WO2024195355A1 - 熱マネジメントシステム、制御装置 - Google Patents

熱マネジメントシステム、制御装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024195355A1
WO2024195355A1 PCT/JP2024/004766 JP2024004766W WO2024195355A1 WO 2024195355 A1 WO2024195355 A1 WO 2024195355A1 JP 2024004766 W JP2024004766 W JP 2024004766W WO 2024195355 A1 WO2024195355 A1 WO 2024195355A1
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Prior art keywords
refrigerant
state
heat medium
circuit
heat
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PCT/JP2024/004766
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
剛志 酒井
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株式会社デンソー
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Priority to JP2025508208A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024195355A1/ja
Publication of WO2024195355A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024195355A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a thermal management system and a control device.
  • a refrigerant circuit is made up of functional components that make up the refrigeration cycle, such as a compressor and a heat exchanger, which are connected by pipes and hoses. Each piece of equipment is placed in a location separated from the others by pipes and hoses.
  • One solution would be to integrate the various functional components of the refrigerant circuit into one location and modularize them. This would shorten the length of the pipes and hoses, preventing any decline in efficiency of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the refrigerant circuit may be left in a high temperature state during the summer or after the refrigerant circuit has stopped operating. If the refrigerant circuit is left in a high temperature state, the refrigerant pressure will increase.
  • the compressor which powers the refrigerant circuit
  • the refrigerant pressure may become abnormally high.
  • it is necessary to increase the starting torque of the electric motor that operates the compressor, so there is a possibility that the compressor will not be able to start due to insufficient torque of the electric motor.
  • the objective of this disclosure is to provide a thermal management system and control device that can operate a compressor without increasing the size of the compressor or control device, even under conditions where the refrigerant pressure increases after the refrigerant circuit is left at high temperatures, when the refrigerant circuit is integrated into a refrigerant circuit module.
  • a refrigerant circuit having a compressor and through which a refrigerant circulates in response to operation of the compressor; a state detection unit that detects a state related to the heat of a refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit; a heat medium circuit connected to the refrigerant circuit and through which a heat medium capable of exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulates; A control device that operates a compressor of the refrigerant circuit and an operation of the heat medium circuit; Including, The refrigerant circuit, the state detection unit, and the control device are integrated into a refrigerant circuit module, and all of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is contained within the refrigerant circuit module.
  • the control device is configured to: acquiring a state related to the heat of the refrigerant from the state detection unit, and performing at least one of an operation of the heat medium circuit and an operation of suppressing an output of a compressor in the refrigerant circuit in accordance with the acquired state related to the heat of the refrigerant; After execution, the refrigerant circuit module is operated normally by performing an operation that maximizes the output of the compressor based on the state related to the heat of the refrigerant obtained from the state detection unit.
  • a refrigerant circuit having a compressor and through which a refrigerant circulates in response to operation of the compressor; a state detection unit that detects a state related to the heat of a refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit; a heat medium circuit connected to the refrigerant circuit and through which a heat medium capable of exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulates; [0023]
  • the refrigerant circuit and the state detection unit are integrated together as a refrigerant circuit module, and all of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is contained within the refrigerant circuit module, When the compressor in the refrigerant circuit module is stopped and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is left in a high temperature state, acquiring a state related to the heat of the refrigerant from the state detection unit, and performing at least one of an
  • the compressor can be operated without enlarging the size of the compressor or control device, even under conditions where the refrigerant pressure increases after the refrigerant circuit is left in a high-temperature state. This makes it possible to operate the refrigerant circuit module normally.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a thermal management system according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the control contents of the integrated ECU.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control contents of the integrated ECU according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a thermal management system according to the third embodiment.
  • a refrigerant circuit module 1 according to the present disclosure is applied to a thermal management system 100 mounted on an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.
  • An electric vehicle is a vehicle that obtains driving force for traveling from an electric motor.
  • the thermal management system 100 conditions the interior of the vehicle, which is the space to be air-conditioned, and also adjusts the temperature of the vehicle-mounted equipment. Therefore, the thermal management system 100 can be called an air conditioner with a function for cooling vehicle-mounted equipment, or an in-vehicle equipment cooling device with an air conditioning function.
  • the thermal management system 100 includes a host ECU 10, an LV battery 20, and an HV battery 30.
  • the thermal management system 100 includes a refrigerant circuit 40, a high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50, a first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, a second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70, a state detection unit 80, and an integrated ECU 90.
  • the thermal management system 100 also has an indoor air conditioning unit that supplies conditioned air whose temperature has been adjusted using the hot and cold heat generated in the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the host ECU 10 communicates with the integrated ECU 90.
  • ECU is an abbreviation for Electronic Control Unit.
  • the host ECU 10 outputs status notifications and operation requests to the integrated ECU 90 and inputs status notifications and operation requests from the integrated ECU 90 via communication means.
  • the host ECU 10 is composed of a well-known microcomputer including a processor 11, ROM, RAM, etc., and its peripheral circuits.
