and the grids are set according to the grid size.
  • Step S102 Obtain the planned path of the autonomous working robot in the grid map, where the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is a first integer multiple of the grid size.
  • Step S103 Control the autonomous working robot to work according to the planned path, and mark the grid covered by the effective working width of the autonomous working robot during the working process as the worked area on the grid map; the effective working width is the second integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the grid covered by the effective working width of the autonomous working robot during the working process can be marked as the worked area on the grid map at the same time, so as to timely mark the worked area.
  • the effective working width is the second integer multiple of the grid size
  • the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is the first integer multiple of the grid size, that is, the effective working width and the interval distance between adjacent planned paths can be the same or different integer multiples of the grid size, respectively, but the interval distance between adjacent planned paths cannot be greater than the effective working width.
  • the planned path is planned from one side of the grid map, and the distance between the initial planned path and the boundary of one side of the grid map can be half of the effective working width, and the effective working width is an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the initial planned path is located at the dividing line of adjacent grids or passes through the midpoint of the grid.
  • the effective working width of the autonomous working robot covers an integer number of grids, and when working along other planned paths that are adjacent or not adjacent to the initial planned path, since the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is an integer multiple of the grid size, that is, the interval distance between other planned paths and the initial planned path is also an integer multiple of the grid size, it ensures that the corresponding effective working width of the autonomous working robot when working along other planned paths also covers an integer number of grids.
  • the corresponding worked area will not contain incomplete grids, so that all grids contained in the worked area can be marked each time, so as to accurately mark the worked area and avoid the situation where grids cannot be marked in the worked area.
  • the autonomous working robot does not need to repeat the work on the worked part of the unmarkable grid or make incorrect marks on the unworked part of the unmarkable grid, thereby reducing duplication of work, improving work efficiency, and avoiding the autonomous working robot from missing the unworked part of the unmarkable grid.
  • path C and path D are adjacent planned paths, and path C is at the boundary between adjacent grids a and b, while path D is at the boundary between adjacent grids c and d.
  • the interval between path C and path D is 5 times the grid width, and the effective working width of the autonomous working robot is 6 times the grid width.
  • the arrows in FIG7 indicate the moving directions of the autonomous working robot when working along path C and path D, respectively.
  • the grids covered by the effective working width of the autonomous working robot include grids e, f, g, h, i and j, that is, the corresponding worked area includes grids e, f, g, h, i and j, and grids e, f, g, h, i and j can be marked respectively;
  • the grids covered by the effective working width of the autonomous working robot include grids k, p, n, m, k and j, that is, the corresponding worked area includes grids k, p, n, m, k and j, the corresponding overlap area includes grid j, and grids k, p, n, m and k can
  • the effective working width of the autonomous working robot may be adjustable or fixed.
  • the effective working width of the autonomous working robot may also change accordingly.
  • the grid covered by the effective working width of the autonomous working robot during the working process is marked as the working area on the grid map, and the pixel value of the grid covered by the effective working width of the autonomous working robot during the working process on the grid map can be changed to a preset pixel, etc., which is not specifically limited here, as long as it can be distinguished from the grid in the non-working area.
  • the technical solution defined in the above steps S101 to S103 is the ideal solution of this application, that is, during the working process, the position and posture of the autonomous working robot has no deviation relative to the planned path, and the autonomous working robot can work perfectly along the planned path, and the working area is the area covered by the effective working width along the planned path.
  • the position and posture of the autonomous working robot may also be affected by the positioning error and/or heading error, and the actual path of the autonomous working robot is the path after the planned path is affected by the positioning error and/or heading error.
  • the present application can minimize the impact of positioning error and/or heading error on the actual path of the autonomous working robot and thus on the working results by setting the grid size. Therefore, the integers in the first integer multiple and the second integer multiple are preferably greater than or equal to 2. For example, taking the autonomous working robot as an automatic lawn mower as an example, assuming that the effective working width includes two grids, if the automatic lawn mower is offset to the left relative to the planned path, only the left grid of the planned path can be marked; if the automatic lawn mower is offset to the right relative to the planned path, only the right grid of the planned path can be marked.
  • the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the spacing distance of adjacent planned paths are controlled to be integer multiples of the grid size in the grid map, respectively, to ensure that the corresponding worked area each time the autonomous working robot works along the planned path only contains complete grids, so that all grids contained in the worked area can be marked each time, which facilitates and accurately marks the grids corresponding to the worked area, avoids the situation where the grids cannot be marked in the worked area, and solves the problem in the prior art that the grids cannot be marked due to the work area containing incomplete grids.
  • the autonomous working robot since the situation where the grids cannot be marked in the worked area is avoided, the autonomous working robot does not need to repeatedly process the processed parts of the grids that cannot be marked, thereby reducing repeated work and solving the problem.
  • the invention solves the problem of repeated processing caused by incomplete grids in the working area in the prior art, and improves the working efficiency.
  • the target area includes an open area, where the open area is an area where the satellite positioning signal meets a preset quality requirement; in the open area, the first integer multiple is equal to the second integer multiple.
  • the autonomous robot works in an area where the satellite positioning signal meets the preset quality requirements, that is, in an open area, it can be considered that the positioning accuracy is high at this time, and the actual path of the autonomous robot can be regarded as consistent with the planned path. Therefore, when setting the planned path, the overlapping area of the working area when the autonomous robot works along the adjacent planned paths can be ignored, that is, the problem of overlapping areas in the working area when the autonomous robot works along the adjacent planned paths is not considered, but the interval distance between the adjacent planned paths is directly set to be equal to the effective working width of the autonomous robot, that is, the first integer multiple is set to be equal to the second integer multiple.
  • the satellite positioning signal meets the preset quality requirements and can be set according to actual needs, such as the intensity of the satellite positioning signal can be greater than the preset intensity threshold.
  • the first integer multiple is controlled to be equal to the second integer multiple, that is, the interval distance between the adjacent planned paths is equal to the effective working width of the autonomous robot, so as to further reduce the area of repeated work when the autonomous robot works along the adjacent planned paths, thereby further improving the work efficiency of the autonomous robot.
  • the target area includes a shadow area and/or a slope area
  • the shadow area is an area where the satellite positioning signal does not meet the quality requirements
  • the slope area is an area where the slope angle is equal to or greater than a preset slope angle
  • the first integer multiple is less than the second integer multiple
  • the spacing distance is equal to the difference between the effective working width and the overlapping area width
  • the overlapping area width is used to characterize the width of the grid repeatedly covered by the effective working width when the autonomous working robot is working along adjacent planned paths, perpendicular to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot.
  • the autonomous robot works in an area where the satellite positioning signal does not meet the preset quality requirements, i.e., a shadow area, and/or an area where the slope angle is equal to or greater than the preset slope angle, i.e., a slope area, it can be considered that the positioning accuracy is low at this time, and the actual path of the autonomous robot may deviate from the planned path. Therefore, when setting the planned path, the overlapping area of the working area when the autonomous robot works along the adjacent planned paths cannot be ignored, that is, the problem of overlapping areas of the working area when the autonomous robot works along the adjacent planned paths should be considered to avoid the existence of unworked areas between the adjacent planned paths after the autonomous robot works along the adjacent planned paths.
  • the first integer multiple can be set to be smaller than the second integer multiple, i.e., the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is smaller than the effective working width of the autonomous robot.
  • the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is equal to the difference between the effective working width and the width of the overlapping area, and the width of the overlapping area is used to characterize the width of the grid that the autonomous robot has worked at least twice during the working process along the adjacent planned paths, which is perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous robot.
  • the width of the overlapped area is also an integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the first integer multiple is controlled to be smaller than the second integer multiple, that is, the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is equal to the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapped area, so as to ensure that the autonomous working robot can process all the areas between adjacent planned paths, thereby improving the working quality and efficiency of the autonomous working robot.
  • the planned path passes through the midpoint of the effective working width. That is, when the autonomous working robot works along the planned path, half of the effective working width of the autonomous working robot is controlled to be located on the left side of the planned path, and the other half is located on the right side of the planned path.
  • the effective working width is the projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot is the actual working width.
  • the working width is the projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working width is the sum of the projection widths of the multiple working parts perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot.
  • the effective working width of the autonomous robot can be considered to be the sum of the projection widths of the multiple working parts perpendicular to the direction of movement of the autonomous robot.
  • the autonomous robot as an automatic lawn mower as an example, if the automatic lawn mower includes multiple blade discs placed side by side but not overlapping each other, and the blade discs are circular, then the effective working width of the automatic lawn mower can be considered to be the sum of the projection widths of the diameters of the multiple blade discs perpendicular to the direction of movement of the autonomous robot.
  • the effective working width is the difference between the projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot at right angles to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot and a set working deviation.
  • the working deviation is used to characterize the width of the area within the coverage range of the working part but that the working part cannot actually cover at right angles to the direction of movement of the autonomous working robot.
  • the working part of the autonomous robot may not be able to achieve full coverage of the area within the coverage of the working part, especially the edge area within the coverage of the working part.
  • the effective working width can be considered as the difference between the projection width of the working part of the autonomous robot perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous robot and the set working deviation, and the working deviation (the working deviation is the set value B used to adjust the path width mentioned above) is used to characterize the width of the area within the coverage of the working part but not covered by the effective working width perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous robot.
  • the projection width of the working part of the automatic lawn mower perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous robot as the diameter of the cutter disc.
  • the cutter disc will bend the grass when the automatic lawn mower is mowing, resulting in the grass in the edge area within the coverage of the cutter disc being unable to be cut by the cutter disc.
  • the effective working width of the automatic lawn mower is less than the diameter of the cutter disc. It can also be considered that the effective working width of the automatic lawn mower is the difference between the diameter of the cutter disc and the mowing working deviation.
  • the effective working width of the autonomous working robot is determined based on the difference between the projection width of the working part of the autonomous working robot perpendicular to the moving direction of the autonomous working robot and the set working deviation, thereby improving the working quality of the autonomous working robot.
  • the method may further include: setting the grid size according to a preset width, where the preset width includes an effective working width of the autonomous working robot.
  • the grid size can be set according to the effective working width of the autonomous working robot, that is, the effective working width is the second integer multiple of the grid size, and then a grid map of the target area is established based on the set grid size, and the spacing distances of adjacent planned paths are planned according to the first integer multiple of the grid size, so as to ensure that the corresponding worked area only contains complete grids each time the autonomous working robot works along the planned path.
  • the grid size is first set according to the effective working width of the autonomous working robot, and then a grid map of the target area is established based on the set grid size, and then the spacing distances of adjacent planned paths are planned according to the first integer multiple of the grid size, so as to ensure that the corresponding worked area only contains complete grids each time the autonomous working robot works along the planned path.
  • the grid size may be set only according to the effective working width of the autonomous robot, and when the target area includes a shadow area and/or a slope area, the grid size may be set according to the effective working width of the autonomous robot and the width of the overlap area. In addition, if multiple grid sizes can be set according to the effective working width, the largest grid size is selected. Also, if multiple grid sizes can be set according to the effective working width and the overlap area, the maximum grid size is selected. If multiple grid sizes can be set for the width, the largest grid size is selected.
  • the appropriate grid size can be selected by balancing multiple requirements based on memory cost requirements, data processing efficiency requirements, and possibility of missing processing requirements.
  • the autonomous working robot is an automatic lawn mower as an example.
  • the automatic lawn mower is provided with a working part, namely a cutter disc.
