WO2024116860A1 - Article absorbant - Google Patents

Article absorbant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024116860A1
WO2024116860A1 PCT/JP2023/041191 JP2023041191W WO2024116860A1 WO 2024116860 A1 WO2024116860 A1 WO 2024116860A1 JP 2023041191 W JP2023041191 W JP 2023041191W WO 2024116860 A1 WO2024116860 A1 WO 2024116860A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
skin side
liquid
permeable sheet
absorbent article
fibers
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PCT/JP2023/041191
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
久孝 七海
牧子 岩本
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ユニ・チャーム株式会社
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Publication of WO2024116860A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024116860A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to absorbent articles.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes an absorbent personal care article comprising at least one layer, the layer comprising a support having a treatment agent applied thereto, the treatment agent comprising a bound enzyme.
  • the absorbent personal care article of Patent Document 1 aims to decompose viscous components, particularly mucin, of cervical mucus and the like.
  • the above-mentioned viscous components are unlikely to permeate through the top sheet of the absorbent article and tend to remain on the skin-contacting surface of the top sheet, which tends to cause discomfort to the wearer due to contact between the viscous components and the skin.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that "The use of conjugated enzymes can reduce skin or mucosal sensitization in the event that the conjugated enzyme migrates into the user's body, as compared to unmodified enzymes. Furthermore, the conjugated enzymes are less likely to migrate from the treated material to the user, thereby reducing the risk of sensitization to users of absorbent products containing the conjugated enzymes.”
  • Menstrual blood contains not only viscous components such as cervical mucus, but also blood clots. Furthermore, like the viscous component, the blood coagulate does not easily permeate the top sheet of the absorbent article and tends to remain on the skin-contacting surface of the top sheet. When changing the absorbent article, the wearer may experience visual discomfort when viewing the liver-like blood coagulate, and the liver-like blood coagulate may fall off and adhere to clothing, etc., when changing the absorbent article, causing discomfort in handling. Therefore, it is preferable that the blood coagulate does not remain on the surface of the top sheet.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide an absorbent article that reduces discomfort to the wearer caused by both viscous components and blood clots in menstrual blood.
  • the present inventors have discovered an absorbent article for absorbing menstrual blood, which includes an absorbent core, and which is characterized in that the absorbent article includes a liquid-permeable sheet made of a fabric containing fibers and which is placed closer to the skin than the absorbent core, the liquid-permeable sheet including a functional component containing serine protease, and the liquid-permeable sheet is configured to retain the menstrual blood.
  • the absorbent article disclosed herein reduces the discomfort experienced by the wearer due to both the viscous components in menstrual blood and blood clots.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the embodiment.
  • An absorbent article for absorbing menstrual blood comprising an absorbent core
  • the absorbent article includes a liquid-permeable sheet made of a fabric containing fibers and disposed closer to the skin than the absorbent core,
  • the liquid-permeable sheet includes a functional component containing serine protease, and is configured to retain the menstrual blood.
  • the absorbent article as described above.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet comprises a functional component containing serine protease.
  • serine proteases reduce the viscosity of both viscous components such as cervical mucus in menstrual blood and blood clots.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet is configured to retain body fluids. Therefore, in the absorbent article, while the liquid-permeable sheet retains body fluid, the serine protease reduces the viscosity of the viscous components and can deliver them to the absorbent body, and the serine protease can be dissolved, dispersed, etc. in the reduced-viscosity viscous components, thereby diffusing the serine protease.
  • the serine protease that has diffused together with the viscous components and the like that have been reduced in viscosity comes into contact with the blood clot, increasing the opportunity for the serine protease to come into contact with the blood clot, thereby enabling the serine protease to decompose the blood clot accurately.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet contains absorbent fibers, the liquid-permeable sheet tends to temporarily store menstrual blood that has reached the absorbent article.
  • the serine protease contained in the liquid-permeable sheet acts on the menstrual blood temporarily stored in the liquid-permeable sheet, lowering the viscosity of viscous components in the menstrual blood, and can diffuse the serine protease together with the lowered viscosity viscous components.
  • the diffused serine protease then comes into contact with blood clots, and the serine protease can decompose the blood clots appropriately.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet since the liquid-permeable sheet has a predetermined void size, menstrual blood that reaches the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is likely to remain on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the serine protease contained in the liquid-permeable sheet acts on menstrual blood temporarily stored in the liquid-permeable sheet to reduce the viscosity of the viscous components, and can diffuse the serine protease together with the reduced-viscosity viscous components.
  • the diffused serine protease then comes into contact with blood clots, and the serine protease can accurately decompose the blood clots.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the absorbent component has an average pore size on the skin side that is within a specified range, so that serine protease can reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and break down blood clots, making it easier for the reduced-viscosity viscous components and blood clots to be transferred to the absorbent.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet since the liquid-permeable sheet has a predetermined average fiber diameter, menstrual blood that reaches the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is likely to remain on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the serine protease contained in the liquid-permeable sheet acts on menstrual blood temporarily stored in the liquid-permeable sheet to reduce the viscosity of the viscous components, and can diffuse the serine protease together with the reduced-viscosity viscous components.
