WO2024252874A1 - デジタル移相回路及びデジタル移相器 - Google Patents
デジタル移相回路及びデジタル移相器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024252874A1 WO2024252874A1 PCT/JP2024/017967 JP2024017967W WO2024252874A1 WO 2024252874 A1 WO2024252874 A1 WO 2024252874A1 JP 2024017967 W JP2024017967 W JP 2024017967W WO 2024252874 A1 WO2024252874 A1 WO 2024252874A1
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- digital phase
- phase shift
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- electronic switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
- H01P1/185—Phase-shifters using a diode or a gas filled discharge tube
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a digital phase shift circuit and a digital phase shifter.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a digitally controlled phase shift circuit (digital phase shift circuit) for microwaves, quasi-millimeter waves, or millimeter waves.
- this digital phase shift circuit includes a signal line, a pair of inner lines, a pair of outer lines, a first ground bar, a second ground bar, and a pair of NMOS switches.
- the pair of inner lines are provided on both sides of the signal line.
- the pair of outer lines are provided outside the pair of inner lines.
- the first ground bar is connected to a first end of each inner line and a first end of each outer line.
- the second ground bar is connected to a second end of each outer line.
- Each NMOS switch is provided between the second end of each inner line and the second ground bar.
- a digital phase shift circuit in order to ensure a certain amount of phase shift in a limited area, it is desirable to make the inductance, which is one of the circuit constants, sufficiently larger in the high delay mode (inductance value) than in the low delay mode.
- the inductance value in order to increase the inductance value in the high delay mode, it is necessary to move the outer line away from the signal line (or increase the length of the outer line), which increases the size. Since a digital phase shifter is configured with multiple digital phase shift circuits connected in cascade, if the size of the digital phase shift circuits increases, the digital phase shifter will also become larger.
- the present invention was made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a digital phase shift circuit and digital phase shifter that are smaller than conventional ones and can achieve the desired phase shift characteristics.
- a digital phase shift circuit (B, B', B'') includes a signal line (10), a first line (21) including a first parallel line (21p1) extending parallel to the signal line, a second line (22) including a second parallel line (22p2) extending parallel to the signal line, a first crossing line (23c1) connected to a first end of the second parallel line and extending away from the signal line in a crossing direction (Y) that crosses the longitudinal direction of the signal line from the first end of the second parallel line in a planar view, a third parallel line (23p3) extending parallel to the signal line from the first end of the first crossing line, and a third parallel line (23p4) extending parallel to the signal line from the first end of the third parallel line in the crossing direction.
- a second crossing line extending so as to approach the first end of the first parallel line, a first ground conductor (31) electrically connected to the first end of the first parallel line and the first end of the second parallel line, a second ground conductor (32) electrically connected to the first end of the third line, a first electronic switch (41) provided between the second end of the first parallel line and the second ground conductor, and a second electronic switch (42) provided between the second end of the second parallel line and the second ground conductor, wherein the signal line is located between the first parallel line and the second parallel line, and the cross-sectional area of the third line is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the signal line, the first line, and the second line.
- a first return current flows in the first parallel line that is a part of the first line
- a second return current flows in the second parallel line that is a part of the second line.
- a third return current flows in a third line (the second intersecting line, the third parallel line, and the first intersecting line) whose cross-sectional area is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the signal line, the second line, and the second line. This allows the inductance value to be increased, making it possible to achieve the desired phase shift characteristics in a smaller size than before.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shift circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which the third line is thinner than the signal line, the first line, and the second line.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the third aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shift circuit according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, in which the third line is formed on an inner layer than the first line and the second line.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is a digital phase shift circuit according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, in which the third line has a plurality of holes (H) formed along the third line.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is a digital phase shift circuit according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, further comprising a capacitor (60) connected to a first end of the signal line and a third electronic switch (43) provided between the capacitor and the first ground conductor, and the first end of the first ground conductor extends away from the signal line in the cross direction and is connected to the third electronic switch.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shift circuit according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in which the first electronic switch, the second electronic switch, and the third electronic switch are field effect transistors, and the size of the field effect transistors constituting the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch is at least twice the size of the field effect transistor constituting the third electronic switch.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is a digital phase shift circuit according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, further comprising a first upper pad (21d2) provided at the second end of the first parallel line and a second upper pad (22d2) provided at the second end of the second parallel line, wherein the maximum value of the dimension of the first upper pad in the cross direction is greater than the width of the first parallel line, and the maximum value of the dimension of the second upper pad in the cross direction is greater than the width of the second parallel line.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shift circuit according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, further comprising a first lower pad (33a) connected to the first upper pad through a via (50) and to which the first electronic switch is connected, and a second lower pad (33b) connected to the second upper pad through a via (50) and to which the second electronic switch is connected, wherein the maximum value of the dimension of the first lower pad in the cross direction is greater than the maximum value of the dimension of the first upper pad in the cross direction, and the maximum value of the dimension of the second lower pad in the cross direction is greater than the maximum value of the dimension of the second upper pad in the cross direction.
- the digital phase shift circuit according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is a digital phase shift circuit according to any one of the first to eighth aspects of the present invention, further comprising a fourth electronic switch (44) provided between the first end of the signal line and the first ground conductor.
- a digital phase shifter is a digital phase shifter (A1 to A4) in which a plurality of digital phase shift circuits ( B1 to Bn ) are cascaded, each of the plurality of digital phase shift circuits being a digital phase shift circuit according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, and in a portion where the digital phase shift circuits are adjacent to each other, the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor are common, and the first intersecting line and the second intersecting line are crank-shaped.
- the digital phase shifter according to the second aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shifter according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which at least one of the plurality of digital phase shift circuits has a distance (D1) between the center line of the second parallel line and the center line of the third parallel line in the crossing direction that is different from that of the other digital phase shift circuits.
- a digital phase shifter is a digital phase shifter in which a plurality of digital phase shift circuits (B 1 to B n ) are cascaded, and specific digital phase shift circuits, which are at least two digital phase shift circuits among the plurality of digital phase shift circuits, are digital phase shift circuits according to the fourth aspect, and in a portion where the digital phase shift circuits are adjacent to each other, the first ground conductor and the second ground conductor are common, and the first intersecting line and the second intersecting line are crank-shaped.
- the digital phase shifter according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shifter according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which the third lines of the multiple digital phase shift circuits are formed on the same layer.
- the digital phase shifter according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the digital phase shifter according to the first aspect of the present invention, in which the third line of at least one of the plurality of digital phase shift circuits is formed in a layer different from the third lines of the other digital phase shift circuits.
- the above aspect of the present invention makes it possible to achieve the desired phase shift characteristics in a smaller size than conventional devices.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a basic configuration of a digital phase shift circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1.
- 2 is a plan view showing the connection relationship between connection pads and first and second electronic switches in the digital phase shift circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a main part of a digital phase shifter according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a basic configuration of a digital phase shift circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a configuration of a main part of a digital phase shifter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a basic configuration of a digital phase shift circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a configuration of a main part of a digital phase shifter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the basic configuration of a digital phase shift circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Fig. 1
- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in Fig. 1.
- the digital phase shift circuit B includes a signal line 10, a first line 21, a second line 22, a third line 23, an upper pad 24, an upper pad 25, a first ground conductor 31, and a second ground conductor 32.
- the first line 21 includes a first parallel line 21p1 and a pair of upper pads 21d1, 21d2.
- the second line 22 includes a second parallel line 22p2 and a pair of upper pads 22d1, 22d2.
- the third line 23 includes a first cross line 23c1, a third parallel line 23p3, a bent line 23b, and a second cross line 23c2.
- the digital phase shift circuit B in this embodiment includes first to fourth electronic switches 41 to 44, a plurality of connecting conductors 50, a capacitor 60, and a plurality of connecting pads P1 to P4 (see also Figures 2 and 3).
- the signal line 10 is a linear strip-shaped conductor that extends in one direction. That is, the signal line 10 is a long, plate-shaped conductor with a constant width, constant thickness, and a specified length.
- a signal current flows through the signal line 10 from the left side of the paper in FIG. 1 to the right side of the paper, that is, from the end on the left side of the paper (input end) to the end on the right side of the paper (output end).
- This signal current is a high-frequency signal having a wavelength range of the microwave, quasi-millimeter wave, or millimeter wave described above.
- the longitudinal direction of the signal line 10 (the direction in which the signal line 10 extends) is simply referred to as the longitudinal direction X.
- the direction from the input end to the output end of the signal line 10 along the longitudinal direction X is referred to as the +X direction or rightward.
- the direction opposite to the rightward is referred to as the leftward or -X direction.
- the direction intersecting (for example, perpendicular to) the signal line 10 is referred to as the cross direction Y.