  • the cutter disc can be set on the central axis of the length direction of the automatic lawn mower, and can also be set on either the left or right side of the central axis of the length direction of the lawn mower. According to the positional relationship between the center point of the cutter disc and the central axis of the lawn mower, the center point of the cutter disc can be converted into the position of the automatic lawn mower on the grid map when planning the path, and then the mowing path planning can be carried out.
  • the automatic lawn mower When the automatic lawn mower mows the grass, it walks along the planned mowing path and must mark the mowed area on the grid map in real time by changing the pixel value of the mowed grid.
  • the pixel value of the unmowed grid can be set to 0, and after mowing, the pixel value of the mowed grid can be set to 1.
  • the process of the automatic lawn mower control method provided in this example mainly includes:
  • the resolution of the grid map can be set according to the effective cutting width, and the effective cutting width can be determined according to the blade diameter of the automatic lawn mower.
  • the effective cutting width can be equal to the blade diameter.
  • the blade diameter can be the diameter of a blade, or it can be the sum of the projection widths of multiple blades perpendicular to the mowing direction of the automatic lawn mower.
  • the grid length r blade diameter/n, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1. If the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower is equal to the blade diameter, the automatic lawn mower marks the m grids every time it cuts the area corresponding to the m grids perpendicular to the mowing direction.
  • the grid with the largest size is preferred to create the corresponding grid map.
  • the above scheme can be applied to a part of the map, and the same planning does not need to be done for the entire map, for example, the area that is not cut temporarily does not need to be planned the same.
  • the mowing path can be planned according to the effective cutting width.
  • the path passes through the midpoint of the effective cutting width.
  • the distance between two adjacent mowing paths is the effective cutting width, and the effective cutting width is equal to the difference between the diameter of the cutter disc and the width that cannot be cut by the edge of the cutter disc.
  • the mowing path is planned according to the effective cutting width.
  • the path passes through the midpoint of the effective cutting width.
  • the distance between two adjacent mowing paths is the difference between the effective cutting width and the width of the overlapping area.
  • the effective cutting width is equal to the difference between the diameter of the cutter disc and the width that cannot be cut by the edge of the cutter disc.
  • the RTK positioning accuracy decreases and the positioning result of the automatic lawn mower may deviate randomly, resulting in the automatic
  • the edge of the mowed area may not actually be mowed.
  • the width of the overlapping area of the cut areas corresponding to adjacent mowing paths can be set according to the deviation of the positioning signal when the automatic lawn mower cuts along adjacent mowing paths.
  • the areas that the automatic lawn mower needs to mark include: the first worked area, the overlapping area (actually, the set value for adjusting the path width), and the second worked area.
  • the width of the first worked area is generally equal to the width of the second worked area.
  • the width of the first worked area is 30 cm
  • the width of the second worked area is 30 cm.
  • the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower is 5 grid widths
  • adjacent mowing paths include path A and path B
  • path A passes through the midpoint of the effective cutting width
  • the path is located on the vertical line of the grid.
  • the interval between path A and path B can be the effective cutting width, that is, 5 grid widths, as shown in FIG6.
  • the spacing distance between path C and path D can be the difference between the effective cutting width and the width of the overlapping area, that is, 5 grid lengths, as shown in FIG7 .
  • the overlapping area of the cut areas corresponding to path C and path D only contains 1 complete grid, and the effective working width covers 6 complete grids.
  • the grid size of the grid map is first determined according to the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower, and then the corresponding grid map is created according to the determined grid size. Then, the path is planned on the grid map according to the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower and the width of the overlapping area of the cut area when working along the adjacent path.
  • the automatic lawn mower works in the working area along the planned path, it is ensured that the corresponding worked area only contains complete grids each time the automatic lawn mower works along the planned path, so that the automatic lawn mower can accurately mark the grids in the worked area, avoid the situation where the grids cannot be marked in the worked area, and avoid the situation of missed cutting and repeated cutting in the worked area to the greatest extent, thereby improving the work quality and work efficiency.
  • the preset width includes the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapping area.
  • the grid map is set according to the grid size, and the grid size is determined according to the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapping area.
  • the difference between the effective working width of the autonomous working robot and the width of the overlapping area is the third integer multiple of the grid size.
  • the method before obtaining the grid map of the target area, the method further includes: obtaining the overlapped Area width, obtaining the overlap area width (i.e., the set value for adjusting the path width) includes at least one of the following: obtaining the overlap area width according to user input; or, obtaining the overlap area width according to the storage data of the autonomous working robot; or, determining the overlap area width according to the area type of the target area.
  • the autonomous working robot can autonomously determine the overlap area width according to the area type of the target area.
  • the area type of the target area can at least include an open area, a shadow area, a slope area, or a user-selected area.
  • the autonomous working robot can autonomously determine the area type of the target area and determine the corresponding overlap area width according to the area type.
  • the autonomous working robot can also determine the overlap area width according to user input, for example, the overlap area width can be determined according to the user input or the user-confirmed value.
  • the user can input according to actual needs. For example, if according to the user input, the overlap area width of the target area is first determined to be the first overlap area width, then the grid map is set according to the first overlap area width, the path is planned, and the worked area is marked.
  • the first preset width of the target area is determined to be equal to the difference between the effective working width and the first overlap area width;
  • the first grid size of the first grid map of the target area is set according to the first preset width, specifically, the first preset width is the third integer multiple of the grid size, and the first grid map is set according to the first grid size;
  • the first planned path of the autonomous working robot in the first grid map is obtained, specifically, the first planned path is planned according to the first preset width, and the interval distance between adjacent planned paths is equal to the first preset width;
  • control The autonomous working robot is controlled to work along a first planned path, and in combination with the working position of the autonomous working robot, grids within a first preset width range where the autonomous working robot has worked are marked as worked areas on the first grid map.
  • several adjacent grids with a total width equal to the preset width are marked as worked areas.
  • These several adjacent grids may be located on at least one of the left and right sides of the planned path, for example, on the left or right side of the planned path, or symmetrically or asymmetrically on the left and right sides of the planned path.
  • the user may choose to re-enter to determine the overlap area width. At least partially completing the work in the target area specifically includes that the autonomous robot has completed the work in all the target areas, and that the autonomous robot has only completed the work in part of the target area. If, according to the user input, it is determined that the overlap area width of at least part of the target area is changed to the second overlap area width, at least part of the grid map is reset according to the second overlap area width, at least part of the path is re-planned, and the autonomous robot is controlled to work along the re-planned at least part of the planned path on the reset at least part of the grid map, and the worked area is marked according to the second overlap area width.
  • the second preset width of at least part of the target area is equal to the difference between the effective working width and the second overlap area width.
  • the second grid size corresponding to all or part of the target area is re-determined according to the second preset width, and the second grid map corresponding to all or part of the target area is generated according to the second grid size.
  • the second planned path of the autonomous robot in the second grid map is obtained, and the interval distance between adjacent second planned paths is equal to the second preset width.
  • the autonomous working robot is controlled to work in all or part of the target area along a second planned path, and based on the current working position of the autonomous working robot, the grids within a second preset width range where the autonomous working robot has worked are marked as worked areas on the second grid map.
  • the user can choose to update the overlap area width at any time according to actual needs. For example, if the user feels that the current overlap area width is too large, resulting in low cutting efficiency, the user can choose to pause the autonomous robot's work, re-enter a smaller overlap area width, and then control the autonomous robot to complete the work and marking of the remaining target areas based on the updated grid map, planned path and preset width from the location where the work was interrupted. If the user feels that the current overlap area width is too small, resulting in too many missed cutting areas, the user can also choose to pause the autonomous robot's work and re-enter a larger overlap area width. The autonomous working robot is then controlled to complete the work and marking of the remaining target area starting from the location where the work was interrupted according to the updated grid map, planned path and preset width.
  • the user can also choose to update the overlap area width according to actual needs. Then, when the autonomous robot works next time, the autonomous robot completes the task and marks the target area according to the updated grid map, planned path and preset width.
  • the autonomous working robot may also determine the overlap area width according to the data stored by the autonomous working robot. Specifically, if the overlap area width of the target area obtained according to the stored data of the autonomous working robot is the third overlap area width, then the third preset width of the target area is determined to be equal to the difference between the effective working width and the third overlap area width; the third grid size of the third grid map of the target area is set according to the third preset width; the third planned path of the autonomous working robot in the third grid map is obtained; the autonomous working robot is controlled to work along the third planned path, and in combination with the working position of the autonomous working robot, the grid within the third preset width range worked by the autonomous working robot is marked as a worked area on the third grid map.
  • the planned path passes through the midpoint of the preset width.
  • the grid size of the grid map is first determined according to the difference between the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower and the width of the overlapping area, and then the corresponding grid map is created according to the determined grid size. Then, a path is planned on the grid map according to the difference between the effective cutting width of the automatic lawn mower and the width of the overlapping area, so that when the automatic lawn mower works in the working area along the planned path, it is ensured that each time the automatic lawn mower works along the planned path, the area within the difference range of the corresponding effective cutting width and the width of the overlapping area only contains complete grids, so that the automatic lawn mower can accurately mark the grids in the working area, avoid the situation where the grids cannot be marked in the working area, and avoid the situation of missed cutting and repeated cutting in the working area to the greatest extent, thereby improving the work quality and work efficiency.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an autonomous working robot, as shown in FIG8 , the autonomous working robot comprises: a processor 310 and a memory 311 storing a computer program; wherein, the processor 310 illustrated in FIG8 is not used to indicate that the number of processors 310 is one, but is only used to indicate the positional relationship of the processor 310 relative to other devices.
  • the number of processors 310 may be one or more; similarly, the memory 311 illustrated in FIG8 has the same meaning, that is, it is only used to indicate the positional relationship of the memory 311 relative to other devices. In practical applications, the number of the memory 311 may be one or more.
  • the processor 310 runs the computer program, the control method of the autonomous working robot is implemented.
  • the autonomous working robot may also include: at least one network interface 312.
  • the various components in the autonomous working robot are coupled together via a bus system 313. It is understood that the bus system 313 is used to achieve connection and communication between these components.
  • the bus system 313 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are labeled as bus system 313 in FIG. 8.
  • the memory 311 may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a ferromagnetic random access memory (FRAM), a flash memory, a magnetic surface memory, an optical disk, or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM); the magnetic surface memory may be a disk memory or a tape memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external high-speed cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • the memory 311 described in the embodiment of the present invention is intended to include but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the memory 311 in the embodiment of the present invention is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the autonomous working robot.
  • Examples of these data include: any computer program used to operate on the autonomous working robot, such as an operating system and an application; contact data; phone book data; messages; pictures; videos, etc.
  • the operating system includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, etc., which are used to implement various basic services and process hardware-based tasks.
  • the application program may include various applications, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser (Browser), etc., which are used to implement various application services.
  • the program that implements the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be included in the application program.
  • this embodiment further provides a computer storage medium, in which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer storage medium may be a ferromagnetic random access memory (FRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory, a magnetic surface memory, an optical disc, or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM); or various devices including one or any combination of the above-mentioned memories, such as a mobile phone, a computer, a tablet device, a personal digital assistant, etc.
