WO2024149291A1 - Reciprocating disaster lifesaving device - Google Patents
Reciprocating disaster lifesaving device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024149291A1 WO2024149291A1 PCT/CN2024/071579 CN2024071579W WO2024149291A1 WO 2024149291 A1 WO2024149291 A1 WO 2024149291A1 CN 2024071579 W CN2024071579 W CN 2024071579W WO 2024149291 A1 WO2024149291 A1 WO 2024149291A1
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- escape
- steel rope
- basket
- rope
- pressing block
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Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of lifesaving equipment, and is applied to emergency self-rescue and mutual rescue escape of personnel in high-rise buildings such as office buildings and high-rise residential buildings or cliffs, and in particular to a reciprocating disaster lifesaving device.
- the Chinese invention patent application number 201710732631.6 discloses that when the device is used, it is placed in a suitable The escape position is fixed to a safe position with a fixed buckle, the safety belt is put under the armpit and adjusted to the tightness, then the rope reel is thrown horizontally to the ground, the 8-ring descender is buckled on the required descending position of the wire rope and connected to the safety belt, then the 8-ring descender is controlled to slowly fall to the ground, and finally the safety belt is untied to leave the danger range.
- This invention patent also requires multiple people to cooperate in slowly lowering the steel rope on the ground, which is difficult to operate, and the deceleration effect of the 8-ring descender is mostly controlled manually.
- the rappelling personnel need to have certain rappelling operation knowledge to operate. If the personnel below do not cooperate well, the rappelling personnel may fall and get injured, or even pay the price of their lives.
- escapees When a fire occurs, trapped people are prone to experience fear, panic, tension and other psychological states during the process of descending to escape. In such a psychological state, it is difficult for escapees to concentrate on operating the complex escape device. If the escape device does not have the function of automatic deceleration or emergency brake self-locking, escapees can easily fall at high speed, causing serious physical injuries to the escapees or even losing their lives.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a reciprocating high-rise self-rescue and mutual rescue escape device which is easy to operate, highly safe, has a good deceleration effect, has an emergency self-locking function, and can rescue trapped persons an unlimited number of times.
- a reciprocating disaster rescue device comprises a mounting hanger (1) mounted on a high-rise building, a steel rope retracting winch (2) being arranged below the mounting hanger (1), a first escape hanging basket (4) and a second escape hanging basket (5) being connected below the steel rope retracting winch (2) via a steel rope (3) for lifting up and down;
- the steel rope retracting winch (2) is provided with a floor height positioning device (21) for adjusting the retracting and releasing length of the positioning steel rope (3);
- a fixed installation jacket (22) is fixedly arranged below the installation hanger (1), and the steel rope retracting winch (2) is coaxially movably arranged on the fixed installation jacket (22).
- a centrifugal friction is arranged inside the fixed installation jacket (22).
- the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are provided with a human body self-weight automatic brake system (41), the steel ropes (3) in the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are arranged on the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41), the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41) is connected to the mounting end of the handle (42), the gripping end of the handle (42) passes through the outside of the escape basket, the escapee is suspended on the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41) through a safety rope (61), and the escapee is used to automatically brake when the escapee rides on the escape basket to escape, and the handle (42) is used to control the descending speed of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) on the steel rope (3); when the handle (42) is not pulled down, the basket (4) is locked by the human body self-weight and will not slide down;
- the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5) are respectively suspended by folding the steel rope (3) in half to form a double steel rope (3) load-bearing system, and the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5) are alternately moved up and down for escape.
- the first end of the steel rope (3) is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket (1), and the second end of the steel rope (3) passes through the second escape basket (5) from above, passes through the human body weight automatic brake system (41) in the second escape basket (5), and then passes out from above the second escape basket (5);
- a steel rope turning disc (24) is arranged in the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the steel rope (3) passing through the second escape basket (5) passes through the first escape basket (4) from above after changing direction by the steel rope turning disc (24), passes through the human body weight automatic brake system (41) in the first escape basket (4), and then passes out from above the first escape basket (4), and the steel rope (3) after passing through is wound in the winch of the steel rope retracting winch (2).
- the floor height positioning device (21) comprises:
- a positioning hole (211) is circumferentially arranged on the steel rope retracting winch (2);
- the positioning pin (212) is installed on the mounting plate below the mounting hanger (1), and the position of the positioning pin (212) matches the position of the positioning hole (211).
- a gap of 1 to 1.5 meters is provided between the length of the steel rope (3) positioned by the floor height positioning device (21) and the ground of the lowest floor.
- centrifugal friction reduction device (23) comprises:
- a centrifugal chute (231) is radially arranged inside the fixed mounting sleeve (22);
- Braking blocks (232), two braking blocks (232) are slidably disposed in the centrifugal chute (231), and when the centrifugal chute (231) rotates, the braking blocks (232) are thrown outward by centrifugal force and rub against the inner wall of the fixedly mounted outer sleeve (22);
- the planetary gear mechanism (233) is arranged behind the centrifugal chute (231).
- the centrifugal chute (231) is installed on the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism (233).
- the steel rope retracting winch (2) is coaxially arranged on the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233).
- the planetary gear mechanism (233) is used to accelerate the rotation speed of the centrifugal friction reduction device (23).
- the human body weight automatic braking system (41) comprises:
- a fixed rope-pressing block (411) is arranged at a lower position inside the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and a rotating cylindrical pressing block is arranged at the upper end of the fixed rope-pressing block (411);
- a movable rope pressing block (412) is movably arranged above the fixed rope pressing block (411), a rotating cylindrical pressing block is arranged at the lower end of the movable rope pressing block (412), the cylindrical pressing block on the fixed rope pressing block (411) and the cylindrical pressing block on the movable rope pressing block correspond to each other in an alternating manner, and are used to tighten or loosen the steel rope (3);
- a rocker arm pressing block (413) is hingedly arranged above the movable rope pressing block (412), and the movable rope pressing block (412) is hingedly connected to the middle of the rocker arm pressing block (413) and is used to press down the movable rope pressing block (412);
- the shift fork gear (414) is arranged beside the rocker arm pressing block (413), and the upper part of the rocker arm pressing block (413) is clamped in the shift fork of the shift fork gear (414) for shifting the rocker arm pressing block (413) up and down;
- the handle root gear (415) meshes with the teeth of the shift fork gear (414), the handle root gear (415) is connected to one end of the handle (42) through its axis, and the other two ends of the handle (42) extend out of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5);
- the rope-pressing block reset spring (416) has a first end fixedly disposed on the escape basket housing above the rocker arm pressure block (413), and a second end connected to the rocker arm pressure block (413) for pulling the rocker arm pressure block (413) to reset.
- the upper end of the rocker arm pressing block (413) is connected to a safety rope ring (6), the safety rope ring (6) passes through the lower ends of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and the safety rope ring (6) is used to connect a safety rope (61);
- the escapee's own weight pulls the rocker arm pressing block (413) downwards through the safety rope hanging ring (6) to form a self-locking state.
- the transmission ratio between the handle root gear (415) and the shift fork gear (414) is less than 1.
- two fixed pulleys (43) are provided on each side of the human body weight automatic brake system (41), and the fixed pulleys (43) are used to change the direction of the steel rope (3); the steel rope (3) on the fixed pulleys (43) on the left and right sides of the human body weight automatic brake system (41) moves in opposite directions, which is used to offset the torque generated when the steel rope (3) is running.
- the mounting bracket (1) is provided with a steel rope tightening device (11) for tightening the steel rope (3) wound on the steel rope retracting winch (2).
- the steel rope tightening device (11) comprises a tightening positioning block (111), a tightening telescopic rod (112), a tightening block (113) and a reset spring (114).
- the tightening positioning block (111) is arranged on the mounting bracket (1), the tightening telescopic rod (112) is movably arranged on the tightening positioning block (111), the tightening block (113) is arranged at the lower end of the tightening telescopic rod (112), the lower end of the tightening block (113) is in contact with the steel rope (3) on the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the reset spring (114) is coaxially arranged on the tightening telescopic rod (112).
- the steel rope steering disc (24) is coaxially arranged on the central gear shaft of the planetary gear mechanism (233), and a steel rope tightening roller (241) is arranged below the steel rope steering disc (24).
- a handle (7) is provided on the outer shell of each of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and the two handles (7) are respectively provided in the middle of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5).
- the contact surface between the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the brake block (232) is a rough surface, and cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling or mesh knurling are provided on the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the arc surface of the brake block (232) contacting the fixed installation sleeve (22);
- the contact surface between the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233) is provided with cylindrical internal teeth, and the outer side of the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233) is provided with cylindrical external teeth meshing with the cylindrical teeth of the fixed installation sleeve (22);
- the tooth height of the cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling on the arc surface of the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the brake block (232) contacting the fixed installation sleeve (22) does not exceed 0.5 mm.
- the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) of the present invention are folded and pulled against each other by a steel rope (3).
- a section of the steel rope (3) wound on the steel rope retracting winch (2) is used as a release rope
- a section of the steel rope (3) connected to the steel rope retracting winch (2) is used as a fixing rope.
- a section of the steel rope (3) connected to the steel rope retracting winch (2) and a section of the steel rope (3) connected to the fixing ring of the mounting hanger (1) are used as fixing ropes of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5), respectively.
- the steel rope retracting disk (24) pulls a section of the steel rope (3) of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) as a retracting rope during lifting and lowering.
- the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are lifted and lowered back and forth by alternately retracting and releasing the retracting rope, thereby realizing reciprocating self-rescue and mutual rescue escape.
- the steel rope retracting winch (2) releases the steel rope by rotating. After the first trapped escapee descends to escape, the actual length of the steel rope (3) released can be obtained.
- the operator can insert the positioning pin (212) in the floor height positioning device (21) into the positioning hole (211) on the steel rope retracting winch (21), thereby limiting the length of the longest steel rope (3) that can be released by the rotation of the steel rope retracting winch (2), and preventing the actual length of the steel rope (3) released from being too long, causing the escape basket to fall to the ground and causing secondary damage. After the rescue operation is completed, the operator pulls out the positioning pin (212) to reset the device and prepare for the next use.
- each time the first trapped person to escape must be able to obtain the steel rope (3) to release
- the actual length may be suitable for lifesaving at different floor heights.
- the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) utilizes the descending speed of the escape hanging basket (4, 5) to drive the steel rope turning disc (24) to rotate, and the rotation of the steel rope turning disc (24) drives the coaxially connected centrifugal chute (231) to rotate.
- the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the centrifugal chute (231) throws the two brake blocks (232) outward, and the brake blocks (232) and the inner wall of the fixed installation jacket (22) rub to achieve braking deceleration.
- the weight of the escapee is used to pull the rocker arm pressure block (413) downward, and the rocker arm pressure block (413) is pressed downward to drive the movable rope pressure block (412) to press the steel rope (3) between the movable rope pressure block (412) and the fixed rope pressure block (411) to achieve self-locking;
- the long handle (42) is used to rotate the handle root gear (415), the small gear of the handle root gear (415) drives the shift fork gear (414 ) and the shift fork on the shift fork gear (414) shift the rocker arm pressing block (413), and multiple labor saving is achieved through the lever principle and gear deceleration.
- the rocker arm pressing block (413) is shifted upward to lift its own weight, and the rocker arm pressing block (413) simultaneously pulls the movable rope pressing block (412) upward, thereby changing the force of the fixed rope pressing block (411) and the movable rope pressing block (412) squeezing the steel rope (3), so that the descending speed of the escape hanging basket can be manually and autonomously controlled by the escapee.
- the present invention controls the movable rope-pressing block (412) to automatically press the steel rope (3) to form a self-locking and emergency braking by the weight of the human body, thereby preventing the escapee from being unable to operate the handle due to panic, and the fixed rope-pressing block (411) and the movable rope-pressing block (412) that squeeze the steel rope (3) are loosened, resulting in deceleration failure, accelerating the descending speed of the escape hanging basket, and causing life safety damage to the escapee.
- the present invention forms a triple force-saving force arm by using the rocker arm pressure block (413) lever and the small gear at the root of the handle to drive the large gear of the shift fork and the handle (42) lever, and utilizes the lever principle in combination with the gear reduction mechanism to obtain a greater braking force.
- the minimum pulling force of the escapee pulling the handle does not exceed 2% of the escapee's body weight, which greatly reduces the force of the escapee pulling the handle (42).
- the elderly and children can also easily pull the handle (42). It makes it easier for the escapee to control the descending speed of the escape basket, and increases the travel of the brake clamping mechanism, making the descending action more decisive;
- the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) of the present invention utilizes centrifugal force to swing the brake block (232) outwards to rub against the inner wall of the fixed mounting outer casing (22) to achieve automatic deceleration when the escape basket descends, and reduces the descending speed of the escape basket by increasing the friction force.
- the present invention uses a centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) to automatically control the deceleration and a handle (42) to manually control the descending speed.
- the automatic deceleration is coordinated with the manual control to achieve double deceleration when the escape hanging basket descends.
- the descending speed can be controlled within two meters per second. The descending speed meets international standards, and the impact force is too large when landing to prevent the escapee's legs from being damaged, thereby ensuring the life safety of the escapee.
- the present invention locates the floor height through a floor height positioning device (21), so that the control accuracy of the retracted and released length of the steel rope (3) is improved.
- the floor height positioning device (21) can be used to set different pulled-out lengths of the steel rope (3), which is suitable for rescue at different floor heights.
- the floor height positioning device (21) locates the release length of the steel rope (3) when the escapee descends for the first time, so that a gap of 1 to 1.5 meters is maintained between the release length and the lowest floor, thereby preventing the escapee from directly touching the ground when the device is out of control, causing the escapee to be injured twice.
- the present invention has a simple structure, a small volume, and is easy to store and carry.
- the reciprocating structure of the escape method can save the rising time (or half the time) of the escape device, and can rescue trapped persons several times from left to right, thereby achieving fast, efficient, safe and autonomous escape.
- FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
- FIG2 is a circuit layout diagram of the steel rope of the present invention.
- FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interior of the steel rope retracting winch of the present invention.
- FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the steel rope tightening device of the present invention for compressing the steel rope;
- FIG5 is a front view of the steel rope retracting winch of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A section in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional internal structure diagram of the first escape hanging basket and the second escape hanging basket of the present invention.
- FIG8 is a partial enlarged view of point B in FIG2 of the present invention.
- FIG9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the labor-saving mechanism in the human body's own weight automatic braking system of the present invention.
- FIG10 is a diagram showing the present invention in use during escape
- FIG11 is a partial enlarged view of point A in FIG9 of the present invention.
- FIG12 is a front view of a second structure of a centrifugal friction reduction device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a structural stereogram of the foldable mounting hanger of the present invention.
- a reciprocating disaster rescue device includes an installation hanger 1 installed on a high-rise building, a steel rope retracting winch 2 is arranged below the installation hanger 1, and a first escape basket 4 and a second escape basket 5 for up and down escape are connected to the steel rope retracting winch 2 through a steel rope 3; a floor height positioning device 21 is arranged on the steel rope retracting winch 2, and the steel rope retracting winch 2 is coaxially movably arranged on a fixed installation jacket 22, and a centrifugal friction deceleration device 23 is arranged inside the fixed installation jacket 22, and a human body self-weight automatic braking system 41 is arranged in the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, and the steel rope 3 in the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 is arranged on the human body self-weight automatic braking system 41, and the human body self-weight automatic braking system 41 is connected to the installation end of the handle 42, and the holding end of the handle 42 passes through the outside of the
- the floor height positioning device 21 includes a positioning hole 211 and a positioning pin 212, a plurality of positioning holes 211 are circumferentially arranged on the steel rope retracting winch 2, the positioning pin 212 is installed on the mounting plate below the mounting hanger 1, and the position of the positioning pin 212 matches the position of the positioning hole 211; after the first trapped person escapes using the first escape basket 4, the steel rope 3 is pulled to a length suitable for the escape floor height, and other trapped persons on the high-rise building can position the length of the steel rope 3 pulled out from the steel rope retracting winch 2 according to the height to which the first trapped person descends; the steel rope retracting winch 2 is positioned by the floor height positioning device 21 to set different steel rope 3 pull-out lengths, thereby being suitable for lifesaving at different floor heights.