- One direction along the cross direction Y is referred to as the back side or +Y direction.
- the direction opposite to the back side is referred to as the front side or -Y direction.
- the direction intersecting (for example, perpendicular to) both the longitudinal direction X and the cross direction Y is referred to as the up-down direction Z.
- One direction along the up-down direction Z is referred to as the up-down or +Z direction.
- the direction opposite to the up-down is referred to as the down-down or -Z direction. Viewing from the up-down direction Z is referred to as a planar view.
- the up-down direction Z does not have to coincide with the vertical direction.
- "up" and "down” do not have to coincide with the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction.
- the +X direction and the -X direction may be defined as the left and the right, respectively.
- the signal line 10 has an inductance L1 as a lumped constant circuit element electrically.
- the inductance L1 is a parasitic inductance whose size depends on the shape of the signal line 10, such as the length of the signal line 10.
- the signal line 10 also has a capacitance C1 as a lumped constant circuit element electrically.
- the capacitance C1 is a parasitic capacitance between the signal line 10 and the first parallel line 21p1 (described in detail below), between the signal line 10 and the second parallel line 22p2 (described in detail below), between the signal line 10 and the third parallel line 23p3 (described in detail below), between the signal line 10 and the silicon substrate (not shown), etc.
- the first parallel line 21p1 is a linear strip-shaped conductor provided on the second side (-Y side) of the signal line 10.
- the first parallel line 21p1 is a long plate-shaped conductor having a constant width, a constant thickness, and a predetermined length.
- the first parallel line 21p1 extends parallel to the signal line 10 (longitudinal direction X).
- the first parallel line 21p1 and the signal line 10 are arranged with a gap in the cross direction Y.
- the end located on the -X side is referred to as the first end (one end), and the end located on the +X side is referred to as the second end (other end).
- the edge located on the +Y side is referred to as the first edge (one side)
- the edge located on the -Y side is referred to as the second edge (the other side).
- the upper pad 21d1 is a rectangular flat conductor connected to the first end (-X side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the long side of the upper pad 21d1 extends in the transverse direction Y, and the short side of the upper pad 21d1 extends in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the +Y side is called the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the -Y side is called the second short side (the other short side).
- the first short side (+Y side) of the upper pad 21d1 is located at approximately the same position in the transverse direction Y as the first side edge (+Y side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the second short side (-Y side) of the upper pad 21d1 is located closer to the front (-Y side) than the second side edge (-Y side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the dimension of the upper pad 21d1 in the cross direction Y is greater than the width (dimension in the cross direction Y) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the upper pad 21d2 (first upper pad) is a rectangular flat conductor connected to the second end (+X side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the long side of the upper pad 21d2 extends in the cross direction Y, and the short side of the upper pad 21d2 extends in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the +Y side is called the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the -Y side is called the second short side (the other short side).
- the first short side (+Y side) of the upper pad 21d2 is located at approximately the same position in the cross direction Y as the first side edge (+Y side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the second short side (-Y side) of the upper pad 21d2 is located closer to the front (-Y side) than the second side edge (-Y side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the dimension of the upper pad 21d2 in the cross direction Y is greater than the width (dimension in the cross direction Y) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the second parallel line 22p2 is a linear strip-shaped conductor provided on the first side (+Y side) of the signal line 10.
- the second parallel line 22p2 is a long plate-shaped conductor having a constant width, a constant thickness, and a specified length.
- the second parallel line 22p2 extends parallel to the signal line 10 (longitudinal direction X).
- the second parallel line 22p2 and the signal line 10 are arranged with a gap in the cross direction Y.
- the ends of the second parallel line 22p2 the end located on the -X side is called the first end (one end), and the end located on the +X side is called the second end (the other end).
- the edge located on the -Y side is called the first side edge (one side edge)
- the edge located on the +Y side is called the second side edge (the other side edge).
- the second parallel line 22p2 is provided on the opposite side of the signal line 10 from the first parallel line 21p1.
- the second parallel line 22p2 is arranged so that the signal line 10 is located between the first parallel line 21p1 and the second parallel line 22p2 in the cross direction Y.
- the upper pad 22d1 is a rectangular flat conductor connected to the first end (-X side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the long side of the upper pad 22d1 extends in the cross direction Y, and the short side of the upper pad 22d1 extends in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the -Y side is called the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the +Y side is called the second short side (the other short side).
- the first short side (-Y side) of the upper pad 22d1 is located at approximately the same position in the cross direction Y as the first side edge (-Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the second short side (+Y side) of the upper pad 22d1 is located further back (+Y side) than the second side edge (+Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the dimension of the upper pad 22d1 in the cross direction Y is greater than the width (dimension in the cross direction Y) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the upper pad 22d2 (second upper pad) is a rectangular flat conductor connected to the second end (+X side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the long side of the upper pad 22d2 extends in the cross direction Y, and the short side of the upper pad 22d2 extends in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the -Y side is called the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the +Y side is called the second short side (the other short side).
- the first short side (-Y side) of the upper pad 22d2 is located at approximately the same position in the cross direction Y as the first side edge (-Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the second short side (+Y side) of the upper pad 22d2 is located further back (+Y side) than the second side edge (+Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the dimension of the upper pad 22d2 in the cross direction Y is greater than the width (dimension in the cross direction Y) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the third line 23 is formed on a layer different from the layer on which the signal line 10, the first line 21, the second line 22, the upper pad 24, and the upper pad 25 are formed, and the layer on which the first ground conductor 31 and the second ground conductor 32 are formed.
- the third line 23 is formed on a layer on which the second intermediate pads 71b, 72b, 73b, and 74b (details will be described later) shown in Figures 2 and 3 are formed.
- the third line 23 may also be formed on a layer on which the third intermediate pads 71c, 72c, 73c, and 74c (details will be described later) shown in Figures 2 and 3 are formed.
- the reason for forming the third line 23 in such a layer is to make the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the third line 23 smaller than the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the wiring is formed so that the thickness becomes smaller as it goes from the surface to the inner layer.
- the third line 23 is formed in a layer (inner layer) lower than the layer in which the signal line 10, the first line 21, the second line 22, the upper pad 24, and the upper pad 25 are formed, thereby making the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the third line 23 smaller than the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the thickness of the third line 23 is made smaller than the thicknesses of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22 in order to increase the strength of the magnetic field generated by the current (third return current) flowing through the third line 23 and to increase the resistance of the third line 23. It is desirable to set the thickness of the third line 23 so that the cross-sectional area of the third line 23 is less than 1/5 of the cross-sectional area of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the first cross line 23c1 is a strip-shaped conductor electrically connected to the first end (-X side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the first cross line 23c1 has a bent portion CR1, and the side closer to the second parallel line 22p2 (for example, the second parallel line 22p2 side of the midpoint of the first cross line 23c1 in the cross direction Y) is crank-shaped.
- the first cross line 23c1 extends from the first end (-X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 so as to move away from the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y, bends to the right (+X side) at the bent portion CR1, and then extends again so as to move away from the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y.
- the ends of the first intersecting line 23c1 the end located on the +Y side is called the first end (one end) or the back end, and the end located on the -Y side is called the second end (the other end) or the front end.
- the third parallel line 23p3 is a linear strip-shaped conductor connected to the first end (+Y side) of the first intersecting line 23c1.
- the third parallel line 23p3 is a long plate-shaped conductor having a constant width, a constant thickness, and a predetermined length.
- the third parallel line 23p3 extends from the first end (+Y side) of the first intersecting line 23c1 in parallel (longitudinal direction X) with the signal line 10. That is, the third parallel line 23p3 in this embodiment extends from the first end (+Y side) of the first intersecting line 23c1 toward the right side (+X side).
- the length of the third parallel line 23p3 is shorter than the length of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the ends of the third parallel line 23p3 the end located on the +X side is called the first end (one end), and the end located on the -X side is called the second end (the other end).
- the third parallel line 23p3 is provided on the first side (+Y side) of the signal line 10, at a position farther from the signal line 10 than the second parallel line 22p2.
- the third parallel line 23p3 is disposed such that the second parallel line 22p2 is located between the signal line 10 and the third parallel line 23p3 in the cross direction Y.
- the distance D1 between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the center line of the third parallel line 23p3 is greater than the distance D2 between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the far outer edge (the outer edge on the third parallel line 23p3 side) of the first ground conductor 31 (described later).
- the bent line 23b is a strip-shaped conductor connected to the first end (+X side) of the third parallel line 23p3 and having a bent portion CR.
- the bent line 23b consists of a first partial line 23b1 and a second partial line 23b2.
- the first partial line 23b1 extends from the first end (+X side) of the third parallel line 23p3 so as to approach the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y.
