WO2024142602A1 - 露光装置、デバイス製造方法及び制御方法 - Google Patents
露光装置、デバイス製造方法及び制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024142602A1 WO2024142602A1 PCT/JP2023/039707 JP2023039707W WO2024142602A1 WO 2024142602 A1 WO2024142602 A1 WO 2024142602A1 JP 2023039707 W JP2023039707 W JP 2023039707W WO 2024142602 A1 WO2024142602 A1 WO 2024142602A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70283—Mask effects on the imaging process
- G03F7/70291—Addressable masks, e.g. spatial light modulators [SLMs], digital micro-mirror devices [DMDs] or liquid crystal display [LCD] patterning devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70058—Mask illumination systems
- G03F7/70075—Homogenization of illumination intensity in the mask plane by using an integrator, e.g. fly's eye lens, facet mirror or glass rod, by using a diffusing optical element or by beam deflection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70058—Mask illumination systems
- G03F7/70091—Illumination settings, i.e. intensity distribution in the pupil plane or angular distribution in the field plane; On-axis or off-axis settings, e.g. annular, dipole or quadrupole settings; Partial coherence control, i.e. sigma or numerical aperture [NA]
- G03F7/70116—Off-axis setting using a programmable means, e.g. liquid crystal display [LCD], digital micromirror device [DMD] or pupil facets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70258—Projection system adjustments, e.g. adjustments during exposure or alignment during assembly of projection system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70483—Information management; Active and passive control; Testing; Wafer monitoring, e.g. pattern monitoring
- G03F7/70491—Information management, e.g. software; Active and passive control, e.g. details of controlling exposure processes or exposure tool monitoring processes
- G03F7/70516—Calibration of components of the microlithographic apparatus, e.g. light sources, addressable masks or detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/7085—Detection arrangement, e.g. detectors of apparatus alignment possibly mounted on wafers, exposure dose, photo-cleaning flux, stray light, thermal load
Definitions
- the exposure apparatus includes a module including a spatial light modulation element including a plurality of micromirrors that are driven to switch between an on state and an off state based on drawing data, an illumination unit that irradiates illumination light onto the spatial light modulation element, and a projection unit that projects reflected light from the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element onto a substrate as an imaging light beam, a control unit that stores illuminance-related information including an illuminance difference of the imaging light beam that occurs according to the distribution density of the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element and the angular error of the tilt angle of the on-state micromirrors, and an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the position or angle of the optical member in the illumination unit or the projection unit, or the angle of the spatial light modulation element, according to the illuminance-related information, when driving the spatial light modulation element based on the drawing data to project the imaging light beam onto the substrate.
- a control unit that stores illuminance-
- 1 is a diagram that illustrates a state in which the DMD 10 and the projection unit PLU are tilted at an angle ⁇ k within the XY plane.
- 10A and 10B are diagrams for explaining in detail the imaging state of the micromirrors of the DMD 10 by the projection unit PLU.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of an MFE lens 108A serving as an optical integrator 108, viewed from the light exit surface side.
- 8 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of an example of the positional relationship between a point light source SPF formed on the exit surface side of a lens element EL of the MFE lens 108A in FIG. 7 and the exit ends of optical fiber bundles FBn.
- FIG. 1 shows a part of the mirror surface of the DMD 10 as viewed in the X'Y' plane, and shows a case where only one row of micromirrors Ms aligned in the Y' direction are in the ON state.
- This is a view of the mirror surface of DMD 10 in Figure 12 as viewed along the arrows a-a' in the X'Z plane.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a schematic representation of an imaging state of reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa from an isolated micromirror Msa in the X'Z plane by a projection unit PLU.
- pattern exposure apparatus pattern formation apparatus
- the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and includes various modifications or improvements.
- the components described below include those that a person skilled in the art would easily imagine, and those that are substantially the same, and the components described below can be combined as appropriate.
- various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the components can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Note that the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings and the following detailed description for parts and components that achieve the same or similar functions.
- the XY plane of the Cartesian coordinate system XYZ is set parallel to the flat surface of the base plate 3 of the stage device, and the XY stage 4A is set so as to be able to move in translation within the XY plane.
- the direction parallel to the X axis of the coordinate system XYZ is set as the scanning movement direction of the substrate P (XY stage 4A) during scanning exposure.
- the movement position of the substrate P in the X-axis direction is measured sequentially by the interferometer IFX, and the movement position in the Y-axis direction is measured sequentially by at least one (preferably two or more) of the four interferometers IFY1 to IFY4.
- Each of the exposure modules MU(A), MU(B), and MU(C) further includes a digital mirror device (DMD) 10 that serves as an optical modulation section that reflects illumination light from the illumination unit ILU in the -Z direction and causes it to enter the projection unit PLU.
- DMD digital mirror device
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of projection areas IAn of a digital mirror device (DMD) 10 projected onto a substrate P by the projection units PLU of each of the exposure modules MU(A), MU(B), and MU(C), with the Cartesian coordinate system XYZ set to the same as in FIG. 1.
- the first row of exposure modules MU(A), the second row of exposure modules MU(B), and the third row of exposure modules MU(C), which are spaced apart in the X direction each consist of nine modules aligned in the Y direction.
- Exposure module MU(A) consists of nine modules MU1 to MU9 arranged in the +Y direction
- exposure module MU(B) consists of nine modules MU10 to MU18 arranged in the -Y direction
- exposure module MU(C) consists of nine modules MU19 to MU27 arranged in the +Y direction.
- Modules MU1 to MU27 all have the same configuration, and when exposure module MU(A) and exposure module MU(B) are arranged facing each other in the X direction, exposure module MU(B) and exposure module MU(C) are arranged back-to-back in the X direction.
- the shape of the projection areas IA1, IA2, IA3, ..., IA27 (sometimes referred to as IAn, where n is 1 to 27) by each of the modules MU1 to MU27 is, as an example, a rectangle extending in the Y direction with an aspect ratio of approximately 1:2.
- patchwork exposure is performed at the -Y direction ends of each of the projection areas IA1 to IA9 in the first row and the +Y direction ends of each of the projection areas IA10 to IA18 in the second row.
- the areas on the substrate P that are not exposed by each of the projection areas IA1 to IA18 in the first and second rows are patchwork exposed by each of the projection areas IA19 to IA27 in the third row.
- the center point of each of the projection areas IA1 to IA9 in the first row is located on a line k1 parallel to the Y axis
- the center point of each of the projection areas IA10 to IA18 in the second row is located on a line k2 parallel to the Y axis
- the center point of each of the projection areas IA19 to IA27 in the third row is located on a line k3 parallel to the Y axis.
- the distance in the X direction between lines k1 and k2 is set to distance XL1
- the distance in the X direction between lines k2 and k3 is set to distance XL2.
- the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ is set to be the same as in Figures 1 and 2, and the coordinate system X'Y' in projection areas IA8, IA9, IA10, IA27 (and all other projection areas IAn) is set to be inclined at an angle ⁇ k with respect to the X and Y axes (lines k1 to k3) of the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ. That is, the entire DMD 10 is tilted by an angle ⁇ k in the XY plane so that the two-dimensional arrangement of the numerous micromirrors of the DMD 10 forms the coordinate system X'Y'.
- the projected images of the micromirrors arranged diagonally (at an angle ⁇ k) at the end of the projection area IA10 in the -Y' direction are set to overlap with the projected images of the micromirrors arranged diagonally (at an angle ⁇ k) at the end of the projection area IA27 in the +Y' direction.
- the projected images of the micromirrors arranged diagonally (at an angle ⁇ k) at the end of the projection area IA8 in the +Y' direction are set to overlap with the projected images of the micromirrors arranged diagonally (at an angle ⁇ k) at the end of the projection area IA27 in the -Y' direction.
- FIG. 4 is an optical layout diagram showing the specific configuration of the module MU18 in the exposure module MU(B) shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 and the module MU19 in the exposure module MU(C) as viewed in the XZ plane.
- the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ in FIG. 4 is set to be the same as the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3.
- the module MU18 is shifted by a certain distance in the +Y direction with respect to the module MU19, and is installed back-to-back.
- the optical fiber unit FBU shown in FIG. 1 is composed of 27 optical fiber bundles FB1 to FB27 corresponding to each of the 27 modules MU1 to MU27 shown in FIG. 2.
- the optical fiber bundle FB18 is composed of one optical fiber line or a bundle of multiple optical fiber lines.
- the illumination light ILm irradiated from the output end of the optical fiber bundle FB18 (each of the optical fiber lines) is set to a numerical aperture (NA, also called a spread angle) such that it is incident without being eclipsed by the input lens system 104 in the subsequent stage.
- NA numerical aperture
- the position of the front focal point of the input lens system 104 is designed to be the same as the position of the output end of the optical fiber bundle FB18.
- the position of the back focal point of the input lens system 104 is set so that the illumination light ILm from a single or multiple point light sources formed at the output end of the optical fiber bundle FB18 is superimposed on the incident surface side of the MFE lens 108A of the optical integrator 108. Therefore, the incident surface of the MFE lens 108A is Koehler illuminated by the illumination light ILm from the output end of the optical fiber bundle FB18.
- the geometric center point in the XY plane of the output end of the optical fiber bundle FB18 is located on the optical axis AXc, and the chief ray (center line) of the illumination light ILm from the point light source at the output end of the optical fiber line is parallel (or coaxial) with the optical axis AXc.
- the position of the front focal point of the condenser lens system 110 is set to be approximately the same as the position of the exit surface of the MFE lens 108A. Therefore, each of the illumination lights from the point light sources formed on the exit side of each of the many microlenses of the MFE lens 108A is converted into an approximately parallel light beam by the condenser lens system 110, reflected by the inclined mirror 112, and then superimposed on the DMD 10 to form a uniform illuminance distribution.
- the exit surface of the MFE lens 108A generates a surface light source in which many point light sources (light focusing points) are densely arranged in a two-dimensional manner, so it functions as a surface light source component.
- the optical axis AXc which is parallel to the Z axis and passes through the condenser lens system 110, is bent by the tilted mirror 112 to reach the DMD 10, and the optical axis between the tilted mirror 112 and the DMD 10 is the optical axis AXb.
- the neutral plane including the center points of each of the many micromirrors of the DMD 10 is set parallel to the XY plane. Therefore, the angle between the normal to the neutral plane (parallel to the Z axis) and the optical axis AXb is the incident angle ⁇ of the illumination light ILm to the DMD 10.
- the DMD 10 is attached to the underside of the mount 10M fixed to the support column of the illumination unit ILU.
- the mount 10M is provided with a fine movement stage that combines a parallel link mechanism and an expandable piezoelectric element, for example, as disclosed in International Patent Publication No. 2006/120927.
- the light absorber 115 absorbs light energy in the ultraviolet wavelength range (wavelengths of 400 nm or less) without re-reflecting it and converts it into heat energy. For this reason, the light absorber 115 is also provided with a heat dissipation mechanism (heat dissipation fins and a cooling mechanism). Although not shown in FIG. 4, the reflected light from the micromirrors of DMD 10 that are in the off state during the exposure period is absorbed by a similar light absorber (not shown in FIG. 4) installed in the Y direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 4) with respect to the optical path between DMD 10 and projection unit PLU.
- a similar light absorber not shown in FIG. 4 installed in the Y direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 4) with respect to the optical path between DMD 10 and projection unit PLU.
- the projection unit PLU attached to the underside of the optical base 5 is configured as a double-telecentric imaging projection lens system composed of a first lens group 116 and a second lens group 118 arranged along an optical axis AXa parallel to the Z axis.
- the first lens group 116 and the second lens group 118 are configured to translate in a direction along the Z axis (optical axis AXa) by a micro-movement actuator, respectively, relative to a support column fixed to the underside of the optical base 5.
