WO2024254954A1 - 无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构 - Google Patents

无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构 Download PDF

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WO2024254954A1
WO2024254954A1 PCT/CN2023/110672 CN2023110672W WO2024254954A1 WO 2024254954 A1 WO2024254954 A1 WO 2024254954A1 CN 2023110672 W CN2023110672 W CN 2023110672W WO 2024254954 A1 WO2024254954 A1 WO 2024254954A1
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water
inlet
water flow
water outlet
pulse
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French (fr)
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胡珀
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Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Priority to US19/407,115 priority Critical patent/US20260120899A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
    • G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
    • G21C19/02—Details of handling arrangements
    • G21C19/04—Means for controlling flow of coolant over objects being handled; Means for controlling flow of coolant through channel being serviced, e.g. for preventing "blow-out"

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of water flow cooling and temperature reduction, and in particular, to a pulse water flow regulating device without rotating parts for water flow cooling and temperature reduction and a nuclear power plant reactor cooling structure, and in particular, to a pulse water flow regulating device without rotating parts and a nuclear power plant reactor cooling structure.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a pulse water flow regulating device without rotating parts and a nuclear power plant reactor cooling structure.
  • a pulse water flow regulating device without rotating parts is provided.
  • the water flow regulating device is used to cool the wall surface to be cooled, and during cooling, a pulsed water flow is poured onto the wall surface to be cooled;
  • the water flow regulating device comprises a water container, a water outlet channel and a device inlet;
  • External cooling water enters the water container through the device inlet;
  • the water outlet flow channel has a water outlet and a flow channel inlet; the flow channel inlet is located in the water container, and the water outlet passes through the bottom of the water container to guide the water flow to the wall surface to be cooled;
  • the cross-sectional area of the water container is larger than the cross-sectional area of the water outlet channel.
  • the water outlet channel is an inverted U-shaped structure, and the water outlet and the channel inlet are respectively located at two ends of the inverted U-shaped structure.
  • the top of the water container, the arc-shaped top of the inverted U-shaped structure, the flow channel inlet and the water outlet are arranged from high to low in sequence.
  • the water flow rate at the inlet of the device is smaller than the water flow rate of the outlet channel.
  • the number of the water outlet channel is one, and the cross-sectional area of the device inlet is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the water outlet channel.
  • the cross-sectional area of the device inlet is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple water outlet channels.
  • it also includes a cooling water storage tank, which is used to hold cooling water, and the cooling water enters the water container through the device inlet.
  • the present invention also provides a nuclear power plant reactor cooling structure including the pulse water flow regulating device without rotating parts.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.
  • the figure shows:
  • the present invention provides a pulse water flow regulating device without rotating parts, as shown in FIG1 , the water flow regulating device is used to cool a high-temperature wall surface to be cooled, and during cooling, a pulse water flow is poured onto the wall surface to be cooled;
  • the water flow regulating device comprises a water container 1, a water outlet flow channel 3 and a device inlet 5; the water outlet flow channel 3 has a water outlet 2 and a flow channel inlet 4; the flow channel inlet 4 is located in the water container 1, and the water outlet 2 passes through the bottom of the water container 1 to guide the water flow to the wall surface to be cooled; the cross-sectional area of the water container 1 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the water outlet flow channel 3.
  • the device inlet 5 can be a pipe structure with or without a valve, and the pipe structure is located above the water container 1, or is connected to the water container 1 through an opening on the side wall of the water container 1.
  • the water outlet channel 3 is an inverted U-shaped structure, and the water outlet 2 and the channel inlet 4 are respectively located at the two ends of the inverted U-shaped structure.
  • the top of the water container 1, the arc-shaped top 6 of the inverted U-shaped structure, the channel inlet 4 and the water outlet 2 are arranged from high to low.
  • the water flow rate of the device inlet 5 is smaller than the water flow rate of the water outlet channel 3.
  • the number of the water outlet channel 3 is one, and the cross-sectional area of the device inlet 5 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the water outlet channel 3.