  • FRAM ferromagnetic random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • flash memory a magnetic surface memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory

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Abstract

一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,该方法包括:获取目标区域的栅格地图,栅格地图包括多个栅格,栅格根据栅格尺寸设置(S101);获取自主工作机器人在栅格地图内的规划路径,相邻的规划路径的间隔距离为栅格尺寸的第一整数倍(S102);根据规划路径控制自主工作机器人工作,并在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格标记为已工作区域;有效工作宽度是栅格尺寸的第二整数倍(S103)。如此,通过控制自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度和相邻的规划路径的间隔距离分别为栅格地图中栅格尺寸的整数倍,确保自主工作机器人每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的已工作区域只包含完整的栅格,方便准确标记已工作区域对应的栅格,并提高了工作效率。

Description

自主工作机器人的控制方法、自主工作机器人及存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及智能控制技术领域,特别是涉及一种自主工作机器人的控制方法、自主工作机器人及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
随着计算机技术和人工智能技术的不断进步,类似于智能机器人的自主工作机器人的应用越来越广泛。自主工作机器人无需人工操作,便可以在限定的工作区域内移动并工作。
通常,自主工作机器人会获取目标区域的地图,根据地图对目标区域中的路径进行规划,控制自主工作机器人沿着规划得到的路径行驶和/或工作。
发明内容
为克服相关技术中存在的问题,本公开提供一种自主工作机器人的控制方法、自主工作机器人及存储介质。为达到上述目的:
本申请的一个实施例中提供了一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述自主工作机器人包括:工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动,所述方法包括:
获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图;
根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,以遍历所述目标区域,所述多条路径之间相互平行,所述多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,所述目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于其中,R1表示所述至少部分区域中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,W表示所述工作部的工作范围,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
在一种可能的实现方式中,根据所述地图生成规划路径,包括:将所述地图边界内缩预设距离S,根据内缩后的地图生成规划路径,其中,生成的规划路径数目N小于等于
在一种可能的实现方式中,B≤2cm。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述移动部包括:前移动部、后移动部,至少所述前移动部与所述工作部在所述目标区域的投影重叠量小于等于W*5%。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述前移动部在所述目标区域的投影以及所述工作部在所述目标区域的投影之间的重叠量为0。
在一种可能的实现方式中,,所述目标区域包括卫星信号强度大于等于预设阈值的区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中,控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径行驶,以遍历所述 目标区域,包括:控制所述自主工作机器人在第一工作周期沿多条第一路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域;控制所述自主工作机器人在第二工作周期沿多条第二路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域,所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间至少部分不重叠。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间大致平行,且相邻的所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间的距离大于等于5cm和/或小于等于(W-B-5)cm。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间形成预设角度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述工作部被配置为执行割草工作;相应的,所述方法还包括:获取所述自主工作机器人附近的环境参数,所述环境参数反映所述目标区域中草的生长速度;根据所述环境参数调整所述第一工作周期和第二工作周期之间的时间间隔。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述第二工作周期与所述第一工作周期之间的时间间隔小于等于48小时。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述地图包括:栅格地图,所述栅格地图中包括多个栅格,根据所述栅格地图生成多条路径,控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,并在所述栅格地图上将其覆盖过的预设宽度的栅格标记为已工作,所述预设宽度是所述栅格尺寸的整数倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中,当所述工作部位于所述自主工作机器人的中轴线上时,相应的,所述多条路径中的各个路径分别经过所述预设宽度的中点。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述栅格尺寸包括:栅格宽度,所述栅格宽度等于(W-B)/n,其中,n表示预先设置的待标记栅格数。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述方法还包括:根据以下至少之一的方式确定所述设定值:根据所述目标区域的区域类型确定所述设定值,或,根据用户输入确定所述设定值;或,根据所述自主工作机器人的存储数据确定所述设定值。
本发明实施例还提供了一种自主工作机器人,所述自主工作机器人包括:
工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;
移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动;
控制器,所述控制器与所述工作部以及所述移动部信号相连,
所述控制器获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域中的地图;根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域,所述多条路径之间相互平行,所述多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反;所述目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),其中,R1表示所述至少部分区域中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,W表示所述工作部的工作范围的宽度,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
在本申请的实施例中,根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,以遍历目标区域,多条路径之间相互平行,多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),1.2cm≤B≤7cm,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值。根据该路径规划方式以及该设定值以实现又快又好的工作。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器加载并执行以实现上述方案中所述的方法。
本发明实施例还提供了一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述自主工作机器人包括:
工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;
移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动;
所述方法包括:
获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图,所述地图包括:栅格地图,所述栅格地图中包括多个栅格;
根据所述栅格地图生成多条路径;
控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,并在所述栅格地图上将其覆盖过的预设宽度的栅格标记为已工作,所述预设宽度是所述栅格尺寸的整数倍。
本发明实施例还提供了一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述自主工作机器人包括:工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动,所述方法包括:
获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图;
根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,以遍历所述目标区域,所述多条路径之间相互平行,所述多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,所述相邻路径之间的路径宽度大于等于(W-B),其中,W表示所述工作部的工作范围,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定所述自主工作机器人值在移动过程中的位置偏差,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
本申请实施例还提供了一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述方法包括:
获取目标区域的栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括多个栅格,所述栅格根据栅格尺寸设置;获取所述自主工作机器人在所述栅格地图内的规划路径;
控制所述自主工作机器人沿所述规划路径工作,结合所述自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在所述栅格地图上将所述自主工作机器人工作过的预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域;所述预设宽度是所述栅格尺寸的整数倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述预设宽度小于等于所述自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述预设宽度包括所述自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度;所述有效工作宽度是所述栅格尺寸的第二整数倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中,相邻的所述规划路径的间隔距离为所述栅格尺寸的第一整数倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述目标区域包括开阔区域,所述开阔区域为卫星定位信号满足预设质量要求的区域;在所述开阔区域中,所述第一整数倍等于所述第二整数倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述目标区域包括阴影区域和/或坡度区域,所述阴影区域为卫星定位信号不满足质量要求的区域,所述坡度区域为坡角值等于或大于预设坡角值的区域;在所述阴影区域和/或坡度区域中,所述第一整数倍小于所述第二整数倍;所述间隔距离等于所述有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值;所述重合区域宽度用于表征所述自主工作机器人沿相邻的所述规划路径分别工作过程中工作过至少两次的栅格垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述规划路径经过所述有效工作宽度的中点。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述有效工作宽度为所述自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若所述自主工作机器人包括多个工作部,则所述有效工 作宽度为多个所述工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人运动前进方向的投影宽度之和。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述有效工作宽度为所述自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的宽度与设定的工作偏差的差值,所述工作偏差用于表征位于所述工作部的覆盖范围内但所述工作部实际不能覆盖的区域范围垂直于所述自主工作机器人运动前进方向的宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述栅格尺寸包括栅格长度和/或栅格宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若所述栅格尺寸包括栅格长度和栅格宽度,则所述栅格长度与所述栅格宽度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述预设宽度包括所述自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值;所述所述自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值为所述栅格尺寸的第三整数倍。