WO2024172004A1 - エルゴチオネインを含有する更年期症状の予防又は改善用組成物 - Google Patents
エルゴチオネインを含有する更年期症状の予防又は改善用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/175—Amino acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4172—Imidazole-alkanecarboxylic acids, e.g. histidine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/10—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for impotence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/12—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for climacteric disorders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/14—Drugs for dermatological disorders for baldness or alopecia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition containing ergothioneine for preventing or improving menopausal symptoms.
- Menopausal symptoms are caused by a decrease in the secretion of male or female hormones.
- women it is a disease that appears for about 2 to 10 years before and after menopause due to a decrease in estrogen secretion caused by ovarian aging, and induces symptoms such as high fever, sweating, insomnia, depression, urinary incontinence, hair loss, muscle pain and osteoporosis.
- a decrease in blood testosterone induces the above symptoms as well as symptoms such as decreased erectile function, decreased libido, urinary problems and abnormal blood cholesterol metabolism.
- hormone replacement therapy and non-steroidal preparations have been developed, and currently hormone replacement therapy is used as the most effective method.
- hormones are administered for a long period of time, there is a risk of side effects such as cancer risk, headaches, and weight gain.
- side effects such as cancer risk, headaches, and weight gain.
- safer ingredients that can prevent or improve menopausal symptoms and can be ingested daily as food and beverages.
- Ergothioneine is an amino acid found in mushrooms and other organisms, and exists naturally in the L-form.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that applying an extract from mushroom fruiting bodies containing ergothioneine, niacin, and pantothenic acid to the top of the head has been shown to have a hair-growth effect.
- Patent Document 1 makes no mention of the hair growth effect of ergothioneine alone or its effect on menopausal symptoms.
- the present invention aims to provide a composition for preventing or improving menopausal symptoms.
- L-ergothioneine or a salt thereof has the effect of preventing or improving menopausal symptoms.
- the present invention relates to the following compositions for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms.
- a composition for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms comprising ergothioneine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the menopausal symptoms are at least one symptom selected from the group consisting of muscle pain, erectile dysfunction, decreased urogenital function, decreased hair volume and/or quality, and decreased sexual energy.
- the climacteric symptoms are male climacteric symptoms.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [3] above which prevents or improves menopausal symptoms via an ATP-sensitive potassium channel.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [4] above which inhibits phosphodiesterase 5 or phosphodiesterase 7A1.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [5] above which is an oral composition.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [6] above which is a food or drink.
- composition according to any one of [1] to [7] above, which is labeled with at least one function selected from the group consisting of "preventing menopausal symptoms”, “ameliorating menopausal symptoms”, “supporting hormone deficiency in middle-aged and elderly people”, “improving reproductive function in middle-aged and elderly people”, “ameliorating urinary disorders in middle-aged and elderly people”, “preventing hair loss in middle-aged and elderly people”, “ameliorating hair loss in middle-aged and elderly people” and “ameliorating decreased sexual energy in middle-aged and elderly people”.
- a method for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms which comprises administering ergothioneine or a salt thereof to a subject.
- the present invention provides a composition for preventing or improving menopausal symptoms.
- FIG. 1 is a graph evaluating the inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine against phosphodiesterase 5.
- FIG. 2 is a graph evaluating the inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine against phosphodiesterase 7A1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph evaluating the substrate binding inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel.
- the composition for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms of the present invention contains ergothioneine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the composition for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms of the present invention is also referred to as the composition of the present invention.
- Ergothioneine is a type of sulfur-containing amino acid.
- ergothioneine is preferably L-ergothioneine.
- the salt of ergothioneine is not particularly limited as long as it is a pharmacologically acceptable salt or a salt acceptable for food and drink, and may be either an acid salt or a basic salt.
- acid salts include inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate; organic acid salts such as acetate, citrate, maleate, malate, oxalate, lactate, succinate, fumarate, and propionate.
- basic salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt.
- Ergothioneine or its salts are not limited in any way by their form or manufacturing method. Ergothioneine or its salts may be chemically synthesized or extracted and purified from natural products. L-ergothioneine is found in large amounts in Golden/Yellow Oyster Mushroom (scientific name: Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus), a mushroom of the Pleurotus genus in the Pleurotus family.
