Classifications

• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the technical field of, for example, a sheet member having a riblet structure formed on its surface, and a moving body to which the sheet member is attached.
• Patent Document 1 describes an aircraft equipped with a fuselage with a riblet structure formed on its surface. In this case, it is required to effectively utilize the characteristics of the riblet structure.
• a film-like sheet member having a riblet structure formed on its surface having a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface located between the first surface and the second surface, the first surface has a plurality of first convex structures formed as part of the riblet structure, the first convex structures extending in a first direction in which the first to third surfaces are aligned and protruding from the first surface in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the first convex structures being aligned along the first to third surfaces and being aligned in a third direction intersecting the first and second directions, the second surface has a plurality of second convex structures extending in the first direction and protruding from the second surface in the second direction, the second convex structures being aligned in the third direction, the third surface being concave with respect to the first and second surfaces.
• a moving body having the sheet member provided by the first aspect attached to at least a portion of its surface.
• a film-like sheet member having a riblet structure formed on its surface having a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface located between the first surface and the second surface, the first surface having a plurality of first convex structures formed as part of the riblet structure, the first surface having a plurality of first convex structures protruding from the first surface in a second direction intersecting with a first direction in which the first to third surfaces are aligned, the first convex structures being aligned in a third direction intersecting with the first and second directions, the second surface having a plurality of second convex structures protruding from the second surface in the second direction, the second surface having a plurality of second convex structures being aligned in the third direction, the third surface being concave with respect to the first and second surfaces.
• a moving body having the sheet member provided by the third aspect attached to at least a portion of its surface.
• a film-like sheet member having a first direction as its longitudinal direction, the sheet member having a surface on which a riblet structure is formed, and a plurality of recesses formed within the surface and extending in a direction intersecting the first direction, the plurality of recesses including a first recess and a second recess, and the surface between the first recess and the second recess has a plurality of convex structures formed in the direction intersecting the first direction as at least a part of the riblet structure, the convex structures extending in the first direction and protruding relative to the surface.
• FIG. 1(a) is a perspective view showing the appearance of the riblet sheet of this embodiment
• FIG. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the riblet sheet of this embodiment (cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' in FIG. 1(a)).
• FIG. 2(a) is an oblique view showing the riblet structure
• FIG. 2(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the riblet structure (cross-sectional view taken along II-II' in FIG. 2(a))
• FIG. 2(c) is a top view showing the riblet structure.
• FIG. 3(a) is a front view showing an aircraft, which is an example of an object to which a libretto sheet can be affixed
• FIG. 3(a) is a front view showing an aircraft, which is an example of an object to which a libretto sheet can be affixed
• FIG. 3(a) is a front view showing an aircraft, which is an example of
• FIG. 3(b) is a side view showing an aircraft, which is an example of an object to which a libretto sheet can be affixed.
• FIG. 4(a) is a perspective view showing a riblet structure of a comparative example
• FIG. 4(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the riblet structure of the comparative example.
• FIG. 5(a) is a perspective view showing a riblet structure formed in the riblet sheet of this embodiment
• FIG. 5(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the riblet structure formed in the riblet sheet of this embodiment.
• FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view showing a riblet structure formed in the riblet sheet of the first modified example
• FIG. 6(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the riblet structure formed in the riblet sheet of the first modified example.
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a riblet structure formed in a riblet sheet of a second modified example.
• FIG. 8 is a top view illustrating a schematic diagram of a riblet structure formed in a riblet sheet of a third modified example.
• Fig. 1(a) is a perspective view showing the appearance of the riblet sheet 1 of this embodiment
• Fig. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view (II' cross-sectional view of Fig. 1(a)) showing the structure of the riblet sheet 1 of this embodiment.
• the libretto sheet 1 is a film-like (in other words, sheet-like, layered, foil-like, tape-like, or band-like) sheet member.
• the Y-axis direction is the width direction of the libretto sheet 1
• the Z-axis direction is the thickness direction of the libretto sheet 1.
• the libretto sheet 1 is a film-like sheet member in which the thickness of the libretto sheet 1 is much smaller than the width of the libretto sheet 1.
• the width of the libretto sheet 1 may be several centimeters or more, tens of centimeters or more, several tens of centimeters or more, or one meter or more.
• the thickness of the libretto sheet 1 may be one millimeter or less, one centimeter or less, or a few centimeters or less.
• the libretto sheet 1 has a longitudinal shape extending along a length direction intersecting the width direction and thickness direction.
• the libretto sheet 1 has a longitudinal shape whose longitudinal direction is a direction intersecting the width direction and thickness direction.
• the X-axis direction is the length direction (longitudinal direction) of the libretto sheet 1.
• the length of the libretto sheet 1 may be several centimeters or more, several tens of centimeters or more, one meter or more, several tens of meters or more, or several tens of meters or more.
