WO2024116375A1 - 二酸化炭素含有ガスの供給システム、供給装置、施用方法及び二酸化炭素の製造方法 - Google Patents

二酸化炭素含有ガスの供給システム、供給装置、施用方法及び二酸化炭素の製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024116375A1
WO2024116375A1 PCT/JP2022/044416 JP2022044416W WO2024116375A1 WO 2024116375 A1 WO2024116375 A1 WO 2024116375A1 JP 2022044416 W JP2022044416 W JP 2022044416W WO 2024116375 A1 WO2024116375 A1 WO 2024116375A1
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Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
air
adsorbent
recovery
containing gas
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PCT/JP2022/044416
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
真一 宮下
正夫 増田
一真 藤森
理亮 川上
孝政 大山
ロスラン ウワイス
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Takasago Thermal Engineering Co Ltd
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Takasago Thermal Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2022/044416 priority Critical patent/WO2024116375A1/ja
Priority to JP2024561100A priority patent/JPWO2024116375A1/ja
Publication of WO2024116375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024116375A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system, supply device, application method, and carbon dioxide production method.
  • carbon dioxide-containing gas produced by burning fuels such as kerosene or propane gas is supplied into the greenhouse to promote crop photosynthesis in order to promote crop growth and increase yields.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a supply device that supplies carbon dioxide-containing gas to a crop production facility.
  • the supply device described in Patent Document 1 is equipped with a combustion furnace that burns fuel, removes sulfur oxides, soot, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and ethylene contained in the combustion exhaust gas, and supplies the purified combustion exhaust gas to the crop production facility.
  • Patent Document 2 also discloses a carbon dioxide supplying device for a horticultural facility that uses carbon dioxide in combustion exhaust gas.
  • the carbon dioxide supplying device described in Patent Document 2 is equipped with a carbon dioxide capture and storage means that uses a carbon dioxide adsorbent (e.g., zeolite or activated carbon) that can adsorb and desorb carbon dioxide depending on the concentration difference, captures and concentrates carbon dioxide from the combustion gas, stores the concentrated carbon dioxide, and releases the stored carbon dioxide into the greenhouse when the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse decreases.
  • a carbon dioxide adsorbent e.g., zeolite or activated carbon
  • ion exchange resins that extract and separate carbon dioxide from gases and recover it, as disclosed in Patent Document 3, are known as means for recovering carbon dioxide to supply to the greenhouse.
  • these ion exchange resins can recover large amounts of carbon dioxide through a chemical means called ion exchange adsorption, and therefore can improve the efficiency of carbon dioxide recovery.
  • this ion exchange resin is less resistant to heat than the above-mentioned adsorbents, and is generally used to capture carbon dioxide from ambient air. That is, when trying to use ion exchange resin to capture carbon dioxide in high-temperature combustion exhaust gas as shown in, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a means for cooling the combustion exhaust gas, such as a cooling tower, is required upstream of the ion exchange resin, which results in an increase in the size of the carbon dioxide capture system and in increased costs.
  • This disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system that can appropriately recover carbon dioxide from high-temperature exhaust gas.
  • the technology disclosed herein is a supply system for carbon dioxide-containing gas to a carbon dioxide demand section, characterized in that it includes a heat storage tank that contains an adsorbent that generates heat by adsorbing an adsorbate and sends out the taken-in air to be treated as dry air that is hotter than the air to be treated, and a carbon dioxide recovery tank that contains a carbon dioxide adsorbent capable of adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide, desorbs the carbon dioxide using the taken-in dry air, and sends out the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the demand section.
  • a heat storage tank that contains an adsorbent that generates heat by adsorbing an adsorbate and sends out the taken-in air to be treated as dry air that is hotter than the air to be treated
  • a carbon dioxide recovery tank that contains a carbon dioxide adsorbent capable of adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide, desorbs the carbon dioxide using the taken-in dry air, and sends out the
  • the air to be treated that is to be supplied to a recovery tank containing a carbon dioxide adsorbent is preheated by a heat storage tank containing an adsorbent arranged in the upstream stage.
  • This improves the efficiency of desorption of carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and allows for an appropriate supply of carbon dioxide-containing gas to the carbon dioxide demand section.
  • the efficiency of desorption of carbon dioxide can be improved in this way, the amount of carbon dioxide adsorbent that needs to be filled in the recovery tank can be reduced, which in turn reduces the costs associated with the configuration of the system.
  • a heat storage tank that uses physical adsorption to generate dry air from the air to be treated is combined with a recovery tank that uses chemical reactions and physical adsorption to desorb carbon dioxide.
  • the demand unit may be a greenhouse in a greenhouse.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas discharged from the recovery tank into the greenhouse has a lower humidity than the return air flowing through the return air path.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system may further include a carbon dioxide generation unit that generates carbon dioxide to be recovered in the recovery tank by adsorbing it to the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
  • a carbon dioxide generation unit that generates carbon dioxide to be recovered in the recovery tank by adsorbing it to the carbon dioxide adsorbent.
  • the heat storage tank takes in the combustion gas from the carbon dioxide generation unit, desorbs the adsorbate from the adsorbent by the taken in combustion gas, and delivers the recovered air that is lower in temperature and higher in humidity than the combustion gas, and in the recovery tank, the carbon dioxide contained in the recovered air is adsorbed by the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and the recovered air from which the carbon dioxide has been removed is discharged to the outside of the demand unit.
  • the combustion gas from the carbon dioxide generating unit can be used to capture carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide adsorbent in the capture tank.
  • the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere can be reduced, thereby reducing the environmental load.
  • the energy storage device may further include a transport unit configured to transport at least one of the heat storage tank and the recovery tank between the generation unit and the demand unit. According to the above configuration, even if the carbon dioxide production unit and the carbon dioxide demand unit are located at distant locations, carbon dioxide can be appropriately applied to the demand unit.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system may further include a dehumidification unit that dehumidifies the recovery air that is sent out from the heat storage tank and before it is supplied to the recovery tank. According to the above configuration, by dehumidifying the recovery air supplied to the recovery tank, it is possible to improve the efficiency of recovery (adsorption) of carbon dioxide in the recovery tank.
  • the carbon dioxide adsorbent can be an ion exchange resin, in which case the ion exchange resin has an amine functional group.
  • carbon dioxide in the air to be treated can be appropriately adsorbed and recovered.
  • the carbon dioxide adsorbent may be selected from at least one of an ion exchange resin, a moisture-resistant zeolite, an activated carbon, a porous coordination polymer (PCP), and a metal-organic framework (MOF). Even in such a case, the carbon dioxide in the air to be treated can be appropriately adsorbed and recovered.
  • the adsorbent can be selected from at least one of zeolite and HASClay (registered trademark).
  • zeolite and HASClay registered trademark
  • a technology is a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply device, characterized in that it includes a heat storage tank configured to be capable of repeatedly performing heat storage and heat release operations by adsorption and desorption of an adsorbate to a stored adsorbent, and a recovery tank configured to be capable of repeatedly recovering and supplying the carbon dioxide by adsorption and desorption of the carbon dioxide to a stored carbon dioxide adsorbent.
  • a further aspect of the technology is a method for applying a carbon dioxide-containing gas to a carbon dioxide demand section, characterized by having a carbon dioxide recovery process including a combustion gas generation step of generating combustion gas by burning fuel, an adsorbate desorption step of desorbing an adsorbate from an adsorbent by the combustion gas to generate recovery air that is lower in temperature and higher in humidity than the combustion gas, and a carbon dioxide adsorption step of adsorbing the carbon dioxide contained in the recovery air onto the carbon dioxide adsorbent, an adsorbate adsorption step of adsorbing an adsorbate in the air to be treated supplied from the demand section onto the adsorbent to generate dry air that is higher in temperature than the air to be treated, and a carbon dioxide desorption step of desorbing the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorbent by the dry air and supplying it to the demand section as the carbon dioxide-containing gas.