- a gap of 1 to 1.5 meters is set between the length of the steel rope 3 positioned by the floor height positioning device 21 and the lowest floor, so as to avoid the danger of the human body directly touching the bottom when the mechanism of the present invention is out of control, and ensure the life safety of the trapped persons when escaping.
- the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 is used to reduce the speed of the steel rope 3.
- the speed of release includes a centrifugal chute 231 radially arranged inside the steel rope retracting and releasing winch 2, two brake blocks 232 are slidably arranged in the centrifugal chute 231, a planetary gear mechanism 233 is arranged behind the centrifugal chute 231, the centrifugal chute 231 is coaxially fixed on the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233, and the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 is coaxially fixed on the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve 22.
- a steel rope steering disc 24 is provided at the end of the central gear shaft of the planetary gear mechanism 233, and the steel rope 3 between the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 is arranged in the groove of the steel rope steering disc 24.
- the steel rope 3 drives the steel rope steering disc 24 to rotate, thereby driving the coaxially fixed central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 to rotate.
- the ring gear in the planetary gear mechanism 233 is fixed and does not rotate, the central gear shaft is positioned and rotates, and a plurality of planetary gears rotate around the central gear; the planetary gear mechanism 233 is used to position the central gear axis while accelerating the rotation speed of the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 to enhance the braking effect.
- a steel rope tightening roller 241 is provided below the steel rope turning disc 24, and the steel rope tightening roller 241 is used to increase the friction between the steel rope 3 and the steel rope turning disc 24 to prevent the steel rope 3 from Slipping on the steel rope deflector 24 causes the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 and the centrifugal chute 231 to rotate slowly or not rotate, resulting in poor deceleration effect of the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 on the retraction and release speed of the steel rope 3, affecting the life safety of the escapees.
- the first end of the steel rope 3 is bolted and fixed to the fixing ring on the left side of the mounting hanger 1, and the second end of the steel rope 3 penetrates from above the second escape basket 5, passes through the human body weight automatic brake system 41 in the second escape basket 5, and then passes out from above the second escape basket 5; the steel rope 3 passing through the second escape basket 5 is changed direction by the steel rope turning disc 24 and then penetrates from above the first escape basket 4, passes through the human body weight automatic brake system 41 in the first escape basket 4, and then passes out from above the first escape basket 4.
- the steel rope 3 after passing through is wound and arranged in the winch of the steel rope retracting winch 2.
- the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 are respectively suspended by folding the steel rope 3 to form a double steel rope 3 for load-bearing, which is fire-resistant and has strong load-bearing capacity, and solves the problem of loosening of the single steel rope 3 due to failure of pre-tightening of the steel rope 3 due to torsional force during operation.
- the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 are in the same position when not in use, and the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 can be alternately moved up and down when in use; when the first trapped person uses the first escape hanging basket 4 to escape, the second escape hanging basket 5 remains motionless, and when the first trapped person reaches the ground, the first escape hanging basket 4 is located at the bottom floor, and the second escape hanging basket 5 is located at the initial position on the high-rise building, and when the second trapped person uses the second escape hanging basket 5 located on the high-rise building to descend and escape, the first escape hanging basket 4 is pulled up by the descending second escape hanging basket 5; when the second trapped person reaches the ground, the ascending first escape hanging basket 4 reaches the window of the escape floor on the high-rise building, and the third trapped person can use the first escape hanging basket 4 to descend and escape; in this way, the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 are alternately lifted and lowered, and the trapped persons
- the human body weight automatic brake system 41 includes a fixed rope pressure block 411 disposed at the lower position of the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5.
- the fixed rope pressure block 411 A movable rope-pressing block 412 is movably arranged at the top, a rocker arm pressure block 413 is hingedly arranged on the escape basket shell above the movable rope-pressing block 412, and the movable rope-pressing block 412 is hingedly arranged at the middle part of the rocker arm pressure block 413;
- a fork gear 414 is arranged next to the rocker arm pressure block 413, and the upper part of the rocker arm pressure block 413 is clamped in the fork of the fork gear 414, and the fork gear 414 is meshed with a handle root gear 415, one end of the handle 42 is coaxially connected to the shaft of the handle root gear 415, and the other end of the handle 42 extends out of the first escape basket 4 and the second
- a fixed columnar pressure block is provided at the upper end of the fixed rope pressure block 411, and a movable columnar pressure block is provided at the lower end of the movable rope pressure block 412.
- the fixed columnar pressure blocks on the fixed rope pressure block 411 correspond to the movable columnar pressure blocks on the movable rope pressure block 412 in an alternating manner.
- the columnar pressure blocks are used to tighten or loosen the steel rope 3 during the descent of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, thereby reducing the descent rate of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5.
- the fixed cylindrical pressing block and the movable cylindrical pressing block are cylinders with arc surfaces.
- the steel rope 3 When the steel rope 3 is squeezed by the fixed cylindrical pressing block and the movable cylindrical pressing block, there is an arc surface for transition to prevent friction damage to the steel rope 3 caused by edges and corners.
- the steel rope 3 may also break if it runs on the edges and corners for a long time, affecting the life safety of the escaped personnel.
- a rope pressing block reset spring 416 is arranged above the fixed rope pressing block 411, and the rope pressing block reset spring 416 is used to pull the fixed rope pressing block 411 to reset upward, and drive the handle 42 to reset downward through the rocker arm pressure block 413, the fork gear 414 and the handle root gear 415, so as to prevent the movable rope pressing block 412 from pressing the steel rope 3 during the ascent of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, so that the steel rope 3 cannot be retracted or released.
- the upper end of the rocker arm pressing block 413 is connected to a safety rope ring 6, and the safety rope ring 6 passes through the lower ends of the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5.
- the safety rope ring 6 is used to connect the safety rope 61, and the safety rope 61 is used to fix the body of the escapee; during the descent of the escape hanging basket 4, the escapee's own weight pulls the rocker arm pressing block 413 downward through the safety rope ring 6, and the rocker arm pressing block 413 drives the movable rope pressing block 412 to press down and press the steel rope 3 between the fixed rope pressing block 411 and the movable rope pressing block 412 to form a self-locking, so as to prevent the escapee from being unable to control the handle 42 to descend due to panic, resulting in the fixed rope pressing block 411 The squeezing deceleration of the movable rope pressing block 412 fails, and the escape hanging basket 4 descends too fast, causing life safety damage to the escape
- the escapee controls the descent rate by pulling down the handle 42; when the handle 42 is pulled down, the gear 415 at the root of the handle rotates counterclockwise and drives the fork gear 414 to rotate clockwise; the fork on the fork gear 414 shifts the rocker arm pressure block 413 upward, drives the movable rope pressure block 412 to move upward to release the steel rope 3, so that the escape basket 4 can slide down on the steel rope 3, and by controlling the pull-down angle of the handle 42, the friction between the fixed rope pressure block 411, the movable rope pressure block 412 and the steel rope 3 can be controlled, thereby controlling the descent rate of the escape basket on the steel rope 3.
- the transmission ratio between the handle root gear 415 and the fork gear 414 is less than 1, and the small gear of the handle root gear 415 drives the large gear of the fork gear 414 to form a labor-saving mechanism, thereby reducing the force of the escapee pulling down the handle 42 and reducing the difficulty of the escapee pulling the handle 42.
- the human body's own weight automatic braking system 41 is provided with a triple effort-saving lever, the lever formed by the length of the handle 42 is the first effort-saving lever; the small gear of the handle root gear 415 drives the large gear of the fork gear 414 as the second effort-saving lever; the distance from the installation hinge shaft of the rocker arm pressure block 413 to the fork of the fork gear 414 forms the third effort-saving lever; the triple effort-saving lever greatly reduces the force of the escapee to pull down the handle 42, so that the escapee can easily pull his own weight, thereby better controlling the descending rate of the escape basket 4.
- the triple force-saving lever arm of the human body weight automatic brake system 41 is as follows, taking an escapee weighing 100 kg as an example, without considering the transmission loss:
- the resistance arm L1 of the third effort-saving arm is the distance from the connection point between the safety rope ring 6 and the rocker arm pressure block 413 to the hinge axis between the rocker arm pressure block 413 and the movable rope pressure block 412.
- the design size of the resistance arm L1 is about 35mm.
- the power arm L2 is the distance from the contact point between the fork gear 414 and the rocker arm pressure block 413 to the hinge axis of the rocker arm pressure block 413.
- the design size of the power arm L2 is about 46mm.
- the resistance F1 is the weight of the escapee 1000N. According to the arm calculation formula:
- Resistance ⁇ resistance arm power ⁇ power arm
- the second force-saving lever arm is gear transmission, and the torque ratio is 1/transmission ratio.
- the pitch circle diameter of the fork gear 414 is 34 mm
- Torque circumferential force ⁇ lever arm, because the torque is equal when the gears are meshing and rotating, the circumferential force is also equal, so the torque ratio is the lever arm ratio:
- Resistance ⁇ resistance arm power ⁇ power arm
- the resistance arm L5 of the first force-saving arm is the pitch circle radius of the gear 415 at the root of the handle.
- the design size of the pitch circle radius of the gear 415 at the root of the handle is about 8 mm.
- the power arm L6 is the length of the handle 42.
- the design size of the power arm L6 is about 160 mm.
- the resistance F5 F4.
- the power F6 is the pulling force of the escapee on the handle 42. According to the arm calculation formula:
- Resistance ⁇ resistance arm power ⁇ power arm
- the minimum pulling force that a 100 kg escapee needs to apply to the handle 42 is 17.9 N, that is, 1.79 kg, which is only 1.79% of the escapee's weight.
- two fixed pulleys 43 are respectively arranged on both sides of the human body weight automatic brake system 41 in the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, and the fixed pulleys 43 are used to change the direction of the steel rope 3; when the steel rope 3 moves on the fixed pulleys 43, a circumferential torque will be generated.
- the movement directions of the steel rope 3 on the fixed pulleys 43 on the left and right sides of the human body weight automatic brake system 41 are opposite, and the circumferential torques generated by the steel rope 3 on the fixed pulleys 43 on both sides are also opposite. The two cancel each other out, avoiding the steel rope 3 from being broken due to uneven force on the steel wire of the steel rope 3 due to looseness, thereby affecting the life safety of the escapee.
- a wind whip 44 is provided at the bottom of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, and a pulley is provided on the wind whip 44.
- the pulley is used to support the safety rope ring 6 to prevent the safety rope ring 6 from being damaged or even broken by friction with the outlet at the lower end of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5.
- the steel rope tightening device 11 includes a tightening positioning block 111 arranged on the mounting hanger 1, and a tightening telescopic rod 112 is movably arranged on the tightening positioning block 111, and a tightening block 113 is arranged at the lower end of the tightening telescopic rod 112, and the lower end of the tightening block 113 contacts the steel rope 3 on the steel rope taking-up winch 2, and a return spring 114 is coaxially arranged on the tightening telescopic rod 112.
- the steel rope tightening device 11 is used to tighten the steel rope 3 wound on the steel rope taking-up winch 2, and the return spring 114 is used to automatically control the tightening block 113 to contact the steel rope 3, so as to prevent the steel rope 3 wound on the steel rope taking-up winch 2 from loosening and causing cross winding, which causes the steel rope 3 to be stuck or difficult to retract.
- a steel rope retracting pulley 12 is provided on the right side of the mounting bracket 1, and the steel rope retracting pulley 12 is used to increase the distance between the two sections of steel rope 3 for hanging the first escape basket 4, so as to prevent the steel rope 3 in the steel rope retracting winch 2 from being entangled with another section of steel rope 3 for hanging the first escape basket 4 during retraction, resulting in the steel rope 3 in the steel rope retracting winch 2 being unable to be retracted or released.
- the mounting bracket 1 can be fixed by the existing wall clamping or bolt installation method. It can be freely clamped and installed on the wall of the window or on the anti-theft window with higher structural strength. It takes a short time to install and does not need to be installed in advance. It is easy to install and use.
- a handle 7 is provided on the outer shell of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, respectively, for facilitating the escapee to grasp, and the two handles 7 are respectively provided in the middle of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 to maintain the symmetrical balance of the escape basket.
- the handle 7 can be used as a protection device for the escapee.
- the escapee should hold the handle 7 tightly during the descent. If one of the safety rope eye 6 and the safety rope 61 breaks during the descent, the escapee can hold the handle 7 tightly to prevent falling and wait for rescue.
- Embodiment 2 When firefighters use firefighting equipment to spray water to extinguish fire, water may enter the fixed installation jacket 22, or when grease or oil liquid accidentally enters the fixed installation jacket 22 during daily maintenance, the friction force between the brake block 232 and the fixed installation jacket 22 will be reduced, causing the braking effect to be greatly reduced.
- the friction force when the brake block 232 rubs against the fixed installation jacket 22 is increased by increasing the roughness of the contact surface between the brake block 232 and the inner wall of the fixed installation jacket 22, thereby preventing the brake block 232 from slipping when rubbing against the fixed installation jacket 22. If the descent speed of the escape hanging basket 4, 5 is too fast, the impact force generated when the escape hanging basket 4, 5 lands is too large, which will cause double damage to the life safety of the escapee.
- This embodiment adopts the structure shown in Figure 12, and the part on the inner side of the fixed mounting sleeve 22 that contacts the planetary gear mechanism 233 can be provided with cylindrical internal teeth.
- the inner side of the gear ring in the planetary gear mechanism 233 is involute internal teeth, and the outer side of the gear ring is cylindrical external teeth/net knurling.
- the cylindrical external teeth on the outer side of the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism 233 rub or mesh with the cylindrical internal teeth on the inner side of the fixed mounting sleeve 22.
- the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism 233 is detachably connected to the fixed mounting sleeve 22, which is convenient for disassembly during maintenance.
- the arc surface of the brake block 232 in contact with the fixed installation sleeve 22 can be provided with cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling or mesh knurling.
- the brake block 232 on the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 is thrown outward, and friction braking and deceleration are generated with the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve 22.
- the cylindrical outer teeth on the block 232 rub against the cylindrical inner teeth on the inner side of the fixed mounting sleeve 22 .
- the tooth height of the cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling on the arc surface where the brake block 232 contacts the fixed mounting sleeve 22 does not exceed 0.5 mm. This can prevent the brake block 232 from being thrown outward and rubbing against the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve 22. The two will not be directly stuck due to engagement, causing the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 to be locked and unable to rotate.
- the steel rope steering disc 24 and the steel rope tightening roller 241 at the tail of the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 that cannot rotate clamp the steel rope 3, causing the steel rope 3 to be unable to be alternately retracted and released, and the phenomenon of obstruction of the descent of the escape basket occurs.
- the mounting hanger 1 can also be set as a folding structure or a telescopic structure, as shown in Figure 13, the folding structure of the mounting hanger 1 is formed by hingedly connecting two sections of the hanger, and is fixed and locked by bolts after unfolding.
- the overall length of the mounting hanger 1 is halved by folding or telescoping, thereby reducing the overall packaging length of the device of the present invention, making it convenient to store in a box and carry it, and the design weight of the device of the present invention is about 9KG, which is convenient for installation and transportation, and reduces the labor intensity of installation and transportation of the device.
- the working mode of the present invention is:
- the device of the present invention When a fire or other emergency occurs in a high-rise building, making the stairs, elevators and other passages in the high-rise building unusable, take out the device of the present invention, install the mounting bracket 1 of the device on the wall of the window or on the anti-theft window with high structural strength, check whether the device is installed securely and safely, and ensure that there is no danger or obstruction under the window where the device is installed;
- one end of the safety rope 61 is put forward from the back to the armpits on both sides of the human body, and the other end of the safety rope 61 is put on one of the legs, and then the middle part of the safety rope 61 is hung on the safety rope ring 6.