- the ends of the first partial line 23b1 the end located on the -Y side is referred to as the first end (one end), and the end located on the +Y side is referred to as the second end (the other end).
- the second partial line 23b2 extends from the first end (-Y side) of the first partial line 23b1 in parallel to the signal line 10 (longitudinal direction X). Of the ends of the second partial line 23b2, the end located on the +X side is referred to as the first end (one end), and the end located on the -X side is referred to as the second end (the other end).
- the partial lines 23b1 and 23b2 constituting the bent line 23b are long plate-shaped conductors having a constant width, a constant thickness, and a predetermined length. The length of the first partial line 23b1 is shorter than the length of the first cross line 23c1. Note that the bent line 23b may have multiple bends CR.
- the first end of the second partial line 23b2 is the first end (one end) of the bent line 23b
- the second end of the first partial line 23b1 is the second end (the other end) of the bent line 23b.
- the second cross line 23c2 is a strip-shaped conductor connected to the first end (+X side) of the second partial line 23b2 constituting the bent line 23b.
- the second cross line 23c2 has a bend CR2, and the side closer to the second parallel line 22p2 (for example, closer to the second parallel line 22p2 than the position of the midpoint of the second cross line 23c2 in the cross direction Y) is crank-shaped.
- the second cross line 23c2 extends from the first end (+X side) of the second partial line 23b2 constituting the bent line 23b so as to approach the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y, bends to the right (+X side) at the bend CR2, and then extends again so as to approach the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y.
- the ends of the second cross line 23c2 the end located on the -Y side is referred to as the first end (one end), and the end located on the +Y side is referred to as the second end (the other end).
- the first end of the second intersecting line 23c2 is the first end (one end) of the third line 23.
- the first edge (-Y side) of the second intersecting line 23c2 is located at approximately the same position in the intersecting direction Y as the first short sides (-Y side) of the upper pads 22d1 and 22d2 and the first side edge (-Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the upper pad 22d2 and the second intersecting line 23c2 are arranged with a gap in the longitudinal direction X.
- the first end (-Y side) of the second cross line 23c2 is constantly electrically connected to the second ground conductor 32 (described later) by a conductor not shown.
- the first end of the third line 23 is constantly electrically connected to the second ground conductor 32 by a conductor not shown.
- the first intersecting line 23c1, the third parallel line 23p3, the bent line 23b, and the second intersecting line 23c2 described above form a loop line that is convex toward the rear side (+Y side).
- the third line 23 is a loop line that is convex toward the rear side (+Y side).
- the upper pad 24 is a rectangular flat conductor similar to the upper pads 21d1 and 21d2 that form part of the first line 21.
- the long sides of the upper pad 24 extend in the transverse direction Y, and the short sides of the upper pad 24 extend in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the +Y side is called the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the -Y side is called the second short side (the other short side).
- the first short side (+Y side) of the upper pad 24 is located at approximately the same position in the transverse direction Y as the first side edge (+Y side) of the first parallel line 21p1.
- the second short side (-Y side) of the upper pad 24 is located closer to the front (-Y side) than the second side edge (-Y side) of the first parallel line 21p1. That is, the dimension of the upper pad 24 in the cross direction Y is larger than the width (dimension in the cross direction Y) of the first parallel line 21p1, similar to the upper pads 21d1 and 21d2 that form part of the first line 21. Also, the upper pad 24 is constantly electrically connected to the second ground conductor 32 by a conductor (not shown), similar to the first end (-Y side) of the second cross line 23c2.
- the upper pad 25 is a rectangular flat conductor similar to the upper pads 22d1 and 22d2 that form part of the second line 22.
- the long sides of the upper pad 25 extend in the transverse direction Y, and the short sides of the upper pad 25 extend in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the -Y side is called the first short side (one short side), and the short side located on the +Y side is called the second short side (the other short side).
- the first short side (-Y side) of the upper pad 25 is located at approximately the same position in the transverse direction Y as the first side edge (-Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2.
- the second short side (+Y side) of the upper pad 25 is located further back (+Y side) than the second side edge (+Y side) of the second parallel line 22p2. That is, the dimension of the upper pad 25 in the cross direction Y is larger than the width (dimension in the cross direction Y) of the second parallel line 22p2, similar to the upper pads 22d1 and 22d2 that form part of the second line 22. Also, the upper pad 25 is constantly electrically connected to the second ground conductor 32 by a conductor (not shown), similar to the first end (-Y side) of the second cross line 23c2.
- the first ground conductor 31 is a plate-shaped conductor provided on the input end side (-X side) of the signal line 10.
- the first ground conductor 31 is electrically grounded.
- the first ground conductor 31 has a rectangular shape with long sides extending in the cross direction Y and short sides extending in the longitudinal direction X.
- the first ground conductor 31 also overlaps with the ends of the upper pads 21d1 and 22d1 and the first cross line 23c1 on the near side (-Y side) in the vertical direction Z.
- the first ground conductor 31 is located below (-Z side) the signal line 10, the first line 21 (upper pad 21d1), the second line 22 (upper pad 22d1), and the third line 23 (first cross line 23c1).
- the end located on the +Y side is called the first end (one end)
- the end located on the -Y side is called the second end (the other end).
- the second ground conductor 32 is a plate-shaped conductor provided on the output end side (+X side) of the signal line 10.
- the second ground conductor 32 is electrically grounded. Although detailed illustration is omitted, the second ground conductor 32 is located below (-Z side) the signal line 10, the first line 21, the second line 22, the third line 23, and the upper pads 24, 25.
- the second ground conductor 32 has a rectangular shape with its long side extending in the cross direction Y and its short side extending in the longitudinal direction X. Of the short sides of the second ground conductor 32, the short side located on the +Y side is referred to as the first short side (one short side), and the short side located on the -Y side is referred to as the second short side (the other short side).
- the first connection pad P1 includes the above-mentioned upper pad 21d1, the first intermediate pad 71a, the second intermediate pad 71b, the third intermediate pad 71c, and the first ground conductor 31.
- the upper pad 21d1, the first intermediate pad 71a, the second intermediate pad 71b, the third intermediate pad 71c, and the first ground conductor 31 overlap each other in a planar view.
- the upper pad 21d1, the first intermediate pad 71a, the second intermediate pad 71b, the third intermediate pad 71c, and the first ground conductor 31 are arranged in this order from the upper side (+Z side) to the lower side (-Z side), and are spaced apart in the vertical direction Z.
- the upper pad 21d1 and the first intermediate pad 71a are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the first intermediate pad 71a and the second intermediate pad 71b are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the second intermediate pad 71b and the third intermediate pad 71c are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the third intermediate pad 71c and the first ground conductor 31 are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the first connection pad P1 constantly electrically connects the first end (-X side) of the first parallel line 21p1 and the first ground conductor 31.
- connection conductor 50 is a conductor that extends in the vertical direction Z and electrically and mechanically connects a member connected to the upper end of the connection conductor 50 with a member connected to the lower end of the connection conductor 50.
- the connection conductor 50 is, for example, a via that penetrates an insulating layer (not shown) in the vertical direction Z.
- the second connection pad P2 includes an upper pad 22d1, a first intermediate pad 72a, a second intermediate pad 72b, a third intermediate pad 72c, and a first ground conductor 31.
- the upper pad 22d1, the first intermediate pad 72a, the second intermediate pad 72b, the third intermediate pad 72c, and the first ground conductor 31 overlap each other in a planar view.
- the upper pad 22d1, the first intermediate pad 72a, the second intermediate pad 72b, the third intermediate pad 72c, and the first ground conductor 31 are arranged in this order from the upper side (+Z side) to the lower side (-Z side), and are spaced apart in the vertical direction Z.
- the upper pad 22d1 and the first intermediate pad 72a are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the first intermediate pad 72a and the second intermediate pad 72b are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the second intermediate pad 72b and the third intermediate pad 72c are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the third intermediate pad 72c and the first ground conductor 31 are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the second connection pad P2 constantly electrically connects the first end (-X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the near side (-Y side) end of the first intersecting line 23c1 is connected to the second intermediate pad 72b included in the second connection pad P2.
- the second connection pad P2 constantly electrically connects the third line 23 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the near side (-Y side) end of the first intersecting line 23c1 may be connected to the third intermediate pad 72c included in the second connection pad P2.
- the third connection pad P3 includes the upper pad 21d2, the first intermediate pad 73a, the second intermediate pad 73b, the third intermediate pad 73c, and the lower pad 33a.
- the upper pad 21d2, the first intermediate pad 73a, the second intermediate pad 73b, the third intermediate pad 73c, and the lower pad 33a overlap each other in a planar view.