  • a further technology from another aspect is a carbon dioxide production method, characterized in that it includes a carbon dioxide recovery process including an adsorbate desorption step of desorbing an adsorbate from an adsorbent using high-temperature, low-humidity air to generate recovery air that is lower in temperature and higher in humidity than the high-temperature, low-humidity air, and a carbon dioxide adsorption step of adsorbing the carbon dioxide contained in the recovery air onto the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and a carbon dioxide supply process including an adsorbate adsorption step of adsorbing an adsorbate from low-temperature, high-humidity air onto the adsorbent to generate dry air that is higher in temperature than the low-temperature, high-humidity air, and a carbon dioxide desorption step of desorbing the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorbent using the dry air to generate a carbon dioxide-containing gas that contains the carbon dioxide.
  • the technology disclosed herein can provide a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system that can appropriately recover carbon dioxide from high-temperature exhaust gas.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic overview of a supply system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing the carbon dioxide capture operation of the supply system.
  • FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing the carbon dioxide supply operation of the supply system.
  • 1 is a graph showing changes in adsorbent temperature over time.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a supply system according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a supply system according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a supply system according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a supply system according to a fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow diagram showing main steps of the operation of a supply system according to a fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow diagram showing main steps of the operation of a supply system according to a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for supplying carbon dioxide-containing gas 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as "supply system 1") according to an embodiment.
  • the supply system 1 includes a greenhouse 10, a carbon dioxide generation unit 20 (hereinafter simply referred to as “generation unit 20”), a heat storage tank 30, and a carbon dioxide recovery tank 40 (hereinafter simply referred to as “recovery tank 40").
  • the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 may be collectively referred to as the "carbon dioxide supply device.”
  • the greenhouse 10 to which carbon dioxide is supplied is a crop production facility such as a plant factory or a vinyl greenhouse, in which crops and the like are grown (greenhouse cultivation).
  • an exhaust duct 11 is connected to the greenhouse 10.
  • the exhaust duct 11 discharges the air in the greenhouse 10 to the outside as exhaust air EA, thereby reducing the humidity (relative humidity) in the greenhouse 10 that has increased due to, for example, evapotranspiration from crops, water evaporation from the soil surface, or artificial humidification.
  • the generation unit 20 generates carbon dioxide to be supplied to the greenhouse 10 .
  • the configuration of the generating unit 20 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a boiler that burns a supplied fuel (for example, a liquid fuel such as heavy oil or kerosene, or a gaseous fuel such as natural gas) to discharge a high-temperature carbon dioxide-containing gas that is a combustion gas, or a factory that discharges a high-temperature carbon dioxide-containing gas as an exhaust gas, etc.
  • a supplied fuel for example, a liquid fuel such as heavy oil or kerosene, or a gaseous fuel such as natural gas
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied from the generating unit 20 may be generated to be supplied to the greenhouse 10, or may be generated secondarily in the generating unit 20.
  • the generation unit 20 is connected to the inlet side (upstream side) of the heat storage tank 30 described below via a first duct 21 .
  • a return air duct 22 for taking in the return air RA from the greenhouse 10 into the heat storage tank 30 is connected to the first duct 21.
  • One end of the return air duct 22 is connected to the first duct 21, and the other end is connected to the above-mentioned exhaust duct 11 for discharging the exhaust air EA from the greenhouse 10.
  • At least a part of the exhaust air EA from the greenhouse 10 flows through the return air duct 22 as return air RA, and this return air RA can be taken into the heat storage tank 30 via the first duct 21.
  • the first duct 21 is configured to be able to take in either carbon dioxide-containing gas from the generation unit 20 or return air RA from the greenhouse 10 taken in via the return air duct 22 as air to be treated, into the heat storage tank 30 described below.
  • the first duct 21 and the return air duct 22 are provided with corresponding dampers D1, D2, respectively.
  • the opening and closing of these dampers D1, D2 can be controlled to switch the air to be treated (the carbon dioxide-containing gas from the generation unit 20, or the return air RA from the greenhouse 10) taken into the heat storage tank 30.
  • motor dampers that are easy to control can be used as these dampers D1, D2.
  • the return air duct 22 and the exhaust air duct 11 are provided with corresponding dampers D3 and D4, respectively.
  • the opening and closing of these dampers D3 and D4 is controlled to control the exhaust of air from the greenhouse 10 (exhaust air EA) or the circulation of air to the heat storage tank 30 (return air RA).
  • exhaust air EA exhaust air
  • return air RA return air RA
  • motor dampers that are easy to control, for example, may be used.
  • the first duct 21 may be provided with an air supply section 23 for taking in the air to be treated (the carbon dioxide-containing gas from the generation section 20 or the return air RA from the greenhouse 10) into the heat storage tank 30.
  • the heat storage tank 30 has a filling section 31 that is partitioned by a breathable partition plate and filled with adsorbent M, and spaces 32, 33 are provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the filling section 31.
  • the adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31 may be, for example, a granulated adsorbent.
  • This adsorbent M may be a known adsorbent that generates heat by adsorbing an adsorbate (for example, water, water vapor), and a granulated adsorbent having desired performance such as ventilation resistance and heat/mass transfer may be used as an adsorbent having a heat storage function.
  • a composite of amorphous aluminum silicate and low-crystalline clay such as HASClay (registered trademark) or a low-temperature regenerated adsorbent of a polymer adsorption material, or a conventional adsorbent (silica gel, zeolite, etc.) may be used as the adsorbent M.
  • the amount of adsorbent M filled in the heat storage tank 30 (filling section 31) is determined to be an amount that can adequately achieve adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide in the later-described recovery tank 40.
  • the amount of adsorbent M filled in the heat storage tank 30 (filling section 31) is desirably 1 ⁇ 3 or more of the amount of ion exchange resin 41 filled in the recovery tank 40, which will be described later.
  • a first duct 21 is connected to a space 32 on the inlet side of the heat storage tank 30 for taking in the air to be treated (the carbon dioxide-containing gas from the generation section 20 or the return air RA from the greenhouse 10).
  • a space 33 on the outlet side (downstream side) of the heat storage tank 30 is connected to a recovery tank 40 (described later) via a second duct 34 .
  • the heat storage tank 30 takes in the air to be treated from the space 32 on the upstream side, passes the filling section 31, and sends the taken-in air to be treated to the space 33, and sends it out through the second duct 34 toward the recovery tank 40. At this time, the air to be treated is brought into contact with the adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31 to cause an adsorption/desorption reaction of the adsorbate to the adsorbent M to proceed, thereby controlling the temperature and humidity of the taken-in air to be treated.
  • the operation of taking in highly humid air to be treated and causing the adsorbate in the air to be treated to be adsorbed by the adsorbent M will be referred to as the "heat dissipation operation" of the heat storage tank 30.
  • the operation of taking in high-temperature air to be treated and causing the adsorbate to be desorbed from the adsorbent M to the air to be treated will be referred to as the "heat storage operation" of the heat storage tank 30.
  • the detailed method of the heat dissipation operation and heat storage operation of the heat storage tank 30 will be described later.
  • the recovery tank 40 contains an ion exchange resin 41 as a carbon dioxide adsorbent that separates and recovers carbon dioxide from the taken-in carbon dioxide-containing gas by exchanging ions.
  • the type of ion exchange resin 41 is not particularly limited as long as it can separate and recover carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-containing gas, but for example, an ion exchange resin having an amine functional group, such as a weakly basic anion exchange resin, can be selected.
  • the amount of ion exchange resin 41 to be filled in the recovery tank 40 is determined to be an amount that can cover the required amount of carbon dioxide-containing gas in the greenhouse 10 to which the carbon dioxide-containing gas is to be supplied, that is, an amount that can adsorb more carbon dioxide than is required in the greenhouse 10.
  • the inlet side (upstream side) of the recovery tank 40 is connected to the heat storage tank 30 via the above-mentioned second duct 34 .
  • the outlet side (downstream side) of the recovery tank 40 is connected to the greenhouse 10 via a third duct 42 .
