WO2024222091A1 - 析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品 - Google Patents

析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品 Download PDF

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WO2024222091A1
WO2024222091A1 PCT/CN2024/073970 CN2024073970W WO2024222091A1 WO 2024222091 A1 WO2024222091 A1 WO 2024222091A1 CN 2024073970 W CN2024073970 W CN 2024073970W WO 2024222091 A1 WO2024222091 A1 WO 2024222091A1
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anode potential
target
charge
charging
target battery
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French (fr)
Inventor
李茂华
沈晓茹
耿慧慧
李伟
苏育专
吴凯
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product for determining a lithium precipitation window.
  • Lithium deposition is a loss condition of lithium-ion batteries. After lithium deposition, the life of lithium-ion batteries will be accelerated, and continued use will also have safety risks. Therefore, it is particularly important to obtain the lithium deposition window of lithium-ion batteries.
  • imaging methods such as a three-electrode method, an optical method, and a scanning electron microscope are usually used to determine the lithium deposition window of a battery.
  • the accuracy of the lithium deposition window of the battery currently obtained is relatively low.
  • the present application provides a lithium precipitation window determination method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product, which can improve the accuracy of the obtained battery's lithium precipitation window.
  • the present application provides a method for determining a lithium precipitation window, the method comprising:
  • the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery;
  • the target lithium plating window of the target battery is determined based on the charging data at multiple charging rates.
  • the target lithium deposition window of the target battery is determined according to the charging data at the multiple charging rates by acquiring the charging data of the target battery at the multiple charging rates, wherein the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery.
  • the lithium deposition window determination method provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to measure the overpotential corresponding to when lithium deposition occurs in the battery, but only needs to acquire the corresponding relationship between the state of charge and the anode potential at multiple charging rates, and determine the target lithium deposition window according to the charging data of this corresponding relationship, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined target lithium deposition window.
  • determining a target lithium precipitation window of a target battery according to charging data at multiple charging rates includes:
  • the anode potential difference of the target battery at every two charging rates is obtained
  • the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the target battery under each two charging rates is obtained according to the charging data under multiple charging rates.
  • the target lithium deposition window of the target battery is determined according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference. Since the charging rate corresponding to the target lithium deposition window can reflect the charging capacity of the target battery, the target lithium deposition window of the target battery at each charging rate can be determined according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined charging capacity of the target battery at different charging rates, and the target lithium deposition window can provide a basis for battery design optimization and charging strategy formulation.
  • determining a target lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference includes:
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined
  • a target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined.
  • the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates is determined, according to the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates, the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to each charging rate is determined, and according to each initial lithium precipitation window, the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined.
  • the target lithium precipitation window determined according to the anode potential change curve can obtain the maximum charge rate of the target battery at different charge states, thereby improving the accuracy of the charging capacity of the battery obtained at different charge states.
  • determining the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate includes:
  • a target position is determined on the corresponding anode potential variation curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • the change trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve is determined, and according to the change trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve, the target position is determined on the corresponding anode potential change curve, so as to determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate according to the target position.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window is determined according to the target position, which avoids determining according to the anode potential difference of all anode potential change curves, simplifies the process of determining the initial lithium precipitation window, and improves the efficiency of determining the initial lithium precipitation window.
  • determining the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate according to the target position includes:
  • each target line segment is obtained by fitting
  • the first anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on a target line segment
  • the second anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on an anode potential change curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve is determined.
  • the method by determining the target curve on the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target position, fitting each target line segment according to the anode potential difference and charge state corresponding to each target curve, and then obtaining the difference between the anode potential difference on the target line segment corresponding to multiple first charge states and the anode potential difference on the anode potential change curve, and determining the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve according to the difference value corresponding to each first charge state. Since the initial lithium precipitation window can be determined by the difference value, the method is relatively simple to implement and can improve the efficiency of obtaining the initial lithium precipitation window.
  • determining the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve according to the difference values corresponding to each first state of charge includes:
  • the minimum state of charge among the multiple consecutive first states of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate.
  • the minimum state of charge among the multiple consecutive first states of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window is determined by the relationship between the difference values corresponding to multiple consecutive first states of charge and the preset difference value, thereby avoiding the inaccuracy caused by determining the initial lithium precipitation window by a single anode potential difference, and improving the accuracy of determining the initial lithium precipitation window.
  • determining the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate includes:
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • each differential curve is obtained by differentiating the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates, and the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined according to each differential curve.
  • the variation law of the anode potential change curve can be obtained more accurately by differentiation, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined initial lithium precipitation window.
  • every two charging rates include a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and a ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • each of the two charging rates includes a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and the ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the present application also provides a lithium precipitation window determination device, the device comprising:
  • An acquisition module is used to acquire charging data of a target battery at multiple charging rates; the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery;
  • the determination module is used to determine the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the charging data under multiple charging rates.
  • the present application further provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements any step of the above-mentioned first aspect when executing the computer program.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the above-mentioned first aspect is implemented.
  • the present application further provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, which implements any step of the above-mentioned first aspect when executed by a processor.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a method for determining a lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of another method for determining a lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 is an application environment diagram of a lithium precipitation window determination method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an anode potential curve provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a target lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic flow chart of another method for determining a target lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an anode potential change curve provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a target lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining an initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to a target battery at each charging rate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another process for determining the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another anode potential change curve provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining an initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to a target battery at each charging rate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG14 is a structural block diagram of a device for determining a lithium deposition window provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Lithium deposition is a loss condition of lithium-ion batteries. After lithium deposition, the life of lithium-ion batteries will be accelerated, and continued use will also have safety risks. Therefore, it is particularly important to obtain the lithium deposition window of lithium-ion batteries.
  • the three-electrode method, optical method, scanning electron microscope and other imaging methods are usually used to determine the lithium deposition window of the battery, based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, DC impedance impedance, high-precision coulomb efficiency test, battery expansion force or thickness test, ultrasonic imaging, charging voltage relaxation (such as voltage/time (dV/dt)), thermal analysis, neutron imaging and other methods. Since the above methods involve polarization during the charging process, polarization causes overpotential for lithium deposition. However, there is currently no method that can accurately measure the overpotential, resulting in low accuracy of the obtained battery lithium deposition window.
  • the three-electrode method usually based on the thermodynamic lithium deposition potential (if a lithium three-electrode is used, the potential is 0 millivolts (mV))
  • thermodynamic lithium deposition potential if a lithium three-electrode is used, the potential is 0 millivolts (mV)
  • mV millivolts
  • thermodynamic lithium deposition potential that is, the overpotential is considered to be 0
  • the overpotential is used to determine the lithium deposition window of the battery, but the result of the lithium deposition window is low. Since polarization increases at low temperatures, the overpotential is large, and the result of the lithium deposition window is even lower.
  • the target lithium precipitation window is determined based on the correspondence between the anode potential and the state of charge at multiple charging rates.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the principle of the lithium precipitation window determination method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • E I*R 1 -(RT/nF)*ln(C 1 /C 2 )+E ⁇ LiCx/Li , where I is the charging current, C1 is the lithium ion concentration near the three electrodes, C2 is the lithium ion concentration on the negative electrode surface, E ⁇ LiCx/Li is the standard electrode potential of lithium-carbon compounds, R is the ideal gas constant, R is equal to 8.31441 joules per mole Kelvin (J/(K*mol)), T is the battery temperature, n is the number of electron transfers in the electrode reaction, and F is the Faraday constant, F is equal to 96.487 kilojoules per mole of equilibrium voltage (kJ/(V*mol)). It can be seen from actual measurements that the change in impedance R1 with the change in the state of charge is relatively small, and R1 can be approximately considered to be a constant.
  • the anode potential curve 101 and the anode potential curve 102 are reflected as "vertical translation", and the ⁇ E obtained according to the anode potential curve 101 and the anode potential curve 102 is a constant, and ⁇ E does not change under any state of charge (SOC).
  • the charging current includes the graphite lithium insertion current and the lithium deposition current. Since the constant current charging current remains unchanged, the graphite lithium insertion current decreases, and the anode potential deviates from the "translation curve", resulting in a decrease in ⁇ E.