- the first hand grasps the grip 7 on the escape basket and climbs out of the window safely.
- the second hand grasps the handle 42, and the leg that is not connected with the safety rope is stepped on the outer wall of the high-rise building to control the direction of the body; then the handle 42 is slowly pulled downward, and the escape basket moves downward immediately, and The pulling amplitude of the handle 42 is adjusted according to the descending speed of the escape basket.
- the pulling force of the handle 42 is reduced. If the descending speed of the escape basket is slow, the pulling force of the handle 42 is increased. If the descending speed is too fast, release the handle 42, adjust your mentality and then slowly pull the handle 42 until the person lands safely, and then untie the safety rope 61.
- the positioning pin 212 is opened, and the trapped person uses the first escape basket 4 to escape.
- a section of steel rope 3 wound on the steel rope retracting winch 2 is used as a release rope, and a section of steel rope 3 connected to the steel rope reversing disc 24 is used as a fixed rope.
- the remaining trapped people on the high-rise building insert the positioning pin 212 into the positioning hole 211 according to the descending height of the first trapped person, locate the required length of the steel rope 3, prevent the steel rope retracting winch 2 from rotating to change the length of the steel rope 3, and ensure When the escape basket 4 falls to the lowest point, it maintains a clearance height of 1-1.5 meters with the ground.
- the second trapped person uses the second escape basket 5 to escape. At this time, a section of steel rope 3 fixed on the fixed ring on the left side of the installation hanger 1 is used as a fixed rope, and the steel rope 3 that pulls the first escape basket 4 is used as a release rope for the second escape basket 5.
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Abstract
A reciprocating disaster lifesaving device, comprising a mounting hanging bracket (1) mounted at a high position and a steel rope winding/unwinding winch (2) below the mounting hanging bracket, wherein two escape hanging baskets used for being lifted and lowered for escape are connected below the steel rope winding/unwinding winch by means of a steel rope (3); a floor height positioning device (21) is provided on the steel rope winding/unwinding winch; a centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) is coaxially provided inside the steel rope winding/unwinding winch; each escape hanging basket is internally provided with a human body weight auto-braking system (41), and the steel rope in the escape hanging basket is arranged on the human body weight auto-braking system. According to the reciprocating disaster lifesaving device, the two escape hanging baskets alternately move up and down to achieve reciprocating self-rescue and mutual-rescue escape, the floor height positioning device is used for positioning the heights of different floors, the centrifugal friction deceleration device and a triple labor-saving mechanism in the human body weight auto-braking system are used for controlling deceleration, and the human body weight auto-braking system uses body weights of escape personnel for emergency braking to achieve self-locking, so that the life safety of the escape personnel is guaranteed while emergency escape is achieved.
Description
本发明涉及救生设备技术领域,应用于写字楼、高层住宅楼等高层建筑或悬崖的人员应急自救互救逃生,尤其涉及一种往复式灾难救生装置。The invention relates to the technical field of lifesaving equipment, and is applied to emergency self-rescue and mutual rescue escape of personnel in high-rise buildings such as office buildings and high-rise residential buildings or cliffs, and in particular to a reciprocating disaster lifesaving device.
随着城市现代化发展,高层建筑逐年增加,提高了土地的利用率,但同时也增加了高层建筑应对灾害救援逃生的难度,例如火灾、地震等。而于高层建筑的防火灭火问题,一直是消防安全的一大难题,一是高层建筑的楼梯间、电梯井、管道井、风道、电缆井等竖向井道多,如果防火分隔处理不好,发生火灾时就好像一座座高耸的烟囱,容易形成“烟囱效应”,成为火势迅速蔓延的途径;二是高楼层数多,垂直距离长,从楼梯通道疏散到地面或其他安全场所的时间较长,不利于人员疏散;三是高层建筑发生火灾时从室外进行扑救相当困难,不利于快速展开救援,一般要立足于自救,即主要靠室内消防设施。因此,还需要在高层建筑中安装救生消防设备,保障高楼人员生命安全。With the development of urban modernization, high-rise buildings have increased year by year, which has improved the utilization rate of land, but at the same time has also increased the difficulty of high-rise buildings in responding to disaster rescue and escape, such as fires and earthquakes. The problem of fire prevention and fire fighting in high-rise buildings has always been a major problem in fire safety. First, there are many vertical shafts such as stairwells, elevator shafts, pipe shafts, air ducts, and cable shafts in high-rise buildings. If the fire separation is not handled properly, when a fire occurs, it is like a towering chimney, which is easy to form a "chimney effect" and become a way for the fire to spread rapidly; second, there are many high floors and the vertical distance is long. It takes a long time to evacuate from the staircase to the ground or other safe places, which is not conducive to the evacuation of personnel; third, it is quite difficult to extinguish a fire from the outside when a high-rise building occurs, which is not conducive to rapid rescue. Generally, it is based on self-rescue, that is, it mainly relies on indoor fire-fighting facilities. Therefore, it is also necessary to install life-saving fire-fighting equipment in high-rise buildings to ensure the safety of the lives of people in high-rise buildings.
在现有的高楼逃生设备中,一般使用电动或机械式的索降逃生方式。建筑内的火灾多为电路短路起火或人为用火不当所引起,电路短路起火或明火烧到电路会触动电路开关跳闸,利用电动控制升降的逃生装置极易受到电路影响无法使用;充电式的电动升降逃生装置需要提前准备充足的电源,而火灾、地震等灾害为突发性灾害,若没有电源则无法使用逃生装置,充电式的电动升降逃生装置实用性不大,所以,纯机械式逃生装置更适用于高层建筑的逃生救援。In the existing high-rise escape equipment, electric or mechanical rope descent escape methods are generally used. Fires in buildings are mostly caused by circuit short circuits or improper use of fire. Circuit short circuits or open flames burning the circuit will trigger the circuit switch to trip. The escape device that uses electric control to lift is easily affected by the circuit and cannot be used; the rechargeable electric lifting escape device needs to prepare sufficient power in advance, and disasters such as fires and earthquakes are sudden disasters. If there is no power supply, the escape device cannot be used. The rechargeable electric lifting escape device is not very practical, so the pure mechanical escape device is more suitable for escape and rescue in high-rise buildings.
在现有的机械式逃生装置中,常用的索降装备操作难度较大,甚至需要多人配合才能完成索降逃生,不利于高层建筑的人员应急疏散自救。例如中国发明专利公开的申请号为201710732631.6的专利,该专利使用时,将装置放置在合适
逃生位置,用固定锁扣固定到安全位置,将安全带套在腋下并调节松紧度,然后将绳盘水平扔至地面,将8字环下降器套扣在钢丝绳的所需下降位置并且与安全带连接,然后控制8字环下降器缓缓下落至地面,最后解下安全带离开危险范围。该发明专利还需多人配合在地面缓慢放钢绳,操作难度大,且8字环下降器减速效果多为人为控制,索降人员需要具备一定的索降操作知识才能操作,若下方人员配合不好,索降人员可能会坠落受伤,甚至付出生命的代价。Among the existing mechanical escape devices, the commonly used rope descent equipment is difficult to operate, and even requires the cooperation of multiple people to complete the rope descent escape, which is not conducive to the emergency evacuation and self-rescue of personnel in high-rise buildings. For example, the Chinese invention patent application number 201710732631.6 discloses that when the device is used, it is placed in a suitable The escape position is fixed to a safe position with a fixed buckle, the safety belt is put under the armpit and adjusted to the tightness, then the rope reel is thrown horizontally to the ground, the 8-ring descender is buckled on the required descending position of the wire rope and connected to the safety belt, then the 8-ring descender is controlled to slowly fall to the ground, and finally the safety belt is untied to leave the danger range. This invention patent also requires multiple people to cooperate in slowly lowering the steel rope on the ground, which is difficult to operate, and the deceleration effect of the 8-ring descender is mostly controlled manually. The rappelling personnel need to have certain rappelling operation knowledge to operate. If the personnel below do not cooperate well, the rappelling personnel may fall and get injured, or even pay the price of their lives.
火灾发生时,被困人员在下降逃生过程中,容易出现恐惧、心慌、紧张等心理,在这样的心理状态下,逃生人员很难集中精力操作动作复杂的逃生装置,若逃生装置没有自动减速或紧急制动自锁的功能,逃生人员很容易高速下坠,造成逃生人员身体上的严重损伤,甚至付出生命。When a fire occurs, trapped people are prone to experience fear, panic, tension and other psychological states during the process of descending to escape. In such a psychological state, it is difficult for escapees to concentrate on operating the complex escape device. If the escape device does not have the function of automatic deceleration or emergency brake self-locking, escapees can easily fall at high speed, causing serious physical injuries to the escapees or even losing their lives.
因此,需要设计一款适用于没有索降速降知识和实践能力的普通人群的高楼逃生装置。Therefore, it is necessary to design a high-rise escape device suitable for ordinary people who have no knowledge and practical ability of rope rappelling.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种操作简便、安全性高、减速效果好、有应急自锁功能、可以无限次救助受困人员的往复式高楼自救互救逃生装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a reciprocating high-rise self-rescue and mutual rescue escape device which is easy to operate, highly safe, has a good deceleration effect, has an emergency self-locking function, and can rescue trapped persons an unlimited number of times.
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种往复式灾难救生装置,包括安装于高楼上的安装吊架(1),安装吊架(1)下方设置有钢绳收放绞盘(2),钢绳收放绞盘(2)下方通过钢绳(3)连接有用于上下升降的第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5);A reciprocating disaster rescue device comprises a mounting hanger (1) mounted on a high-rise building, a steel rope retracting winch (2) being arranged below the mounting hanger (1), a first escape hanging basket (4) and a second escape hanging basket (5) being connected below the steel rope retracting winch (2) via a steel rope (3) for lifting up and down;
所述钢绳收放绞盘(2)上设置有楼层高度定位装置(21),用于调整定位钢绳(3)的收放长度;The steel rope retracting winch (2) is provided with a floor height positioning device (21) for adjusting the retracting and releasing length of the positioning steel rope (3);
所述安装吊架(1)下方固定设置有固定安装外套(22),钢绳收放绞盘(2)同轴活动设置在固定安装外套(22)上,固定安装外套(22)内部设置有离心摩
擦减速装置(23),离心摩擦减速装置(23)通过钢绳(3)收放带动其旋转,离心摩擦减速装置(23)通过旋转产生的离心力与固定安装外套(22)内壁摩擦,用于降低钢绳(3)收放的速度;A fixed installation jacket (22) is fixedly arranged below the installation hanger (1), and the steel rope retracting winch (2) is coaxially movably arranged on the fixed installation jacket (22). A centrifugal friction is arranged inside the fixed installation jacket (22). A friction deceleration device (23), wherein the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) is driven to rotate by the steel rope (3) being retracted and released, and the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) rubs against the inner wall of the fixed installation outer sleeve (22) through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation, so as to reduce the speed of retracting and releasing the steel rope (3);
所述第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)内设置有人体自重自动刹车系统(41),第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)内的钢绳(3)设置于人体自重自动刹车系统(41)上,人体自重自动刹车系统(41)连接手柄(42)的安装端,手柄(42)的持握端穿出逃生吊篮外侧,逃生人员通过安全绳(61)吊接在人体自重自动刹车系统(41)上,用于逃生人员乘坐逃生吊篮下降逃生时自动刹车,手柄(42)用于控制第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)在钢绳(3)上的下降速度;手柄(42)未拉下时,吊篮(4)被人体自重锁定,不会下滑;The first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are provided with a human body self-weight automatic brake system (41), the steel ropes (3) in the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are arranged on the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41), the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41) is connected to the mounting end of the handle (42), the gripping end of the handle (42) passes through the outside of the escape basket, the escapee is suspended on the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41) through a safety rope (61), and the escapee is used to automatically brake when the escapee rides on the escape basket to escape, and the handle (42) is used to control the descending speed of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) on the steel rope (3); when the handle (42) is not pulled down, the basket (4) is locked by the human body self-weight and will not slide down;
所述第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)分别通过钢绳(3)对折吊拉形成双钢绳(3)承重,第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)交替上下移动进行逃生。The first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5) are respectively suspended by folding the steel rope (3) in half to form a double steel rope (3) load-bearing system, and the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5) are alternately moved up and down for escape.
进一步地,所述钢绳(3)第一端固定设置在安装吊架(1)上,钢绳(3)第二端从第二逃生吊篮(5)上方穿入,经过第二逃生吊篮(5)内的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)后从第二逃生吊篮(5)上方穿出;钢绳收放绞盘(2)内设置有钢绳变向盘(24),从第二逃生吊篮(5)上方穿出的钢绳(3)经钢绳变向盘(24)变向后从第一逃生吊篮(4)上方穿入,经过第一逃生吊篮(4)内的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)后从第一逃生吊篮(4)上方穿出,穿出后的钢绳(3)缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘(2)的绞盘内。Furthermore, the first end of the steel rope (3) is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket (1), and the second end of the steel rope (3) passes through the second escape basket (5) from above, passes through the human body weight automatic brake system (41) in the second escape basket (5), and then passes out from above the second escape basket (5); a steel rope turning disc (24) is arranged in the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the steel rope (3) passing through the second escape basket (5) passes through the first escape basket (4) from above after changing direction by the steel rope turning disc (24), passes through the human body weight automatic brake system (41) in the first escape basket (4), and then passes out from above the first escape basket (4), and the steel rope (3) after passing through is wound in the winch of the steel rope retracting winch (2).
进一步地,所述的楼层高度定位装置(21)包括:Furthermore, the floor height positioning device (21) comprises:
定位孔(211),圆周设置于钢绳收放绞盘(2)上;A positioning hole (211) is circumferentially arranged on the steel rope retracting winch (2);
定位销(212),安装于安装吊架(1)下方的安装板上,定位销(212)的位置与定位孔(211)的位置相适配。
The positioning pin (212) is installed on the mounting plate below the mounting hanger (1), and the position of the positioning pin (212) matches the position of the positioning hole (211).
进一步地,所述楼层高度定位装置(21)定位的钢绳(3)长度与最低层地面间设置有1至1.5米的留空长度。Furthermore, a gap of 1 to 1.5 meters is provided between the length of the steel rope (3) positioned by the floor height positioning device (21) and the ground of the lowest floor.
进一步地,所述的离心摩擦减速装置(23)包括:Furthermore, the centrifugal friction reduction device (23) comprises:
离心滑槽(231),径向设置在固定安装外套(22)内部;A centrifugal chute (231) is radially arranged inside the fixed mounting sleeve (22);
制动块(232),两个制动块(232)滑动设置于离心滑槽(231)内,离心滑槽(231)旋转时,制动块(232)通过离心力向外甩出与固定安装外套(22)内壁相摩擦;Braking blocks (232), two braking blocks (232) are slidably disposed in the centrifugal chute (231), and when the centrifugal chute (231) rotates, the braking blocks (232) are thrown outward by centrifugal force and rub against the inner wall of the fixedly mounted outer sleeve (22);
行星齿轮机构(233),设置于离心滑槽(231)后方,离心滑槽(231)安装在行星齿轮机构(233)的中心齿轮上,钢绳收放绞盘(2)同轴设置在行星齿轮机构(233)的齿圈上,行星齿轮机构(233)用于加快离心摩擦减速装置(23)的转速。The planetary gear mechanism (233) is arranged behind the centrifugal chute (231). The centrifugal chute (231) is installed on the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism (233). The steel rope retracting winch (2) is coaxially arranged on the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233). The planetary gear mechanism (233) is used to accelerate the rotation speed of the centrifugal friction reduction device (23).