- L-ergothioneine is found in white button mushrooms, crimini mushrooms, portabella mushrooms, and other mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), grey oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes), and maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa). dosa), Ganoderma lucidum, Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus), Yanagimatsutake (Agrocybe aegerita), Chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius), Porcini (Boletus edulis), and Morchella esculenta are also found in mushrooms. When obtaining L-ergothioneine from natural products, it is preferable to extract it from Tamogitake mushroom. Ergothioneine or a salt thereof can also be produced by microbial fermentation. Ergothioneine or a salt thereof may be isolated.
- L-ergothioneine or its salts are compounds that are found in natural products and foods and beverages, and are consumed as food. For this reason, from the standpoint of safety, it is believed that ergothioneine or its salts pose few problems, even when taken over a long period of time. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly safe composition for preventing or improving menopausal symptoms.
- Menopausal symptoms are induced by a decrease in the secretion of male or female hormones, and the symptoms are diverse. Therefore, a composition for preventing or improving menopausal symptoms is desired to have multiple effects.
- the above-mentioned menopausal symptoms are preferably at least one symptom selected from the group consisting of muscle pain, erectile dysfunction, urogenital dysfunction, decreased hair volume and/or quality, and decreased energy. Examples of urogenital dysfunction include dysuria. Decreased energy refers to a decline in mental and physical activity.
- the above-mentioned menopausal symptoms may be male climacteric symptoms or female climacteric symptoms, but are preferably male climacteric symptoms. Examples of male climacteric symptoms include, but are not limited to, the symptoms exemplified above.
- L-ergothioneine has the effect of inhibiting substrate binding to the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel, and also has the effect of inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and phosphodiesterase 7A1 (PDE7A1). It is known that the opening of vascular smooth muscle ATP-sensitive potassium channels improves blood flow in hair tissue. It is also known that the opening of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels suppresses apoptosis of hair matrix cells. It is also known that the opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels promotes proliferation of hair papilla cells. Thus, ergothioneine or a salt thereof can improve the loss of hair volume and/or quality via K ATP channels.
- inhibition of PDE7A1 suppresses cytokine production and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect. It is also known that inhibition of substrate binding to the K ATP channel causes the K ATP channel to open and dilate blood vessels. Suppression of inflammation prevents or improves muscle pain. It is also believed that dilation of blood vessels improves blood flow and prevents or improves muscle pain. Therefore, ergothioneine or a salt thereof can prevent or improve muscle pain by inhibiting PDE7A1 and/or by acting via the K ATP channel.
- composition of the present invention is used to prevent or ameliorate menopausal symptoms.
- Prevention of symptoms includes preventing onset, delaying onset, reducing the incidence, reducing the risk of onset, etc.
- Amelioration of symptoms includes recovering a subject from the symptoms, alleviating symptoms, improving symptoms, delaying or preventing the progression of symptoms, etc. Recovery includes partial recovery.
- the composition of the present invention may be either an oral composition or a parenteral composition, but is preferably an oral composition.
- Specific examples of the oral composition include food and drink, oral medicines, quasi-drugs, etc., preferably food and drink or oral medicines, more preferably food and drink.
- the composition of the present invention may be a material or preparation to be used by being blended with food and drink, medicine, quasi-drug, etc.
- compositions of the present invention can be used for either therapeutic (medical) or non-therapeutic (non-medical) purposes.
- Non-therapeutic is a concept that does not include medical procedures, i.e., surgery, treatment, or diagnosis of humans.
- composition of the present invention may contain any additives and any components in addition to ergothioneine or a salt thereof, so long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. These additives and components may be selected depending on the form of the composition, etc.
- additives that can generally be used in oral compositions such as foods and beverages, pharmaceuticals, and quasi-drugs may be used.
- the method for producing it is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by a general method.
- the form of the oral composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a solid (powder, granules, tablet, etc.), liquid, paste, etc.
- various foods and drinks can be made by blending ergothioneine or a salt thereof with ingredients that can be used in foods and drinks (e.g., food ingredients, food additives used as necessary, etc.).