  • it includes an anode potential curve 103 and an anode potential curve 104.
  • the anode potential curve 103 is the anode potential curve when no lithium deposition occurs, that is, the "translation curve”
  • the anode potential curve 104 is the actual anode potential curve of the battery after lithium deposition occurs.
  • the deposition can be determined based on the corresponding state of charge when ⁇ E decreases. Lithium window.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another lithium deposition window determination method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the anode potential difference curve 201 is the anode potential difference curve of the anode potential curve 104 and the anode potential curve 101 under ideal conditions, and the anode potential difference curve 202 is the anode potential difference curve of the anode potential curve 104 and the anode potential curve 101 under actual conditions.
  • the lithium deposition window can be determined according to the correspondence between the state of charge and the anode potential under multiple charging rates, without measuring the overpotential corresponding to when lithium deposition occurs in the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined target lithium deposition window.
  • FIG. 3 is an application environment diagram of a method for determining a lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the application environment includes a computer device, which can be a server, and its internal structure diagram can be shown in Figure 3.
  • the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities.
  • the memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory.
  • the non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database.
  • the internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium.
  • the database of the computer device is used to store relevant data of the battery lithium precipitation window.
  • the network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for determining a lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method is applied to a computer device as shown in FIG. 3 , and the method may include the following steps:
  • S401 acquiring charging data of a target battery at a plurality of charging rates; the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery.
  • a target battery with three built-in electrodes is used to perform charging tests at different charging rates to obtain the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge during the charging process.
  • the target battery can be batteries of different models.
  • the charging rate can be 0.5C, 1.2C, etc.
  • the interval between two charging rates can be the same or different.
  • the preset charging rate can be determined with an interval of 0.5C, or the interval between the first preset charging rate and the second preset charging rate can be 0.5C, and the interval between the second preset charging rate and the third preset charging rate can be 0.8C.
  • charging data of a target battery at multiple charging rates is obtained.
  • the charging data may be a corresponding relationship between the state of charge and the anode potential in the form of a curve, or a corresponding relationship in the form of a list.
  • FIG6 is an anode potential curve diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the anode potential curve diagram uses a corresponding relationship in the form of a curve to represent the corresponding relationship between the state of charge and the anode potential. Was displayed.
  • the correspondence between the state of charge of the target battery during the charging process and the anode potential can be obtained in real time, that is, during the process of charging the target battery, the correspondence between the state of charge of the target battery during the charging process and the anode potential is obtained. It can also be a one-time acquisition of the correspondence between the state of charge of the target battery during the charging process and the anode potential, that is, the correspondence between the state of charge of the target battery during the charging process and the anode potential has been pre-stored, and after the computer device obtains the operation instruction triggered by the user, it obtains the correspondence between the state of charge of the target battery during the charging process and the anode potential according to the operation instruction.
  • S402 Determine a target lithium deposition window of a target battery according to charging data at multiple charging rates.
  • the number of charging rates can be greater than a preset threshold value to obtain more charging data, so as to determine the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery based on more charging data.
  • the minimum charging rate is set to 1C
  • the maximum charging rate is set to 3.5C
  • the interval between two adjacent charging rates is set to 0.05C, so as to obtain charging data at 51 charging rates.
  • the charging data at any two charging rates can be used as a group of charging data, and the lithium precipitation starting SOC corresponding to each group of charging data can be determined, that is, the lithium precipitation starting SOC at 50 charging rates is obtained, and the lithium precipitation starting SOC at the 50 charging rates is used as the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery. It should be noted that this embodiment is only an exemplary introduction, and the number of charging rates can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the lithium deposition window determination method provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains charging data of the target battery at multiple charging rates, and determines the target lithium deposition window of the target battery according to the charging data at the multiple charging rates, wherein the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery.
  • the lithium deposition window determination method provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to measure the overpotential corresponding to when lithium deposition occurs in the battery, but only needs to obtain the corresponding relationship between the state of charge and the anode potential at multiple charging rates, and determine the target lithium deposition window according to the charging data of this corresponding relationship, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined target lithium deposition window.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for determining a target lithium precipitation window provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application relates to a possible implementation method of determining a target lithium precipitation window of a target battery according to charging data at multiple charging rates.
  • the above S302 may include the following steps:
  • every two charging rates may be any two charging rates, or may be two adjacent charging rates.
  • the anode potentials corresponding to the same state of charge at each two charging rates are subtracted to obtain the anode potential difference.
  • the anode potential at the lower rate of each two charging rates can be subtracted from the anode potential at the higher rate to obtain the anode potential difference of the target battery at the same state of charge.
  • the state of charge corresponding to when the anode potential difference begins to decrease is determined based on the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • each of the two charging rates corresponding to the obtained anode potential difference is taken as a group of charging rates, and the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the larger charging rate of the target battery in the group of charging rates can be determined based on the state of charge corresponding to when the anode potential difference corresponding to a group of charging rates begins to decrease. Then, based on the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the larger charging rate in the multiple groups of charging rates obtained at the preset temperature, the target lithium precipitation window is obtained.
  • the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates is obtained, so as to determine the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the charging rate corresponding to the target lithium precipitation window can reflect the charging capacity of the target battery, according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference, the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery at each charging rate can be determined, which improves the accuracy of the charging capacity of the determined target battery at different charging rates, and the target lithium precipitation window can provide a basis for battery design optimization and charging strategy formulation.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of another method for determining a target lithium precipitation window provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application relates to a possible implementation method of determining a target lithium precipitation window of a target battery according to an anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and a state of charge corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the above S602 may include the following steps:
  • S701 determining an anode potential variation curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the anode potential change curve corresponding to the group of charging rates can be realized in the following two ways:
  • Method 1 subtract the second anode potential from the first anode potential corresponding to the same state of charge to obtain the anode potential difference corresponding to the state of charge, and obtain the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery under the group of charging rates according to the anode potential difference corresponding to each state of charge and each state of charge, wherein the first anode potential is the anode potential on the anode potential curve at a low rate in a group of charging rates, and the second anode potential is the anode potential on the anode potential curve at a high rate in the group of charging rates.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an anode potential change curve provided by an embodiment of the present application, taking 1.4C charging rate and 1.5C charging rate as group A, obtaining an anode potential change curve 801 corresponding to the target battery in the case of group A; taking 1.5C charging rate and 1.8C charging rate as group B, obtaining an anode potential change curve 802 corresponding to the target battery in the case of group B; taking 1.8C charging rate and 2.2C charging rate as group C, obtaining an anode potential change curve 803 corresponding to the target battery in the case of group C; taking 2.2C charging rate and 2.5C charging rate as group D, obtaining an anode potential change curve 804 corresponding to the target battery in the case of group D; taking 2.5C charging rate and 2.8C charging rate as group E, obtaining an anode potential change curve 805 corresponding to the target battery in the case of group E; taking 2.8C charging rate and 3C charging rate as group F, obtaining an anode potential change curve 806 corresponding to the
  • Method 2 Use the first anode potential corresponding to the same state of charge to subtract the second anode potential on the anode potential curve at a low rate to obtain the anode potential difference corresponding to the state of charge, and obtain the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery under the group of charging rates according to the anode potential difference corresponding to each state of charge and each state of charge, wherein the first anode potential is the anode potential on the anode potential curve at a high rate in a group of charging rates, and the second anode potential is the anode potential on the anode potential curve at a low rate in the group of charging rates.
  • the anode potential change curve is determined using the same group of charging rates, the anode potential change curve obtained by method 1 and the anode potential change curve obtained by method 2 are symmetrical about the horizontal axis state of charge.
  • the anode potential change curve determined by method 1 in the above-mentioned embodiment S701 is introduced, and every two charging rates are taken as a group of charging rates.
  • the following operation process is performed according to the direction of the state of charge from large to small to determine the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery under the larger charging rate in the group of charging rates.
  • the anode potential difference at 90% state of charge is 0.002V
  • the anode potential difference at 89% state of charge is 0.0021V.
  • the 70% state of charge is used as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at this charging rate.
  • the smallest state of charge among the multiple consecutive current states of charge is used as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at the larger charge rate in the group.