  • the recovery tank 40 takes in the air to be treated that has been sent out from the heat storage tank 30 from the upstream side, passes the taken-in air to be treated through the ion exchange resin 41, and then sends it out towards the greenhouse 10 via the third duct 42. At this time, the air to be treated is brought into contact with the ion exchange resin 41, thereby allowing the adsorption and desorption reaction of carbon dioxide to the ion exchange resin 41 to proceed.
  • the detailed operation of the recovery tank 40 will be described later.
  • An exhaust duct 43 is connected to the third duct 42 to exhaust the air to be treated sent from the recovery tank 40 to the outside without supplying it to the greenhouse 10.
  • the exhaust duct 43 functions mainly in the carbon dioxide recovery process described below.
  • the third duct 42 and the exhaust duct 43 are provided with corresponding dampers D5 and D6, respectively.
  • the opening and closing of these dampers D5 and D6 can be controlled to switch between taking in the air to be treated from the recovery tank 40 into the greenhouse 10 or exhausting it to the outside via the exhaust duct 43.
  • motor dampers that are easy to control can be used, for example.
  • the exhaust duct 43 is connected to the third duct 42, but instead, the exhaust duct 43 may be connected to the collection tank 40 independently of the third duct 42.
  • the supply system 1 configured as above may be provided with a control unit 2.
  • the control unit 2 controls the supply operation of the supply system 1 to the greenhouse 10, more specifically, the operation of the various elements that make up the supply system 1 (the greenhouse 10, the generation unit 20, the heat storage tank 30, the recovery tank 40, and various dampers).
  • the control unit 2 may be configured integrally with the supply system 1, or may be configured to be able to control the supply system 1 remotely.
  • the supply system 1 according to the embodiment is configured as described above. Next, an example of the operation of the supply system 1 will be described.
  • a carbon dioxide-containing gas is generated in the generation unit 20, and a "carbon dioxide capture operation" in which the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas is adsorbed by the ion exchange resin 41 and captured, and a “carbon dioxide supply operation” in which the adsorbed carbon dioxide is desorbed from the ion exchange resin 41 and supplied to the greenhouse 10 are alternately and repeatedly performed. Details of the carbon dioxide capture operation and the carbon dioxide supply operation will be described below.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the supply system 1 in the carbon dioxide capture operation.
  • the dampers in the open state are shown in white, and the dampers in the closed state are shown in black.
  • the ducts in the air flow state are shown in thick lines, and the ducts in the state in which air does not flow are shown in thin lines.
  • the generation unit 20 generates a combustion gas (carbon dioxide-containing gas) containing carbon dioxide to be recovered in the recovery tank 40 (combustion gas generation step).
  • the damper D1 is opened and the damper D2 is closed, whereby the high-temperature, low-humidity carbon dioxide-containing gas ("CO 2 " in the figure) as the air to be treated generated in the generation unit 20 is taken into the heat storage tank 30 via the first duct 21.
  • the temperature, humidity, etc. of the carbon dioxide-containing gas taken into the heat storage tank 30 are 110°C or higher, 10% RH, and 75 m 3 /h.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied from the generation unit 20 may be subjected to removal (pretreatment) of harmful gases and dust using a pretreatment device including at least one of a denitrification mechanism, a wet scrubber, a desulfurization mechanism, a bag filter, etc., prior to being taken into the heat storage tank 30.
  • This pretreatment device may be disposed, for example, on the first duct 21 as long as it is located upstream of the heat storage tank 30, or may be included in the generation unit 20.
  • a heat storage operation is performed by taking in a high-temperature, low-humidity carbon dioxide-containing gas.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas taken in the heat storage tank 30 is sent from the space 32 of the heat storage tank 30 to the filling section 31, and passes through the adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31.
  • the moisture (adsorbate) adsorbed to the adsorbent M by the high-temperature, low-humidity carbon dioxide-containing gas is desorbed, and the carbon dioxide-containing gas is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization (cold heat) generated during the desorption of this moisture (adsorbate desorption step).
  • recovery air CA a carbon dioxide recovery air CA (hereinafter simply referred to as "recovery air CA") that is lower in temperature and more humid than the taken-in carbon dioxide-containing gas is generated.
  • the temperature and humidity of the recovery air CA are 20°C, 70% RH, and 75 m 3 /h.
  • the generated recovery air CA is sent downstream (to the recovery tank 40) via the second duct 34.
  • the recovery air CA is taken in from the heat storage tank 30 to perform a carbon dioxide recovery (adsorption) operation.
  • the recovery air CA taken in to the recovery tank 40 passes through the ion exchange resin 41 contained in the recovery tank 40.
  • the amine functional group acts as an adsorption filter for carbon dioxide gas (carbon dioxide), and the carbon dioxide in the recovery air CA can be adsorbed by the ion exchange resin 41 and recovered (carbon dioxide adsorption step).
  • the recovery air CA from which carbon dioxide has been removed in the recovery tank 40 is sent to the third duct 42.
  • the damper D6 is opened and the damper D5 is closed, whereby the recovery air CA from the recovery tank 40 is exhausted to the outside of the greenhouse 10 as exhaust air EA via the exhaust duct 43.
  • the exhaust duct 43 may be connected to an exhaust system of the generation unit 20, or may be configured to exhaust the exhaust air EA into the atmosphere.
  • the exhaust gas EA from the exhaust duct 43 is clean exhaust gas from which heat and carbon dioxide have been removed in the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40, respectively, so that the environmental load caused by the emission of the exhaust gas EA can be appropriately reduced.
  • the carbon dioxide capture operation of supply system 1 is controlled as described above.
  • ion exchange resins are generally sensitive to heat and tend to exhibit significant deterioration in performance at high temperatures.
  • the heat resistance of ion exchange resins is approximately 100°C in an oxygen-free environment and approximately 50°C to 60°C in an oxygen-containing environment. For this reason, if high-temperature carbon dioxide-containing gas from a generation unit (such as a boiler or factory) is directly supplied to the ion exchange resin, there is a risk that the carbon dioxide may not be properly recovered.
  • the adsorbent M stored in the heat storage tank 30 is used to cool the high-temperature carbon dioxide-containing gas generated in the generation unit 20 to a desired temperature at which the carbon dioxide can be adsorbed into the ion exchange resin 41, for example, to about room temperature. This prevents the performance of the ion exchange resin 41 from deteriorating due to high temperatures, and allows the carbon dioxide to be appropriately adsorbed into the ion exchange resin 41 and captured.
  • the high-temperature carbon dioxide-containing gas generated in the generation unit 20 can be cooled by utilizing only the desorption reaction of the adsorbate from the adsorbent M.
  • cooling the carbon dioxide-containing gas does not require electricity, as is the case with conventional cooling mechanisms (e.g., cooling towers, radiators, dehumidifiers, etc.), and carbon dioxide capture can be achieved at lower cost and with less energy consumption.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the operation of the supply system 1 in the carbon dioxide supply operation.
  • the dampers in the open state are shown in white, and the dampers in the closed state are shown in black.
  • the ducts in the air flow state are shown in thick lines, and the ducts in the state in which air does not flow are shown in thin lines.
  • dampers D2 and D3 are opened and dampers D1 and D4 are closed, whereby low-temperature, high-humidity return air RA, which is exhaust air EA from inside the greenhouse 10, is taken into the heat storage tank 30 as air to be treated via the return air duct 22 and the first duct 21.
  • the temperature, humidity, etc. of the return air RA taken into the heat storage tank 30 are 20°C, 70% RH, and 75 m3 /h.
  • the damper D4 does not necessarily need to be fully closed, and the opening degree of the damper D4 may be adjusted so that a portion of the exhaust air EA is taken into the heat storage tank 30 as return air RA.
  • a heat dissipation operation is performed by taking in low-temperature, high-humidity return air RA.
  • the return air RA taken in the heat storage tank 30 is sent from the space 32 of the heat storage tank 30 to the filling section 31, and passes through the adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31.