- the foods and drinks are not particularly limited, and examples include general foods and drinks, health foods, health supplements, health drinks, functional foods, foods for specified health uses, and foods and drinks for sick people.
- the above health foods, health supplements, functional foods, foods for specified health uses, etc. can be used in various formulation forms, such as fine granules, tablets, granules, powders, capsules, chewable agents, dry syrups, syrups, liquids, beverages, drinks, and liquid diets.
- composition of the present invention when used as a drug or quasi-drug, for example, ergothioneine or a salt thereof can be mixed with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier and additives added as necessary to produce a drug or quasi-drug in various dosage forms.
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier such as, for example, ergothioneine or a salt thereof
- Such carriers, additives, etc. may be any pharmacologically acceptable carriers that can be used in drugs or quasi-drugs, and examples of such carriers, additives, etc. include one or more of excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, antioxidants, colorants, etc.
- dosage forms for drugs or quasi-drugs include oral and non-oral (transdermal, transmucosal, enteral, injection, etc.) administration forms.
- composition of the present invention When the composition of the present invention is used as a drug or quasi-drug, it is preferable to use an oral drug or oral quasi-drug.
- dosage forms for oral administration of drugs or quasi-drugs include liquids, tablets, powders, fine granules, granules, sugar-coated tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, chewables, etc.
- Dosage forms for parenteral administration include, for example, injections, drops, ointments, lotions, patches, suppositories, nasal preparations, and pulmonary preparations (inhalants).
- the subject to which the composition of the present invention is ingested or administered is not particularly limited, and is preferably a human.
- the subject of administration includes a subject who needs or desires to prevent or improve menopausal symptoms. Examples of such subjects include middle-aged and elderly people.
- the composition of the present invention is suitably used as a composition for preventing or improving menopausal symptoms for middle-aged and elderly people.
- Middle-aged and elderly people include elderly people. Elderly people may be, for example, humans aged 60 years or older or 65 years or older.
- Middle-aged and elderly people may be, for example, humans aged 40 years or older.
- subjects are preferably aged 40 years or older and 70 years or younger.
- the subject of administration may be a healthy person.
- the composition of the present invention can also be used for healthy people, for example, for the purpose of preventing or improving menopausal symptoms.
- a particularly preferred subject is a healthy human aged 45 years or older and 65 years or younger.
- the content of ergothioneine or a salt thereof in the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be set depending on the form, etc.
- the content of ergothioneine or a salt thereof in the composition of the present invention, calculated as ergothioneine, is, for example, preferably 0.0001% by weight or more, more preferably 0.001% by weight or more, and is preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less.
- the content of ergothioneine or a salt thereof in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 90% by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 50% by weight, calculated as ergothioneine.
- the content of ergothioneine or a salt thereof can be measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
- the amount converted into ergothioneine or a similar expression means the amount of ergothioneine, and in the case of a salt of ergothioneine, means the value obtained by multiplying the number of moles of the salt by the molecular weight of ergothioneine.
- composition of the present invention can be ingested or administered in a suitable manner according to its form.
- the composition of the present invention is preferably ingested orally (administered orally).
- the dosage (which can also be called the intake amount) of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be an amount that provides an effect of preventing or improving menopausal symptoms, and may be set appropriately according to the dosage form, administration method, subject weight, etc.
- the dosage when the composition of the present invention is orally ingested or administered to a human (adult), the dosage is preferably 2 mg or more, more preferably 5 mg or more, even more preferably 7 mg or more, and preferably 50 mg or less, more preferably 25 mg or less, and even more preferably 20 mg or less, per day, as the dosage of ergothioneine or a salt thereof (in ergothioneine equivalent). In one embodiment, the dosage of the composition of the present invention is preferably 2 to 50 mg, more preferably 5 to 25 mg, even more preferably 5 to 20 mg, and even more preferably 7 to 20 mg, per day, as the dosage of ergothioneine or a salt thereof (in ergothioneine equivalent), for a human (adult).