  • the anode potential difference corresponding to 70% state of charge is equal to the anode potential difference corresponding to 69% state of charge
  • the anode potential difference corresponding to 69% state of charge is equal to the anode potential difference corresponding to 68% state of charge
  • the anode potential difference corresponding to 68% state of charge is greater than the anode potential difference corresponding to 67% state of charge, then the 68% state of charge is used as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at the charge rate.
  • the differential of each anode potential difference on the anode potential variation curve may be calculated according to the direction of the state of charge from large to small, and the initial lithium deposition window may be determined according to the result of the differential.
  • the initial lithium deposition window is determined based on the anode potential change curve determined by the same group of charging rates, the initial lithium deposition window corresponding to the target battery at the larger charging rate in the group of charging rates is determined.
  • S703 Determine a target lithium deposition window of a target battery according to each initial lithium deposition window.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window and the charging rate corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate can be fitted to obtain the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery. It is also possible to connect each initial lithium precipitation window after obtaining the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at all charging rates to obtain the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery.
  • the corresponding relationship between each charging rate and the initial lithium precipitation window is shown in Table 1.
  • Each charging rate in Table 1 is fitted with the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate to obtain the target lithium precipitation window, and the result is shown in Figure 9.
  • the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates is determined, and according to the target battery at each two charging rates, the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference is determined.
  • the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery is used to determine the initial lithium deposition window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate, and the target lithium deposition window of the target battery is determined according to each initial lithium deposition window.
  • the target lithium deposition window determined according to the anode potential change curve can obtain the maximum charging rate of the target battery at different states of charge, thereby improving the accuracy of the battery charging capacity obtained at different states of charge.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart of determining the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application relates to how to determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate according to the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates.
  • a possible implementation method. Based on the above embodiment, the above S702 may include the following steps:
  • the anode potential change curve determined in method 1 in S701 is continued to determine the change trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve.
  • the interval where each state of charge corresponding to the anode potential change curve is located can be segmented to obtain multiple state of charge segments. For each state of charge segment, starting from the anode potential difference corresponding to the largest state of charge, the size of the anode potential difference corresponding to each state of charge is determined in turn, and then according to the size of the anode potential difference corresponding to each state of charge, the change trend of the anode potential difference of the state of charge segment is determined.
  • the change trend of the anode potential difference corresponding to the state of charge of 95% state of charge-100%, the change trend of the anode potential difference corresponding to the state of charge of 90% state of charge-95%, and the change trend of the anode potential difference corresponding to the state of charge of 85% state of charge-90% state of charge are determined in turn.
  • the changing trend of the anode potential difference of the anode potential change curve can be determined by calculating the slope; for example, the anode potential difference corresponding to a 98% state of charge is 0.8, and the anode potential difference corresponding to a 100% state of charge is 0.5, then the changing trend of the anode potential difference of 98% state of charge - 100% state of charge is a downward trend with a slope of -0.06.
  • the change trend of the anode potential difference of the anode potential change curve can also be determined by comparing the anode potential difference point by point. For example, the anode potential difference corresponding to the 95% state of charge is 0.8, the anode potential difference corresponding to the 96% state of charge is 0.77, the anode potential difference corresponding to the 97% state of charge is 0.7, the anode potential difference corresponding to the 98% state of charge is 0.65, the anode potential difference corresponding to the 99% state of charge is 0.6, and the anode potential difference corresponding to the 100% state of charge is 0.5, then the change trend of the anode potential difference from the 95% state of charge to the 100% state of charge is a downward trend.
  • the curve corresponding to the change trend from the rising trend to the falling trend is determined, and the target position is determined in the state of charge corresponding to the curve.
  • the change trend corresponding to different states of charge is determined.
  • the slope corresponding to 80% state of charge-83% state of charge is 0.5
  • the slope corresponding to 83% state of charge-85% state of charge is 0.7
  • the slope corresponding to 85% state of charge-90% state of charge is -0.5
  • the slope corresponding to 90% state of charge-100% state of charge is -0.4
  • the target position has determined the approximate position where the anode potential change curve drops, and the target position can be
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined by differential method on the corresponding anode potential change curve.
  • the size of each anode potential difference on the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target position is compared point by point to determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate.
  • the change trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve is determined, and according to the change trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve, the target position is determined on the corresponding anode potential change curve, so as to determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate according to the target position.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window is determined according to the target position, which avoids determining according to the anode potential difference of all anode potential change curves, simplifies the process of determining the initial lithium precipitation window, and improves the efficiency of determining the initial lithium precipitation window.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another process for determining an initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to a target battery at each charging rate provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application relates to a possible implementation method of how to determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to each charging rate according to the target position.
  • the above S903 may include the following steps:
  • the anode potential change curve determined by the method 1 in S701 is continued as an example, and multiple anode potential differences corresponding to the state of charge that are all less than the state of charge at the target position are determined as the target curve. For example, if the target position is 90% state of charge, the anode potential difference curve corresponding to 80% state of charge-89% state of charge can be used as the target curve, or the anode potential difference curve corresponding to 70% state of charge-85% state of charge can be used as the target curve.
  • the state of charge of the target curve is smaller than the state of charge at the target position, and the closer the state of charge of the target curve is to the target position, the more accurate the determined target curve is.
  • the anode potential difference and the state of charge corresponding to the target curve are fitted to obtain a target line segment, as shown in Figure 12, which is another schematic diagram of the anode potential change curve provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted line in Figure 12 is the target line segment obtained according to the anode potential difference and the state of charge corresponding to the target curve.
  • fitting methods such as the least squares method and the method of approximating discrete data with an analytical expression can be used.
  • the first anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first charge state on the target line segment
  • the second anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first charge state on the anode potential change curve.
  • the difference between the first anode potential difference and the second anode potential difference is determined in multiple first states of charge.
  • the first state of charge is 10% state of charge-15% state of charge
  • the first state of charge is 10% state of charge
  • the first anode potential difference is 0.2
  • the second anode potential difference is 0.19
  • the difference corresponding to the 10% state of charge is 0.01
  • the first state of charge is 11% state of charge
  • the first anode potential difference is 0.2
  • the second anode potential difference is 0.21
  • the difference corresponding to the 10% state of charge is -0.01.
  • the first anode potential difference and the second anode potential difference corresponding to the first charge states are obtained respectively in sequence. Difference value.
  • the difference values corresponding to multiple first states of charge under a charging rate are all greater than a preset difference value, the smallest state of charge among the multiple first states of charge can be used as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery under the charging rate, or other states of charge among the multiple first states of charge can be used as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery under the charging rate.
  • each target line segment is fitted according to the anode potential difference and charge state corresponding to each target curve, and then the difference between the anode potential difference on the target line segment and the anode potential difference on the anode potential change curve is obtained, and the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined according to each difference value. Since the initial lithium precipitation window can be determined by the difference value, the method is relatively simple to implement and can improve the efficiency of obtaining the initial lithium precipitation window.
  • the embodiments of the present application relate to a possible implementation method of determining the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve according to the difference values corresponding to each first state of charge.
  • the above S1104 can be implemented as follows:
  • the smallest first state of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve.
  • the difference values corresponding to multiple consecutive first states of charge are judged in this embodiment, that is, if the difference values corresponding to multiple consecutive first states of charge are greater than or equal to the preset difference value, it is proved that the anode potential difference under multiple consecutive first states of charge shows a stable downward trend, then the minimum first state of charge is determined as the initial lithium deposition window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve.
  • the smallest first state of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window of the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window is determined by the relationship between the difference values corresponding to multiple consecutive first states of charge and the preset difference value, thereby improving the accuracy of the obtained initial lithium precipitation window.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining an initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to a target battery at each charging rate provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application relates to another possible implementation method of determining an initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to a target battery at each charging rate according to an anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates.
  • the above S602 may include the following steps:
  • the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates is differentiated to obtain the slope value of the anode potential change curve at each charge state, and a differential curve is obtained based on each slope value and the charge state corresponding to the slope value.
  • the minimum state of charge among the multiple states of charge whose slope values are all less than or equal to 0 is used as the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate.
  • the value of 95% state of charge-100% state of charge on the differential curve is less than 0
  • the value of 90% state of charge-95% state of charge on the differential curve is less than 0
  • the slope of 88% state of charge and 89% state of charge after differentiation is greater than 0, then the 90% state of charge is used as the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve.
