WO2024125000A1

WO2024125000A1 - Power supply switching circuit and apparatus, and system

Info

Publication number: WO2024125000A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/118236
Authority: WO
Inventors: 雷代军
Original assignee: 深圳市广和通无线股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-12-13
Filing date: 2023-09-12
Publication date: 2024-06-20
Also published as: CN116191640A

Abstract

Disclosed are a power supply switching circuit and apparatus, and a system. The power supply switching circuit is connected to a plurality of power supply sources, and the circuit comprises a control module and a plurality of switch modules, wherein an input end of each switch module is respectively correspondingly connected to an output end of a power supply source, an output end of each switch module serves as an output end of the power supply switching circuit, and a control end of each power supply switching circuit is respectively connected to an output end of the control module; the control module is configured to send, according to a control instruction, a communication signal to a switch module corresponding to the control instruction; and the switch modules are configured to output, when the communication signal is received, electric energy by means of the power supply sources connected to the switch modules.

Description

Power supply switching circuit, device and system

Citation of Related Applications

This disclosure claims all rights and interests in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202211612010.1, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on December 13, 2022, and with the invention name "Power supply switching circuit, device and system", and incorporates its entire contents into this disclosure by reference.

field

The present disclosure generally relates to the field of device power supply, and more specifically to power supply switching circuits, devices and systems.

background

Communication modules are widely used in IOT industries such as POS, power grid, and Internet of Vehicles, as well as in MBB markets such as PC and CPE. As the link in the Internet of Things industry, communication modules provide support for the interconnection of all things. As standard or customized parts, communication modules need to be tested and verified through EVB (Evaluation Board) for various functions and performance. At the same time, EVB should be easy for customers to use when powering, and it needs to support multiple power supply methods, such as external programmable power supply, USB or power adapter power supply, and be able to switch between different power supply methods; the existing switching solutions mostly use toggle switches to switch different power supplies, and because they need to support power supply up to 5A, the toggle switch must be large in size, occupying more EVB board space. At the same time, directly switching the power supply with a toggle switch will cause voltage overshoot and damage the circuit.

Overview

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a power supply switching circuit, wherein the power supply switching circuit is connected to a plurality of power supplies; the circuit comprises a control module and a plurality of switch modules, wherein an input end of each switch module is respectively connected to an output end of one of the power supplies, The output end of each switch module serves as the output end of the power supply switching circuit, and the control end of each power supply switching circuit is respectively connected to an output end of the control module;

The control module is configured to send a connection signal to the switch module corresponding to the control instruction according to the control instruction; and

The switch module is configured to output electric energy through the connected power supply when receiving the connection signal.

In some embodiments, the switch module includes a first switch tube and an anti-backflow unit; wherein, the input end of the first switch tube serves as the input end of the switch module, the output end of the first switch tube is connected to the input end of the anti-backflow unit, the output end of the anti-backflow unit serves as the output end of the switch module, and the control end of the first switch tube and the control end of the anti-backflow unit serve as the control end of the switch module.

In some embodiments, the first switch tube is a PMOS tube, wherein: the input end of the first switch tube is the source of the PMOS tube, the output end of the first switch tube is the drain of the PMOS tube, and the control end of the first switch tube is the gate of the PMOS tube.

In certain embodiments, the anti-backflow unit includes a second switch tube; the input end of the second switch tube serves as the input end of the anti-backflow unit, the output end of the second switch tube serves as the output end of the anti-backflow unit, and the control end of the second switch tube serves as the control end of the anti-backflow unit, wherein: the second switch tube is a PMOS tube, the output end of the second switch tube is the source of the PMOS tube, the input end of the second switch tube is the drain of the PMOS tube, and the control end of the second switch tube is the gate of the PMOS tube.

In certain embodiments, the control module includes an instruction trigger unit and a signal unit; wherein the input end of the signal unit is respectively connected to the output end of each of the power supplies, the output end of the signal unit is connected to the instruction trigger unit, and the output end of the instruction trigger unit serves as the output end of the control module.

In some embodiments, the command trigger unit includes a toggle switch, the toggle switch includes a moving contact and a plurality of stationary contacts, each of the stationary contacts corresponds to the switch The control end of the module is connected, each of the static contacts is also connected to the output end of the signal unit, and the moving contact is grounded.