- the above amount it is preferable to ingest or administer the above amount once or more times a day, for example, once a day or in several divided doses (for example, 2 to 3 times). In one embodiment, it is preferable to orally ingest or administer the above amount of ergothioneine or a salt thereof to a human.
- the above dosage may be per 60 kg of body weight. In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention can be used to ingest or administer the above amount of ergothioneine or a salt thereof per 60 kg of body weight per day to a human.
- composition of the present invention preferably contains 2 to 50 mg of ergothioneine or a salt thereof per daily intake for an adult, more preferably 5 to 25 mg, even more preferably 5 to 20 mg, and particularly preferably 7 to 20 mg, of ergothioneine.
- composition of the present invention may be labeled with, for example, a function of preventing or improving menopausal symptoms, or a function exerted by said function.
- the label may be labeled with a function of preventing or improving muscle pain, preventing or improving erectile dysfunction, preventing or improving urogenital dysfunction, preventing or improving hair volume and/or quality loss, or preventing or improving sexual dysfunction.
- the composition of the present invention may be labeled with at least one function selected from the group consisting of, for example, "preventing menopausal symptoms,””ameliorating menopausal symptoms,””supporting hormone deficiency in middle-aged and elderly people,””improving reproductive function in middle-aged and elderly people,””ameliorating urinary disorders in middle-aged and elderly people,””preventing hair loss in middle-aged and elderly people,””ameliorating hair loss in middle-aged and elderly people,” and “ameliorating decreased sexual energy in middle-aged and elderly people.”
- the composition of the present invention is preferably a food or drink to which the above-mentioned label is attached.
- the above-mentioned label may be a label indicating that the composition is used to obtain the above-mentioned function.
- the above-mentioned label may be attached to the composition itself, or to a container or packaging of the composition.
- ergothioneine or a salt thereof inhibits substrate binding to a K ATP channel. Therefore, ergothioneine or a salt thereof can also be used as an active ingredient for inhibiting substrate binding to a K ATP channel.
- a composition for inhibiting substrate binding to a K ATP channel, which contains ergothioneine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, is also one aspect of the present invention.
- ergothioneine or a salt thereof inhibits phosphodiesterase 5 or phosphodiesterase 7A1. Therefore, ergothioneine or a salt thereof can also be used as an active ingredient for inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5 or an active ingredient for inhibiting phosphodiesterase 7A1.
- a composition for inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5 containing ergothioneine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient also constitutes the present invention.
- a composition for inhibiting phosphodiesterase 7A1 containing ergothioneine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient also constitutes the present invention.
- the present invention also encompasses the following methods.
- a method for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms which comprises administering ergothioneine or a salt thereof to a subject.
- the methods may be therapeutic or non-therapeutic.
- the present invention also encompasses the following uses: Use of ergothioneine or a salt thereof for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms.
- the use may be a therapeutic use or a non-therapeutic use.
- By administering ergothioneine or a salt thereof to a subject it is possible to prevent or ameliorate menopausal symptoms.
- ergothioneine or a salt thereof is the same as that of the composition of the present invention described above.
- ergothioneine or a salt thereof one type of ergothioneine or a salt thereof may be used, or two or more types may be used.
- the above use is preferably for humans.
- ergothioneine or a salt thereof may be used in an amount that provides the desired effect (which may also be referred to as an effective amount).
- the preferred dosage and administration subjects of ergothioneine or a salt thereof are the same as those of the composition of the present invention described above.
- Ergothioneine or a salt thereof may be administered as is, or as a composition containing it.
- the composition of the present invention described above may be used.
- the present invention also includes use of ergothioneine or a salt thereof for producing a composition for preventing or ameliorating menopausal symptoms.
- the present invention also relates to ergothioneine or a salt thereof for use in the prevention or amelioration of menopausal symptoms.
- a numerical range expressed by a lower limit and an upper limit includes the lower limit and the upper limit.
- a range expressed by "1 to 2" means 1 to 2, including 1 and 2.
- the upper and lower limits may be in any combination.