  • each differential curve is obtained by differentiating the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates, and the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined according to each differential curve.
  • the variation law of the anode potential change curve can be obtained more accurately by differentiation, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined initial lithium precipitation window.
  • every two charging rates include a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and the ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the degree of lithium insertion of the graphite on the surface of the negative electrode is higher than that of the graphite close to the current collector, so E ⁇ LiCx/Li i is a mixed potential, and E ⁇ LiCx/Li is related to the heterogeneity of lithium insertion.
  • the anode potential difference is calculated by subtracting the anode potentials of two different rates, the E ⁇ LiCx/Li of the two rates cannot be completely subtracted, so the anode potential difference is not actually a constant when lithium is not precipitated.
  • the difference in charging rates of the two anode potentials cannot be too large.
  • the ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to 1.5 times, so that the graphite lithium insertion heterogeneity at the two rates is close, ensuring that E ⁇ LiCx/Li is close, so as to subtract and deduct, and obtain a more accurate target lithium precipitation window.
  • each of the two charging rates includes a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and the ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a lithium deposition window determination device for implementing the above-mentioned lithium deposition window determination method.
  • the implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above-mentioned method, so the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the lithium deposition window determination device provided below can refer to the limitations of the lithium deposition window determination method above, and will not be repeated here.
  • a device for determining a lithium deposition window comprising: an acquisition module 11 and a determination module 12, wherein:
  • An acquisition module 11 is used to acquire charging data of a target battery at multiple charging rates; the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery;
  • the determination module 12 is used to determine the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the charging data under multiple charging rates.
  • the determining module includes:
  • An acquisition unit used to acquire the anode potential difference of the target battery at every two charging rates according to the charging data at the multiple charging rates;
  • the determination unit is used to determine the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery according to the anode potential difference of the target battery and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference at each two charging rates.
  • the determination unit is further used to determine the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates based on the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference; determine the initial lithium deposition window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate based on the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at each two charging rates; and determine the target lithium deposition window of the target battery based on each initial lithium deposition window.
  • the determination unit is also used to determine the changing trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve according to the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery under every two charging rates; determine the target position on the corresponding anode potential change curve according to the changing trend of the anode potential difference of each anode potential change curve; and determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to each charging rate according to the target position.
  • the determination unit is also used to determine a target curve on the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target position; the state of charge on the target curve is less than the state of charge at the target position; each target line segment is fitted according to the anode potential difference and the state of charge corresponding to each target curve; the difference between the first anode potential difference and the second anode potential difference corresponding to multiple first states of charge is obtained; the first anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on the target line segment, and the second anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on the anode potential change curve; according to the difference value corresponding to each first state of charge, the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve is determined.
  • the determination unit is also used to determine the minimum state of charge among multiple consecutive first states of charge as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate if the difference values corresponding to multiple consecutive first states of charge are greater than or equal to a preset difference value.
  • the determination unit is further used to perform differentiation processing on the anode potential change curve corresponding to the target battery at every two charging rates to obtain each differential curve; and determine the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate according to each differential curve.
  • each two charging rates include a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and a ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • Each module in the above-mentioned lithium precipitation window determination device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof.
  • Each of the above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in a computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each of the above modules.
  • a computer device which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be shown in FIG15.
  • the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen, and an input device connected via a system bus.
  • the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities.
  • the memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory.
  • the non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program.
  • the internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium.
  • the communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be implemented through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies.
  • WIFI wireless fidelity
  • NFC near field communication
  • the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for determining a lithium precipitation window is implemented.
  • the display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen
  • the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.
  • FIG. 15 is merely a block diagram of a partial structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied.
  • the specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
  • a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:
  • the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery;
  • the target lithium plating window of the target battery is determined based on the charging data at multiple charging rates.
  • the processor when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:
  • the anode potential difference of the target battery at every two charging rates is obtained
  • the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the processor when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined
  • a target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined.
  • the processor when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:
  • a target position is determined on the corresponding anode potential variation curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • the processor when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:
  • each target line segment is obtained by fitting
  • the first anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on a target line segment
  • the second anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on an anode potential change curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve is determined.
  • the processor when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:
  • the minimum state of charge among the multiple consecutive first states of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate.
  • the processor when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • each two charging rates include a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and a ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • a computer readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery;
  • the target lithium plating window of the target battery is determined based on the charging data at multiple charging rates.
  • the anode potential difference of the target battery at every two charging rates is obtained
  • the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined
  • a target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined.
  • the target position is determined on the corresponding anode potential change curve. Place;
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • each target line segment is obtained by fitting
  • the first anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on a target line segment
  • the second anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on an anode potential change curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve is determined.
  • the minimum state of charge among the multiple consecutive first states of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • each two charging rates include a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and a ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • a computer program product comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:
  • the charging data is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the anode potential and the state of charge of the target battery;
  • the target lithium plating window of the target battery is determined based on the charging data at multiple charging rates.
  • the anode potential difference of the target battery at every two charging rates is obtained
  • the target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined according to the anode potential difference of the target battery at each two charging rates and the charge state corresponding to the anode potential difference.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to each charging rate is determined
  • a target lithium precipitation window of the target battery is determined.
  • a target position is determined on the corresponding anode potential variation curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • each target line segment is obtained by fitting
  • the first anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on a target line segment
  • the second anode potential difference is the anode potential difference of the first state of charge on an anode potential change curve
  • the initial lithium precipitation window of the target battery at the charging rate corresponding to the anode potential change curve is determined.
  • the minimum state of charge among the multiple consecutive first states of charge is determined as the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate.
  • the initial lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target battery at each charging rate is determined.
  • each two charging rates include a first charging rate and a second charging rate, the first charging rate is greater than the second charging rate, and a ratio between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory.
  • Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc.
  • Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc.
  • RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
  • the database involved in the example may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database.