  • the number of the water outlet channel 3 is multiple, and the cross-sectional area of the device inlet 5 is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the multiple water outlet channels 3.
  • the water flow regulating device further comprises a cooling water storage tank, wherein the cooling water storage tank is used to contain cooling water, and the cooling water enters the water container 1 through the device inlet 5 .
  • the water level in the water container 1 is higher than the water level in the inverted U-shaped water outlet flow channel 3.
  • the pressure difference formed by this water level difference will drive the water in the water outlet flow channel 3 to flow out from the water outlet 2.
  • the cross-section of the water container is larger than the cross-section of the inverted U-shaped flow channel, the liquid level in the water container 1 always drops faster than the inverted U-shaped flow channel.
  • the liquid level in the flow channel drops slowly, so that the water level difference, i.e., the pressure difference, can always be maintained to ensure continuous water flow at the water outlet 2.
  • the continuous water injection flow rate upstream is smaller than the flow rate at the water outlet 2 (i.e., the liquid water flow rate at the inlet 5 of the device is smaller than the water flow rate of the outlet flow channel 3), it can also ensure that the water level in the water container 1 continues to drop while the upstream water injection is continuous.
  • the present invention can realize pulsed water flow by relying on the pressure difference change caused by the change of water level, without any rotating parts, and the design is simpler and more reliable, and the pulsed water flow formed can irrigate the high-temperature wall surface. It can increase the proportion of water film evaporation heat exchange, and under the same heat exchange demand, it will effectively reduce the total water film flow required and reduce the volume of the cooling water storage tank.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention provides a pulse water cooling method, which can increase the proportion of water film evaporation heat exchange. Under the same heat exchange demand, it will effectively reduce the required total water film flow rate and reduce the volume of the cooling water storage tank.
  • the present invention adopts the siphon principle and utilizes the change of water level in the water container to change the continuous water flow into a pulsed water flow.
  • the surface temperature of the wall to be cooled will rise briefly, and then the water will flow down to take away the heat, and then the water flow will stop, and the cycle will repeat.