  • the host ECU 10 performs various calculations and processing based on the control programs stored in the ROM.
  • the LV battery 20 is a low-voltage battery, for example, about 12 V.
  • the LV battery 20 supplies low-voltage power to the integrated ECU 90.
  • the HV battery 30 is a high-voltage battery of, for example, several hundred volts.
  • the HV battery 30 supplies high-voltage power to on-board devices that require high voltage according to instructions from the host ECU 10 or the integrated ECU 90.
  • the HV battery 30 is a secondary battery that stores power to be supplied to multiple on-board devices that run on electricity.
  • the HV battery 30 is an assembled battery formed by electrically connecting multiple battery cells arranged in a stack in series or parallel.
  • the battery cells in this embodiment are lithium-ion batteries.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 is a vapor compression type refrigerator.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 uses, for example, a fluorocarbon-based refrigerant as the refrigerant. Therefore, the refrigerant circuit 40 forms a subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant is mixed with refrigeration oil to lubricate the compressor 41.
  • the refrigeration oil is, for example, PAG oil. A portion of the refrigeration oil circulates through the cycle together with the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 includes a compressor 41, a heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42, a receiver 43, a first expansion valve 44, a second expansion valve 45, a first chiller 46, and a second chiller 47.
  • the compressor 41 draws in, compresses, and discharges the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the compressor 41 houses a compression mechanism that compresses the gas-phase refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40, and an MOT 41A for operating the compression mechanism, inside a housing formed in an approximately cylindrical shape.
  • MOT 41A is an electric motor that outputs a rotational driving force to drive compressor 41. Therefore, in refrigerant circuit 40, refrigerant circulates according to the operation of compressor 41. The rotation speed of MOT 41A is controlled according to commands from integrated ECU 90.
  • the discharge port side of the compressor 41 is connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 via a high-pressure side flow path 48A formed as a refrigerant flow path.
  • the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 has a refrigerant passage 42A that circulates the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41, and a heat medium passage 42B that circulates the high-temperature side heat medium circulating in the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50.
  • the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 is a condenser that condenses the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 42A by heat exchange with the high-temperature heat medium flowing through the heat medium passage 42B.
  • the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 dissipates heat from the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 to the high-temperature heat medium circulating through the high-temperature heat medium circuit 50, heating the high-temperature heat medium.
  • the receiver 43 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 via the high pressure side flow path 48A.
  • the receiver 43 is a gas-liquid separation section that separates the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant passage 42A of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 into gas and liquid, and allows the liquid phase refrigerant to flow downstream, while also storing the excess refrigerant of the cycle.
  • the refrigerant branching section 49A is connected to the outlet of the receiver 43.
  • one of the three inlet/outlet ports is a refrigerant inlet, and the remaining two are refrigerant outlet ports.
  • the refrigerant branching section 49A is a branching section that branches the flow of the liquid-phase refrigerant that flows out of the receiver 43.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the first expansion valve 44 is connected to one of the refrigerant outlets of the refrigerant branching section 49A via the high-pressure side flow path 48A.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the second expansion valve 45 is connected to the other refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant branching section 49A via the high-pressure side flow path 48A.
  • the first expansion valve 44 is a pressure reducing section that reduces the pressure and expands the liquid phase refrigerant that flows out from one of the outlets of the refrigerant branch section 49A.
  • the first expansion valve 44 is an electrically operated variable throttling mechanism.
  • the first expansion valve 44 has a valve body and an electric actuator.
  • the valve body is configured to be able to change the opening of the refrigerant flow path. In other words, the valve body can change the throttling opening.
  • the electric actuator has a stepping motor that changes the throttling opening of the valve body.
  • the first expansion valve 44 is configured as a variable throttle mechanism with a full closing function that fully closes the refrigerant flow path.
  • the first expansion valve 44 is controlled by a control signal output from the integrated ECU 90.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the first chiller 46 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the first expansion valve 44 via a low-pressure side flow path 48B.
  • the first chiller 46 has a refrigerant passage 46A that circulates the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the first expansion valve 44, and a heat medium passage 46B that circulates the low-temperature side heat medium circulating in the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60.
  • the first chiller 46 is an evaporator that performs heat exchange between the low-pressure refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 46A and the low-temperature side heat medium flowing through the heat medium passage 46B, evaporating the low-pressure refrigerant and exerting a heat absorption effect.
  • the outlet side of the refrigerant passage 46A in the first chiller 46 is connected to a refrigerant junction 49B via a low-pressure flow path 48B.
  • a refrigerant junction 49B two of the three inlet and outlet ports are refrigerant inlets, and the remaining one is a refrigerant outlet.
  • the refrigerant junction 49B is a junction that joins the refrigerant flows branched off at the refrigerant branching section 49A.
  • the second expansion valve 45 is connected to the other refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant branch section 49A.
  • the second expansion valve 45 is a pressure reducing section that reduces the pressure and expands the liquid phase refrigerant that flows out from the other outlet of the receiver 43.