  • the non-relational database may include a distributed database based on blockchain, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the processor involved in each embodiment provided in the present application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic unit, a data processing logic unit based on quantum computing, etc., but is not limited thereto.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种析锂窗口确定方法，通过获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据，根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口，其中，充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系。本申请实施例提供的析锂窗口确定方法不需要去测量电池发生析锂时对应的过电位，只需要获取多个充电倍率下的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系，根据此对应关系的充电数据确定目标析锂窗口，提高了确定出的目标析锂窗口的准确性。

Description

析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品
相关申请
本申请引用于2023年04月25日申请的，申请号为202310456445X，名称为“析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品。
背景技术
析锂是锂离子电池的一种损耗状况，锂离子电池析锂后，其寿命会加速衰减，继续使用也会有安全风险。因此如何得到锂离子电池的析锂窗口就尤为重要。
相关技术中，通常采用三电极法、光学方法、扫描电子显微镜等成像方法确定电池的析锂窗口，然而，目前获得的电池的析锂窗口的准确性较低。
发明内容
基于上述问题，本申请提供一种析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品，能够提高得到的电池的析锂窗口的准确性。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种析锂窗口确定方法，该方法包括：
获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据，根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口，其中，充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系。本申请实施例提供的析锂窗口确定方法不需要去测量电池发生析锂时对应的过电位，只需要获取多个充电倍率下的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系，根据此对应关系的充电数据确定目标析锂窗口，提高了确定出的目标析锂窗口的准确性。
在一些实施例中，根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口，包括：
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差；
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池 的阳极电位差，从而根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。由于目标析锂窗口对应的充电倍率能够反映目标电池的充电能力，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，可以确定出目标电池在各充电倍率下的目标析锂窗口，提高了确定出的目标电池在不同充电倍率下的充电能力的准确性，并且目标析锂窗口能够为电池的设计优化和充电策略的制定提供依据。
在一些实施例中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口，包括：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线；
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口；
根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口，根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。本申请实施例中根据阳极电位变化曲线确定的目标析锂窗口可以得到目标电池在不同荷电状态下的最大充电倍率，从而提高在不同荷电状态下获得的电池的充电能力的准确性。
在一些实施例中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，包括：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；
根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置；
根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置，从而根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。本申请实施例中，由于目标位置是根据阳极电位变化曲线的变化趋势确定的，根据目标位置确定初始析锂窗口，避免了根据所有阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差进行确定，简化了确定初始析锂窗口的流程，提高了确定初始析锂窗口的效率。
在一些实施例中，根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，包括：
确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态；
根据各目标曲线对应的电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段；
获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；第一阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在目标线段上的阳极电位差，第二阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差；
根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线，根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段，进而获取多个第一荷电状态对应的目标线段上的阳极电位差与阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差之间的差异值，根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。由于通过差异值即可确定初始析锂窗口，因此，该方法实现较简单，能够提高得到初始析锂窗口的效率。
在一些实施例中，根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口，包括：
若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将多个连续的第一荷电状态中的最小荷电状态确定为各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将多个连续的第一荷电状态中的最小荷电状态确定为各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。通过多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值与预设差异值之间关系确定初始析锂窗口，避免了单个阳极电位差确定初始析锂窗口时带来的不准确问题，提高了确定初始析锂窗口的准确性。
在一些实施例中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，包括：
对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线；
根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线，根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。本申请实施例中通过微分的方式可以更加准确的获得阳极电位变化曲线的变化规律，提高确定的初始析锂窗口的准确性。
在一些实施例中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。通过对第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值的范围进行限定，可以提高确定的目标析锂窗口的准确性。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种析锂窗口确定装置，该装置包括：
获取模块，用于获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
确定模块，用于根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
第三方面，本申请还提供了一种计算机设备，计算机设备包括存储器和处理器，存储器存储有计算机程序，处理器执行计算机程序时实现上述第一方面的任一步骤。
第四方面，本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述第一方面的任一步骤。
第五方面，本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述第一方面的任一步骤。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
通过阅读对下文可选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出可选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种析锂窗口确定方法的原理示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种析锂窗口确定方法的原理示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种析锂窗口确定方法的应用环境图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种析锂窗口确定方法的流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种阳极电位曲线示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种目标析锂窗口确定方法的流程示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种目标析锂窗口确定方法的流程示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种阳极电位变化曲线示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种目标析锂窗口示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的流程示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的流程示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的另一种阳极电位变化曲线示意图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的又一种确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的流程示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种析锂窗口确定装置的结构框图；
图15是本申请一实施例的计算机设备的内部结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
析锂是锂离子电池的一种损耗状况，锂离子电池析锂后，其寿命会加速衰减，继续使用也会有安全风险。因此如何得到锂离子电池的析锂窗口就尤为重要。
相关技术中，通常采用三电极法、光学方法、扫描电子显微镜等成像方法确定电池的析锂窗口，基于电化学阻抗谱、直流阻抗的阻抗类方法、高精度库伦效率测试、电池膨胀力或厚度测试、超声波成像、充电电压驰豫(如电压/时间(dV/dt))、热分析、中子成像等方法。由于上述方法在充电过程中存在极化，极化使得析锂存在过电位，然而，目前没有任何方法能准确测量过电位，导致获得的电池的析锂窗口的准确性较低。例如三电极方法：通常以热力学析锂电位(如果用锂三电极，电位为0毫伏(mV))来 判断析锂，由于充电过程中存在欧姆极化、扩散导致的极化、电化学极化，这些极化使得析锂存在过电位，且这个过电位与电池设计、测试温度等密切相关，目前没有任何方法能准确测量过电位，因此无法获得电池真实的析锂窗口。或者采用热力学析锂电位(即认为过电位为0)判定电池的析锂窗口，但得到的析锂窗口的结果偏低。由于低温下极化增大，过电位大，析锂窗口的结果更偏低。
为了提高析锂窗口的准确性，在本申请实施例中，基于多个充电倍率下的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系，确定目标析锂窗口。为了更清楚的介绍本申请实施例，在此结合图1和图2对本申请实施例基于的技术原理进行说明，图1和图2是本申请实施例提供的析锂窗口确定方法的原理示意图。
在对电池进行恒流充电过程中，当电池不发生析锂时，电流与过电位的关系为I＝η/R1，可知充电电流I完全由石墨嵌锂贡献。其中，η为过电位，R1为阻抗。阳极电位E可以通过充放电机测量出来，即电池的负极极柱与参比电极之间的电位关系可以表示为：E＝E负极极柱-E参比电极。
根据电化学理论可以推导出E＝I*R1-(RT/nF)*ln(C1/C2)+Eθ LiCx/Li，其中，I为充电电流，C1为三电极附近锂离子浓度，C2为负极表面锂离子浓度，Eθ LiCx/Li为锂碳化合物的标准电极电势，R为理想气体常数，R等于8.31441焦耳每摩尔开尔文(J/(K*mol))，T为电池温度，n为电极反应中电子转移数，F为法拉第常数，F等于96.487千焦每摩尔平衡电压(kJ/(V*mol))。经过实际测量可知，阻抗R1的变化随荷电状态的变化比较小，可以近似认为R1为常数。
而且，对于恒流充电过程，可以快速建立稳态扩散，锂离子浓度分布不随时间发生变化，即C1和C2不随荷电状态而发生改变，因此(RT/nF)*ln(C1/C2)可以视为常数。因此E可以简化为E＝I*k+C+Eθ LiCx/Li，其中k和C均为常数。因此，将两个不同倍率的阳极电位进行相减时，可得阳极电位差ΔE＝ΔI*k，即ΔE为常数。也就是说，将荷电状态与荷电状态对应的阳极电位差表现为曲线形式时，在电池不析锂的情况下，两个充电倍率的阳极电极曲线体现为“纵向平移”，“纵向平移”指两个充电倍率的阳极电位进行相减，在任何一个荷电状态下得到的阳极电位差值均相等。为了更清楚的介绍“纵向平移”，在此结合图1进行说明，阳极电位曲线101、阳极电位曲线102和阳极电位曲线103分别表示为倍率依次增加的三条阳极电位曲线示意图。由于未析锂，阳极电位曲线101和阳极电位曲线102体现为“纵向平移”，根据阳极电位曲线101和阳极电位曲线102得到的ΔE为常数，ΔE在任何荷电状态(stateofcharge，SOC)下均未发生变化。
在恒流充电过程中，电池在某个荷电状态下发生析锂时，充电电流包括石墨嵌锂电流和析锂电流，由于恒流充电电流不变，则石墨嵌锂的电流减小，阳极电位相对“平移曲线”发生偏离，导致ΔE减小。继续以上述图1为例，包括阳极电位曲线103和阳极电位曲线104，阳极电位曲线103为不发生析锂的情况下的阳极电位曲线，即“平移曲线”，阳极电位曲线104为发生析锂后电池实际的阳极电位曲线。由于阳极电位曲线103发生偏离得到实际的阳极电位曲线104，阳极电位曲线104与阳极电位曲线101之间的ΔE相比于阳极电位曲线103与阳极电位曲线101之间的ΔE减小，因此可以根据ΔE减小时对应的荷电状态确定析 锂窗口。
为了进一步对根据ΔE减小时对应的荷电状态确定出的析锂窗口的准确性进行验证，结合图2进行介绍，图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种析锂窗口确定方法的原理示意图，阳极电位差曲线201为阳极电位曲线104和阳极电位曲线101在理想情况下的阳极电位差曲线，阳极电位差曲线202为阳极电位曲线104和阳极电位曲线101在实际情况下的阳极电位差曲线。