进一步地,所述的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)包括:Furthermore, the human body weight automatic braking system (41) comprises:
固定压绳块(411),设置于第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)内的下部位置,固定压绳块(411)上端设置有转动的圆柱形压块;A fixed rope-pressing block (411) is arranged at a lower position inside the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and a rotating cylindrical pressing block is arranged at the upper end of the fixed rope-pressing block (411);
活动压绳块(412),活动设置于固定压绳块(411)上方,活动压绳块(412)下端设置有转动的圆柱形压块,固定压绳块(411)上的圆柱形压块与活动压绳块上的圆柱形压块交错对应,用于压紧或放松钢绳(3);A movable rope pressing block (412) is movably arranged above the fixed rope pressing block (411), a rotating cylindrical pressing block is arranged at the lower end of the movable rope pressing block (412), the cylindrical pressing block on the fixed rope pressing block (411) and the cylindrical pressing block on the movable rope pressing block correspond to each other in an alternating manner, and are used to tighten or loosen the steel rope (3);
摇臂压块(413),铰接设置于活动压绳块(412)上方,活动压绳块(412)铰接在摇臂压块(413)中部,用于下压活动压绳块(412);A rocker arm pressing block (413) is hingedly arranged above the movable rope pressing block (412), and the movable rope pressing block (412) is hingedly connected to the middle of the rocker arm pressing block (413) and is used to press down the movable rope pressing block (412);
拨叉齿轮(414),设置于摇臂压块(413)旁,摇臂压块(413)上部卡接在拨叉齿轮(414)的拨叉内,用于上下拨动摇臂压块(413);The shift fork gear (414) is arranged beside the rocker arm pressing block (413), and the upper part of the rocker arm pressing block (413) is clamped in the shift fork of the shift fork gear (414) for shifting the rocker arm pressing block (413) up and down;
手柄根部齿轮(415),与拨叉齿轮(414)的齿相啮合,手柄根部齿轮(415)轴连接手柄(42)一端,手柄(42)另二端伸出第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)外侧;
The handle root gear (415) meshes with the teeth of the shift fork gear (414), the handle root gear (415) is connected to one end of the handle (42) through its axis, and the other two ends of the handle (42) extend out of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5);
压绳块复位弹簧(416),第一端固定设置于摇臂压块(413)上方的逃生吊篮壳体上,第二端连接摇臂压块(413),用于拉动摇臂压块(413)复位。The rope-pressing block reset spring (416) has a first end fixedly disposed on the escape basket housing above the rocker arm pressure block (413), and a second end connected to the rocker arm pressure block (413) for pulling the rocker arm pressure block (413) to reset.
进一步地,所述摇臂压块(413)上端连接有安全绳吊环(6),安全绳吊环(6)从第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)下端穿出,安全绳吊环(6)用于连接安全绳(61);Furthermore, the upper end of the rocker arm pressing block (413) is connected to a safety rope ring (6), the safety rope ring (6) passes through the lower ends of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and the safety rope ring (6) is used to connect a safety rope (61);
第一逃生吊篮(4)或第二逃生吊篮(5)在下降过程中,逃生人员自身体重通过安全绳吊环(6)拉动摇臂压块(413)下压形成自锁。During the descent of the first escape hanging basket (4) or the second escape hanging basket (5), the escapee's own weight pulls the rocker arm pressing block (413) downwards through the safety rope hanging ring (6) to form a self-locking state.
进一步地,所述手柄根部齿轮(415)与拨叉齿轮(414)的传动比小于1。Furthermore, the transmission ratio between the handle root gear (415) and the shift fork gear (414) is less than 1.
进一步地,所述的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)两侧各设置有两个定滑轮(43),定滑轮(43)用于为钢绳(3)改变方向;在人体自重自动刹车系统(41)左右两侧定滑轮(43)上的钢绳(3)运动方向相反,用于抵消钢绳(3)运行时产生的扭力。Furthermore, two fixed pulleys (43) are provided on each side of the human body weight automatic brake system (41), and the fixed pulleys (43) are used to change the direction of the steel rope (3); the steel rope (3) on the fixed pulleys (43) on the left and right sides of the human body weight automatic brake system (41) moves in opposite directions, which is used to offset the torque generated when the steel rope (3) is running.
进一步地,所述安装吊架(1)上设置有钢绳收紧装置(11),用于收紧缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘(2)上的钢绳(3),钢绳收紧装置(11)包括收紧定位块(111)、收紧伸缩杆(112)、收紧块(113)和复位弹簧(114),收紧定位块(111)设置于安装吊架(1)上,收紧伸缩杆(112)活动设置在收紧定位块(111)上,收紧块(113)设置于收紧伸缩杆(112)下端,收紧块(113)下端与钢绳收放绞盘(2)上的钢绳(3)相接触,复位弹簧(114)同轴设置于收紧伸缩杆(112)上。Furthermore, the mounting bracket (1) is provided with a steel rope tightening device (11) for tightening the steel rope (3) wound on the steel rope retracting winch (2). The steel rope tightening device (11) comprises a tightening positioning block (111), a tightening telescopic rod (112), a tightening block (113) and a reset spring (114). The tightening positioning block (111) is arranged on the mounting bracket (1), the tightening telescopic rod (112) is movably arranged on the tightening positioning block (111), the tightening block (113) is arranged at the lower end of the tightening telescopic rod (112), the lower end of the tightening block (113) is in contact with the steel rope (3) on the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the reset spring (114) is coaxially arranged on the tightening telescopic rod (112).
进一步地,所述的钢绳变向盘(24)同轴设置于行星齿轮机构(233)的中心齿轮轴上,钢绳变向盘(24)下方设置有钢绳收紧辊轮(241)。Furthermore, the steel rope steering disc (24) is coaxially arranged on the central gear shaft of the planetary gear mechanism (233), and a steel rope tightening roller (241) is arranged below the steel rope steering disc (24).
进一步地,所述的第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)外壳上各设置有一个握把(7),两个握把(7)分别设置于第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)的正中间。
Furthermore, a handle (7) is provided on the outer shell of each of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and the two handles (7) are respectively provided in the middle of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5).
进一步地,所述的固定安装外套(22)与制动块(232)的接触面为粗糙面,固定安装外套(22)内壁和制动块(232)接触固定安装外套(22)的圆弧面上设置有圆柱形外齿或直纹滚花或网纹滚花;Furthermore, the contact surface between the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the brake block (232) is a rough surface, and cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling or mesh knurling are provided on the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the arc surface of the brake block (232) contacting the fixed installation sleeve (22);
所述固定安装外套(22)与行星齿轮机构(233)齿圈接触面上设置有圆柱形内齿,行星齿轮机构(233)齿圈外侧设置有与固定安装外套(22)圆柱形齿相啮合的圆柱形外齿;The contact surface between the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233) is provided with cylindrical internal teeth, and the outer side of the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233) is provided with cylindrical external teeth meshing with the cylindrical teeth of the fixed installation sleeve (22);
所述固定安装外套(22)内壁和制动块(232)接触固定安装外套(22)的圆弧面上的圆柱形外齿或直纹滚花的齿高不超过0.5毫米。The tooth height of the cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling on the arc surface of the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the brake block (232) contacting the fixed installation sleeve (22) does not exceed 0.5 mm.
本发明的工作原理:Working principle of the present invention:
本发明第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)利用一根钢绳(3)折叠对拉收放,第一位被困人员下降逃生时,缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘(2)上的一段钢绳(3)作为释放绳,连接钢绳变向盘(24)的一段钢绳(3)作为固定绳,第一位被困人员下降逃生后,连接钢绳收放绞盘(2)的一段钢绳(3)和连接安装吊架(1)固定环的一段钢绳(3)分别作为第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)的固定绳,钢绳变向盘(24)吊拉第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)的一段钢绳(3)作为升降时的收放绳,第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)通过收放绳的收放交替往复升降,实现往复式自救互救逃生;The first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) of the present invention are folded and pulled against each other by a steel rope (3). When the first trapped person descends to escape, a section of the steel rope (3) wound on the steel rope retracting winch (2) is used as a release rope, and a section of the steel rope (3) connected to the steel rope retracting winch (2) is used as a fixing rope. After the first trapped person descends to escape, a section of the steel rope (3) connected to the steel rope retracting winch (2) and a section of the steel rope (3) connected to the fixing ring of the mounting hanger (1) are used as fixing ropes of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5), respectively. The steel rope retracting disk (24) pulls a section of the steel rope (3) of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) as a retracting rope during lifting and lowering. The first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are lifted and lowered back and forth by alternately retracting and releasing the retracting rope, thereby realizing reciprocating self-rescue and mutual rescue escape.
钢绳收放绞盘(2)通过旋转释放钢绳,第一位被困逃生人员下降逃生后,可获得钢绳(3)释放实际长度,操作者可以将楼层高度定位装置(21)中的定位销(212)插入钢绳收放绞盘(21)上的定位孔(211)中,从而限制这个钢绳收放绞盘(2)转动能释放最长钢绳(3)的长度,防止钢绳(3)释放实际长度过长,导致逃生吊篮落地,造成二次损害。救生使用完之后,操作者抽出定位销(212),让本装置复位,为下次再使用作准备。The steel rope retracting winch (2) releases the steel rope by rotating. After the first trapped escapee descends to escape, the actual length of the steel rope (3) released can be obtained. The operator can insert the positioning pin (212) in the floor height positioning device (21) into the positioning hole (211) on the steel rope retracting winch (21), thereby limiting the length of the longest steel rope (3) that can be released by the rotation of the steel rope retracting winch (2), and preventing the actual length of the steel rope (3) released from being too long, causing the escape basket to fall to the ground and causing secondary damage. After the rescue operation is completed, the operator pulls out the positioning pin (212) to reset the device and prepare for the next use.
依据上述本装置结构,每次第一位被困逃生人员都要能获得钢绳(3)释放
实际长度,可能适用于不同的楼层高度的救生。According to the above structure of the device, each time the first trapped person to escape must be able to obtain the steel rope (3) to release The actual length may be suitable for lifesaving at different floor heights.
离心摩擦减速装置(23)利用逃生吊篮(4、5)下降速度带动钢绳变向盘(24)旋转,钢绳变向盘(24)旋转带动同轴连接的离心滑槽(231)转动,离心滑槽(231)旋转产生的离心力将两个制动块(232)向外甩出,制动块(232)与固定安装外套(22)内壁摩擦实现制动减速。如果逃生吊篮(4、5)下降速度越快,两个制动块(232)向外甩出的离心力越大,制动块(232)与固定安装外套(22)内壁的摩擦力越大,实现安全下降。The centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) utilizes the descending speed of the escape hanging basket (4, 5) to drive the steel rope turning disc (24) to rotate, and the rotation of the steel rope turning disc (24) drives the coaxially connected centrifugal chute (231) to rotate. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the centrifugal chute (231) throws the two brake blocks (232) outward, and the brake blocks (232) and the inner wall of the fixed installation jacket (22) rub to achieve braking deceleration. If the escape hanging basket (4, 5) descends faster, the centrifugal force of the two brake blocks (232) thrown outward is greater, and the friction between the brake blocks (232) and the inner wall of the fixed installation jacket (22) is greater, so that safe descent is achieved.
人体自重自动刹车系统(41)中,利用逃生人员的自身重量拉动摇臂压块(413)下压,摇臂压块(413)下压带动活动压绳块(412)下压,将钢绳(3)压紧在活动压绳块(412)和固定压绳块(411)之间实现自锁;利用长手柄(42)转动手柄根部齿轮(415)、手柄根部齿轮(415)的小齿轮带动拨叉齿轮(414)的大齿轮、拨叉齿轮(414)上的拨叉拨动摇臂压块(413),通过杠杆原理配合齿轮减速实现多重省力,拨动摇臂压块(413)上移提起自身重量,摇臂压块(413)同时拉动活动压绳块(412)上移,改变固定压绳块(411)和活动压绳块(412)挤压钢绳(3)的力,实现逃生吊篮的下降速度由逃生人员手动自主控制。In the human body weight automatic brake system (41), the weight of the escapee is used to pull the rocker arm pressure block (413) downward, and the rocker arm pressure block (413) is pressed downward to drive the movable rope pressure block (412) to press the steel rope (3) between the movable rope pressure block (412) and the fixed rope pressure block (411) to achieve self-locking; the long handle (42) is used to rotate the handle root gear (415), the small gear of the handle root gear (415) drives the shift fork gear (414 ) and the shift fork on the shift fork gear (414) shift the rocker arm pressing block (413), and multiple labor saving is achieved through the lever principle and gear deceleration. The rocker arm pressing block (413) is shifted upward to lift its own weight, and the rocker arm pressing block (413) simultaneously pulls the movable rope pressing block (412) upward, thereby changing the force of the fixed rope pressing block (411) and the movable rope pressing block (412) squeezing the steel rope (3), so that the descending speed of the escape hanging basket can be manually and autonomously controlled by the escapee.
本发明相比现有技术的有益效果:The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:
本发明通过人体重量控制活动压绳块(412)自动压紧钢绳(3)形成自锁,紧急制动,防止逃生人员由于慌张而无法操控手柄,挤压钢绳(3)的固定压绳块(411)和活动压绳块(412)松开导致减速失效,加快逃生吊篮的下降速率,对逃生人员造成生命安全损伤。The present invention controls the movable rope-pressing block (412) to automatically press the steel rope (3) to form a self-locking and emergency braking by the weight of the human body, thereby preventing the escapee from being unable to operate the handle due to panic, and the fixed rope-pressing block (411) and the movable rope-pressing block (412) that squeeze the steel rope (3) are loosened, resulting in deceleration failure, accelerating the descending speed of the escape hanging basket, and causing life safety damage to the escapee.
本发明通过摇臂压块(413)杠杆、手柄根部的小齿轮带动拨叉大齿轮、手柄(42)杠杆形成三重省力力臂,利用杠杆原理再配合齿轮减速机构得到更大的刹车咬紧力量,逃生人员拉动手柄的最小拉力不超过逃生人员体重的2%,大大减小了逃生人员拉动手柄(42)的力量,老人、小孩也能很轻松的拉动手柄(42),
使逃生人员更容易控制逃生吊篮的下降速度,并且使得刹车咬紧机构行程得到增加,使下行动作更果断;The present invention forms a triple force-saving force arm by using the rocker arm pressure block (413) lever and the small gear at the root of the handle to drive the large gear of the shift fork and the handle (42) lever, and utilizes the lever principle in combination with the gear reduction mechanism to obtain a greater braking force. The minimum pulling force of the escapee pulling the handle does not exceed 2% of the escapee's body weight, which greatly reduces the force of the escapee pulling the handle (42). The elderly and children can also easily pull the handle (42). It makes it easier for the escapee to control the descending speed of the escape basket, and increases the travel of the brake clamping mechanism, making the descending action more decisive;
本发明的离心摩擦减速装置(23)利用离心力将制动块(232)向外甩出与固定安装外套(22)内壁摩擦实现逃生吊篮下降时的自动减速,通过增大摩擦力而降低逃生吊篮的下降速率,逃生吊篮速率越快,则制动块(232)向外甩出的离心力越大,制动效果也越好,从而自动适应逃生吊篮的下降速率而摩擦减速。The centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) of the present invention utilizes centrifugal force to swing the brake block (232) outwards to rub against the inner wall of the fixed mounting outer casing (22) to achieve automatic deceleration when the escape basket descends, and reduces the descending speed of the escape basket by increasing the friction force. The faster the speed of the escape basket, the greater the centrifugal force of the brake block (232) thrown outwards, and the better the braking effect, so that the escape basket automatically adapts to the descending speed of the escape basket and achieves friction deceleration.
本发明通过离心摩擦减速装置(23)自动控制减速和手柄(42)手动控制下降速率,自动减速与手动控制相配合,实现逃生吊篮下降时的双重减速,下降速度可控制在两米每秒以内,下降速度符合国际标准,防止落地时冲击力过大对逃生人员腿部造成损伤,保障逃生人员的生命安全;The present invention uses a centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) to automatically control the deceleration and a handle (42) to manually control the descending speed. The automatic deceleration is coordinated with the manual control to achieve double deceleration when the escape hanging basket descends. The descending speed can be controlled within two meters per second. The descending speed meets international standards, and the impact force is too large when landing to prevent the escapee's legs from being damaged, thereby ensuring the life safety of the escapee.