- the upper pad 21d2, the first intermediate pad 73a, the second intermediate pad 73b, the third intermediate pad 73c, and the lower pad 33a are arranged in this order from the upper side (+Z side) to the lower side (-Z side), and are spaced apart in the vertical direction Z.
- the lower pad 33a (first lower pad) is a rectangular flat conductor whose long sides extend in the transverse direction Y and whose short sides extend in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the +Y side is referred to as the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the -Y side is referred to as the second short side (the other short side).
- the lower pad 33a is provided separately from the second grounding conductor 32.
- the lower pad 33a and the second grounding conductor 32 are electrically connected or not connected depending on the state of the first electronic switch 41 (described later). Therefore, the lower pad 33a is electrically grounded or not connected depending on the state of the first electronic switch 41.
- the upper pad 21d2 and the first intermediate pad 73a are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the first intermediate pad 73a and the second intermediate pad 73b are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the second intermediate pad 73b and the third intermediate pad 73c are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the third intermediate pad 73c and the lower pad 33a are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the third connection pad P3 constantly electrically connects the second end (+X side) of the first parallel line 21p1 and the first electronic switch 41.
- the fourth connection pad P4 includes the upper pad 22d2, the first intermediate pad 74a, the second intermediate pad 74b, the third intermediate pad 74c, and the lower pad 33b.
- the upper pad 22d2, the first intermediate pad 74a, the second intermediate pad 74b, the third intermediate pad 74c, and the lower pad 33b overlap each other in a planar view.
- the upper pad 22d2, the first intermediate pad 74a, the second intermediate pad 74b, the third intermediate pad 74c, and the lower pad 33b are arranged in this order from the upper side (+Z side) to the lower side (-Z side), and are spaced apart in the vertical direction Z.
- the lower pad 33b (second lower pad) is a rectangular flat conductor whose long sides extend in the transverse direction Y and whose short sides extend in the longitudinal direction X.
- the short side located on the +Y side is referred to as the first short side (one short side)
- the short side located on the -Y side is referred to as the second short side (the other short side).
- the lower pad 33b is provided separately from the second grounding conductor 32 and the lower pad 33a.
- the lower pad 33b and the second grounding conductor 32 are electrically connected or not connected depending on the state of the second electronic switch 42 (described later). Therefore, the lower pad 33b is electrically grounded or not connected depending on the state of the second electronic switch 42.
- the upper pad 22d2 and the first intermediate pad 74a are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the first intermediate pad 74a and the second intermediate pad 74b are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the second intermediate pad 74b and the third intermediate pad 74c are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the third intermediate pad 74c and the lower pad 33b are electrically and mechanically connected by a plurality of connecting conductors 50.
- the fourth connection pad P4 constantly electrically connects the second end (+X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 and the second electronic switch 42.
- the dimension D12 in the cross direction Y of the lower pad 33a forming part of the connection pad P3 is larger than the dimension D11 in the cross direction Y of the upper pad 21d2 forming part of the connection pad P3.
- the dimension D22 in the cross direction Y of the lower pad 33b forming part of the connection pad P4 is larger than the dimension D21 in the cross direction Y of the upper pad 22d2 forming part of the connection pad P4.
- the capacitor 60 is a parallel plate whose upper electrode is connected to the signal line 10 and whose lower electrode is connected to the first ground conductor 31 via the third electronic switch 43.
- the capacitor 60 has a capacitance Ca according to the opposing area of the parallel plates.
- the capacitance Ca is a circuit constant provided between the signal line 10 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the capacitor 60 may also be a comb-tooth capacitor.
- the first electronic switch 41 is a transistor that freely connects the lower pad 33a of the third connection pad P3 and the second ground conductor 32.
- the first electronic switch 41 in this embodiment is, for example, a MOS type FET, with a drain terminal connected to the lower pad 33a of the third connection pad P3, a source terminal connected to the second ground conductor 32, and a gate terminal connected to the switch control unit 80.
- the first electronic switch 41 switches the conductive state between the drain terminal and the source terminal to an open state or a closed state based on a gate signal input to the gate terminal from the switch control unit 80. That is, the first electronic switch 41 uses the switch control unit 80 to bring the second end (+X side) of the first parallel line 21p1 and the second ground conductor 32 into a conductive state or a cut-off state.
- the second electronic switch 42 is a transistor that can be freely opened and closed by connecting the lower pad 33b of the fourth connection pad P4 and the second ground conductor 32.
- the second electronic switch 42 in this embodiment is, for example, a MOS type FET, with a drain terminal connected to the lower pad 33b of the fourth connection pad P4, a source terminal connected to the second ground conductor 32, and a gate terminal connected to the switch control unit 80.
- the second electronic switch 42 switches the conductive state between the drain terminal and the source terminal to an open state or a closed state based on a gate signal input to the gate terminal from the switch control unit 80. That is, the second electronic switch 42 uses the switch control unit 80 to bring the second end (+X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 and the second ground conductor 32 into a conductive state or a cut-off state.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the connection relationship between the connection pads and the first and second electronic switches in the digital phase shift circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are, for example, MOS type FETs having a rectangular shape in a plan view, and have a drain terminal DT and a source terminal ST. Note that the gate terminal is not shown in FIG. 4.
- the size (specifically, the gate width W) of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 is increased to reduce the loss of high-frequency signals.
- the size of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 is increased, the length of the drain terminal DT and the source terminal ST in the cross direction Y also increases, as shown in FIG. 4.
- the dimension D12 of the lower pad 33a in the cross direction Y is made longer to match the length of the drain terminal DT of the first electronic switch 41 in the cross direction Y.
- the dimension D12 of the lower pad 33a in the cross direction Y is made larger than the dimension D11 of the upper pad 21d2 in the cross direction Y. This allows the entire drain terminal DT of the first electronic switch 41 to be connected to the lower pad 33a.
- the dimension D22 of the lower pad 33b in the cross direction Y is made longer to match the length of the drain terminal DT of the second electronic switch 42 in the cross direction Y.
- the dimension D22 of the lower pad 33b in the cross direction Y is made larger than the dimension D21 of the upper pad 22d2 in the cross direction Y. This allows the entire drain terminal DT of the second electronic switch 42 to be connected to the lower pad 33b.
- the second short side (-Y side) of the second ground conductor 32 is located at approximately the same position in the cross direction Y as the second short side (-Y side) of the lower pad 33a.
- the second ground conductor 32 extends in the cross direction Y from the first short side (+Y side) of the lower pad 33b to the second short side (-Y side) of the lower pad 33a. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the source terminals ST of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are also entirely connected to the second ground conductor 32.
- the third electronic switch 43 is a transistor that freely connects the lower electrode of the capacitor 60 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the third electronic switch 43 is, for example, a MOS type FET, with a drain terminal connected to the lower electrode of the capacitor 60, a source terminal connected to the first ground conductor 31, and a gate terminal connected to the switch control unit 80.
- the third electronic switch 43 is disposed at a position away from the signal line 10 toward the rear (+Y side). Also, the first end (+Y side) of the first ground conductor 31 extends away from the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y and is connected to the third electronic switch 43.
- the reason for this arrangement is that there are design rule restrictions on the connection of the lower electrode of the capacitor 60 in certain semiconductor manufacturing processes.
- the lower electrode of the capacitor 60 is restricted to first be connected to an upper wiring layer (e.g., the layer in which the signal line 10 is formed) via a connection wire and a via, and then connected from that wiring layer to a lower wiring layer via a via.
- an upper wiring layer e.g., the layer in which the signal line 10 is formed
- the connection path between the lower electrode of the capacitor 60 and the third electronic switch 43 is illustrated in a simplified manner. Due to this restriction, the third electronic switch 43 cannot be placed near the position where the capacitor 60 is formed (e.g., the input end side (-X side) of the signal line 10 shown in FIG. 1), and must be placed at a position away from the signal line 10 toward the rear (+Y side).
- the first ground conductor 31 extends away from the signal line 10 in the cross direction Y in order to be connected to the source terminal of the third electronic switch 43 placed in such a position.
- the third electronic switch 43 switches the conductive state between the drain terminal and the source terminal to an open state or a closed state based on a gate signal input to the gate terminal from the switch control unit 80. That is, the third electronic switch 43 uses the switch control unit 80 to bring the lower electrode of the capacitor 60 and the first ground conductor 31 into a conductive state or a cut-off state.
- the size (gate width) of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 is set to, for example, at least twice the size (gate width) of the third electronic switch 43. It is preferable that the size (gate width) of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 is at least five times the size (gate width) of the third electronic switch 43.
- the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode can be significantly reduced. Since it is desirable for the difference between the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode and the loss of the high frequency signal in the low delay mode to be as small as possible, if the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode is reduced, it is also necessary to reduce the loss of the high frequency signal in the low delay mode. For this reason, the size of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 is made larger than the size of the third electronic switch 43.
