WO2024148709A1 - 基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法 - Google Patents

基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024148709A1
WO2024148709A1 PCT/CN2023/090156 CN2023090156W WO2024148709A1 WO 2024148709 A1 WO2024148709 A1 WO 2024148709A1 CN 2023090156 W CN2023090156 W CN 2023090156W WO 2024148709 A1 WO2024148709 A1 WO 2024148709A1
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Prior art keywords
air
steam generator
adsorbent
outlet duct
carbon capture
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PCT/CN2023/090156
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方朝君
孔凡海
姚啸林
鲍强
王乐乐
姚燕
杨晓宁
马云龙
王凯
罗彦佩
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Suzhou Xire Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Suzhou Xire Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2024148709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024148709A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of carbon capture technology, and specifically relates to a direct air carbon capture and utilization system and method based on MOFs adsorbent.
  • Carbon dioxide directly captured from the air can be used as industrial raw materials to feed back the land and enter the closed loop of carbon cycle, which can produce a negative carbon effect and help reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
  • the primary challenge facing DAC technology is the energy consumption of carbon capture under low concentration conditions, as well as how to achieve a higher adsorption capacity of the adsorbent under low concentrations, and how to achieve rapid mass transfer and adsorption and desorption.
  • the Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN113813746A discloses a device for directly capturing carbon dioxide from the air. It uses a thin-layer moving bed and a spherical solid amine adsorbent. The height of the thin-layer moving bed is 10m to 25m. The spherical solid amine adsorbent needs to be transferred up and down in it, which causes great wear and tear on the system.
  • the Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN112169537A discloses a rapid temperature-swing adsorption rotary direct air carbon dioxide capture system to achieve continuous capture of carbon dioxide.
  • Due to The rotor that needs to be formed using 3D printing technology is an integral structure. Although it has good performance, the cost is extremely high.
  • MOFs metal organic framework materials
  • MOFs materials often have a developed pore structure and a huge specific surface area, and have excellent surface and pore tunability, and can be regenerated at a lower temperature.
  • MOFs materials containing metal centers such as Mg-MOF-74, MIL-101 (Cr), and SIFSIX-3-Cu/Ni/Zn all show high carbon dioxide adsorption performance.
  • MOFs materials are easy to make into thin sheets, and the material is generally light, which is easy to assemble and use.
  • MOFs materials and carbon dioxide capture there are few studies on the combination of MOFs materials and carbon dioxide capture.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a direct air carbon capture and utilization system and method based on MOFs adsorbent.
  • Direct air carbon capture and utilization system based on MOFs adsorbent including:
  • An adsorption reactor system the adsorption reactor system is used to adsorb CO2 from the air or to desorb it;
  • a steam generator and a drain recovery system wherein the steam generator and the drain recovery system are connected to the adsorption reactor system and are used to provide a heat source for the adsorption reactor system;
  • a regenerative cooling and water removal system wherein the regenerative cooling and water removal system is connected to the adsorption reactor system, the steam generator and the drain recovery system;
  • the air When it is necessary to adsorb CO 2 from the air, the air enters the adsorption reactor system for carbon adsorption and then is discharged into the atmosphere;
  • the steam generator and the hydrophobic recovery system provide heat sources for the adsorption reactor system, increase the temperature of the area where the adsorbent module is located in the adsorption reactor system, start the regeneration cooling and water removal system, generate a slightly negative pressure environment, and then desorb the adsorbed CO2 .
  • the direct air carbon capture and utilization system based on MOFs adsorbent provided in the present application also includes a solar power generation and energy storage system, which is connected to the steam generator and the hydrophobic recovery system to provide electrical energy for the steam generator and the hydrophobic recovery system.
  • the solar power generation and energy storage system includes a photovoltaic module array, a controller and an energy storage battery.
  • the photovoltaic module array is connected to the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is connected to the controller and controlled by it, and the energy storage battery is connected to the steam generator and the electric steam generator of the drain recovery system and supplies power to them.
  • the adsorption reactor system includes a direct air carbon capture tower, an air inlet duct is arranged at the lower part of the direct air carbon capture tower, a plurality of air inlet guide plates are arranged at the lower part of the direct air carbon capture tower, an air inlet local network is arranged inside the direct air carbon capture tower and above the air inlet guide plate, a plurality of heat dissipation fins and a plurality of adsorbent modules are arranged inside the direct air carbon capture tower and above the air inlet local network, the direct air carbon capture tower is connected to the steam generator and the electric steam generator of the drain recovery system, a decarbonization outlet duct baffle door and a CO2 outlet duct baffle door are arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the direct air carbon capture tower, the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door is connected to the decarbonization outlet duct, the CO2 outlet duct baffle door is connected to the
  • the baffle doors of the air outlet duct are not opened at the same time.
  • a CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer is provided on the decarbonization air outlet duct. Carbon adsorption or desorption is determined according to the CO2 concentration value detected by the CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer.
  • carbon adsorption is required, the baffle door of the decarbonization air outlet duct is opened and the baffle door of the CO2 air outlet duct is closed.
  • the baffle door of the decarbonization air outlet duct is closed and the baffle door of the CO2 air outlet duct is opened.
  • the adsorbent modules and the heat dissipation fins are arranged alternately, which is an indirect heat exchange method.
  • the adsorbent modules are arranged in a matrix, and the number of layers of the adsorbent modules is set to 2 to 5.
  • Each adsorbent module contains 50 to 200 MOFs adsorbent sheets.
  • the gaps between the MOFs adsorbent sheets are air circulation channels. When the air flows through the surface of the MOFs adsorbent sheets, the CO2 in the air is adsorbed.
  • the steam generator and drain recovery system include an electric steam generator, heat sink fins, a drain tank and a drain reflux pump.