  • the higher wall temperature will increase the temperature of the water film, thereby resulting in a higher water film evaporation rate, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the proportion of water film evaporation heat exchange, and then under the same heat exchange demand, it will effectively reduce the required total water film flow rate and reduce the volume of the cooling water storage tank.
  • the structure is reliable and easy to implement.
  • the present invention can realize pulse water flow without external power drive and rotating structure, and has a simple structure, is reliable, energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构。所述无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，用于对待冷却降温壁面进行冷却降温，冷却降温时，向待冷却降温壁面上浇淋脉冲水流；所述水流调节装置包括盛水容器、出水流道以及装置入口；外界冷却水通过装置入口进入盛水容器；所述出水流道为倒U型结构，所述出水流道具有出水口与流道入口；流道入口位于所述盛水容器内，出水口穿过所述盛水容器的底部，将水流导流至待冷却降温壁面上；所述盛水容器的横截面积大于所述出水流道的横截面积。本发明提供了一种脉冲水冷降温方式，能够提高水膜蒸发换热占比，在同等换热需求下，将有效降低所需要总的水膜流量，减小冷却水储存水箱的容积。

Description

无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构 技术领域
本发明涉及水流冷却降温技术领域，具体地，涉及一种用于水流冷却降温的无转动部件的脉冲式水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构，尤其地，涉及一种无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构。
背景技术
在压水堆核电厂反应堆发生冷却剂流失事故或主蒸汽管道破裂事故时，内层安全壳内水蒸气含量迅速增加，导致内部压力和温度大幅度升高。在压力和温度升至冷却水储存水箱底部的隔离阀开启的整定值后，冷却水在重力作用下从处于安全壳顶部的冷却水储存水箱中流出，流过水膜分配装置，并在安全壳外壁面形成均匀分配的降水膜流动，其中水膜流速由冷却水储存水箱的液位控制。水膜在沿安全壳外壁面流动过程中，通过和水膜表面空气流的对流作用，发生大量的表面蒸发换热，同时水膜温度延流动方向持续增加上升发生单相对流换热，这两种主导的换热模式将安全壳内聚集的热量带走，使安全壳内温度与压力维持在安全水平。
由于水膜的蒸发换热效率强于其单相对流换热效率，所以在同等换热需求下，提升水膜蒸发换热热量在总换热热量中的占比，将有效降低所需要总的水膜流量，减小冷却水储存水箱的容积，因此亟需设计一种能够提高水膜蒸发换热占比的水流调节装置。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的的实施例的目的是提供一种无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构。
根据本发明的实施例提供的一种无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，
所述水流调节装置用于对待冷却降温壁面进行冷却降温，冷却降温时，向待冷却降温壁面上浇淋脉冲水流；
所述水流调节装置包括盛水容器、出水流道以及装置入口；
外界冷却水通过装置入口进入盛水容器；
所述出水流道具有出水口与流道入口；流道入口位于所述盛水容器内，出水口穿过所述盛水容器的底部，将水流导流至待冷却降温壁面上；
所述盛水容器的横截面积大于所述出水流道的横截面积。
进一步地，所述出水流道为倒U型结构，所述出水口与流道入口分别位于所述倒U型结构的两端。
进一步地，所述盛水容器的顶部、倒U型结构所具有的弧形顶部、流道入口及出水口依次由高向低布置。
进一步地，所述装置入口的水流流量小于所述出水流道的水流流量。
进一步地，所述出水流道的数量为一个，所述装置入口的横截面积小于所述出水流道的横截面积。
进一步地，出水流道的数量为多个，所述装置入口的横截面积小于多个所述出水流道的横截面积之和。
进一步地，还包括冷却水储存水箱，所述冷却水储存水箱用于盛装冷却水，所述冷却水通过装置入口进入盛水容器。
本发明还提供了一种核电厂反应堆冷却结构包括所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的原理示意图；
图中示出：
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技 术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明提供了一种无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，如图1所示，所述水流调节装置用于对待冷却降温高温壁面进行冷却降温，冷却降温时，向待冷却降温壁面上浇淋脉冲水流；
所述水流调节装置包括盛水容器1、出水流道3以及装置入口5；所述出水流道3具有出水口2与流道入口4；流道入口4位于所述盛水容器1内，出水口2穿过所述盛水容器1的底部，将水流导流至待冷却降温壁面上；所述盛水容器1的横截面积大于所述出水流道3的横截面积。在一个优选例中，所述装置入口5可为带有阀门或不带有阀门的管道结构，所述管道结构位于盛水容器1的上方，或通过盛水容器1侧壁上的开孔与盛水容器1连通。