本发明通过楼层高度定位装置(21)定位楼层高度,使钢绳(3)的收放长度控制精度得到提高,楼层高度定位装置(21)定位可设置不同的钢绳(3)拉出长度,适用于不同楼层高度的救生;并通过楼层高度定位装置(21)中的定位销(212)定位第一次逃生人员下降时钢绳(3)释放长度与最低层间保持1-1.5米的留空长度,避免当装置失控状态下逃生人员直接触底地面,造成逃生人员两次损伤。The present invention locates the floor height through a floor height positioning device (21), so that the control accuracy of the retracted and released length of the steel rope (3) is improved. The floor height positioning device (21) can be used to set different pulled-out lengths of the steel rope (3), which is suitable for rescue at different floor heights. The floor height positioning device (21) locates the release length of the steel rope (3) when the escapee descends for the first time, so that a gap of 1 to 1.5 meters is maintained between the release length and the lowest floor, thereby preventing the escapee from directly touching the ground when the device is out of control, causing the escapee to be injured twice.
本发明结构简便,体积小,便于收纳和携带,往复式结构的逃生方式可以节约逃生装置的上升时间(或者一半时间),能一左一右数次救助被困人员,实现快速、高效、安全、自主的逃生。The present invention has a simple structure, a small volume, and is easy to store and carry. The reciprocating structure of the escape method can save the rising time (or half the time) of the escape device, and can rescue trapped persons several times from left to right, thereby achieving fast, efficient, safe and autonomous escape.
图1为本发明的立体结构示意图;FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明钢绳的线路布局图;FIG2 is a circuit layout diagram of the steel rope of the present invention;
图3为本发明钢绳收放绞盘内部的立体结构示意图;FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interior of the steel rope retracting winch of the present invention;
图4为本发明钢绳收紧装置压紧钢绳的立体结构示意图;
FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the steel rope tightening device of the present invention for compressing the steel rope;
图5为本发明钢绳收放绞盘的正视图;FIG5 is a front view of the steel rope retracting winch of the present invention;
图6为本发明图5中A-A处的剖面示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A section in Fig. 5 of the present invention;
图7为本发明第一逃生吊篮和第二逃生吊篮的内部立体结构图;7 is a three-dimensional internal structure diagram of the first escape hanging basket and the second escape hanging basket of the present invention;
图8为本发明图2中B处的局部放大图;FIG8 is a partial enlarged view of point B in FIG2 of the present invention;
图9为本发明人体自重自动刹车系统中省力机构的立体示意图;FIG9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the labor-saving mechanism in the human body's own weight automatic braking system of the present invention;
图10为本发明逃生时的使用状态图;FIG10 is a diagram showing the present invention in use during escape;
图11为本发明图9中A处的局部放大图;FIG11 is a partial enlarged view of point A in FIG9 of the present invention;
图12为本发明离心摩擦减速装置第二种结构的正视图;FIG12 is a front view of a second structure of a centrifugal friction reduction device according to the present invention;
图13为本发明折叠式安装吊架的结构立体图。FIG. 13 is a structural stereogram of the foldable mounting hanger of the present invention.
图中标号:
1-安装吊架;
11-钢绳收紧装置,111-收紧定位块,112-收紧伸缩杆,113-收紧块,114-
复位弹簧;12-钢绳收放滑轮;
2-钢绳收放绞盘;21-楼层高度定位装置,211-定位孔,212-定位销;22-
固定安装外套;23-离心摩擦减速装置,231-离心滑槽,232-制动块,233-行星齿轮机构;24-钢绳变向盘,241-钢绳收紧辊轮;
3-钢绳;
4-第一逃生吊篮;
41-人体自重自动刹车系统,411-固定压绳块,412-活动压绳块,413-摇臂
压块,414-拨叉齿轮,415-手柄根部齿轮,416-压绳块复位弹簧;42-手柄;43-定滑轮,44-防风鞭;
5-第二逃生吊篮;
6-安全绳吊环,61-安全绳;
7-握把。 Numbers in the figure:
1-Install the hanger;
11-steel rope tightening device, 111-tightening positioning block, 112-tightening telescopic rod, 113-tightening block, 114-
Return spring; 12-Steel rope retracting pulley;
2-wire retracting winch; 21-floor height positioning device, 211-positioning hole, 212-positioning pin; 22-
Fixed installation jacket; 23-centrifugal friction reduction device, 231-centrifugal slide, 232-brake block, 233-planetary gear mechanism; 24-steel rope turning disc, 241-steel rope tightening roller;
3- Steel rope;
4-First escape basket;
41-human body weight automatic brake system, 411-fixed rope pressing block, 412-movable rope pressing block, 413-rocker arm pressing block, 414-shift fork gear, 415-handle root gear, 416-rope pressing block reset spring; 42-handle; 43-fixed pulley, 44-windproof whip;
5- Second escape basket;
6-safety rope ring, 61-safety rope;
7- Grip.
1-安装吊架;
11-钢绳收紧装置,111-收紧定位块,112-收紧伸缩杆,113-收紧块,114-
复位弹簧;12-钢绳收放滑轮;
2-钢绳收放绞盘;21-楼层高度定位装置,211-定位孔,212-定位销;22-
固定安装外套;23-离心摩擦减速装置,231-离心滑槽,232-制动块,233-行星齿轮机构;24-钢绳变向盘,241-钢绳收紧辊轮;
3-钢绳;
4-第一逃生吊篮;
41-人体自重自动刹车系统,411-固定压绳块,412-活动压绳块,413-摇臂
压块,414-拨叉齿轮,415-手柄根部齿轮,416-压绳块复位弹簧;42-手柄;43-定滑轮,44-防风鞭;
5-第二逃生吊篮;
6-安全绳吊环,61-安全绳;
7-握把。 Numbers in the figure:
1-Install the hanger;
11-steel rope tightening device, 111-tightening positioning block, 112-tightening telescopic rod, 113-tightening block, 114-
Return spring; 12-Steel rope retracting pulley;
2-wire retracting winch; 21-floor height positioning device, 211-positioning hole, 212-positioning pin; 22-
Fixed installation jacket; 23-centrifugal friction reduction device, 231-centrifugal slide, 232-brake block, 233-planetary gear mechanism; 24-steel rope turning disc, 241-steel rope tightening roller;
3- Steel rope;
4-First escape basket;
41-human body weight automatic brake system, 411-fixed rope pressing block, 412-movable rope pressing block, 413-rocker arm pressing block, 414-shift fork gear, 415-handle root gear, 416-rope pressing block reset spring; 42-handle; 43-fixed pulley, 44-windproof whip;
5- Second escape basket;
6-safety rope ring, 61-safety rope;
7- Grip.
为了使本技术领域的技术人员能更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图对其具体实施方式进行详细的说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, its specific implementation method is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例1:如图1-11所示,一种往复式灾难救生装置,包括安装于高楼上的安装吊架1,安装吊架1下方设置有钢绳收放绞盘2,钢绳收放绞盘2下方通过钢绳3连接有用于上下升降逃生的第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5;所述钢绳收放绞盘2上设置有楼层高度定位装置21,钢绳收放绞盘2同轴活动设置在固定安装外套22上,固定安装外套22内部设置有离心摩擦减速装置23,所述第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5内设置有人体自重自动刹车系统41,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5内的钢绳3设置于人体自重自动刹车系统41上,人体自重自动刹车系统41连接手柄42的安装端,手柄42的持握端穿出第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5外侧,钢绳收放绞盘2旋转时,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5交替上下移动。Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-11, a reciprocating disaster rescue device includes an installation hanger 1 installed on a high-rise building, a steel rope retracting winch 2 is arranged below the installation hanger 1, and a first escape basket 4 and a second escape basket 5 for up and down escape are connected to the steel rope retracting winch 2 through a steel rope 3; a floor height positioning device 21 is arranged on the steel rope retracting winch 2, and the steel rope retracting winch 2 is coaxially movably arranged on a fixed installation jacket 22, and a centrifugal friction deceleration device 23 is arranged inside the fixed installation jacket 22, and a human body self-weight automatic braking system 41 is arranged in the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, and the steel rope 3 in the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 is arranged on the human body self-weight automatic braking system 41, and the human body self-weight automatic braking system 41 is connected to the installation end of the handle 42, and the holding end of the handle 42 passes through the outside of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, and when the steel rope retracting winch 2 rotates, the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 move up and down alternately.
在实施例中,如图3、图4、图6所示,楼层高度定位装置21包括定位孔211和定位销212,若干个定位孔211圆周设置于钢绳收放绞盘2上,定位销212安装于安装吊架1下方的安装板上,定位销212的位置与定位孔211的位置相适配;第一位被困人员使用第一逃生吊篮4逃生后,钢绳3被拉动到适合逃生楼层高度的长度,高楼上的其他被困人员可根据第一位被困人员下降的高度定位钢绳3从钢绳收放绞盘2内拉出的长度;钢绳收放绞盘2通过楼层高度定位装置21定位可设置不同的钢绳3拉出长度,从而适用于不同楼层高度的救生。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6, the floor height positioning device 21 includes a positioning hole 211 and a positioning pin 212, a plurality of positioning holes 211 are circumferentially arranged on the steel rope retracting winch 2, the positioning pin 212 is installed on the mounting plate below the mounting hanger 1, and the position of the positioning pin 212 matches the position of the positioning hole 211; after the first trapped person escapes using the first escape basket 4, the steel rope 3 is pulled to a length suitable for the escape floor height, and other trapped persons on the high-rise building can position the length of the steel rope 3 pulled out from the steel rope retracting winch 2 according to the height to which the first trapped person descends; the steel rope retracting winch 2 is positioned by the floor height positioning device 21 to set different steel rope 3 pull-out lengths, thereby being suitable for lifesaving at different floor heights.
在实施例中,楼层高度定位装置21定位的钢绳3长度与最低层间设置有1至1.5米的留空长度,避免在本发明机构失控的状态下人体直接触底的危险,保障被困人员逃生时的生命安全。In the embodiment, a gap of 1 to 1.5 meters is set between the length of the steel rope 3 positioned by the floor height positioning device 21 and the lowest floor, so as to avoid the danger of the human body directly touching the bottom when the mechanism of the present invention is out of control, and ensure the life safety of the trapped persons when escaping.
在实施例中,如图3、图6所示,离心摩擦减速装置23用于降低钢绳3收
放的速度,包括径向设置在钢绳收放绞盘2内部的离心滑槽231,离心滑槽231内滑动设置有两个制动块232,离心滑槽231后方设置有行星齿轮机构233,离心滑槽231同轴固定在行星齿轮机构233的中心齿轮上,行星齿轮机构233的齿圈同轴固定在固定安装外套22内壁。In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 , the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 is used to reduce the speed of the steel rope 3. The speed of release includes a centrifugal chute 231 radially arranged inside the steel rope retracting and releasing winch 2, two brake blocks 232 are slidably arranged in the centrifugal chute 231, a planetary gear mechanism 233 is arranged behind the centrifugal chute 231, the centrifugal chute 231 is coaxially fixed on the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233, and the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 is coaxially fixed on the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve 22.
在实施例中,如图6所示,行星齿轮机构233的中心齿轮轴末端设置有钢绳变向盘24,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5之间的钢绳3设置在钢绳变向盘24的凹槽内,其中一个逃生吊篮向下移动时,钢绳3带动钢绳变向盘24旋转,从而带动同轴固定的行星齿轮机构233中心齿轮旋转,行星齿轮机构233的中心齿轮旋转时,离心滑槽231内的两个制动块232通过离心力向外甩出与固定安装外套22的内壁相摩擦,通过增大摩擦力而减小行星齿轮机构233中心齿轮和钢绳变向盘24的旋转速率,从而降低钢绳3的移动速率,并带动降低第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5的下降速率,实现逃生吊篮下降时的自动减速。In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, a steel rope steering disc 24 is provided at the end of the central gear shaft of the planetary gear mechanism 233, and the steel rope 3 between the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 is arranged in the groove of the steel rope steering disc 24. When one of the escape baskets moves downward, the steel rope 3 drives the steel rope steering disc 24 to rotate, thereby driving the coaxially fixed central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 to rotate. When the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 rotates, the two brake blocks 232 in the centrifugal chute 231 are thrown outward by centrifugal force and rub against the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve 22, thereby reducing the rotation rate of the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 and the steel rope steering disc 24 by increasing the friction force, thereby reducing the moving rate of the steel rope 3, and driving the reduction of the descending rate of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, thereby realizing automatic deceleration when the escape basket descends.
在实施例中,第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5下降速率越大,钢绳3带动钢绳变向盘24和离心滑槽231的旋转速率越也大,制动块232向外甩出的离心力也越大,从而使制动块232与固定安装外套22内壁的摩擦力增大,摩擦产生的摩擦力制动行星齿轮机构233中心齿轮轴旋转的效果也越好;因此,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5的下降速率与制动块232制动的摩擦力成正比,离心摩擦减速装置23可自动适应第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5的下降速率而摩擦减速。In the embodiment, the greater the descending rate of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, the greater the rotation rate of the steel rope 3 driving the steel rope steering disc 24 and the centrifugal chute 231, and the greater the centrifugal force thrown outward by the brake block 232, thereby increasing the friction between the brake block 232 and the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve 22, and the friction force generated by the friction braking the rotation of the central gear shaft of the planetary gear mechanism 233 is better; therefore, the descending rate of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 is proportional to the friction force of the brake block 232, and the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 can automatically adapt to the descending rate of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5 and frictionally reduce speed.
在实施例中,如图3所示,行星齿轮机构233中的齿圈固定不旋转,中心齿轮轴定位旋转,多个行星齿轮绕中心齿轮旋转;行星齿轮机构233用于定位中心齿轮轴心的同时加快离心摩擦减速装置23的转速,提升制动效果。In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the ring gear in the planetary gear mechanism 233 is fixed and does not rotate, the central gear shaft is positioned and rotates, and a plurality of planetary gears rotate around the central gear; the planetary gear mechanism 233 is used to position the central gear axis while accelerating the rotation speed of the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 to enhance the braking effect.
在实施例中,如图2、图6所示,钢绳变向盘24下方设置有钢绳收紧辊轮241,钢绳收紧辊轮241用于增大钢绳3与钢绳变向盘24的摩擦力,防止钢绳3
在钢绳变向盘24上打滑,导致行星齿轮机构233的中心齿轮和离心滑槽231转动速率慢或是不转动,造成离心摩擦减速装置23对钢绳3收放速度的减速效果不佳,影响逃生人员的生命安全。In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, a steel rope tightening roller 241 is provided below the steel rope turning disc 24, and the steel rope tightening roller 241 is used to increase the friction between the steel rope 3 and the steel rope turning disc 24 to prevent the steel rope 3 from Slipping on the steel rope deflector 24 causes the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism 233 and the centrifugal chute 231 to rotate slowly or not rotate, resulting in poor deceleration effect of the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 on the retraction and release speed of the steel rope 3, affecting the life safety of the escapees.
在实施例中,如图1、图2所示,钢绳3第一端拴接固定在安装吊架1左侧的固定环上,钢绳3第二端从第二逃生吊篮5上方穿入,经过第二逃生吊篮5内的人体自重自动刹车系统41后从第二逃生吊篮5上方穿出;从第二逃生吊篮5上方穿出的钢绳3经钢绳变向盘24变向后从第一逃生吊篮4上方穿入,经过第一逃生吊篮4内的人体自重自动刹车系统41后从第一逃生吊篮4上方穿出,穿出后的钢绳3缠绕设置在钢绳收放绞盘2的绞盘内。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first end of the steel rope 3 is bolted and fixed to the fixing ring on the left side of the mounting hanger 1, and the second end of the steel rope 3 penetrates from above the second escape basket 5, passes through the human body weight automatic brake system 41 in the second escape basket 5, and then passes out from above the second escape basket 5; the steel rope 3 passing through the second escape basket 5 is changed direction by the steel rope turning disc 24 and then penetrates from above the first escape basket 4, passes through the human body weight automatic brake system 41 in the first escape basket 4, and then passes out from above the first escape basket 4. The steel rope 3 after passing through is wound and arranged in the winch of the steel rope retracting winch 2.