  • An emergency drain pipe is arranged at the lower part of the electric steam generator, and the electric steam generator is connected with the drain tank inlet through the emergency drain pipe.
  • the drain tank outlet is connected with the electric steam generator through the reflux pipe and the drain reflux pump arranged thereon.
  • a make-up water inlet pipe is arranged at the upper part of the electric steam generator, and a plurality of heat sink fins are arranged and arranged inside the direct air carbon capture tower of the adsorption reactor system.
  • the rated steam outlet pressure of the electric steam generator is 0.3MPa-0.6MPa, and the rated gas outlet temperature is 120°C-145°C.
  • the regeneration cooling and water removal system includes a variable frequency regeneration fan and a cooling water remover, one end of the variable frequency regeneration fan is connected to the CO2 outlet air duct of the adsorption reactor system, and the other end of the variable frequency regeneration fan is connected to the cooling water remover.
  • the cooling water remover is connected to the steam generator and the electric steam generator of the drain recovery system.
  • the present application also provides a method for direct air carbon capture and utilization based on MOFs adsorbents, wherein carbon capture and utilization is performed using the direct air carbon capture and utilization system based on MOFs adsorbents as described above, and the method comprises the following steps:
  • Air containing normal concentration of carbon dioxide enters the direct air carbon capture tower from the air intake duct, flows upward after being distributed by the intake guide plate, forms a smooth airflow after being evenly distributed by the intake local net, and continues to flow upward and through the adsorbent module;
  • the decarbonization air outlet duct damper door and the decarbonization air outlet duct are opened, and the CO2 in the airflow contacts with the adsorbent module and is adsorbed.
  • the airflow purified by the adsorbent module is discharged to the atmosphere through the decarbonization air outlet duct damper door and the decarbonization air outlet duct.
  • the CO2 air outlet duct damper door, the CO2 air outlet duct, and the variable frequency regeneration fan are in a shutdown state;
  • the CO2 concentration value detected by the CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer reaches 90% or above the inlet CO2 concentration value, it enters the desorption state.
  • the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door is closed, the CO2 outlet duct baffle door is opened, the variable frequency regeneration fan is started, the valve on the air inlet pipe is opened, and the heat dissipation fins inside the direct air carbon capture tower are supplied with air through the electric steam generator.
  • the temperature of the area where the adsorbent module is located is increased to 80-100°C.
  • the CO2 adsorbed by the adsorbent module is desorbed through the micro-negative pressure environment generated by the temperature increase and the start-up of the variable frequency regeneration fan and sent out by the variable frequency regeneration fan, thereby realizing the regeneration and drying of the adsorbent module.
  • the system returns to the carbon adsorption state and continues to capture CO2 in the atmosphere, and this cycle is repeated.
  • the present application discloses a direct air carbon capture and utilization system and method based on MOFs adsorbents, wherein MOFs adsorbents are used as adsorption materials for carbon adsorption in an adsorption reactor system, and a heat source is provided to the adsorption reactor system through a steam generator and a hydrophobic recovery system to increase the temperature of the area where the MOFs adsorbents are located, so as to facilitate desorption in the later stage.
  • the captured carbon dioxide is used for urban agriculture, and electric energy is provided to the steam generator and the hydrophobic recovery system through a solar power generation and energy storage system, thereby achieving the goal of a win-win situation for air carbon capture and agricultural economy and a greener energy supply.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application.
  • the direct air carbon capture and utilization system based on MOFs adsorbent mainly includes: a solar power generation and energy storage system, a steam generator and hydrophobic recovery system, an adsorption reactor system, and a regenerative cooling and water removal system.
  • the carbon dioxide captured by this system is used to supply the greenhouse 11.
  • the adsorption reactor system comprises a direct air carbon capture tower 2, wherein an air inlet duct 1 is arranged at the lower part of the direct air carbon capture tower 2, wherein a plurality of air inlet guide plates 3, an air inlet local network 4, and a plurality of adsorbent modules 51 are arranged inside the direct air carbon capture tower 2, wherein the air inlet guide plate 3 is arranged at the lower part of the direct air carbon capture tower 2, the air inlet local network 4 is arranged above the air inlet guide plate 3, and the adsorbent module 51 is arranged above the air inlet local network 4; a decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 and a CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7 are arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the direct air carbon capture tower 2, the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 is connected with the decarbonization outlet duct 6, the CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7 is connected with the CO2 outlet duct 8, the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 and the CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7
  • the adsorbent modules 51 are preferably arranged in a matrix, and the number of layers of the adsorbent modules 51 can be set to 2 to 5 layers.
  • the number of layers of the adsorbent modules 51 should not be too many to avoid increasing the height of the direct air carbon capture tower 2.
  • Each adsorbent module 51 contains a plurality of MOFs adsorbent sheets, and the number of sheets installed is determined according to the needs and the size of the adsorbent module frame, generally 50 to 200 sheets, and the gaps between the sheets are air circulation channels. When the air circulates on the surface of the sheets, the CO 2 in the air is adsorbed on the surface of the sheets.
  • the steam generator and drain recovery system includes an electric steam generator 24, a heat sink fin 25, a drain box 26, a drain reflux pump 27, etc.
  • a plurality of heat sink fins 25 are provided, which are arranged in the direct air carbon capture tower 2, and the adsorbent module 51 and the heat sink fins 25 are arranged alternately, which is an indirect heat exchange method;
  • the electric energy required by the electric steam generator 24 is mainly provided by the solar power generation and energy storage system, and an external power supply is provided as a backup power supply, which can automatically switch the power supply mode.
  • a water inlet pipe 29 is provided on the upper part of the electric steam generator 24, and an emergency drain pipe 28 is provided on the lower part of the electric steam generator 24.