  • the second expansion valve 45 is configured to be able to change the opening of the refrigerant flow path.
  • the second expansion valve 45 is configured as a variable throttle mechanism with a full closing function that fully closes the refrigerant flow path.
  • the second expansion valve 45 is controlled by a control signal output from the integrated ECU 90.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the second chiller 47 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the second expansion valve 45 via a low-pressure side flow path 48B.
  • the second chiller 47 has a refrigerant passage 47A that circulates the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the second expansion valve 45, and a heat medium passage 47B that circulates the low-temperature side heat medium circulating in the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70.
  • the second chiller 47 is an evaporator that performs heat exchange between the low-pressure refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 47A and the low-temperature side heat medium flowing through the heat medium passage 47B, evaporating the low-pressure refrigerant and exerting a heat absorption effect.
  • the outlet side of the refrigerant passage 47A in the second chiller 47 is connected to a refrigerant junction 49B via a low-pressure side flow path 48B. Therefore, the refrigerant junction 49B joins the flow of refrigerant flowing out from the first chiller 46 and the flow of refrigerant flowing out from the second chiller 47.
  • the outlet of the refrigerant junction 49B is connected to the suction side of the compressor 41 via the low-pressure side flow path 48B.
  • the refrigerant is compressed and pressurized by the compressor 41, depressurized by the first expansion valve 44 or the second expansion valve 45, and then sucked into the compressor 41. Therefore, the refrigerant flow path from the discharge port of the compressor 41 to the inlet of the first expansion valve 44 or the second expansion valve 45 can be called the high-pressure side flow path. Also, the refrigerant flow path from the outlet of the first expansion valve 44 or the second expansion valve 45 to the suction port of the compressor 41 can be called the low-pressure side flow path.
  • Each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 of the heat management system 100 is connected to the refrigerant circuit 40, and is a circuit through which a heat medium capable of heat exchange with the refrigerant circulates.
  • the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 is a circuit that circulates the high-temperature side heat medium.
  • the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 uses an ethylene glycol aqueous solution as the high-temperature side heat medium.
  • the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 includes the heat medium passage 42B of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42, the high-temperature side pump 51, and the heater core 52.
  • the high-temperature side heat medium may be any fluid capable of transferring heat generated by the heat medium-refrigerant heat exchanger 42, and various configurations may be used.
  • the high-temperature side heat medium may be a liquid containing at least ethylene glycol, dimethylpolysiloxane, or nanofluid, or an antifreeze liquid.
  • the high-temperature side pump 51 is a heat medium pumping section in the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 that sucks in and pumps out the high-temperature side heat medium.
  • the discharge port side of the high-temperature side pump 51 is connected to the inlet side of the heat medium passage 42B in the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 via the high-temperature side heat medium flow path 53. Therefore, the high-temperature side pump 51 pumps out the high-temperature side heat medium to the inlet side of the heat medium passage 42B of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42.
  • the high-temperature side pump 51 is an electric water pump whose rotation speed, i.e., pumping capacity, is controlled by a control voltage output from the integrated ECU 90.
  • the heat medium inlet side of the heater core 52 is connected to the outlet side of the heat medium passage 42B in the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 via the high temperature side heat medium flow path 53.
  • the heater core 52 is arranged inside the casing of the indoor air conditioning unit.
  • the heater core 52 is a heating heat exchange section that exchanges heat between the high temperature side heat medium heated in the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 and the blown air.
  • the heater core 52 heats the blown air by dissipating heat possessed by the high temperature side heat medium to the blown air.
  • the suction side of the high temperature side pump 51 is connected to the heat medium outlet of the heater core 52.
  • the components of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42 and the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 use the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 as a heat source to heat the blown air, thereby heating the conditioned air.
  • the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 is a circuit that circulates the low-temperature side heat medium.
  • the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 employs the same type of fluid as the high-temperature side heat medium as the low-temperature side heat medium.
  • the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 includes the heat medium passage 46B of the first chiller 46, a first low-temperature side pump 61, and a battery heat exchanger 62.
  • the first low-temperature side pump 61 is a heat medium pump that sucks in and pumps the low-temperature side heat medium circulating through the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60.
  • the discharge port side of the first low-temperature side pump 61 is connected to the inlet side of the heat medium passage 46B in the first chiller 46 via the low-temperature side heat medium flow path 63. Therefore, the first low-temperature side pump 61 pumps the low-temperature side heat medium to the inlet side of the heat medium passage 46B in the first chiller 46.
  • the first low-temperature side pump 61 is an electric water pump whose rotation speed, i.e., pumping capacity, is controlled by a control voltage output from the integrated ECU 90.
  • the outlet side of the heat medium passage 46B in the first chiller 46 is connected to the heat medium inlet side of the battery heat exchanger 62 via a low-temperature heat medium flow path 63.
  • the battery heat exchanger 62 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the multiple battery cells that make up the HV battery 30 and the low-temperature heat medium.