• the riblet sheet 1 does not have to have a longitudinal shape extending along a length direction intersecting the width direction and thickness direction.
• the riblet sheet 1 may have a rectangular shape in a plan view.
• the riblet sheet 1 extending along the length direction may be divided into multiple sheet members each having a rectangular shape along the length direction.
• the libretto sheet 1 may include an adhesive layer 11 and a coating layer 12.
• the adhesive layer 11 is a layer containing an adhesive for attaching the coating layer 12 to an object (e.g., a moving object described later). For this reason, the libretto sheet 1 may be attached to an object via the adhesive layer 11.
• the libretto sheet 1 may not include the adhesive layer 11.
• an operator may apply adhesive between the object and the libretto sheet 1.
• the coating layer 12 is a layer having a predetermined function.
• the coating layer 12 includes a paint layer 121 and a coating layer 122.
• the paint layer 121 is a layer containing paint of a predetermined color.
• the coating layer 122 is a layer that protects the surface of the paint layer 121.
• the coating layer 122 may include a clear layer that is transparent in the visible light range. However, the coating layer 12 may not include at least one of the paint layer 121 and the coating layer 122.
• the coating layer 12 may include a layer different from at least one of the paint layer 121 and the coating layer 122.
• the coating layer 12 may include an anti-reflection layer that prevents light from being reflected on the surface of the coating layer 12.
• the coating layer 12 may include an anti-glare layer that reduces the glossiness of the surface of the coating layer 12.
• the coating layer 122 may function as at least one of the anti-reflection layer and the anti-glare layer.
• a riblet structure RB is formed on the surface of the libretto sheet 1.
• the riblet structure RB formed on the surface of the libretto sheet 1 is omitted in order to simplify the drawings.
• the riblet structure RB formed on the surface of the libretto sheet 1 will be described in detail later with reference to Figs. 2(a) to 2(c).
• the surface of the riblet sheet 1 on which the riblet structure RB is formed will be referred to as the "riblet structure surface 130".
• Figs. 1(a) and 1(b) show an example in which the surface of the coating layer 12 is the riblet structure surface 130.
• Figs. 1(a) and 1(b) show an example in which the riblet structure RB is formed on the surface of the coating layer 12.
• Figures 2(a) to 2(c) An example of the riblet structure RB is shown in Figures 2(a) to 2(c).
• Figure 2(a) is an oblique view showing the riblet structure RB
• Figure 2(b) is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view II-II' of Figure 2(a)) showing the riblet structure RB
• Figure 2(c) is a top view showing the riblet structure RB.
• the riblet structure RB may include a plurality of convex structures 191.
• Each of the plurality of convex structures 191 may extend along a predetermined extension direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a plurality of convex structures 191 extending along a predetermined extension direction.
• Each of the plurality of convex structures 191 may be arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a plurality of convex structures 191 arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a structure in which a plurality of convex structures 191 extending along a predetermined extension direction are arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction that intersects with the predetermined extension direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a structure in which a plurality of convex structures 191 formed to extend along a predetermined extension direction are arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• Each of the extension direction and the arrangement direction may be a direction that intersects with the height direction in which the convex structures 191 protrude, which will be described later.
• the riblet structure RB includes a structure in which a plurality of convex structures 191 extending along the X-axis direction, which is the longitudinal direction (length direction) of the riblet sheet 1, are arranged along the Y-axis direction, which is the width direction of the riblet sheet 1.
• Figures 2(a) to 2(c) show an example in which the specified extension direction is the X-axis direction, and the specified arrangement direction is the Y-axis direction that intersects (typically perpendicular to) the X-axis direction.
• the convex structure 191 is a structure that protrudes from the surroundings along a predetermined height direction.
• the convex structure 191 is a structure that protrudes from the surroundings along a predetermined height direction that intersects both the predetermined extension direction in which the convex structure 191 extends and the predetermined arrangement direction in which the convex structure 191 is arranged.
• the height direction may be the thickness direction of the riblet sheet 1.
• the convex structure 191 is a structure that protrudes from the surroundings along the Z-axis direction, which is the thickness direction of the riblet sheet 1.
• Figures 2(a) to 2(c) show an example in which the predetermined height direction is the Z-axis direction that intersects (typically perpendicular to) the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
• the convex structure 191 may include a protruding structure that protrudes from the surroundings.
• the convex structure 191 may include a convex structure that protrudes from the surroundings.
• the convex structure 191 may include a mountain-shaped structure that protrudes from the surroundings.
• the convex structure 191 has, for example, a pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 facing opposite each other.
• a state in which one surface and the other surface face opposite each other may mean, for example, a state in which one surface faces one side of an axis intersecting the one surface and the other surface, while the other surface faces the other side along the same axis (i.e., the opposite side to the one side).
• the convex structure 191 has a side surface 1911 facing the -Y side and a side surface 1912 facing the +Y side.