所述出水流道3为倒U型结构，所述出水口2与流道入口4分别位于所述倒U型结构的两端。所述盛水容器1的顶部、倒U型结构所具有的弧形顶部6、流道入口4及出水口2依次由高向低布置。
所述装置入口5的水流流量小于所述出水流道3的水流流量。在一个优选例中，所述出水流道3的数量为一个，所述装置入口5的横截面积小于所述出水流道3的横截面积。在另一个优选例中，出水流道3的数量为多个，所述装置入口5的横截面积小于多个所述出水流道3的横截面积之和。
在一个优选例中，所述水流调节装置还包括冷却水储存水箱，所述冷却水储存水箱用于盛装冷却水，所述冷却水通过装置入口5进入盛水容器1。
本发明的工作原理如下：
当上游往盛水容器1内连续注水时，容器内水位从底部开始上升，当水位达到流道入口4时，倒U型流道近流道入口4一侧也会逐渐进水，其水位与盛水容器1内水位一致，但由于倒U型流道内液面压力与外部盛水容器内液面压力都为环境气压，压力平衡，不会有水流从出水口2流出。
如图2所示，当水位持续上升超过倒U型流道的弧形顶部6后(上限水位，高于上限水位时，出水口2开始出水)，此时盛水容器1内的水位高于倒U型出水流道3内的水位，此水位差形成的压力差将驱使出水流道3中的水流从出水口2流出，而且由于盛水容器截面大于倒U型流道截面，所以盛水容器1内液面下降总比倒U 型流道(即出水流道3)内液面下降慢，从而总能维持水位差即压力差，保证出水口2持续水流，同时，由于上游的连续注水流量小于出水口2的流量(即所述装置入口5的液体水流流量小于所述出水流道3的水流流量)，也能保证盛水容器1内的在上游注水不断的情况下水位连续下降。
直至盛水容器内水位降低到倒U型出水流道入口4时(下限水位，低于此出水口断流)，由于没有水流再能进入倒U型流道，出水口2的水流便停止了。
与此同时，由于上游的入口(装置入口5)水流仍持续不断，在出水口2断流情况下，盛水容器1内水位又开始上升，从而重复上述的过程。
综上所述，本发明能依靠水位变化造成的压差改变来实现脉冲式水流，没有任何转动部件，设计更加简单可靠，形成的脉冲水流浇淋高温壁面。能提高水膜蒸发换热占比，在同等换热需求下，将有效降低所需要总的水膜流量，减小冷却水储存水箱的容积。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1、本发明提供了一种脉冲水冷降温方式，能够提高水膜蒸发换热占比，在同等换热需求下，将有效降低所需要总的水膜流量，减小冷却水储存水箱的容积。
2、本发明通过虹吸原理，利用水位在盛水容器中的变化，将持续水流改为脉冲式水流，当水膜流量为0时，待冷却壁面表面温度会短暂升高，之后水流流下将热量带走，再然后水流停止，周而复始，这种模式下，较高的壁面温度会提升水膜的温度，从而导致更高的水膜蒸发率，实现提高水膜蒸发换热占比的目的，进而在同等换热需求下，将有效降低所需要总的水膜流量，减小冷却水储存水箱的容积，结构可靠，方便实施。
3、本发明通过无需外动力驱动，且无需转动结构既能实现脉冲水流，结构简单，可靠，节能环保。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改， 这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，
    所述水流调节装置用于对待冷却降温壁面进行冷却降温，冷却降温时，向待冷却降温壁面上浇淋脉冲水流；
    所述水流调节装置包括盛水容器(1)、出水流道(3)以及装置入口(5)；
    外界冷却水通过装置入口(5)进入盛水容器(1)；
    所述出水流道(3)具有出水口(2)与流道入口(4)；流道入口(4)位于所述盛水容器(1)内，出水口(2)穿过所述盛水容器(1)的底部，将水流导流至待冷却降温壁面上；
    所述盛水容器(1)的横截面积大于所述出水流道(3)的横截面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，所述出水流道(3)为倒U型结构，所述出水口(2)与流道入口(4)分别位于所述倒U型结构的两端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，所述盛水容器(1)的顶部、倒U型结构所具有的弧形顶部(6)、流道入口(4)及出水口(2)依次由高向低布置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，所述装置入口(5)的水流流量小于所述出水流道(3)的水流流量。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，所述出水流道(3)的数量为一个，所述装置入口(5)的横截面积小于所述出水流道(3)的横截面积。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，出水流道(3)的数量为多个，所述装置入口(5)的横截面积小于多个所述出水流道(3)的横截面积之和。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置，其特征在于，还包括冷却水储存水箱，所述冷却水储存水箱用于盛装冷却水，所述冷却水通过装置入口(5)进入盛水容器(1)。
  8. 一种核电厂反应堆冷却结构，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置。
PCT/CN2023/110672 2023-06-12 2023-08-02 无转动部件的脉冲水流调节装置及核电厂反应堆冷却结构 Ceased WO2024254954A1 (zh)

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CN109835983A (zh) * 2019-03-21 2019-06-04 杭州开源环保工程有限公司 一种脉冲式搅拌布水装置及其使用方法
CN111750724A (zh) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-09 上海交通大学 一种用于水流冷却降温的非能动脉冲式水流调节装置
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