  • the battery heat exchanger 62 is configured by forming a flow path through which the low-temperature heat medium flows within a battery case that houses multiple battery cells. Furthermore, the heat medium outlet of the battery heat exchanger 62 is connected to the intake side of the first low-temperature pump 61.
  • the battery heat exchange unit 62 and the HV battery 30 are depicted separately, but this is an example of how the drawing is depicted. As described above, the battery heat exchange unit 62 and the HV battery 30 are configured as an integral unit.
  • the components of the first chiller 46 and the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 can realize a temperature adjustment function that adjusts the temperature of the battery.
  • the HV battery 30 generates heat during charging and discharging.
  • the HV battery 30 has the characteristic that its output is likely to decrease at low temperatures and that it is likely to deteriorate at high temperatures. For this reason, the temperature of the HV battery 30 must be maintained within an appropriate temperature range.
  • the appropriate temperature range is, for example, 15°C or higher and 55°C or lower. Therefore, the thermal management system 100 cools the HV battery 30 when the temperature of the HV battery 30 rises.
  • the thermal management system 100 is capable of cooling the battery using the cold generated by the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 is a circuit that circulates the low-temperature side heat medium.
  • the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 can use the same type of fluid as the high-temperature side heat medium as the low-temperature side heat medium.
  • the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 includes the heat medium passage 47B of the second chiller 47, a second low-temperature side pump 71, and a cooler core 72.
  • the second low-temperature side pump 71 is a heat medium pump that sucks in and pumps the low-temperature side heat medium circulating through the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70.
  • the discharge port side of the second low-temperature side pump 71 is connected to the inlet side of the heat medium passage 47B in the second chiller 47 via the low-temperature side heat medium flow path 63. Therefore, the second low-temperature side pump 71 pumps the low-temperature side heat medium to the inlet side of the heat medium passage 47B in the second chiller 47.
  • the second low-temperature side pump 71 is an electric water pump whose rotation speed, i.e., pumping capacity, is controlled by a control voltage output from the integrated ECU 90.
  • the outlet side of the heat medium passage 47B in the second chiller 47 is connected to the heat medium inlet side of the cooler core 72 via the low-temperature heat medium flow path 63.
  • the cooler core 72 is a cooling heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the low-temperature heat medium circulating in the second low-temperature heat medium circuit 70 and the blown air supplied to the vehicle interior, which is the space to be air-conditioned, and cools the blown air.
  • the cooler core 72 is disposed inside the interior air conditioning unit.
  • the cooler core 72 absorbs heat from the blown air blown into the vehicle cabin into the low-temperature side heat medium.
  • the cooler core 72 corresponds to an example of a cooling section that cools the blown air.
  • the suction port side of the second low-temperature side pump 71 is connected to the heat medium outlet side of the cooler core 72.
  • the second chiller 47 and the components of the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 can cool the blown air using the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the second expansion valve 45 as a cold heat source.
  • the objects to be cooled in the thermal management system 100 according to this embodiment are air and the HV battery 30.
  • the state detection unit 80 detects a state related to the heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the state related to the heat of the refrigerant is the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the state detection unit 80 detects the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant as state values indicating the state related to the heat of the refrigerant.
  • the state detection unit 80 includes, for example, a first refrigerant temperature sensor 81, a second refrigerant temperature sensor 82, and a third refrigerant temperature sensor 83 to detect the temperature of the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the first refrigerant temperature sensor 81 is a refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41.
  • the first refrigerant temperature sensor 81 is disposed, for example, on the inlet side of the refrigerant passage 42A of the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42.
  • the second refrigerant temperature sensor 82 is a refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the low-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the first chiller 46.
  • the second refrigerant temperature sensor 82 is disposed, for example, on the outlet side of the refrigerant passage 46A of the first chiller 46.
  • the third refrigerant temperature sensor 83 is a refrigerant temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the low-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the second chiller 47.
  • the third refrigerant temperature sensor 83 is disposed, for example, on the outlet side of the refrigerant passage 47A of the second chiller 47.
  • the state detection unit 80 includes a refrigerant pressure sensor 84 to detect the pressure of the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the refrigerant pressure sensor 84 is disposed, for example, in the high-pressure side flow path 48A. Note that multiple refrigerant pressure sensors 84 may be disposed in the high-pressure side flow path 48A.
  • the heat management system 100 includes various control sensors in addition to the state detection unit 80.
  • the heat management system 100 includes, for example, a first heat medium temperature sensor, a second heat medium temperature sensor, a third heat medium temperature sensor, an inside air temperature sensor, an outside air temperature sensor, a solar radiation sensor, and an air conditioning air temperature sensor.
  • the first heat medium temperature sensor is a heat medium temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the high-temperature side heat medium circulating through the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50.
  • the first heat medium temperature sensor is disposed, for example, on the outlet side of the heat medium passage 42B in the heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42.