  • the diffused serine protease can then come into contact with blood clots and accurately decompose the blood clots.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the absorbent component has an average fiber diameter on the skin side that is within a specified range, so that serine protease can reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and break down blood clots, making it easier for the reduced-viscosity viscous components and blood clots to be transferred to the absorbent.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet since the liquid-permeable sheet has a predetermined hydrophilicity, menstrual blood that reaches the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is likely to remain on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the serine protease contained in the liquid-permeable sheet acts on menstrual blood temporarily stored in the liquid-permeable sheet to reduce the viscosity of the viscous components, and can diffuse the serine protease together with the reduced-viscosity viscous components.
  • the diffused serine protease comes into contact with blood clots, and the serine protease can accurately decompose the blood clots.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet since the liquid-permeable sheet has a predetermined surface fiber density, menstrual blood that reaches the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is likely to remain on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the serine protease contained in the liquid-permeable sheet acts on menstrual blood temporarily stored in the liquid-permeable sheet to reduce the viscosity of the viscous components, and can diffuse the serine protease together with the reduced-viscosity viscous components.
  • the diffused serine protease comes into contact with blood clots, and the serine protease can accurately decompose the blood clots.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the absorbent article has a predetermined simulated fibrin residual rate. As a result, the wearer of the absorbent article is less likely to experience discomfort due to blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the specified simulated mucin residual rate is lower than the specified simulated fibrin residual rate. Therefore, in the above absorbent article, the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to the viscous components of menstrual blood, and is less likely to experience visual discomfort due to blood clots when changing the absorbent article.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet is made of a specified material, so the effect of mode 1 is high.
  • the absorbent article according to the present disclosure will be described in detail below.
  • the absorbent article according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited as long as it has an absorbent core and is capable of absorbing menstrual blood, and examples thereof include sanitary napkins, sanitary shorts, panty liners, and the like.
  • the absorbent article includes a liquid-permeable sheet made of a fabric containing fibers, the liquid-permeable sheet being disposed closer to the skin than the absorbent core.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet include a top sheet having a skin contact surface, a core wrap covering an absorbent core (the absorbent core and core wrap are sometimes referred to as an absorbent body), a diffusion sheet (e.g., a second sheet disposed between the top sheet and the absorbent body), and the like.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet is preferably one that is arranged closer to the menstrual blood, is more preferably the top sheet and the diffusion sheet (second sheet), and is even more preferably the top sheet.
  • the fabric may be a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a tissue, or the like.
  • the above-mentioned fabric can generally contain, as the fibers constituting the fabric, heat-fusible fibers that are intended to be heat-fused when forming the nonwoven fabric, thermoplastic resin fibers that are not intended to be heat-fused when forming the nonwoven fabric, water-absorbent fibers as described below, and the like.
  • the above-mentioned heat-fusible fibers include, for example, fibers formed from polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene; polyester-based polymers such as terephthalate-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, and polypentylene terephthalate; polyamide-based polymers such as nylon 6 or nylon 6,6; acrylic-based polymers; polyacrylonitrile-based polymers; or modified products thereof, or combinations thereof.
  • polyolefin-based polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene
  • polyester-based polymers such as terephthalate-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, and polypentylene terephthalate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • polybutylene terephthalate polybutylene terephthalate
  • polypentylene terephthalate polyamide-based polymers
  • thermoplastic resin fibers include those listed as the above-mentioned heat-fusible fibers. Furthermore, when the above-mentioned fabric contains both heat-fusible fibers and thermoplastic resin fibers, it is preferable that the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin fibers have a softening temperature, melting point, etc. higher than the softening temperature, melting point, etc. of the resin that constitutes the surface of the above-mentioned heat-fusible fibers.
  • the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin fibers include, for example, fibers formed from polyamide-based polymers, polyester-based polymers, etc.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may contain 100% by mass of water-absorbent fibers, but in that case, the liquid-permeable sheet (its fabric) does not contain the heat-fusible fibers or thermoplastic resin fibers.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet includes a functional component containing a serine protease.
  • a serine protease is nattokinase.
  • Nattokinase is a serine protease that exhibits high fibrin decomposition activity, and can promote the reduction of the viscosity of blood clots (e.g., menstrual blood) and inhibit blood coagulation.
  • Nattokinase is an enzyme (serine protease) known to have the ability to degrade fibrin. Nattokinase is generally contained in natto and can be produced by Bacillus subtilis var. natto. Nattokinase can degrade fibrin mainly into DD (175 kDa) and LD (110 kDa). Without intending to be limited by theory, nattokinase has a three-dimensional structure suitable for degrading fibrin and is thought to degrade fibrin by a mechanism similar to that of plasmin. It has been reported that the specificity constant of nattokinase for fibrin is approximately six times that of plasmin. This indicates that nattokinase has a higher fibrinolytic activity than plasmin.
  • nattokinase exhibits particularly high activity at temperatures of 30-40°C and pH levels of 6-9. Absorbent articles, particularly sanitary napkins, reach a temperature of around 35°C due to body temperature when worn, and the pH of menstrual blood is around 7. Therefore, it is believed that nattokinase functions particularly well under the conditions in which absorbent articles are used to absorb menstrual blood.
  • Nattokinase is highly safe for the human body. Therefore, when nattokinase is applied as a functional substance to absorbent articles, the safety is particularly excellent.
  • Nattokinase is commercially available in the form of a powder, for example.