- the projection magnification Mp is set to approximately 1/6, taking into consideration the tilt angle ⁇ k in the XY plane of the projection area IAn (DMD10) described above in FIG. 3.
- the imaging projection lens system consisting of lens groups 116 and 118 inverts/flips a reduced image of the entire mirror surface of DMD10 and images it on the projection area IA18 (IAn) on the substrate P.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the DMD 10 and projection unit PLU are tilted by an angle ⁇ k in the XY plane.
- the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ is the same as the coordinate systems XYZ in FIGS. 1 to 4
- the array coordinate system X'Y' of the micromirrors Ms of the DMD 10 is the same as the coordinate system X'Y' shown in FIG. 3.
- the circle containing the DMD 10 is the image field PLf on the object side of the projection unit PLU, and the optical axis AXa is located at its center.
- the optical axis AXc that passes through the condenser lens system 110 of the illumination unit ILU is bent by the tilted mirror 112 to form an optical axis AXb, which is positioned so that it is tilted by an angle ⁇ k from a line Lu parallel to the X-axis when viewed in the XY plane.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the imaging state of the micromirror Ms of the DMD 10 by the projection unit PLU (imaging projection lens system)
- the Cartesian coordinate system X'Y'Z in Fig. 6 is the same as the coordinate system X'Y'Z shown in Figs. 3 and 5, and Fig. 6 illustrates the optical path from the condenser lens system 110 of the illumination unit ILU to the substrate P.
- the illumination light ILm from the condenser lens system 110 travels along the optical axis AXc, is totally reflected by the tilted mirror 112, and reaches the mirror surface of the DMD 10 along the optical axis AXb.
- An exit pupil (also simply called a pupil) Ep is set between the lens group G3 and the lens group G4 of the second lens group 118.
- a light source image of the illumination light ILm (a collection of many point light sources formed on the exit surface side of the MFE lens 108A) is formed, forming a Koehler illumination configuration.
- the pupil Ep is also called the aperture of the projection unit PLU, and the size (diameter) of that aperture is one of the factors that determine the resolution of the projection unit PLU.
- the illumination light ILm irradiated onto the entire mirror surface of the DMD 10 has a uniform illuminance distribution (for example, intensity unevenness within ⁇ 1%) due to the action of the optical integrator 108.
- the exit end side of the MFE lens 108A and the surface of the pupil Ep of the projection unit PLU are set in an optically conjugate relationship by the condenser lens system 110 and the lens groups G1 to G3 of the projection unit PLU.
- Figure 8(A) shows the case where the optical fiber bundle FBn is a single optical fiber line
- Figure 8(B) shows the case where two optical fiber lines are arranged in the X' direction as the optical fiber bundle FBn
- Figure 8(C) shows the case where three optical fiber lines are arranged in the X' direction as the optical fiber bundle FBn.
- the exit end of the optical fiber bundle FBn and the exit surface of the MFE lens 108A are set in an optically conjugate relationship (imaging relationship), so when the optical fiber bundle FBn is a single optical fiber line, a single point light source SPF is formed at the center position of the exit surface side of the lens element EL as shown in FIG. 8(A).
- the geometric center of the two point light sources SPF is formed at the center position of the exit surface side of the lens element EL as shown in FIG. 8(B).
- the geometric center of the three point light sources SPF is formed at the center position of the exit surface side of the lens element EL as shown in FIG. 8(C).
- the focusing position of the point light source SPF may be set in space slightly shifted outward from the exit surface of the MFE lens 108A (exit surface of the lens element EL).
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the light source image Ips formed on the pupil Ep in the second lens group 118 of the projection unit PLU in FIG. 6 when the entire mirror surface of the DMD 10 is assumed to be a single plane mirror and the plane mirror is tilted by an angle ⁇ /2 so as to be parallel to the inclined mirror 112 in FIG. 6.
- the light source image Ips shown in FIG. 9 is a re-image of a number of point light sources SPF (which become a surface light source gathered in a nearly circular shape) formed on the exit surface side of the MFE lens 108A.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams that show the behavior of the illumination light (imaging light flux) Sa on the optical path from the pupil Ep of the second lens group 118 shown in FIG. 6 to the substrate P.
- the orthogonal coordinate system X'Y'Z in FIGS. 10A and 10B is the same as the coordinate system X'Y'Z in FIG. 6.
- lens groups G4 and G5 are arranged along the optical axis AXa between the pupil Ep and the substrate P, and a circular light source image (surface light source image) Ips is formed in the pupil Ep as shown in FIG. 9.
- the principal ray of the reflected light (imaging light flux) Sa that passes through one point on the periphery in the X' direction of the light source image (surface light source image) Ips and enters the lens groups G4 and G5 is denoted as La.
- FIG. 12 shows a state where the power supply to the drive circuit is turned on, and the micromirrors Msa in the on state and Msb in the off state are mixed.
- the angle of incidence ⁇ of illumination light ILm on the DMD 10 is the tilt angle with respect to the Z axis in the X'Z plane, and from the perspective of geometrical optics, the micromirror Msa in the ON state, tilted in the X' direction by an angle ⁇ /2, generates reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa that travels in the -Z direction, nearly parallel to the Z axis.
- the reflected light Sg reflected by the micromirror Msb in the OFF state is generated in the -Z direction, non-parallel to the Z axis, because the micromirror Msb is tilted in the Y' direction.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a part of the mirror surface of the DMD 10 as viewed in the X'Y' plane
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the a-a' arrow portion of the mirror surface of the DMD 10 in FIG. 13 as viewed in the X'Z plane.
- FIG. 13 of the many micromirrors Ms, only one row of micromirrors Ms aligned in the Y' direction are micromirrors Msa in the on state, and the other micromirrors Ms are micromirrors Msb in the off state.
- the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa from the micromirror Msa in the on state is generated in the -Z direction parallel to the Z axis, and the reflected light Sg from the micromirror Msb in the off state is generated in the -Z direction but tilted in the direction along the line Lh in FIG. 11.
- Reflected light Sg from the other off-state micromirrors Msb does not enter the projection unit PLU. Note that when the on-state micromirror Msa is an isolated one in the X' direction (or a row in the Y' direction), the chief ray La of the reflected light (imaging light flux) Sa is parallel to the optical axis AXa, regardless of the wavelength ⁇ of the illumination light ILm.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the imaging state of the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa from the isolated micromirror Msa as shown in FIG. 14 by the projection unit PLU in the X'Z plane.
- the same reference numerals are used for components having the same functions as those described in FIG. 6 above.
- Io represents the peak value of the light intensity Ie
- the position of the peak value Io due to the reflected light Sa from an isolated row (or single unit) of micromirrors Msa coincides with the origin 0 in the X' (or Y') direction, i.e., the position of the optical axis AXa.
- the position ⁇ ra in the X' (or Y') direction of the first dark line where the light intensity Ie of the point spread distribution Iea first becomes the minimum value (0) from the origin 0 generally corresponds to the position of the radius ri of the light source image Ips described above in FIG. 9.
- the actual intensity distribution in the pupil Ep is the convolution integral (convolution calculation) of the point spread distribution Iea over the spread range ( ⁇ value) of the light source image Ips shown in FIG. 9, and is approximately uniform in intensity.
- the inclination angle of -1.04° (-1.037° to be precise) of the 9th order diffracted light Id9 is converted to the numerical aperture NAo on the object side of approximately 0.018, and the intensity distribution Hpa of the imaging light beam Sa' (regular reflected light component) in the pupil Ep is displaced in the X' direction from the original position of the light source image Ips (radius ri) by a shift amount ⁇ Dx.
- part of the intensity distribution Hpb due to the 8th order diffracted light Id8 also appears around the +X' direction in the pupil Ep, but its peak intensity is low.
- the inclination angle of the 10th-order diffracted light Id10 from the optical axis AXa on the object plane side is large at 4.81°, its intensity distribution is distributed outside the pupil Ep and does not pass through the projection unit PLU.
- the intensity distribution Hpa of the imaging light beam (regularly reflected light component) in the pupil Ep appears displaced in the X' direction from the original position of the light source image Ips (radius ri) in response to the inclination angle of 0.85° of the 17th-order diffracted light Id17 and the inclination angle of -1.04° of the 18th-order diffracted light Id18.
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the relationship between the central wavelength ⁇ and the telecentric error ⁇ t based on the above formula (2), with the horizontal axis representing the central wavelength ⁇ (nm) and the vertical axis representing the telecentric error ⁇ t (deg) on the image surface side.
- the pitch Pdx (Pdy) of the micromirrors Ms of the DMD 10 is 5.4 ⁇ m
- the tilt angle ⁇ d of the micromirrors Ms is 17.5°
- the angle of incidence ⁇ of the illumination light ILm is 35°
- the micromirrors Ms are densely turned on as shown in FIGS.
- a fiber amplifier laser light source is composed of a semiconductor laser element that generates seed light in the infrared wavelength range, a high-speed switching element (electro-optic element, etc.) for the seed light, an optical fiber that amplifies the switched seed light with pump light, and a wavelength conversion element that converts the amplified light in the infrared wavelength range into pulsed light of a harmonic (ultraviolet wavelength range).
- the peak wavelength of ultraviolet light that can increase the generation efficiency (conversion efficiency) with a combination of available semiconductor laser elements, optical fibers, and wavelength conversion elements is 343.333 nm.
- the illumination light ILm that combines multiple lights with slightly shifted peak wavelengths, it is possible to suppress the contrast of speckles (or interference fringes) that occur on the micromirror Ms of the DMD 10 (as well as on the substrate P) due to the coherence of the illumination light ILm. Details of this will be described later.
- FIG. 28 is an exaggerated view showing the state of the point light source SPF formed on the exit surface side of the MFE lens 108A when the illumination light ILm incident on the MFE lens 108A is tilted in the X'Z plane.
- the central ray (principal ray) of the illumination light ILm is parallel to the optical axis AXc
- the point light source SPF focused on the exit surface side of each lens element EL of the MFE lens 108A is located at the center in the X' direction, as shown by the white circle in FIG. 28.
- a variable aperture diaphragm (a sigma value adjustment diaphragm) 108B is provided on the exit surface side of the MFE lens 108A, and the MFE lens 108A and the variable aperture diaphragm 108B are attached integrally to a holder 108C.
- the holder 108C (MFE 108A) is provided so that its position in the X'Y' plane can be finely adjusted by a fine movement mechanism 108D such as a microhead or a piezoelectric motor.
- the fine movement mechanism 108D that finely moves the MFE lens 108A two-dimensionally in the X'Y' plane functions as a second telecentric adjustment mechanism.
- the circular opening of the variable aperture diaphragm 108B (circular area APh in FIG. 7) is decentered with respect to the optical axis AXc.
- the surface light source formed in the circular opening (circular area APh) also shifts in the X' direction as a whole.
- the chief ray (central ray) of the illumination light ILm irradiated to the DMD 10 can be tilted in the X'Z plane with respect to the optical axis AXb in FIG. 27, that is, the incidence angle ⁇ of the illumination light ILm to the DMD 10 can be changed from the initial setting angle (35.0°) in the X'Z plane.
- the incidence angle ⁇ can be changed in the same way even if the fine movement mechanism 108D is configured to finely move only the variable aperture diaphragm 108B independently in the X'Y' plane.
- the telecentric error can also be corrected by adjusting the original angle of the inclined mirror 112 shown in Figures 4, 6, and 27 using a fine movement mechanism such as a microhead or a piezoelectric actuator, and fine-tuning the incident angle ⁇ (for example, 35.0° by design) of the illumination light ILm to the DMD 10.