• Each of the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 is a flat surface. However, at least one of the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 may include a curved surface.
• the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 may be non-parallel to each other.
• the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 of the convex structure 191 may be connected via one end thereof (the upper end on the +Z side in the example shown in Figures 2 (a) to 2 (c)).
• the portion where the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 of the convex structure 191 are connected constitutes a corner portion 1913 of the convex structure 191.
• the corner portion 1913 of the convex structure 191 may constitute the vertex of the convex structure 191.
• the corner portion 1913 of the convex structure 191 may constitute the ridge line of the convex structure 191.
• the corner portion 1913 of the convex structure 191 may constitute the boundary portion of the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 of the convex structure 191.
• the pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 may be considered to be connected via the corner portion 1913 of the convex structure 191.
• a pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 are connected so that the upper end of side surface 1911 and the upper end of side surface 1912 are in contact with each other.
• the convex structure 191 may be a structure formed by a pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912.
• the convex structure 191 may be a structure including a pair of side surfaces 1911 and 1912 on its surface.
• the shape of a cross section of the convex structure 191 including the Z axis may be a triangular shape.
• the shape of a cross section of the convex structure 191 including the Z axis may be a symmetrical triangular shape, or an asymmetrical triangular shape.
• the shape of a cross section of the convex structure 191 including the Z axis may have any shape other than a triangular shape.
• the side surfaces 1911 and 1912 may be referred to as inclined surfaces 1911 and 1912, respectively.
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include the side surfaces 1911 and 1912.
• the corner portion 1913 (vertex or ridge) of the convex structure 191 is not a corner but a curved surface (convex surface)
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include the corner portion 1913.
• the riblet structure RB may include a structure in which a plurality of groove structures 192 extending along a predetermined extension direction are arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a structure in which groove structures 192 formed to extend along a predetermined extension direction are arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the groove structure 192 may be considered to be a structure recessed with respect to the apex or ridge of the convex structure 191 (for example, the above-mentioned corner portion 1913).
• the groove structure 192 may be considered to be a structure located between the side 1911 of one convex structure 191 and the side 1912 of another convex structure 191 adjacent to the one convex structure 191 along the arrangement direction in which the convex structures 191 are arranged.
• the side 1911 of one convex structure 191 and the side 1912 of the other convex structure 191 adjacent to the one convex structure 191 along the first arrangement direction in which the convex structures 191 are arranged may be connected via a boundary portion 1914 that connects their other ends (the lower ends on the -Z side in the example shown in Figures 2(a) to 2(c)).
• the side surfaces 1911 and 1912 that are provided on each of two adjacent convex structures 191 and that face each other may be connected via a boundary portion 1914 that constitutes the boundary between the two adjacent convex structures 191.
• the boundary portion 1914 includes a surface that intersects with each of the side surfaces 1911 and 1912 to which the boundary portion 1914 is connected.
• the groove structure 192 may be a structure formed by the boundary portion 1914.
• the groove structure 192 may be a structure that includes a groove that the boundary portion 1914 faces.
• the boundary portion 1914 may be considered to be the bottom surface of the groove structure 192.
• each of the side surfaces 1911 and 1912 and the boundary portion 1914 may be used as the boundary between the convex structure 191 and the groove structure 192.
• the groove structure 192 may be referred to as a groove structure or a concave structure.
• groove structure 192 may be considered to be a structure formed by boundary portion 1914 and side surfaces 1911 and 1912 connected by boundary portion 1914.
• Groove structure 192 may be considered to be a structure including a groove facing boundary portion 1914 and side surfaces 1911 and 1912 connected by boundary portion 1914.
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include a boundary portion 1914 (e.g., the bottom surface of the groove structure 192) in addition to or instead of the side surfaces 1911 and 1912.
• the multiple convex structures 191 may be formed so that the multiple convex structures 191 are arranged regularly.
• the multiple convex structures 191 may be formed so that the multiple convex structures 191 are arranged at equal pitch along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the multiple convex structures 191 may be formed so that a structural group including at least two convex structures 191 is arranged at equal pitch along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the multiple convex structures 191 may be formed so that at least two convex structures 191 are arranged regularly according to a first rule in a first portion of the surface of the libretto sheet 1, and at least two convex structures 191 are arranged regularly according to the same first rule in a second portion of the surface of the libretto sheet 1.
• the multiple convex structures 191 may be formed so that at least two convex structures 191 are arranged regularly according to a first rule in a first portion of the surface of the libretto sheet 1, while at least two convex structures 191 are arranged regularly according to a second rule different from the first rule in a second portion of the surface of the libretto sheet 1. Furthermore, because the convex structures 191 and the groove structures 192 are formed alternately, a state in which multiple convex structures 191 are regularly arranged may be considered equivalent to a state in which multiple groove structures 192 are regularly arranged.