  • the second heat medium temperature sensor is a heat medium temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the low-temperature side heat medium circulating through the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60.
  • the second heat medium temperature sensor is disposed, for example, on the outlet side of the heat medium passage 46B in the first chiller 46.
  • the third heat medium temperature sensor is a heat medium temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the low-temperature side heat medium circulating through the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70.
  • the third heat medium temperature sensor is disposed, for example, on the outlet side of the heat medium passage 47B in the second chiller 47.
  • the interior air temperature sensor is an interior air temperature detection unit that detects the interior air temperature Tr, which is the temperature inside the vehicle cabin.
  • the exterior air temperature sensor is an exterior air temperature detection unit that detects the exterior air temperature Tam, which is the temperature outside the vehicle cabin.
  • the solar radiation sensor is a solar radiation amount detection unit that detects the amount of solar radiation As irradiated into the vehicle cabin.
  • the air conditioning air temperature sensor is an air conditioning air temperature detection unit that detects the temperature TAV of the air blown from the mixing space into the vehicle cabin.
  • the state detection unit 80 and various sensors output their detection results to the integrated ECU 90.
  • the detection timing of each sensor is set to be constant, regular, or irregular.
  • the integrated ECU 90 communicates with the host ECU 10, controls the operation of the MOT 41A of the compressor 41 of the refrigerant circuit 40, controls the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70, and communicates with the ECUs equipped with actuators included in each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70.
  • the integrated ECU 90 is composed of a well-known microcomputer including a processor 91, ROM, RAM, etc., and its peripheral circuits.
  • the integrated ECU 90 performs various calculations and processing based on the control programs stored in the ROM, and controls the operation of various controlled devices connected to the output side.
  • the integrated ECU 90 has a determination means for operating at least one of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and the refrigerant circuit 40 in accordance with the state of the refrigerant detected by the state detection unit 80.
  • the integrated ECU 90 has an operation request means for the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and an operation request means for the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the integrated ECU 90 obtains information about the heat-related state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 from the state detection unit 80.
  • the integrated ECU 90 controls the operation of various controlled devices based on the information obtained from the state detection unit 80 and various control sensors.
  • multiple sensors can obtain information on multiple refrigerant temperatures as a state related to the heat of the refrigerant. Therefore, the average value of the multiple temperatures can be used as the refrigerant temperature. Alternatively, one or more temperatures can be selectively used from the multiple refrigerant temperatures. Similarly, when multiple sensors obtain information on multiple refrigerant pressures, the average value of the multiple pressure values can be used as the pressure value. Alternatively, one or more pressure values can be selectively used from the multiple pressure values.
  • the various controlled devices include the compressor 41, the first expansion valve 44, the second expansion valve 45, the high temperature side pump 51, the first low temperature side pump 61, the second low temperature side pump 71, the indoor blower of the indoor air conditioning unit, the indoor/outdoor air switching device, the air mix door, etc.
  • an operation panel located near the instrument panel at the front of the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle is connected to the input side of the integrated ECU 90. Operation signals are input to the integrated ECU 90 from various operation switches provided on this operation panel.
  • the various operation switches provided on the operation panel include an auto switch, an air conditioner switch, an air volume setting switch, a temperature setting switch, etc.
  • the auto switch is an operation switch that sets or cancels the automatic control operation of the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the air conditioner switch is an operation switch that requests the cooler core 72 to cool the blown air.
  • the air volume setting switch is an operation switch that is operated to manually set the air volume of the interior blower.
  • the temperature setting switch is an operation switch that sets the target temperature Tset inside the vehicle cabin.
  • the integrated ECU 90 is an integrated control unit that controls the various controlled devices connected to its output side. Therefore, the configuration (i.e., hardware and software) that controls the operation of each controlled device constitutes a control unit that controls the operation of each controlled device.
  • the part of the integrated ECU 90 that controls the refrigerant discharge capacity (e.g., rotation speed) of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40 corresponds to a compressor control unit.
  • the part of the integrated ECU 90 that controls the amount of pressure reduction (i.e., the throttle opening) in the first expansion valve 44 and the second expansion valve 45 in the refrigerant circuit 40 corresponds to a pressure reduction control unit.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40, the state detection unit 80, and the integrated ECU 90 are integrated as a refrigerant circuit module 1.
  • integrated means that multiple components that make up the refrigerant circuit 40 are assembled and integrated in one place.
  • the components of the integrated refrigerant circuit 40 include a compressor 41, a heat medium refrigerant heat exchanger 42, a receiver 43, a first expansion valve 44, a second expansion valve 45, a first chiller 46, and a second chiller 47.
  • the above components can be integrated by assembling them to a plate-shaped flow path forming member in which a refrigerant flow path is formed. The arrangement of the components in the flow path forming member can be set as appropriate.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 By integrating the refrigerant circuit 40, all of the refrigerant is contained within the refrigerant circuit module 1. In other words, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 does not flow out of the integrated refrigerant circuit module 1, nor does it flow in from the outside.