  • moisture (adsorbate) in the return air RA is adsorbed by the adsorbent M, which generates heat and generates dry air DA (in one example, 60°C, 5% RH, 75 m3 /h) that is higher in temperature and lower in humidity than the return air RA (adsorbate adsorption step).
  • the generated dry air DA is sent from the space 33 to the downstream side (recovery tank 40) through the second duct 34.
  • the amount of heat released by the adsorbent M in the heat storage tank 30, in other words the temperature of the dry air DA discharged from the heat storage tank 30, is determined by the amount of adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31.
  • the amount of adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31 is determined so as to achieve the desired temperature (e.g. 60°C) at which carbon dioxide can be desorbed from the ion exchange resin 41.
  • the amount of adsorbent M filled in the filling section 31 in one embodiment is at least 1/3 of the amount of ion exchange resin 41 filled in the recovery tank 40, as described above.
  • a carbon dioxide supply (desorption) operation is performed by taking in dry air DA from the heat storage tank 30.
  • the dry air DA taken in to the recovery tank 40 passes through the ion exchange resin 41 contained in the recovery tank 40.
  • the carbon dioxide adsorbed to the ion exchange resin 41 is desorbed by the high-temperature dry air DA, and a carbon dioxide-containing gas (CO 2 in the figure) is generated in which carbon dioxide is added to the taken-in dry air DA (carbon dioxide desorption step).
  • the temperature and humidity of the carbon dioxide-containing gas are 50° C., 15% RH, and 75 m 3 /h.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas generated in the recovery tank 40 is sent to the third duct 42.
  • the damper D5 is opened and the damper D6 is closed, thereby supplying the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the greenhouse 10 via the third duct 42.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied to the greenhouse 10 is used for heat dissipation operation in the heat storage tank 30, and therefore has a lower humidity than the return air RA sent from the greenhouse 10 to the heat storage tank 30 via the return air duct 22. That is, by using the moist air in the greenhouse 10 as the air to be treated sent to the heat storage tank 30, moisture is adsorbed by the adsorbent M, and the inside of the greenhouse 10 can be dehumidified.
  • the carbon dioxide supply operation of supply system 1 is controlled as described above.
  • the amount of carbon dioxide desorption in the recovery tank 40 i.e., the amount of carbon dioxide supplied to the greenhouse 10, may be controlled by the operation of the air supply unit 23.
  • the desorption of carbon dioxide in the recovery tank 40 may be controlled by controlling the air volume, ON/OFF control, and motor damper opening control of the return air RA blown by the air supply unit 23 toward the heat storage tank 30 during carbon dioxide supply operation.
  • the temperature of the dry air DA sent from the heat storage tank 30 to the downstream collection tank 40 may be controlled. That is, in order to stabilize the desorption of carbon dioxide in the ion exchange resin 41 and to control the concentration of the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied to the greenhouse 10 to a constant value, the temperature of the dry air DA sent from the heat storage tank 30 to the downstream collection tank 40 may be controlled to a constant value.
  • the temperature (maximum temperature) and time length (reaction time) of the adsorbent M when the temperature stabilizes (time t2) vary depending on the filling amount and type of adsorbent M. Therefore, in the heat storage tank 30 according to the embodiment, it is desirable to start the supply of dry air DA to the collection tank 40 at time t2 when the temperature of the adsorbent M is stable (when the temperature of the adsorbent M is at equilibrium), and to end the supply of dry air DA before time t3 when the temperature drops.
  • the supply/stop of the dry air DA from the heat storage tank 30 to the collection tank 40 may be controlled by opening and closing a damper (not shown, for example, a motor damper that is easily controlled) provided on the second duct 34.
  • the temperature of the dry air DA sent from the heat storage tank 30 to the downstream collection tank 40 does not necessarily need to be controlled to a constant temperature.
  • ion exchange resins tend to desorb carbon dioxide at high temperatures due to their adsorption characteristics.
  • the desorption capacity of an ion exchange resin is approximately 50 mg/g (CO 2 /adsorbent) in a normal temperature environment (e.g., 25° C.) and approximately 100 mg/g (CO 2 /adsorbent) in a high temperature environment (e.g., 60° C.). For this reason, the air taken into the recovery tank 40 during the carbon dioxide supply operation needs to be heated in advance.
  • the adsorbent M stored in the heat storage tank 30 is used to heat the return air RA from the greenhouse 10 to a desired temperature, for example 40°C to 100°C, at which carbon dioxide can be desorbed from the ion exchange resin 41.
  • a desired temperature for example 40°C to 100°C
  • carbon dioxide can be desorbed from the ion exchange resin 41.
  • the high-temperature dry air DA from the heat storage tank 30 is used to desorb carbon dioxide from the ion exchange resin 41, thereby roughly doubling the amount of carbon dioxide desorbed compared to the case where room temperature air is used as described above.
  • the amount of ion exchange resin 41 filled in the collection tank 40 can be significantly reduced.
  • the amount of expensive ion exchange resin 41 used can be reduced, and therefore the cost of constructing the supply system 1 can be significantly reduced compared to a conventional system that uses only ion exchange resin 41.
  • the return air RA from the greenhouse 10 can be heated only by utilizing the adsorption reaction of the adsorbate to the adsorbent M. More specifically, the return air RA can be heated only by using the heat stored in the heat storage tank 30 during the carbon dioxide recovery operation of the supply system 1. Therefore, when supplying carbon dioxide-containing gas to the greenhouse 10, there is no need to provide an independent mechanism (e.g., a heater, etc.) for heating the return air RA as in the conventional method, and in other words, no electricity is required to generate the dry air DA (heating the return air RA by the heat storage tank) used for desorption of carbon dioxide. As a result, carbon dioxide can be applied to the greenhouse 10 at lower cost and with less energy.
  • an independent mechanism e.g., a heater, etc.
  • the supply system 1 according to the technology disclosed herein can be said to be a method of separating and recovering carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-containing gas containing impurities generated in the generation unit 20 using the ion exchange resin 41, and purifying the carbon dioxide-containing gas to have a higher purity than that of the carbon dioxide-containing gas.
  • the carbon dioxide application method performed using the supply system 1 according to the technology disclosed herein can be said to have an aspect of a method of producing carbon dioxide to be supplied to the greenhouse 10.
  • a heat storage tank 30 for controlling the temperature of air supplied to a recovery tank 40 is arranged upstream of the recovery tank 40 containing an ion exchange resin 41 for recovering/supplying carbon dioxide.
  • the temperature of the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied to the recovery tank 40 can be lowered, and the carbon dioxide can be appropriately adsorbed by the ion exchange resin 41.
  • the temperature of the return air RA supplied to the recovery tank 40 can be raised to increase the amount of carbon dioxide desorbed from the ion exchange resin 41 (improving the desorption efficiency).
  • the amount of carbon dioxide desorbed from the ion exchange resin 41 can be increased (desorption efficiency can be improved), which makes it possible to reduce the amount of ion exchange resin 41 filled in the recovery tank 40, thereby enabling costs to be reduced.
  • both the cooling of the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied to the recovery tank 40 and the heating of the return air RA can be performed using only the heat storage tank 30 arranged upstream of the recovery tank 40.
  • costs can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional method of independently connecting external heat sources such as a cooling tower for cooling the carbon dioxide-containing gas or a heater for heating the return air RA, and the system footprint can be significantly reduced.
  • the carbon dioxide supply device (heat storage tank 30 and recovery tank 40) is installed between the generation unit 20, which is a carbon dioxide supply source, and the greenhouse 10, which is a carbon dioxide demand area.
  • the operation of recovering carbon dioxide from the generation unit 20 by the recovery tank 40 and the operation of supplying carbon dioxide to the greenhouse 10 were performed at the same location.
  • the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 that constitute the carbon dioxide supply device store heat and carbon dioxide by utilizing physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, respectively, and therefore it is possible to preserve this heat and carbon dioxide for a long period of time.
  • the carbon dioxide supply system 1 may further include a transport unit 50 for transporting the carbon dioxide supply device (heat storage tank 30 and recovery tank 40) between the generation unit 20 and the greenhouse 10.