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述重合区域宽度用于表征所述自主工作机器人沿相邻的所述规划路径分别工作过程中工作过至少两次的栅格垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述自主工作机器人根据所述目标区域的区域类型确定所述重合区域宽度,所述目标区域的区域类型至少包括以下一种:开阔区域;阴影区域;坡度区域;用户选定区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在所述获取目标区域的栅格地图前,所述方法还包括:获取所述重合区域宽度,获取所述重合区域宽度至少包括:根据用户输入获取所述重合区域宽度;或,根据所述自主工作机器人的存储数据获取所述重合区域宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若根据用户输入获取目标区域的重合区域宽度为第一重合区域宽度,则确定所述目标区域的第一间隔距离等于所述有效工作宽度与所述第一重合区域宽度的差值;根据所述第一间隔距离确定所述目标区域的第一预设宽度;根据所述第一预设宽度设置所述目标区域的第一栅格地图的第一栅格尺寸;获取所述自主工作机器人在所述第一栅格地图内的第一规划路径;控制所述自主工作机器人沿所述第一规划路径工作,结合所述自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在所述第一栅格地图上将所述自主工作机器人工作过的第一预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若根据用户输入获取至少部分所述目标区域的重合区域宽度变更为第二重合区域宽度,则确定所述至少部分目标区域的第二间隔距离等于所述有效工作宽度与所述第二重合区域宽度的差值;根据所述第二间隔距离确定至少部分所述目标区域的第二预设宽度;根据所述第二预设宽度设置至少部分所述目标区域的第二栅格地图的第二栅格尺寸;获取所述自主工作机器人在所述第二栅格地图内的第二规划路径;控制所述自主工作机器人沿所述第二规划路径工作,结合所述自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在所述第二栅格地图上将所述自主工作机器人工作过的第二预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若根据所述自主工作机器人的存储数据获取目标区域的重合区域宽度为第三重合区域宽度,则确定所述目标区域的第三间隔距离等于所述有效工作宽度与所述第三重合区域宽度的差值;根据所述第三间隔距离确定所述目标区域的第三预设宽度;根据所述第三预设宽度设置所述目标区域的第三栅格地图的第三栅格尺寸;获取所述自主工作机器人在所述第三栅格地图内的第三规划路径;控制所述自主工作机器人沿所述第三规划路径工作,结合所述自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在所述 第三栅格地图上将所述自主工作机器人工作过的第三预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述自主工作机器人工作过的预设宽度范围内的栅格,位于所述规划路径左右两侧中的至少一侧,任一所述规划路径对应的所述预设宽度范围内的栅格垂直于所述规划路径的总宽度等于所述预设宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述规划路径经过所述预设宽度的中点。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述有效工作宽度为所述自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若所述自主工作机器人包括多个工作部,则所述有效工作宽度为多个所述工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人运动前进方向的投影宽度之和。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述有效工作宽度为所述自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于所述自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度与设定的工作偏差的差值,所述工作偏差用于表征位于所述工作部的覆盖范围内但所述工作部工作不到的区域范围垂直于所述自主工作机器人运动前进方向的宽度。
第二方面,本申请实施例提供一种自主工作机器人,包括:处理器和存储有计算机程序的存储器,在所述处理器运行所述计算机程序时,实现上述方法的步骤。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述方法的步骤。
本公开实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果:通过控制自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度或自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值分别为栅格地图中栅格尺寸的整数倍,确保自主工作机器人每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的已工作区域只包含完整的栅格,使得每次都可对已工作区域中包含的所有栅格进行标记,方便准确标记已工作区域对应的栅格,避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格情况,解决了现有技术中因已工作区域包含不完整的栅格导致无法标记栅格的问题。同时,由于避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格的情况,使得自主工作机器人不需要对无法标记栅格中已处理部分进行重复处理,减少了重复工作,解决了现有技术中因已工作区域包含不完整的栅格导致重复处理的问题,提高了工作效率。
附图说明
图1为自主工作机器人的工作过程示意图;
图2为真实世界中的坐标转换为栅格地图中的栅格的示意图;
图3为现有技术中为自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的示意图一;
图4为现有技术中自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的示意图二;
图5为本发明实施例提供的自主工作机器人的控制方法的流程示意图;
图6为本发明实施例中自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的示意图一;
图7为本发明实施例中自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的示意图二;
图8为本发明实施例提供的自主工作机器人的结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例提供的自主工作机器人的工作场景示意图;
图10为本发明实施例提供的自主工作机器人的另一控制方法的流程示意图;
图11为一种栅格地图中含有自主工作机器人的示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明,其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附 图时,除非另有表示,不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反,它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素,此外,本申请不同实施例中具有同样命名的部件、特征、要素可能具有相同含义,也可能具有不同含义,其具体含义需以其在该具体实施例中的解释或者进一步结合该具体实施例中上下文进行确定。
应当理解,尽管在本文可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息,但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如,在不脱离本文范围的情况下,第一信息也可以被称为第二信息,类似地,第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。取决于语境,如在此所使用的词语"如果"可以被解释成为"在……时"或"当……时"或"响应于确定"。再者,如同在本文中所使用的,单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式,除非上下文中有相反的指示。应当进一步理解,术语“包含”、“包括”表明存在所述的特征、步骤、操作、元件、组件、项目、种类、和/或组,但不排除一个或多个其他特征、步骤、操作、元件、组件、项目、种类、和/或组的存在、出现或添加。此处使用的术语“或”和“和/或”被解释为包括性的,或意味着任一个或任何组合。因此,“A、B或C”或者“A、B和/或C”意味着“以下任一个:A;B;C;A和B;A和C;B和C;A、B和C”。仅当元件、功能、步骤或操作的组合在某些方式下内在地互相排斥时,才会出现该定义的例外。
应该理解的是,虽然本申请实施例中的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示,但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。除非本文中有明确的说明,这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制,其可以以其他的顺序执行。而且,图中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段,这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成,而是可以在不同的时刻执行,其执行顺序也不必然是依次进行,而是可以与其他步骤或者其他步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替地执行。
需要说明的是,在本文中,采用了诸如S101、S102等步骤代号,其目的是为了更清楚简要地表述相应内容,不构成顺序上的实质性限制,本领域技术人员在具体实施时,可能会先执行S102后执行S101等,但这些均应在本申请的保护范围之内。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。在后续的描述中,使用用于表示元件的诸如“模块”、“部件”或者“单元”的后缀仅为了有利于本申请的说明,其本身没有特定的意义。因此,“模块”、“部件”或者“单元”可以混合地使用。
如图1所示,本公开实施例中的自主工作机器人100可以在目标区域200内自主移动,以自动执行作业任务。其中,自主工作机器人可以是自动割草机、自动洒水器、自动施肥器、自动扫地机、自动扫雪机等适合无人值守的设备,它们自动行走于工作区域的表面,进行割草、洒水、施肥、吸尘或者扫雪工作,也可以为其它适合无人值守的设备,本说明书实施例对此不作限定。自主工作机器人1在由如图9所示的外边界2以及内边界3限定的工作范围内移动并工作,具体的,外边界内部以及内边界外部所限定的 目标区域,内边界3内部称为孤岛或障碍物。当机器人电量不足时,回归充电站4进行充电。自主工作机器人通过其工作部实现特定功能,且不同的工作部可能不相同,例如,自动割草机的工作部为执行割草工作的刀盘,自动洒水器的工作部为洒水部件,自动施肥器的工作部为施肥部件,自动扫地机的工作部为滚刷或者拖布等。需要说明的是,自主工作机器人还可包括向移动部以及工作部输出控制指令的控制器;以及,带动其移动的移动部如车轮等,为自主工作机器人的移动和工作提供动力的动力装置如电机及与电机连接的传动结构,以及为自主工作机器人的工作部、移动部和动力装置提供工作所需能量的电源装置,如电池包等。下面以自主工作机器人为自动割草机为例对本申请进行说明。
考虑到由于地形、卫星信号质量变化、控制信号(如,电机)的传输或响应延时、机器自身装配、使用过程中刀片刀盘等的磨损等影响,导致在得到目自主工作机器人沿规划路径移动的过程中容易出现部分工作区域的工作遗漏的问题,例如:自动割草机沿目标区域中的规划路径移动时可能会存在漏割的现象。为了解决该问题,可以通过人工控制机器对漏草区域进行补割,但该方式较为繁琐且不够智能。在本申请的实施例中,可以在规划路径时将该工作范围W减少一定设定值B以避免漏割,即通过增加路径之间的重合度来避免漏割。然而,采用这种方式工作时,如果路径宽度过小,工作时切割区域之间重叠过大,会导致机器人在较大范围的区域内重复工作,工作效率较低;如果路径宽度过大,工作时切割区域之间重叠过小,会导致工作区域中存在漏割。针对如何设置路径宽度以保证高质量高效率工作的问题,本申请提出了一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,在该方法中,通过控制目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),其中,R1表示所述至少部分区域中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,W表示所述工作部的工作范围,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值,1.2cm≤B≤7cm,从而保证机器人基本可以实现不存在工作遗漏且比较高效的切割。或者,也可以控制目标区域的至少部分区域中相邻路径之间的路径宽度大于等于(W-B),从而保证机器人基本可以实现不存在工作遗漏且比较高效的切割。具体的,如图10所示,本申请实施例所提出的方案如下:
S1001:获取自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图。
S1002:根据地图生成规划路径,并控制自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动行驶,以遍历目标区域,多条路径之间相互平行,多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,目标区域的至少部分区域中多条路径中至少部分连续路径所确定的区域中,所述路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),其中,R1表示至少部分区域中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,如图11中所示意,W表示工作部的工作范围,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
当机器人沿着路径宽度为工作部宽度W的路径行驶时,由于各种误差的存在,工作区域中会存在漏割。针对如何设置路径宽度以保证高质量高效率工作的问题,技术人员进行多次针对性测试,测试过程中所针对的工作区域为不存在孤岛的规则区域,本申请中涉及的应用场景也是如图11或图10中虚线画框区域所示的不存在孤岛的规则区域,图11为图10中虚线画框区域所对应的栅格地图。例如:将机器人放置在卫星信号较好的开阔区域,控制其沿着路径宽度为工作部宽度W的规划路径行驶。统计机器人沿规划位置行驶时的实际位置与规划位置之间的距离发现二者之间的位置偏差始终小于等于7cm。因此,在规划路径时,可以设置路径宽度为(W-7cm),这样,机器人在沿着该规划路径移动时始终不会漏草。进一步的,统计多个实际位置与规划位置之间的位置偏差, 以及多个位置偏差的出现概率,分析该统计结果得到位置偏差的出现概率大约符合高斯正态分布。出现概率比较高(约为68%左右)的西格玛所代表的位置偏差为1.2cm,即,在约68%左右的工况下,机器人按照规划路径行驶时,实际行驶的位置均会落在该位置偏差范围内,也就是说,工作区域会存在1.2cm左右的漏草。出现概率更高(约为95%左右)的2西格玛所代表的位置偏差为2cm,即,在约95%左右的工况下,机器人按照规划路径行驶时,实际行驶的位置均会落在该位置偏差范围内,也就是说,工作区域会存在2cm左右的漏草。因此,如果想在更普遍存在的工况下不漏草,可以将路径宽度缩小2cm,也就是,可以设置用于调整路径宽度的设定值为2cm。