  • the electric steam generator 24 is connected to the inlet of the drain tank 26 through the emergency drain pipe 28, and the outlet of the drain tank 26 is connected to the electric steam generator 24 through the return pipe and the drain return pump 27 provided thereon.
  • the water in the electric steam generator 24 can be discharged into the drain tank 26 through the lower emergency drain pipe 28.
  • Several valves can be provided on the emergency drain pipe 28 and the return pipe according to actual needs.
  • the rated steam outlet pressure of the electric steam generator 24 is 0.3MPa-0.6MPa, the rated outlet temperature is 120°C-145°C, the pressure during water inlet and water replenishment is stable, and water recycling is achieved by setting up a drain tank 26, thereby saving water consumption of the carbon capture system.
  • the solar power generation and energy storage system includes a photovoltaic array 21, a controller 22, and an energy storage battery 23.
  • the photovoltaic array 21 can be connected in series or parallel according to demand, and is a component used to convert solar energy into electrical energy output;
  • the controller 22 integrates control functions, inverters, and monitoring functions, and controls the charging and discharging conditions of the energy storage battery 23;
  • the energy storage battery 23 stores the generated electrical energy, and releases the stored electrical energy to meet the energy demand of the electric steam generator 24 at night or when the load demand is greater than the amount of electricity generated by the photovoltaic array 21.
  • the controller 22 is connected to a CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer, and the CO2 concentration data detected by the CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer is transmitted to the controller 22 for analysis and processing, and carbon adsorption or desorption is determined according to the CO2 concentration.
  • the regenerative cooling and water removal system comprises a variable frequency regeneration fan 9 and a cooling water remover 10.
  • the water cooled from the cooling water remover 10 is sent to the electric steam generator 24 as a supplementary water source through a condensation return water pipe 30.
  • a direct air carbon capture and utilization method based on MOFs adsorbent comprises the following steps:
  • the smooth airflow continues to move upward and when flowing through the adsorbent module 51, the CO2 therein is adsorbed during the contact process with the MOFs adsorbent sheet.
  • the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 and the decarbonization outlet duct 6 are opened, and the airflow purified by the adsorbent module 51 is discharged to the atmosphere through the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 and the decarbonization outlet duct 6.
  • the CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7, the CO2 outlet duct 8, and the variable frequency regeneration fan 9 are in a shutdown state.
  • the desorption state is entered, the decarbonization outlet air duct baffle door 5 is closed, the blower air intake is stopped, the CO2 outlet air duct baffle door 7 is opened, the variable frequency regeneration fan 9 is started, and the valve on the air inlet pipe 31 is opened.
  • the air supply 24 supplies air to the heat dissipation fins 25 inside the direct air carbon capture tower 2, raising the temperature of the area where the adsorbent module 51 is located to 80-100°C.
  • the CO 2 adsorbed by the adsorbent module 51 is desorbed by the slightly negative pressure environment generated by the temperature increase and the start-up of the variable frequency regeneration fan 9 and sent to the greenhouse 11 by the variable frequency regeneration fan 9, thus achieving the regeneration and drying of the adsorbent.
  • the system returns to the carbon adsorption state and continues to capture CO 2 in the atmosphere, and the cycle repeats.
  • the opening and closing of the decarbonization air outlet duct baffle door 5 and the CO2 air outlet duct baffle door 7 can be manually controlled or controlled by the controller 22.
  • the direct air carbon capture and utilization system based on MOFs adsorbent is designed based on the characteristics of low carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere (about 420 ppm).
  • the system mainly includes: solar power generation and energy storage system, steam generator and hydrophobic recovery system, adsorption reactor system, regenerative cooling and water removal system.
  • the carbon dioxide captured by this system is used to supply the greenhouse 11.
  • the adsorption reactor system comprises a direct air carbon capture tower 2, wherein an air inlet duct 1 is arranged at the lower part of the direct air carbon capture tower 2, wherein a plurality of air inlet guide plates 3, an air inlet local network 4, and a plurality of adsorbent modules 51 are arranged inside the direct air carbon capture tower 2, wherein the air inlet guide plate 3 is arranged at the lower part of the direct air carbon capture tower 2, the air inlet local network 4 is arranged above the air inlet guide plate 3, the adsorbent module 51 is arranged above the air inlet local network 4, and the adsorbent module 51 and the heat dissipation fin 25 are arranged alternately, which is an indirect heat exchange method; a decarbonization outlet air duct baffle door 5 and a CO2 outlet air duct baffle door 7 are arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the direct air carbon capture tower 2, the opening and closing of the decarbonization outlet air duct baffle door 5 and the CO2 outlet air duct baffle door 7 can be
  • the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 When carbon adsorption is required, the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 is opened and the CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7 is closed, while the desorption process is just the opposite, that is, the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 is closed and the CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7 is opened.
  • a CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer is arranged on the decarbonization outlet duct 6.
  • the MOFs adsorbent
  • the gaps between the thin plates are air circulation channels. When the air flows through the surface of the thin plates, the CO2 in the air is adsorbed on the surface of the thin plates.
  • the length ⁇ width of the air circulation surface is 400mm ⁇ 600mm.
  • the steam generator and drain recovery system include an electric steam generator 24, a heat sink fin 25, a drain tank 26, a drain reflux pump 27, etc.
  • an electric steam generator 24 a heat sink fin 25 a drain tank 26, a drain reflux pump 27, etc.
  • heat sink fins 25 which are arranged in the direct air carbon capture tower 2; the electric energy required by the electric steam generator 24 is mainly provided by the solar power generation and energy storage system, and an external power supply is provided as a backup power supply, which can automatically switch the power supply mode.
  • a make-up water inlet pipe 29 is provided on the upper part of the electric steam generator 24, and an emergency drain pipe 28 is provided on the lower part of the electric steam generator 24.