  • the type of the transport unit 50 is not particularly limited as long as it can load and transport the carbon dioxide supply device, and includes, for example, a container that houses the carbon dioxide supply device, a trailer or ship that transports the container, or an aircraft.
  • the supply system 1 performs a carbon dioxide capture operation in the generation unit 20, which is the carbon dioxide emission site, to store carbon dioxide in the capture tank 40, and then the carbon dioxide supply device is transported by the transport unit 50 to the carbon dioxide demand site, and then a carbon dioxide supply operation is performed to supply carbon dioxide-containing gas from the capture tank 40 to the greenhouse 10.
  • carbon dioxide-containing gas can be appropriately applied to the greenhouse 10.
  • the amount of ion exchange resin 41 filled in the collection tank 40 can be reduced. Therefore, according to the supply system 1 relating to the disclosed technology, even when the carbon dioxide supply device is transported between the generation unit and the greenhouse 10 in this manner, the amount of transport (load) can be reduced, thereby achieving further cost reduction.
  • the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 constituting the carbon dioxide supply device may be transported together, the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 may be configured to be transportable independently. Alternatively, at least one of the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 may be transported by the transport unit 50.
  • the carbon dioxide supply device heat storage tank 30 and recovery tank 40
  • the air supply section 23 for taking in the air to be treated into the supply device may also be configured to be transportable.
  • the recovery air CA from the heat storage tank 30 is supplied directly to the recovery tank 40 during the adsorption of carbon dioxide into the ion exchange resin 41 (carbon dioxide recovery operation), but the recovery air CA from the heat storage tank 30 may be dehumidified (dried) prior to being supplied to the recovery tank 40.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the system configuration of the supply system 100 according to the second embodiment.
  • the supply system 100 has, in addition to the configuration of the supply system 1 shown in FIG. 1, a dehumidification section 110 disposed between the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40, in other words, in the second duct 34.
  • the dehumidification section 110 dehumidifies (dries) the recovery air CA supplied from the heat storage tank 30 to the recovery tank 40 before taking it into the recovery tank 40.
  • the configuration of the dehumidification section 110 is not particularly limited as long as it can dehumidify (dry) the recovery air CA, and can be any one selected from, for example, a dehumidifier, an indirect heat exchanger, or a dehumidification tank filled with a desiccant.
  • the efficiency of recovery (adsorption) of carbon dioxide to the ion exchange resin 41 in the recovery tank 40 can be improved.
  • the ion exchange resin 41 has a physical adsorption function in addition to an ion exchange function
  • the dehumidifying (drying) the recovery air CA in advance in this manner the physical adsorption of moisture to the ion exchange resin 41 can be suppressed, and the amount of carbon dioxide physically adsorbed can be increased.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the system configuration of a supply system 200 according to a third embodiment in which the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 are configured as an integrated body.
  • a heat storage chamber 230 corresponding to the heat storage tank 30 described above, a duct chamber 234 corresponding to the second duct 34 described above, and a recovery chamber 240 corresponding to the recovery tank 40 described above are formed inside one cylindrical body 210, separated in this order.
  • the heat storage chamber 230 is connected to the first duct 21 on the upstream side, and to the recovery chamber 240 on the downstream side via the duct chamber 234.
  • a damper D7 is provided in the duct chamber 234, and is configured to be able to control the supply of air from the heat storage chamber 230 to the recovery chamber 240.
  • the third duct 42 is connected to the downstream side of the recovery chamber 240.
  • the supply system 200 also has a bypass chamber 235 that connects the duct chamber 234 and the third duct 42 .
  • the duct chamber 234, the bypass chamber 235 and the third duct 42 are provided with dampers D8, D9 and D10, respectively, and the flow of air from the heat storage chamber 230 can be controlled as desired by controlling the opening and closing of these dampers.
  • the air generated by the heat dissipation operation of the heat storage chamber 230 flows through the duct chamber 234 and the recovery chamber 240 in that order, so that heat is also supplied to the recovery chamber 240 from the duct chamber 234, and carbon dioxide desorption in the recovery chamber 240 can be carried out efficiently.
  • dampers D7 and D9 are opened and dampers D8 and D10 are closed, so that air flows through duct chamber 234 and bypass chamber 235 in that order, and since air is not supplied to the recovery chamber 240, air flows only through the heat storage chamber 230, and deterioration of the recovery chamber 240 due to the thermal effects from the duct chamber 234 can be suppressed. Furthermore, by forming the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 as one unit in this manner, transportation by the transport unit 50 described above becomes easier.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the system configuration of a supply system 300 according to a fourth embodiment in which the heat storage tank 30 and the recovery tank 40 are installed inside the greenhouse 10.
  • the supply system 300 has a heat storage tank 30 , a recovery tank 40 and a carbon dioxide production section 310 inside the greenhouse 10 .
  • the carbon dioxide generating unit 310 is, for example, a boiler that generates carbon dioxide by burning a fuel such as kerosene.
  • An exhaust duct 311 that exhausts the generated carbon dioxide (exhaust EA) to the outside of the greenhouse 10 is connected to the carbon dioxide generating unit 310.
  • the upstream side of the heat storage tank 30 is connected to the exhaust duct 311 via a first duct 321.
  • a damper D31 is provided in the first duct 321, and the intake of the exhaust air EA from the exhaust duct 311 to the heat storage tank 30 can be controlled by opening and closing the damper D31.
  • a return air duct 322 is connected to the downstream side of the damper D31 of the first duct 321.
  • the return air duct 322 is provided with a damper D32, and is configured to be able to control the intake of the return air RA from the return air duct 322 to the heat storage tank 30 by opening and closing this damper D32.
  • the heat storage tank 30 is connected to a drain pipe and a drain pot (not shown).
  • the upstream side of the collection tank 40 is connected to the heat storage tank 30 via a second duct 334.
  • a damper D33 is provided in the second duct 334, and the supply of air from the heat storage tank 30 to the collection tank 40 can be controlled.
  • the downstream side of the collection tank 40 is configured to be able to supply carbon dioxide to the crops F to be grown via a third duct 342.
  • the recovery tank 40 and the second duct 334 are connected to a water drain pipe (not shown).
  • the supply system 300 also includes a bypass duct 335 that connects the second duct 334 and the third duct 342 .
  • the second duct 334, the bypass duct 335 and the third duct 342 are provided with dampers D34, D35 and D36, respectively, and by controlling the opening and closing of these dampers, it is possible to control whether the air from the heat storage tank 30 is supplied to the recovery tank 40 or to the third duct 342 without passing through the recovery tank 40.
  • An exhaust duct 312 is connected to the third duct 342 for discharging the air flowing through the third duct 342 to the outside of the greenhouse 10 as exhaust air EA without supplying it to the crops F.
  • the third duct 342 and the exhaust duct 312 are provided with dampers D37 and D38, respectively, and by controlling the opening and closing of these dampers, it is possible to control whether the air flowing through the third duct 342 is supplied to the crops F or exhausted to the outside of the greenhouse 10.
  • the third duct 342 may be provided with a flowmeter 342a for measuring the flow rate of air passing through the third duct 342, and an air supply section 342b for sending the air passing through the third duct 342 downstream.
  • the supply system 300 is provided with a control unit 350.
  • the control unit 350 has, for example, a PLC that controls the operation of the supply system 300.
  • the control unit 350 also has an operation panel for instructing the operation by the PLC, a computer equipped with a processor such as a CPU and a memory, and a data logger that records the operation of the supply system 300.
  • the computer has a program storage unit (not shown) and a memory unit.
  • the computer may be remotely controlled.
  • the program may be recorded in the memory unit or a non-transitory storage medium readable by the computer, and installed in the control unit 350 from the storage medium.
  • the control unit 350 controls the opening and closing operations of various dampers (D31 to D38) and the operation of the air supply unit 342b based on the results of measurements taken by measuring instruments (the flowmeter 342a described above and a thermometer, thermo-hygrometer, pressure gauge, or carbon dioxide concentration measuring instrument not shown) installed at various locations within the supply system 300.