In some embodiments, the signal unit includes multiple first resistors, the first ends of each of the first resistors are connected to each other and to the output end of each of the power supplies, and the second ends of each of the first resistors are respectively connected to the output end of the instruction trigger unit.

In some embodiments, the signal unit further includes a plurality of second diodes, each of which is connected between an output terminal of the power supply and a first terminal of the first resistor; wherein:

An anode of the second diode is connected to the output end of the power supply, and a cathode of the second diode is connected to the first end of the first resistor.

On the other hand, the present disclosure further provides a power supply switching device, which includes a circuit board and the power supply switching circuit described in the present disclosure, wherein the power supply switching circuit is arranged on the circuit board.

On the other hand, the present disclosure further provides a power supply switching system, which includes multiple power supplies and the power supply switching circuit described in the present disclosure.

In certain embodiments, the control module and the switch module are separately provided, the control module responds to the user's control instructions, and the connectivity state of the switch module is controlled based on the user's control instructions. Since the control module itself is not involved in the connectivity of the power supply, the requirement for the control module to withstand large currents is avoided, and there is no need to use a larger control module, thereby reducing the occupied space. At the same time, the power supply is connected through the switch module, avoiding voltage overshoot caused by the toggling of the mechanical switch, which may cause damage to the circuit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a functional module diagram of a power supply switching circuit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a circuit structure diagram of a power supply switching circuit in an embodiment of the present disclosure applied in the embodiment of FIG. 1 .

The realization of the objectives, functional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be further described in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of Figure Numbers:

Details

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the present disclosure.

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present disclosure (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this disclosure are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other. However, it must be based on the fact that it can be realized by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this disclosure.

The present disclosure provides a power supply switching circuit, which is applied to a power supply switching device. The power supply switching device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a module capable of realizing a communication function or a terminal device including the module, etc., and the terminal device may be a mobile terminal or a smart terminal. In certain embodiments, the mobile terminal may be at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, etc.; the smart terminal may be a terminal containing a wireless communication module such as a smart car, a smart watch, a shared bicycle, a smart cabinet, etc.; the module may be a wireless communication module, such as any one of a 2G communication module, a 3G communication module, a 4G communication module, a 5G communication module, and a NB-IOT communication module. Please refer to Figure 1, which is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of a power supply switching circuit of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the power supply switching circuit is connected to a plurality of power supplies; the circuit includes a control module 100 and a plurality of switch modules 200, the input end of each of the switch modules 200 is respectively connected to the output end of one of the power supplies, the output end of each of the switch modules 200 is used as the output end of the power supply switching circuit, and the control end of each of the power supply switching circuits is respectively connected to an output end of the control module 100; wherein:

The control module 100 is configured to send a connection signal to the switch module 200 corresponding to the control instruction according to the control instruction; and

The switch module 200 is configured to output electric energy through the connected power supply when receiving the connection signal.

The power supply switching circuit obtains electrical energy from the connected power supply and powers the connected module through the electrical energy of the power supply. It should be noted that the power supply switching circuit in this embodiment can be applied to different power-consuming modules or devices. In this embodiment, the communication module is used as an example for explanation. Other types of modules or devices can be applied by analogy and will not be described in detail. The output end of the power supply switching circuit is connected to the communication module.

It can be understood that the number of switch modules 200 actually used is consistent with the number of actually connected power supplies, one switch module 200 corresponds to one power supply, and the output ends of the switch modules 200 are connected to each other as the output ends of the power supply switching circuit; at the same time There is only one switch module 200 connecting the power supply and the communication module, that is, at the same time, there is only one power supply supplying power to the communication module.

The control instruction is triggered manually by the user or automatically by the corresponding program; the control instruction is used to indicate the switch module 200 that needs to be connected; the connection signal is used to indicate the connection to the switch module 200. It should be noted that a shutdown signal can also be set based on the connection signal, and the shutdown signal is used to indicate the shutdown to the switch module 200; when the connection signal is sent to the switch module 200 corresponding to the control instruction, the shutdown signal is sent to other switch modules 200 at the same time. When the switch module 200 receives the connection signal, it supplies power to the communication module through the connected power supply. When the switch module 200 receives the shutdown signal, it disconnects the power supply channel between the connected power supply and the communication module.