由于影响机器人移动位置的因素有多个,如:使用过程中机器人产生的各种损耗以及多个部件的装配误差,如:行驶部,工作部的装配误差。当技术人员采用刚刚出厂的同款机器人进行同样的测试时,发现出现概率比较高(约为95%左右)的西格玛所代表的位置偏差为1.2cm,即,在约95%左右的工况下,机器人按照规划路径行驶时,实际行驶的位置均会落在该位置偏差范围内。当然技术人员也针对不同时间不同工况进行多次测试,结论类似。因此,当用户需要快速切割时,可以设置用于调整路径宽度的设定值为1.2cm,从而将所规划的路径宽度调整为(W-1.2)。在上述测试环境下,若机器人的各项条件都优化到了比较理想的程度,可以设置较小的设定值,如1.2cm。对于定位环境、磨具精度、装配精度等等条件没有满足的机器人,需要配置更大的设定值,比如7cm。
因此,在本申请中,在根据地图生成规划路径时,可以根据机器人的工作部宽度以及设定值确定所规划的路径宽度为(W-B),其中,1.2cm≤B≤7cm,多条路径之间相互平行,且相邻路径之间方向相反,从而,至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),其中,如图11所示,R1表示至少部分区域所确定的平面中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,W表示工作部的工作范围,也可以是工作部的宽度,如:刀盘宽度,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值。其中,设定值可以是用户输入1.2cm至7cm之间的值;至少部分区域为不存在孤岛的规则区域,可以是整个工作区域,也可以是从整个工作区域中截取的满足孤岛要求的规则区域,本申请对此不作限定。
进一步的,当获取工作地图后进行路径规划时,可以内缩地图边界S,根据内缩后的地图生成规划路径,其中,生成的规划路径的数目N小于等于(R1-2S)/(W-B)。
在本申请的一个实施例中,还可以对机器人结构进行优化以满足高质量切割。例如,通过设置前移动部与工作部在目标区域的投影重叠量小于等于W*5%。即,机器人在向前行驶的过程中前轮会对部分草挤压使其倒下,割草机无法切割刚刚倒下的草,因而会产生漏割。通过这样的设置方式,工作部的工作范围不包含前轮刚刚压倒的草,这样就不会存在由于此类问题导致的漏割。较优的,投影重叠量为0。对于后轮而言,后轮在目标区域的投影可以与工作部的投影重叠,因为在后轮压倒草之后,机器人不会立刻切割该区域的草,而是过一段时间才会经过此处,此时草已经基本恢复正常生长状态,容易切割。当然,考虑到后退情景下漏割,后轮也可以设置为与工作部的工作范围不重叠。
一种情况下,若草坪使用环境对于草坪高度的要求比较高,不能出现高低不平的情况,则需要控制设定值尽可能大于等于机器人可能出现的位置偏差,以满足草坪使用需求。另一种情况下,当设定值与机器人位置偏差较接近或基本相同时,则机器人工作后的草坪可能会存在一定程度的漏草。技术人员发现,对于草坪平整度不具有严苛要求的场景下,当对草坪进行高频维护时,少量的漏草并不会被肉眼识别到,只要第一次未切割的草能够在第二次切割时被切割到。比如,家庭使用的机器人,通常会一天切割一次。 本申请的一个实施例中,可以在第二工作周期中通过其他方式对该目标区域进行二次补割以避免出现有可能存在的漏草,其中,第二次切割的第二路径与第一次切割的第一路径之间至少部分不重叠。
在一个实施例中,当机器人在目标区域中以W-7cm的路径宽度行驶一段时间后,用户将设定值修改为2cm,从而路径宽度调整为(W-2cm)。机器人可以获取原栅格地图中未标记为已工作的栅格,并根据调整后的路径宽度重新调整栅格地图中各个的栅格的值,根据调整后的栅格地图对未工作区域进行工作。
在一个实施例中,获取自主工作机器人附近的环境参数,环境参数反映目标区域中草的生长速度;根据环境参数调整第一工作周期和第二工作周期之间的时间间隔。其中,生长速度和时间间隔为负相关的关系。例如:环境参数可以是摄像头采集的图像,根据图像中的草高确定其生长速度,当相同间隔时间所采集到的草高差变大时,说明草的生长速度较快;也可以是从云端获取的天气信息或季节信息,当气温高时草的生长速度快;也可以根据天气信息或者光敏传感器采集的光照强度信息,当光照强度较强时草的生长速度快。当草的生长速度快时,二次切割与前次切割的时间间隔较短;当草的生长速度慢时,二次切割与前次切割的时间间隔较长,采用这种方式即使第一次发生漏割,用户也无法明显识别出该漏割现象,用户体验也较好。通常情况下,可以设置第二工作周期的起始时间与第一工作周期之间的时间间隔的起始时间差值小于等于48小时。通过针对不同场景设置不同的周期间隔,保证即使前一次切割时存在漏割,用户也无法明显识别,用户体验好,且大大提高工作效率。
在一个实施例中,二次切割时的第二路径与第一次切割时的第一路径之间大致平行,且相邻的第二路径与第一路径之间的距离大于等于5cm和/或小于等于(W-B-5)cm。当机器人沿第一路径以及第二路径行驶时,其所覆盖过的栅格与实际工作区域场景中可能会存在小于等于5cm的漏割,因此可以进行该路径平移操作以实现补割,进一步的,平移后的位置需要满足下面实施例中所提及的覆盖过的预设宽度为整数倍栅格尺寸的要求。采用上面的实施例中所提出将第一次切割路径平移一段距离得到二次切割路径,从而机器人沿着该路径移动时,可以将上次漏割的区域补充切割干净。
在一个实施例中,第二路径与第一路径之间形成预设角度。可以通过与第一路径不同的路径对目标区域进行切割,从而机器人沿着该路径移动时,可以将上次漏割的区域补充切割干净。
在全覆盖作业模式下,自主工作机器人一般会沿在栅格地图内规划好的规划路径移动并工作。其中,栅格地图是一种常用的高精地图形式,其将环境划分成一系列栅格。常规的栅格地图的分辨率可根据需要的地图精度确定。例如,若需要地图精度高一些,则设置栅格长度r小一些,以使分辨率即1/r大一些;若需要地图精度低一些,则设置栅格长度r大一些,以使分辨率即1/r小一些。如图2所示,在一维空间的情况下,图2中x表示真实世界中的坐标,i为离散化了的地图(即栅格地图)中的坐标,r为一栅格的长度,1/r表示分辨率,且i=ceil(x/r)。假设r等于10cm,则根据x所在的坐标区间可确定对应的i,即若0<x≤10cm,则i=1;若10cm<x≤20cm,则i=2;若20cm<x≤30cm,则i=3,并以此类推。同理,在二维空间的情况下,对应(i,j)=(ceil(x/r),ceil(y/r)),其中,x和y为真实世界中的坐标,i和j为离散化了的地图(即栅格地图)中的坐标。这里,栅格地图包括多个栅格,栅格根据栅格尺寸设置,且每个栅格的大小相同。
在自主工作机器人工作过程中,需要在栅格地图中对已工作区域进行标记。然而, 由于现有技术只根据精度要求设置栅格地图的分辨率,导致标记已工作区域时存在以下两个问题(以自主工作机器人为自动割草机为例):一个问题是在自动割草机切割过程中,需要对切割过的区域进行标记,以与未切割的区域相区分,标记在栅格地图中进行,以单个栅格为单位,即一次标记只能标记整个栅格。若设置栅格地图的分辨率时,未考虑分辨率与自动割草机的有效切割宽度的关系,则可能导致切割过的区域对应到栅格地图上时,可能包含不完整的栅格。当包含不完整栅格时,若标记整个栅格,则该栅格中未切割部分会漏割;若不对该栅格进行标记,则栅格中已切割部分会被重复切割,降低工作效率。因此,无法对切割区域包含不完整栅格的情况进行合理标记。如图3所示,假设自动割草机的有效工作宽度为5个栅格,当自动割草机沿A路径工作时,图3中箭头指示的方向为自动割草机运动前进方向,此时已工作区域(如图3中画斜线部分所示)包括分别沿A路径两侧的2.5个栅格,由于已工作区域包括不完整的栅格,若不标记已工作区域中不完整的栅格,则该不完整的栅格中已切割部分会被重复切割,降低了工作效率。
另一个问题是基于实时动态差分法(Real-time kinematic,RTK)的自动割草机在工作时,由于定位精度不足,自动割草机沿规划路径工作时,它的实际工作位置会相对于规划路径上的点向规划路径的左右两侧偏移,导致自动割草机切割的区域也向规划路径的左右两侧偏移。目前的解决方式是在规划自动割草机的路径时,在相邻两条路径之间设置重合区域,使自动割草机沿两条相邻路径切割时,先后两次切割重合区域,可解决由于定位精度不足造成的切割区域偏移的问题,避免漏切割。因此,在自动割草机沿两条相邻路径切割时,自动割草机需要分别标记两条相邻路径对应的已工作区域,包括第一已工作区域、重合区域、第二已工作区域,若这三部分区域中任一个区域包含不完整的栅格,则无法实现准确标记这三部分区域。或者,自动割草机需要分别标记两条相邻路径对应的已工作区域,已工作区域等于自动割草机的割草组件实际切割的区域减去重合区域,若自动割草机的割草组件实际切割的区域减去重合区域对应的区域包含不完整的栅格,则无法实现准确标记已工作区域。例如,如图4所示,A路径与B路径为相邻的路径,图4中箭头指示的方向为自动割草机运动前进方向,假设自动割草机的有效工作宽度为5个栅格,自主工作机器人沿A路径工作时对应切割的已切割区域为第一已工作区域(如图4中画斜线部分所示)和沿B路径工作时对应切割的已切割区域为第二已工作区域(如图4中画斜线部分所示)分别包括4.5个栅格,而第一已工作区域和第二已工作区域的重合区域(如图4中画斜线部分所示)包括0.5个栅格,此时存在无法准确标记重合区域的问题。
因此,现有技术中存在需要解决如何创建栅格地图的问题,使栅格地图满足后续的标记已切割区域的需求,使得根据标记已切割区域的需求确定栅格地图中的栅格尺寸并创建栅格地图后,自动割草机不会存在由于已切割区域包括不完整的栅格导致漏割或工作效率低的问题,在相邻规划路径的间隔距离与已切割区域的宽度不一致的情况下,还需要满足路径规划需求,使得根据路径规划和标记已切割区域的需求确定栅格地图中的栅格尺寸并创建栅格地图后,自动割草机不会存在由于已切割区域包括不完整的栅格导致漏割或工作效率低的问题。基于此,本申请提出一种自主工作机器人的控制方法。应该说明的是,虽然本公开提供了如下述实施例或附图所示的方法操作步骤,但基于常规或者无需创造性的劳动在所述方法中可以包括更多或者更少的操作步骤。在逻辑性上不存在必要因果关系的步骤中,这些步骤的执行顺序不限于本公开实施例提供的执行顺序。
该方法可以由一种自主工作机器人的控制装置来执行,该装置可以采用软件和/或硬件的方式来实现,本实施例中以该方法的执行主体为自主工作机器人为例,本实施例提供的方法包括:
步骤1:获取目标区域的栅格地图,所述栅格地图中包括多个栅格,所述栅格根据栅格尺寸设置。
需要说明的是,目标区域的栅格地图可以由自主工作机器人本身或云端服务器处理生成,相应的,自主工作机器人可以从自身或云端服务器获取目标区域的栅格地图。若自主工作机器人是从自身获取目标区域的栅格地图,则可具体为自主工作机器人从自身的存储装置如存储器中调取目标区域的栅格地图。若自主工作机器人是从云端服务器获取目标区域的栅格地图,则可具体为自主工作机器人向云端服务器发送用于获取目标区域的栅格地图的地图获取请求,并接收云端响应地图获取请求所下发的目标区域的栅格地图。其中,自主工作机器人或云端服务器生成栅格地图的具体操作可参考现有相关技术,在此不再赘述。
其中,目标区域可以为自主工作机器人将要工作的区域。对于类型不同的自主工作机器人,目标区域的类型可以相应不同,例如,对于自动割草机,目标区域的类型可以为草地区域;对于自动扫地机,目标区域的类型可以为地面区域等。目标区域的栅格地图可以是只包含目标区域的栅格地图,也可以是既包含目标区域,还包含其它区域如目标区域的相邻区域的栅格地图。
栅格尺寸可包括栅格长度和/或栅格宽度。栅格长度是指在栅格地图中上下相邻的两条分界线之间的距离,栅格宽度是指在栅格地图中左右相邻的两条分界线之间的距离,如图6中所示。此外,若栅格尺寸包括栅格长度和栅格宽度,则可设置栅格长度与栅格宽度相等,以方便规划路径和标记栅格等处理。这里,整数倍可以根据实际情况需要进行设置,比如可结合自主工作机器人的存储空间和工作精度要求进行设置等。通常而言,整数倍中的整数至少大于或等于2。
步骤2:根据地图生成所述机器人在所述栅格地图内的规划路径,相邻路径之间的间隔距离为栅格尺寸的整数倍。
在本申请的一个实施例中,可以将方向相反的相邻路径之间的间隔距离(也可以称为路径宽度)设置为栅格尺寸的整数倍,相邻路径之间的间隔距离为(W-B),该相邻路径之间的间隔距离也就是机器人的有效工作宽度,有效工作宽度(预设宽度)为栅格尺寸的整数倍。通过这样的方式确定栅格地图中的栅格尺寸,从而当机器人沿着规划路径移动时会覆盖完整栅格,而不会包含不完整的栅格,从而解决了上述多割或漏割的问题。
需要说明的是,自主工作机器人在栅格地图内的规划路径可以由自主工作机器人本身或云端服务器处理生成,相应的,自主工作机器人可以从自身或云端服务器获取在栅格地图内的规划路径。若自主工作机器人是从自身获取在栅格地图内的规划路径,则可具体为自主工作机器人从自身的存储装置如存储器中调取在栅格地图内的规划路径。若自主工作机器人是从云端服务器获取在栅格地图内的规划路径,则可具体为自主工作机器人向云端服务器发送用于获取在栅格地图内的规划路径的路径获取请求,并接收云端响应路径获取请求所下发的在栅格地图内的规划路径。
可以理解,为了使自主工作机器人能够在目标区域内正常工作或完成指定工作任务,需要控制自主工作机器人按照规划路径在目标区域内进行工作,因此,在控制自主工作机器人工作之前,需要先获取自主工作机器人在栅格地图内的规划路径。其中,在栅格 地图内的规划路径可能有多条,且不同规划路径的位置通常是相邻的。相邻的规划路径是指在栅格地图内地理位置之间距离最近的规划路径,如图6中所示的A路径与B路径,机器人沿A路径或B路径移动时所覆盖的区域,即预设宽度或者有效工作宽度(W-B)为栅格尺寸的整数倍,从而栅格宽度等于(W-B)/n。具体的,可以根据内存大小、地图精度等确定整数倍对应的数值,例如:3,4等。例如:图11示意出了目标区域的满足无孤岛条件的部分区域,对其进行路径规划时,割草机100的刀盘的工作范围W为35cm,设定值为7cm,栅格尺寸的整数倍为3,从而可以将图11中示意的栅格宽度设置为(35-7)/3=9.3cm,控制割草机按照图11中示意的部分路径工作;如果获取设定值为2cm,则可以将图11中示意的栅格宽度调整为(35-2)/3=11cm,控制割草机按照图11中示意的部分路径工作。
需要说明的是,可以根据刀盘在机器人上的位置确定规划路径,刀盘偏置则相应的路径方向位于预设宽度(有效工作宽度)的偏置方向,刀盘居中则相应的路径方向经过预设宽度(有效工作宽度)的中点。图6以及图7中所示路径方向为刀盘居中的场景下的路径方向。若相邻路径之间的间隔距离为奇数倍栅格尺寸,如图6中所示,自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度为5倍栅格宽度,A路径经过栅格a的中点,B路径经过栅格b的点。若相邻路径之间的间隔距离为偶数倍栅格尺寸,则规划路径可以位于相邻两个栅格的分界线处,栅格的分界线用于将相邻的栅格进行分隔开来,如图7中所示,自主工作机器人的预设宽度为6倍栅格宽度,则可将C路径设置在相邻栅格a和栅格b的分界线处,而将D路径设置在相邻栅格c和栅格d的分界线处。
在本申请的一个实施例中,可以控制自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作,结合自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在栅格地图上将机器人工作位置附近的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域。