• the height H_rb of at least one of the multiple convex structures 191 may be set to a height determined according to the pitch P_rb of the convex structures 191.
• the height H_rb of at least one of the multiple convex structures 191 may be equal to or less than the pitch P_rb of the convex structures 191.
• the height H_rb of at least one of the multiple convex structures 191 may be equal to or less than half the pitch P_rb of the convex structures 191.
• the height H_rb of at least one of the multiple convex structures 191 may be within a range of 1/2 ⁇ 10% of the pitch P_rb of the convex structures 191.
• the height H_rb may be the height from the bottom surface of the groove structure 192 (i.e., the boundary portion 1914). Furthermore, the height H_rb may be referred to as the depth from the apex or ridge line (i.e., the corner portion 1913) of the convex structures 191.
• the riblet structure RB may be used as a structure capable of reducing the resistance to fluid (particularly, at least one of frictional resistance and turbulent frictional resistance) of the surface of the riblet sheet 1 (typically, the riblet structure surface 130).
• the riblet structure surface 130 on which the riblet structure RB is formed may be considered to be a surface capable of reducing the resistance to fluid of the surface of the riblet sheet 1 (typically, the riblet structure surface 130).
• the riblet sheet 1 on which the riblet structure RB is formed may be attached to an object via an adhesive layer 11.
• the riblet structure RB may be used as a structure capable of reducing the resistance (particularly, at least one of frictional resistance and turbulent frictional resistance) of the surface of the object to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached to the fluid.
• the riblet sheet 1 may be attached to an object having a component that is installed (in other words, located) in the fluid.
• the "fluid” here means a medium (e.g., at least one of gas and liquid) that flows relative to the surface of the object.
• this medium may be called a fluid.
• the state in which the medium is stationary may mean a state in which the medium is not moving relative to a predetermined reference object (e.g., the ground surface).
• An example of an object to which the riblet sheet 1 can be attached is a moving body.
• an example of an object to which the riblet sheet 1 can be attached is a moving body that can move through a fluid.
• moving bodies include at least one of a railway vehicle, an automobile, an aircraft, a ship, a windmill, and a turbine.
• Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show an aircraft PL with a riblet sheet 1 attached to at least a portion of its surface.
• the riblet sheet 1 may be attached to at least a portion of the fuselage PL1 of the aircraft PL.
• the riblet sheet 1 may be attached to at least a portion of the main wing PL2 of the aircraft PL.
• the riblet sheet 1 may be attached to at least a portion of the vertical stabilizer PL3 of the aircraft PL.
• the riblet sheet 1 may be attached to at least a portion of the horizontal stabilizer PL4 of the aircraft PL.
• a riblet sheet 1 When such a riblet sheet 1 is attached to at least a portion of the surface of a moving body (or any object, the same applies below), the moving body becomes more likely to move relative to the fluid. This reduces the resistance that impedes the movement of the moving body relative to the fluid, leading to energy savings. In other words, it becomes possible to manufacture an environmentally friendly moving body.
• the riblet sheet 1 when the riblet sheet 1 is attached to at least a portion of the surface of an aircraft, the resistance that impedes the movement of the aircraft is reduced, leading to fuel savings for the aircraft.
• the riblet sheet 1 when the riblet sheet 1 is attached to at least a portion of the surface of a wind turbine, the resistance that impedes the movement (typically, rotation) of the wind turbine is reduced, leading to higher efficiency of the wind turbine.
• the riblet sheet 1 when the riblet sheet 1 is attached to at least a portion of the surface of an engine turbine (particularly, a turbine blade), the resistance that impedes the movement (typically, rotation) of the engine turbine is reduced, leading to higher efficiency or energy savings for the engine turbine.
• the riblet sheet 1 when the riblet sheet 1 is attached to at least a portion of the surface of a power generation turbine (particularly, a turbine blade), the resistance that impedes the movement (typically, rotation) of the power generation turbine is reduced, leading to higher efficiency of the power generation turbine (i.e., improved power generation efficiency).
• the riblet sheet 1 may be able to contribute to "13.2.2 Reduce total greenhouse gas emissions per year" in Goal 13 of the United Nations-led Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.”
• a riblet structure RB may be formed on the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1, in which each convex structure 191 extending along a predetermined extension direction (X-axis direction) is separated along the predetermined extension direction (X-axis direction) by a barrier portion 199 that protrudes from the periphery and extends along the width direction of the riblet sheet 1.
• a riblet structure RB may be formed on the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1, in which each convex structure 191 extending along a predetermined extension direction (X-axis direction) is separated along the predetermined extension direction (X-axis direction) by a barrier portion 199 that is higher than the periphery.
• each groove structure 192 extending along a predetermined extension direction (X-axis direction) is separated in the predetermined extension direction (X-axis direction) by a barrier portion 199 that protrudes from the surroundings (i.e., is higher than the surroundings).
• the barrier portion 199 may act on the fluid as an obstacle that blocks the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191.