- Example 1 Evaluation of phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity
- PDE5 phosphodiesterase 5
- PDE7A1 phosphodiesterase 7A1
- PDE5 PDE5 isolated from human platelets (Eurofins Cerep) was used. 60 ng of PDE5 was incubated with L-ergothioneine (L-ergothioneine concentration: 100 ⁇ M or 1000 ⁇ M) at 22° C. for 30 minutes in a buffer containing 44 mM Tris/HCl (pH 7.4), 3 mM MgCl 2 , 1.04 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 0.03% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 2% glycerol, 200 mM NH 4 Cl, and 0.1 ⁇ M Ci[ 3 H]cGMP.
- L-ergothioneine concentration 100 ⁇ M or 1000 ⁇ M
- PDE7A1 Human recombinant PDE7A1 (Eurofins Cerep) expressed in insect cells was used. 0.6 U of PDE7A1 was incubated with L-ergothioneine (L-ergothioneine concentration: 100 ⁇ M, 1000 ⁇ M) in a buffer containing 40 mM Tris/HCl (pH 7.4), 8 mM MgCl 2 and 0.035 ⁇ M Ci [ 3 H]cAMP at 22° C. for 30 minutes.
- FIG. 1 is a graph evaluating the inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine against phosphodiesterase 5.
- FIG. 2 is a graph evaluating the inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine against phosphodiesterase 7A1.
- the concentration ( ⁇ M) on the horizontal axis in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is the concentration of L-ergothioneine.
- L-ergothioneine exhibited inhibitory activity against PDE5 and PDE7A1.
- PDE5 is known to increase blood flow and oxygen supply by vasodilating and relaxing smooth muscles, and to improve urogenital dysfunction such as dysuria due to prostatic hyperplasia, and to improve erectile dysfunction.
- PDE5 improves stamina, and it is presumed to have a preventive or improving effect against menopausal sexual decline.
- inhibition of PDE7A1 suppresses cytokine production, exerts an anti-inflammatory effect, and prevents or improves muscle pain. Therefore, it is presumed that L-ergothioneine exerts the above-mentioned effects by inhibiting PDE5 and PDE7A1.
- Example 2 (Assessment of substrate binding inhibitory activity of ATP-sensitive potassium channel) To evaluate the molecular target on which L-ergothioneine acts, an in vitro assay for the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel was performed. The in vitro assay was performed under contract to Eurofins Panlabs. The test was performed as follows.
- the membrane fraction was filtered and washed, and the substrate binding inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine was evaluated using radioactivity as an indicator.
- the radioactivity of the membrane fraction increases when there is a large amount of [ 3 H]glibenclamide bound to the K ATP channel.
- FIG. 3 is a graph evaluating the substrate binding inhibitory activity of L-ergothioneine to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel.
- the horizontal axis indicates the concentration ( ⁇ M) of L-ergothioneine.
- the substrate binding inhibitory activity (%) of the K ATP channel was determined by the following procedure. The radioactivity of the membrane fraction in the reaction solution not containing L-ergothioneine (control) was taken as 100%, and the relative activity (%) of the membrane fraction in the reaction solution to which L-ergothioneine was added (100 ⁇ M or 1000 ⁇ M) relative to the control was determined from the radioactivity of the membrane fraction in the reaction solution to which L-ergothioneine was added.
- the radioactivity of the membrane fraction is weakened. Then, the substrate binding inhibitory activity (%) of the K ATP channel was determined by subtracting the relative activity (%) of the membrane fraction in the control when L-ergothioneine was added from the radioactivity (100%) of the membrane fraction.