  • the supply system 300 according to the fourth embodiment is configured as described above. Next, an example of the operation of the supply system 300 configured as described above will be described.
  • step St1 in FIG. 9 When the supply system 300 is operated, an operator uses an operation panel (not shown) of the control unit 350 to instruct the operation of the supply system 300 (step St1 in FIG. 9).
  • the operation of the supply system 300 is started, first, it is determined whether the operation start time of the supply system 300 is the time when the carbon dioxide supply operation should be performed (application time) or the time when the carbon dioxide capture operation described later should be performed (capture time) (step St2 in FIG. 9 ). This determination is made based on, for example, the season and the time when the operation is instructed.
  • step St10 the instruction time for operation is not the application time
  • the process proceeds to control of the carbon dioxide capture operation described below (step St10 in FIG. 9).
  • the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is measured by a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St3 in FIG. 9).
  • the heat dissipation mode of the carbon dioxide supply operation in the supply system 300 (hereinafter simply referred to as the "heat dissipation mode") is started. Specifically, dampers D32, D33, D36, and D38 are opened under the control of the control unit 350, and thereafter (for example, 10 seconds after the dampers are controlled), the operation of the air supply unit 342b is started.
  • dry air DA of the desired temperature (e.g., 60°C) is generated in the heat storage tank 30 from the return air RA (e.g., 20°C) inside the greenhouse 10, and is supplied again to the interior of the greenhouse 10 without passing through the recovery tank 40.
  • the air in the greenhouse 10 is ventilated from the return air RA to the dry air DA, and the internal temperature of the greenhouse 10 can be increased by the operation of the supply system 300 without changing the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 does not change by the operation of the supply system 300, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 decreases over time as the target crops F perform photosynthesis.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration inside the greenhouse 10 is measured again using a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St4 in Figure 9).
  • step St4 If, in step St4, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is equal to or greater than a threshold value, for example, equal to or greater than 800 ppm, a determination is made again as to whether the time at which this measurement was made was the time for applying carbon dioxide or the time for collecting it (step St5 in FIG. 9).
  • a threshold value for example, equal to or greater than 800 ppm
  • step St5 If it is determined in step St5 that it is time to apply the nutrient, the heat radiation mode is continued (the open/closed states of the various dampers are maintained). After that, when the operation in the heat radiation mode is continued for a predetermined time, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is measured again by the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St4 in FIG. 9). On the other hand, if it is determined in step St5 that the application time has not arrived, the heat release mode is ended.
  • the operation of the air supply unit 342b is stopped under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the control of the air supply unit 342b) the dampers D32, D33, D36, and D38 are closed, and the control shifts to the carbon dioxide capture operation control described later (step St10 in FIG. 9).
  • step St4 if the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is less than the threshold value, for example, less than 800 ppm, the heat release mode is terminated, and a carbon dioxide application/heat release mode (hereinafter simply referred to as the "application mode") of the carbon dioxide supply operation in the supply system 300 is started. Specifically, dampers D34 and D35 are opened under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the opening of dampers D34 and D35), damper D36 is closed. This application mode is also started when the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is less than a threshold value, for example, less than 800 ppm, in step St3.
  • a threshold value for example, less than 800 ppm
  • step St3 after the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is measured in step St3, the dampers D32, D33, D34, D35, and D38 are opened under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the dampers are controlled), the operation of the air supply unit 342b is started, thereby starting the application mode.
  • step St3 or step St4 when it is determined in step St3 or step St4 that the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is less than the threshold value and the opening and closing of various valves and the operation of the air supply unit 342b are controlled, the application mode is started.
  • dry air DA at a desired temperature e.g., 60° C.
  • the return air RA e.g., 20° C.
  • carbon dioxide-containing gas is generated from the dry air DA in the recovery tank 40.
  • the generated carbon dioxide-containing gas is then supplied to the inside of the greenhouse 10.
  • the air in the greenhouse 10 is ventilated from the return air RA to a carbon dioxide-containing gas, thereby increasing the internal temperature of the greenhouse 10 and increasing the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is measured again using a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St6 in Figure 9).
  • step St6 If, in step St6, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is less than the threshold value, for example less than 1000 ppm, a determination is made again as to whether the time at which this measurement was made was the time for applying carbon dioxide or the time for collecting it (step St7 in FIG. 9).
  • step St7 If it is determined in step St7 that it is time to apply the nutrient, the application mode is continued (the open/closed states of the various dampers are maintained). After that, when the operation in the application mode is continued for a predetermined time, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is measured again by a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St6 in FIG. 9). On the other hand, if it is determined in step St7 that the application time has not arrived, the application mode is terminated.
  • the operation of the air supply unit 342b is stopped under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the control of the air supply unit 342b) the dampers D32, D33, D34, D35, and D38 are closed, and the control shifts to the carbon dioxide capture operation described later (step St10 in FIG. 9).
  • step St6 the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is equal to or greater than a threshold value, for example, equal to or greater than 1000 ppm, a determination is made again as to whether the time at which this measurement was made was the time for applying carbon dioxide or the time for collecting it (step St8 in FIG. 9).
  • a threshold value for example, equal to or greater than 1000 ppm
  • step St8 If it is determined in step St8 that it is time to apply the humidifier, the application mode is ended and the heat dissipation mode described above is started. Specifically, the damper D36 is opened under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the damper D36 is opened), the dampers D34 and D35 are closed. After that, when the heat dissipation mode is executed for a predetermined time, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is measured again by a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St4 in FIG. 9). On the other hand, if it is determined in step St8 that the application time has not arrived, the application mode is terminated.
  • the operation of the air supply unit 342b is stopped under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the control of the air supply unit 342b) the dampers D32, D33, D34, D35, and D38 are closed, and the control shifts to the carbon dioxide capture operation described later (step St10 in FIG. 9).
  • the carbon dioxide supply operation of the supply system 300 is performed as described above. That is, in the carbon dioxide supply operation of the supply system 300, when the operation time of the supply system 300 is the application time in the greenhouse 10, the above-mentioned heat release mode and application mode are alternately and repeatedly executed according to the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10. More specifically, in this embodiment, the application mode is executed until the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 reaches a first threshold, for example, 1000 ppm, and after the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 reaches the first threshold, the heat dissipation mode is executed until the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 reaches a second threshold, for example, less than 800 ppm. In other words, the heat dissipation mode and the application mode are executed alternately and repeatedly so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 is between the first threshold and the second threshold.
  • a first threshold for example, 1000 ppm
  • the heat dissipation mode is executed until the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10 reaches a second threshold, for example, less than 800
  • step St1 in FIGS. 9 and 10 When the supply system 300 is operated, as shown in FIG. 9, an operator uses an operation panel (not shown) of the control unit 350 to instruct the operation of the supply system 300 (step St1 in FIGS. 9 and 10).
  • step St1 in FIGS. 9 and 10 When the operation of the supply system 300 is started, first, it is determined whether the operation start time of the supply system 300 is the time for applying carbon dioxide or the time for recovering carbon dioxide (step St2 in FIG. 10).
  • step Sp10 in FIG. 10 If it is determined that the instruction time for operation is not the collection time, the process shifts to the control of the carbon dioxide supply operation described above (step Sp10 in FIG. 10). On the other hand, when it is determined that it is time to collect the exhaust gas, first, the temperature of the exhaust gas EA (gas containing carbon dioxide) flowing through the exhaust duct 311 is measured by a thermometer (not shown) (step Sp1 in FIG. 10).
  • step Sp1 If the temperature of the exhaust gas EA is less than the threshold value, for example, less than 250° C. in step Sp1, the start of the carbon dioxide supply operation in the supply system 300 is stopped, and a determination is made again as to whether it is the application time or the recovery time (step St2). If it is the application time, the process proceeds to the control of the carbon dioxide supply operation described above (step Sp10 in FIG. 10). On the other hand, if the temperature of the exhaust gas EA is equal to or higher than a threshold value, for example, equal to or higher than 250° C. in step Sp1, the carbon dioxide concentration of the air flowing through the rear stage of the recovery tank 40 is then measured using a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step Sp2 in FIG. 10).