• the barrier portion 199 may act on the fluid as an obstacle that blocks the flow of the fluid flowing along the groove structure 192 within the groove structure 192.
• the resistance to the fluid of the surface of the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached may be higher than when the barrier portion 199 is not present. In other words, the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB may be deteriorated.
• the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached may not be able to fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB (i.e., the effect of reducing the resistance to the fluid of the surface of the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached).
• the higher the barrier portion 199 that separates the convex structure 191 and the groove structure 192 the more likely it is that the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached will not be able to fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect.
• the height of the barrier portion 199 is higher than the height of the apex or ridge of the convex structure 191, the more likely it is that the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached will not be able to fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect.
• a riblet structure RB is formed on the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1 so that a barrier portion 199 that separates the convex structures 191 and the groove structures 192 is not formed.
• a riblet structure RB in which the convex structures 191 and the groove structures 192 are not separated by the barrier portion 199 is formed on the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1.
• a riblet structure RB that does not include a barrier portion 199 that separates the convex structures 191 and the groove structures 192 is formed on the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1.
• the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached can fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB.
• the barrier portion 199 is unlikely to generate turbulence, the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB is unlikely to deteriorate due to the turbulence.
• the riblet structure surface 130 on which the riblet structure RB that prevents deterioration of the drag reduction effect is formed may include a first surface 131, a second surface 132, and a third surface 133 aligned along the extension direction (X-axis direction) of the riblet structure RB, as shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b).
• a portion of the riblet sheet 1 including the first surface 131 is referred to as the first sheet portion (in other words, the first portion or first region) 141
• a portion of the riblet sheet 1 including the second surface 132 is referred to as the second sheet portion (in other words, the second portion or second region) 142
• a portion of the riblet sheet 1 including the third surface 133 is referred to as the third sheet portion (in other words, the third portion or third region) 143.
• the first surface 131, the second surface 132, and the third surface 133 themselves may be referred to as the first portion (first region), the second portion (second region), and the third portion (third region), respectively.
• a part of the riblet structure RB may be formed on the first surface 131.
• a part of the riblet structure RB may be formed on the first sheet portion 141.
• the first surface 131 may be formed with a convex structure 191 protruding from the first surface 131 along a predetermined height direction (Z-axis direction).
• the first surface 131 may be formed with a first group of convex structures 191 including a plurality of convex structures 191 extending continuously or intermittently along a predetermined extension direction and arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the first surface 131 may be formed with a first group of groove structures 192 including a plurality of groove structures 192 extending continuously or intermittently along a predetermined extension direction and arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the second surface 132 may have another part of the riblet structure RB formed thereon.
• the second sheet portion 142 may have another part of the riblet structure RB formed thereon.
• the second surface 132 may have a convex structure 191 formed thereon that protrudes from the second surface 132 along a predetermined height direction (Z-axis direction).
• the second surface 132 may have a second group of convex structures 191 formed thereon that extend continuously or intermittently along a predetermined extension direction and include a plurality of convex structures 191 arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the second surface 132 may have a second group of groove structures 192 formed thereon that extend continuously or intermittently along a predetermined extension direction and include a plurality of groove structures 192 arranged along a predetermined arrangement direction.
• the same riblet structure RB may be formed on the first surface 131 and the second surface 132.
• the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 may have the same riblet structure RB.
• the state in which "the same riblet structure RB is formed on the first surface 131 and the second surface 132" may include a state in which "the characteristics of the riblet structure RB formed on the first surface 131 and the characteristics of the riblet structure RB formed on the second surface 132 are the same.”
• the characteristics of the riblet structure RB may include at least one of the pitch P_rb of the convex structures 191 constituting the riblet structure RB, the height H_rb of the convex structures 191 constituting the riblet structure RB, the extension direction of the convex structures 191 constituting the riblet structure RB, and the arrangement direction of the convex structures 191 constituting the riblet structure RB.
• different riblet structures RB may be formed on the first surface 131 and the second surface 132.
• the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 may have different riblet structures RB.
• the state in which "different riblet structures RB are formed on the first surface 131 and the second surface 132" may also include a state in which "the characteristics of the riblet structure RB formed on the first surface 131 and the characteristics of the riblet structure RB formed on the second surface 132 are different.”
• the third surface 133 is located between the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 along the extension direction of the riblet structure RB (i.e., the length direction of the riblet sheet 1).
• the third sheet portion 143 is located between the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 along the extension direction of the riblet structure RB.
• the third surface 133 may not have a riblet structure RB formed thereon.
• the third sheet portion 143 may not have a riblet structure RB formed thereon.
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) may not have the convex structures 191 and groove structures 192 constituting the riblet structure RB formed thereon.
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) may not have the convex structures 191 and groove structures 192 constituting the riblet structure RB.