需要说明的是,自主工作机器人可通过行走装置(也成为移动部)控制自主工作机器人沿规划路径行走,同时控制自主工作机器人的工作部进行工作,以实现根据规划路径控制自主工作机器人工作。结合所述自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在栅格地图上将所述自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域,可以是由自主工作机器人本身或云端服务器处理的。若由自主工作机器人在栅格地图上将所述自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域,则可具体为自主工作机器人根据自身位置,在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域。若由云端服务器在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域,则可具体为自主工作机器人向云端服务器发送包括自身位置和预设宽度的标记请求,以使云端服务器根据标记请求,在栅格地图上将垂直于规划路径且经过自主工作机器人的自身位置的这一行栅格中,总宽度等于若干个相邻的栅格标记为已工作区域,这若干个相邻的栅格可以位于规划路径左右两侧中的至少一侧,例如位于规划路径的左侧或右侧,或对称或不对称的位于规划路径的左右两侧。
其中,在控制所述自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的过程中,可同时结合自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在栅格地图上将自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域,以实现及时标记已工作区域。
这里,在栅格地图上将自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格标记为已工作区域,可以为在栅格地图上将自主工作机器人工作过的整数倍的栅格的像素值更改为预设像素等,在此不作具体限定,只要能够与未工作区域内的栅格相区分即可。
在本申请的实施例中,根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,以遍历目标区域,多条路径之间相互平行,多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),1.2cm≤B≤7cm,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值。根据该路径规划方式以及该设定值以实现又快又好的工作。
在自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的过程中,通常在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的方向上,自主工作机器人的工作部的有效工作宽度只能是工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的方向上的投影宽度,以自主工作机器人为自动割草机举例,在垂直于自动割草机运动前进方向的方向上,自动割草机实际切割的有效工作宽度只是切割组件在垂直于自动割草机运动前进方向的方向上的投影宽度。
可以理解,当自主工作机器人包括多个工作部时,则在自主工作机器人工作时,若各工作部能够对位于对应工作部的覆盖范围内的区域进行全覆盖工作,此时可认为自主工作机器人的实际工作的有效工作宽度为多个工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的方向上的投影宽度之和。以自主工作机器人为自动割草机为例,若自动割草机包括并排放置但不相互重叠的多个刀盘,且刀盘为圆形,则自动割草机的有效工作宽度可认为是多个刀盘的直径在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的方向上的投影宽度之和。在本申请提供的控制方法的一种具体实施例中,预设宽度包括所述自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度,相邻的所述规划路径的间隔距离为所述栅格尺寸的第一整数倍,有效工作宽度是所述栅格尺寸的第二整数倍。请参阅图5,本实施例提供的方法包括:步骤S101:获取目标区域的栅格地图,栅格地图包括多个栅格,栅格根据栅格尺寸设置。
步骤S102:获取自主工作机器人在栅格地图内的规划路径,相邻的规划路径的间隔距离为栅格尺寸的第一整数倍。
步骤S103:根据规划路径控制自主工作机器人工作,并在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格标记为已工作区域;有效工作宽度是栅格尺寸的第二整数倍。
其中,在控制所述自主工作机器人沿所述规划路径工作的过程中,可同时在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格标记为已工作区域,以实现及时标记已工作区域。这里,由于有效工作宽度是栅格尺寸的第二整数倍,而相邻的规划路径的间隔距离为栅格尺寸的第一整数倍,即有效工作宽度和相邻的规划路径的间隔距离可以分别是栅格尺寸的同一或不同整数倍,但是相邻的规划路径的间隔距离不能够大于有效工作宽度。可以理解,规划路径是从栅格地图的一侧开始规划的,起始的规划路径与栅格地图的一侧边界的距离可为有效工作宽度的一半,而有效工作宽度为栅格尺寸的整数倍,此时起始的规划路径位于相邻栅格的分界线处或经过栅格的中点,因此,在沿起始的规划路径工作时,自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格就为整数个栅格,而在后续沿与起始的规划路径相邻或不相邻的其它规划路径工作时,由于相邻的规划路径的间隔距离为栅格尺寸的整数倍,即其它规划路径与起始的规划路径的间隔距离也为栅格尺寸的整数倍,确保了自主工作机器人沿其它规划路径工作时对应的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格也为整数个栅格。也就是说,自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作时对应的已工作区域不会包含不完整的栅格,使得每次都可对已工作区域中包含的所有栅格进行标记,实现准确标记已工作区域,避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格的情况。同时, 由于避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格的情况,使得自主工作机器人不需要对无法标记栅格中已工作部分进行重复工作或对无法标记栅格中未工作部分进行错误标记,从而减少了重复工作,提高了工作效率,也避免了自主工作机器人漏割无法标记栅格中未工作部分。
例如,如图7所示,C路径和D路径为相邻的规划路径,且C路径在相邻栅格a和栅格b的分界线处,而D路径在相邻栅格c和栅格d的分界线处,C路径与D路径的间隔距离为5倍栅格宽度,自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度为6倍栅格宽度,图7中的箭头分别指示自主工作机器人沿C路径和D路径工作时的运动前进方向,首先,当自主工作机器人沿C路径移动并对图7中最下面一行栅格所在区域进行工作时,此时自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格包括栅格e、f、g、h、i和j,即对应的已工作区域包括栅格e、f、g、h、i和j,并可对栅格e、f、g、h、i和j分别进行标记;接着,当自主工作机器人沿与C路径间隔距离为5倍栅格宽度的D路径移动,并对图7中最下面一行栅格所在区域进行工作时,此时自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格包括栅格k、p、n、m、k和j,即对应的已工作区域包括栅格k、p、n、m、k和j,对应的重合区域包括栅格j,并可对栅格k、p、n、m和k分别进行标记。需要说明的,对于重合区域包括的栅格j,也可以是在自主工作机器人沿D路径工作时再进行标记。
其中,自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度可以是可调节的,也可以是固定的。此外,在自主工作机器人的工作部不同时,自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度也可能相应发生变化。这里,在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格标记为已工作区域,可以为在栅格地图上将工作过程中自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度覆盖的栅格的像素值更改为预设像素等,在此不作具体限定,只要能够与未工作区域内的栅格相区分即可。
需要说明的是,上述步骤S101至S103中限定的技术方案是本申请的理想方案,即在工作过程中,自主工作机器人的位姿相对于规划路径无偏差,自主工作机器人能够完美地沿规划路径工作,已工作区域就是沿规划路径的有效工作宽度覆盖的区域。但在自主工作机器人实际工作时,在规划路径的基础上,自主工作机器人的位姿可能还受定位误差和/或航向误差的影响,自主工作机器人的实际路径是规划路径受定位误差和/或航向误差影响后的路径。
由于目前无法量化定位误差和/或航向误差对路径的影响,本申请可通过设置栅格尺寸来尽量减小定位误差和/或航向误差对自主工作机器人的实际路径、进而对工作结果的影响。因此,第一整数倍和第二整数倍中的整数都优选大于或等于2。例如,以自主工作机器人为自动割草机为例,假设有效工作宽度包括两个栅格,若自动割草机相对于规划路径向左偏移,就可以只标记规划路径的左侧栅格;若自动割草机相对于规划路径向右偏移,就可以只标记规划路径的右侧栅格。
综上,上述实施例提供的方法中,通过控制自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度和相邻的规划路径的间隔距离分别为栅格地图中栅格尺寸的整数倍,确保自主工作机器人每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的已工作区域只包含完整的栅格,使得每次都可对已工作区域中包含的所有栅格进行标记,方便准确标记已工作区域对应的栅格,避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格情况,解决了现有技术中因已工作区域包含不完整的栅格导致无法标记栅格的问题。同时,由于避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格的情况,使得自主工作机器人不需要对无法标记栅格中已处理部分进行重复处理,减少了重复工作,解 决了现有技术中因已工作区域包含不完整的栅格导致重复处理的问题,提高了工作效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,目标区域包括开阔区域,开阔区域为卫星定位信号满足预设质量要求的区域;在开阔区域中,第一整数倍等于第二整数倍。
可以理解,当自主工作机器人在卫星定位信号满足预设质量要求的区域即开阔区域内工作时,可以认为此时定位精度较高,自主工作机器人的实际路径可看作是与规划路径一致的,从而在对规划路径进行设置时,可忽略自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径工作时已工作区域的重合区域,即不考虑在自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径工作时已工作区域存在重合区域的问题,而是直接设置相邻的规划路径的间隔距离等于自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度,即设置第一整数倍等于第二整数倍。这里,卫星定位信号满足预设质量要求可以根据实际需要进行设置,比如可以为卫星定位信号的强度大于预设强度阈值等。如此,在开阔区域中,控制第一整数倍等于第二整数倍,即相邻的规划路径的间隔距离等于自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度,以进一步减少自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径工作时重复工作的区域,从而进一步提高了自主工作机器人的工作效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,目标区域包括阴影区域和/或坡度区域,阴影区域为卫星定位信号不满足质量要求的区域,坡度区域为坡角值等于或大于预设坡角值的区域;在阴影区域和/或坡度区域中,第一整数倍小于第二整数倍;间隔距离等于有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值;重合区域宽度用于表征自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径分别工作过程中有效工作宽度重复覆盖的栅格垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的宽度。
可以理解,当自主工作机器人在卫星定位信号不满足预设质量要求的区域即阴影区域、和/或坡角值等于或大于预设坡角值的区域即坡度区域内工作时,可以认为此时定位精度较低,自主工作机器人的实际路径与规划路径可能出现偏差,从而在对规划路径进行设置时,不可忽略自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径工作时已工作区域的重合区域,即要考虑在自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径工作时已工作区域存在重合区域的问题,以避免自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径工作后,相邻的规划路径之间还存在未工作区域,因此,可设置第一整数倍小于第二整数倍,即相邻的规划路径的间隔距离小于自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度。此时,相邻的规划路径的间隔距离等于有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值,而重合区域宽度用于表征自主工作机器人沿相邻的规划路径分别工作过程中工作过至少两次的栅格垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的宽度。
其中,由于相邻的规划路径的间隔距离为栅格尺寸的第一整数倍,且有效工作宽度是栅格尺寸的第二整数倍,而相邻的规划路径的间隔距离等于有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值,则重合区域宽度也为栅格尺寸的整数倍。如此,在阴影区域和/或坡度区域中,控制第一整数倍小于第二整数倍,即相邻的规划路径的间隔距离等于自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值,以确保自主工作机器人能够对相邻的规划路径之间的区域全部处理到,提高了自主工作机器人的工作质量和工作效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中,规划路径经过有效工作宽度的中点。也就是说,当自主工作机器人沿规划路径进行工作时,控制自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度的一半位于规划路径的左侧,而另一半位于规划路径的右侧。
在一种可能的实现方式中,有效工作宽度为自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度。