In this embodiment, the control module 100 and the switch module 200 are separately arranged, and the control module 100 responds to the user's control instructions, and the connection state of the switch module 200 is controlled based on the user's control instructions. Since the control module 100 itself does not participate in the connection of the power supply, the requirement for the control module 100 to withstand large currents is avoided, and there is no need to use a larger-sized control module 100, thereby reducing the occupied space. At the same time, the power supply is connected through the switch module 200, which avoids voltage overshoot caused by the toggling of the mechanical switch, which may cause damage to the circuit.

In certain embodiments, see FIG. 2 hereinafter, the switch module 200 includes a first switch tube Q1 and an anti-backflow unit; wherein the input end of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the input end of the switch module 200, the output end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the input end of the anti-backflow unit, the output end of the anti-backflow unit serves as the output end of the switch module 200, and the control end of the first switch tube Q1 and the control end of the anti-backflow unit serve as the control end of the switch module 200. The type of switch tube can be selected based on the actual application scenario and needs, such as a PMOS tube, an NMOS tube, an IGBT, etc. In certain embodiments, if the first switch tube Q1 is a PMOS tube, the input end of the first switch tube Q1 is the source of the PMOS tube, the output end of the first switch tube Q1 is the drain of the PMOS tube, and the control end of the first switch tube Q1 is the gate of the PMOS tube; the PMOS tube that can support a large current of 5A and a low on-resistance is selected. In this embodiment, 10mΩ is used, and the total on-resistance of two PMOS tubes connected in series is 20mΩ, which can meet The 5G communication module requires the power supply voltage drop to be below 0.1V at a peak current of 5A.

It can be understood that if the first switch tube Q1 is an IGBT, the input end of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the collector of the IGBT, the output end of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the emitter of the IGBT, and the control end of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the source of the IGBT; other types of switch tubes can be set up in a similar manner and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the first switch tube Q1 is a PMOS tube as an example for description. At this time, the shutdown signal is a high level and the connection signal is a low level.

The anti-backflow unit includes a second switch tube Q2; the input end of the second switch tube Q2 serves as the input end of the anti-backflow unit, the output end of the second switch tube Q2 serves as the output end of the anti-backflow unit, and the control end of the second switch tube Q2 serves as the control end of the anti-backflow unit; wherein: the second switch tube Q2 is a PMOS tube, the output end of the second switch tube Q2 is the source of the PMOS tube, the input end of the second switch tube Q2 is the drain of the PMOS tube, and the control end of the second switch tube Q2 is the gate of the PMOS tube.

The second switch tube Q2 is used to prevent backflow between different power supplies. It can be understood that, compared with the backflow prevention function achieved by a diode, the voltage drop generated when the power supply is output can be avoided by a PMOS tube, thus meeting the requirements for the power supply.

When the gate of the first switch tube Q1 and the gate of the second switch tube Q2 receive a low level, the voltage difference between the source and the gate of the first switch tube Q1 meets the conduction condition, and the voltage of the power supply flows through the first switch tube Q1. At the same time, due to the action of the body diode of the second switch tube Q2, the voltage difference between the source and the gate of the second switch tube Q2 meets the conduction condition, and the voltage of the power supply flows through the second switch tube Q2 to power the communication module.

When the gate of the first switch tube Q1 and the gate of the second switch tube Q2 receive a high level, the voltage difference between the source and the gate of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch does not meet the conduction condition, and the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned off. At the same time, if other switch modules 200 are connected to power the communication module at this time, due to the effect of the body diode of the second switch tube Q2, the voltage backflow of other power sources can be avoided.

This embodiment can realize the connection and disconnection between the power supply and the communication module.

In certain embodiments, the control module 100 includes an instruction trigger unit 101 and a signal unit 102; wherein the input end of the signal unit 102 is respectively connected to the output end of each of the power supplies, the output end of the signal unit 102 is connected to the instruction trigger unit 101, and the output end of the instruction trigger unit 101 serves as the output end of the control module 100.

The signal unit 102 is used to obtain power from the power supply; the instruction trigger unit 101 is used to respond to the control instruction and generate a connection signal or a shutdown signal through the voltage obtained from the power supply by the signal unit 102.