• the third surface 133 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed may be considered to be concave with respect to the first surface 131 and second surface 132 on which the riblet structure RB is formed.
• the third sheet portion 143 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed may be considered to be concave with respect to the first sheet portion 141 and second sheet portion 142 on which the riblet structure RB is formed.
• the third surface 133 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed may be considered to be concave with respect to the riblet structure RB (particularly, the convex structure 191) formed on the first surface 131 and the second surface 132.
• the third sheet portion 143 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed may be considered to be concave with respect to the riblet structure RB (particularly, the convex structure 191) formed on the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142.
• each of the third surface 133 and the third sheet portion 143 may be called a recess because it is concave with respect to the riblet structure RB (particularly, the convex structure 191).
• the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 on which the riblet structure RB is formed may be considered to be convex with respect to the third surface 133 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed.
• the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 in which the riblet structure RB is formed may be considered to be convex with respect to the third sheet portion 143 in which the riblet structure RB is not formed.
• the riblet structure RB (particularly, the convex structure 191) formed on the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 may be considered to be convex with respect to the third surface 133 in which the riblet structure RB is not formed.
• the riblet structure RB (particularly, the convex structure 191) formed on the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 may be considered to be convex with respect to the third sheet portion 143 in which the riblet structure RB is not formed.
• the third surface 133 is concave with respect to the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 (specifically, concave with respect to the convex structure 191), the third surface 133 is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle blocking the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191, compared to when the third surface 133 is convex with respect to the first surface 131 and the second surface 132.
• the third sheet portion 143 when the third sheet portion 143 is concave with respect to the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 (specifically, concave with respect to the convex structure 191), the third sheet portion 143 is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle blocking the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191, compared to when the third sheet portion 143 is convex with respect to the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142.
• the third surface 133 third sheet portion 143) is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle blocking the flow of the fluid flowing along the groove structure 192 in the groove structure 192.
• the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191 is less likely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the flow of the fluid flowing along the groove structure 192 in the groove structure 192 is less likely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the resistance of the surface of the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached to the fluid is less likely to increase.
• the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB is less likely to deteriorate.
• the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached can fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB.
• the thickness of the third sheet portion 143 (i.e., the size in the Z-axis direction) is thinner than the thickness of each of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 (including the thickness of the convex structure 191).
• the rigidity of the third sheet portion 143 is lower than the rigidity of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142.
• the rigidity of the riblet sheet 1 may be set so that the rigidity of the third sheet portion 143 is lower than the rigidity of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142.
• the third sheet portion 143 which has a relatively low rigidity, is easily bent, so that the effect of the shape of the riblet sheet 1 being easily shaped to match the shape of the surface of the moving body, which is a curved surface, may be enjoyed.
• the riblet sheet 1 when the riblet sheet 1 is pressed and attached to the surface of a moving body (for example, at least one surface of an airplane casing, a wing, a windmill, a train, an automobile, etc.), the riblet sheet 1 may be attached to the moving body by pressing the third sheet portion 143 with a strong force so that sufficient adhesive strength is obtained between the riblet sheet 1 and the surface of the moving body.
• the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 on which the riblet structure RB is formed do not need to be pressed with a strong force.
• the force applied to at least a portion of the third sheet portion 143 to attach the riblet sheet 1 to the moving body may be greater than the force applied to at least a portion of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 to attach the riblet sheet 1 to the moving body.
• deformation or damage of the riblet structure RB formed in the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 can be prevented.
• any dirt that has entered the groove structure 192 included in the libretto structure RB may be swept away so that it is guided (in other words, collected) to the third sheet portion 143.
• the cleaning of the libretto sheet 1 is completed by wiping away the dirt that has collected in this third sheet portion 143.
• the height of the third surface 133 which may be called a recess, may be the same as the height of each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 (specifically, the height of the boundary portion 1914 that forms the groove structure 192 and is included in each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132).
• the position of the third surface 133 is located at the same position as each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 (particularly, the position of the boundary portion 1914) along the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the convex structure 191.
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle that blocks the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191.
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle blocking the flow of the fluid flowing along the groove structure 192 in the groove structure 192.
• the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191 is less likely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the flow of the fluid flowing along the groove structure 192 in the groove structure 192 is less likely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the resistance of the surface of the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached to the fluid is less likely to increase.
• the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB is less likely to deteriorate.
• the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached can fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB.
• the width of the third sheet portion 143 (i.e., the size in the Y-axis direction) may be the same as the width of the riblet sheet 1.
• the width of the third sheet portion 143 is equivalent to the width of the third surface 133.
• the third surface 133 may be considered to be divided by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) between the multiple convex structures 191 formed on the first surface 131 and the multiple convex structures 191 formed on the second surface 132.
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) is unlikely to act on the fluid as an obstacle that blocks the flow of the fluid.