其中,在自主工作机器人沿规划路径工作的过程中,通常只有自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度才为实际工作宽度,则有效工 作宽度为自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,若自主工作机器人包括多个工作部,则有效工作宽度为多个工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的投影宽度之和。
可以理解,当自主工作机器人包括多个工作部时,则在自主工作机器人工作时,若各工作部能够对位于对应工作部的覆盖范围内的区域进行全覆盖工作,此时可认为自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度为多个工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的投影宽度之和。以自主工作机器人为自动割草机为例,若自动割草机包括并排放置但不相互重叠的多个刀盘,且刀盘为圆形,则自动割草机的有效工作宽度可认为是多个刀盘的直径在垂直于自主工作机器人运动前进方向的投影宽度之和。
在一种可能的实现方式中,有效工作宽度为自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度与设定的工作偏差的差值,工作偏差用于表征位于工作部的覆盖范围内但所述工作部实际不能覆盖的区域范围垂直于所述自主工作机器人运动前进方向的宽度。
可以理解,在自主工作机器人工作时,受到自主工作机器人的工作部的本身工作特性等因素的影响,自主工作机器人的工作部对位于工作部的覆盖范围内的区域可能无法实现全覆盖工作,尤其是位于工作部的覆盖范围内的边缘区域,此时有效工作宽度可认为是自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度与设定的工作偏差的差值,而工作偏差(工作偏差也就是上文中的用于调整路径宽度的设定值B)用于表征位于工作部的覆盖范围内但未被有效工作宽度覆盖的区域范围垂直于所述自主工作机器人运动前进方向的宽度。以自主工作机器人为自动割草机、且自动割草机的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度为刀盘直径为例,由于草比较柔软,自动割草机在割草作业时,刀盘会将草压弯,导致位于刀盘的覆盖范围内的边缘区域的草无法被刀盘切割到,此时自动割草机的有效工作宽度小于刀盘直径,也可以认为自动割草机的有效工作宽度为刀盘直径与割草工作偏差的差值。如此,根据自主工作机器人的工作部在垂直于自主工作机器人的运动前进方向的投影宽度与设定的工作偏差的差值,确定自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度,提高了自主工作机器人的工作质量。
在一种可能的实现方式中,所述方法还可包括:根据预设宽度设置栅格尺寸,预设宽度包括自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度。
可以理解,可先根据自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度设置栅格尺寸,即有效工作宽度是栅格尺寸的第二整数倍,然后再基于设置的栅格尺寸建立目标区域的栅格地图,并根据栅格尺寸的第一整数倍规划相邻的规划路径的间隔距离,以确保后续自主工作机器人每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的已工作区域只包含完整的栅格。尤其是,当自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度是固定的时,先根据自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度设置栅格尺寸,再基于设置的栅格尺寸建立目标区域的栅格地图,进而根据栅格尺寸的第一整数倍规划相邻的规划路径的间隔距离,以确保自主工作机器人每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的已工作区域只包含完整的栅格。
需要说明的是,当目标区域包括开阔区域时,可以是仅根据自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度设置栅格尺寸,而当目标区域包括阴影区域和/或坡度区域时,可以是根据自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度和重合区域宽度设置栅格尺寸。此外,若根据有效工作宽度可设置多个栅格尺寸,则选择最大的栅格尺寸。以及,若根据有效工作宽度和重合区域 宽度可设置多个栅格尺寸,则选择最大的栅格尺寸。可以理解,在根据上述要求可设置多个栅格尺寸时,在多个栅格尺寸中,若选择的栅格尺寸越大,则自主工作机器人用于存储栅格地图数据所需要的内存空间会越小,从而可节省内存空间,降低内存成本,也可以提高数据处理效率;若选择的栅格尺寸越小,则自主工作机器人标记的已工作区域越细致,漏处理的可能性越小。在实际应用中,可根据内存成本要求、数据处理效率要求、漏处理可能性要求等,通过平衡多种需求以选择合适的栅格尺寸。
基于前述实施例相同的发明构思,下面通过一具体示例对前述实施例进行详细说明,本示例中以自主工作机器人为自动割草机为例。
下面先对自动割草机的结构以及割草过程进行简要说明,具体如下:
自动割草机上设置有工作部即刀盘,刀盘可设置在自动割草机长度方向的中轴线上,也可设置在割草机长度方向的中轴线左或右的任一侧,根据刀盘中心点与割草机中轴线的位置关系,可在规划路径时将刀盘中心点换算成栅格地图上的自动割草机的位置,进而进行割草路径规划。
自动割草机割草时,沿规划的割草路径行走,须在栅格地图上实时标记已割草区域,标记方式为更改已割草栅格的像素值,例如,可设置未割草的栅格的像素值为0,而在割草后,可将已割草的栅格的像素值设为1。
本示例提供的自动割草机的控制方法的过程主要包括:
(1)创建栅格地图
首先,以栅格为正方形为例,即栅格长度等于栅格宽度,可根据有效切割宽度设置栅格地图的分辨率,有效切割宽度可以根据自动割草机的刀盘直径确定,例如,有效切割宽度可以等于刀盘直径。刀盘直径可以是一个刀盘的直径,也可以是多个刀盘在自动割草机垂直于割草前进方向的投影宽度之和。这里,记栅格长度r=刀盘直径/n,n为大于或等于1的整数。如果自动割草机的有效切割宽度等于刀盘直径,则自动割草机每切割垂直于割草前进方向的m个栅格对应的区域,就对该m个栅格进行标记。
由于草比较柔软,在自动割草机割草时,刀盘会将草压弯,导致靠近刀盘边缘的草无法被刀盘割到,因此刀盘的实际切割宽度(即有效切割宽度)可能小于刀盘直径,即有效切割宽度=刀盘直径-割草误差(割草误差为用于调整路径宽度的设定值时所考虑的因素之一)。例如,假设刀盘直径为30cm,而刀盘边缘无法切割宽度(即割草偏差)为5cm,则有效切割宽度为25cm。
需要说明的是,为降低存储栅格地图所需的内存,在有多个可选的栅格尺寸时,优先选择最大尺寸的栅格以创建对应的栅格地图。此外,上述方案可适用于地图局部,不用整个地图都做同样的规划,例如暂时不切割的区域不用做同样的规划。
(2)规划割草路径
在开阔区域中,可根据有效切割宽度规划割草路径,路径经过有效切割宽度的中点,相邻两条割草路径的间隔距离为有效切割宽度,且有效切割宽度等于刀盘直径与刀盘边缘无法切割宽度之差。
在阴影区域或坡度区域中,根据有效切割宽度规划割草路径,路径经过有效切割宽度的中点,相邻两条割草路径的间隔距离为有效切割宽度与重合区域宽度之差,且有效切割宽度等于刀盘直径与刀盘边缘无法切割宽度之差。
可以理解,在RTK定位信号受影响的阴影区域或RTK定位信号与坡上位置存在偏差的坡度区域,RTK定位精度下降,自动割草机的定位结果可能会随机偏差,导致自动 割草机依定位信号沿割草路径切割时,已割草区域的边缘可能实际未割草。为避免漏割,可根据定位信号的偏差情况,设定自动割草机沿相邻割草路径切割时相邻割草路径对应的已切割区域重合的区域宽度。此时,以完成了相邻两条割草路径的割草工作为例,自动割草机需要标记的区域包括:第一已工作区域、重合区域(实际上也就是用于调整路径宽度的设定值)、第二已工作区域,第一已工作区域的宽度一般等于第二已工作区域的宽度。
此时,栅格长度r需要满足的条件包括:r=第一已工作区域的宽度/v和r=重合区域的宽度/q,且v和q为大于或等于1的整数。假如,第一条割草路径对应的已工作区域的宽度等于刀盘直径或者有效切割宽度,且为25cm,而重合区域的宽度为5cm,则r需要满足r=25/v=5/q,即r最大等于5。
如果将割草误差包含再有效切割宽度内,则:第一已工作区域的宽度为30cm,重合区域(实际上也就是上文中的工作偏差或者用于调整路径宽度的设定值)为5cm+5cm=10cm,第二已工作区域的宽度为30cm。
(3)根据割草路径割草,并标记已工作区域对应的栅格
其中,自动割草机沿第一条割草路径割草时,每切割垂直于割草前进方向的【v+q】个栅格对应的区域,就对该【v+q】个栅格进行标记;自动割草机沿第二条割草路径割草时,每切割垂直于割草前进方向的【v+q】个栅格对应的区域,就对该【v+q】个栅格进行标记,以此类推,其中重合区域对应的q列栅格,会被重复标记两次。
例如,假设自动割草机的有效切割宽度为5个栅格宽度,相邻的割草路径包括A路径和B路径,A路径经过有效切割宽度的中点,且路径位于栅格的垂直线上,若在开阔区域中,则A路径和B路径的间隔距离可以为有效切割宽度,即5个栅格宽度,如图6所示,此时自动割草机分别沿A路径和B路径工作时,A路径和B路径对应的已切割区域重合的区域可忽略不计,且有效工作宽度覆盖5个完整的栅格。
又或者,假设自动割草机的有效切割宽度为6个栅格长度,相邻的割草路径包括C路径和D路径,若在阴影区域中,则C路径和D路径的间隔距离可以为有效切割宽度与重合区域宽度之差,即5个栅格长度,如图7所示,此时自动割草机分别沿C路径和D路径工作时,C路径和D路径对应的已切割区域重合的区域只包含1个完整的栅格,且有效工作宽度覆盖6个完整的栅格。
综上,上述实施例提供的方法中,首先根据自动割草机的有效切割宽度确定栅格地图的栅格尺寸,接着根据确定的栅格尺寸创建对应的栅格地图,然后根据自动割草机的有效切割宽度和沿相邻路径工作时已切割区域的重合区域宽度在栅格地图上规划路径,使得自动割草机沿规划路径在工作区域内工作时,确保自动割草机每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的已工作区域只包含完整的栅格,实现自动割草机对已工作区域中的栅格进行精准标记,避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格情况,最大程度避免已工作区域中出现漏割和重复切割的情况,提高了工作质量与工作效率。
在另一实施例中,预设宽度包括所述自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值。
栅格地图根据栅格尺寸设置,栅格尺寸根据自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值确定,自主工作机器人的有效工作宽度与重合区域宽度的差值是栅格尺寸的第三整数倍。
在另一实施例中,在所述获取目标区域的栅格地图前,所述方法还包括:获取重合 区域宽度,获取所述重合区域宽度(也即用于调整路径宽度的设定值)至少包括以下一种:根据用户输入获取重合区域宽度;或,根据自主工作机器人的存储数据获取重合区域宽度;或,根据目标区域的区域类型确定重合区域宽度。其中,自主工作机器人可根据目标区域的区域类型自主确定重合区域宽度,例如,目标区域的区域类型可至少包括开阔区域、阴影区域、坡度区域或用户选定区域,自主工作机器人可自主确定目标区域的区域类型,并根据区域类型确定对应的重合区域宽度。
其中,自主工作机器人也可根据用户输入确定重合区域宽度,例如,可根据用户输入或用户确认的数值确定重合区域宽度。用户可根据实际需要进行输入,例如,若根据用户输入,首先确定目标区域的重合区域宽度为第一重合区域宽度,则根据第一重合区域宽度设置栅格地图、规划路径,并标记已工作区域。具体地,若根据用户输入获取目标区域的重合区域宽度为第一重合区域宽度,则确定目标区域的第一预设宽度等于有效工作宽度与第一重合区域宽度的差值;根据第一预设宽度设置所述目标区域的第一栅格地图的第一栅格尺寸,具体地,第一预设宽度是栅格尺寸的第三整数倍,根据第一栅格尺寸设置第一栅格地图;获取自主工作机器人在第一栅格地图内的第一规划路径,具体地,第一规划路径根据第一预设宽度规划,相邻的规划路径之间的间隔距离等于第一预设宽度;控制自主工作机器人沿第一规划路径工作,结合自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在第一栅格地图上将自主工作机器人工作过的第一预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域,具体地,在栅格地图上将垂直于第一规划路径且经过自主工作机器人的自身位置的这一行栅格中,总宽度等于预设宽度的若干个相邻的栅格标记为已工作区域,这若干个相邻的栅格可以位于规划路径左右两侧中的至少一侧,例如位于规划路径的左侧或右侧,或对称或不对称的位于规划路径的左右两侧。
在自主工作机器人至少部分完成目标区域工作时,用户可选择重新输入确定重合区域宽度。至少部分完成目标区域工作,具体包括自主工作机器人已经完成全部目标区域的工作,和自主工作机器人只完成了部分目标区域的工作。若根据用户输入,确定至少部分目标区域的重合区域宽度变更为第二重合区域宽度,则根据第二重合区域宽度重新设置至少部分栅格地图、重新规划至少部分路径,并控制自主工作机器人在重新设置的至少部分栅格地图上沿重新规划的至少部分规划路径工作,并根据第二重合区域宽度标记已工作区域。具体地,若根据用户输入获取至少部分目标区域的重合区域宽度变更为第二重合区域宽度,则确定至少部分目标区域的第二预设宽度等于所述有效工作宽度与所述第二重合区域宽度的差值。根据第二预设宽度重新确定全部或部分目标区域对应的第二栅格尺寸,根据第二栅格尺寸生成全部或部分目标区域对应的第二栅格地图。获取自主工作机器人在第二栅格地图内的第二规划路径,相邻的第二规划路径的间隔距离等于第二预设宽度。控制所述自主工作机器人沿第二规划路径在全部或部分目标区域内工作,结合自主工作机器人当前所在的工作位置,在第二栅格地图上将自主工作机器人工作过的第二预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域。
在自主工作机器人完成对目标区域的一次工作的过程中,用户可以随时根据实际需求选择更新重合区域宽度,例如,如果用户觉得目前的重合区域宽度过大,导致切割效率过低,用户可选择暂停自主工作机器人的工作,重新输入更小的重合区域宽度,再控制自主工作机器人从中断工作的位置开始根据更新后的栅格地图、规划路径和预设宽度完成剩余目标区域的工作和标记。如果用户觉得目前的重合区域宽度过小,导致漏切割区域过多,用户也可选择暂停自主工作机器人的工作,重新输入更大的重合区域宽度, 再控制自主工作机器人从中断工作的位置开始根据更新后的栅格地图、规划路径和预设宽度完成剩余目标区域的工作和标记。
在自主工作机器人完成对目标区域的一次工作后,用户也可以根据实际需求选择更新重合区域宽度。则在自主工作机器人下一次工作时,自主工作机器人根据更新后的栅格地图、规划路径和预设宽度完成对目标区域的工作和标记。
其中,自主工作机器人也可根据自主工作机器人存储的数据确定重合区域宽度,具体地,若根据自主工作机器人的存储数据获取目标区域的重合区域宽度为第三重合区域宽度,则确定目标区域的第三预设宽度等于有效工作宽度与第三重合区域宽度的差值;根据第三预设宽度设置目标区域的第三栅格地图的第三栅格尺寸;获取自主工作机器人在第三栅格地图内的第三规划路径;控制自主工作机器人沿第三规划路径工作,结合自主工作机器人所在的工作位置,在第三栅格地图上将自主工作机器人工作过的第三预设宽度范围内的栅格标记为已工作区域。在另一实施例中,规划路径经过预设宽度的中点。