  • the control program is processed by the processor 91 of the integrated ECU 90.
  • the integrated ECU 90 acquires the detected state of the refrigerant circuit 40 (step S10). That is, the integrated ECU 90 acquires information on the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant from the state detection unit 80 as state values indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant detected in the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the integrated ECU 90 determines whether the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit module 1 is stopped and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 is left in a high temperature state (step S11).
  • the refrigerant is only present in the location where the components of the refrigerant circuit module 1 are integrated, so that leaving the refrigerant circuit module 1 at a high temperature causes the refrigerant pressure to rise to a level corresponding to the temperature of the refrigerant circuit module 1.
  • a high temperature state of the refrigerant refers to a refrigerant temperature of, for example, 120°C or higher.
  • a high temperature state of the refrigerant refers to a refrigerant pressure of, for example, 3 MPa or higher.
  • the state of the refrigerant circuit 40 may be said to be high temperature and high pressure.
  • the integrated ECU 90 compares the refrigerant temperature with the first judgment threshold. Therefore, the state detection unit 80 detects at least the refrigerant temperature as a state value indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant.
  • the first judgment threshold is a threshold set for the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the first judgment threshold is a threshold for determining whether or not the compressor 41 of the refrigerant circuit 40 can be operated at normal output.
  • the first judgment threshold is set in the integrated ECU 90 in advance.
  • the pressure of the refrigerant may be compared with a first judgment threshold to determine whether the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 has been left in a high temperature state.
  • the first judgment threshold is set for the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the state detection unit 80 only needs to detect at least the pressure of the refrigerant as a state value indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant.
  • a comparison value derived from both the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant may be compared with the first determination threshold.
  • the comparison value is set, for example, based on a correlation map between the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant. Therefore, the first determination threshold in this case is set with respect to the comparison value.
  • the integrated ECU 90 operates the refrigerant circuit module 1 normally (step S12). That is, the integrated ECU 90 operates the refrigerant circuit 40 and each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70 in accordance with an operation request from the host ECU 10 or an operation signal from the operation panel of the electric vehicle.
  • the integrated ECU 90 operates in such a way that the output of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40 is not suppressed. Operation that does not suppress the output of the compressor 41 is operation that allows the compressor 41 to exert its maximum output. In other words, operation that does not reduce the capacity of the compressor 41. After this, the integrated ECU 90 returns to the beginning of the flowchart in FIG. 2.
  • step S10 if the refrigerant temperature is equal to or higher than the first judgment threshold (step S10), the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit module 1 is stopped and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 is left in a high temperature state.
  • the integrated ECU 90 operates the refrigerant circuit module 1 according to a preset operation based on the detected state (step S13).
  • the preset operation based on the state detection is at least one of the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 includes a case where only the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 is operated, a case where only the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 is operated, and a case where only the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 is operated.
  • the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 includes a case where the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 and the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 are operated, a case where the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 are operated, and a case where the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 are operated.
  • each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 includes a case where all of the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50, the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 are operated.
  • each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 may be operated at normal output or at a reduced output.
  • Operation with reduced output of the compressor 41 refers to operation that suppresses increases in the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant when the compressor 41 is operated.
  • the compressor 41 is operated with limited output.
  • the compressor 41 is operated with a rotation speed that is lower than that during normal operation.
  • the rotation speed may be constant or may be changed in stages.
  • the integrated ECU 90 simultaneously operates the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and suppresses the output of the compressor 41.
  • each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and the refrigerant circuit 40 may be calculated by the integrated ECU 90, and the operation with the highest efficiency may be selected based on the calculation results. If the efficiency due to differences in operation cannot be calculated in the initial stopped state, each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 may be operated, and then the effect of lowering the refrigerant pressure due to the operating state may be evaluated to select the operation of each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the operation may be changed according to the temperature and pressure conditions of the refrigerant. This allows the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70 to operate with high efficiency and reduces the startup delay of the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the integrated ECU 90 can cool the refrigerant using each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70, or operate the refrigerant circuit 40 in stages, thereby lowering the refrigerant temperature and refrigerant pressure. This makes it possible to start the compressor 41 even if the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 is left at a high temperature.
  • the integrated ECU 90 returns to the beginning of the flowchart in FIG. 2 and repeats the process.
  • the integrated ECU 90 again obtains a state detection result from the state detection unit 80, and operates the compressor 41 normally if the refrigerant temperature is below the first determination threshold, and operates with the output of the compressor 41 suppressed if the refrigerant temperature is equal to or higher than the first determination threshold.
  • the integrated ECU 90 acquires the state related to the heat of the refrigerant from the state detection unit 80 when the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit module 1 is stopped and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 is left in a high temperature state.
  • the integrated ECU 90 executes at least one of the operations of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40 according to the acquired state related to the heat of the refrigerant.
  • the integrated ECU 90 operates the refrigerant circuit module 1 normally by performing an operation that does not suppress the output of the compressor 41 based on the state related to the heat of the refrigerant acquired from the state detection unit 80, that is, an operation that can be maximized.