- the telecentric error may be corrected by finely adjusting the inclination of the mirror surface (neutral plane Pcc) of the DMD 10 using a fine movement stage that combines a parallel link mechanism and a piezoelectric element of the mount unit 10M shown in Figures 4 and 27.
- adjustment of the angle of the inclined mirror 112 and the DMD 10 is used for rough adjustment because the reflected light is inclined at an angle double that of the adjustment angle. Furthermore, adjustment of the angle of the DMD 10 causes an image plane inclination in which the conjugate plane (best focus plane) of the neutral plane Pcc projected onto the substrate P is inclined in the direction of scanning exposure (X' direction or X direction) with respect to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AXa.
- a mechanism for decentering a specific lens group or lens in the projection unit PLU with respect to the optical axis AXa may be provided to correct the telecentric error ⁇ t.
- the tilt correction system (two wedge-shaped deflection prisms, etc.) may be provided in the illumination unit ILU.
- the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ in FIG. 29 is set to be the same as the coordinate system XYZ in FIG. 1.
- beams LB1 to LB4 beam diameter 1 mm or less
- laser light sources fiber amplifier laser light sources
- Each of the laser light sources FL1 to FL4 has a fundamental peak wavelength of 343.333 nm, and oscillates pulsed light with a light emission duration (duration time) on the order of several tens of picoseconds at peak wavelengths (spectral widths of about 0.05 nm) that differ by a predetermined wavelength.
- Each of the four laser light sources FL1 to FL4 synchronously oscillates pulsed light at a predetermined timing in response to clock pulses of a common clock signal (e.g., a frequency of 200 KHz).
- the timing of the pulse oscillation of each of the four laser light sources FL1 to FL4 may be completely identical in synchronization with the clock signal, or they may oscillate sequentially with a time difference (delay) of about the light emission duration. In this way, by providing a time difference (delay) in the light emission timing, it is also possible to reduce the coherence of the illumination light ILm irradiated to the DMD 10.
- the beam LBa synthesized by the beam synthesizing unit 200 is incident on the retarder unit 202, which splits the beam into multiple optical path paths with different beam optical path lengths, circulates the beams, and then synthesizes them.
- the retarder unit 202 generates multiple beams with temporally delayed beam wavefronts and then emits the synthesized beam LBb in order to reduce the occurrence of speckles due to the high coherency (temporal and spatial coherency) of the original beams LB1 to LB4.
- the retarder unit 202 has multiple delay optical path units 202A set to different optical path lengths, and a splitting and synthesizing unit 202B that splits the incident beam LBa into each delay optical path unit 202A and synthesizes the return beams from each delay optical path unit 202A.
- the basic configuration of such a retarder unit 202 is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2007-227973.
- Beam LBb enters beam switching section 204.
- Beam switching section 204 is provided with a rotating polygon mirror PM that rotates at high speed, and beam LBb is deflected into a fan shape by each reflecting surface of the rotating polygon mirror PM.
- the incident ends FB1a to FB9a of nine optical fiber bundles FB1 to FB9 are arranged at a constant angle in an arc shape in the direction in which beam LBb is incident.
- each of the optical fiber bundles FB1 to FB9 is a single optical fiber line or a bundle of multiple optical fiber lines.
- an f- ⁇ lens non-telecentric
- a small lens that focuses the beam LBb from the rotating polygon mirror PM into a small spot is provided in front of each of the input ends FB1a to FB9a of the optical fiber bundles FB1 to FB9.
- two other beam supply units having the same configuration as in FIG. 29 are provided, one of which switches and supplies beam LBb to the optical fiber bundles FB10-FB18 of each of the modules MU10-MU18, and the other switches and supplies beam LBb to the optical fiber bundles FB19-FB27 of each of the modules MU19-MU27.
- the beam supply unit in FIG. 29 uses four laser light sources FL1-FL4, three or fewer laser light sources may be used, and even more laser light sources may be provided to combine five or more beams in the beam combining section 200.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a schematic representation of the wavelength distribution of the beam LBb after the beams LB1 to LB7 from the seven laser light sources FL1 to FL7 are combined by the beam combining unit 200.
- the horizontal axis represents the wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis represents the value obtained by normalizing the peak intensity of the beams LB1 to LB7 to 1.
- the seven laser light sources FL1 to FL7 have substantially the same configuration, but the wavelengths of the seed lights of each are made to differ by a certain value, and the peak wavelengths (center wavelengths) of the beams LB1 to LB7 finally output are set to be shifted by about 30 pm (0.03 nm).
- the spectral width of the oscillation wavelength is also narrow, for example, as shown in FIG. 30, it is about 50 pm (0.05 nm) at an intensity of 1/e2 of the peak intensity.
- the center wavelength of the beam LB4 from the laser light source FL4 is set to 343.333 nm
- the center wavelength of the beam LB3 from the laser light source FL3 is set to 343.303 nm
- the center wavelength of the beam LB2 from the laser light source FL2 is set to 343.273 nm
- the center wavelength of the beam LB1 from the laser light source FL1 is set to 343.243 nm.
- the center wavelength of the beam LB5 from the laser light source FL5 is set to 343.363 nm
- the center wavelength of the beam LB6 from the laser light source FL6 is set to 343.393 nm
- the center wavelength of the beam LB7 from the laser light source FL7 is set to 343.423 nm.
- the wavelength spectrum width of beam LBb which is a combination of beams LB1 to LB7, is approximately 180 pm (0.18 nm) when viewed in terms of the interval between peak wavelengths, and approximately 230 pm (0.23 nm) when viewed in terms of the interval at 1/e2 intensity (343.218 nm to 343.448 nm).
- the spectrum width of beam LBb i.e., the illumination light ILm of the DMD 10
- the spectrum width is set so that the effect is within an acceptable range.
- the peak wavelength of 343.243 nm and the peak wavelength of 343.423 nm are included in the illumination light ILm, and a trial calculation is made using equation (2) described in FIG. 19 for cases such as those in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, where a large telecentric error ⁇ t can occur.
- the telecentric error on the object side (DMD10 side) of the 9th order diffracted light Id9 that occurs when the peak wavelength of the illumination light ILm is 343.423 nm is approximately 0.069° (image side telecentric error ⁇ t ⁇ 0.414°). Therefore, if the spectral width of the illumination light ILm is between peak wavelengths of 343.243 nm and 343.423 nm, the telecentric error ⁇ t on the image plane side that may occur due to the broadening of the wavelength spectral width can be suppressed, for example, within the tolerance range of ⁇ 2° (preferably within the tolerance range of ⁇ 1°) described in FIG. 25.
- Figure 31 shows the state of a portion of the mirror surface of DMD 10 during exposure of a line-and-space pattern tilted at an angle of 45° on substrate P.
- reflected light Sa from each micromirror Msa in the ON state is reflected in the -Z direction
- reflected light Sg from each micromirror Msb in the OFF state is reflected in an oblique direction in the X'Y' plane.
- Micromirrors Msa in the ON state are arranged in a row with adjacent ones arranged at an angle of 45°, and the row is arranged to form a diffraction grating. Therefore, the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa' generated from all micromirrors Msa in the ON state has a telecentric error ⁇ t due to the effects of diffraction.
- FIG. 32 is a block diagram showing a schematic example of a portion of an exposure control device provided in the exposure apparatus EX of this embodiment, particularly related to adjustment control of telecentricity error.
- the telecentricity error adjustment control system TEC shown in Fig. 32 is applied when all or at least one of the first telecentricity adjustment mechanism (drive unit 100C, etc.), second telecentricity adjustment mechanism (fine movement mechanism 108D, etc.), and third telecentricity adjustment mechanism (fine movement mechanism 110C, etc.) explained in Fig. 26 and Fig. 27 can be electrically driven by an actuator such as a motor.
- a drawing data storage unit (hereinafter also simply referred to as a storage unit) 300 that outputs drawing data MD1 to MD27 for pattern exposure is provided in each DMD 10 of the 27 modules MU1 to MU27 shown in Fig. 2.
- Each of the drawing data MD1 to MD27 is sent to an angle change specifying unit (hereinafter also referred to as a telecentric error specifying unit) 302 before an exposure operation.
- an angle change specifying unit hereinafter also referred to as a telecentric error specifying unit
- Figure 33 shows an example of the arrangement of the display area DPA and peripheral areas PPAx, PPAy for the display panel exposed on the substrate P by the exposure apparatus EX shown in Figures 1 and 2, with the maximum exposure area EXA on the outer edge representing the range that can be exposed by the modules MU1 to MU27 in one scanning exposure of the exposure apparatus EX.
- the display area DPA is made up of a large number of pixels arranged at a constant pitch in the X and Y directions, and has an aspect ratio overall of 16:9, 2:1, etc. Note that here, the longitudinal direction of the display area DPA is taken to be the X direction.
- pixels of about 200 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m square are arranged in the XY direction, as an example, but the pattern exposed within the pixels can be an isolated pattern, a line and space pattern, or a large land pattern, depending on the process step in the manufacturing process.
- the patterns exposed in the pixels PIX can be isolated patterns PA1, line and space patterns PA2, or land patterns PA3 for each layer. For the sake of explanation, three types of patterns PA1, PA2, and PA3 are shown together in FIG.
- pattern PA1 when pattern PA1 is exposed, pattern PA1 will appear in all pixels PIX contained in the projection area IAn, when pattern PA2 is exposed, pattern PA2 will appear in all pixels PIX contained in the projection area IAn, and when pattern PA3 is exposed, pattern PA3 will appear in all pixels PIX contained in the projection area IAn.
- the telecentric error ⁇ t does not occur beyond the allowable range.
- the illumination unit ILU and the projection unit PLU are adjusted for telecentricity with respect to the projection image of the isolated pattern projected by the micromirror Msa in the ON state alone, the telecentric error ⁇ t does not occur beyond the allowable range.
- wiring extending mainly in the X direction (X' direction) is formed in a lattice shape arranged at regular intervals in the Y direction (Y' direction). Therefore, the effect of the diffraction phenomenon in the X' direction is small, and even if a telecentric error ⁇ t occurs, it is within the allowable range.
- the land pattern PA3 often becomes more than half (in some cases, nearly 90%) of the area of the pixel PIX (about 300 ⁇ m square), and in such a case, as explained in FIG. 18 to FIG. 20, a telecentric error ⁇ t that exceeds the allowable range is likely to occur.
- the data analysis unit 302A of the angle change identification unit (telecentric error identification unit) 302 in FIG. 32 analyzes the drawing data MD7 of the entire area DA7 sent to the module MU7, and generates position information for each partial area obtained by dividing the area DA7 in the X direction into a plurality of partial areas, and shape information indicating whether the shape of the pattern appearing in the partial area is an isolated pattern PA1, a line and space pattern PA2, or a land pattern PA3 as shown in FIG. 34.
- the angle change specification unit (telecentric error specification unit) 302 in FIG. 32 generates information SDT (including position information in the scanning exposure direction) on the telecentric error ⁇ t calculated (estimated) as described above for each of the modules MU1 to MU27, and sends it to the telecentric error correction unit 304. Based on the information SDT on the telecentric error ⁇ t for each of the modules MU1 to MU27, the telecentric error correction unit 304 selects at least one of the mechanisms that match the adjustment amount and adjustment accuracy from among the first telecentric adjustment mechanism (drive unit 100C, etc.), the second telecentric adjustment mechanism (fine movement mechanism 108D, etc.), and the third telecentric adjustment mechanism (fine movement mechanism 110C, etc.) described in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, and outputs adjustment command information AS1 to AS27 for each of the modules MU1 to MU27.
- the first telecentric adjustment mechanism drive unit 100C, etc.
- the second telecentric adjustment mechanism fine movement mechanism 108D, etc.