  • a threshold value for example, equal to or higher than 250° C. in step Sp1
  • a drying mode of the carbon dioxide recovery operation in the supply system 300 (hereinafter simply referred to as the "drying mode") is started. Specifically, dampers D31, D33, D36, and D37 are opened under the control of the control unit 350, and thereafter (for example, 10 seconds after the dampers are controlled), the air supply unit 342b starts operating. As a result, high-temperature exhaust gas EA from the carbon dioxide generation unit 310 is passed through the heat storage tank 30, and the adsorbent M contained in the heat storage tank 30 is dried (heat storage operation of the heat storage tank 30).
  • the exhaust gas EA used to dry the adsorbent M is then discharged to the outside of the greenhouse 10 without passing through the recovery tank 40.
  • the heat storage operation of the heat storage tank 30 can be performed without ventilating the air in the greenhouse 10, that is, without changing the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10.
  • step Sp2 a carbon dioxide recovery/drying mode (hereinafter simply referred to as the "recovery mode") of the carbon dioxide recovery operation is started in the supply system 300.
  • dampers D31, D33, D34, D35, and D37 are opened under the control of the control unit 350, and thereafter (for example, 10 seconds after the damper control), the operation of the air supply unit 342b is started.
  • recovery air CA is generated from the exhaust air EA (gas containing carbon dioxide) and the heat storage operation of the heat storage tank 30 is performed, and further, in the recovery tank 40, carbon dioxide is recovered (adsorbed) from the recovery air CA by the ion exchange resin 41.
  • the recovery air CA from which carbon dioxide has been recovered by the ion exchange resin 41 is then discharged to the outside of the greenhouse 10.
  • the heat storage operation of the heat storage tank 30 and the carbon dioxide recovery operation of the recovery tank 40 can be performed without ventilating the air in the greenhouse 10, i.e., without changing the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse 10.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration in the rear stage of the recovery tank 40 increases as the recovery of carbon dioxide in the recovery tank 40 progresses.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration of the air flowing through the front and rear stages of the recovery tank 40 is measured using a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step Sp3 in FIG. 10).
  • step Sp3 if the carbon dioxide concentration in the rear stage of the recovery tank 40 is equal to or higher than a threshold value, for example, 9% or higher, and the difference in carbon dioxide concentration between the front and rear stages of the recovery tank 40 is equal to or lower than a threshold value, for example, 2% or lower, a decision is made to terminate the recovery mode (step Sp5 in Figure 10, which will be described later).
  • a threshold value for example, 9% or higher
  • a threshold value for example, 2% or lower
  • step Sp3 the carbon dioxide concentration in the rear stage of the recovery tank 40 is less than the threshold value, for example less than 9%, and the difference in carbon dioxide concentration between the front and rear stages of the recovery tank 40 is less than the threshold value, for example less than 2%
  • the temperature of the exhaust air EA flowing through the exhaust duct 311 is measured again, and a determination is made again as to whether the time at which this measurement was made is the time of carbon dioxide recovery or application (step Sp4 in FIG. 10).
  • step Sp4 If it is determined in step Sp4 that the temperature of the exhaust gas EA is equal to or higher than a threshold value, for example, 250° C. or higher, and it is time to collect the exhaust gas, the collection mode is continued (the open/closed states of the various dampers are maintained). After that, when the collection mode operation is continued for a predetermined time, the carbon dioxide concentration is measured again by a carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (not shown) (step St3 in FIG. 10). On the other hand, if it is determined in step Sp4 that the temperature of the exhaust gas EA is below the threshold value, for example, below 250° C., or that it is not the time for recovery, a determination is made to end the recovery mode (step Sp5 in FIG. 10, described later).
  • a threshold value for example, 250° C. or higher
  • step Sp3 or step Sp4 the temperature of the exhaust air EA flowing through the exhaust duct 311 is measured again, and a determination is made again as to whether the time at which this measurement is made is the time to capture or apply carbon dioxide (step Sp5 in FIG. 10).
  • step Sp5 If it is determined in step Sp5 that the temperature of the exhaust gas EA is below a threshold value, for example, below 250° C., or that it is not time to collect, the collection mode is terminated. Specifically, the operation of the air supply unit 342b is stopped under the control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the control of the air supply unit 342b) the dampers D31, D33, D34, D35, and D37 are closed, and the control shifts to the above-mentioned carbon dioxide supply operation (step Sp10 in FIG. 10). On the other hand, if it is determined in step Sp5 that the temperature of the exhaust air EA is equal to or higher than the threshold value, for example, 250° C.
  • the threshold value for example, 250° C.
  • control unit 350 opens the damper D36, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the damper D36 is opened), the dampers D34 and D35 are closed.
  • step Sp2 or step Sp6 described above when the drying mode is executed for a predetermined time, the temperature of the exhaust air EA flowing through the exhaust duct 311 and the temperature of the air flowing through the rear stage of the heat storage tank 30 are measured, and a determination is made again as to whether the time at the time of this measurement is the time of carbon dioxide recovery or application (step Sp6 in FIG. 10).
  • step Sp6 the temperature of the exhaust air EA is equal to or higher than the first threshold, e.g., 250°C or higher, the temperature of the air in the rear stage of the heat storage tank 30 is equal to or lower than the second threshold, e.g., 150°C or lower, and it is determined that it is time to recover, the drying mode is continued (the open/closed status of the various dampers is maintained). After that, when the operation in the drying mode is continued for a predetermined time, the temperature of the exhaust air EA is measured again, and it is determined whether the time at the time of this measurement is the time to recover or apply carbon dioxide (step Sp6 in FIG. 10).
  • the first threshold e.g. 250°C or higher
  • the temperature of the air in the rear stage of the heat storage tank 30 is equal to or lower than the second threshold, e.g., 150°C or lower
  • the drying mode is continued (the open/closed status of the various dampers is maintained). After that, when the operation in the drying mode is continued for a pre
  • step Sp6 if it is determined in step Sp6 that the temperature of the air flowing through the rear stage of the heat storage tank 30 is less than the second threshold value, for example, less than 150° C., or that it is not the time for recovery, the drying mode is terminated and a moisture release mode of the carbon dioxide recovery operation (hereinafter simply referred to as the “moisture release mode”) is started. Specifically, the damper D32 is opened under the control of the control unit 350, and thereafter (for example, 10 seconds after the damper D32 is opened), the damper D31 is closed.
  • the second threshold value for example, less than 150° C.
  • return air RA e.g., 20°C
  • the moisture remaining in the heat storage tank 30 after the drying mode is discharged to the outside of the greenhouse 10 as exhaust air EA without passing through the recovery tank 40.
  • a predetermined time e.g. 30 to 60 seconds
  • the operation in the moisture release mode is terminated.
  • the operation of the air supply unit 342b is stopped by the control of the control unit 350, and then (e.g., 10 seconds after the control of the air supply unit 342b) the dampers D32, D33, D36, and D37 are closed.
  • step Sp10 in FIG. 10 the control shifts to the control of the carbon dioxide supply operation described above (step Sp10 in FIG. 10), and if it is the time to collect, the operation is stopped and waits until the application time.
  • step Sp6 if the temperature of the air flowing through the rear stage of the heat storage tank 30 is equal to or higher than the second threshold, for example, 150°C or higher, but the temperature of the exhaust air EA is less than the first threshold, for example, less than 250°C, the drying mode is terminated and control is shifted to the carbon dioxide supply operation described above without going through the moisture release mode described above (step Sp10 in FIG. 10). Specifically, the operation of the air supply unit 342b is stopped by control of the control unit 350, and then (for example, 10 seconds after the control of the air supply unit 342b), dampers D31, D33, D36, and D37 are closed.