  • Nattokinase manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
  • Nattokinase with a granular size of 15 to 35 ⁇ m is commercially available.
  • nattokinase exhibits high fibrin decomposition ability, can promote low viscosity blood clots (e.g., menstrual blood), and can inhibit blood coagulation, as well as low the viscosity of viscous components (e.g., mucin) such as cervical mucus in menstrual blood.
  • blood clots e.g., menstrual blood
  • mucin viscous components
  • the serine proteases include plasmin, DFE27, subtilisin DFE, and subtilisin QK-2.
  • Plasmin is normally present in blood (e.g., menstrual blood). Plasmin can degrade fibrin. When plasmin degrades fibrin, a degradation product called D-dimer and other degradation products are generated. DFE27 is commonly contained in Douchi and can be produced by B. subtilis DC27.
  • Subtilisin DFE is generally contained in Douchi and can be produced by B. amyloliquefaciens DC-4.
  • Subtilisin QK-2 is commonly contained in fermented soybeans and can be produced by B. subtilis QK02.
  • the functional ingredient contains nattokinase as the serine protease in an amount of preferably more than 50% by mass, more preferably 60% by mass or more, even more preferably 70% by mass or more, even more preferably 80% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90% by mass or more. This makes it possible to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and break down blood clots while ensuring safety to the wearer's skin.
  • the upper limit of nattokinase in the functional ingredient is 100% by mass.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet contains the functional component in a basis weight of preferably 0.1 g/ m2 or more, more preferably 0.5 g/ m2 or more, and even more preferably 2.0 g/ m2 or more.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet contains the functional component in a basis weight of preferably 80.0 g/ m2 or less, more preferably 40.0 g/ m2 or less, and even more preferably 20.0 g/ m2 or less. This allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and decompose blood coagulates while maintaining the absorbency of the absorbent article.
  • the absorbent article contains the functional component in a basis weight of preferably 0.1 g/ m2 or more, more preferably 1.0 g/ m2 or more, and even more preferably 2.0 g/ m2 or more.
  • the absorbent article also contains the functional component in a basis weight of preferably 400.0 g/ m2 or less, more preferably 200.0 g/ m2 or less, and even more preferably 100.0 g/ m2 or less. This allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and decompose blood clots while maintaining the absorbency of the absorbent article.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may comprise a functional component containing serine protease at any location.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may comprise a functional component containing serine protease, for example, on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, or inside the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet preferably comprises a functional component containing serine protease on the skin side and inside of the liquid-permeable sheet, and more preferably on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet according to the present disclosure is configured to retain menstrual blood.
  • the serine protease reduces the viscosity of the viscous components and draws them into the absorbent, while dissolving, dispersing, etc. the serine protease in the reduced-viscosity viscous components, thereby diffusing the serine protease.
  • the diffused serine protease comes into contact with blood clots, increasing the opportunities for reducing the viscosity of the blood clots, and the serine protease can accurately decompose the blood clots.
  • Embodiments in which the liquid-permeable sheet is configured to retain menstrual blood are not particularly limited and include, for example, (i) embodiments in which the fibers are absorbent fibers; (ii) embodiments in which the average void size on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is smaller than the average void size on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet; (iii) embodiments in which the average fiber diameter of the fibers on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is smaller than the average fiber diameter of the fibers on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet; (iv) embodiments in which the hydrophilicity of the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is higher than the hydrophilicity of the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet; and (v) embodiments in which the surface fiber density on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is higher than the surface fiber density on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may contain water-absorbent fibers, which allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and facilitate the decomposition of blood clots.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet contains the water-absorbent fiber in an amount of preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and even more preferably 30% by mass or more.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet contains the water-absorbent fiber in an amount of preferably 100% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, and even more preferably 70% by mass or less.
  • liquid-permeable sheet contains 100% by mass of the water-absorbent fiber, it does not contain the above-mentioned heat-fusible fiber.
  • the water-absorbent fibers include cellulosic fibers, such as natural cellulose fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers, refined cellulose fibers, and semi-synthetic cellulose fibers.
  • natural cellulose fibers include plant fibers such as pulp fibers, seed hair fibers (eg, cotton fibers), bast fibers (eg, hemp), leaf vein fibers (eg, Manila hemp), and fruit fibers (eg, palm).
  • the above pulp fibers include those known in the art as pulp fibers, such as wood pulp fibers and non-wood pulp fibers.
  • the above wood pulp fibers include, for example, softwood pulp fibers and hardwood pulp fibers.
  • the above non-wood pulp fibers include, for example, straw pulp fibers, bagasse pulp fibers, reed pulp fibers, kenaf pulp fibers, mulberry pulp fibers, bamboo pulp fibers, hemp pulp fibers, cotton pulp fibers (for example, cotton linters), etc.
  • the cotton fibers include Hirsutum cotton fibers (eg, Upland cotton), Barbadense cotton fibers, Arboreum cotton fibers, and Helbaceum cotton fibers.
  • the cotton fibers can also be organic cotton fibers, pre-organic cotton (trademark) fibers.
  • Organic cotton fiber means cotton that is certified by GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard).
  • regenerated cellulose fibers examples include rayon, such as viscose rayon obtained from viscose, polynosic and modal, and cuprammonium rayon (also called “cupra”) obtained from a solution of cuprammonium salt of cellulose.