在实施例中,如图1、图2、图10所示,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5分别通过钢绳3对折吊拉形成双钢绳3承重,耐火、承重能力强,解决了单钢绳3在运行时因扭转力致使钢绳3预扭紧失效而导致松动的问题。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 10, the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 are respectively suspended by folding the steel rope 3 to form a double steel rope 3 for load-bearing, which is fire-resistant and has strong load-bearing capacity, and solves the problem of loosening of the single steel rope 3 due to failure of pre-tightening of the steel rope 3 due to torsional force during operation.
在实施例中,如图图1、图2、图10所示,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5未使用时处于同一位置,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5使用时可交替上下移动;第一位被困人员使用第一逃生吊篮4逃生时,第二逃生吊篮5保持不动,第一位被困人员到达地面时,第一逃生吊篮4位于底层,第二逃生吊篮5位于高楼上的初始位置,第二位被困人员使用位于高楼上的第二逃生吊篮5下降逃生的同时,第一逃生吊篮4被下降的第二逃生吊篮5拉动上升;第二位被困人员到达地面时,上升的第一逃生吊篮4到达高楼上逃生楼层的窗口处,第三位被困人员即可使用第一逃生吊篮4下降逃生;以此实现第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5交替升降,可以无限次救助受困人员,节约逃生装置的上升时间,实现高速、高效、安全、自主的逃生。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 10, the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 are in the same position when not in use, and the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 can be alternately moved up and down when in use; when the first trapped person uses the first escape hanging basket 4 to escape, the second escape hanging basket 5 remains motionless, and when the first trapped person reaches the ground, the first escape hanging basket 4 is located at the bottom floor, and the second escape hanging basket 5 is located at the initial position on the high-rise building, and when the second trapped person uses the second escape hanging basket 5 located on the high-rise building to descend and escape, the first escape hanging basket 4 is pulled up by the descending second escape hanging basket 5; when the second trapped person reaches the ground, the ascending first escape hanging basket 4 reaches the window of the escape floor on the high-rise building, and the third trapped person can use the first escape hanging basket 4 to descend and escape; in this way, the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 are alternately lifted and lowered, and the trapped persons can be rescued unlimited times, the rising time of the escape device is saved, and high-speed, efficient, safe and autonomous escape is achieved.
在实施例中,如图7、图9所示,人体自重自动刹车系统41包括设置于第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5内下部位置的固定压绳块411,固定压绳块411
上方活动设置有活动压绳块412,摇臂压块413铰接设置在活动压绳块412上方的逃生吊篮壳体上,活动压绳块412铰接在摇臂压块413中部;摇臂压块413旁设置有拨叉齿轮414,摇臂压块413上部卡接在拨叉齿轮414的拨叉内,拨叉齿轮414啮合有手柄根部齿轮415,手柄42一端同轴连接在手柄根部齿轮415轴上,手柄42另一端伸出第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5外侧。In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the human body weight automatic brake system 41 includes a fixed rope pressure block 411 disposed at the lower position of the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5. The fixed rope pressure block 411 A movable rope-pressing block 412 is movably arranged at the top, a rocker arm pressure block 413 is hingedly arranged on the escape basket shell above the movable rope-pressing block 412, and the movable rope-pressing block 412 is hingedly arranged at the middle part of the rocker arm pressure block 413; a fork gear 414 is arranged next to the rocker arm pressure block 413, and the upper part of the rocker arm pressure block 413 is clamped in the fork of the fork gear 414, and the fork gear 414 is meshed with a handle root gear 415, one end of the handle 42 is coaxially connected to the shaft of the handle root gear 415, and the other end of the handle 42 extends out of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5.
在实施例中,如图7、图8所示,固定压绳块411上端设置有固定柱形压块,活动压绳块412下端设置活动柱形压块,固定压绳块411上的固定柱形压块与活动压绳块412上的活动柱形压块交错对应,柱形压块用于在第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5下降过程中压紧或放松钢绳3,降低第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5的下降速率。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, a fixed columnar pressure block is provided at the upper end of the fixed rope pressure block 411, and a movable columnar pressure block is provided at the lower end of the movable rope pressure block 412. The fixed columnar pressure blocks on the fixed rope pressure block 411 correspond to the movable columnar pressure blocks on the movable rope pressure block 412 in an alternating manner. The columnar pressure blocks are used to tighten or loosen the steel rope 3 during the descent of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, thereby reducing the descent rate of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5.
在实施例中,如图7、图8所示,固定柱形压块和活动柱形压块为圆柱体,表面为圆弧面,钢绳3受到固定柱形压块和活动柱形压块挤压时有圆弧面进行过渡,防止棱角对钢绳3造成摩擦性损伤,钢绳3长时间在棱角上运作还可能断裂,影响逃生人员的生命安全。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the fixed cylindrical pressing block and the movable cylindrical pressing block are cylinders with arc surfaces. When the steel rope 3 is squeezed by the fixed cylindrical pressing block and the movable cylindrical pressing block, there is an arc surface for transition to prevent friction damage to the steel rope 3 caused by edges and corners. The steel rope 3 may also break if it runs on the edges and corners for a long time, affecting the life safety of the escaped personnel.
在实施例中,如图7所示,固定压绳块411上方设置有压绳块复位弹簧416,压绳块复位弹簧416用于拉动固定压绳块411向上复位,并通过摇臂压块413、拨叉齿轮414和手柄根部齿轮415带动手柄42向下复位,防止第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5上升过程中活动压绳块412压紧钢绳3,使钢绳3无法收放。In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, a rope pressing block reset spring 416 is arranged above the fixed rope pressing block 411, and the rope pressing block reset spring 416 is used to pull the fixed rope pressing block 411 to reset upward, and drive the handle 42 to reset downward through the rocker arm pressure block 413, the fork gear 414 and the handle root gear 415, so as to prevent the movable rope pressing block 412 from pressing the steel rope 3 during the ascent of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, so that the steel rope 3 cannot be retracted or released.
在实施例中,如图7、图9所示,摇臂压块413上端连接有安全绳吊环6,安全绳吊环6从第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5下端穿出,安全绳吊环6用于连接安全绳61,安全绳61用于固定逃生人员的身体;逃生吊篮4在下降过程中,逃生人员自身体重通过安全绳吊环6拉动摇臂压块413下压,摇臂压块413带动活动压绳块412下压将钢绳3压紧在固定压绳块411和活动压绳块412之间,形成自锁,防止逃生人员由于慌张而无法操控手柄42下降,导致固定压绳块411
和活动压绳块412的挤压减速失效,逃生吊篮4下降速率过快,对逃生人员造成生命安全损伤。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 9, the upper end of the rocker arm pressing block 413 is connected to a safety rope ring 6, and the safety rope ring 6 passes through the lower ends of the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5. The safety rope ring 6 is used to connect the safety rope 61, and the safety rope 61 is used to fix the body of the escapee; during the descent of the escape hanging basket 4, the escapee's own weight pulls the rocker arm pressing block 413 downward through the safety rope ring 6, and the rocker arm pressing block 413 drives the movable rope pressing block 412 to press down and press the steel rope 3 between the fixed rope pressing block 411 and the movable rope pressing block 412 to form a self-locking, so as to prevent the escapee from being unable to control the handle 42 to descend due to panic, resulting in the fixed rope pressing block 411 The squeezing deceleration of the movable rope pressing block 412 fails, and the escape hanging basket 4 descends too fast, causing life safety damage to the escapees.
在实施例中,第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5下降过程中,逃生人员通过下拉手柄42控制下降速率;下拉手柄42时,手柄根部齿轮415逆时针旋转,并带动拨叉齿轮414顺时针旋转;拨叉齿轮414上的拨叉将摇臂压块413向上拨动,带动活动压绳块412向上移动松开钢绳3,使逃生吊篮4可以在钢绳3上滑动下降,通过控制手柄42的下拉角度,可控制固定压绳块411、活动压绳块412与钢绳3的摩擦力大小,从而控制逃生吊篮在钢绳3上的下降速率。In the embodiment, during the descent of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, the escapee controls the descent rate by pulling down the handle 42; when the handle 42 is pulled down, the gear 415 at the root of the handle rotates counterclockwise and drives the fork gear 414 to rotate clockwise; the fork on the fork gear 414 shifts the rocker arm pressure block 413 upward, drives the movable rope pressure block 412 to move upward to release the steel rope 3, so that the escape basket 4 can slide down on the steel rope 3, and by controlling the pull-down angle of the handle 42, the friction between the fixed rope pressure block 411, the movable rope pressure block 412 and the steel rope 3 can be controlled, thereby controlling the descent rate of the escape basket on the steel rope 3.
在实施例中,手柄根部齿轮415与拨叉齿轮414的传动比小于1,通过手柄根部齿轮415的小齿轮带动拨叉齿轮414的大齿轮形成省力机构,从而减小逃生人员下拉手柄42的力度,减小逃生人员拉动手柄42的难度。In an embodiment, the transmission ratio between the handle root gear 415 and the fork gear 414 is less than 1, and the small gear of the handle root gear 415 drives the large gear of the fork gear 414 to form a labor-saving mechanism, thereby reducing the force of the escapee pulling down the handle 42 and reducing the difficulty of the escapee pulling the handle 42.
在实施例中,如图9所示,人体自重自动刹车系统41设置有三重省力力臂,手柄42长度形成的杠杆为第一重省力力臂;手柄根部齿轮415的小齿轮带动拨叉齿轮414的大齿轮为第二重省力力臂;摇臂压块413的安装铰接轴到拨叉齿轮414拨叉的距离形成第三重省力力臂;三重省力力臂大大降低了逃生人员下拉手柄42的力度,使逃生人员可以轻松拉动自己的体重,从而更好的控制逃生吊篮4的下降速率。In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 9, the human body's own weight automatic braking system 41 is provided with a triple effort-saving lever, the lever formed by the length of the handle 42 is the first effort-saving lever; the small gear of the handle root gear 415 drives the large gear of the fork gear 414 as the second effort-saving lever; the distance from the installation hinge shaft of the rocker arm pressure block 413 to the fork of the fork gear 414 forms the third effort-saving lever; the triple effort-saving lever greatly reduces the force of the escapee to pull down the handle 42, so that the escapee can easily pull his own weight, thereby better controlling the descending rate of the escape basket 4.
在实施例中,人体自重自动刹车系统41的三重省力力臂,以体重为100KG的逃生人员为例,在不考虑传动损耗的情况下:In the embodiment, the triple force-saving lever arm of the human body weight automatic brake system 41 is as follows, taking an escapee weighing 100 kg as an example, without considering the transmission loss:
第三重省力力臂的阻力臂L1为安全绳吊环6与摇臂压块413的连接点到摇臂压块413与活动压绳块412铰接轴的距离,阻力臂L1设计尺寸约为35mm,动力臂L2为拨叉齿轮414拔叉与摇臂压块413的接触点到摇臂压块413铰接轴的距离,+++动力臂L2设计尺寸约为46mm,阻力F1为逃生人员体重1000N,根据力臂计算公式:
The resistance arm L1 of the third effort-saving arm is the distance from the connection point between the safety rope ring 6 and the rocker arm pressure block 413 to the hinge axis between the rocker arm pressure block 413 and the movable rope pressure block 412. The design size of the resistance arm L1 is about 35mm. The power arm L2 is the distance from the contact point between the fork gear 414 and the rocker arm pressure block 413 to the hinge axis of the rocker arm pressure block 413. The design size of the power arm L2 is about 46mm. The resistance F1 is the weight of the escapee 1000N. According to the arm calculation formula:
阻力×阻力臂=动力×动力臂;Resistance × resistance arm = power × power arm;
即:L1×F1=L2×F2;That is: L1×F1=L2×F2;
0.035m×1000N=0.046m×F2;0.035m×1000N=0.046m×F2;
F2≈760.87N;F2≈760.87N;
第二重省力力臂中为齿轮传动,转矩之比为1/传动比,拨叉齿轮414的分度圆直径为34mm,手柄根部齿轮415设计的分度圆直径为16mm,所以,转矩之比为16/34,阻力F3=F2,根据力臂计算公式:转矩=周向力×力臂,因为齿轮啮合旋转时的转矩相等,周向力也相等,所以,转矩之比为力臂之比:The second force-saving lever arm is gear transmission, and the torque ratio is 1/transmission ratio. The pitch circle diameter of the fork gear 414 is 34 mm, and the pitch circle diameter of the handle root gear 415 is designed to be 16 mm. Therefore, the torque ratio is 16/34, and the resistance F3 = F2. According to the lever arm calculation formula: Torque = circumferential force × lever arm, because the torque is equal when the gears are meshing and rotating, the circumferential force is also equal, so the torque ratio is the lever arm ratio:
阻力×阻力臂=动力×动力臂;Resistance × resistance arm = power × power arm;
即:L3×F3=L4×F4;That is: L3×F3=L4×F4;
16×760.87N=34×F4;16×760.87N=34×F4;
F4≈358N;F4≈358N;
第一重省力力臂的阻力臂L5为手柄根部齿轮415的分度圆半径,手柄根部齿轮415的分度圆半径设计尺寸约为8mm,动力臂L6为手柄42长度,动力臂L6设计尺寸约为160mm,阻力F5=F4,动力F6为逃生人员对手柄42的拉力,根据力臂计算公式:The resistance arm L5 of the first force-saving arm is the pitch circle radius of the gear 415 at the root of the handle. The design size of the pitch circle radius of the gear 415 at the root of the handle is about 8 mm. The power arm L6 is the length of the handle 42. The design size of the power arm L6 is about 160 mm. The resistance F5 = F4. The power F6 is the pulling force of the escapee on the handle 42. According to the arm calculation formula:
阻力×阻力臂=动力×动力臂;Resistance × resistance arm = power × power arm;
即:L5×F5=L6×F6;That is: L5×F5=L6×F6;
8×358N=160×F6;8×358N=160×F6;
F6=17.9N;F6=17.9N;
所以,在不考虑传动损耗的情况下,一个体重100KG的逃生人员对手柄42需要施加的最小拉力为17.9N,即1.79KG的力,最小拉力仅为逃生人员体重的1.79%,通过三重省力力臂机构的传动,不仅成年人拉动手柄42省力,老人、小
孩也能很轻松的拉动手柄42,适用于不同体重、不同身体素质的人群,适用性广。Therefore, without considering the transmission loss, the minimum pulling force that a 100 kg escapee needs to apply to the handle 42 is 17.9 N, that is, 1.79 kg, which is only 1.79% of the escapee's weight. Through the transmission of the triple force-saving lever arm mechanism, not only adults can save effort when pulling the handle 42, but also the elderly and children can save effort. Children can also easily pull the handle 42, which is suitable for people of different weights and physical fitness and has a wide range of applicability.
在实施例中,如图2、图8所示,第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5内的人体自重自动刹车系统41两侧各设置有两个定滑轮43,定滑轮43用于为钢绳3改变方向;钢绳3在定滑轮43上移动时会产生周向扭力,人体自重自动刹车系统41左右两侧定滑轮43上的钢绳3运动方向相反,其两侧定滑轮43上钢绳3产生的周向扭力也相反,二者相互消除,避免因钢绳3松动导致钢绳3钢丝受力不均而断裂,影响逃生人员的生命安全。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 8, two fixed pulleys 43 are respectively arranged on both sides of the human body weight automatic brake system 41 in the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, and the fixed pulleys 43 are used to change the direction of the steel rope 3; when the steel rope 3 moves on the fixed pulleys 43, a circumferential torque will be generated. The movement directions of the steel rope 3 on the fixed pulleys 43 on the left and right sides of the human body weight automatic brake system 41 are opposite, and the circumferential torques generated by the steel rope 3 on the fixed pulleys 43 on both sides are also opposite. The two cancel each other out, avoiding the steel rope 3 from being broken due to uneven force on the steel wire of the steel rope 3 due to looseness, thereby affecting the life safety of the escapee.