In certain embodiments, the instruction trigger unit 101 includes a toggle switch SW1, which includes a moving contact and multiple static contacts, each of which is respectively connected to the control end of the switch module 200, each of which is also connected to the output end of the signal unit 102, and the moving contact is grounded.

The connection relationship between the moving contact and the static contact can be changed by adjusting the moving contact. The moving contact can be in the form of moving the contact itself to change the connection relationship with the static contact, or a knife is set on the moving contact, and the connection relationship with the static contact is changed by adjusting the position of the knife. It should be noted that the number of static contacts should be consistent with the number of switch modules 200 actually used, and one static contact is connected to the control end of one switch module 200.

In some embodiments, the signal unit 102 includes multiple first resistors R1, the first ends of each of the first resistors R1 are connected to each other and to the output end of each of the power supplies, and the second ends of each of the first resistors R1 are respectively connected to the output end of the instruction trigger unit 101.

Each first resistor R1 can draw power from each power supply, and transmit the voltage of the power supply to the instruction trigger unit 101 through different first resistors R1. The first resistor R1 serves as a pull-up resistor of the instruction trigger unit 101. In certain embodiments, when the second end of the first resistor R1 is not grounded, the power supply voltage is continuously output to the switch module 200 to provide a high level. When the second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded, the control end of the connected switch module 200 is grounded and presents a low level, thereby realizing the conversion of the connection signal and the shutdown signal. It should be noted that the resistance value of the first resistor R1 can be selected according to the actual application needs. In this embodiment, it is set is 100KΩ.

It should be noted that the power supply in this embodiment may include a programmable power supply and a USB power supply. The voltage range of the programmable power supply is generally 3.135V to 4.4V, and the USB power supply is 5V. When powering the communication module, the USB 5V power supply needs to be converted into a 3.3V power supply through a step-down circuit. However, when the signal unit 102 is connected to the power supply, it is directly connected to the USB 5V power supply. Since the USB is powered by 5V, which is higher than the voltage of the programmable power supply, it can ensure that the USB provides a stable 5V voltage when there is USB power supply, avoiding the problem of leakage of the programmable power supply caused by the use of a programmable power supply, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the programmable power supply measurement module shutdown leakage current and sleep power consumption.

In some embodiments, the signal unit 102 further includes a plurality of second diodes D2, each of which is connected between an output terminal of the power supply and a first terminal of the first resistor R1; wherein:

An anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the output end of the power supply, and a cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1.

The second diode D2 is used to prevent voltage backflow between different power supplies; since the current of the second diode D2 is much lower than 1 mA, a small-sized and low-current diode can be selected.

It should be noted that the moving contact in the aforementioned embodiment is grounded, and the switch module 200 that outputs a low level is determined by adjusting the connection relationship between the moving contact and the static contact; in other embodiments, the signal unit can also be connected to the moving contact to provide a high level, and a corresponding low level generating structure is set at the static contact. At this time, the switch module 200 that outputs a high level is determined by adjusting the connection relationship between the moving contact and the static contact.

In some embodiments, the output end of each power supply is connected to the positive electrode of the corresponding second diode, the negative electrode of each second diode is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the moving contact of the toggle switch; the static contact of the toggle switch is connected to the control end of the corresponding switch module, and the static contact is grounded through the second resistor. It should be noted that in this embodiment, only the basic structure of the circuit is described, and it can be adjusted and set based on this basis based on actual application needs, which will not be repeated here.

The solution of this embodiment is described below based on FIG. 2 .

In certain embodiments, pin 1 of the toggle switch SW1 is a static contact connected to the switch module 1, pin 3 is a static contact connected to the switch module 2, and pin 2 is a moving contact. The switch module 1 is connected to the USB power supply, and the switch module 2 is connected to the programmable power supply.

When pins 2 and 1 of the toggle switch SW1 are short-circuited, the USB power enable VBUS_EN is low, the switch module 2001 is turned on, and the communication module is powered by the USB power supply. When pins 2 and 3 of the toggle switch SW1 are short-circuited, the programmable power enable DCIN_EN is low, the switch module 2 is turned on, and the communication module is powered by the programmable power supply. The toggle switch SW1 is a single-pole double-throw switch, so that the control enable pin of the switch module 200 has only the following two states:

VBUS_EN is low level, DCIN_EN is high level, switch module 1 is turned on, and switch module 2 is turned off;

VBUS_EN is high level, DCIN_EN is low level, switch module 1 is turned off, and switch module 2 is turned on.