- a telecentric error telecentric error
- angle change specification unit (telecentric error specification unit) 302 that specifies (estimates) t in advance according to the distribution state (density and periodicity) of the micromirrors Msa that are in the on state of the DMD 10, and an adjustment mechanism (drive unit 100C, fine movement mechanism 108D, fine movement mechanism 110C, etc.) that adjusts the position of some of the optical components (mirror 100, aperture stop 108B, condenser lens system 110, etc.) in the illumination unit ILU or projection unit PLU according to the pre-specified telecentric error ⁇ t, it is possible to always keep the telecentric error ⁇ t of the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa' that occurs due to the diffraction effect when many micromirrors Ms of the DMD 10 are in the on state within an acceptable range.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an optical measurement unit provided in the calibration reference unit CU attached to the end on the substrate holder 4B of the exposure apparatus EX shown in FIG. 1.
- the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa from the DMD 10 is imaged on the best focus plane (best imaging plane) IPo through the lens groups G4 and G5 on the image plane side of the projection unit PLU, and the principal ray La of the reflected light Sa is parallel to the optical axis AXa.
- the second optical measurement unit is composed of a pinhole plate 340 attached to the top surface of the calibration reference unit CU, an objective lens 342 that receives reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa from the DMD 10 projected from the projection unit PLU through the pinhole plate 340 to form an image of the pupil Ep of the projection unit PLU (the intensity distribution of the imaging light beam and the light source image within the pupil Ep), and a CCD or CMOS image sensor 344 that captures the image of the pupil Ep.
- the imaging surface of the image sensor 344 of the second optical measurement unit is in a conjugate relationship with the position of the pupil Ep of the projection unit PLU.
- the telecentric error ⁇ t can be measured based on the lateral shift of the image of the test pattern captured by the image sensor 326 when defocused in the +Z direction and when defocused in the -Z direction, and the defocus amount ( ⁇ Z fine movement range).
- the image sensor 326 of the first optical measurement unit captures the mirror surface of the DMD 10 via the projection unit PLU, so it can also be used to check which micromirrors Ms of the many micromirrors Ms of the DMD 10 have malfunctioned.
- test patterns patterns belonging to either isolated, line and space, or land shapes
- a telecentric error ⁇ t can be generated by the DMD 10
- the asymmetry of the intensity distribution of the projected image of the test pattern can be measured by the image sensor 326 of the first optical measurement unit.
- the image sensor 344 measures the eccentricity of the intensity distribution in the pupil Ep of the imaging light beam (Sa, Sa') formed on the pupil Ep of the projection unit PLU when the test pattern is projected.
- the telecentric error ⁇ t can be measured based on the amount of eccentricity of the intensity distribution in the pupil Ep and the focal length on the image plane side of the projection unit PLU.
- the diffraction angle ⁇ 1 of the ⁇ 1st-order diffracted light (-Id1, +Id1) contained in the reflected light (imaging light flux) Sa' is approximately ⁇ 3.645° across the optical axis AXa on the object surface side of the projection unit PLU.
- the numerical aperture NAi on the image plane side of the projection unit PLU is about 0.25, most of the actual intensity distribution of the ⁇ 1st order diffracted light (-Id1, +Id1) is located outside the aperture of the pupil Ep, and the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa' projected onto the substrate P is exclusively the component of the 0th order diffracted light Id0.
- the horizontal shift amount of the diffracted light Id0 equivalent to the zeroth order light on the distribution of the Sinc2 function also varies, and the intensity of the diffracted light Id0 decreases.
- the adjustment members in the illumination optical system and the attitude (tilt) of the DMD 10' or DMD 10 are adjusted so that the telecentric error ⁇ t including the driving error ⁇ d becomes zero, the intensity of the diffracted light Id0 remains decreased.
- illumination light ILm from illumination unit ILU is irradiated onto DMD 10' (or DMD 10) as a spatial light modulation element having a large number of micromirrors Ms that switch between on and off states based on drawing data MDn, and an image of a device pattern corresponding to drawing data MDn is projected onto substrate P by projection unit PLU that receives reflected light from micromirrors Msa of DMD 10' (or DMD 10) that are in the on state as imaging light beam (Sa'), thereby forming a device pattern on substrate P.
- a DMD 10' (DMD 10) as a spatial light modulation element having a large number of micromirrors Ms that switch between an on state and an off state based on drawing data MDn
- a pattern image of an electronic device corresponding to the drawing data MDn is projected onto a substrate P by a projection unit PLU that inputs reflected light Sa' from the micromirrors Msa of DMD 10' (DMD 10) that have been turned on as an imaging light beam, thereby forming an electronic device on a substrate P
- the telecentric error ⁇ t of the reflected light (imaging light beam) Sa' caused by the diffraction action according to the distribution state of the micromirrors Msa in the on state of DMD 10' (DMD 10)
- the asymmetric error of the pattern image caused by the telecentric error ⁇ t or the asymmetric error of the pattern image caused
- each of the many micromirrors Ms provided on the DMD 10 is switched between an on-state tilt and an off-state tilt at high speed based on pattern data (drawing data), while the substrate P is scanned and moved in the X direction at a speed corresponding to the switching speed, to perform pattern exposure.
- pattern data drawing data
- the substrate P is scanned and moved in the X direction at a speed corresponding to the switching speed, to perform pattern exposure.
- the telecentric state of the imaging light beam projected from the projection unit PLU onto the substrate P may change depending on the fineness, density, or periodicity of the projected pattern.
- the state of the blazed diffracted light by the DMD 10 (i.e., the imaging state on the substrate P) is determined by the roll angle and tilt angle of the micromirrors Ms of the DMD 10, the distance between the micromirrors Ms in the On state (i.e., the pitch), the tilt angle of the fine adjustment stage used to fine-tune the position and attitude of the DMD 10, and so on.
- the exposure apparatus EX of this embodiment can align the imaging state between multiple modules MU by correcting the state of the blazed diffracted light for each module MU.
- the correction of the state of the blazed diffracted light for each module MU by the exposure apparatus EX is explained.
- the correction of the state of the blazed diffracted light is also referred to as calibration of the imaging state.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment calibrates the imaging state by correcting the shift amount ⁇ Dx (see FIG. 10, etc.) of the center of the intensity distribution Hpa and the illuminance of the illumination light on the substrate P.
- the center of the intensity distribution Hpa is also referred to as the center of gravity of the illumination light (or simply, center of gravity). 26 etc.
- the exposure apparatus EX measures the shift amount ⁇ Dx of the center of gravity of the illumination light and the illuminance of the illumination light, for example, by the optical measurement unit described above.
- the exposure apparatus EX calibrates the imaging state by adjusting the center of gravity and the illuminance based on the measurement results of the center of gravity and the illuminance of the illumination light.
- Step S11 The exposure control device acquires recipe information for each module MU from the storage unit 300. For each module MU, the exposure control device acquires the On/Off state of the micromirror Ms of the DMD 10 indicated by the acquired recipe information as a specific pattern of the DMD 10.
- the specific pattern here is an isolated pattern, a line and space pattern, a large land pattern, etc.
- Step S14 The exposure control device calculates the center of gravity and illuminance of the specific pattern obtained in step S11 by performing simulation calculations (or experimental values) based on the roll angle and tilt angle of the micromirror Ms of the DMD 10 that have been measured in advance. That is, the exposure control device calculates the correction amounts for the center of gravity and the illuminance by grasping the relationship between the roll angle/tilt angle of the micromirror Ms and the center of gravity and the illuminance based on simulation calculations (or experimental values).
- Step S15 The exposure control device corrects the center of gravity and illuminance in the specific pattern based on the center of gravity and illuminance calculated in step S14, so that the center of gravity and illuminance in the specific pattern are both in a specified state.
- the differences in the state of the blazed diffracted light between the reference illumination pattern and a specific pattern are finely corrected while the variations in the center of gravity and illuminance between the modules MU in the reference illumination pattern are reduced. That is, according to the calibration method based on the reference illumination pattern, the correction procedure can be divided into corrections (i.e., coarse corrections) from steps S10 to S13 for reducing the variations in center of gravity and illuminance between module MUs in the reference illumination pattern, and corrections (i.e., fine corrections) for reducing the variations in center of gravity and illuminance between module MUs in a specific pattern, by steps S14 and S15.
- corrections i.e., coarse corrections
- the frequency of rough correction (e.g., once a week) can be reduced compared to the frequency of fine correction (e.g., each time a recipe is changed). Therefore, according to the calibration method configured in this way, the frequency of rough correction can be reduced, and productivity can be improved.
- the angle of the micromirror Ms of the DMD 10 may change over time.
- the simulation conditions for the simulation calculation used in step S14 described above may be updated in accordance with the change over time.
- Step S21 The exposure control device acquires recipe information for each module MU from the storage unit 300. For each module MU, the exposure control device acquires the On/Off states of the micromirrors Ms of the DMD 10 indicated by the acquired recipe information as a specific pattern of the DMD 10.
- Step S24 The exposure control device corrects the center of gravity and illuminance in the specified pattern based on the center of gravity and illuminance calculated in step S24, so that the center of gravity and illuminance in the specified pattern are both in a specified state.
- correction is performed in one stage instead of the two stages of coarse and fine correction described above, so the configuration can be simplified and the time required for correction can be reduced, improving productivity.
- the exposure control device may provide a plurality of specific patterns different from each other in correcting the center of gravity and the illuminance in the above-mentioned steps S15 and S24, and grasp the change in the center of gravity and the illuminance for each specific pattern.
- the specific pattern is a line-and-space pattern
- the exposure control device may grasp the change in the center of gravity and the illuminance by variously changing the line period (pitch). By configuring in this manner, the exposure control device can grasp the degree of variation in the center of gravity and the illuminance more precisely, and can improve the accuracy of correction.
- the exposure control device may correct the center of gravity and the illuminance in the X direction and the Y direction of the substrate P separately. Furthermore, the exposure control device may correct the center of gravity and the illuminance by determining a correction order such that the center of gravity is corrected in a first stage and the illuminance is corrected in a second stage. By configuring in this manner, the exposure control device can distinguish between vignetting of the light beam caused by a shift in the center of gravity at the pupil position and insufficient illuminance and correct the same.
- the specific pattern based on the recipe information may have an extremely small number of micromirrors Ms in the On state compared to the number of micromirrors Ms in the Off state.
- the exposure control device may operate to eliminate the lack of illumination and improve measurement accuracy by dividing and exposing a specific pattern in which the number of micromirrors Ms in the On state is extremely small (so-called multiple exposure) in time or space.
- the exposure control device may correct the center of gravity and illuminance for each scan, corresponding to the actual exposure pattern in each scan.
- the movement position of the substrate P in the X-axis direction and the movement position in the Y-axis direction are measured by the interferometer IFY (e.g., interferometers IFY1 to IFY4). Therefore, according to the exposure control device of this embodiment, even if the center of gravity and illuminance are corrected for each scan, exposure alignment is possible using the accuracy of the interferometer.
- the exposure control device extracts important pattern portions having high specification values for line width accuracy, position accuracy, or overlay accuracy from the drawing data relating to the actual exposure pattern included in the recipe information, and registers these in advance in the recipe information as test patterns.
- the exposure control device may correct the center of gravity and illuminance corresponding to the actual exposure pattern by switching test patterns in areas where the actual exposure pattern registered in the recipe information suddenly changes (for example, the boundary between the bezel portion and the pixel portion in an LCD display panel).
- the correction amount for the center of gravity and illuminance for each test pattern may be set to a statistically calculated value (e.g., average value) to correct the center of gravity and illuminance.