在实施例中,如图2、图7所示,第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5底部设置有防风鞭44,防风鞭44上设置有滑轮,滑轮用于支撑安全绳吊环6,防止安全绳吊环6与第一逃生吊篮4或第二逃生吊篮5下端的出口相摩擦而损伤,甚至断裂。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 7, a wind whip 44 is provided at the bottom of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5, and a pulley is provided on the wind whip 44. The pulley is used to support the safety rope ring 6 to prevent the safety rope ring 6 from being damaged or even broken by friction with the outlet at the lower end of the first escape basket 4 or the second escape basket 5.
在实施例中,如图4、图6所示,钢绳收紧装置11包括设置于安装吊架1上的收紧定位块111,收紧定位块111上活动设置有收紧伸缩杆112,收紧伸缩杆112下端设置有收紧块113,收紧块113下端与钢绳收放绞盘2上的钢绳3相接触,收紧伸缩杆112上同轴设置有复位弹簧114,钢绳收紧装置11用于收紧缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘2上的钢绳3,复位弹簧114用于自动控制收紧块113与钢绳3接触,防止缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘2的钢绳3松散导致交叉缠绕,造成钢绳3收放卡顿或收放困难。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 and 6, the steel rope tightening device 11 includes a tightening positioning block 111 arranged on the mounting hanger 1, and a tightening telescopic rod 112 is movably arranged on the tightening positioning block 111, and a tightening block 113 is arranged at the lower end of the tightening telescopic rod 112, and the lower end of the tightening block 113 contacts the steel rope 3 on the steel rope taking-up winch 2, and a return spring 114 is coaxially arranged on the tightening telescopic rod 112. The steel rope tightening device 11 is used to tighten the steel rope 3 wound on the steel rope taking-up winch 2, and the return spring 114 is used to automatically control the tightening block 113 to contact the steel rope 3, so as to prevent the steel rope 3 wound on the steel rope taking-up winch 2 from loosening and causing cross winding, which causes the steel rope 3 to be stuck or difficult to retract.
在实施例中,如图1、图2、图3所示,安装吊架1右侧设置有钢绳收放滑轮12,钢绳收放滑轮12用于增大吊拉第一逃生吊篮4两段钢绳3的间距,避免钢绳收放绞盘2内的钢绳3收放时与吊拉第一逃生吊篮4的另外一段钢绳3缠绕在一起,导致钢绳收放绞盘2内的钢绳3无法收放。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, a steel rope retracting pulley 12 is provided on the right side of the mounting bracket 1, and the steel rope retracting pulley 12 is used to increase the distance between the two sections of steel rope 3 for hanging the first escape basket 4, so as to prevent the steel rope 3 in the steel rope retracting winch 2 from being entangled with another section of steel rope 3 for hanging the first escape basket 4 during retraction, resulting in the steel rope 3 in the steel rope retracting winch 2 being unable to be retracted or released.
在实施例中,安装吊架1可设置为现有的夹墙或螺栓安装的方式进行固定,
可自由夹持安装在窗口的墙体上或结构强度较高的防盗窗上,安装用时短,不需要提前安装,安装使用方便。In the embodiment, the mounting bracket 1 can be fixed by the existing wall clamping or bolt installation method. It can be freely clamped and installed on the wall of the window or on the anti-theft window with higher structural strength. It takes a short time to install and does not need to be installed in advance. It is easy to install and use.
在实施例中,如图1、图11所示,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5外壳上各设置有一个握把7,用于方便逃生人员抓握,两个握把7分别设置于第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5的正中间,保持逃生吊篮的对称平衡。In the embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 11, a handle 7 is provided on the outer shell of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5, respectively, for facilitating the escapee to grasp, and the two handles 7 are respectively provided in the middle of the first escape basket 4 and the second escape basket 5 to maintain the symmetrical balance of the escape basket.
在实施例中,握把7可作为逃生人员的保障装置,逃生人员在下降过程中一直紧握住握把7,若安全绳吊环6和安全绳61的其中一个在逃生人员下降逃生过程中断裂时,逃生人员可紧紧拉住握把7防止坠落,坚持等待救援。In the embodiment, the handle 7 can be used as a protection device for the escapee. The escapee should hold the handle 7 tightly during the descent. If one of the safety rope eye 6 and the safety rope 61 breaks during the descent, the escapee can hold the handle 7 tightly to prevent falling and wait for rescue.
实施例2:当消防人员使用消防设备喷水灭火,固定安装外套22内可能进水时,或者日常保养中固定安装外套22不慎进入油脂类液体时,导致制动块232与固定安装外套22摩擦时的摩擦力会减小,造成制动效果大大降低。Embodiment 2: When firefighters use firefighting equipment to spray water to extinguish fire, water may enter the fixed installation jacket 22, or when grease or oil liquid accidentally enters the fixed installation jacket 22 during daily maintenance, the friction force between the brake block 232 and the fixed installation jacket 22 will be reduced, causing the braking effect to be greatly reduced.
本实施例通过增大制动块232与固定安装外套22内壁接触面的粗糙度,从而增大制动块232与固定安装外套22摩擦时的摩擦力,防止制动块232与固定安装外套22摩擦时打滑。如果逃生吊4、5篮的下降速度过快,逃生吊篮4、5落地时产生的冲击力过大,会对逃生人员的生命安全造成两次损伤。In this embodiment, the friction force when the brake block 232 rubs against the fixed installation jacket 22 is increased by increasing the roughness of the contact surface between the brake block 232 and the inner wall of the fixed installation jacket 22, thereby preventing the brake block 232 from slipping when rubbing against the fixed installation jacket 22. If the descent speed of the escape hanging basket 4, 5 is too fast, the impact force generated when the escape hanging basket 4, 5 lands is too large, which will cause double damage to the life safety of the escapee.
本实施例采用如图12所示结构,固定安装外套22内侧与行星齿轮机构233接触的部分可设置圆柱形内齿,行星齿轮机构233中的齿圈内侧为渐开线内齿,齿圈外侧为圆柱形外齿/网纹滚花,行星齿轮机构233齿圈外侧的圆柱形外齿与固定安装外套22内侧的圆柱形内齿相摩擦或啮合,通过圆柱形外齿或网纹滚花与圆柱形内齿的滑动配合,使行星齿轮机构233齿圈与固定安装外套22可拆卸连接,便于检修时拆卸。This embodiment adopts the structure shown in Figure 12, and the part on the inner side of the fixed mounting sleeve 22 that contacts the planetary gear mechanism 233 can be provided with cylindrical internal teeth. The inner side of the gear ring in the planetary gear mechanism 233 is involute internal teeth, and the outer side of the gear ring is cylindrical external teeth/net knurling. The cylindrical external teeth on the outer side of the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism 233 rub or mesh with the cylindrical internal teeth on the inner side of the fixed mounting sleeve 22. Through the sliding cooperation between the cylindrical external teeth or the net knurling and the cylindrical internal teeth, the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism 233 is detachably connected to the fixed mounting sleeve 22, which is convenient for disassembly during maintenance.
在实施例中,制动块232与固定安装外套22接触的圆弧面上可设置圆柱形外齿或直纹滚花或网纹滚花,离心摩擦减速装置23旋转时,离心摩擦减速装置23上的制动块232向外甩出,与固定安装外套22内壁产生摩擦制动减速,制动
块232上的圆柱形外齿与固定安装外套22内侧的圆柱形内齿相摩擦。In the embodiment, the arc surface of the brake block 232 in contact with the fixed installation sleeve 22 can be provided with cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling or mesh knurling. When the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 rotates, the brake block 232 on the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 is thrown outward, and friction braking and deceleration are generated with the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve 22. The cylindrical outer teeth on the block 232 rub against the cylindrical inner teeth on the inner side of the fixed mounting sleeve 22 .
本实施例中,制动块232与固定安装外套22接触的圆弧面上的圆柱形外齿或直纹滚花的齿高不超过0.5毫米,这样能防止制动块232向外甩出与固定安装外套22内壁摩擦时,两者不会直接因啮合卡死,导致离心摩擦减速装置23锁紧无法转动,离心摩擦减速装置23尾部不能转动的钢绳变向盘24和钢绳收紧辊轮241将钢绳3夹紧,造成钢绳3无法交替收放,逃生吊篮下降受阻的现象出现。In this embodiment, the tooth height of the cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling on the arc surface where the brake block 232 contacts the fixed mounting sleeve 22 does not exceed 0.5 mm. This can prevent the brake block 232 from being thrown outward and rubbing against the inner wall of the fixed mounting sleeve 22. The two will not be directly stuck due to engagement, causing the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 to be locked and unable to rotate. The steel rope steering disc 24 and the steel rope tightening roller 241 at the tail of the centrifugal friction reduction device 23 that cannot rotate clamp the steel rope 3, causing the steel rope 3 to be unable to be alternately retracted and released, and the phenomenon of obstruction of the descent of the escape basket occurs.
本实施例中,安装吊架1还可设置为折叠式结构或是伸缩式结构,如图13所示,安装吊架1的折叠式结构通过两段吊架铰接而成,展开后通过螺栓固定锁紧,在保证安装吊架1结构强度的前提下,通过折叠或伸缩的方式,使安装吊架1的总体长度减半,缩小了本发明装置的整体包装长度,方便收纳到箱体内和搬运携带,且本发明装置设计重量约为9KG,方便安装和搬运,降低本装置安装和搬运的劳动强度。In this embodiment, the mounting hanger 1 can also be set as a folding structure or a telescopic structure, as shown in Figure 13, the folding structure of the mounting hanger 1 is formed by hingedly connecting two sections of the hanger, and is fixed and locked by bolts after unfolding. Under the premise of ensuring the structural strength of the mounting hanger 1, the overall length of the mounting hanger 1 is halved by folding or telescoping, thereby reducing the overall packaging length of the device of the present invention, making it convenient to store in a box and carry it, and the design weight of the device of the present invention is about 9KG, which is convenient for installation and transportation, and reduces the labor intensity of installation and transportation of the device.
本发明的工作方式:The working mode of the present invention is:
第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5未使用时,如图2所示,钢绳3缠绕收纳在钢绳收放绞盘2内,第一逃生吊篮4和第二逃生吊篮5位于同一高度;When the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 are not in use, as shown in FIG. 2 , the steel rope 3 is wound and stored in the steel rope retracting winch 2 , and the first escape hanging basket 4 and the second escape hanging basket 5 are located at the same height;
当高楼发生火灾或其他紧急情况,导致高楼的楼梯、电梯等通道无法使用时,拿出本发明装置,将本装置的安装吊架1安装在窗口的墙体上或结构强度高的防盗窗上,检查本装置安装是否牢靠安全,并确保安装本装置的窗口下方没有危险或阻拦;When a fire or other emergency occurs in a high-rise building, making the stairs, elevators and other passages in the high-rise building unusable, take out the device of the present invention, install the mounting bracket 1 of the device on the wall of the window or on the anti-theft window with high structural strength, check whether the device is installed securely and safely, and ensure that there is no danger or obstruction under the window where the device is installed;
被困人员使用本装置逃生时,如图10、图11所示,将安全绳61一端从背后往前套在人体两侧的腋下,安全绳61另一端套在其中一条腿上,然后将安全绳61的中部挂接在安全绳吊环6上,第一只手抓握住逃生吊篮上的握把7,安全爬出窗口,第二只手抓握住手柄42,没有套接安全绳的一条腿蹬在高楼外墙壁上,控制身体方向;然后向下缓慢拉动手柄42,逃生吊篮随即向下移动,并
根据逃生吊篮的下降速率调整手柄42的拉动幅度,逃生吊篮下降速率快则减小拉动手柄42的拉力,逃生吊篮下降速率慢则增大拉动手柄42的拉力,下降速率过快则放开手柄42,调整好心态再缓慢拉动手柄42,直至人员安全落地,然后解开安全绳61。When the trapped person uses the device to escape, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, one end of the safety rope 61 is put forward from the back to the armpits on both sides of the human body, and the other end of the safety rope 61 is put on one of the legs, and then the middle part of the safety rope 61 is hung on the safety rope ring 6. The first hand grasps the grip 7 on the escape basket and climbs out of the window safely. The second hand grasps the handle 42, and the leg that is not connected with the safety rope is stepped on the outer wall of the high-rise building to control the direction of the body; then the handle 42 is slowly pulled downward, and the escape basket moves downward immediately, and The pulling amplitude of the handle 42 is adjusted according to the descending speed of the escape basket. If the descending speed of the escape basket is fast, the pulling force of the handle 42 is reduced. If the descending speed of the escape basket is slow, the pulling force of the handle 42 is increased. If the descending speed is too fast, release the handle 42, adjust your mentality and then slowly pull the handle 42 until the person lands safely, and then untie the safety rope 61.
第一位被困人员逃生时,打开定位销212,被困人员使用第一逃生吊篮4进行逃生,此时,缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘2上的一段钢绳3作为释放绳,连接钢绳变向盘24的一段钢绳3作为固定绳,第一位被困人员快要下降到地面时,可使用间歇式拉动手柄42的方式下降,防止下降速率过快人体直接触底,第一位被困人员安全落地后,高楼上的其余被困人员根据第一位被困人员的下降高度将定位销212插入定位孔211,定位所需钢绳3的长度,防止钢绳收放绞盘2转动改变钢绳3的长度,并确保逃生吊篮4落到最低点时与地面保持有1-1.5米的留空高度,定位完成后,第二位被困人员使用第二逃生吊篮5进行逃生,此时,固定在安装吊架1左侧固定环上的一段钢绳3作为固定绳,吊拉第一逃生吊篮4的钢绳3作为第二逃生吊篮5的释放绳,第二逃生吊篮5下降的同时第一逃生吊篮4向上移动;第一逃生吊篮4升到逃生窗口且第二位被困人员逃生后,第三位被困人员使用第一逃生吊篮4下降逃生,第二逃生吊篮5被第一逃生吊篮4吊拉上升,依次循环交替升降,实现往复式逃生。When the first trapped person escapes, the positioning pin 212 is opened, and the trapped person uses the first escape basket 4 to escape. At this time, a section of steel rope 3 wound on the steel rope retracting winch 2 is used as a release rope, and a section of steel rope 3 connected to the steel rope reversing disc 24 is used as a fixed rope. When the first trapped person is about to descend to the ground, he can use an intermittent pulling handle 42 to descend to prevent the human body from directly hitting the bottom due to the rapid descent rate. After the first trapped person lands safely, the remaining trapped people on the high-rise building insert the positioning pin 212 into the positioning hole 211 according to the descending height of the first trapped person, locate the required length of the steel rope 3, prevent the steel rope retracting winch 2 from rotating to change the length of the steel rope 3, and ensure When the escape basket 4 falls to the lowest point, it maintains a clearance height of 1-1.5 meters with the ground. After positioning is completed, the second trapped person uses the second escape basket 5 to escape. At this time, a section of steel rope 3 fixed on the fixed ring on the left side of the installation hanger 1 is used as a fixed rope, and the steel rope 3 that pulls the first escape basket 4 is used as a release rope for the second escape basket 5. When the second escape basket 5 descends, the first escape basket 4 moves upward; after the first escape basket 4 rises to the escape window and the second trapped person escapes, the third trapped person uses the first escape basket 4 to descend and escape, and the second escape basket 5 is lifted and lifted by the first escape basket 4, and the lifting and lowering are cyclically alternated in sequence to achieve reciprocating escape.