由图2可知，理想情况对应的阳极电位差曲线201上的荷电状态低于析锂起始SOC的情况下，阳极电位曲线104与阳极电位曲线101之间的ΔE为常数；实际情况对应的阳极电位差曲线202上的荷电状态低于析锂起始SOC的情况下，阳极电位曲线104与阳极电位曲线101之间的ΔE呈上升趋势。理想情况对应的阳极电位差曲线201上的在荷电状态高于析锂起始SOC的情况下，阳极电位曲线104与阳极电位曲线101之间的ΔE呈下降趋势，同样地，实际情况对应的阳极电位差曲线202上的荷电状态高于析锂起始SOC的情况下，阳极电位曲线104与阳极电位曲线101之间的ΔE也呈下降趋势。
基于以上技术原理，因此可以根据多个充电倍率下的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系，确定析锂窗口，无需测量电池发生析锂时对应的过电位，从而提高了确定出的目标析锂窗口的准确性。
本申请提供了一种析锂窗口确定方法，可以应用于如图3所示的应用环境中。图3为本申请实施例提供的一种析锂窗口确定方法的应用环境图，该应用环境包括一种计算机设备，该计算机设备可以是服务器，其内部结构图可以如图3所示。该计算机设备包括通过系统总线连接的处理器、存储器和网络接口。其中，该计算机设备的处理器用于提供计算和控制能力。该计算机设备的存储器包括非易失性存储介质和内存储器。该非易失性存储介质存储有操作系统、计算机程序和数据库。该内存储器为非易失性存储介质中的操作系统和计算机程序的运行提供环境。该计算机设备的数据库用于存储电池析锂窗口的有关数据。该计算机设备的网络接口用于与外部的终端通过网络连接通信。该计算机程序被处理器执行时以实现一种析锂窗口确定方法。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的一种析锂窗口确定方法的流程示意图，该方法应用于如图3所示的计算机设备，该方法可以包括以下步骤：
S401、获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系。
在本申请实施例中，采用内置三电极的目标电池，进行不同充电倍率的充电测试，获得在充电过程阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系。其中，目标电池可以为不同型号的电池。
充电倍率可以为0.5C、1.2C等，在确定充电倍率的时候，美两个充电倍率之间的间隔可以一样，也可以不一样。例如，可以按照间隔为0.5C确定预设充电倍率，也可以第一个预设充电倍率和第二个预设充电倍率之间的间隔为0.5C，第二个预设充电倍率和第三个预设充电倍率之间的间隔为0.8C。
在一实施例中，获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据，该充电数据可以是荷电状态与阳极电位之间的曲线形式的对应关系，也可以是列表形式的对应关系，如图6所示，图6是本申请实施例提供的一种阳极电位曲线图，阳极电位曲线图采用曲线形式的对应关系将荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系 进行了展示。
在一些可能的实现方式中，可以实时获取目标电池在充电过程中的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系，即在对目标电池进行充电的过程中，获取目标电池在充电过程中的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系。也可以是一次性获取目标电池在充电过程中的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系，即目标电池在充电过程中的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系已经预先存储，计算机设备在获取到用户触发的操作指令后，根据操作指令获取目标电池在充电过程中的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系。
S402、根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
充电倍率的个数可以为大于预设阈值，以获取较多的充电数据，从而基于较多的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。例如，最小的充电倍率设置为1C，最大的充电倍率设置为3.5C，两个相邻的充电倍率之间的间隔设置为0.05C，得到51个充电倍率下的充电数据，可以将任意两个充电倍率下的充电数据作为一组充电数据，并确定各组充电数据对应的析锂起始SOC，即得到50个充电倍率下的析锂起始SOC，将该50个充电倍率下的析锂起始SOC作为目标电池的目标析锂窗口。需要说明的是，本实施例仅进行了示例性介绍，充电倍率的个数可以根据实际需求设置，本实施例对此不进行限定。
本申请实施例提供的析锂窗口确定方法，通过获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据，根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口，其中，充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系。本申请实施例提供的析锂窗口确定方法不需要去测量电池发生析锂时对应的过电位，只需要获取多个充电倍率下的荷电状态与阳极电位之间的对应关系，根据此对应关系的充电数据确定目标析锂窗口，提高了确定出的目标析锂窗口的准确性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的一种目标析锂窗口确定方法的流程示意图，本申请实施例涉及的是如何根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口的一种可能的实现方式，在上述实施例的基础上，上述的S302可以包括以下步骤：
S601、根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差。
在一实施例中，每两个充电倍率可以是任意两个充电倍率，也可以是相邻的两个充电倍率。
在本申请实施例中，将每两个充电倍率下同一荷电状态对应的阳极电位进行相减，得到阳极电位差。在对阳极电位进行相减时，可以是利用每两个充电倍率中的低倍率的阳极电位减去高倍率的阳极电位，得到同一荷电状态下目标电池的阳极电位差。
S602、根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在本申请实施例中，在同一预设温度下，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定阳极电位差开始减小时对应的荷电状态。为了便于介绍，将得到的阳极电位差对应的每两个充电倍率作为一组充电倍率，根据一组充电倍率对应的阳极电位差开始减小时对应的荷电状态，可以确定目标电池在该组充电倍率中较大的充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口。进而根据得到的该预设温度下多组充电倍率中较大的充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口，得到目标析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差，从而根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。由于目标析锂窗口对应的充电倍率能够反映目标电池的充电能力，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，可以确定出目标电池在各充电倍率下目标电池的目标析锂窗口，提高了确定出的目标电池在不同充电倍率下的充电能力的准确性，并且目标析锂窗口能够为电池的设计优化和充电策略的制定提供依据。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种目标析锂窗口确定方法的流程示意图，本申请实施例涉及的是如何根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口的一种可能的实现方式，在上述实施例的基础上，上述的S602可以包括以下步骤：
S701、根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线。
在本申请实施例中，以每两个充电倍率作为一组充电倍率，该组充电倍率对应的阳极电位变化曲线可以通过以下两种方式实现：
方式一：采用同一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位减去第二阳极电位，得到该荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，根据各荷电状态对应的阳极电位差以及各荷电状态，得到该组充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，其中，第一阳极电位为一组充电倍率中低倍率的阳极电位曲线上的阳极电位，第二阳极电位为该组充电倍率中高倍率的阳极电位曲线上的阳极电位。如图8所示，图8是本申请实施例提供的一种阳极电位变化曲线示意图，将1.4C充电倍率和1.5C充电倍率作为组A，得到在组A的情况下，目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线801；将1.5C充电倍率和1.8C充电倍率作为组B，得到在组B的情况下，目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线802；将1.8C充电倍率和2.2C充电倍率作为组C，得到在组C的情况下，目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线803；将2.2C充电倍率和2.5C充电倍率作为组D，得到在组D的情况下，目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线804；将2.5C充电倍率和2.8C充电倍率作为组E，得到在组E的情况下，目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线805；将2.8C充电倍率和3C充电倍率作为组F，得到在组F的情况下，目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线806。
方式二：采用同一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位减去低倍率的阳极电位曲线上的第二阳极电位，得到该荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，根据各荷电状态对应的阳极电位差以及各荷电状态，得到该组充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，其中，第一阳极电位为一组充电倍率中高倍率的阳极电位曲线上的阳极电位，第二阳极电位为该组充电倍率中低倍率的阳极电位曲线上的阳极电位。需要说明的是，当采用同组充电倍率确定阳极电位变化曲线时，采用方式一得到的阳极电位变化曲线与采用方式二得到的阳极电位变化曲线关于横轴荷电状态对称。
S702、根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在本申请实施例中，结合上述实施例S701中的方式一确定的阳极电位变化曲线进行介绍，将每两个充电倍率作为一组充电倍率，在该组充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线上，根据荷电状态从大至小的方向，执行如下操作过程，以确定该组充电倍率中较大的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
比较当前荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第一荷电状态对应的第二阳极电位差之间的大小，若第一阳极电位差小于第二阳极电位差，则将第一荷电状态作为新的当前荷电状态，并将该新的当前荷电状态的前一荷电状态作为第一荷电状态，并返回执行比较新的当前荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第一荷电状态对应的第二阳极电位差之间的大小的步骤，直至新的当前荷电状态对应的阳极电位差大于或等于第一荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为止，并将新的当前荷电状态作为该充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，其中，当前荷电状态大于第一荷电状态。
例如，90％荷电状态的阳极电位差为0.002V，89％荷电状态的阳极电位差为0.0021V，则继续比较89％荷电状态的阳极电位差与88％荷电状态的阳极电位差，直至在70％荷电状态时，70％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差大于69％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，则将70％荷电状态作为该充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
若存在多个当前荷电状态对应的阳极电位差等于第一荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，则将多个连续的当前荷电状态中的最小的荷电状态作为该组中较大充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。例如，在70％荷电状态时，70％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差等于69％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，69％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差等于68％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，68％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差大于67％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差，则将68％荷电状态作为该充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一些可能的实现方式中，还可以根据荷电状态从大至小的方向，计算阳极电位变化曲线上的各阳极电位差的微分，根据微分的结果确定初始析锂窗口。
需要说明的是，当根据同组充电倍率确定的阳极电位变化曲线确定初始析锂窗口时，都是确定的该组充电倍率中较大的充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
S703、根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在本申请实施例中，可以对各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口、充电倍率进行拟合，得到目标电池的目标析锂窗口。还可以在获得所有充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口后，对各初始析锂窗口进行连接，得到目标电池的目标析锂窗口。例如，各充电倍率与初始析锂窗口的对应关系如表1所示，对表1中的各充电倍率与各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口进行拟合，得到目标析锂窗口，结果如图9所示。
表1
本申请实施例的技术方案中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池之间的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电 池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。本申请实施例中根据阳极电位变化曲线确定的目标析锂窗口可以得到目标电池在不同荷电状态下的最大充电倍率，从而提高在不同荷电状态下获得的电池的充电能力的准确性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图10，图10是本申请实施例提供的一种确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的流程示意图，本申请实施例涉及的是如何根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的一种可能的实现方式。在上述实施例的基础上，上述的S702可以包括以下步骤：
S1001、根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势。