- the exposure control device has been described as correcting the illuminance by adjusting the transmittance of the illuminance adjustment filter 106, but this is not limited to the above. Instead of (or in addition to) adjusting the illuminance adjustment filter 106, the exposure control device may correct the effective illuminance on the substrate P by changing the line width of the actual exposure pattern projected onto the substrate P.
- the exposure control device may also correct the center of gravity and illuminance by measuring the line width of the actual exposure pattern on the substrate P based on the results measured by an exposure amount measurement device (e.g., photoelectric element 109D).
- an exposure amount measurement device e.g., photoelectric element 109D
- the exposure control device may also store in advance the relationship between the illuminance in the actual exposure pattern and the line width on the substrate P, and correct the line width on the substrate P while estimating the line width of the actual exposure pattern based on the results of the illuminance measurement.
- the exposure control device may store the illuminance difference due to the pattern of the imaging light beam generated according to the drive error ⁇ d (angle error) as information related to the illuminance as recipe information together with the drawing data.
- the exposure control device drives a spatial light modulator (DMD) based on recipe information to expose a pattern onto a substrate P, it controls an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the position or angle of at least one optical element in the illumination unit or projection unit, or the angle of the spatial light modulator, in accordance with information regarding illuminance.
- DMD spatial light modulator
- a pattern exposure device equipped with multiple modules MU each including a DMD 10 as a spatial light modulation element, by correcting the state of the imaging light beam corresponding to the exposure pattern for each module MU, it is possible to reduce telecentric error or changes in the amount of light for each module MU, thereby forming a faithful pattern based on the drawing data.
- the pattern exposure apparatus is a pattern exposure apparatus having a plurality of modules including an illumination unit that irradiates illumination light onto a spatial light modulation element having a number of micromirrors that are driven to switch between an on state and an off state based on drawing data, and a projection unit that receives reflected light from the micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element that are in the on state as an imaging light beam and projects an image of a pattern corresponding to the drawing data onto a substrate.
- the pattern exposure apparatus includes a control unit that stores information regarding an angle change of the imaging light beam that occurs according to the distribution density of the micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element in the on state as recipe information together with the drawing data for each module, and stores correction information for correcting the state of the imaging light beam corresponding to the pattern for each module, and an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the position or angle of at least one optical member in the illumination unit or the projection unit, or the angle of the spatial light modulation element for each module based on the information regarding the angle change and the correction information when driving the spatial light modulation element based on the recipe information to expose a pattern onto the substrate.
- the projection unit has an exit pupil through which the imaging light beam passes with a predetermined aperture diameter, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the distribution of the imaging light beam within the exit pupil so as to reduce the eccentricity of the distribution, which is determined from the information relating to the angle change.
- the pattern exposure apparatus further includes a stage device that supports and moves the substrate on the image plane side of the projection unit, and the stage device has an optical measurement unit that measures the distribution of the imaging light beam formed within the exit pupil of the projection unit.
- control unit generates information about the angle change as a telecentric error amount based on the drawing data, and determines in advance whether the telecentric error amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined allowable range defined according to the distribution density of the micromirrors in the on-state, and the adjustment mechanism performs an adjustment operation during pattern exposure such that the telecentric error amount is equal to or greater than the predetermined allowable range.
- the illumination unit includes an optical integrator that receives a beam from a light source device, and a condenser lens system that performs Kohler illumination of the illumination light from a surface light source generated by the optical integrator toward the mirror surface of the spatial light modulation element, and the projection unit has an exit pupil that is optically conjugate with the position of the surface light source generated by the optical integrator, and projects a reduced image of the pattern generated by the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element.
- the adjustment mechanism is configured as an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the incident position or incident angle of the beam incident on the optical integrator so that the incident angle of the illumination light irradiated on the spatial light modulation element is changed, or an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the relative positional relationship between the optical integrator and the condenser lens system in the decentering direction.
- control unit further stores, as one piece of recipe information, information regarding the illuminance fluctuation of the imaging light beam that occurs according to the density distribution of the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulator.
- the pattern exposure apparatus is a pattern exposure apparatus that includes a plurality of modules including a spatial light modulation element having a number of micromirrors selectively driven based on drawing data, an illumination unit that irradiates illumination light onto the spatial light modulation element at a predetermined angle of incidence, and a projection unit that projects reflected light from selected micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element in an on-state as an imaging light beam onto a substrate, and projects a pattern corresponding to the drawing data onto the substrate by exposure.
- the pattern exposure apparatus includes a control unit that stores, for each module, correction information for correcting the state of the imaging light beam corresponding to the pattern, and an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the position or angle of the illumination unit or a portion of the optical members of the projection unit for each module based on the correction information.
- the multiple micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element are arranged two-dimensionally along a first direction and a second direction that are perpendicular to each other within a neutral plane, with the reflective surface that is flat when not driven being taken as the neutral plane, and the control unit determines the magnitude of the telecentric error when several or more of the micromirrors adjacent to each other in both the first direction and the second direction become the on-state micromirrors based on the drawing data.
- the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position or angle of the optical member when the magnitude of the telecentric error determined by the control unit exceeds a predetermined tolerance range.
- the predetermined tolerance is set to within ⁇ 2° as the inclination angle of the chief ray of the imaging light beam directed from the projection unit to the substrate with respect to the optical axis.
- the illumination unit includes a surface light source member that receives a beam from a laser light source device to generate a surface light source of the illumination light, and a condenser lens system that receives the illumination light from the surface light source to provide Koehler illumination to the reflecting surface of the spatial light modulation element, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the relative positional relationship between the surface light source and the condenser lens system in the decentering direction.
- the adjustment mechanism includes a second telecentric adjustment mechanism that shifts the position of the surface light source member in an eccentric direction relative to the beam from the laser light source device.
- the illumination unit includes a mirror as the optical element that reflects the illumination light at a predetermined angle, and the adjustment mechanism changes the angle of the mirror to adjust the angle of incidence of the illumination light irradiated onto the spatial light modulation element.
- the pattern exposure apparatus includes a measurement unit that measures the degree of asymmetry of the pattern image caused by telecentric error of the imaging light beam that occurs according to the distribution density of the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element, and an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the position or angle of at least one optical member in the illumination unit or the projection unit, or the angle of the spatial light modulation element, so that the measured asymmetry is reduced when the spatial light modulation element is driven based on the drawing data to expose the pattern image onto the substrate.
- the pattern exposure apparatus further includes a stage device that supports the substrate on the image plane side of the projection unit and is movable along the image plane, and the measurement unit is provided in a part of the stage device and measures the intensity distribution of the pattern image to measure the degree of asymmetry.
- the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position or angle of at least one optical member in the illumination unit so that the angle of incidence of the illumination light irradiated onto the spatial light modulation element is changed.
- the illumination unit includes a surface light source member that receives a beam from a light source device to generate a surface light source of the illumination light, and a condenser lens system that receives the illumination light from the surface light source to provide Koehler illumination to the reflecting surface of the spatial light modulation element, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the relative positional relationship between the surface light source and the condenser lens system in the decentering direction.
- the surface light source component has a fly's eye lens that forms the surface light source on the exit surface side of a number of lens elements arranged two-dimensionally, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the angle of incidence of the beam from the light source device onto the fly's eye lens.
- the control method is a control method for an exposure apparatus including an illumination unit that irradiates illumination light onto a spatial light modulation element having a plurality of micromirrors that are driven to switch between an on state and an off state based on drawing data, and a projection unit that projects the reflected light from the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element as an imaging light beam onto a substrate.
- the control method includes adjusting the angle change of the imaging light beam that occurs based on the distribution of the on-state micromirrors of the spatial light modulation element, and adjusting the line width change of the exposure pattern that occurs due to the adjustment by correcting the drawing data.
- the angle change is adjusted by adjusting the position or angle of an optical component in the illumination unit or projection unit, or the angle of the spatial light modulation element.
- the pattern exposure apparatus includes a plurality of the spatial light modulation elements, the illumination units, and the projection units, and includes a mechanism that measures the illuminance difference of a plurality of modules due to the pattern of the imaging light beam that occurs according to the distribution density of the micromirrors in the on state of the spatial light modulation element and the tilt angle error of the micromirrors, and a mechanism that adjusts the position or angle of at least one optical member in the illumination unit or the projection unit, or the angle of the spatial light modulation element, according to the information on the illuminance, when driving the spatial light modulation element based on recipe information including information on the illuminance indicating the measured illuminance difference to expose a pattern on the substrate.
- the projection unit includes an aperture stop that sets an exit pupil through which the imaging light beam passes with a predetermined aperture diameter, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the intensity distribution of the imaging light beam at the exit pupil so as to reduce eccentricity, which is determined from information related to the angle change.
- the information regarding the angle change includes a telecentric error generated based on the drawing data
- the control unit determines that the telecentric error exceeds an acceptable range
- the adjustment mechanism adjusts based on the telecentric error.