  • the second threshold for example, 150°C or higher
  • the temperature of the exhaust air EA is less than the first threshold, for example, less than 250°C
  • the carbon dioxide capture operation of the supply system 300 is performed as described above. That is, in the carbon dioxide capture operation of the supply system 300, when the operation time of the supply system 300 is the capture time in the greenhouse 10, the capture mode, drying mode, and moisture release mode are executed in sequence. At this time, the capture mode and moisture release mode can be omitted as appropriate depending on the measured carbon dioxide concentration, the exhaust gas EA, and the temperature in the downstream of the heat storage tank 30. More specifically, in this embodiment, when the temperature of the exhaust air EA is equal to or higher than a first threshold value, for example, 250° C., the recovery mode is executed until the carbon dioxide concentration in the rear stage of the recovery tank 40 is equal to or higher than 9% and the difference in carbon dioxide concentration from the front stage is within 2%.
  • a first threshold value for example, 250° C.
  • the drying mode is executed until the air temperature in the rear stage of the heat storage tank 30 is equal to or higher than a second threshold value, for example, 150° C.
  • a predetermined time for example, 30 to 60 seconds, to remove moisture remaining in the heat storage tank 30.
  • the above-mentioned carbon dioxide supply operation and carbon dioxide capture operation are alternately repeated depending on whether the operation time of the supply system 300 is the time to apply carbon dioxide or the time to capture it.
  • a system for supplying a carbon dioxide-containing gas to a carbon dioxide demand unit comprising: a heat storage tank that contains an adsorbent that generates heat by adsorbing an adsorbate and that outputs the taken-in air to be treated as dry air having a higher temperature than the air to be treated; A carbon dioxide recovery tank that contains a carbon dioxide adsorbent capable of adsorbing and desorbing carbon dioxide, desorbs the carbon dioxide using the dry air taken in, and sends the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the demand section.
  • the demand unit is a greenhouse in a greenhouse, The carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system according to (1) above, further comprising a return air path for taking return air from within the greenhouse into the heat storage tank as the air to be treated.
  • a carbon dioxide generation unit that generates carbon dioxide to be recovered in the recovery tank by adsorbing it to the carbon dioxide adsorbent,
  • the combustion gas from the generation unit is taken in, the adsorbate is desorbed from the adsorbent by the taken in combustion gas, and the taken in combustion gas is discharged as recovery air having a lower temperature and a higher humidity than the combustion gas;
  • a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system as described in any one of (1) to (3), characterized in that in the recovery tank, the carbon dioxide contained in the recovery air is adsorbed by the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and the recovery air after the carbon dioxide is removed is discharged to the outside of the demand section.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system described in (4) above further comprising a transport unit that transports at least one of the heat storage tank and the recovery tank between the generation unit and the demand unit.
  • a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system as described in (4) or (5) further comprising a dehumidification section that dehumidifies the recovery air discharged from the heat storage tank and before it is supplied to the recovery tank.
  • a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply system according to any one of (1) to (6), characterized in that the carbon dioxide adsorbent is selected from at least one of an ion exchange resin, a moisture-resistant zeolite, activated carbon, a porous coordination polymer (PCP), and a metal-organic framework (MOF).
  • the carbon dioxide adsorbent is selected from at least one of zeolite and HASClay (registered trademark).
  • a supply device for a carbon dioxide-containing gas comprising: a heat storage tank configured to be capable of repeating a heat storage operation and a heat dissipation operation by adsorption and desorption of an adsorbate to and from an adsorbent contained therein;
  • a carbon dioxide-containing gas supply device comprising: a recovery tank configured to repeatedly recover and supply carbon dioxide by adsorption and desorption of the carbon dioxide to a carbon dioxide adsorbent contained therein.
  • a method for applying a carbon dioxide-containing gas to a carbon dioxide demand part comprising: A combustion gas generating step of generating combustion gas by burning fuel; an adsorbate desorption step of desorbing an adsorbate from an adsorbent using the combustion gas to generate recovery air that is at a lower temperature and has a higher humidity than the combustion gas; A carbon dioxide recovery process including a carbon dioxide adsorption step of adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the recovery air onto a carbon dioxide adsorbent; an adsorbent adsorption step of adsorbing an adsorbate in the air to be treated supplied from the demand unit onto the adsorbent to generate dry air having a higher temperature than the air to be treated; A carbon dioxide supply process including a carbon dioxide desorption step of desorbing the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorbent using the dry air and supplying the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the demand section.
  • a method for producing carbon dioxide comprising the steps of: an adsorbate desorption step of desorbing the adsorbate from the adsorbent using high-temperature, low-humidity air to generate recovery air that is lower in temperature and higher in humidity than the high-temperature, low-humidity air;
  • a carbon dioxide recovery process including a carbon dioxide adsorption step of adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the recovery air onto a carbon dioxide adsorbent; 1.
  • a method for producing carbon dioxide comprising: a carbon dioxide supply process including: an adsorbate adsorption step in which an adsorbate is adsorbed from low-temperature, high-humidity air onto the adsorbent to produce dry air that is hotter than the low-temperature, high-humidity air; and a carbon dioxide desorption step in which the dry air is used to desorb the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorbent to produce a carbon dioxide-containing gas that contains the carbon dioxide.
  • the present invention is useful as a carbon dioxide recovery system in a carbon dioxide-containing gas emission site and/or a carbon dioxide supply system in a carbon dioxide-containing gas demand site.
  • emission sites of the carbon dioxide-containing gas include power plants, ironworks, waste treatment plants, commercial buildings (office buildings, complexes, schools, government buildings, etc.), and factories that mainly emit combustion exhaust gas, but the facilities in which the supply system 1 (recovery system) related to the technology disclosed herein may be introduced are not limited to these.
  • the demand area for the carbon dioxide-containing gas is mainly exemplified by a greenhouse 10 for greenhouse horticulture, but the facility in which the supply system 1 according to the technology of the present disclosure is introduced is not limited to this.
  • the present invention can be applied to manufacturing plants for oxygen-containing compounds such as urethane and polycarbonate, chemical products derived from biomass, and chemical products such as olefins.
  • Other potential applications include biofuels using photosynthetic microalgae and biofuels derived from biomass. Another possible application is in the process of absorbing carbon dioxide inside concrete products or structures when they are manufactured.
  • Further potential applications include “BECCS: Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage,” which combines biomass fuels with Carbon Dixide Capture and Storage (CCS), and “blue carbon,” in which seaweed and marine plants absorb carbon dioxide and store it in the ocean.

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JPS59173024A (ja) * 1983-03-19 1984-09-29 信光工業株式会社 太陽熱による温室の蓄熱暖房方法及びその装置
JP6204333B2 (ja) * 2006-10-02 2017-09-27 カーボン シンク インコーポレイテッド 空気から二酸化炭素を抽出するための方法および装置
JP6290622B2 (ja) * 2013-12-27 2018-03-07 フタバ産業株式会社 二酸化炭素施用装置
US20190208714A1 (en) * 2016-08-16 2019-07-11 Greencap Solutions As A System for Climate Control in Closed or Semi Closed Spaces
JP6736072B2 (ja) * 2018-10-24 2020-08-05 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 園芸用施設の除湿システム
US20210120750A1 (en) * 2018-02-16 2021-04-29 Carbon Sink, Inc. Fluidized bed extractors for capture of co2 from ambient air
WO2022014652A1 (ja) * 2020-07-15 2022-01-20 日東電工株式会社 調湿システム、吸脱着装置、調湿装置及び調湿方法

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JPS59173024A (ja) * 1983-03-19 1984-09-29 信光工業株式会社 太陽熱による温室の蓄熱暖房方法及びその装置
JP6204333B2 (ja) * 2006-10-02 2017-09-27 カーボン シンク インコーポレイテッド 空気から二酸化炭素を抽出するための方法および装置
JP6290622B2 (ja) * 2013-12-27 2018-03-07 フタバ産業株式会社 二酸化炭素施用装置
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JP6736072B2 (ja) * 2018-10-24 2020-08-05 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 園芸用施設の除湿システム
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