  • the state detection unit 80 detects either or both of the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant as state values indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant. In this way, since the state detection unit 80 directly detects either or both of the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, it is possible to make a highly accurate judgment against the judgment threshold value. Therefore, it is possible to realize more appropriate operation of the compressor 41 in the integrated ECU 90.
  • the integrated ECU 90 may estimate either or both of the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant as state values indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant based on the detection value detected by the state detection unit 80. In this way, even in a configuration in which the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant cannot be directly detected, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant can be obtained as a state related to the heat of the refrigerant.
  • the state value indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant may be obtained by measuring the temperature of a location in the thermal management system 100 that is correlated with the refrigerant.
  • the ambient temperature may be used. Any temperature that is correlated in the storage state may be used.
  • the heat management system 100 may not include all of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70.
  • the heat management system 100 may be configured to include only the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 as the heat medium circuit.
  • the heat management system 100 may be configured to include only the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 as the heat medium circuit.
  • the heat management system 100 may be configured to include only the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 as the heat medium circuit.
  • the heat management system 100 may also be configured to include the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 and the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 as the heat medium circuit.
  • the heat management system 100 may be configured to include the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 as the heat medium circuit.
  • the heat management system 100 may be configured to include the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60 and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 as the heat medium circuit.
  • the integrated ECU 90 corresponds to the control device. Also, each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70 corresponds to a heat medium circuit.
  • the integrated ECU 90 has a plurality of determination thresholds for state values indicating states related to the heat of the refrigerant. Specifically, the integrated ECU 90 has a first determination threshold for state values indicating states related to the heat of the refrigerant and a second determination threshold that is greater than the first determination threshold.
  • the first judgment threshold is a threshold for determining whether the compressor 41 of the refrigerant circuit 40 cannot be operated at all.
  • the second judgment threshold is a threshold for determining whether the refrigerant circuit 40 can be operated in combination with each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70.
  • the first judgment threshold and the second judgment threshold are set for the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the pressure of the refrigerant is used as the state value indicating the state related to the heat of the refrigerant, or when a comparison value derived from both the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant is used.
  • steps S20, S21, and S22 are the same as those in steps S10, S11, and S12 shown in FIG. 2.
  • step S21 it is determined whether or not the compressor 41 of the refrigerant circuit 40 cannot be operated at all.
  • the refrigerant temperature is used as a state value indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant temperature is equal to or higher than the first judgment threshold.
  • the refrigerant circuit 40 cannot operate at full output. Therefore, it is necessary to operate each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 or the refrigerant circuit 40 to lower the refrigerant temperature and pressure.
  • step S21 When the integrated ECU 90 determines based on the first determination threshold that the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 40 has been left in a high temperature state (step S21), operating only the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70 will delay the start of the refrigerant circuit 40, which will delay the output of the refrigerant circuit 40. Therefore, when the refrigerant temperature is equal to or higher than the first determination threshold, the integrated ECU 90 determines whether the refrigerant temperature is equal to or higher than the second determination threshold (step S23).
  • the integrated ECU 90 operates the refrigerant circuit module 1 according to a preset operation based on the detected state (step S24).
  • the preset operation based on the state detection by the state detection unit 80 is both the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70, and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 and the refrigerant circuit 40 is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the refrigerant circuit module 1 can be efficiently transitioned to a predetermined condition.
  • the integrated ECU 90 operates the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 (step S25).
  • the integrated ECU 90 may operate only the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, or may operate only the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70.
  • the integrated ECU 90 may selectively operate any one of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70. Each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 may be operated at normal output or at reduced output. After this, the integrated ECU 90 returns to the beginning of the flowchart in FIG. 3 and repeats the process.
  • the integrated ECU 90 has multiple judgment thresholds for state values indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant, and can control the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 and the operation of the refrigerant circuit 40 based on the relationship between the state related to the heat of the refrigerant and the multiple judgment thresholds.
  • the judgment thresholds for state values indicating a state related to the heat of the refrigerant are not limited to two.
  • the judgment thresholds may be set to three or more. This allows the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 and the operation of the refrigerant circuit 40 to be finely set according to the state of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant circuit module 1 is configured by integrally integrating a refrigerant circuit 40, a state detection unit 80, each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70, an integrated ECU 90, and a host ECU 10.
  • the processor 11 of the host ECU 10 may perform the processes shown in Figures 2 and 3. That is, the host ECU 10 performs at least one of the operations of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70 and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the host ECU 10 may perform the processes shown in Figures 2 and 3 and issue a request to the integrated ECU 90 to operate each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and the refrigerant circuit 40.
  • the integrated ECU 90 causes the integrated ECU 90 to operate each of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, 70 and the refrigerant circuit 40 in accordance with the operation request from the host ECU 10.
  • the upper ECU 10 corresponds to the control device.