  • the electric steam generator 24 is connected to the inlet of the drain tank 26 through the emergency drain pipe 28, and the outlet of the drain tank 26 is connected to the electric steam generator 24 through the reflux pipe and the drain reflux pump 27 arranged thereon.
  • the water in the electric steam generator 24 can be discharged into the drain tank 26 through the lower emergency drain pipe 28.
  • Several valves can be provided on the emergency drain pipe 28 and the reflux pipe according to actual needs.
  • the rated steam outlet pressure of the electric steam generator 24 is 0.3MPa-0.6MPa, the rated outlet temperature is 120°C-145°C, the pressure during water inlet and water replenishment is stable, and water recycling is achieved by setting up a drain tank 26, thereby saving water consumption of the carbon capture system.
  • the solar power generation and energy storage system includes a photovoltaic array 21, a controller 22, and an energy storage battery 23.
  • the photovoltaic array 21 can be connected in series or parallel according to demand, and is a component used to convert solar energy into electrical energy output;
  • the controller 22 integrates control functions, inverters, and monitoring functions, and controls the charging and discharging conditions of the energy storage battery 23;
  • the energy storage battery 23 stores the generated electrical energy, and releases the stored electrical energy to meet the energy needs of the electric steam generator 24 at night or when the load demand is greater than the amount of electricity generated by the photovoltaic array 21.
  • the controller 22 is connected to a CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer, and the CO2 concentration data detected by the CO2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer is transmitted to the controller 22 for analysis and processing, and carbon adsorption or desorption is determined according to the CO2 concentration.
  • the regenerative cooling and water removal system comprises a variable frequency regeneration fan 9 and a cooling water remover 10.
  • the water cooled from the cooling water remover 10 is sent to the electric steam generator 24 as a supplementary water source through a condensation return water pipe 30.
  • a direct air carbon capture and utilization method based on MOFs adsorbent comprises the following steps:
  • Air containing normal concentration of carbon dioxide enters the direct air carbon capture tower 2 from the air inlet duct 1 through the blower, flows upward after being diverted and distributed by the air inlet guide plate 3, and forms a gentle airflow after being evenly distributed through the air inlet local network 4.
  • the gentle airflow continues to flow upward and when it flows through the adsorbent module 51, the CO2 therein is adsorbed during the contact process with the MOFs adsorbent sheet.
  • the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 and the decarbonization outlet duct 6 are opened.
  • the airflow purified by the adsorbent module 51 is discharged to the atmosphere through the decarbonization outlet duct baffle door 5 and the decarbonization outlet duct 6. At this time, the CO2 outlet duct baffle door 7, the CO2 outlet duct 8, and the variable frequency regeneration fan 9 are in a shutdown state.