Therefore, there is no situation where switch module 1 and switch module 2 are turned on at the same time. At the same time, since switch module 1 and switch module 2 are both dual PMOS designs with anti-backflow function, the voltage backflow problem caused by the internal equivalent diode of the PMOS device can be effectively avoided.

See the table below for specific switch control logic:

This embodiment can realize switching between power supply sources.

The present disclosure also provides a power supply switching device, which includes a circuit board and a power supply switching circuit, wherein the power supply switching circuit is arranged on the circuit board, and the structure of the power supply switching circuit can refer to the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here. As a matter of course, since the power supply switching device of this embodiment adopts the technical solution of the above power supply switching circuit, the power supply switching device has all the beneficial effects of the above power supply switching circuit.

The present disclosure also provides a power supply switching system, which includes multiple power supplies and the power supply switching circuit as described above. The structure of the power supply switching circuit can refer to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. As a matter of course, since the power supply switching device of this embodiment adopts the technical solution of the above power supply switching circuit, the power supply switching device has all the beneficial effects of the above power supply switching circuit.

It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element. The above serial numbers of the embodiments of the present disclosure are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

The above are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present disclosure. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present disclosure and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent scope of the present disclosure. within the scope of protection.

Claims

A power supply switching circuit, wherein the power supply switching circuit is connected to a plurality of power supplies; the circuit comprises a control module and a plurality of switch modules, the input end of each switch module is respectively connected to an output end of one of the power supplies, the output end of each switch module serves as the output end of the power supply switching circuit, and the control end of each power supply switching circuit is respectively connected to an output end of the control module;

The control module is configured to send a connection signal to the switch module corresponding to the control instruction according to the control instruction; and

The switch module is configured to output electric energy through the connected power supply when receiving the connection signal.
The power supply switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch module includes a first switch tube and an anti-backflow unit; the input end of the first switch tube serves as the input end of the switch module, the output end of the first switch tube is connected to the input end of the anti-backflow unit, the output end of the anti-backflow unit serves as the output end of the switch module, and the control end of the first switch tube and the control end of the anti-backflow unit serve as the control end of the switch module.
The power supply switching circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first switch tube is a PMOS tube, the input end of the first switch tube is the source of the PMOS tube, the output end of the first switch tube is the drain of the PMOS tube, and the control end of the first switch tube is the gate of the PMOS tube.
The power supply switching circuit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the backflow prevention unit includes a second switch tube; the input end of the second switch tube serves as the input end of the backflow prevention unit, the output end of the second switch tube serves as the output end of the backflow prevention unit, and the control end of the second switch tube serves as the control end of the backflow prevention unit; the second switch tube is a PMOS tube, the output end of the second switch tube is the source of the PMOS tube, and the The input end of the second switch tube is the drain of the PMOS tube, and the control end of the second switch tube is the gate of the PMOS tube.
The power supply switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control module includes a command trigger unit and a signal unit; the input end of the signal unit is respectively connected to the output end of each of the power supplies, the output end of the signal unit is connected to the command trigger unit, and the output end of the command trigger unit serves as the output end of the control module.
The power supply switching circuit as described in claim 5, wherein the command trigger unit includes a toggle switch, the toggle switch includes a moving contact and a plurality of static contacts, each of the static contacts is respectively connected to the control end of the switch module, each of the static contacts is also connected to the output end of the signal unit, and the moving contact is grounded.
The power supply switching circuit as described in claim 5 or 6, wherein the signal unit includes a plurality of first resistors, the first ends of the first resistors are connected to each other and to the output ends of the power supplies, and the second ends of the first resistors are respectively connected to the output ends of the command trigger units.
The power supply switching circuit according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the signal unit further comprises a plurality of second diodes, each of the second diodes being respectively connected between an output end of the power supply and the first end of the first resistor;

An anode of the second diode is connected to the output end of the power supply, and a cathode of the second diode is connected to the first end of the first resistor.
A power supply switching device comprises a circuit board and the power supply switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the power supply switching circuit is arranged on the circuit board.
A power supply switching system comprises a plurality of power supplies and a power supply switching circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.