应当说明的是,以上对本发明的技术方案进行了详细介绍,对本发明的原理进行了描述,以上工作原理的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。It should be noted that the technical solution of the present invention is introduced in detail above, and the principle of the present invention is described. The above description of the working principle is only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离本发明的结构或者超越本权利要求所定义
的范围,均属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Those skilled in the art may modify or supplement the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.
Claims (10)
- 一种往复式灾难救生装置,包括安装于高楼上的安装吊架(1),安装吊架(1)下方设置有钢绳收放绞盘(2),其特征在于:钢绳收放绞盘(2)下方通过钢绳(3)连接有用于上下升降的第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5),A reciprocating disaster rescue device comprises a mounting hanger (1) mounted on a high-rise building, a steel rope retracting winch (2) is arranged below the mounting hanger (1), and the device is characterized in that a first escape basket (4) and a second escape basket (5) for lifting up and down are connected below the steel rope retracting winch (2) through a steel rope (3).所述钢绳收放绞盘(2)上设置有楼层高度定位装置(21),用于调整定位钢绳(3)的收放长度;The steel rope retracting winch (2) is provided with a floor height positioning device (21) for adjusting the retracting length of the positioning steel rope (3);所述安装吊架(1)下方固定设置有固定安装外套(22),钢绳收放绞盘(2)同轴活动设置在固定安装外套(22)上,固定安装外套(22)内部设置有离心摩擦减速装置(23),离心摩擦减速装置(23)通过钢绳(3)收放带动其旋转,离心摩擦减速装置(23)通过旋转产生的离心力与固定安装外套(22)内壁摩擦,用于降低钢绳(3)收放的速度;A fixed installation jacket (22) is fixedly arranged below the installation hanger (1), a steel rope retracting winch (2) is coaxially movably arranged on the fixed installation jacket (22), a centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) is arranged inside the fixed installation jacket (22), the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) is driven to rotate by the retracting of the steel rope (3), and the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) generates centrifugal force through rotation and rubs against the inner wall of the fixed installation jacket (22), so as to reduce the speed of retracting the steel rope (3);所述第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)内设置有人体自重自动刹车系统(41),第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)内的钢绳(3)设置于人体自重自动刹车系统(41)上,人体自重自动刹车系统(41)连接手柄(42)的安装端,手柄(42)的持握端穿出逃生吊篮外侧,逃生人员通过安全绳(61)吊接在人体自重自动刹车系统(41)上,用于逃生人员乘坐逃生吊篮(4、5)下降逃生时自动刹车,手柄(42)用于控制第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)在钢绳(3)的下降速度;手柄(42)未拉下时,吊篮(4)被人体自重锁定,不会下滑;The first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are provided with a human body self-weight automatic brake system (41); the steel ropes (3) in the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) are arranged on the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41); the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41) is connected to the mounting end of the handle (42); the gripping end of the handle (42) passes through the outside of the escape basket; the escapee is suspended on the human body self-weight automatic brake system (41) through a safety rope (61), and is used for automatic braking when the escapee rides on the escape basket (4, 5) to escape; the handle (42) is used to control the descending speed of the first escape basket (4) and the second escape basket (5) on the steel rope (3); when the handle (42) is not pulled down, the basket (4) is locked by the human body self-weight and will not slide down;所述第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)分别通过钢绳(3)对折吊拉形成双钢绳(3)承重,第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)交替上下移动进行逃生。 The first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5) are respectively suspended by folding the steel rope (3) in half to form a double steel rope (3) load-bearing system, and the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5) are alternately moved up and down for escape.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述钢绳(3)一端固定设置在安装吊架(1)上,钢绳(3)的另一端从第二逃生吊篮(5)上方穿入,经过第二逃生吊篮(5)内的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)后从第二逃生吊篮(5)上方穿出;钢绳收放绞盘(2)内设置有钢绳变向盘(24),从第二逃生吊篮(5)上方穿出的钢绳(3)经钢绳变向盘(24)变向后从第一逃生吊篮(4)上方穿入,经过第一逃生吊篮(4)内的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)后从第一逃生吊篮(4)上方穿出,穿出后的钢绳(3)缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘(2)的绞盘内。A reciprocating disaster rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the steel rope (3) is fixedly arranged on the mounting bracket (1), and the other end of the steel rope (3) penetrates from above the second escape basket (5), passes through the human body weight automatic brake system (41) in the second escape basket (5), and then passes out from above the second escape basket (5); a steel rope turning disc (24) is arranged in the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the steel rope (3) passing from above the second escape basket (5) passes through the steel rope turning disc (24) after changing direction, and then penetrates from above the first escape basket (4), passes through the human body weight automatic brake system (41) in the first escape basket (4), and then passes out from above the first escape basket (4), and the steel rope (3) after passing out is wound in the winch of the steel rope retracting winch (2).
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述的楼层高度定位装置(21)包括:The reciprocating disaster rescue device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the floor height positioning device (21) comprises:定位孔(211),圆周设置于钢绳收放绞盘(2)上;A positioning hole (211) is circumferentially arranged on the steel rope retracting winch (2);定位销(212),安装于安装吊架(1)下方的安装板上,定位销(212)的位置与定位孔(211)的位置相适配;A positioning pin (212) is mounted on the mounting plate below the mounting hanger (1), and the position of the positioning pin (212) matches the position of the positioning hole (211);所述楼层高度定位装置(21)定位的钢绳(3)长度与最低层地面间设置有1至1.5米的留空长度。A gap length of 1 to 1.5 meters is provided between the length of the steel rope (3) positioned by the floor height positioning device (21) and the ground of the lowest floor.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述的离心摩擦减速装置(23)包括:The reciprocating disaster rescue device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the centrifugal friction deceleration device (23) comprises:离心滑槽(231),径向设置在固定安装外套(22)内部;A centrifugal chute (231) is radially arranged inside the fixed mounting sleeve (22);制动块(232),两个制动块(232)滑动设置于离心滑槽(231)内,离心滑槽(231)旋转时,制动块(232)通过离心力向外甩出与固定安装外套(22)内壁相摩擦;Braking blocks (232), two braking blocks (232) are slidably disposed in the centrifugal chute (231), and when the centrifugal chute (231) rotates, the braking blocks (232) are thrown outward by centrifugal force and rub against the inner wall of the fixedly mounted outer sleeve (22);行星齿轮机构(233),设置于离心滑槽(231)后方,离心滑槽(231)安装在行星齿轮机构(233)的中心齿轮上,钢绳收放绞盘(2) 同轴设置在行星齿轮机构(233)的齿圈上,行星齿轮机构(233)用于加快离心摩擦减速装置(23)的转速。The planetary gear mechanism (233) is arranged behind the centrifugal chute (231), and the centrifugal chute (231) is installed on the central gear of the planetary gear mechanism (233). The gear is coaxially arranged on the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233), and the planetary gear mechanism (233) is used to increase the rotation speed of the centrifugal friction reduction device (23).
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)包括:The reciprocating disaster rescue device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the human body weight automatic braking system (41) comprises:固定压绳块(411),设置于第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)内的下部位置,固定压绳块(411)上端设置有转动的圆柱形压块;A fixed rope-pressing block (411) is arranged at a lower position inside the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and a rotating cylindrical pressing block is arranged at the upper end of the fixed rope-pressing block (411);活动压绳块(412),活动设置于固定压绳块(411)上方,活动压绳块(412)下端设置有转动的圆柱形压块,固定压绳块(411)上的圆柱形压块与活动压绳块上的圆柱形压块交错对应,用于压紧或放松钢绳(3);A movable rope pressing block (412) is movably arranged above the fixed rope pressing block (411), a rotating cylindrical pressing block is arranged at the lower end of the movable rope pressing block (412), the cylindrical pressing block on the fixed rope pressing block (411) and the cylindrical pressing block on the movable rope pressing block correspond to each other in an alternating manner, and are used to tighten or loosen the steel rope (3);摇臂压块(413),铰接设置于活动压绳块(412)上方,活动压绳块(412)铰接在摇臂压块(413)中部,用于下压活动压绳块(412);A rocker arm pressing block (413) is hingedly arranged above the movable rope pressing block (412), and the movable rope pressing block (412) is hingedly connected to the middle of the rocker arm pressing block (413) and is used to press down the movable rope pressing block (412);拨叉齿轮(414),设置于摇臂压块(413)旁,摇臂压块(413)上部卡接在拨叉齿轮(414)的拨叉内,用于上下拨动摇臂压块(413);The shift fork gear (414) is arranged beside the rocker arm pressing block (413), and the upper part of the rocker arm pressing block (413) is clamped in the shift fork of the shift fork gear (414) for shifting the rocker arm pressing block (413) up and down;手柄根部齿轮(415),与拨叉齿轮(414)的齿相啮合,手柄根部齿轮(415)轴连接手柄(42)一端,手柄(42)另二端伸出第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)外侧;The handle root gear (415) meshes with the teeth of the shift fork gear (414), the handle root gear (415) is connected to one end of the handle (42) through its axis, and the other two ends of the handle (42) extend out of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5);压绳块复位弹簧(416),第一端固定设置于摇臂压块(413)上方的逃生吊篮壳体上,第二端连接摇臂压块(413),用于拉动摇臂压块(413)复位。The rope-pressing block reset spring (416) has a first end fixedly disposed on the escape basket housing above the rocker arm pressure block (413), and a second end connected to the rocker arm pressure block (413) for pulling the rocker arm pressure block (413) to reset.
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述摇臂压块(413)上端连接有安全绳吊环(6),安全绳吊环(6)从第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)下端穿出,安全绳 吊环(6)用于连接安全绳(61);A reciprocating disaster rescue device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper end of the rocker arm pressing block (413) is connected to a safety rope ring (6), the safety rope ring (6) passes through the lower ends of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and the safety rope The lifting ring (6) is used to connect the safety rope (61);第一逃生吊篮(4)或第二逃生吊篮(5)在下降过程中,逃生人员自身体重通过安全绳吊环(6)拉动摇臂压块(413)下压形成自锁;During the descent of the first escape hanging basket (4) or the second escape hanging basket (5), the escapee's own weight pulls the rocker arm pressing block (413) downwards through the safety rope hanging ring (6) to form a self-locking state;所述手柄根部齿轮(415)与拨叉齿轮(414)的传动比小于1。The transmission ratio between the handle root gear (415) and the shift fork gear (414) is less than 1.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述的人体自重自动刹车系统(41)两侧各设置有两个定滑轮(43),定滑轮(43)用于为钢绳(3)改变方向;在人体自重自动刹车系统(41)左右两侧定滑轮(43)上的钢绳(3)运动方向相反,用于抵消钢绳(3)运行时产生的扭力。According to the reciprocating disaster rescue device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: two fixed pulleys (43) are respectively arranged on both sides of the human body weight automatic braking system (41), and the fixed pulleys (43) are used to change the direction of the steel rope (3); the steel rope (3) on the fixed pulleys (43) on the left and right sides of the human body weight automatic braking system (41) moves in opposite directions, which is used to offset the torque generated when the steel rope (3) is running.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述安装吊架(1)上设置有钢绳收紧装置(11),用于收紧缠绕在钢绳收放绞盘(2)上的钢绳(3),钢绳收紧装置(11)包括收紧定位块(111)、收紧伸缩杆(112)、收紧块(113)和复位弹簧(114),收紧定位块(111)设置于安装吊架(1)上,收紧伸缩杆(112)活动设置在收紧定位块(111)上,收紧块(113)设置于收紧伸缩杆(112)下端,收紧块(113)下端与钢绳收放绞盘(2)上的钢绳(3)相接触,复位弹簧(114)同轴设置于收紧伸缩杆(112)上。A reciprocating disaster rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a steel rope tightening device (11) is arranged on the mounting hanger (1), which is used to tighten the steel rope (3) wound on the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the steel rope tightening device (11) includes a tightening positioning block (111), a tightening telescopic rod (112), a tightening block (113) and a reset spring (114), the tightening positioning block (111) is arranged on the mounting hanger (1), the tightening telescopic rod (112) is movably arranged on the tightening positioning block (111), the tightening block (113) is arranged at the lower end of the tightening telescopic rod (112), the lower end of the tightening block (113) is in contact with the steel rope (3) on the steel rope retracting winch (2), and the reset spring (114) is coaxially arranged on the tightening telescopic rod (112).
- 根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置,其特征在于:所述钢绳变向盘(24)同轴设置于行星齿轮机构(233)的中心齿轮轴上,钢绳变向盘(24)下方设置有钢绳收紧辊轮(241);A reciprocating disaster rescue device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: the steel rope steering disc (24) is coaxially arranged on the central gear shaft of the planetary gear mechanism (233), and a steel rope tightening roller (241) is arranged below the steel rope steering disc (24);所述的第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)外壳上各设置有一个握把(7),两个握把(7)分别设置于第一逃生吊篮(4)和第二逃生吊篮(5)的正中间。A handle (7) is respectively arranged on the outer shell of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5), and the two handles (7) are respectively arranged in the middle of the first escape hanging basket (4) and the second escape hanging basket (5).
- 根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的一种往复式灾难救生装置, 其特征在于:所述固定安装外套(22)与制动块(232)的接触面为粗糙面,固定安装外套(22)内壁和制动块(232)接触固定安装外套(22)的圆弧面上设置有圆柱形外齿或直纹滚花或网纹滚花;A reciprocating disaster rescue device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, The invention is characterized in that the contact surface between the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the brake block (232) is a rough surface, and cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling or mesh knurling are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the arc surface of the brake block (232) contacting the fixed installation sleeve (22);所述固定安装外套(22)与行星齿轮机构(233)齿圈接触面上设置有圆柱形内齿,行星齿轮机构(233)齿圈外侧设置有与固定安装外套(22)圆柱形齿相啮合的圆柱形外齿;The contact surface between the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233) is provided with cylindrical internal teeth, and the outer side of the gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism (233) is provided with cylindrical external teeth meshing with the cylindrical teeth of the fixed installation sleeve (22);所述固定安装外套(22)内壁和制动块(232)接触固定安装外套(22)的圆弧面上的圆柱形外齿或直纹滚花的齿高不超过0.5毫米。 The tooth height of the cylindrical external teeth or straight knurling on the arc surface of the inner wall of the fixed installation sleeve (22) and the brake block (232) contacting the fixed installation sleeve (22) does not exceed 0.5 mm.
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CN202310034510.X | 2023-01-10 | ||
CN202310034510.XA CN117180651A (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Reciprocating disaster lifesaving device |
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CN117180651A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-12-08 | 张敖明 | Reciprocating disaster lifesaving device |
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US4457400A (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-07-03 | Gernnimo Industries, Ltd. | Emergency descent device |
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CN201453859U (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-05-12 | 张敖明 | High-rise quick lifesaving machine |
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CN109248386A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-01-22 | 珠海索奇电子科技有限公司 | A kind of life-saving device for high-rise fire hazard |
CN214912785U (en) * | 2021-05-09 | 2021-11-30 | 济南特赛夫防护用品有限公司 | Escape descent control device |
CN117180651A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-12-08 | 张敖明 | Reciprocating disaster lifesaving device |
-
2023
- 2023-01-10 CN CN202310034510.XA patent/CN117180651A/en active Pending
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- 2024-01-10 WO PCT/CN2024/071579 patent/WO2024149291A1/en unknown
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ATA574978A (en) * | 1978-08-08 | 1983-04-15 | Lamprecht Dieter | RESCUE DEVICE FOR RELING DOWN PEOPLE |
US4457400A (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-07-03 | Gernnimo Industries, Ltd. | Emergency descent device |
CN201353383Y (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-12-02 | 项怀韬 | Hydraulic damping high-rise escape slow descending device |
CN201453859U (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-05-12 | 张敖明 | High-rise quick lifesaving machine |
WO2018167798A1 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | Mhatre Bhushan | Comprehensive user controlled high rise descent and emergency escape and rescue system |
CN109248386A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-01-22 | 珠海索奇电子科技有限公司 | A kind of life-saving device for high-rise fire hazard |
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CN117180651A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-12-08 | 张敖明 | Reciprocating disaster lifesaving device |
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