- the size of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 must be set to at least twice the size of the third electronic switch 43. Furthermore, if the size of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 is set to at least five times the size of the third electronic switch 43, the high-frequency signal loss in the high-latency mode and the low-latency mode can be made to be approximately the same.
- the fourth electronic switch 44 is a transistor that freely connects the input end side (-X side) of the signal line 10 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the fourth electronic switch 44 is a MOS type FET, like the first electronic switch 41, the second electronic switch 42, and the third electronic switch 43 described above, and has a drain terminal connected to the input end side (-X side) of the signal line 10, a source terminal connected to the first ground conductor 31, and a gate terminal connected to the switch control unit 80.
- the fourth electronic switch 44 may be provided between the output end side (+X side) of the signal line 10 and the second ground conductor 32, instead of between the input end side (-X side) of the signal line 10 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the fourth electronic switch 44 switches the conduction state between the drain terminal and the source terminal to an open state or a closed state based on a gate signal input to the gate terminal from the switch control unit 80. That is, the fourth electronic switch 44 uses the switch control unit 80 to establish a conduction state or a cutoff state between the input end side (-X side) of the signal line 10 and the first ground conductor 31.
- the switch control unit 80 is a control circuit that controls the above-mentioned first electronic switch 41, second electronic switch 42, third electronic switch 43, and fourth electronic switch 44.
- the switch control unit 80 has four output ports, and outputs gate signals individually from each output port to the gate terminals of the first electronic switch 41, second electronic switch 42, third electronic switch 43, and fourth electronic switch 44. That is, the switch control unit 80 opens or closes the first electronic switch 41, second electronic switch 42, third electronic switch 43, and fourth electronic switch 44 using the gate signals.
- the digital phase shift circuit B switches between operating modes depending on the conductive states of the first to third electronic switches 41 to 43. That is, the operating modes of the digital phase shift circuit B include a low-delay mode in which the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are set to a closed state by the switch control unit 80, and the third electronic switch 43 is set to an open state, and a high-delay mode in which the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are set to an open state by the switch control unit 80, and the third electronic switch 43 is set to a closed state.
- the switch control unit 80 sets the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 to a closed state, and sets the third electronic switch 43 to an open state. That is, in the low delay mode, the phase at the output end (right end) becomes a first phase ⁇ L smaller than the second phase ⁇ H in the high delay mode due to a first propagation delay time T L until the high frequency signal propagates from the input end (left end) to the output end (right end ) of the signal line 10.
- T L first propagation delay time
- the first electronic switch 41 When the first electronic switch 41 is set to a closed state, the second end (+X side) of the first parallel line 21p1 is connected to the second ground conductor 32 via the third connection pad P3 (see FIG. 1). Meanwhile, the first end (-X side) of the first parallel line 21p1 is constantly connected to the first ground conductor 31 via the first connection pad P1 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Therefore, the first parallel line 21p1 forms a first current path through which a current can flow between the first end (-X side) and the second end (+X side) by connecting the second end (+X side) to the second ground conductor 32 via the first electronic switch 41.
- the second end (+X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 is connected to the second ground conductor 32 via the fourth connection pad P4 (see FIG. 1).
- the first end (-X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 is constantly connected to the first ground conductor 31 via the second connection pad P2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Therefore, by connecting the second end (+X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 to the second ground conductor 32 via the second electronic switch 42, a second current path is formed through which a current can flow between the first end (-X side) and the second end (+X side).
- a first return current flows in the opposite direction to the direction of the signal current due to the passage of the signal current in the signal line 10.
- a second return current flows in the opposite direction to the direction of the signal current, i.e., in the same direction as the first return current, due to the passage of the signal current in the signal line 10.
- the first return current flowing through the first parallel line 21p1 and the second return current flowing through the second parallel line 22p2 are both opposite to the direction of the signal current. Therefore, the first return current and the second return current act to reduce the overall inductance of the digital phase shift circuit B due to the electromagnetic coupling (mutual induction) between the signal line 10 and the first parallel line 21p1 and the electromagnetic coupling (mutual induction) between the signal line 10 and the second parallel line 22p2.
- the inductance of the signal line 10 is Ls low
- the inductance of the return path (the first parallel line 21p1 and the second parallel line 22p2) is Lg low
- the mutual inductance between the signal line 10 and the return path is M low .
- the overall inductance L low of the digital phase shift circuit B in the low delay mode is Ls low +Lg low -M low .
- the signal line 10 has the capacitance C1 as a parasitic capacitance.
- the third electronic switch 43 is set to an open state, and therefore the capacitor 60 is not connected between the signal line 10 and the first ground conductor 31. That is, the capacitance Ca of the capacitor 60 does not affect the high-frequency signal propagating through the signal line 10. Therefore, a first propagation delay time T L proportional to (L low ⁇ C1) 1/2 acts on the high-frequency signal propagating through the signal line 10.
- the high frequency signal at the output end of the signal line 10 lags behind the high frequency signal at the input end of the signal line 10 by a first phase ⁇ L. That is, in the low delay mode, the first return current and the second return current cause the overall inductance of the digital phase shift circuit B to become the inductance L low , thereby reducing the propagation delay time.
- the switch control unit 80 sets the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 to an open state, and sets the third electronic switch 43 to a closed state.
- the fourth electronic switch 44 is set to an open state. That is, in the high delay mode, the phase at the output end (right end) becomes a second phase ⁇ H that is larger than the first phase ⁇ L in the low delay mode due to the second propagation delay time T H until the high frequency signal propagates from the input end (left end) of the signal line 10 to the output end (right end).
- the high delay mode will be described in more detail below.
- the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 are set to an open state. Therefore, the first conductive path described above is not formed in the first parallel line 21p1, and the second conductive path described above is not formed in the second parallel line 22p2. Therefore, the first return current flowing in the first parallel line 21p1 becomes extremely small, and the second return current flowing in the second parallel line 22p2 becomes extremely small.
- the near side (-Y side) end of the first intersecting line 23c1, which is part of the third line 23, is constantly connected to the first ground conductor 31 via the second connection pad P2 (see FIG. 2).
- the first end (-Y side) of the second intersecting line 23c2, which is part of the third line 23, is constantly connected to the second ground conductor 32, as described above. Therefore, in the third line 23, a third current path is formed in advance, through which a current can flow between the first end (-Y side) of the second intersecting line 23c2 and the near side (-Y side) end of the first intersecting line 23c1.
- the third return current flows in the third parallel line 23p3 parallel to the signal line 10 and in the second partial line 23b2 of the bent line 23b in a direction opposite to the direction of the signal current in the signal line 10.
- the first partial line 23b1 of the bent line 23b, the third parallel line 23p3, and the first crossing line 23c1 form a loop line that is convex on the opposite side (+Y side) from the signal line 10. Therefore, the inductance of the return path (path through which the third return current flows) can be increased compared to a conventional configuration in which the return path does not form a loop line.
- the thickness of the third line 23 (the thickness of the first crossing line 23c1, the third parallel line 23p3, the bent line 23b, and the second crossing line 23c2) is smaller than the thickness of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the inductance of the signal line 10 is Ls high
- the inductance of the return path (the second crossing line 23c2, the bent line 23b, the third parallel line 23p3, and the first crossing line 23c1) is Lg high
- the mutual inductance between the signal line 10 and the return path is M high .
- Ls high Ls low
- the overall inductance L high of the digital phase shift circuit B in the high delay mode is Ls high +Lg high -M high .
- the principle by which the third return current acts to increase the inductance of the return path can be explained as follows. That is, the magnetic field generated when the third return current flows through the first partial line 23b1 of the bent line 23b, the magnetic field generated when the third return current flows through the third parallel line 23p3, and the magnetic field generated when the third return current flows through the first intersecting line 23c1 all have the same direction (+Z direction) within the loop line. Therefore, these magnetic fields reinforce each other. Therefore, compared to the conventional configuration in which the line through which the third return current flows does not form a loop line, the magnetic field generated by the third return current can be made larger, and the inductance of the return path can be increased.
- the value of the inductance of the return path can be significantly changed by adjusting the height of the loop (i.e., the position of the third parallel line 23p3 in the intersecting direction Y, as well as the first intersecting line 23c1 and the first partial line 23b1 of the bent line 23b.
- the signal line 10 has a capacitance C1 as a parasitic capacitance.
- the third electronic switch 43 is set to a closed state, and therefore the capacitor 60 is connected between the signal line 10 and the first ground conductor 31. That is, the signal line 10 has a capacitance Cb which is a sum of the capacitance Ca of the capacitor 60 and the capacitance C1 (parasitic capacitance). Therefore, a second propagation delay time T H related to the increase in inductance of the transmission system and the sum of the capacitance Cb acts on the high frequency signal propagating through the signal line 10.