  • rayon such as viscose rayon obtained from viscose, polynosic and modal
  • cuprammonium rayon also called "cupra” obtained from a solution of cuprammonium salt of cellulose.
  • the purified cellulose fiber may be lyocell, specifically, pulp, which is dissolved in an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholine N-oxide to form a spinning dope (dope) and extruded into a dilute solution of N-methylmorpholine N-oxide to form fibers.
  • the purified cellulose is commercially available, for example, under the trade name Tencel (trademark).
  • the semi-synthetic fibers include semi-synthetic cellulose fibers, such as acetate fibers, for example, triacetate and diacetate fibers.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may include the water-absorbent fiber in any location.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may include the water-absorbent fiber on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, or inside the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet preferably includes the water-absorbent fiber on the skin side and inside of the liquid-permeable sheet, and more preferably on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet may have a higher ratio of absorbent fibers on its skin side than on its non-skin side, which allows serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and facilitate the decomposition of blood clots.
  • the difference between the ratio of absorbent fibers on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet and the ratio of absorbent fibers on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet can be confirmed visually or by a microscope, etc., by coloring the absorbent fibers, if necessary.
  • the average pore size on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is smaller than the average pore size on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet. This allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and make it easier to break down blood clots.
  • the average void size on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is preferably at least 10 ⁇ m, more preferably at least 20 ⁇ m, and even more preferably at least 30 ⁇ m smaller than the average void size on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the upper limit of the difference in average void size is about 1000 ⁇ m due to the structure of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the average pore size on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 60 ⁇ m or more.
  • the average pore size on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 270 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 250 ⁇ m or less. This allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and break down blood clots, making it easier to transfer the reduced-viscosity viscous components and blood clots to the absorbent.
  • the average void size on the skin side and non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is measured as follows. (1) Prepare a high-resolution 3D X-ray microscope nano3DX (manufactured by Rigaku). (2) A sample of a liquid-permeable sheet is prepared, and a three-dimensional fiber image of the sample is measured using nano3DX. The measurement conditions are as follows. X-ray source: Cu Tube voltage-tube current: 40 kV-30 mA Detector: sCMOS camera (lens: 1080) Resolution: 2.51 ⁇ m/voxel
  • the average void size ( ⁇ m) on each of the skin side and non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet sample is calculated.
  • the method is as follows. (3-1) From the sample, a three-dimensional fiber image is created in an area of 2,571 ⁇ m ⁇ 2,571 ⁇ m ⁇ T (transport direction during production ⁇ direction perpendicular to the transport direction ⁇ thickness of the liquid-permeable sheet sample).
  • the fiber 3D image is divided into three equal parts in the thickness direction. Specifically, it is divided into a skin side region that is 2,571 ⁇ m x 2,571 ⁇ m x (T/3) (transport direction during manufacture x orthogonal direction perpendicular to the transport direction x 1/3 of thickness T from the skin side) from the skin side, and a non-skin side region that is 2,571 ⁇ m x 2,571 ⁇ m x (T/3) (transport direction during manufacture x orthogonal direction perpendicular to the transport direction x 1/3 of thickness T from the non-skin side) from the non-skin side.
  • T/3 transport direction during manufacture x orthogonal direction perpendicular to the transport direction x 1/3 of thickness T from the skin side
  • T/3 transport direction during manufacture x orthogonal direction perpendicular to the transport direction x 1/3 of thickness T from the non-skin side
  • the average pore size in the skin side area measured using the software provided with the nano3DX is taken as the average pore size on the skin side
  • the average pore size in the non-skin side area is taken as the average pore size on the non-skin side.
  • the average void size of the skin side and non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet can be determined by observing the liquid-permeable sheet using a microscope, or by visually observing a three-dimensional fiber image of a sample using nano3DX.
  • the average fiber diameter of the fibers on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is smaller than the average fiber diameter of the fibers on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, which allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and to easily decompose blood clots.
  • the average fiber diameter of the fibers on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is preferably at least 5.0 ⁇ m, more preferably at least 7.0 ⁇ m, and even more preferably at least 10.0 ⁇ m smaller than the average fiber diameter of the fibers on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the upper limit of the average fiber diameter difference is about 50.0 ⁇ m in terms of the structure of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the above-mentioned liquid-permeable sheet has an average fiber diameter on the skin side of preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 8.0 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 10.0 ⁇ m or more. Also, the above-mentioned liquid-permeable sheet has an average fiber diameter on the skin side of preferably 50.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40.0 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 30.0 ⁇ m or less. This allows the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet to retain high-viscosity menstrual blood and reduce its viscosity, and also makes it easier for the reduced-viscosity menstrual blood to transfer to the absorbent.
  • the average fiber diameter is measured as follows. (1) Prepare a scanning electron microscope (VE-7800, manufactured by KEYENCE). (2) Ten samples each having a length x width of 5 mm x 5 mm are cut out from any location on the liquid-permeable sheet. (3) Using a scanning electron microscope, take a total of 10 photographs (one per sample) of the skin side of the sample at a magnification of 500x.
  • VE-7800 scanning electron microscope
  • the fiber diameter of a predetermined number of fibers (for example, 10 fibers) is measured.