• the flow of the fluid is unlikely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the surface of the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached is unlikely to have high resistance to fluid at any position along the width direction of the riblet sheet 1.
• the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB is unlikely to deteriorate at any position along the width direction of the riblet sheet 1.
• the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached can fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB.
• the third surface 133 may be considered to extend along the width direction of the riblet sheet 1 (i.e., the size in the Y-axis direction).
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) may be considered to extend along the arrangement direction of the convex structures 191 (i.e., the size in the Y-axis direction).
• the multiple convex structures 191 formed on the first surface 131 and the multiple convex structures 191 formed on the second surface 132 may be considered to be separated by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• a moving body to which the riblet sheet 1 is attached can fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB.
• the boundary between the third surface 133 and the first surface 131, and the boundary between the third surface 133 and the second surface 132 are angular, but the boundary may be rounded.
• the riblet sheet 1 may be manufactured using a processing device capable of performing removal processing.
• the processing device may perform removal processing to remove a portion of the riblet sheet 1 (e.g., a portion of the coating layer 12) by irradiating processing light onto the riblet sheet 1 on which the riblet structure RB has not yet been formed.
• the processing device may perform removal processing to remove a portion of the riblet sheet 1 (typically, a portion of the coating layer 12) so that the riblet structure RB is formed on the surface of the riblet sheet 1.
• the libretto sheet 1 may be manufactured using other manufacturing methods.
• the height of the third surface 133 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed is the same as the height of each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 on which the riblet structure RB is formed (specifically, the height of the boundary portion 1914 which forms the groove structure 192 and is included in each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132).
• the position of the third surface 133 is located at the same position as the position of each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 along the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the convex structure 191 (specifically, the position of the boundary portion 1914).
• the height of the third surface 133 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed may be lower than the respective heights of the first surface 131 and second surface 132 on which the riblet structure RB is formed (specifically, the height of the boundary portion 1914).
• the position of the third surface 133 may be located on the -Z side (i.e., the opposite side to the +Z side in which the convex structure 191 protrudes) of the respective positions of the first surface 131 and second surface 132 along the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the convex structure 191 (specifically, the position of the boundary portion 1914).
• the third surface 133 is concave with respect to the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 (specifically, with respect to the boundary portion 1914). That is, the third sheet portion 143 is concave with respect to the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 (specifically, with respect to the boundary portion 1914).
• each of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 may be considered to be the bottom surface of the groove structure 192.
• the third surface 133 may be considered to be concave with respect to the bottom surface of the groove structure 192 formed on the first surface 131 and the bottom surface of the groove structure 192 formed on the second surface 132.
• the height of the third surface 133 is lower than the height of the adhesive layer 11, the adhesive layer 11 will be exposed from the coating layer 12. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the height of the third surface 133 may be higher than the height of the adhesive layer 11. As a result, the adhesive layer 11 will not be exposed from the coating layer 12. Furthermore, if the riblet sheet 1 does not have an adhesive layer 11, the riblet sheet 1 will not tear.
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle blocking the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191, compared to when the height of the third surface 133 is higher than the heights of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 (specifically, the height of the boundary portion 1914).
• the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143) is less likely to act on the fluid as an obstacle blocking the flow of the fluid flowing along the groove structure 192 within the groove structure 192.
• the flow of the fluid flowing along the convex structure 191 between two adjacent convex structures 191 is less likely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the flow of fluid flowing within and along the groove structure 192 is unlikely to be blocked by the third surface 133 (third sheet portion 143).
• the surface of the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1a is attached is unlikely to have high resistance to the fluid.
• the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB is unlikely to deteriorate.
• the moving body to which the riblet sheet 1a is attached can fully enjoy the resistance reduction effect of the riblet structure RB.
• the thickness of the third sheet portion 143 (i.e., the size in the Z-axis direction) is thinner than the thickness of each of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 (including the thickness of the convex structure 191).
• the rigidity of the third sheet portion 143 is lower than the rigidity of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142.
• the rigidity of the riblet sheet 1a may be set so that the rigidity of the third sheet portion 143 is lower than the rigidity of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142.
• the third sheet portion 143 which has a relatively low rigidity, is easily bent, so that the shape of the riblet sheet 1a may be easily formed to match the shape of the surface of the moving body, which is a curved surface.
• the riblet sheet 1a when the riblet sheet 1a is pressed and attached to the surface of a moving body (for example, at least one surface of an airplane casing, a wing, a windmill, a train, an automobile, etc.), the riblet sheet 1a may be attached to the moving body by pressing the third sheet portion 143 with a strong force so that sufficient adhesive strength is obtained between the riblet sheet 1a and the surface of the moving body.
• the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 on which the riblet structure RB is formed do not need to be pressed with a strong force.
• the force applied to at least a portion of the third sheet portion 143 to attach the riblet sheet 1a to the moving body may be greater than the force applied to at least a portion of the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 to attach the riblet sheet 1a to the moving body.