在本申请实施例中，继续以S701中的方式一确定的阳极电位变化曲线确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势。可以将阳极电位变化曲线对应的各荷电状态所在区间进行分段，得到多个荷电状态片段。对于各荷电状态片段，从最大的荷电状态对应的阳极电位差开始，依次确定各荷电状态对应的阳极电位差的大小，进而根据各荷电状态对应的阳极电位差的大小，确定荷电状态片段的阳极电位差的变化趋势。例如，依次确定荷电状态为95％荷电状态-100％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差的变化趋势，荷电状态为90％荷电状态-95％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差的变化趋势，荷电状态为85％荷电状态-90％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差的变化趋势。
在一些可能的实现方式中，可以通过计算斜率的方式，确定阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；例如，98％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.8，100％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.5，则98％荷电状态-100％荷电状态的阳极电位差的变化趋势为斜率为-0.06的下降趋势。
也可以采用逐点比较阳极电位差的方式，确定阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势。例如，95％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.8，96％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.77，97％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.7，98％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.65，99％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.6，100％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差为0.5，则95％荷电状态-100％荷电状态的阳极电位差的变化趋势为下降趋势。
S1002、根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置。
在本申请实施例中，根据上述计算的变化趋势，确定出变化趋势由上升趋势转化为下降趋势对应的曲线，在该曲线对应的荷电状态中确定目标位置。例如，根据上述计算斜率的方式确定出在不同荷电状态对应的变化趋势，若80％荷电状态-83％荷电状态对应的斜率为0.5，83％荷电状态-85％荷电状态对应的斜率为0.7，85％荷电状态-90％荷电状态对应的斜率为-0.5，90％荷电状态-100％荷电状态对应的斜率为-0.4，则上升趋势转化为下降趋势对应的曲线为83％荷电状态-90％荷电状态对应的阳极电位变化曲线，则可以将85％荷电状态作为目标位置。
S1003、根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在本申请实施例中，目标位置已经确定了阳极电位变化曲线下降的大概位置，可以在目标位置对 应的阳极电位变化曲线上，采用微分的方式，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。或者逐点比较目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上，各阳极电位差的大小，从而确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置，从而根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。本申请实施例中，由于目标位置是根据阳极电位变化曲线的变化趋势确定的，根据目标位置确定初始析锂窗口，避免了根据所有阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差进行确定，简化了确定初始析锂窗口的流程，提高了初始析锂窗口的确定效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图11，图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的流程示意图，本申请实施例涉及的是如何根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口的一种可能的实现方式，在上述实施例的基础上，上述的S903可以包括以下步骤：
S1101、确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态。
在本申请实施例中，继续以S701中的方式一确定的阳极电位变化曲线为例，将荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态对应的多个阳极电位差确定为目标曲线。例如，目标位置为90％荷电状态，则可以将80％荷电状态-89％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差曲线作为目标曲线，也可以是70％荷电状态-85％荷电状态对应的阳极电位差曲线作为目标曲线。
需要说明的是，目标曲线的荷电状态小于目标位置处的荷电状态，且目标曲线的荷电状态距离目标位置越近的情况下，确定的目标曲线更加准确。
S1102、根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段。
在本申请实施例中，对目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态进行拟合，得到目标线段，如图12所示，图12是本申请实施例提供的另一种阳极电位变化曲线示意图，图12中的虚线即为根据目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，得到的目标线段。例如，可以采用最小二乘法、解析表达式逼近离散数据的方法等拟合方法。
S1103、获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；第一阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在目标线段上的阳极电位差，第二阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差。
在本申请实施例中，在多个第一荷电状态下，确定第一阳极电位差和第二阳极电位差之间的差异值。例如，第一荷电状态为10％荷电状态-15％荷电状态，第一荷电状态为10％荷电状态，第一阳极电位差为0.2，第二阳极电位差为0.19，则10％荷电状态对应的差异值为0.01；第一荷电状态为11％荷电状态，第一阳极电位差为0.2，第二阳极电位差为0.21，则10％荷电状态对应的差异值为-0.01。
根据上述方式依次分别得到多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的 差异值。
S1104、根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
在本申请实施例中，若充电倍率下的多个第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于预设差异值，则可以将多个第一荷电状态中最小的荷电状态作为充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，或者，将多个第一荷电状态中的其他荷电状态作为充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线，根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段，进而获取目标线段上的阳极电位差与阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差之间的差异值，根据各差异值确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。由于通过差异值即可确定初始析锂窗口，因此，该方法实现较简单，能够提高得到初始析锂窗口的效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请实施例涉及的是如何根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口的一种可能的实现方式，在上述实施例的基础上，上述的S1104可以通过如下方式实现：
若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将最小的第一荷电状态确定为阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口
在本申请实施例中，为了提高得到的初始析锂窗口的准确性，本实施例中对多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值进行判断，即若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，证明在多个连续的第一荷电状态下的阳极电位差呈现稳定下降的趋势，则将最小的第一荷电状态确定为阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将最小的第一荷电状态确定为阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率的初始析锂窗口。通过多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值与预设差异值之间的关系确定初始析锂窗口，提高了得到的初始析锂窗口的准确性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图13，图13是本申请实施例提供的又一种确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的流程示意图，本申请实施例涉及的是如何根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口的另一种可能的实现方式，在上述实施例的基础上，上述的S602可以包括以下步骤：
S1301、对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线。
在本申请实施例中，继续以S701中的方式一确定的阳极电位变化曲线为例，对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理，得到阳极电位变化曲线在各荷电状态下的斜率值，根据各斜率值与斜率值对应的荷电状态得到微分曲线。
S1302、根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口。
在本申请实施例中，例如，微分曲线上从最大的荷电状态至最小的荷电状态对应的多个连续的斜率值均小于或均等于0，则将多个斜率值均小于或均等于0的荷电状态中最小的荷电状态作为充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。例如，95％荷电状态-100％荷电状态在微分曲线上的值小于0，90％荷电状态-95％荷电状态在微分曲线上的值小于0，88％荷电状态和89％荷电状态进行微分后的斜率大于0，则将90％荷电状态作为阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线，根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。本申请实施例中通过微分的方式可以更加准确的获得阳极电位变化曲线的变化规律，提高确定的初始析锂窗口的准确性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
在本申请实施例中，在电池充电过程中，负极表层石墨的嵌锂程度比靠近集流体的石墨的嵌锂程度高，因此Eθ LiCx/Lii为一个混合电位，且Eθ LiCx/Li与嵌锂的不均匀性有关。在使用两个不同倍率的阳极电位相减计算阳极电位差时，两个倍率的Eθ LiCx/Li不能完全减掉，因此阳极电位差在不析锂时，实际并非常数。在对两个不同充电倍率的阳极电位相减时，两个阳极电位的充电倍率差异不能太大。在一实施例中，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于1.5倍，以使两个倍率下石墨嵌锂不均匀性接近，确保Eθ LiCx/Li相近，以便相减扣除，得到更加准确的目标析锂窗口。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。通过对第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值的范围进行限定，可以提高确定的目标析锂窗口的准确性。
应该理解的是，虽然如上的各实施例所涉及的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示，但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。除非本文中有明确的说明，这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制，这些步骤可以以其它的顺序执行。而且，如上的各实施例所涉及的流程图中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个步骤或者多个阶段，这些步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成，而是可以在不同的时刻执行，这些步骤或者阶段的执行顺序也不必然是依次进行，而是可以与其它步骤或者其它步骤中的步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替地执行。
基于同样的发明构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种用于实现上述所涉及的析锂窗口确定方法的析锂窗口确定装置。该装置所提供的解决问题的实现方案与上述方法中所记载的实现方案相似，故下面所提供的一个或多个析锂窗口确定装置实施例中的具体限定可以参见上文中对于析锂窗口确定方法的限定，在此不再赘述。
在一个实施例中，如图14所示，提供了一种析锂窗口确定装置，包括：获取模块11和确定模块12，其中：
获取模块11，用于获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
确定模块12，用于根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，确定模块包括：
获取单元，用于根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差；
确定单元，用于根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，确定单元还用于根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线；根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口；根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，确定单元还用于根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置；根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，确定单元还用于确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态；根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段；获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；第一阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在目标线段上的阳极电位差，第二阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差；根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，确定单元还用于若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将多个连续的第一荷电状态中的最小荷电状态确定为各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，确定单元还用于对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线；根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