  • the controller 22 analyzes that the CO 2 concentration value detected by the CO 2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer reaches 90% of the inlet CO 2 concentration value, it enters the desorption state, closes the decarbonization outlet air duct baffle door 5, stops the blower air intake, opens the CO 2 outlet air duct baffle door 7, starts the variable frequency regeneration fan 9, opens the valve on the air intake pipe 31, and supplies air to the heat dissipation fins 25 inside the direct air carbon capture tower 2 through the electric steam generator 24, raises the temperature of the area where the adsorbent module 51 is located to 80-100°C, and desorbs the CO 2 adsorbed by the adsorbent module 51 through the micro-negative pressure environment generated by the temperature increase and the start of the variable frequency regeneration fan 9 and is sent to the greenhouse 11 by the variable frequency regeneration fan 9, realizing the regeneration and drying of the adsorbent.
  • the controller 22 analyzes that the CO 2 concentration value detected by the CO 2 non-dispersive infrared analyzer reaches 90% of the inlet

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Abstract

本申请公开了基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法，该系统包括：吸附反应器系统，用于吸附空气中的CO2或进行解吸附；蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统，与吸附反应器系统相连，用于为吸附反应器系统提供热源；再生冷却除水系统，与吸附反应器系统和蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统相连。本申请中，采用MOFs吸附剂作为吸附反应器系统进行碳吸附的吸附材料，通过蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统为吸附反应器系统提供热源，以升高MOFs吸附剂所在区域的温度，便于后期实现解吸附，捕集的二氧化碳用于都市农业，通过太阳能发电与储能系统为蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统提供电能，可实现空气碳捕集与农业经济双赢、能源供给更绿色的目标。

Description

基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2023年1月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310040321.3、发明名称为“基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请属于碳捕集技术领域，具体涉及基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法。
背景技术
2020年9月，我国宣布2030年实现“碳达峰”和2060年实现“碳中和”(简称双碳)的目标，碳捕集与利用封存技术的发展迎来高峰期。在工业源二氧化碳捕集示范工程得到了大量部署，作为重要的补充和缓解碳封存中运输环节的成本压力的手段，直接空气捕集技术(direct air capture，DAC)也得到了重视与发展。Klaus Lackner教授等于1999年发表论文“Carbon Dioxide Extraction From Air:Is It An Option？”，第一次正式提出DAC技术，截至2022年初，全球已有18个DAC工程项目建成运营，但中国尚无工程示范案例。从空气中直接捕集的二氧化碳可以作为工业原料，对土地进行反哺，进入碳循环闭环，能够产生负碳的效应，有助于降低大气中二氧化碳浓度水平。DAC技术面临的首要挑战是低浓度情况下碳捕集的能耗问题，以及低浓度下吸附剂如何实现较高的吸附容量、如何实现快速传质和吸脱附等。
申请公布号为CN113813746A的中国发明专利，公布了一种从空气中直接捕集二氧化碳的装置，其采用的是薄层移动床和球形固态胺吸附剂，薄层移动床的高度为10m～25m，球型固态胺吸附剂需要在其中上下转移，系统磨损较大。申请公布号为CN112169537A的中国发明专利，公布了一种快速变温吸附转轮式直接空气二氧化碳捕集系统实现连续捕集二氧化碳，但是由于 需要使用3D打印技术成型的转轮为整体式结构，性能虽好，但是成本极高。
我们注意到各种金属有机框架材料(MOFs)被不断开发出来，MOFs材料往往具有发达的孔道结构和巨大的比表面积，兼具优良的表面和孔道可调变性，在较低温度下便可实现再生。含有金属中心的Mg-MOF-74、MIL-101(Cr)、SIFSIX-3-Cu/Ni/Zn等MOFs材料均表现出了较高的二氧化碳吸附性能。MOFs材料容易制成薄板形式，且材质一般较轻，便于组装和使用。但是将MOFs材料与二氧化碳捕集的研究甚少。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，本申请的目的在于提供基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法。
为实现上述目的，达到上述技术效果，本申请采用的技术方案为：
基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，包括：
吸附反应器系统，所述吸附反应器系统用于吸附空气中的CO2或进行解吸附；
蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统，所述蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统与吸附反应器系统相连，用于为吸附反应器系统提供热源；
再生冷却除水系统，所述再生冷却除水系统与吸附反应器系统和蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统相连；
当需要吸附空气中的CO2时，空气进入吸附反应器系统进行碳吸附后排入大气；
当需要解吸附时，通过蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统为吸附反应器系统提供热源，升高吸附反应器系统内的吸附剂模块所在区域的温度，启动再生冷却除水系统，产生微负压环境，进而将吸附的CO2解吸出来。
在本申请提供的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统中，还包括太阳能发电与储能系统，所述太阳能发电与储能系统与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统相连，用于为蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统提供电能。