  • the average fiber diameter on the skin side is determined by dividing the sum of the fiber diameters of a specified number of fibers in a total of 10 photographs by the sum of the specified number of fibers in a total of 10 photographs.
  • the average fiber diameter on the non-skin side is determined.
  • the hydrophilicity of the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is higher than the hydrophilicity of the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet. This allows the serine protease to reduce the viscosity of viscous components in menstrual blood and to easily break down blood clots.
  • the degree of hydrophilicity is measured as follows. (1) A sample of 10 cm x 10 cm is cut out from the liquid-permeable sheet. (2) Place the above sample, skin side up, on 10 pieces of filter paper cut to a size of 12 cm x 12 cm, and set the burette so that the drip nozzle is positioned 1 cm above the skin side of the sample. (3) One droplet (approximately 0.05 mL) of physiological saline is dropped onto the sample from the burette, and the time it takes for the droplet to disappear is measured.
  • the absorbent article according to the present disclosure has a simulated fibrin residual rate of preferably 40% by mass or less, more preferably 35% by mass or less, and even more preferably 30% by mass or less after 20 minutes in a fibrin residual test. This makes it less likely that the wearer will experience discomfort due to blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the fibrin residual test is performed as follows. (1) Prepare a liquid-permeable sheet having a functional component and a liquid-permeable sheet not having a functional component.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet having a functional component is prepared by peeling the liquid-permeable sheet from the absorbent article using a dryer, cold spray, or the like, as necessary.
  • the liquid-permeable sheet not having a functional component is prepared by removing the functional component from the liquid-permeable sheet having the functional component by washing or the like, and drying the liquid-permeable sheet from which the functional component has been removed.
  • a liquid-permeable sheet containing a functional component maintained at 35° C. is laminated with the skin side facing up on top of 50 sheets of filter paper (ADVANTEC No. 2, 100 mm x 100 mm) maintained at 35° C.
  • 1.1 g of simulated fibrin menstrual blood is placed in the center of the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet and maintained at 35° C. for a predetermined time: t (min).
  • t (min) After the predetermined time t (minutes) has elapsed, the simulated fibrin menstrual blood remaining on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet comprising the functional ingredient is scraped off, and its mass m 11 (g) is measured.
  • a liquid-permeable sheet not containing a functional component which was kept at 35° C., was laminated with the skin side facing up on top of 50 sheets of filter paper (ADVANTEC No. 2, 100 mm x 100 mm) kept at 35° C.
  • 1.1 g of simulated fibrin menstrual blood was placed in the center of the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, and kept at 35° C. for a predetermined time: t (min).
  • t (min) After the predetermined time t (minutes) has elapsed, the simulated fibrin menstrual blood remaining on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet not comprising a functional component is scraped off, and its mass m 12 (g) is measured.
  • the simulated fibrin remaining rate: r 1 (mass %) is measured five times using different liquid-permeable sheets, and the average value is defined as the simulated fibrin remaining rate: R 1 (mass %).
  • R 1 (mass %) is measured five times using different liquid-permeable sheets, and the average value is defined as the simulated fibrin remaining rate: R 1 (mass %).
  • t 1 (min) When measuring the simulated fibrin residual rate R 1 (mass %) at different predetermined times: t 1 (min), t 2 (min), etc., a new liquid-permeable sheet is used for the measurement.
  • the absorbent article according to the present disclosure has a simulated mucin remaining rate of preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and even more preferably 5% by mass or less after 20 minutes in a mucin remaining test. This makes it less likely that the wearer will experience discomfort due to viscous components contained in menstrual blood.
  • the mucin survival test is performed as follows. (1) In the same manner as in the above-mentioned fibrin remaining test, a liquid-permeable sheet having a functional component and a liquid-permeable sheet not having a functional component are prepared. (2) Preparation of simulated mucin menstrual blood: Egg white was collected from a raw egg and placed on a wire mesh (wire diameter: 0.47 mm, mesh: 10, pitch: 2.07 mm). The wire mesh was rotated five times to remove low-viscosity egg white. The viscoelasticity of the egg white remaining on the wire netting is measured under the following measurement conditions, and after confirming that the viscoelasticity is within the following range, the simulated mucin menstrual blood is prepared and kept at 35° C. Note that the portion of the egg white where the viscoelasticity was measured is not used as the simulated mucin menstrual blood.
  • a liquid-permeable sheet containing a functional component maintained at 35° C. is layered with the skin side up on top of 50 sheets of filter paper (ADVANTEC No. 2, 100 mm x 100 mm) maintained at 35° C.
  • a dropper with a tip diameter of 4 mm is filled with 1.0 g of simulated mucin menstrual blood, and 1.0 g of simulated mucin menstrual blood is dropped onto the center of the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, which is maintained at 35° C. for a predetermined time: t (min).
  • a dropper with a tip diameter of 4 mm is filled with 1.0 g of simulated mucin menstrual blood, and 1.0 g of simulated mucin menstrual blood is dropped onto the center of the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet, which is kept at 35° C. for a predetermined time: t (min).
  • the simulated mucin remaining rate: r 2 (mass %) is measured five times using different liquid-permeable sheets, and the average value is regarded as the simulated mucin remaining rate: R 2 (mass %).