上述析锂窗口确定装置中的各个模块可全部或部分通过软件、硬件及其组合来实现。上述各模块可以硬件形式内嵌于或独立于计算机设备中的处理器中，也可以以软件形式存储于计算机设备中的存储器中，以便于处理器调用执行以上各个模块对应的操作。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机设备，该计算机设备可以是终端，其内部结构图可以如图15所示。该计算机设备包括通过系统总线连接的处理器、存储器、通信接口、显示屏和输入装置。其中，该计算机设备的处理器用于提供计算和控制能力。该计算机设备的存储器包括非易失性存储介质、内存储器。 该非易失性存储介质存储有操作系统和计算机程序。该内存储器为非易失性存储介质中的操作系统和计算机程序的运行提供环境。该计算机设备的通信接口用于与外部的终端进行有线或无线方式的通信，无线方式可通过WIFI、移动蜂窝网络、NFC(近场通信)或其他技术实现。该计算机程序被处理器执行时以实现一种析锂窗口确定方法。该计算机设备的显示屏可以是液晶显示屏或者电子墨水显示屏，该计算机设备的输入装置可以是显示屏上覆盖的触摸层，也可以是计算机设备外壳上设置的按键、轨迹球或触控板，还可以是外接的键盘、触控板或鼠标等。
本领域技术人员可以理解，图15中示出的结构，仅仅是与本申请方案相关的部分结构的框图，并不构成对本申请方案所应用于其上的计算机设备的限定，具体的计算机设备可以包括比图中所示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者具有不同的部件布置。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差；
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线；
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口；
根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；
根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置；
根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：
确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态；
根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段；
获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；第一阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在目标线段上的阳极电位差，第二阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差；
根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：
若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将多个连续的第一荷电状态中的最小荷电状态确定为各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，处理器执行计算机程序时还实现以下步骤：
对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线；
根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：
获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差；
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线；
根据每两个充电倍率对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口；
根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；
根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位 置；
根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态；
根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段；
获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；第一阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在目标线段上的阳极电位差，第二阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差；
根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将多个连续的第一荷电状态中的最小荷电状态确定为各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线；
根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：
获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；充电数据用于表征目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
根据多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差；
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池的阳极电位差和阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线；
根据每两个充电倍率对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各充电倍率对应的初始析锂窗口；
根据各初始析锂窗口，确定目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
根据每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；
根据各阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置；
根据目标位置，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
确定目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于目标位置处的荷电状态；
根据各目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段；
获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；第一阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在目标线段上的阳极电位差，第二阳极电位差为第一荷电状态在阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差；
根据各第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
若多个连续的第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值，则将多个连续的第一荷电状态中的最小荷电状态确定为各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，计算机程序被处理器执行时还实现以下步骤：
对每两个充电倍率下目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线；
根据各微分曲线，确定各充电倍率下目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
在一个实施例中，每两个充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率大于第二充电倍率，第一充电倍率与第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一非易失性计算机可读取存储介质中，该计算机程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，本申请所提供的各实施例中所使用的对存储器、数据库或其它介质的任何引用，均可包括非易失性和易失性存储器中的至少一种。非易失性存储器可包括只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、磁带、软盘、闪存、光存储器、高密度嵌入式非易失性存储器、阻变存储器(ReRAM)、磁变存储器(Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory，MRAM)、铁电存储器(Ferroelectric Random Access Memory，FRAM)、相变存储器(Phase Change Memory，PCM)、石墨烯存储器等。易失性存储器可包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)或外部高速缓冲存储器等。作为说明而非局限，RAM可以是多种形式，比如静态随机存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，SRAM)或动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic Random Access Memory，DRAM)等。本申请所提供的各实施 例中所涉及的数据库可包括关系型数据库和非关系型数据库中至少一种。非关系型数据库可包括基于区块链的分布式数据库等，不限于此。本申请所提供的各实施例中所涉及的处理器可为通用处理器、中央处理器、图形处理器、数字信号处理器、可编程逻辑器、基于量子计算的数据处理逻辑器等，不限于此。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，便于具体和详细地理解本申请的技术方案，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利保护范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。应当理解，本领域技术人员在本申请提供的技术方案的基础上，通过合乎逻辑的分析、推理或者有限的试验得到的技术方案，均在本申请所述附权利要求的保护范围内。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求的内容为准，说明书及附图可以用于解释权利要求的内容。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种析锂窗口确定方法，其中，所述方法包括：
    获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；所述充电数据用于表征所述目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
    根据所述多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定所述目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定所述目标电池的目标析锂窗口，包括：
    根据所述多个充电倍率下的充电数据，获取每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池的阳极电位差；
    根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池的阳极电位差和所述阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定所述目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池的阳极电位差和所述阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定所述目标电池的目标析锂窗口，包括：
    根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池的阳极电位差和所述阳极电位差对应的荷电状态，确定所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线；
    根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口；
    根据各所述初始析锂窗口，确定所述目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，包括：
    根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各所述阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势；
    根据各所述阳极电位变化曲线的阳极电位差的变化趋势，在对应的所述阳极电位变化曲线上确定目标位置；
    根据所述目标位置，确定各所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述目标位置，确定各所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，包括：
    确定所述目标位置对应的阳极电位变化曲线上的目标曲线；所述目标曲线上的荷电状态均小于所述目标位置处的荷电状态；
    根据各所述目标曲线对应的阳极电位差和荷电状态，拟合得到各目标线段；
    获取多个第一荷电状态对应的第一阳极电位差与第二阳极电位差之间的差异值；所述第一阳极电位差为所述第一荷电状态在所述目标线段上的阳极电位差，所述第二阳极电位差为所述第一荷电状态在所述阳极电位变化曲线上的阳极电位差；
    根据各所述第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定所述阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下所述目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述根据各所述第一荷电状态对应的差异值，确定所述阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下所述目标电池的初始析锂窗口，包括：
    在多个连续的所述第一荷电状态对应的差异值均大于或等于预设差异值的情况下，将最小的第一荷电状态确定为所述阳极电位变化曲线对应的充电倍率下所述目标电池的初始析锂窗口。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线，确定各所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口，包括：
    对所述每两个所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的阳极电位变化曲线进行微分处理得到各微分曲线；
    根据各所述微分曲线，确定各所述充电倍率下所述目标电池对应的初始析锂窗口。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的方法，其中，每两个所述充电倍率包括第一充电倍率和第二充电倍率，所述第一充电倍率大于所述第二充电倍率，所述第一充电倍率与所述第二充电倍率之间的比值小于或等于预设阈值。
  9. 一种析锂窗口确定装置，其中，所述装置包括：
    获取模块，用于获取目标电池在多个充电倍率下的充电数据；所述充电数据用于表征所述目标电池的阳极电位与荷电状态之间的对应关系；
    确定模块，用于根据所述多个充电倍率下的充电数据，确定所述目标电池的目标析锂窗口。
  10. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
  12. 一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2024/073970 2023-04-25 2024-01-25 析锂窗口确定方法、装置、设备、存储介质和程序产品 Ceased WO2024222091A1 (zh)

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