• deformation or damage to the riblet structure RB formed in the first sheet portion 141 and the second sheet portion 142 can be prevented.
• any dirt that has entered the groove structure 192 included in the libretto structure RB may be swept away so that it is guided (in other words, collected) to the third sheet portion 143.
• the cleaning of the libretto sheet 1a is completed by wiping away the dirt that has collected in this third sheet portion 143.
• the riblet sheet 1a of the first modified example shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b) may also be manufactured using a processing device.
• the riblet sheet 1a of the first modified example shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b) may also be manufactured by a manufacturing method other than the manufacturing method using a processing device.
• the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1 includes two surfaces (specifically, a first surface 131 and a second surface 132) on which the same riblet structure RB (or, in some cases, different riblet structures RB; hereinafter the same in the second modification) is formed.
• the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1b of the second modification may include three or more surfaces on which the same riblet structure RB is formed.
• the riblet structure surface 130 of the riblet sheet 1b of the second modified example may include a fourth surface 134 and a fifth surface 135 in addition to the first surface 131, second surface 132, and third surface 133 described above.
• the fourth surface 134 may have a portion of the riblet structure RB formed thereon, similar to the first surface 131 and the second surface 132.
• the characteristics of the fourth surface 134 may be the same as the characteristics of the first surface 131 and the second surface 132, respectively. For this reason, a detailed description of the fourth surface 134 will be omitted.
• a portion of the riblet sheet 1b including the fourth surface 134 may be referred to as a fourth sheet portion (in other words, a fourth portion or a fourth region) 144.
• the fifth surface 135 is located between the second surface 132 and the fourth surface 134 along the extension direction of the riblet structure RB.
• the fifth surface 135 may not have a riblet structure RB formed thereon, as with the third surface 133.
• the characteristics of the fifth surface 135 may be the same as those of the third surface 133.
• the relationship between the fifth surface 135 and the second surface 132 and the fourth surface 134 between which the fifth surface 135 is located may be the same as the relationship between the third surface 133 and the first surface 131 and the second surface 132 between which the third surface 133 is located. For this reason, a detailed description of the fifth surface 135 will be omitted.
• a portion of the riblet sheet 1b including the fifth surface 135 may be referred to as a fifth sheet portion (in other words, a fifth portion or a fifth region) 145.
• each of the first surface 131, the second surface 132, and the fourth surface 134 on which the riblet structure RB is formed may be referred to as a riblet surface 136.
• Each of the third surface 133 and the fifth surface 135 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed may be referred to as a non-riblet surface 137.
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include a surface on which the riblet surface 136 on which the riblet structure RB is formed and the non-riblet surface 137 on which the riblet structure RB is not formed are alternately arranged along the extension direction (X-axis direction) of the riblet structure RB.
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include a surface on which the riblet surfaces 136 on which the riblet structure RB is formed are periodically arranged.
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include a riblet surface 136 arranged between two non-riblet surfaces 137 aligned along the extension direction of the riblet structure RB.
• the riblet structure surface 130 may be considered to include a non-riblet surface 137 disposed between two riblet surfaces 136 aligned along the extension direction of the riblet structure RB.
• the riblet sheet 1b of the second modified example shown in FIG. 7 may also be manufactured using a processing device.
• the riblet sheet 1b of the second modified example shown in FIG. 7 may also be manufactured by a manufacturing method other than the manufacturing method using a processing device.
• the convex structures 191 constituting the riblet structure RB extend linearly along the extension direction.
• the groove structures 192 constituting the riblet structure RB extend linearly along the extension direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a convex structure 191 that extends in a curved shape.
• the riblet structure RB may include a groove structure 192 that extends in a curved shape.
• the riblet structure RB may include a convex structure 191 that extends along a curved locus (e.g., a sinusoidal locus) that vibrates at a predetermined frequency around an axis extending along the extension direction.
• the riblet structure RB may include a groove structure 192 that extends along a curved locus (e.g., a sinusoidal locus) that vibrates at a predetermined frequency around an axis extending along the extension direction.
• a film-like sheet member having a riblet structure having a plurality of groove structures The plurality of groove structures include a first group of groove structures in which a first groove structure extending in a first direction along a surface of the sheet member is formed in a plurality of directions in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a second group of groove structures in which a plurality of second groove structures extending in a third direction along the surface of the sheet member are formed in a fourth direction intersecting the third direction, A sheet member, wherein a region between a region in which the first group of groove structures is formed and a region in which the second group of groove structures is formed in at least one of the first direction and the third direction is concave with respect to bottom surfaces of the first and second groove structures.
• the first direction and the third direction are the same direction

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• 2023
  • 2023-06-01 WO PCT/JP2023/020466 patent/WO2024247218A1/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2023-06-01 JP JP2025523163A patent/JPWO2024247218A1/ja active Pending

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