- the high frequency signal at the output end of the signal line 10 lags behind the high frequency signal at the input end of the signal line 10 by the second phase ⁇ H. That is, in the high delay mode, the inductance of the transmission system is increased due to the third return current, thereby increasing the propagation delay time.
- the loss in the signal line 10 may be intentionally increased by setting the electronic switch 44 to a closed state. This loss is intended to make the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode the same as the loss of the high frequency signal in the low delay mode.
- Digital Phase Shifter Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the main configuration of a digital phase shifter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- a digital phase shifter A1 of this embodiment has a plurality of digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn -1 , Bn cascaded in the longitudinal direction X.
- the basic configuration of the digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn -1 , Bn is the same as that of the digital phase shift circuit B described using Figs. 1 to 4.
- the digital phase shifter A1 outputs the high frequency signal input from the digital phase shift circuit B1 from the digital phase shift circuit Bn , or outputs the high frequency signal input from the digital phase shift circuit Bn from the digital phase shift circuit B1 . Note that, in the following, an example will be described in which the high frequency signal input from the digital phase shift circuit B1 is output from the digital phase shift circuit Bn . Note that, for ease of viewing, the first electronic switch 41, the second electronic switch 42, and the switch control section 80 are omitted from FIG. 5.
- the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n are cascaded in the longitudinal direction X such that the first lines 21 of all the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n are located on the second side (-Y side) of the signal line 10, and the second lines 22 and the third lines 23 of all the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n are located on the first side (+Y side) of the signal line 10.
- the digital phase shifter A1 is configured such that the loop line is disposed only on the first side (+Y side) of the signal line 10. The reason for this configuration is to reduce the size of the digital phase shifter A1.
- the digital phase shift circuits B 1 to B n-1 are connected to the adjacent digital phase shift circuits B 2 to B n on the right side (+X side) so that a portion of each of them extends into the adjacent digital phase shift circuits B 2 to B n. It can also be said that in the digital phase shifter A1 according to this embodiment, the digital phase shift circuits B 2 to B n are connected to the adjacent digital phase shift circuits B 1 to B n-1 on the left side (-X side) so that a portion of each of them extends into the adjacent digital phase shift circuits B 2 to B n.
- the first ground conductor 31 and the second ground conductor 32 are commonized, a portion of the first intersecting line 23c1 and a portion of the second intersecting line 23c2 are commonized, the upper pad 21d1 and the upper pad 24 are commonized, and the upper pad 22d1 and the upper pad 25 are commonized.
- the first ground conductor 31 of one digital phase shift circuit B and the second ground conductor 32 of the other digital phase shift circuit B are shared, a portion of the first intersecting line 23c1 of one digital phase shift circuit B and a portion of the second intersecting line 23c2 of the other digital phase shift circuit B are shared, the upper pad 21d1 of one digital phase shift circuit B and the upper pad 24 of the other digital phase shift circuit B are shared, and the upper pad 22d1 of one digital phase shift circuit B and the upper pad 25 of the other digital phase shift circuit B are shared.
- the second ground conductor 32 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 and the first ground conductor 31 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 are common to each other, a portion of the second cross line 23c2 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 and a portion of the first cross line 23c1 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 are common to each other, the upper pad 24 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 and the upper pad 21d1 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 are common to each other, and the upper pad 25 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 and the upper pad 22d1 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 are common to each other.
- the first ground conductor 31 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 also functions as the second ground conductor 32 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 .
- a part of the first cross line 23c1 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 also functions as a part of the second cross line 23c2 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 .
- the upper pad 21d1 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 also functions as the upper pad 24 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 .
- the upper pad 22d1 of the digital phase shift circuit B2 also functions as the upper pad 25 of the digital phase shift circuit B1 .
- the first crossing line 23c1 constituting the third line 23 has a bent portion CR1, and the side closer to the second parallel line 22p2 is crank-shaped.
- the second crossing line 23c2 constituting the third line 23 has a bent portion CR2, and the side closer to the second parallel line 22p2 is crank-shaped. Therefore, in a portion where the digital phase shift circuits B are adjacent to each other, the shared first crossing line 23c1 and second crossing line 23c2 extend from the first end (-X side) of the second parallel line 22p2 in the crossing direction Y in a plan view, and are bent to the right (+X side) at the bent portion CR1 and bent to the left (-X side) at the bent portion CR2, forming a T-shape.
- the line through which the third return current flows forms a loop line that is convex on the opposite side (+Y side) of the signal line 10, and the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the line through which the third return current flows is smaller than the thickness (cross-sectional area) of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22. Therefore, the efficiency of generating a magnetic field can be significantly improved compared to the conventional technology.
- the digital phase shifter A1 of the present embodiment as described above, the mutual inductance between the adjacent digital phase shift circuits B can be reduced. As a result, the digital phase shifter A1 of the present embodiment can ensure a required phase shift amount even if the loop line is arranged only on the first side (+Y side) of the signal line 10.
- the digital phase shifter A1 of this embodiment for example, when the adjacent digital phase shift circuits, except for the digital phase shift circuit B1 , are set to the high delay mode, the third return current flows through a path that does not pass through the second connection pad P2.
- the digital phase shift circuits B1 to B3 are set to the high delay mode, the third return current flows through the path PT in the figure without passing through obstacles with large losses, such as the second connection pad P2 of the digital phase shift circuits B2 and B3 and the first ground conductor 31 (second ground conductor 32). Therefore, the digital phase shifter A1 of this embodiment can significantly reduce the loss of the high-frequency signal in the high delay mode.
- the digital phase shifter A1 of this embodiment can significantly reduce the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode.
- the size of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 arranged in the current paths of the first return current and the second return current in the low delay mode can be increased. This is because it is desirable for the difference between the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode and the loss of the high frequency signal in the low delay mode to be as small as possible, and therefore if the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode is reduced, it is also necessary to reduce the loss of the high frequency signal in the low delay mode. In this way, the digital phase shifter A1 of this embodiment can reduce the loss of the high frequency signal overall.
- the digital phase shifter A1 of this embodiment is a phase shifter having a plurality of digital phase shift circuits B1 to Bn connected in cascade.
- Each of the plurality of digital phase shift circuits B1 to Bn includes a signal line 10, a first line 21, a second line 22, a third line 23, a first ground conductor 31, a second ground conductor 32, a first electronic switch 41, and a second electronic switch 42.
- the first line 21 includes a first parallel line 21p1 extending parallel to the signal line 10.
- the second line 22 includes a second parallel line 22p2 extending parallel to the signal line 10.
- the third line 23 is connected to a first end of the second parallel line 22p2 and includes, in a planar view, a first intersecting line 23c1 extending from the first end of the second parallel line 22p2 in a crossing direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the signal line 10 so as to move away from the signal line 10, a third parallel line 23p3 extending from the first end of the first intersecting line 23c1 in parallel to the signal line 10, and a second intersecting line 23c2 extending from the first end of the third parallel line 23p3 in the crossing direction so as to move closer to the signal line 10.
- Each of the digital phase shift circuits B 1 to B n includes a first ground conductor 31, a second ground conductor 32, a first electronic switch 41, and a second electronic switch 42.
- the first ground conductor 31 is electrically connected to a first end of the first parallel line 21p1 and a first end of the second parallel line 22p2, and the second ground conductor 32 is connected to a first end of the third line 23.
- the first electronic switch 41 is provided between a second end of the first parallel line 21p1 and the second ground conductor 32
- the second electronic switch 42 is provided between a second end of the second parallel line 22p2 and the second ground conductor 32.
- the signal line 10 is located between the first parallel line 21p1 and the second parallel line 22p2.
- the cross-sectional area of the third line 23 is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the first cross line 23c1 and the second cross line 23c2 included in the third line 23 have a crank shape on the side closer to the second parallel line 22p2.
- the first ground conductor 31 and the second ground conductor 32 are common in the portion where the digital phase shift circuits are adjacent. Also, in the portion where the digital phase shift circuits are adjacent, the second crossing line 23c2 of the third line 23 is connected to the first crossing line 23c1 of the third line 23 in the adjacent digital phase shift circuit.
- Second Embodiment Digital phase shift circuit Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the basic configuration of a digital phase shift circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a digital phase shift circuit B' according to this embodiment has a configuration substantially similar to that of the digital phase shift circuit B shown in Fig. 1, but the configuration of the third line 23 is different.
- the third line 23 is composed of a first cross line 23c1, a third parallel line 23p3, and a second cross line 23c2, with the bent line 23b shown in Fig. 1 omitted.