- L-ergothioneine exhibited binding inhibitory activity against the substrate glivenclamide against the ATP-sensitive potassium channel. It is known that the opening of the vascular smooth muscle ATP-sensitive potassium channel improves blood flow in hair tissue. It is also known that the opening of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibits apoptosis of hair matrix cells. It is also known that the opening of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel promotes proliferation of hair papilla cells. Thus, it is presumed that L-ergothioneine improves the loss of hair volume and/or quality via the ATP-sensitive potassium channel. It is also known that when substrate binding to the K ATP channel is inhibited, the K ATP channel opens and blood vessels dilate. It is believed that blood flow improves as a result of blood vessel dilation, and muscle pain is prevented or ameliorated. Therefore, it is presumed that L-ergothioneine prevents or ameliorate muscle pain via the ATP-sensitive potassium channel.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を有効成分として含有する、更年期症状の予防又は改善用組成物。
〔2〕上記更年期症状が、筋肉の疼痛、勃起力低下、泌尿生殖器機能低下、頭髪の毛量及び/又は質の低下並びに精力低下からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの症状である、上記〔1〕に記載の組成物。
〔3〕上記更年期症状が、男性更年期症状である、上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の組成物。
〔4〕ATP感受性カリウムチャネルを介して更年期症状を予防又は改善する、上記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の組成物。
〔5〕ホスホジエステラーゼ5又はホスホジエステラーゼ7A1を阻害する、上記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の組成物。
〔6〕経口用組成物である上記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の組成物。
〔7〕飲食品である上記〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の組成物。
〔8〕「更年期の症状を予防する」、「更年期の症状を改善する」、「中高年のホルモン不足をサポートする」、「中高年の生殖機能を改善する」、「中高年の排尿障害を改善する」、「中高年の抜毛を予防する」、「中高年の抜毛を改善する」及び「中高年の精力低下を改善する」からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの機能の表示を付した、上記〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載の組成物。
〔9〕エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を対象に投与する、更年期症状の予防又は改善方法。
〔10〕更年期症状を予防又は改善するための、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩の使用。
エルゴチオネインは、含硫アミノ酸の一種である。本発明において、エルゴチオネインは、好ましくはL-エルゴチオネインである。
エルゴチオネインの塩としては、薬理学的に許容される塩又は飲食品に許容される塩であれば特に限定されず、酸性塩及び塩基性塩のいずれであってもよい。酸性塩として、例えば、塩酸塩、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩等の無機酸塩;酢酸塩、クエン酸塩、マレイン酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、シュウ酸塩、乳酸塩、コハク酸塩、フマル酸塩、プロピオン酸塩等の有機酸塩等が挙げられる。塩基性塩として、例えば、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩;カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩等のアルカリ土類金属塩等が挙げられる。
上記更年期症状は、筋肉の疼痛、勃起力低下、泌尿生殖器機能低下、頭髪の毛量及び/又は質の低下並びに精力低下からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの症状であることが好ましい。泌尿生殖器機能低下としては、例えば排尿障害が挙げられる。精力低下とは、精神や肉体の活動する力が衰えることをいう。本発明において、上記更年期症状は男性更年期症状又は女性更年期症状であってよいが、男性更年期症状であることが好ましい。男性更年期症状としては、上記に例示した症状が挙げられるが、この限りではない。