  • R 2 (mass %) When measuring the simulated mucin residual rate R 2 (mass %) at different predetermined times: t 1 (min), t 2 (min), etc., a new liquid-permeable sheet is used for the measurement.
  • the simulated mucin remaining rate after 20 minutes is lower than the simulated fibrin remaining rate after 20 minutes. This makes it less likely that the wearer will experience discomfort due to the viscous components of menstrual blood, and less likely to experience visual discomfort due to blood clots when changing the absorbent article.
  • the surface fiber density on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is higher than the surface fiber density on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet. This makes it easier for menstrual blood that reaches the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet to remain on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the serine protease contained in the liquid-permeable sheet acts on menstrual blood temporarily stored in the liquid-permeable sheet, reducing the viscosity of the viscous components, and can diffuse the serine protease together with the reduced-viscosity viscous components.
  • the diffused serine protease comes into contact with blood clots, and the serine protease can accurately decompose the blood clots.
  • the wearer is less likely to experience discomfort due to viscous components and blood clots contained in menstrual blood.
  • the surface fiber density on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is preferably at least 1.1 times, more preferably at least 1.2 times, even more preferably at least 1.5 times, and even more preferably at least 2.0 times, greater than the surface fiber density on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet. Due to the structure of the liquid-permeable sheet, the surface fiber density on the skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet is at most 3.0 times higher than the surface fiber density on the non-skin side of the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • surface fiber density is measured as follows. (1) A scanning electron microscope, Flex SEM 1000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, is prepared. (2) The subject (liquid-permeable sheet) is cooled with liquid nitrogen and cut with a cutter to a size of approximately 20 mm x 10 mm (transport direction during manufacture x perpendicular direction to the transport direction) to prepare a sample. (3) A cross section of the sample extending in the transport direction is gold-deposited using a vacuum deposition device, Twin Coater JEC-550, manufactured by JEOL Ltd., to form a deposition surface.
  • the sample is set in an electron microscope so that the vapor-deposited surface of the sample can be observed, and the vicinity of the skin side of the vapor-deposited surface is observed at a magnification of 200 times.
  • the number of fiber cross sections (number of fibers) observed within an area of 635 ⁇ m x 445 ⁇ m (transport direction x sample thickness direction) is counted and converted to the number per mm2 .
  • the measurement is repeated five times on different samples, and the average value is taken as the surface fiber density (fibers/mm 2 ) on the skin side.
  • the vicinity of the non-skin side of the vapor deposition surface is observed at a magnification of 200 times, and the number of fiber cross sections (number of fibers) observed within an area of 635 ⁇ m x 445 ⁇ m (transport direction x sample thickness direction) is counted and converted to the number per mm2 .
  • the measurement is repeated five times on different samples, and the average value is taken as the surface fiber density (fibers/mm 2 ) on the non-skin side.
  • the functional component can be disposed on the liquid-permeable sheet as a functional composition containing the functional component including the serine protease and other components.
  • the other components include functional substances that have the function of inhibiting factors that act on blood coagulation.
  • the factors that act on the coagulation of blood include, for example, fibrin (particularly fibrin monomer, fibrin polymer, and/or stabilized fibrin), blood coagulation factors, platelets, and platelet aggregation promoters.
  • Blood coagulation factors include, in particular, thrombin, activated factor II, activated factor VII, activated factor IX, activated factor X, and activated factor XIII.
  • Platelet aggregation promoters include, in particular, TXA2 and cAMP.
  • Functional substances that have the function of inhibiting factors that act on blood clotting include enzymes with fibrin decomposition ability, substances (particularly compounds) with antiplatelet activity, factors that promote the activation of plasmin, and coagulation inhibitors.
  • the above-mentioned enzymes with fibrinolytic properties and factors that promote the activation of plasmin mainly have the effect of promoting the reduction of the viscosity of blood clots.
  • substances with antiplatelet properties and coagulation inhibitors mainly have the function of suppressing blood coagulation.
  • the fibrin decomposing enzyme may be a protease, in particular a cysteine protease, capable in particular of cleaving fibrin polymers and/or stabilized fibrin.
  • examples of the enzyme having the fibrin decomposition activity include subtilisin QK-2, bromelain, and serrapeptase.
  • Subtilisin QK-2 is an enzyme (serine protease) capable of decomposing fibrin.
  • Subtilisin QK-2 is generally contained in fermented soybeans and can be produced by B. subtilis QK02.
  • Bromelain Bromelain is an enzyme (cysteine protease) that has the ability to degrade fibrin. Bromelain is found in pineapple fruits and the like.
  • Serrapeptase Serrapeptase is an enzyme that has the ability to degrade fibrin. It is generally contained in silkworms and can be produced by the non-pathogenic bacterium Serratia E15.
  • blood coagulation factors including a series of molecules act in blood to generate fibrin monomers from fibrinogen, polymerize the fibrin monomers, and crosslink (stabilize) the fibrin, resulting in blood clotting.
  • Fibrin polymers and stabilized fibrin form a mesh-like structure, which aggregates red blood cells, platelets, etc., causing blood to clot.
  • Enzymes with fibrin-decomposing ability can inhibit blood clotting by decomposing fibrin polymers and stabilized fibrin, in particular, and can also promote the reduction of the viscosity of blood clots by decomposing fibrin polymers and stabilized fibrin that have formed mesh-like structures.