- correcting the drawing data includes correcting the line width of pattern data included in the drawing data.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2022年12月26日に出願された日本国特許出願2022-208554号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
特に電子デバイス用の微細なパターンを投影露光する場合、DMDへの照明光の波長とDMDの回折格子の作用(回折光の発生方向や強度分布の状態)とによって、パターンの結像状態を劣化させることがある。
図1は、本実施の形態のパターン露光装置(以下、単に露光装置とも呼ぶ)EXの外観構成の概要を示す斜視図である。露光装置EXは、空間光変調素子(デジタル・ミラー・デバイス:DMD)によって、空間内での強度分布が動的に変調される露光光を被露光基板に結像投影する装置である。特定の実施形態において、露光装置EXは、表示装置(フラットパネルディスプレイ)などに用いられる矩形(角型)のガラス基板を露光対象物とするステップ・アンド・スキャン方式の投影露光装置(スキャナ)である。そのガラス基板は、少なくとも一辺の長さ、または対角長が500mm以上であり、厚さが1mm以下のフラットパネルディスプレイ用の基板Pとする。露光装置EXは、基板Pの表面に一定の厚みで形成された感光層(フォトレジスト)にDMDで作られるパターンの投影像を露光する。露光後に露光装置EXから搬出される基板Pは、現像工程の後に所定のプロセス工程(成膜工程、エッチング工程、メッキ工程等)に送られる。
また、継ぎ部OLbでは、投影領域IA10の-Y’方向の端部の斜め(角度θk)に並ぶマイクロミラーの投影像と、投影領域IA27の+Y’方向の端部の斜め(角度θk)に並ぶマイクロミラーの投影像とがオーバーラップするように設定される。同様に、継ぎ部をOLcでは、投影領域IA8の+Y’方向の端部の斜め(角度θk)に並ぶマイクロミラーの投影像と、投影領域IA27の-Y’方向の端部の斜め(角度θk)に並ぶマイクロミラーの投影像とがオーバーラップするように設定される。
図4は、図1、図2に示した露光モジュールMU(B)中のモジュールMU18と、露光モジュールMU(C)中のモジュールMU19との具体的な構成をXZ面内で見た光学配置図である。図4の直交座標系XYZは図1~図3の直交座標系XYZと同じに設定される。また、図2に示した各モジュールのXY面内での配置から明らかなように、モジュールMU18はモジュールMU19に対して+Y方向に一定間隔だけずらされると共に、互いに背中合わせの関係で設置されている。モジュールMU18内の各光学部材とモジュールMU19内の各光学部材は、それぞれ同じ材料で同じに構成されるので、ここでは主にモジュールMU18の光学構成について詳細に説明する。なお、図1に示した光ファイバーユニットFBUは、図2に示した27個のモジュールMU1~MU27の各々に対応して、27本の光ファイバー束FB1~FB27で構成される。
光学定盤5の下側に取り付けられた投影ユニットPLUは、Z軸と平行な光軸AXaに沿って配置される第1レンズ群116と第2レンズ群118とで構成される両側テレセントリックな結像投影レンズ系として構成される。第1レンズ群116と第2レンズ群118は、それぞれ光学定盤5の下側に固設される支持コラムに対して、Z軸(光軸AXa)に沿った方向に微動アクチュエータで並進移動するように構成される。第1レンズ群116と第2レンズ群118による結像投影レンズ系の投影倍率Mpは、DMD10上のマイクロミラーの配列ピッチPdと、基板P上の投影領域IAn(n=1~27)内に投影されるパターンの最小線幅(最小画素寸法)Pgとの関係で決められる。
次に、図6を参照して、投影ユニットPLU(結像投影レンズ系)によるDMD10のマイクロミラーMsの結像状態を詳細に説明する。図6の直交座標系X’Y’Zは、先の図3、図5に示した座標系X’Y’Zと同じであり、図6では照明ユニットILUのコンデンサーレンズ系110から基板Pまでの光路を図示する。コンデンサーレンズ系110からの照明光ILmは、光軸AXcに沿って進み、傾斜ミラー112で全反射されて光軸AXbに沿ってDMD10のミラー面に達する。ここで、DMD10の中心に位置するマイクロミラーMsをMsc、周辺に位置するマイクロミラーMsをMsaとし、それらのマイクロミラーMsc、MsaがOn状態であるとする。
次に、本実施の形態のようにDMD10を用いた露光装置EXの場合に発生し得るテレセン誤差について説明するが、その前にテレセン誤差の発生要因の1つについて、図10を用いて簡単に説明する。図10(A)、図10(B)は、図6に示した第2レンズ群118の瞳Epから基板Pまでの光路の照明光(結像光束)Saの振る舞いを模式的に表した図である。図10(A)、図10(B)における直交座標系X’Y’Zは図6の座標系X’Y’Zと同一である。説明を簡単にする為、ここでは、DMD10のミラー面全体を1枚の平面ミラーとして、図6中の傾斜ミラー112と平行に角度θα/2だけ傾けた場合を想定する。図10(A)、図10(B)において、瞳Epと基板Pの間には、光軸AXaに沿ってレンズ群G4、G5が配置され、瞳Ep内には図9のように円形の光源像(面光源像)Ipsが形成される。なお、光源像(面光源像)IpsのX’方向の周辺部の1点を通ってレンズ群G4、G5に入射する反射光(結像光束)Saの主光線をLaとする。
先に説明したように、本実施の形態で使用するDMD10はロール&ピッチ駆動方式とするが、その具体的な構成を図11、図12を参照して説明する。図11と図12はDMD10のミラー面のうちの一部を拡大した斜視図である。ここでも直交座標系X’Y’Zは先の図6における座標系X’Y’Zと同じである。図11は、DMD10の各マイクロミラーMsの下層に設けられる駆動回路への電源供給がオフのときの状態を示す。電源がオフの状態のとき、各マイクロミラーMsの反射面は、X’Y’面と平行に設定される。
ここで、各マイクロミラーMsのX’方向の配列ピッチをPdx(μm)、Y’方向の配列ピッチをPdy(μm)とするが、実用上はPdx=Pdyに設定される。
DMD10を用いた投影露光では、図12に示した動作で多数のマイクロミラーMsの各々を、パターンデータ(描画データ)に基づいてオン状態の傾斜とオフ状態の傾斜とに高速に切り換えつつ、その切り換え速度に対応した速度で基板PをX方向に走査移動させてパターン露光を行う。しかしながら、投影されるパターンの微細度や密集度、又は周期性によっては、投影ユニットPLU(第1レンズ群116と第2レンズ群118)から基板Pに投射される結像光束のテレセントリックな状態(telecentricity)が変化することがある。これは、DMD10の多数のマイクロミラーMsのパターンに応じた傾斜状態によっては、DMD10のミラー面が反射型の回折格子(ブレーズド回折格子)として作用する為である。
他のオフ状態のマイクロミラーMsbからの反射光Sgは投影ユニットPLUには入射しない。なお、オン状態のマイクロミラーMsaがX’方向に関して孤立した1つ(又はY’方向に並ぶ1列)の場合、反射光(結像光束)Saの主光線Laは照明光ILmの波長λに関わらず、光軸AXaと平行になる。
図23のように、照明光ILmの入射角θαが35°なので、0次回折光Id0(j=0)は光軸AXaに対して+35°に傾き、回折次数が大きくなるに従って、0次回折光Id0に対する角度θjが大きくなる。図23の下段に示す数値は、括弧内の次数jと、各次数の回折光Idjの光軸AXaからの傾き角とを表す。
以上で説明したテレセン誤差Δθtは、先の式(2)、又は式(3)から明らかなように、波長λに依存して変化する。例えば、式(2)で表される図17、図18の状態の場合、像面側のテレセン誤差Δθtをゼロにする為には、図19、図20に示した9次回折光Id9の光軸AXaからの傾き角-1.04°(正確には-1.037°)がゼロになるような波長λにすれば良い。
以上で説明したように、DMD10の多数のマイクロミラーMsのうち、基板Pに露光すべきパターンに応じてオン状態となるマイクロミラーMsaが、X’方向とY’方向に密に並ぶ場合、又はX’方向(又はY’方向)に周期性を持って並ぶ場合、投影ユニットPLUから投影される結像光束(Sa、Sa’)には、程度の大小はあるもののテレセン誤差(角度変化)Δθtが発生する。DMD10の多数のマイクロミラーMsの各々は、10KHz程度の応答速度でオン状態とオフ状態とに切り換えられる為、DMD10で生成されるパターン像も描画データに応じて高速に変化する。その為、表示パネル等のパターンを走査露光する間、モジュールMUn(n=1~27)の各々から投影されるパターン像は、瞬間的に、孤立した線状又はドット状のパターン、ライン&スペース状のパターン、或いは大きなランド状のパターン等に形状変化する。
また、ファイバー束FBnの出射端は、コンデンサーレンズ系104’の前側焦点の位置に配置されているので、ミラー100をX’方向に微少移動させると、コンデンサーレンズ系104’に入射する照明光ILmの中心光線(主光線)は、光軸AXcに対してX’方向に平行シフトする。それによって、コンデンサーレンズ系104’から射出する照明光ILmの中心光線(主光線)は光軸AXcに対して僅かに傾いて進む。従って、MFEレンズ108Aに入射する照明光ILmはX’Z面内で全体的に僅かに傾く。
テレセン誤差の調整(補正)は、図4、図26に示した光ファイバー束FBn(n=1~27)の各々の出射端のX’Y’面内での位置を、微動機構によって横シフトさせることでも可能である。この場合は、先の第1のテレセン調整機構(駆動機構100C等)と同様に、MFEレンズ108Aの出射面側に形成される面光源(多数の点光源SPFの集合)の位置を微調整することができる。
或いは、図4、図27に示したマウント部10Mのパラレルリンク機構とピエゾ素子を組み合わせた微動ステージによって、DMD10のミラー面(中立面Pcc)の傾きを微調整して、テレセン誤差を補正しても良い。但し、傾斜ミラー112やDMD10の角度の調整は、反射光がその調整角度の倍角で傾く為に粗調整用として使われる。さらに、DMD10の角度調整では、基板P上に投影される中立面Pccの共役面(ベストフォーカス面)が光軸AXaと垂直な面に対して走査露光の方向(X’方向、又はX方向)に傾く像面傾斜が生じる。
次に、先の図1に示した露光装置EXに付設されて、各モジュールMUn(n=1~27)に照明光ILmを供給するビーム供給ユニットの一例を、図29を参照して説明する。図29における直交座標系XYZは、便宜的に図1中の座標系XYZと同じに設定する。図29のビーム供給ユニットでは、4台のレーザ光源(ファイバーアンプレーザ光源)FL1~FL4の各々からのビームLB1~LB4(ビーム径1mm以下)が、ビーム合成部200によって1束のビームLBaに合成される。レーザ光源FL1~FL4の各々は、基本ピーク波長を343.333nmとして、それぞれ所定の波長分だけ異なるピーク波長(スペクトル幅は0.05nm程度)で数十ピコ秒オーダの発光持続時間(duration time)のパルス光を発振する。
図32は、本実施の形態の露光装置EXに付設される露光制御装置のうち、特にテレセン誤差の調整制御に関わる部分の概略的な一例を示すブロック図である。図32に示すテレセン誤差の調整制御系TECは、図26、図27で説明した第1のテレセン調整機構(駆動部100C等)、第2のテレセン調整機構(微動機構108D等)、及び第3のテレセン調整機構(微動機構110C等)の全て、或いは少なくとも1つがモータ等のアクチュエータによって電気的に駆動可能な場合に適用される。
テレセン誤差特定部302は、描画データMD1~MD27の各々に基づいて、基板P上の投影領域IA1~IA27(図2、図3参照)の各々で露光されるパターンの形態(孤立、ライン&スペース、パッド等)と基板P上の位置とを解析するデータ解析部302Aと、解析されたパターンの形態に応じたテレセン誤差Δθtに関する情報SDTを算出するテレセン誤差算出部302Bとを有する。
このような場合、先の図13~図16で説明したように、許容範囲以上のテレセン誤差Δθtは発生しない。即ち、オン状態のマイクロミラーMsaの単体で投影される孤立状パターンの投影像に関してテレセン調整された照明ユニットILUと投影ユニットPLUであれば、許容範囲以上のテレセン誤差Δθtは発生しない。しかしながら、孤立状のパターンであっても、スマートフォン用の表示パネルのように、基板P上で数十μm程度のピクセルサイズで孤立状パターンが露光される場合、DMD10上でX’方向とY’方向とに数十個程度のオン状態のマイクロミラーMsaが密に配列される。その為、孤立状パターンであっても、その大きさ(パターン寸法)によっては、テレセン誤差Δθtが発生し得る。
先に説明したように、DMD10のオン状態のマイクロミラーMsaの分布状態によっては、DMD10で反射される反射光(結像光束)Sa’にテレセン誤差が発生し、投影ユニットPLUが縮小投影系であることから、像面側のテレセン誤差Δθtは投影倍率Mpの逆数倍で拡大される。実際に生じるテレセン誤差Δθtの大きさは、DMD10で生成されるパターンの形態によって変化する為、予め、幾つかのパターンの形態毎にどの程度のテレセン誤差Δθtが生じるかを事前計測しておくと良い。