血管平滑筋ATP感受性カリウムチャネルの開口により、毛組織の血流が改善すると知られている。また、ミトコンドリアATP感受性カリウムチャネルの開口が、毛母細胞のアポトーシスを抑制することも分かっている。さらに、ATP感受性カリウムチャネルの開口が、毛乳頭細胞を増殖させることも分かっている。よって、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩は、KATPチャネルを介して、頭髪の毛量及び/又は質の低下を改善することができる。
経口用組成物として具体的には、飲食品、経口用の医薬品、医薬部外品等が挙げられ、好ましくは飲食品又は経口用の医薬品であり、より好ましくは飲食品である。本発明の組成物は、飲食品、医薬品、医薬部外品等に配合して使用される素材又は製剤等であってもよい。
本発明の経口用組成物の形態は特に限定されず、固体状(粉末状、顆粒状、タブレット状等)、液状、ペースト状等であってよい。
一態様において、投与対象として、更年期症状の予防又は改善を必要とする又は希望する対象が挙げられる。このような対象として、例えば、中高年者等が挙げられる。一態様において、本発明の組成物は、中高年者用の更年期症状の予防又は改善用組成物として好適に使用される。中高年者は、高齢者を含む。高齢者は、例えば、60歳以上又は65歳以上のヒトであってよい。中高年者は、例えば、40歳以上のヒトであってよい。一態様において、中高年者の中でも、対象として40歳以上、70歳以下が好ましい。投与対象は、健常者であってよい。本発明の組成物は、例えば、更年期症状の予防又は改善を目的として、健常者に対して使用することもできる。本発明において、特に好ましい対象は、45歳以上、65歳以下の健常なヒトである。
本発明の組成物に含まれるエルゴチオネイン又はその塩の含有量は、エルゴチオネイン換算で、例えば、0.0001重量%以上が好ましく、0.001重量%以上がより好ましく、また、90重量%以下が好ましく、50重量%以下がより好ましい。
一態様において、本発明の組成物に含まれるエルゴチオネイン又はその塩の含有量は、エルゴチオネイン換算で、0.0001~90重量%が好ましく、0.001~50重量%がより好ましい。エルゴチオネイン又はその塩の含有量は、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)法により測定することができる。
本発明の組成物には、例えば、「更年期の症状を予防する」、「更年期の症状を改善する」、「中高年のホルモン不足をサポートする」、「中高年の生殖機能を改善する」、「中高年の排尿障害を改善する」、「中高年の抜毛を予防する」、「中高年の抜毛を改善する」及び「中高年の精力低下を改善する」からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの機能の表示が付されていてもよい。
一態様において、本発明の組成物は、上記の表示が付された飲食品であることが好ましい。また上記の表示は、上記の機能を得るために用いる旨の表示であってもよい。上記の表示は、組成物自体に付されてもよいし、組成物の容器又は包装に付されていてもよい。
また、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩は、ホスホジエステラーゼ5又はホスホジエステラーゼ7A1を阻害する。従って、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩は、ホスホジエステラーゼ5阻害のための有効成分、又は、ホスホジエステラーゼ7A1阻害のための有効成分として使用することもできる。エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を有効成分として含有するホスホジエステラーゼ5阻害用組成物も本発明の一つである。また、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を有効成分として含有するホスホジエステラーゼ7A1阻害用組成物も本発明の一つである。
エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を対象に投与する、更年期症状の予防又は改善方法。
上記方法は、治療的な方法であってもよく、非治療的な方法であってもよい。
更年期症状の予防又は改善するための、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩の使用。
上記使用は、治療的な使用であってもよく、非治療的な使用であってもよい。
エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を対象に投与することにより、更年期症状を予防又は改善することが可能となる。
本発明は、更年期症状の予防又は改善における使用のための、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩でもある。
(ホスホジエステラーゼの阻害活性評価)
L-エルゴチオネインの分子ターゲットを評価するため、ホスホジエステラーゼ5(PDE5)及びホスホジエステラーゼ7A1(PDE7A1)に対するin vitroアッセイを実施した。in vitroアッセイは、Eurofins Panlabsへの委託試験で実施した。試験は、下記の方法で行った。
ヒト血小板から単離したPDE5(Eurofins Cerep社製)を使用した。60ngのPDE5を、44mM Tris/HCl(pH7.4)、3mM MgCl2、1.04mMジチオトレイトール(DTT)、0.03%ウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)、2%グリセロール、200mM NH4Cl及び0.1μM Ci[3H]cGMPを含むバッファー中で、L-エルゴチオネイン(L-エルゴチオネイン濃度:100μM又は1000μM)とともに22℃で30分間インキュベートした。Phosphodiesterase SPAビーズ(製品番号:RPNQ0150、PerkinElmer社製)を添加後、発光を検出器で検出し、[3H]5’GMP量を指標にしてL-エルゴチオネインの阻害活性を評価した。L-エルゴチオネインを添加しない反応液の[3H]5’GMP量をPDE5活性100%とし、L-エルゴチオネインを添加した反応液中の[3H]5’GMP量から、コントロールに対するPDE5相対活性(%)を求めた。阻害活性(%)は下記式で求めた。
阻害活性(%)=100-(L-エルゴチオネイン添加時のPDE5相対活性)