- the digital phase shift circuit B' is compatible with higher frequencies (e.g., 39 GHz).
- the first intersecting line 23c1 constituting the third line 23 has a length in the intersecting direction Y that is shorter than that of the first intersecting line 23c1 shown in FIG. 1 because the bent line 23b is omitted. Since the bent line 23b is omitted, the third parallel line 23p3 extends so as to connect the end on the far side (+Y side) of the first intersecting line 23c1 and the end on the far side (+Y side) of the second intersecting line 23c2.
- the distance D1 between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the center line of the third parallel line 23p3 in this embodiment is smaller than the distance D1 between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the center line of the third parallel line 23p3 in the first embodiment.
- the distance D2 between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the outer edge on the far side of the first ground conductor 31 (the outer edge on the third parallel line 23p3 side) is the same as in the first embodiment.
- Digital Phase Shifter Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the main configuration of a digital phase shifter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the digital phase shifter A2 of this embodiment has a plurality of digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn -1 , Bn cascaded in the longitudinal direction X.
- the basic configuration of the digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn -1 , Bn is the same as that of the digital phase shift circuit B' described using Fig. 6.
- the first electronic switch 41, the second electronic switch 42, and the switch control section 80 are omitted, as in Fig. 5.
- the digital phase shifter A2 shown in FIG. 7 is different from the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5 only in the third line 23 provided in each of the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n, and the configuration other than the third line 23 is the same as the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5. Therefore, in the digital phase shifter A2 of this embodiment, for example, when the adjacent digital phase shift circuits except for the digital phase shift circuit B 1 are set to the high delay mode, the third return current flows through a path that does not pass through the second connection pad P2. For example, when the digital phase shift circuits B 1 to B 3 are set to the high delay mode, the third return current flows through the path PT in the figure. Therefore, the digital phase shifter A2 of this embodiment can significantly reduce the loss of the high frequency signal in the high delay mode, similar to the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5.
- the sizes of the first electronic switch 41 and the second electronic switch 42 arranged in the current paths of the first return current and the second return current in the low delay mode can be increased. This is because it is desirable for the difference between the high frequency signal loss in the high delay mode and the high frequency signal loss in the low delay mode to be as small as possible, and therefore if the high frequency signal loss in the high delay mode is reduced, it is necessary to also reduce the high frequency signal loss in the low delay mode. In this way, the digital phase shifter A2 of this embodiment can also reduce the high frequency signal loss overall.
- the digital phase shifter A2 of this embodiment differs from the digital phase shifter A1 shown in Fig. 5 only in the third line 23 provided in each of the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n, and the configuration other than the third line 23 is the same as that of the digital phase shifter A1 shown in Fig. 5. Therefore, the digital phase shifter A2 of this embodiment can also achieve a desired phase shift characteristic with a smaller size than the conventional one. Moreover, in this embodiment, a desired phase shift amount can be secured even if the frequency becomes high.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the basic configuration of a digital phase shift circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- a digital phase shift circuit B′′ according to this embodiment has a configuration generally similar to that of the digital phase shift circuit B shown in FIG. 1, but the configuration of the third line 23 is different.
- a plurality of holes H are formed in the third line 23 along the third line 23. The holes H are formed in order to increase the resistance of the third line 23.
- the digital phase shifter A3 of this embodiment is obtained by cascading the digital phase shift circuit B'' described using FIG. 8 in the longitudinal direction X as digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , . . . , B n-1 , B n, as in the first and second embodiments. For this reason, detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the digital phase shift circuit B'' and digital phase shifter A3 of this embodiment have the same configuration as the digital phase shift circuit B shown in FIG. 1 and the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5, except that a hole H is formed in the third line 23. Therefore, in this embodiment, as with the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to achieve the desired phase shift characteristics in a smaller size than conventional devices.
- the digital phase shift circuit B'' is configured such that the third line 23 of the digital phase shift circuit B shown in FIG. 1 has a plurality of holes H formed along the third line 23.
- the digital phase shift circuit B' shown in FIG. 6 may have a plurality of holes H formed along the third line 23.
- the digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn -1 , Bn are digital phase shift circuits B'', and it is sufficient that at least two digital phase shift circuits (specific digital phase shift circuits) among the digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn- 1, Bn are digital phase shift circuits B''.
- the digital phase shift circuits B'' may be provided periodically (for example, every other circuit, every third circuit, etc.). In this way, the difference in loss between the low delay mode and the high delay mode can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the main configuration of a digital phase shifter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the digital phase shifter A4 of this embodiment has a configuration generally similar to that of the digital phase shifter A1 shown in Fig. 5, but the configurations of the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n are slightly different from those shown in Fig. 5.
- the distance D1 (see FIG. 1) between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the center line of the third parallel line 23p3 in the cross direction Y is different between adjacent digital phase shift circuits.
- the distance D1 in the even-numbered digital phase shift circuits (digital phase shift circuits B 2 , B 4 , B 6 , ...) is set shorter than the distance D1 in the odd-numbered digital phase shift circuits (digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 3 , B 5 , ).
- the digital phase shifter A4 of this embodiment can have a larger phase shift amount than the digital phase shifter A1 of the first embodiment.
- the digital phase shifter A4 of this embodiment has a fundamentally similar configuration to the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5, although the distance D1 (see FIG. 1) between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the center line of the third parallel line 23p3 in the cross direction Y differs between adjacent digital phase shift circuits. Therefore, like the digital phase shifter A1 shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to achieve the desired phase shifting characteristics while being smaller than conventional ones.
- the distance D1 (see Fig. 1) between the center line of the second parallel line 22p2 and the center line of the third parallel line 23p3 in the cross direction Y is different between adjacent digital phase shift circuits.
- the distance D1 does not necessarily need to be different between adjacent digital phase shift circuits. It is sufficient that the distance D1 in at least one digital phase shift circuit among the digital phase shift circuits B1 , B2 , B3 , ..., Bn -1 , Bn is different from the distance D1 in the other digital phase shift circuits.
- the distance D1 is not limited to two types, and may be three or more types.
- the digital phase shifter A4 of this embodiment is configured such that the above-mentioned distance D1 is different for the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n included in the digital phase shifter A1 shown in Fig. 5.
- the above-mentioned distance D1 may be different for the digital phase shift circuits B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ..., B n-1 , B n included in the digital phase shifter A2 shown in Fig. 7.
- the thickness of the third line 23 is made smaller than the thicknesses of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22, so that the cross-sectional area of the third line 23 is made smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the width (width in a plan view) of the third line 23 may be made smaller than the widths of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22, so that the cross-sectional area of the third line 23 is made smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22.
- the third line 23 is formed in a layer different from the layer in which the signal line 10, the first line 21, the second line 22, etc. are formed, and the layer in which the first ground conductor 31 and the second ground conductor 32 are formed.
- the cross-sectional area of the third line 23 can be made smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22, the third line 23 may be formed in the same layer as the layer in which the signal line 10, the first line 21, and the second line 22 are formed.
- all the third lines 23 of the digital phase shift circuits B 1 to B n constituting the digital phase shifters A1 to A4 according to the first to fourth embodiments described above may be formed in the same layer.
- the third line 23 of at least one of the digital phase shift circuits B1 to Bn constituting the digital phase shifters A1 to A4 according to the first to fourth embodiments described above may be formed in a layer different from the third line 23 of the other digital phase shift circuits.
- the third line 23 in the digital phase shift circuit B1 may be formed in the second intermediate pad 72b (see FIG. 2)
- the third line 23 in the other digital phase shift circuits B2 to Bn may be formed in the third intermediate pad 72c (see FIG. 2).