  • the functional composition may further include an auxiliary component capable of improving the fibrin decomposition (fibrinolytic ability) of an enzyme having fibrin decomposition ability, for example, nattokinase.
  • the auxiliary ingredients include fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, ground vegetables, EPA, DHA, spices, zinc ions (Zn 2+ ), manganese ions (Mn 2+ ), calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), and potassium ions (K + ).
  • Fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms can particularly improve the fibrinolytic ability of nattokinase. It is preferable to use fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms at a ratio of 4 to 12 mg/2000 FU relative to nattokinase.
  • Ground vegetables can improve the fibrinolytic ability of nattokinase.
  • Ground vegetables include, for example, onion powder.
  • Spices in particular, can improve the fibrinolytic ability of nattokinase, including chili peppers (especially in powder form).
  • Zinc ions can particularly improve the fibrinolytic ability of nattokinase, while manganese ions (Mn 2+ ), calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), and potassium ions (K + ) can particularly improve the fibrinolytic ability of douchi-derived protease.
  • the functional composition may also contain a factor that promotes plasmin activation.
  • Plasmin is usually present in menstrual blood and is capable of decomposing fibrin, so by using a factor that promotes plasmin activation, it is possible to promote the reduction of the viscosity of highly viscous menstrual blood.
  • Factors that promote plasmin activation include factors that have the effect of inhibiting the activity of the lysis inhibitor PAI-1.
  • An example of a factor that has the effect of inhibiting the activity of the lysis inhibitor PAI-1 is the above-mentioned nattokinase. Bromelain and DFE27 also have the effect of promoting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.
  • plasmin is produced from plasminogen.
  • t-PA is inactivated by binding to the solubility-inhibiting factor PAI-1. Without intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that the inactivation of t-PA is suppressed by inhibiting the activity of the solubility-inhibiting factor PAI-1, and thus the production of plasmin from plasminogen by t-PA is promoted. Plasmin is inactivated in the body by binding to a plasmin inhibitor (antiplasmin).
  • Examples of compounds with the above-mentioned antiplatelet effect include bromelain, acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin (trademark), Bufferin (registered trademark), etc.), the PGI2 derivative beraprost, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and NO-related preparations (e.g., nitroglycerin, etc.).
  • Other examples of compounds with antiplatelet effect include clopidogrel sulfate, prasugrel hydrochloride, ticlopidine hydrochloride, ticagrelor, cilostazol, and sarpogrelate hydrochloride.
  • platelet aggregation occurs when platelets are activated in the blood due to factors such as damage to the blood endothelium or contact with collagen. Platelet aggregation is a reversible reaction. It is believed that blood coagulation can be inhibited by using compounds with antiplatelet activity.
  • acetylsalicylic acid has the effect of irreversibly inactivating cyclooxygenase (COX), which acts to produce TXA2 , a substance that promotes platelet aggregation, thereby exerting an antiplatelet effect.
  • COX cyclooxygenase
  • the PGI2 derivative beraprost inhibits platelet aggregation by increasing the synthesis of PGI2 , a substance that inhibits platelet aggregation.
  • EPA and/or DHA produce TXA3 from platelets, which has no platelet aggregation activity, and as a result, platelet aggregation is inhibited.
  • Fibrin degradation products produced by fibrin-decomposing enzymes also have the effect of inhibiting platelet aggregation.
  • Fibrin degradation products produced by nattokinase include DD (175 kDa) and LD (110 kDa).
  • the functional substance (A) may also contain a coagulation inhibitor that has a fibrin production inhibitory effect.
  • a coagulation inhibitor that has a fibrin production inhibitory effect.
  • the coagulation inhibitor include bromelain, EDTA, heparin, sodium citrate, warfarin, and sodium fluoride.
  • blood clotting progresses in blood due to blood clotting factors.
  • thrombin produces fibrin monomers from fibrinogen.
  • activated factor XIII stabilizes the structure composed of fibrin by bridging between molecules of fibrin polymers, thereby producing stabilized fibrin.
  • Coagulation inhibitors can inhibit blood clotting by blocking the action of blood clotting factors.
  • bromelain is believed to inhibit the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by causing a significant prolongation of the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT).
  • PT prothrombin time
  • APTT activated partial thromboplastin time
  • EDTA inhibits the activation of thrombin, which is necessary for fibrin production, by chelating the calcium ions necessary for thrombin activity.
  • Sodium citrate is also believed to work by a similar mechanism.
  • warfarin inhibits vitamin K, which is necessary for the functioning of blood clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, which activate thrombin, thereby suppressing the activation of thrombin, which is necessary for the production of fibrin.
  • heparin suppresses the activation of thrombin, which is necessary for the production of fibrin, by enhancing the action of antithrombin, which inhibits thrombin.
  • Nattokinase and serrapeptase also have fibrin production inhibitory effects. Without intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that nattokinase present in blood exerts its fibrin inhibitory effect by reducing activated factor XIII, which crosslinks fibrin, and/or by inhibiting thrombin activity, which is necessary for fibrin production.
  • a coating treatment can be applied to the functional component applied to the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the function of the functional component can be better maintained.
  • such a coating treatment can adjust the behavior, properties, shape, etc. of the functional component, and as a result, in addition to maintaining the above-mentioned functions, effects such as sustained release, moisture absorption inhibition, prevention of deterioration, and prevention of stickiness can be obtained.