综上,上述实施例提供的方法中,首先根据自动割草机的有效切割宽度与重合区域宽度的差值确定栅格地图的栅格尺寸,接着根据确定的栅格尺寸创建对应的栅格地图,然后根据自动割草机的有效切割宽度和重合区域宽度的差值在栅格地图上规划路径,使得自动割草机沿规划路径在工作区域内工作时,确保自动割草机每次沿规划路径工作过程中对应的工作过的有效切割宽度和重合区域宽度的差值范围内的区域只包含完整的栅格,实现自动割草机对已工作区域中的栅格进行精准标记,避免了已工作区域中出现无法标记栅格情况,最大程度避免已工作区域中出现漏割和重复切割的情况,提高了工作质量与工作效率。
基于前述实施例相同的发明构思,本发明实施例提供了一种自主工作机器人,如图8所示,该自主工作机器人包括:处理器310和存储有计算机程序的存储器311;其中,图8中示意的处理器310并非用于指代处理器310的个数为一个,而是仅用于指代处理器310相对其他器件的位置关系,在实际应用中,处理器310的个数可以为一个或多个;同样,图8中示意的存储器311也是同样的含义,即仅用于指代存储器311相对其他器件的位置关系,在实际应用中,存储器311的个数可以为一个或多个。在所述处理器310运行所述计算机程序时,实现上述自主工作机器人的控制方法。
该自主工作机器人还可包括:至少一个网络接口312。该自主工作机器人中的各个组件通过总线系统313耦合在一起。可理解,总线系统313用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。总线系统313除包括数据总线之外,还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见,在图8中将各种总线都标为总线系统313。
其中,存储器311可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器,也可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中,非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(ROM,Read Only Memory)、可编程只读存储器(PROM,Programmable Read-Only Memory)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM,Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM,Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)、磁性随机存取存储器(FRAM,ferromagnetic random access memory)、快闪存储器(Flash Memory)、磁表面存储器、光盘、或只读光盘(CD-ROM,Compact Disc Read-Only Memory);磁表面存储器可以是磁盘存储器或磁带存储器。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory),其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明,许多形式的RAM可用,例如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM,Static Random Access Memory)、同 步静态随机存取存储器(SSRAM,Synchronous Static Random Access Memory)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM,Dynamic Random Access Memory)、同步动态随机存取存储器(SDRAM,Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(DDRSDRAM,Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(ESDRAM,Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(SLDRAM,SyncLink Dynamic Random Access Memory)、直接内存总线随机存取存储器(DRRAM,Direct Rambus Random Access Memory)。本发明实施例描述的存储器311旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本发明实施例中的存储器311用于存储各种类型的数据以支持该自主工作机器人的操作。这些数据的示例包括:用于在该自主工作机器人上操作的任何计算机程序,如操作系统和应用程序;联系人数据;电话簿数据;消息;图片;视频等。其中,操作系统包含各种系统程序,例如框架层、核心库层、驱动层等,用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。应用程序可以包含各种应用程序,例如媒体播放器(Media Player)、浏览器(Browser)等,用于实现各种应用业务。这里,实现本发明实施例方法的程序可以包含在应用程序中。
基于前述实施例相同的发明构思,本实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质,所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机程序,计算机存储介质可以是磁性随机存取存储器(FRAM,ferromagnetic random access memory)、只读存储器(ROM,Read Only Memory)、可编程只读存储器(PROM,Programmable Read-Only Memory)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM,Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM,Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)、快闪存储器(Flash Memory)、磁表面存储器、光盘、或只读光盘(CD-ROM,Compact Disc Read-Only Memory)等存储器;也可以是包括上述存储器之一或任意组合的各种设备,如移动电话、计算机、平板设备、个人数字助理等。所述计算机存储介质中存储的计算机程序被处理器运行时,实现上述自主工作机器人的控制方法。所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现的具体步骤流程请参考图5所示实施例的描述,在此不再赘述。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,除了包含所列的那些要素,而且还可包含没有明确列出的其他要素。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述自主工作机器人包括:工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图;
    根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,以遍历所述目标区域,所述多条路径之间相互平行,所述多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,所述目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于其中,R1表示所述至少部分区域中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,W表示所述工作部的工作范围,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述地图生成规划路径,包括:
    将所述地图边界内缩预设距离S,根据内缩后的地图生成规划路径,其中,生成的规划路径数目N小于等于
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,B≤2cm。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述移动部包括:前移动部、后移动部,至少所述前移动部与所述工作部在所述目标区域的投影重叠量小于等于W*5%。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述前移动部在所述目标区域的投影以及所述工作部在所述目标区域的投影之间的重叠量为0。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标区域包括卫星信号强度大于等于预设阈值的区域。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域,包括:
    控制所述自主工作机器人在第一工作周期沿多条第一路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域;
    控制所述自主工作机器人在第二工作周期沿多条第二路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域,所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间至少部分不重叠。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间大致平行,且相邻的所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间的距离大于等于5cm和/或小于等于(W-B-5)cm。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二路径与所述第一路径之间形成预设角度。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述工作部被配置为执行割草工作;相应的,所述方法还包括:
    获取所述自主工作机器人附近的环境参数,所述环境参数反映所述目标区域中草的 生长速度;
    根据所述环境参数调整所述第一工作周期和第二工作周期之间的时间间隔。
  11. 根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二工作周期与所述第一工作周期之间的时间间隔小于等于48小时。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述地图包括:栅格地图,所述栅格地图中包括多个栅格,根据所述栅格地图生成多条路径,控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,并在所述栅格地图上将其覆盖过的预设宽度的栅格标记为已工作,所述预设宽度是所述栅格尺寸的整数倍。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,当所述工作部位于所述自主工作机器人的中轴线上时,相应的,所述多条路径中的各个路径分别经过所述预设宽度的中点。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述栅格尺寸包括:栅格宽度,所述栅格宽度等于(W-B)/n,其中,n表示预先设置的待标记栅格数。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    根据以下至少之一的方式确定所述设定值:根据所述目标区域的区域类型确定所述设定值,或,根据用户输入确定所述设定值;或,根据所述自主工作机器人的存储数据确定所述设定值。
  16. 一种自主工作机器人,所述自主工作机器人包括:
    工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;
    移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动,
    控制器,所述控制器与所述工作部以及所述移动部信号相连,其特征在于,
    所述控制器获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域中的地图;根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径行驶,以遍历所述目标区域,所述多条路径之间相互平行,所述多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反;所述目标区域的至少部分区域中路径数目N小于等于R1/(W-B),其中,R1表示所述至少部分区域中与路径方向大致垂直方向的线段的长度,W表示所述工作部的工作范围的宽度,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定值,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
  17. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器加载并执行以实现如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述自主工作机器人包括:
    工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;
    移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动,
    其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图,所述地图包括:栅格地图,所述栅格地图中包括多个栅格;
    根据所述栅格地图生成多条路径;
    控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,并在所述栅格地图上将其覆盖过的预设宽度的栅格标记为已工作,所述预设宽度是所述栅格尺寸的整数倍。
  19. 一种自主工作机器人的控制方法,所述自主工作机器人包括:工作部,所述工作部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行工作;移动部,所述移动部被配置为在所述自主工作机器人的控制下执行移动,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    获取所述自主工作机器人在待执行工作的目标区域的地图;
    根据所述地图生成规划路径,并控制所述自主工作机器人沿多条路径移动,以遍历所述目标区域,所述多条路径之间相互平行,所述多条路径的相邻路径之间方向相反,所述相邻路径之间的路径宽度大于等于(W-B),其中,W表示所述工作部的工作范围,B表示用于调整路径宽度的设定所述自主工作机器人值在移动过程中的位置偏差,1.2cm≤B≤7cm。
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CN120447561A (zh) * 2025-07-11 2025-08-08 青岛理工大学 一种基于路径位置逐点跟踪的机器人路径规划方法及系统
CN120447561B (zh) * 2025-07-11 2025-09-23 青岛理工大学 一种基于路径位置逐点跟踪的机器人路径规划方法及系统

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