所述太阳能发电与储能系统包括光伏组件方阵、控制器和储能电池，所述光伏组件方阵与储能电池相连，所述储能电池与控制器相连并受其控制，所述储能电池与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统的电蒸汽发生器相连并为其供电。
在本申请提供的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统中，所述吸附反应器系统包括直接空气碳捕集塔，所述直接空气碳捕集塔下部设置有空气进气风道，所述直接空气碳捕集塔内部下方设置有若干个进气导流板，所述直接空气碳捕集塔内部且位于进气导流板上方设置有进气局部网，所述直接空气碳捕集塔内部且位于进气局部网上方设置有若干个散热翅片和若干个吸附剂模块，所述直接空气碳捕集塔与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统的电蒸汽发生器相连，所述直接空气碳捕集塔上部外侧设置有脱碳出气风道挡板门与CO2出气风道挡板门，所述脱碳出气风道挡板门与脱碳出气风道相连通，所述CO2出气风道挡板门与CO2出气风道相连通再连通再生冷却除水系统，所述脱碳出气风道挡板门与CO2出气风道挡板门不同时打开，所述脱碳出气风道上设置有CO2非分散红外分析仪，根据CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数值决定进行碳吸附或解吸附，当需要进行碳吸附时，脱碳出气风道挡板门打开，CO2出气风道挡板门关闭，当需要解吸附时，脱碳出气风道挡板门关闭，CO2出气风道挡板门打开。
所述吸附剂模块与散热翅片相间布置，为间接换热方式。
所述吸附剂模块呈矩阵式布置，所述吸附剂模块的层数设置为2～5层，每个吸附剂模块含有50～200片MOFs吸附剂薄板，MOFs吸附剂薄板之间的间隙为空气流通通道，空气在流通MOFs吸附剂薄板表面时其中的CO2被吸附下来。
在本申请提供的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统中，所述蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统包括电蒸汽发生器、散热翅片、疏水箱和疏水回流泵，所述电蒸汽发生器下部设置有事故排水管，所述电蒸汽发生器通过事故排水管与疏水箱入口相连通，所述疏水箱出口通过回流管及其上设置的疏水回流泵与电蒸汽发生器相连通，所述电蒸汽发生器上部设置有补充水进水管，所述散热翅片设置有若干个并设置于吸附反应器系统的直接空气碳捕集塔内部。
所述电蒸汽发生器的额定出汽压力为0.3MPa～0.6MPa，额定出气温度为120℃～145℃。
在本申请提供的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统中，所述再生冷却除水系统包括变频再生风机和冷却除水器，所述变频再生风机一端与吸附反应器系统的CO2出气风道相连通，所述变频再生风机另一端与冷 却除水器相连通，所述冷却除水器与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统的电蒸汽发生器相连通。
本申请还提供了基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用方法，采用如上所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统进行碳捕集及利用，所述方法包括以下步骤：
含有正常浓度二氧化碳的空气从空气进气风道进入直接空气碳捕集塔内，经过进气导流板导流分配后向上流动，通过进气局部网的均布后形成平缓气流，继续向上并流经吸附剂模块；
当需要进行碳吸附时，打开脱碳出气风道挡板门和脱碳出气风道，气流中的CO2与吸附剂模块接触并被吸附下来，通过吸附剂模块净化后的气流经过脱碳出气风道挡板门和脱碳出气风道排向大气，此时，CO2出气风道挡板门、CO2出气风道、变频再生风机处于停运状态；
当CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数值达到90％及以上的入口CO2浓度值时，进入解吸附状态，此时，关闭脱碳出气风道挡板门，打开CO2出气风道挡板门，启动变频再生风机，打开进气管道上的阀门，通过电蒸汽发生器给直接空气碳捕集塔内部的散热翅片供气，升高吸附剂模块所在区域的温度至80～100℃，通过升温及变频再生风机启动产生的微负压环境将吸附剂模块吸附的CO2解吸出来并被变频再生风机送出，实现吸附剂模块的再生与干燥；当解吸附完成后，系统再恢复到碳吸附状态，继续捕集大气中的CO2，以此循环反复。
与现有技术相比，本申请的有益效果为：
本申请公开了基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统和方法，采用MOFs吸附剂作为吸附反应器系统进行碳吸附的吸附材料，通过蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统为吸附反应器系统提供热源，以升高MOFs吸附剂所在区域的温度，便于后期实现解吸附，捕集的二氧化碳用于都市农业，通过太阳能发电与储能系统为蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统提供电能，可实现空气碳捕集与农业经济双赢、能源供给更绿色的目标。
附图说明
图1为本申请的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请进行详细阐述，以使本申请的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本申请的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
以下给出一个或多个方面的简要概述以提供对这些方面的基本理解。此概述不是所有构想到的方面的详尽综览，并且既非旨在指认出所有方面的关键性或决定性要素亦非试图界定任何或所有方面的范围。其唯一的目的是要以简化形式给出一个或多个方面的一些概念以为稍后给出的更加详细的描述之序。
如图1所示，基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，主要包括：太阳能发电与储能系统、蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统、吸附反应器系统、再生冷却除水系统，通过该系统捕集的二氧化碳用于供给温室大棚11。
吸附反应器系统包括直接空气碳捕集塔2，直接空气碳捕集塔2下部设置有空气进气风道1，直接空气碳捕集塔2内部设置有若干个进气导流板3、进气局部网4、若干个吸附剂模块51，进气导流板3设置于直接空气碳捕集塔2内部下方，进气局部网4设置于进气导流板3上方，吸附剂模块51设置于进气局部网4上方；直接空气碳捕集塔2上部外侧设置有脱碳出气风道挡板门5与CO2出气风道挡板门7，脱碳出气风道挡板门5与脱碳出气风道6相连通，CO2出气风道挡板门7与CO2出气风道8相连通，脱碳出气风道挡板门5与CO2出气风道挡板门7不同时打开，当需要进行碳吸附时，脱碳出气风道挡板门5打开，CO2出气风道挡板门7关闭，而解吸附过程正好相反，即脱碳出气风道挡板门5关闭，CO2出气风道挡板门7打开。脱碳出气风道6上设置有CO2非分散红外分析仪。
吸附剂模块51优选呈矩阵式布置，吸附剂模块51的层数可设置为2～5层，吸附剂模块51的层数不易过多，避免增加直接空气碳捕集塔2的高度，通过合理设计吸附剂模块51的层数可减少设备投资，同时降低系统阻力，节约运行成本。每个吸附剂模块51含有多个MOFs吸附剂薄板，该薄板根据需要和吸附剂模块框架尺寸决定安装片数，一般为50～200片，薄板的间隙为空气流通通道，空气在流通薄板表面时其中的CO2被吸附在薄板表面。
蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统包括电蒸汽发生器24、散热翅片25、疏水箱26、疏水回流泵27等。其中，散热翅片25设置有若干个，设置于直接空气碳捕集塔2内，吸附剂模块51与散热翅片25相间布置，为间接换热方式； 电蒸汽发生器24所需电能主要由太阳能发电与储能系统提供，同时设置有外来电源做备用电源，可自动切换供电方式。电蒸汽发生器24上部设置有补充水进水管29，电蒸汽发生器24下部设置有事故排水管28，电蒸汽发生器24通过事故排水管28与疏水箱26入口相连通，疏水箱26出口通过回流管及其上设置的疏水回流泵27与电蒸汽发生器24相连通，当电蒸汽发生器24进行检修时，可通过下部的事故排水管28将电蒸汽发生器24中的水排入疏水箱26。事故排水管28和回流管上均可根据实际需要设置若干阀门。
电蒸汽发生器24的额定出汽压力为0.3MPa～0.6MPa，额定出气温度为120℃～145℃，进水与补水过程压力平稳，通过设置疏水箱26等实现了水的循环利用，节约了碳捕集系统的用水量。
太阳能发电与储能系统包括光伏组件方阵21、控制器22、储能电池23。其中，光伏组件方阵21可以根据需求串/并联而成，是一种用于将太阳能转换成电能输出的部件；控制器22集成有控制功能、逆变器以及监测功能，它对储能电池23的充、放电条件加以控制；储能电池23则是将产生的电能储存起来，当晚上或者负载需求大于光伏组件方阵21所发的电量时，将储存的电能释放以满足电蒸汽发生器24的能量需求。控制器22与CO2非分散红外分析仪相连，CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数据传送至控制器22进行分析和处理，根据CO2浓度高低决定进行碳吸附或解吸附。
再生冷却除水系统包括变频再生风机9和冷却除水器10，从冷却除水器10冷却下来的水通过冷凝回水水管30送入电蒸汽发生器24作为补充水源。
基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用方法，包括以下步骤：
含有正常浓度二氧化碳的空气经由鼓风机从空气进气风道1进入直接空气碳捕集塔2内，经过进气导流板3导流分配后向上流动，通过进气局部网4的均布后形成平缓气流，平缓气流继续向上并在流经吸附剂模块51时，其中的CO2与MOFs吸附剂薄板接触过程中被吸附下来，当需要进行碳吸附时，打开脱碳出气风道挡板门5和脱碳出气风道6，通过吸附剂模块51净化后的气流经过脱碳出气风道挡板门5和脱碳出气风道6排向大气，此时，CO2出气风道挡板门7、CO2出气风道8、变频再生风机9处于停运状态。当CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数值达到90％的入口CO2浓度值时，进入解吸附状态，关闭脱碳出气风道挡板门5，停止鼓风机进气，打开CO2出气风道挡板门7，启动变频再生风机9，打开进气管道31上的阀门，通过电蒸汽发生 器24给直接空气碳捕集塔2内部的散热翅片25供气，升高吸附剂模块51所在区域的温度至80～100℃，通过升温及变频再生风机9启动产生的微负压环境将吸附剂模块51吸附的CO2解吸出来并被变频再生风机9送出至温室大棚11，实现了吸附剂的再生与干燥。当解吸附完成后，系统再恢复到碳吸附状态，继续捕集大气中的CO2，由此循环反复。
脱碳出气风道挡板门5、CO2出气风道挡板门7的启闭可进行人工控制或受控制器22的控制。
实施例1
如图1所示，基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，是基于大气中二氧化碳浓度低(约420ppm)的特点进行设计的，该系统主要包括：太阳能发电与储能系统、蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统、吸附反应器系统、再生冷却除水系统，通过该系统捕集的二氧化碳用于供给温室大棚11。
吸附反应器系统包括直接空气碳捕集塔2，直接空气碳捕集塔2下部设置有空气进气风道1，直接空气碳捕集塔2内部设置有若干个进气导流板3、进气局部网4、若干个吸附剂模块51，进气导流板3设置于直接空气碳捕集塔2内部下方，进气局部网4设置于进气导流板3上方，吸附剂模块51设置于进气局部网4上方，吸附剂模块51与散热翅片25相间布置，为间接换热方式；直接空气碳捕集塔2上部外侧设置有脱碳出气风道挡板门5与CO2出气风道挡板门7，脱碳出气风道挡板门5、CO2出气风道挡板门7的启闭可进行人工控制或受控制器22的控制，脱碳出气风道挡板门5与脱碳出气风道6相连通，CO2出气风道挡板门7与CO2出气风道8相连通，脱碳出气风道挡板门5与CO2出气风道挡板门7不同时打开，当需要进行碳吸附时，脱碳出气风道挡板门5打开，CO2出气风道挡板门7关闭，而解吸附过程正好相反，即脱碳出气风道挡板门5关闭，CO2出气风道挡板门7打开。脱碳出气风道6上设置有CO2非分散红外分析仪。
吸附剂模块51呈矩阵式布置，吸附剂模块51的层数设置为上下2层，减少了设备投资，同时降低了系统阻力，节约了运行成本，吸附剂模块51安装于框架51上，框架51为合金板拼成的长方体腔型式，框体高度为400mm，沿两个长边的合金板内面设置有厚度为10mm的硅胶衬里，硅胶衬里表面开有0.6mm宽的沟槽，沟槽深度5mm，每个吸附剂模块51含有100片厚度为0.5mm的MOFs吸附剂薄板，MOFs吸附剂薄板安置于沟槽中，MOFs吸附剂 薄板之间的间隙为空气流通通道，空气在流通薄板表面时其中的CO2被吸附在薄板表面，空气流通面的长×宽为400mm×600mm。
蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统包括电蒸汽发生器24、散热翅片25、疏水箱26、疏水回流泵27等。其中，散热翅片25设置有若干个，设置于直接空气碳捕集塔2内；电蒸汽发生器24所需电能主要由太阳能发电与储能系统提供，同时设置有外来电源做备用电源，可自动切换供电方式。电蒸汽发生器24上部设置有补充水进水管29，电蒸汽发生器24下部设置有事故排水管28，电蒸汽发生器24通过事故排水管28与疏水箱26入口相连通，疏水箱26出口通过回流管及其上设置的疏水回流泵27与电蒸汽发生器24相连通，当电蒸汽发生器24进行检修时，可通过下部的事故排水管28将电蒸汽发生器24中的水排入疏水箱26。事故排水管28和回流管上均可根据实际需要设置若干阀门。
电蒸汽发生器24的额定出汽压力为0.3MPa～0.6MPa，额定出气温度为120℃～145℃，进水与补水过程压力平稳，通过设置疏水箱26等实现了水的循环利用，节约了碳捕集系统的用水量。
太阳能发电与储能系统包括光伏组件方阵21、控制器22、储能电池23。其中，光伏组件方阵21可以根据需求串/并联而成，是一种用于将太阳能转换成电能输出的部件；控制器22集成有控制功能、逆变器以及监测功能，它对储能电池23的充、放电条件加以控制；储能电池23则是将产生的电能储存起来，当晚上或者负载需求大于光伏组件方阵21所发的电量时，将储存的电能释放以满足电蒸汽发生器24的能量需求。控制器22与CO2非分散红外分析仪相连，CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数据传送至控制器22进行分析和处理，根据CO2浓度高低决定进行碳吸附或解吸附。
再生冷却除水系统包括变频再生风机9和冷却除水器10，从冷却除水器10冷却下来的水通过冷凝回水水管30送入电蒸汽发生器24作为补充水源。
基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用方法，包括以下步骤：