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2023年06月07日に、日本に出願された特願2023-093907号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
〈デジタル移相回路〉
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態によるデジタル移相回路の基本構成を示す平面図である。図2は、図1中のII-II線に沿う断面矢視図である。図3は、図1中のIII-III線に沿う断面矢視図である。
なお、上下方向Zは鉛直方向と一致していなくてもよい。また、「上方」および「下方」は、鉛直方向における上側および下側と一致していなくてもよい。また、+Xの向きおよび-Xの向きをそれぞれ右方および左方と定義する代わりに、+Xの向きおよび-Xの向きをそれぞれ左方および右方としてもよい。
図5は、本発明の第1実施形態によるデジタル移相器の要部構成を示す平面図である。図5に示す通り、本実施形態のデジタル移相器A1は、複数のデジタル移相回路B1,B2,B3,…,Bn-1,Bnを長手方向Xに縦続接続したものである。尚、デジタル移相回路B1,B2,B3,…,Bn-1,Bnの基本構成は、図1~図4を用いて説明したデジタル移相回路Bと同様である。
〈デジタル移相回路〉
図6は、本発明の第2実施形態によるデジタル移相回路の基本構成を示す平面図である。尚、図6においては、図1に示す構成と同様の構成については同一の符号を付してある。図6に示す通り、本実施形態によるデジタル移相回路B′は、図1に示すデジタル移相回路Bと概ね同様の構成であるが、第3線路23の構成が異なる。具体的に、第3線路23は、図1に示す屈曲線路23bが省略され、第1交差線路23c1、第3平行線路23p3、及び第2交差線路23c2から構成される。デジタル移相回路B′は、より高い周波数(例えば、39GHz)に対応したものである。
図7は、本発明の第2実施形態によるデジタル移相器の要部構成を示す平面図である。図7に示す通り、本実施形態のデジタル移相器A2は、複数のデジタル移相回路B1,B2,B3,…,Bn-1,Bnを長手方向Xに縦続接続したものである。尚、デジタル移相回路B1,B2,B3,…,Bn-1,Bnの基本構成は、図6を用いて説明したデジタル移相回路B′と同様である。尚、図7においては、図5と同様に、第1電子スイッチ41、第2電子スイッチ42、及びスイッチ制御部80の図示は省略している。
〈デジタル移相回路〉
図8は、本発明の第3実施形態によるデジタル移相回路の基本構成を示す平面図である。尚、図8においては、図1に示す構成と同様の構成については同一の符号を付してある。図8に示す通り、本実施形態によるデジタル移相回路B″は、図1に示すデジタル移相回路Bと概ね同様の構成であるが、第3線路23の構成が異なる。具体的に、本実施形態によるデジタル移相回路B″において、第3線路23には、第3線路23に沿って複数の孔Hが形成されている。このような孔Hを形成するのは、第3線路23の抵抗を大きくするためである。
本実施形態のデジタル移相器A3は、図8を用いて説明したデジタル移相回路B″を、第1,第2実施形態と同様に、デジタル移相回路B1,B2,B3,…,Bn-1,Bnとして長手方向Xに縦続接続したものである。このため、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。
〈デジタル移相器〉
図9は、本発明の第4実施形態によるデジタル移相器の要部構成を示す平面図である。図9に示す通り、本実施形態のデジタル移相器A4は、図5に示すデジタル移相器A1と概ね同様の構成であるが、デジタル移相回路B1,B2,B3,…,Bn-1,Bnの構成が、図5に示すものと若干異なる。
Claims (14)
- 信号線路と、
前記信号線路と平行に延びる第1平行線路を含む第1線路と、
前記信号線路と平行に延びる第2平行線路を含む第2線路と、
前記第2平行線路の第1の端部に接続され、平面視において、前記第2平行線路の第1の端部から前記信号線路の長手方向と交差する交差方向において前記信号線路から遠ざかるように延びる第1交差線路と、前記第1交差線路の第1の端部から前記信号線路と平行に延びる第3平行線路と、前記第3平行線路の第1の端部から前記交差方向において前記信号線路に近づくように延びる第2交差線路と、を含む第3線路と、
前記第1平行線路の第1の端部及び前記第2平行線路の第1の端部に電気的に接続された第1接地導体と、
前記第3線路の第1の端部に電気的に接続された第2接地導体と、
前記第1平行線路の第2の端部と前記第2接地導体との間に設けられた第1電子スイッチと、
前記第2平行線路の第2の端部と前記第2接地導体との間に設けられた第2電子スイッチと、を備え、
前記第1平行線路と前記第2平行線路との間に前記信号線路が位置し、
前記第3線路の断面積は、前記信号線路、前記第1線路、及び前記第2線路の断面積よりも小さい、
デジタル移相回路。 - 前記第3線路は、前記信号線路、前記第1線路、及び前記第2線路より厚みが小さい、請求項1記載のデジタル移相回路。
- 前記第3線路は、前記第1線路及び前記第2線路よりも内層に形成されている、請求項1または2記載のデジタル移相回路。
- 前記第3線路には、前記第3線路に沿って複数の孔が形成されている、請求項1から請求項3の何れか一項に記載のデジタル移相回路。
- 前記信号線路の第1の端部に接続されたコンデンサと、
前記コンデンサと前記第1接地導体との間に設けられた第3電子スイッチと、
を更に備え、
前記第1接地導体の第1の端部は、前記交差方向において前記信号線路から遠ざかるように延びて前記第3電子スイッチに接続されている、
請求項1から請求項4の何れか一項に記載のデジタル移相回路。 - 前記第1電子スイッチ、前記第2電子スイッチ、及び前記第3電子スイッチは、電界効果トランジスタであり、
前記第1電子スイッチ及び前記第2電子スイッチをなす電界効果トランジスタのサイズは、前記第3電子スイッチをなす電界効果トランジスタのサイズの2倍以上である、
請求項5記載のデジタル移相回路。 - 前記第1平行線路の第2の端部に設けられた第1上側パッドと、
前記第2平行線路の第2の端部に設けられた第2上側パッドと、
を更に備え、
前記第1上側パッドの前記交差方向における寸法の最大値は、前記第1平行線路の幅よりも大きく、
前記第2上側パッドの前記交差方向における寸法の最大値は、前記第2平行線路の幅よりも大きい、
請求項1から請求項6の何れか一項に記載のデジタル移相回路。 - ビアを介して前記第1上側パッドに接続されるとともに、前記第1電子スイッチが接続される第1下側パッドと、
ビアを介して前記第2上側パッドに接続されるとともに、前記第2電子スイッチが接続される第2下側パッドと、
を更に備え、
前記第1下側パッドの前記交差方向における寸法の最大値は、前記第1上側パッドの前記交差方向における寸法の最大値よりも大きく、
前記第2下側パッドの前記交差方向における寸法の最大値は、前記第2上側パッドの前記交差方向における寸法の最大値よりも大きい、
請求項7記載のデジタル移相回路。 - 前記信号線路の第1の端部と前記第1接地導体との間に設けられた第4電子スイッチを更に備える請求項1から請求項8の何れか一項に記載のデジタル移相回路。
- 複数のデジタル移相回路が縦続接続されたデジタル移相器であって、
前記複数のデジタル移相回路の各々は、請求項1から請求項9の何れか一項に記載のデジタル移相回路であり、
前記デジタル移相回路が隣り合う部分において、前記第1接地導体と前記第2接地導体とが共通化されており、
前記第1交差線路及び前記第2交差線路は、クランク形状である、
デジタル移相器。 - 前記複数のデジタル移相回路のうちの少なくとも1つのデジタル移相回路は、他のデジタル移相回路と、前記交差方向における前記第2平行線路の中心線と前記第3平行線路の中心線との間の距離が異なる、請求項10記載のデジタル移相器。
- 複数のデジタル移相回路が縦続接続されたデジタル移相器であって、
前記複数のデジタル移相回路のうちの少なくとも2つのデジタル移相回路である特定デジタル移相回路は、請求項4記載のデジタル移相回路であり、
前記デジタル移相回路が隣り合う部分において、前記第1接地導体と前記第2接地導体とが共通化されており、
前記第1交差線路及び前記第2交差線路は、クランク形状である、
デジタル移相器。 - 前記複数のデジタル移相回路の前記第3線路は、同じ層に形成されている、請求項10記載のデジタル移相器。
- 前記複数のデジタル移相回路のうちの少なくとも1つのデジタル移相回路の前記第3線路は、他のデジタル移相回路の前記第3線路とは異なる層に形成されている、請求項10記載のデジタル移相器。
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| JP7111923B1 (ja) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-08-02 | 株式会社フジクラ | デジタル移相回路及びデジタル移相器 |
| JP7163524B1 (ja) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-10-31 | 株式会社フジクラ | デジタル移相回路及びデジタル移相器 |
| JP7168817B1 (ja) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-09 | 株式会社フジクラ | デジタル移相器 |
| JP2023093907A (ja) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-05 | 日本精機株式会社 | 検出装置 |
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2023
- 2023-06-07 JP JP2023093907A patent/JP7326645B1/ja active Active
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190158068A1 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Rf signal switching, phase shifting and polarization control |
| CN111326839A (zh) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-23 | 电子科技大学 | 一种片上可重构传输线及通信系统 |
| JP2023093907A (ja) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-05 | 日本精機株式会社 | 検出装置 |
| JP7111923B1 (ja) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-08-02 | 株式会社フジクラ | デジタル移相回路及びデジタル移相器 |
| JP7163524B1 (ja) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-10-31 | 株式会社フジクラ | デジタル移相回路及びデジタル移相器 |
| JP7168817B1 (ja) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-09 | 株式会社フジクラ | デジタル移相器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024175857A (ja) | 2024-12-19 |
| EP4726912A1 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
| JP7326645B1 (ja) | 2023-08-15 |
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