  • coatings include oil coatings and ceramic coatings.
  • the activity of the functional component can be further improved by fixing the functional component to the liquid-permeable sheet using a substance that promotes the fixation of the functional component.
  • a substance that promotes fixation include amphiphilic molecules.
  • the functional component or functional composition can be arranged on the liquid-permeable sheet in any form, including, but not limited to, a particulate form, a film form, an impregnated form, a striped form, etc.
  • the functional composition can be arranged, for example, in a particulate form on the fiber, arranged so as to cover the fiber, arranged so as to be impregnated into the fiber, arranged in a film form on the liquid-permeable sheet, or arranged in a striped form on the liquid-permeable sheet.
  • the functional ingredient or functional composition is not bound to another ingredient, such as a polymer, so that the functional ingredient can effectively perform its function.
  • the fact that the functional component or functional composition is not bound to other components means that the functional component or functional composition is not chemically bound to other components by covalent or ionic bonds.
  • the fact that the functional component or functional composition is not bound to other components does not include the fact that the functional component or functional composition is hydrogen bonded to other components.
  • Web No. 1 (basis weight: 15 g/ m2 ) made of core-sheath composite fibers (core: polyester, sheath: polyethylene, average fiber diameter: 25 ⁇ m) was laminated with Web No. 2 (basis weight: 15 g/ m2 ) made of the same core-sheath composite fibers as Web No. 1 to form Laminated Web No. 1.
  • Web No. 1 was thinner than Web No. 2 and had a higher fiber density than Web No. 2.
  • Air-through nonwoven fabric No. 0 (basis weight: 30 g/m 2 ) was formed from laminated web No. 1 according to a manufacturing method for air-through nonwoven fabrics known in the art.
  • the average void size on the first and second sides of the air-through nonwoven fabric No. 0 was measured by the method described herein, the average void size on the first side of the air-through nonwoven fabric No. 0 was smaller than the average void size on the second side.
  • Air-through nonwoven fabric No. 0 was cut to a size of 8 cm x 5 cm, and Functional Ingredient Solution No. 1 was uniformly sprayed onto a 5 cm x 3 cm (longitudinal x transverse) area of the first surface, centered on the longitudinal center and transverse center of the air-through nonwoven fabric (hereinafter referred to as the "nonwoven fabric center"), so that the basis weight of nattokinase was 10 g/ m2 .
  • the air-through nonwoven fabric No. 0 sprayed with the functional ingredient solution No. 1 was left to stand at 30° C. for 120 minutes to dry, forming the air-through nonwoven fabric No. 1.
  • Example 1 According to the method described herein, the simulated fibrin residual rate: R 1 (mass%) and the simulated mucin residual rate: R 2 (mass%) in the air-through nonwoven fabric No. 1 were monitored over time: hours (minutes) using the air-through nonwoven fabric No. 1 and No. 2. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
  • Table 1 and Figure 1 show that serine proteases, particularly nattokinase, decompose not only simulated fibrin menstrual blood but also simulated mucin menstrual blood on air-through nonwoven fabrics with adjusted average pore size.
  • Example 2 The top sheet of a sanitary napkin (Bodyfit Regular, manufactured by Unicharm Corporation) was peeled off, and an air-through nonwoven fabric No. 1 of the same size as the peeled off top sheet (functional ingredient solution No. 1 was uniformly sprayed on an area of 5 cm x 3 cm (longitudinal direction x width direction) on the first surface and then dried) was attached as the top sheet of the sanitary napkin with the first surface facing the skin (skin contact surface) to form sanitary napkin No. 1.
  • sanitary napkin No. 1 When several menstruating volunteer subjects were asked to wear Sanitary Napkin No. 1 and a commercially available sanitary napkin (Bodyfit Regular, manufactured by Unicharm Corporation), the subjects responded that Sanitary Napkin No. 1 was less likely to leave viscous components such as cervical mucus and blood clots than the commercially available sanitary napkin.

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  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

Le but de la présente divulgation est de permettre d'obtenir un article absorbant qui est moins susceptible de provoquer une gêne pour un utilisateur en raison à la fois d'un composant visqueux et du sang coagulé dans le sang menstruel. L'article absorbant selon la présente divulgation possède la structure suivante.　La divulgation concerne un article absorbant qui comprend un noyau absorbant et absorbe le sang menstruel. L'article absorbant est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une feuille perméable aux liquides constituée d'un tissu tissé contenant des fibres et également disposée vers le côté peau que le noyau absorbant, la feuille perméable aux liquides contenant un composant fonctionnel présentant de la sérine protéase, et la feuille perméable aux liquides étant conçue pour retenir le sang menstruel.
PCT/JP2023/041191 2022-11-30 2023-11-16 Article absorbant WO2024116860A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0458951A (ja) * 1990-06-26 1992-02-25 Uni Charm Corp 吸収性物品の表面シート
JP2006518711A (ja) * 2003-02-20 2006-08-17 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 痔の治療パッド

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0458951A (ja) * 1990-06-26 1992-02-25 Uni Charm Corp 吸収性物品の表面シート
JP2006518711A (ja) * 2003-02-20 2006-08-17 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 痔の治療パッド

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