含有正常浓度二氧化碳(约410ppm，因地略有而异)的空气经由鼓风机从空气进气风道1进入直接空气碳捕集塔2内，经过进气导流板3导流分配后向上流动，通过进气局部网4的均布后形成平缓气流，平缓气流继续向上并在流经吸附剂模块51时，其中的CO2与MOFs吸附剂薄板接触过程中被吸附下来，当需要进行碳吸附时，打开脱碳出气风道挡板门5和脱碳出气风道6， 通过吸附剂模块51净化后的气流经过脱碳出气风道挡板门5和脱碳出气风道6排向大气，此时，CO2出气风道挡板门7、CO2出气风道8、变频再生风机9处于停运状态。当控制器22分析出CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数值达到90％的入口CO2浓度值时，进入解吸附状态，关闭脱碳出气风道挡板门5，停止鼓风机进气，打开CO2出气风道挡板门7，启动变频再生风机9，打开进气管道31上的阀门，通过电蒸汽发生器24给直接空气碳捕集塔2内部的散热翅片25供气，升高吸附剂模块51所在区域的温度至80～100℃，通过升温及变频再生风机9启动产生的微负压环境将吸附剂模块51吸附的CO2解吸出来并被变频再生风机9送出至温室大棚11，实现了吸附剂的再生与干燥。当解吸附完成后，系统再恢复到碳吸附状态，继续捕集大气中的CO2，由此循环反复。
本申请未具体描述的部分或结构采用现有技术或现有产品即可，在此不做赘述。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，包括：
    吸附反应器系统，所述吸附反应器系统用于吸附空气中的CO2或进行解吸附；
    蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统，所述蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统与吸附反应器系统相连，用于为吸附反应器系统提供热源；
    再生冷却除水系统，所述再生冷却除水系统与吸附反应器系统和蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统相连；
    当需要吸附空气中的CO2时，空气进入吸附反应器系统进行碳吸附后排入大气；
    当需要解吸附时，通过蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统为吸附反应器系统提供热源，升高吸附反应器系统内的吸附剂模块所在区域的温度，启动再生冷却除水系统，产生微负压环境，进而将吸附的CO2解吸出来。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，还包括太阳能发电与储能系统，所述太阳能发电与储能系统与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统相连，用于为蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统提供电能。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，所述太阳能发电与储能系统包括光伏组件方阵、控制器和储能电池，所述光伏组件方阵与储能电池相连，所述储能电池与控制器相连并受其控制，所述储能电池与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统的电蒸汽发生器相连并为其供电。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，所述吸附反应器系统包括直接空气碳捕集塔，所述直接空气碳捕集塔下部设置有空气进气风道，所述直接空气碳捕集塔内部下方设置有若干个进气导流板，所述直接空气碳捕集塔内部且位于进气导流板上方设置有进气局部网，所述直接空气碳捕集塔内部且位于进气局部网上方设置有若干个散热翅片和若干个吸附剂模块，所述直接空气碳捕集塔与蒸汽发生器 及疏水回收系统的电蒸汽发生器相连，所述直接空气碳捕集塔上部外侧设置有脱碳出气风道挡板门与CO2出气风道挡板门，所述脱碳出气风道挡板门与脱碳出气风道相连通，所述CO2出气风道挡板门与CO2出气风道相连通再连通再生冷却除水系统，所述脱碳出气风道挡板门与CO2出气风道挡板门不同时打开，所述脱碳出气风道上设置有CO2非分散红外分析仪，根据CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数值决定进行碳吸附或解吸附，当需要进行碳吸附时，脱碳出气风道挡板门打开，CO2出气风道挡板门关闭，当需要解吸附时，脱碳出气风道挡板门关闭，CO2出气风道挡板门打开。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，所述吸附剂模块与散热翅片相间布置，为间接换热方式。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，所述吸附剂模块呈矩阵式布置，所述吸附剂模块的层数设置为2～5层，每个吸附剂模块含有50～200片MOFs吸附剂薄板，MOFs吸附剂薄板之间的间隙为空气流通通道，空气在流通MOFs吸附剂薄板表面时其中的CO2被吸附下来。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统包括电蒸汽发生器、散热翅片、疏水箱和疏水回流泵，所述电蒸汽发生器下部设置有事故排水管，所述电蒸汽发生器通过事故排水管与疏水箱入口相连通，所述疏水箱出口通过回流管及其上设置的疏水回流泵与电蒸汽发生器相连通，所述电蒸汽发生器上部设置有补充水进水管，所述散热翅片设置有若干个并设置于吸附反应器系统的直接空气碳捕集塔内部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统，其特征在于，所述电蒸汽发生器的额定出汽压力为0.3MPa～0.6MPa，额定出气温度为120℃～145℃。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系 统，其特征在于，所述再生冷却除水系统包括变频再生风机和冷却除水器，所述变频再生风机一端与吸附反应器系统的CO2出气风道相连通，所述变频再生风机另一端与冷却除水器相连通，所述冷却除水器与蒸汽发生器及疏水回收系统的电蒸汽发生器相连通。
  10. 基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用方法，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-9任一所述的基于MOFs吸附剂的直接空气碳捕集及利用系统进行碳捕集及利用，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    含有正常浓度二氧化碳的空气从空气进气风道进入直接空气碳捕集塔内，经过进气导流板导流分配后向上流动，通过进气局部网的均布后形成平缓气流，继续向上并流经吸附剂模块；
    当需要进行碳吸附时，打开脱碳出气风道挡板门和脱碳出气风道，气流中的CO2与吸附剂模块接触并被吸附下来，通过吸附剂模块净化后的气流经过脱碳出气风道挡板门和脱碳出气风道排向大气，此时，CO2出气风道挡板门、CO2出气风道、变频再生风机处于停运状态；
    当CO2非分散红外分析仪检测的CO2浓度数值达到90％及以上的入口CO2浓度值时，进入解吸附状态，此时，关闭脱碳出气风道挡板门，打开CO2出气风道挡板门，启动变频再生风机，打开进气管道上的阀门，通过电蒸汽发生器给直接空气碳捕集塔内部的散热翅片供气，升高吸附剂模块所在区域的温度至80～100℃，通过升温及变频再生风机启动产生的微负压环境将吸附剂模块吸附的CO2解吸出来并被变频再生风机送出，实现吸附剂模块的再生与干燥；当解吸附完成后，系统再恢复到碳吸附状态，继续捕集大气中的CO2，以此循环反复。
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CN119701890B (zh) * 2024-12-14 2025-10-17 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 适用于小型沼气发电的碳捕集材料的制备方法及应用
CN121016401A (zh) * 2025-09-23 2025-11-28 内蒙古财经大学 一种空气碳捕集吸附装置

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