  • the configurations of the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50, the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 in the thermal management system 100 to which the refrigerant circuit module 1 is applied are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50, the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 are configured so that the heat medium circulates independently, but the present invention is not limited to this form.
  • at least two of the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50, the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 may be connected so that the heat medium can flow in and out.
  • the components arranged in the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50, the first low-temperature side heat medium circuit 60, and the second low-temperature side heat medium circuit 70 are not limited to the aspects of the above-mentioned embodiment. It is possible to add or change the components of the heat medium circuits 50, 60, and 70 according to the circuit configuration of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, and 70.
  • a high-temperature side radiator and a flow rate adjustment valve may be added, and the heat of the heat medium of the high-temperature side heat medium circuit 50 that is surplus heat due to heating in the heater core 52 may be radiated by the high-temperature side radiator.
  • the integrated ECU 90 and the host ECU 10 may receive update programs from an external server via communication means. This allows, for example, changes to be made to the control contents of the operation of each heat medium circuit 50, 60, 70 and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor 41 in the refrigerant circuit 40. Of course, other control contents can also be updated.
  • a refrigerant circuit having a compressor (41) in which a refrigerant circulates in response to the operation of the compressor; a state detection unit (80) for detecting a state related to the heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit; a heat medium circuit (50, 60, 70) connected to the refrigerant circuit and through which a heat medium capable of heat exchange with the refrigerant circulates;
  • a control device (10, 90) that operates the compressor of the refrigerant circuit and the heat medium circuit; Including, the refrigerant circuit, the state detection unit, and the control device are integrated into a refrigerant circuit module (1), and all of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is contained within the refrigerant circuit module;
  • the control device includes: When the compressor is stopped in the refrigerant circuit module and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is left in a high temperature state, acquiring
  • (Item 2) 2. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the control device has a plurality of judgment thresholds for state values indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant, and performs at least one of operation of the heat medium circuit and operation of reducing output of the compressor in the refrigerant circuit based on a relationship between the heat-related state of the refrigerant and the plurality of judgment thresholds.
  • the control device includes: a first determination threshold for a state value indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant, and a second determination threshold greater than the first determination threshold; When the state value is less than the first determination threshold value, the refrigerant circuit module is operated normally; When the state value is equal to or greater than the first determination threshold and less than the second determination threshold, both of the operation of the heat medium circuit and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor in the refrigerant circuit are performed, 2.
  • the thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein when the state value is equal to or greater than the second determination threshold, the heat medium circuit is operated. (Item 4) 4.
  • the thermal management system according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the state detection unit detects one or both of a temperature and a pressure of the refrigerant as a state value indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant.
  • (Item 5) 4.
  • the control device estimates one or both of a temperature and a pressure of the refrigerant as a state value indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant based on a detection value detected by the state detection unit.
  • the refrigerant circuit, the state detection unit, the heat medium circuit, and the control device are integrated as the refrigerant circuit module.
  • a refrigerant circuit (40) having a compressor (41) in which a refrigerant circulates in response to the operation of the compressor; a state detection unit (80) for detecting a state related to the heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit; a heat medium circuit (50, 60, 70) connected to the refrigerant circuit and through which a heat medium capable of heat exchange with the refrigerant circulates; [0023]
  • the refrigerant circuit and the state detection unit are integrated together as a refrigerant circuit module (1), and all of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is contained within the refrigerant circuit module;
  • (Item 8) 8. The control device according to item 7, further comprising: a plurality of determination thresholds for a state value indicating a heat-related state of the refrigerant; and performing at least one of an operation of the heat medium circuit and an operation of suppressing an output of the compressor in the refrigerant circuit based on a relationship between the heat-related state of the refrigerant and the plurality of determination thresholds.
  • the refrigerant circuit module When the state value is less than the first determination threshold value, the refrigerant circuit module is operated normally;
  • the state value is equal to or greater than the first determination threshold and less than the second determination threshold, both of the operation of the heat medium circuit and the operation of suppressing the output of the compressor in the refrigerant circuit are performed, 8.
  • the control device according to item 7, wherein when the state value is equal to or greater than the second determination threshold value, the heat medium circuit is operated. (Item 10) 10.
  • the control device according to any one of items 7 to 9, wherein the state detection unit detects one or both of a temperature and a pressure of the refrigerant as a state value indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant.
  • the state detection unit detects one or both of a temperature and a pressure of the refrigerant as a state value indicating the heat-related state of the refrigerant.
  • the control device determines whether the control device is integrated together with the refrigerant circuit, the state detection unit, and the heat medium circuit as the refrigerant circuit module.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
PCT/JP2024/004766 2023-03-22 2024-02-13 熱マネジメントシステム、制御装置 WO2024195355A1 (ja)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015024806A (ja) * 2013-06-18 2015-02-05 株式会社デンソー 車両用熱管理システム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015024806A (ja) * 2013-06-18 2015-02-05 株式会社デンソー 車両用熱管理システム

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