また、第2の光学計測部によるテレセン誤差の計測では、テストパターンの投影時に投影ユニットPLUの瞳Epに形成される結像光束(Sa、Sa’)の瞳Ep内での強度分布の偏心等が撮像素子344によって計測される。この場合、瞳Ep内での強度分布の偏心量と投影ユニットPLUの像面側の焦点距離等に基づいて、テレセン誤差Δθtが計測できる。また、先の図13~図15で説明したように、DMD10の多数のマイクロミラーMsのうち、特定の単一のマイクロミラーMsのみをオン状態にして、第2の光学計測部の撮像素子344によって瞳Epに形成される強度分布の重心と光軸AXaとの位置関係を計測する。その位置関係にずれが生じている場合は、特定のオン状態のマイクロミラーMsaの傾き角度θdが、規格上の値(例えば、17.5°)から誤差を持つことが判る。
先の変形例1で説明したように、基板P上に実パターンを露光する前に、実パターン中に含まれる幾つかの典型的なパターン形態(特に、ライン&スペース状パターンとパッド状パターン)において発生し得るテレセン誤差Δθtを、第1の光学計測部(撮像素子326)又は第2の光学系計測部(撮像素子344)を用いて事前に計測する。そして、計測されたテレセン誤差Δθtとパターン形態との関連を、例えば、図32に示した露光制御部306にデータベースとして学習(記憶)させることもできる。
先の変形例3で説明したように、レシピ情報に含ませた重要なパターン部分に対応したテストパターンの像をDMD10で投影して、第1の光学計測部(撮像素子326)で計測する際、第1の光学計測部(撮像素子326)は投影されたテストパターンの像の強度分布を計測している。そこで、先の図24に示したように、像の対称性の劣化(非対称性)の度合いを、例えば図32に示した露光制御部306等により画像解析する。そして像の非対称性が低減されるように、照明ユニットILU内のテレセン誤差の調整機構(駆動部100C、微動機構108D、微動機構110C等)、又は投影ユニットPLU内のレンズ群やレンズ素子の偏心微動機構を制御するようにしても良い。
図36は、第2の実施の形態によるパターン露光装置に設けられる描画モジュールの1つの概略的な構成を示す図である。図36中の直交座標系X’Y’Zは、例えば先の図6の座標系X’Y’Zと同じに設定される。本実施の形態では、照明ユニットILUから空間光変調素子としてのデジタル・ミラー・デバイス(DMD)10’に照射される照明光ILmが、光分割器としてのキューブ型の偏光ビームスプリッタPBSを介して落射照明される。図36において、DMD10’の中立面Pccは、両側テレセントリックな投影ユニットPLUの光軸AXaと垂直に設定され、偏光ビームスプリッタPBSはDMD10’と投影ユニットPLUの間の光路中に配置される。偏光ビームスプリッタPBSの偏光分割面は、光軸AXaと45°で交差するように、Y’軸と平行な線の回りにX’Y’面から45°だけ回転するように配置される。
図40の状態から明らかなように、駆動誤差Δθdによる影響だけでなく、パターンの形態(孤立状、L&S状、ランド状等)による回折現象よって生じるテレセン誤差Δθtに依存して、Sinc2関数の分布上での0次光相当の回折光Id0の横シフト量も変動して、回折光Id0の強度が低下する。この場合、駆動誤差Δθdを含めたテレセン誤差Δθtが零になるように、照明光学系内の調整部材やDMD10’やDMD10の姿勢(傾き)等を調整しても、回折光Id0の強度は低下したままである。そのため、露光されるパターンの形態に応じたテレセン誤差Δθtに伴って生じうるトータルの光量変動(主に照度低下)を、事前に予測演算(シミュレーション)したり、テストパターンの投影状態を第1の光学計測部(撮像素子326)で実測したりして、望ましくは実露光時に照度補正することができる。
上述したように、DMD10を用いた投影露光では、DMD10が備える多数のマイクロミラーMsの各々を、パターンデータ(描画データ)に基づいてオン状態の傾斜とオフ状態の傾斜とに高速に切り換えつつ、その切り換え速度に対応した速度で基板PをX方向に走査移動させてパターン露光を行う。この場合、投影されるパターンの微細度や密集度、又は周期性によっては、投影ユニットPLUから基板Pに投射される結像光束のテレセントリックな状態が変化することがある。これは、DMD10の多数のマイクロミラーMsの傾斜状態によっては、DMD10のミラー面が反射型の回折格子(ブレーズド回折格子)として作用する為である。
以下の説明において、DMD10のミラー面がブレーズド回折格子として作用した結果生じる回折光のことを、単にブレーズ回折光ともいう。
DMD10の製造プロセスに起因する製品ばらつき、DMD10のモジュールMUへの取り付け状態のばらつき、モジュールMUごとの動作環境のばらつきなど、種々の要因によって、モジュールMU相互間において、ブレーズ回折光の状態にばらつきが生じる場合がある。
したがって、本実施形態の露光装置EXのように複数のモジュールMUを備える場合には、ブレーズ回折光の状態のばらつきに起因する基板P上での結像状態のばらつきを、モジュールMUごとに補正できることが好ましい。
図26などを参照して説明したように、露光装置EXは、照明光の重心のシフト量ΔDxと、照明光の照度とを、例えば上述した光学計測部によってそれぞれ計測する。露光装置EXは、照明光の重心および照度の計測結果に基づいて、重心と照度とをそれぞれ調整することにより、結像状態のキャリブレーションを行う。
以下、本実施形態の露光装置EXが備える露光制御装置(例えば、図32に示す露光制御装置)が行うキャリブレーション手順の具体例について説明する。
なお、本実施形態の露光制御装置は、重心の誤差(上述したテレセン誤差)に加えて、照度の誤差についても補正が可能である。
(ステップS11)露光制御装置は、モジュールMUごとに、記憶部300からレシピ情報を取得する。露光制御装置は、モジュールMUごとに、取得したレシピ情報が示すDMD10のマイクロミラーMsのOn状態/Off状態を、DMD10の特定パターンとして取得する。ここでいう特定パターンとは、孤立状パターン、ライン&スペース状パターン、大きなランド状パターンなどである。
この結果、露光装置EXが備えるすべてのモジュールMU間において、基準照明パターンにおける重心および照度が揃えられる。つまり、基準照明パターンにおける、モジュールMU間の重心および照度のばらつきが低減される。
すなわち、露光制御装置は、シミュレーション演算(あるいは実験値)に基づいて、マイクロミラーMsのロール角・チルト角と、重心および照度との関係を把握することにより、重心および照度の補正量を算出する。
すなわち、基準照明パターンに基づくキャリブレーション方式によれば、ステップS10からステップS13による、基準照明パターンにおけるモジュールMU間の重心および照度のばらつきを低減させる補正(つまり、粗補正)と、ステップS14及びステップS15による、特定パターンにおけるモジュールMU間の重心および照度のばらつきを低減させる補正(つまり、微補正)とに、補正手順を分けることができる。
このように構成されたキャリブレーション方式によれば、粗補正の作業頻度(例えば、1週間に1回など)を、微補正の作業頻度(例えば、レシピの変更ごと、など)よりも少なくすることができる。したがって、このように構成されたキャリブレーション方式によれば、粗補正の作業頻度を低減でき、生産性を向上させることができる。
(ステップS21)露光制御装置は、モジュールMUごとに、記憶部300からレシピ情報を取得する。露光制御装置は、モジュールMUごとに、取得したレシピ情報が示すDMD10のマイクロミラーMsのOn状態・Off状態を、DMD10の特定パターンとして取得する。
なお、所定パターンは、ステップS21において取得された、レシピ情報に基づく特定パターンそのものであってもよい。
なお、露光制御装置は、上述したステップS15およびステップS24における重心および照度の補正において、複数の互いに異なる特定パターンを与えて、特定パターンごとの重心および照度の変化を把握してもよい。例えば、露光制御装置は、特定パターンがライン&スペース状パターンである場合に、ラインの周期(ピッチ)を種々変化させて、重心および照度の変化を把握してもよい。
このように構成することにより、露光制御装置は、重心および照度のばらつきの程度をより精密に把握することができ、補正の精度を向上させることができる。
また、露光制御装置は、第1段階で重心の補正を行い、次の第2段階で照度の補正を行うように、補正順序を定めて重心および照度の補正を行ってもよい。このように構成することで、露光制御装置は、瞳位置における重心のずれによる光束のケラレと、照度不足とを区別して補正することができる。
このような場合において露光制御装置は、On状態のマイクロミラーMsの数が極めて少ない特定パターンについて、時間的あるいは空間的に分割して露光する(いわゆる多重露光する)ことにより、照度の不足を解消するように動作し、計測精度を向上させてもよい。
露光制御装置は、各スキャンにおいて、レシピ情報に登録されている実露光パターンが急変する部分(例えば、液晶型の表示パネルにおける、ベゼル部分と画素部分との境目)において、テストパターンを切り替えることにより、実露光パターンに対応した重心および照度の補正を行ってもよい。
露光制御装置は、レシピ情報に基づいて空間光変調素子(DMD)を駆動して基板P上にパターンを露光する際、照度に関する情報に応じて、照明ユニット又は投影ユニット内の少なくとも1つの光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは空間光変調素子の角度を調整する調整機構を制御する。
Claims (38)
- 描画データに基づいてオン状態とオフ状態とに切り替わるように駆動される複数のマイクロミラーを含む空間光変調素子と、前記空間光変調素子に照明光を照射する照明ユニットと、前記空間光変調素子におけるオン状態のマイクロミラーからの反射光を結像光束として基板に入射する投影ユニットと、を含むモジュールを複数と、
前記結像光束の状態を補正する補正情報を前記モジュールごとに保存する制御ユニットと、
前記補正情報に基づいて、前記モジュールごとに、前記照明ユニット又は前記投影ユニット内の光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは、前記空間光変調素子の角度を調整する調整機構と、
を含む露光装置。 - 前記制御ユニットは、前記空間光変調素子におけるオン状態のマイクロミラーの分布密度に応じて生じる前記結像光束の角度変化に関する情報を、前記モジュールごとに、保存し、
前記調整機構は、前記補正情報及び前記角度変化に関する情報に基づいて、前記モジュールごとに、前記照明ユニット又は前記投影ユニット内の光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは、前記空間光変調素子の角度を調整する、
請求項1に記載の露光装置。 - 前記空間光変調素子におけるオン状態のマイクロミラーの分布密度に応じて生じる前記結像光束のテレセン誤差に起因して発生する、前記基板に投影される前記描画データに対応するデバイスパターンの非対称性の度合いを計測する計測部を含み、
前記調整機構は、前記非対称性が低減されるように、前記モジュールごとに、前記照明ユニット又は前記投影ユニット内の光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは、前記空間光変調素子の角度を調整する、
請求項1に記載の露光装置。 - 前記投影ユニットは、前記結像光束を所定の開口径で通す射出瞳を設定する開口絞りを含み、
前記調整機構は、前記角度変化に関する情報から規定される、前記射出瞳における前記結像光束の強度分布の偏心が低減されるように調整する、
請求項2に記載の露光装置。 - 前記投影ユニットの像面側で前記基板を支持して移動するステージ装置を、さらに含み、
前記ステージ装置は、前記強度分布を計測する光学計測部を含む、
請求項4に記載の露光装置。 - 前記角度変化に関する情報は、前記描画データに基づいて生成されるテレセン誤差を含み、
前記制御ユニットは、前記テレセン誤差が許容範囲を超えることを判定し、
前記調整機構は、前記テレセン誤差に基づいて調整する、
請求項5に記載の露光装置。 - 前記制御ユニットは、前記テレセン誤差が前記許容範囲を超えるパターン形態に対応したテストパターン用の描画データを保存し、
前記光学計測部は、前記テストパターン用の描画データ基づいて駆動される前記空間光変調素子からの前記結像光束の前記射出瞳における強度分布を計測することにより、前記テレセン誤差を確認する、
請求項6に記載の露光装置。 - 前記照明ユニットは、光源装置からのビームが入射するオプチカルインテグレータと、前記オプチカルインテグレータで生成された面光源からの光を、前記空間光変調素子のミラー面に向けてケーラー照明するコンデンサーレンズ系とを含み、
前記面光源と前記射出瞳は光学的に共役であり、
前記投影ユニットは、前記空間光変調素子のオン状態のマイクロミラーで生成されるパターンを縮小投影する、
請求項3~6のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記調整機構は、前記空間光変調素子に照射される前記照明光の入射角が変更されるように、前記オプチカルインテグレータに入射する前記ビームの入射位置又は入射角を調整する調整機構、又は、前記オプチカルインテグレータと前記コンデンサーレンズ系との偏心方向に関する相対的な位置関係を調整する調整機構を含む、
請求項8に記載の露光装置。 - 前記制御ユニットは、前記空間光変調素子のオン状態のマイクロミラーの密度分布に応じて生じる前記結像光束の照度変動に関する情報を保存する、