昆虫細胞に発現させたヒト組換えPDE7A1(Eurofins Cerep社製)を使用した。0.6UのPDE7A1を、40mM Tris/HCl(pH7.4)、8mM MgCl2及び0.035μM Ci[3H]cAMPを含むバッファー中で、L-エルゴチオネイン(L-エルゴチオネイン濃度:100μM、1000μM)とともに22℃で30分間インキュベートした。Phosphodiesterase SPAビーズ(製品番号:RPNQ0150、PerkinElmer社製)を添加後、発光を検出器で検出し、[3H]5’AMP量を指標にしてL-エルゴチオネインの阻害活性を評価した。L-エルゴチオネインを添加しない反応液の[3H]5’AMP量をPDE7A1活性100%とし、L-エルゴチオネインを添加した反応液中の[3H]5’AMP量から、コントロールに対するPDE7A1相対活性(%)を求めた。阻害活性(%)は下記式で求めた。
阻害活性(%)=100-(L-エルゴチオネイン添加時のPDE7A1相対活性)
また、PDE7A1の阻害により、サイトカイン産生が抑制されて抗炎症効果が発揮され、筋肉の疼痛を予防又は改善することが知られている。よって、L-エルゴチオネインは、PDE5及びPDE7A1を阻害することにより、上記の効果を示すことが推察される。
(ATP感受性カリウムチャネルの基質結合阻害活性評価)
L-エルゴチオネインが作用する分子ターゲットを評価するため、ATP感受性カリウム(KATP)チャネルに対するin vitroアッセイを実施した。in vitroアッセイは、Eurofins Panlabsへの委託試験で実施した。試験は、下記の方法で行った。
KATPチャネルの基質結合阻害活性(%)は、以下の手順により求めた。L-エルゴチオネイン非含有の反応液(コントロール)中の膜画分の放射活性を100%とし、L-エルゴチオネインを添加した反応液中の膜画分の放射活性から、L-エルゴチオネイン添加時(100μM又は1000μM)の、コントロールに対する相対活性(%)を求めた。L-エルゴチオネインによって、glibenclamideのKATPチャネルへの結合が阻害されると、膜画分の放射活性が弱くなる。そして、コントロールの膜画分の放射活性(100%)から、L-エルゴチオネイン添加時の相対活性(%)を引くことで、KATPチャネルへの基質結合阻害活性(%)を求めた。
また、KATPチャネルへの基質結合が阻害されると、KATPチャネルが開口して血管が拡張することが知られている。血管が拡張することにより血流が改善し、筋肉の疼痛が予防又は改善されると考えられる。よって、L-エルゴチオネインは、ATP感受性カリウムチャネルを介して、筋肉の疼痛が予防又は改善すると推察される。
Claims (10)
- エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を有効成分として含有する、更年期症状の予防又は改善用組成物。
- 前記更年期症状が、筋肉の疼痛、勃起力低下、泌尿生殖器機能低下、頭髪の毛量及び/又は質の低下並びに精力低下からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの症状である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記更年期症状が、男性更年期症状である、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- ATP感受性カリウムチャネルを介して更年期症状を予防又は改善する、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- ホスホジエステラーゼ5又はホスホジエステラーゼ7A1を阻害する、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 経口用組成物である請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 飲食品である請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 「更年期の症状を予防する」、「更年期の症状を改善する」、「中高年のホルモン不足をサポートする」、「中高年の生殖機能を改善する」、「中高年の排尿障害を改善する」、「中高年の抜毛を予防する」、「中高年の抜毛を改善する」及び「中高年の精力低下を改善する」からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの機能の表示を付した、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- エルゴチオネイン又はその塩を対象に投与する、更年期症状の予防又は改善方法。
- 更年期症状を予防又は改善するための、エルゴチオネイン又はその塩の使用。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009275027A (ja) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-11-26 | Atsushi Hashimoto | 頭髪用剤 |
| WO2022230494A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 免疫細胞の代謝促進用組成物 |
| JP2022169385A (ja) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-11-09 | 学校法人君が淵学園 | タモギタケ又はその処理物を有効成分として含む、脂質代謝改善剤 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009275027A (ja) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-11-26 | Atsushi Hashimoto | 頭髪用剤 |
| WO2022230494A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 免疫細胞の代謝促進用組成物 |
| JP2022169385A (ja) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-11-09 | 学校法人君が淵学園 | タモギタケ又はその処理物を有効成分として含む、脂質代謝改善剤 |
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