請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記照明ユニットは、前記空間光変調素子に照射される前記照明光の照度を変化させる照度調整フィルターを含み、
前記調整機構は、前記照度変動に関する情報に基づいて前記照度調整フィルターを制御する機構を含む、
請求項10に記載の露光装置。 - 前記制御ユニットは、前記空間光変調素子のオン状態のマイクロミラーの密度分布に応じて生じる前記結像光束の照度変動に関する情報を保存し、
前記結像光束を前記基板に投影する際の前記ステージ装置の移動速度は、前記照度変動に関する情報に基づいて調整される、
請求項5に記載の露光装置。 - 前記投影ユニットは、前記射出瞳の前後に配置される複数のレンズと、前記調整機構によって前記空間光変調素子の角度が調整されることに生じる像面傾斜を補正する光学部材とを含む、
請求項3~6のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記投影ユニットは、前記射出瞳の前後に配置される複数のレンズを含み、
前記調整機構によって前記空間光変調素子の角度が調整される際に生じる像面傾斜が補正されるように、前記複数のレンズの一部が偏心方向に位置調整される、
請求項3~6のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記制御ユニットは、前記描画データに基づいて、前記空間光変調素子の全ての前記マイクロミラーのうちの半数以上がオン状態となる場合に前記結像光束のテレセン誤差の大きさを判定する、
請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記空間光変調素子の前記複数のマイクロミラーは、非駆動時に平坦となる反射面を中立面としたときに、前記中立面内の互いに直交する第1方向と第2方向の各々に沿って2次元に配置され、
前記制御ユニットは、前記描画データに基づいて、前記第1方向と前記第2方向の両方に隣接した数個以上の前記マイクロミラーが前記オン状態のマイクロミラーになる場合にテレセン誤差の大きさを判定する、
請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記制御ユニットは、前記描画データに基づいて、露光すべきパターンがライン&スペース状パターンのときは、前記空間光変調素子のマイクロミラーのうちのオン状態のマイクロミラーの配列の周期性と周期方向に基づいてテレセン誤差の大きさを判定する、
請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記調整機構は、前記制御ユニットで判定されたテレセン誤差の大きさが許容範囲を超える場合に前記光学部材の位置又は角度を調整する、
請求項15~17のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記許容範囲は、前記投影ユニットから前記基板に向かう前記結像光束の主光線の光軸に対する傾き角として±2°以内に設定される、
請求項18に記載の露光装置。 - 前記照明ユニットは、レーザ光源装置からのビームが入射され前記照明光の面光源を生成する面光源化部材と、前記面光源からの前記照明光が入射され前記空間光変調素子の反射面をケーラー照明するコンデンサーレンズ系と、を含み、
前記調整機構は、前記面光源と前記コンデンサーレンズ系との偏心方向に関する相対的な位置関係を調整する、
請求項1~3、15~19のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置。 - 前記調整機構は、前記面光源化部材に入射する前記レーザ光源装置からのビームの位置を前記偏心方向にシフトさせる第1のテレセン調整機構と、前記レーザ光源装置からのビームに対して前記面光源化部材の位置を前記偏心方向にシフトさせる第2のテレセン調整機構と、前記面光源化部材で生成された前記面光源の位置に対して前記コンデンサーレンズ系の位置を前記偏心方向にシフトさせる第3のテレセン調整機構と、を含む、
請求項20に記載の露光装置。 - 前記照明ユニットは、前記光学部材として前記照明光を所定の角度で反射させるミラーを含み、
前記調整機構は、前記ミラーの角度を変更して前記空間光変調素子に照射される前記照明光の入射角を調整する、
請求項20に記載の露光装置。 - 前記空間光変調素子の前記オン状態のマイクロミラーの反射面が、前記投影ユニットの光軸と垂直な面に対して設計上で角度θd(θd>0°)だけ傾くとき、前記照明ユニットは、前記コンデンサーレンズ系からの前記照明光の前記空間光変調素子への入射角θαが、設計上でθα=2・θdとなるような傾斜照明方式に設定され、前記調整機構によって前記入射角θαが調整される、
請求項20に記載の露光装置。 - 前記空間光変調素子と前記投影ユニットの間の光路中に配置される光分割器を備え、
前記空間光変調素子の前記オン状態のマイクロミラーの反射面が、前記投影ユニットの光軸と垂直な面に対して設計上で角度θd=0°に設定されるとき、前記照明ユニットは、前記コンデンサーレンズ系からの前記照明光が前記光分割器を介して、前記空間光変調素子に入射角θα=0°で照射されるような落射照明方式に設定され、前記調整機構によって前記入射角θαが調整される、
請求項20に記載の露光装置。 - 前記空間光変調素子のオン状態のマイクロミラーの分布状態に応じて生じる前記結像光束のテレセン誤差、又はオン状態のマイクロミラーの駆動誤差に起因して生じる前記結像光束の光量変動誤差を特定する段階と、
前記補正情報は、前記結像光束の状態を前記光量変動誤差に基づいて補正する情報を含み、請求項1~24のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置を用いて、前記結像光束を前記基板に入射する際、前記補正情報に基づいて前記空間光変調素子の設置状態を前記モジュールごとに調整する段階と、
を含むデバイス製造方法。 - 請求項1~24のいずれか一項に記載の露光装置を用いて前記基板を露光することを含む
デバイス製造方法。 - 前記補正情報は、前記基板上に投影される実露光パターンの線幅を変更することにより、前記基板上での実質的な照度を補正するものである、
請求項25又は26に記載のデバイス製造方法。 - 前記オン状態のマイクロミラーの1つ又は並んだ数個が独立又は列を成して配列する孤立状パターン、前記孤立状パターンが一定の周期で並ぶように前記オン状態のマイクロミラーが配列するライン&スペース状パターン、或いは、前記孤立状パターンよりも数倍以上大きな寸法となるように前記オン状態のマイクロミラーが密に配列するランド状パターンの各々における分布状態に応じて規定される回折光の発生状態に基づいて、テレセン誤差、非対称性誤差、又は光量変動誤差を特定する特定する段階を含み、
前記空間光変調素子の前記オン状態のマイクロミラーの反射面は、前記投影ユニットの光軸と垂直な面に対して設計上で角度θd(θd≧0°)だけ傾くように設定されると共に、前記オン状態のマイクロミラーの駆動誤差として±Δθdの角度誤差を含み、
前記照明ユニットからの前記照明光の前記空間光変調素子への入射角θαは、設計上でθα=2・θdとなるように設定される、
請求項25又は26に記載のデバイス製造方法。 - 前記特定する段階では、
前記オン状態のマイクロミラーが前記孤立状パターンを生成する際の前記結像光束の前記テレセン誤差前記角度誤差±Δθdと特定する、
請求項28に記載のデバイス製造方法。 - 前記マイクロミラーの配列ピッチをPdx、nを実数、前記照明光の波長をλ、前記回折光の次数j(j=0、1、2、…)ごとの角度をθjとしたとき、
前記特定する段階では、
前記オン状態のマイクロミラーが前記ランド状パターンを生成する際の前記結像光束の前記テレセン誤差を、
sinθj=j・(λ/(n・Pdx))-sinθα
で規定される複数次の回折光のうち、前記投影ユニットの光軸からの傾きが小さいj次の回折光の角度で規定する、
請求項28に記載のデバイス製造方法。 - 前記特定する段階では、
前記オン状態のマイクロミラーの単体からの反射光の前記投影ユニットの射出瞳における点像強度分布が、前記角度誤差±Δθdに対応して偏心する度合いに基づいて前記結像光束の前記光量変動誤差を特定し、
前記孤立状パターン、前記ライン&スペース状パターン、又は前記ランド状パターンのいずれかに属するテストパターンを前記空間光変調素子で生成し、前記投影ユニットを介して投影される前記テストパターンの投影像の強度分布に基づいて前記非対称性誤差を特定し、
前記空間光変調素子で生成された前記孤立状パターン、前記ライン&スペース状パターン、又は前記ランド状パターンのいずれかに対応した前記結像光束を前記投影ユニットで投影した状態で、前記投影ユニットの射出瞳に形成される前記結像光束の強度分布のずれを計測して前記テレセン誤差を特定する、
請求項28~30のいずれか一項に記載のデバイス製造方法。 - 描画データに基づいてオン状態とオフ状態とに切り換わるように駆動される複数のマイクロミラーを含む空間光変調素子に照明光を照射する照明ユニットと、前記空間光変調素子のオン状態になったマイクロミラーからの反射光を結像光束として基板に入射して、前記描画データに対応するデバイスパターンを前記基板に投影する投影ユニットと、を含むモジュールを含む露光装置の制御方法であって、
前記空間光変調素子のオン状態のマイクロミラーの分布に基づいて生じる前記結像光束の角度変化を調整することと、
前記角度変化を調整することにより生じる前記デバイスパターンの線幅変化を、前記描画データを補正することにより調整することと、
を含む制御方法。 - 前記角度変化を調整することは、前記照明ユニット又は前記投影ユニット内の光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは前記空間光変調素子の角度を調整することを含む、
請求項32に記載の制御方法。 - 前記描画データを補正することは、前記描画データに含まれるパターンデータの線幅を補正することを含む、
請求項32又は33に記載の制御方法。 - 前記モジュールを複数含み、
前記角度変化を調整することと、前記線幅変化を調整することとは、前記モジュールごとに行う、
請求項32~34のいずれか一項に記載の制御方法。 - 描画データに基づいてオン状態とオフ状態とに切り換わるように駆動される複数のマイクロミラーを含む空間光変調素子と、前記空間光変調素子に照明光を照射する照明ユニットと、前記空間光変調素子におけるオン状態のマイクロミラーからの反射光を結像光束として基板に投影する投影ユニットと、を含むモジュールと、
前記空間光変調素子のオン状態のマイクロミラーの分布密度とオン状態のマイクロミラーの傾斜角の角度誤差に応じて生じる前記結像光束の照度差を含む照度関連情報を保存する制御ユニットと、
前記描画データに基づいて前記空間光変調素子を駆動して前記基板に前記結像光束を投影する際、前記照度関連情報に応じて、前記照明ユニット又は前記投影ユニット内の光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは、前記空間光変調素子の角度を調整する調整機構と、
を含む露光装置。 - 前記モジュールを複数と、
前記分布密度と前記角度誤差に応じて生じる前記結像光束の前記複数モジュールの間の照度差を計測する計測機構と、を含み、
前記基板に前記結像光束を投影する際、前記計測した照度差を含む前記照度関連情報に応じて、前記調整機構は、前記照明ユニット又は前記投影ユニット内の光学部材の位置又は角度、或いは、前記空間光変調素子の角度を調整し、かつ、前記結像光束の照度を調整する、
請求項36に記載の露光装置。 - 前記モジュールを複数と、
前記分布密度と前記角度誤差に応じて生じる前記結像光束の前記複数モジュールの間の照度差及び前記結像光束の結像状態に起因して発生する線幅誤差を実質的に求め、前記描画データの線幅に補正を加える演算ユニットを含む、
請求項36に記載の露光装置。
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| JP2007052214A (ja) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-03-01 | Nikon Corp | 走査型露光装置及びマイクロデバイスの製造方法 |
| JP2009009127A (ja) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-15 | Asml Netherlands Bv | テレセントリック性の制御を瞳の充填に使用するリソグラフィ装置及びデバイス製造方法 |
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| JP2007052214A (ja) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-03-01 | Nikon Corp | 走査型露光装置及びマイクロデバイスの製造方法 |
| JP2009009127A (ja) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-15 | Asml Netherlands Bv | テレセントリック性の制御を瞳の充填に使用するリソグラフィ装置及びデバイス製造方法 |
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