WO2024113070A1

WO2024113070A1 - Flexible descaling and dissection machine

Info

Publication number: WO2024113070A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/134555
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李平; 张黎; 杜开松
Original assignee: 荆州市集创机电科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-11-28
Filing date: 2022-11-28
Publication date: 2024-06-06

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fish processing apparatuses. Disclosed is a flexible descaling and dissection machine, which comprises a rack, and a self-adjusting feeding device, a belly and back descaling device, a pressing and conveying device, a fish body descaling device, a dissection device and a discharging device are arranged on the rack. The self-adjusting feeding device is located on one side of the rack, the belly and back descaling device is located at the outlet side of the self-adjusting feeding device, and the pressing and conveying device is located at the outlet side of the belly and back descaling device. The fish body descaling device and the dissection device are sequentially arranged in the conveying area of the pressing and conveying device in the conveying direction, and the discharging device is located at the conveying tail end of the pressing and conveying device. In the present invention, the self-adjusting feeding device, the belly and back descaling device, the pressing and conveying device and the fish body descaling device can all adapt to fishes of different sizes for descaling and dissection processing. Thus, the present invention has the advantages of high degree of automation, thorough descaling, small damage to fishes, good processing quality and high universality.

Description

A flexible descaling and cutting machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fish processing equipment, in particular to a flexible descaling and cutting machine.

Background technique

At present, China's freshwater fish industry is facing the dilemma of large output and low processing rate, which seriously restricts the commercial development of China's freshwater fish industry. my country's freshwater fish output accounts for more than 60% of the world's total freshwater product output, but the processing rate of freshwater fish products accounts for less than 15% of the total production. Compared with the rapid development of my country's freshwater fish farming output, the development of my country's freshwater fish processing industry lags behind. Due to the lack of freshwater fish processing equipment, especially freshwater fish pre-treatment equipment, many domestic vegetable markets, shopping malls and supermarkets still mainly slaughter live fish manually and then sell them.

Based on market demand, some large enterprises will also design some electric handheld or semi-automatic descaling equipment by themselves, such as drum descaling equipment, in which the inner side of the drum is provided with a descaling structure for removing fish scales. The fish is placed in the drum, which rotates under the drive of the power source, and the fish body rubs against the descaling structure to remove the fish scales. Then the drum door is opened to take the fish out. This descaling equipment can only be carried out in small batches and intermittently, and cannot achieve continuous descaling operations to achieve assembly line production. The processing efficiency is low, the labor intensity of workers is high, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Especially for fish species with flat bodies such as braided fish, the descaling effect by friction is poor, and the fish body is often severely damaged due to friction and collision.

The invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN2015302738U discloses a chain-driven push-type fish pre-processing automatic device, including a frame, a chain transmission mechanism is installed above the frame, a push plate is arranged at intervals on the chain transmission mechanism, the push plate extends into the interval between the two clamps when it runs to the lower half of the chain transmission mechanism, and an elastic clamp is arranged at intervals below the frame, and the elastic clamp clamps the fish body: multiple groups of descaling rollers are installed on one side of the chain transmission mechanism, and the descaling rollers are driven by a motor: a cutting knife disc, an abdominal support head and an elastic scraping hook are arranged in sequence on the frame along the conveying direction, which are used to cut and remove the internal organs of the fish body in sequence. However, the invention cannot automatically adjust the spacing of the descaling rollers according to the different sizes of fish, so that larger fish are easy to damage the fish meat, and smaller fish are easy to cause incomplete descaling, which greatly affects the quality of fish processing, and the descaling roller has a small contact area with the fish when descaling, which easily makes it difficult to descale the back and abdomen of the fish.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to provide a flexible descaling and cutting machine, which has the advantages of high automation, thorough descaling, little damage to fish, good processing quality and good versatility.

The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

A flexible scaling and cutting machine comprises a frame, on which a self-adjusting feeding device, a dorsal scaling device, a pressing and conveying device, a fish body scaling device, a cutting device and a discharging device are respectively provided. The self-adjusting feeding device is located on one side of the frame, the dorsal scaling device is located on the outlet side of the self-adjusting feeding device, the pressing and conveying device is located on the outlet side of the dorsal scaling device, the fish body scaling device and the cutting device are sequentially arranged in the conveying area of the pressing and conveying device along the conveying direction, and the discharging device is located at the conveying end of the pressing and conveying device.

By adopting the above technical scheme, after the fish to be processed enters the self-adjusting feeding device, it passes through the belly and back descaling device for belly and back descaling, so that the fish scales on the belly and back of the fish are cleanly removed. The belly and back descaling device continuously pushes the fish forward during the descaling process, so that the fish enters the compacting and conveying device, and the compacting and conveying device compacts the fish from both sides of the fish body and then continues to convey it forward, so that the fish passes through the fish body descaling device and the cutting device in turn, thereby realizing the descaling operation on both sides of the fish body and the cutting operation in turn. The self-adjusting feeding device, the belly and back descaling device, the compacting and conveying device and the fish body descaling device can all adapt to the descaling and cutting processing of fish of different sizes, with a high degree of automation, thorough descaling, little damage to the fish, and good processing quality.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the self-adjusting feeding device comprises an upper material guide trough and a lower material guide trough, both of which are V-shaped structures, the V-shaped openings of the upper material guide trough and the lower material guide trough are opposite, the lower material guide trough is fixed on the frame, the upper material guide trough is fixedly connected to the movable mounting frame, the two ends of the movable mounting frame are respectively longitudinally arranged on the guide rods on both sides of the frame for sliding cooperation, and adjustment springs are provided between the upper end of the movable mounting frame and the frame, as well as between the lower end of the movable mounting frame and the frame, and the adjustment spring sleeves are respectively sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the guide rods on both sides.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the upper guide trough and the lower guide trough are used to limit the fish from the abdomen and back of the fish. The upper guide trough and the lower guide trough are both V-shaped structures, which are similar to the cross-sectional shapes of the abdomen and back of the fish, so that after the fish comes out from one side of the outlet of the upper guide trough and the lower guide trough, its abdomen and back are always distributed up and down, which is convenient for the abdomen and back descaling mechanism to descaling the abdomen and back of the fish. In addition, the upper guide trough is connected to the frame through a movable mounting frame, so there is a movable space between the upper guide trough and the lower guide trough, so that it can adapt to fish of different sizes, and the adaptability of the equipment is better.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the dorsal descaling device comprises a descaling roller and a descaling roller respectively positioned opposite to the upper material guide trough and the lower material guide trough, the surfaces of the descaling roller and the descaling roller are both provided with dorsal descaling brushes for descaling, the descaling roller is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame via a bearing seat, both ends of the descaling roller are rotatably connected to the frame below the descaling roller via the bearing seat, and one end of the descaling roller is connected to the dorsal descaling motor fixed on the movable mounting frame via a transmission chain;

Alternatively, the dorsal and abdominal descaling device comprises a flexible descaling device which is arranged transversely, wherein two rotating parts of the flexible descaling device in the dorsal and abdominal descaling device are arranged transversely and in parallel, and the two rotating parts of the flexible descaling device in the dorsal and abdominal descaling device are respectively opposite to the upper material guide trough and the lower material guide trough, the rotating part opposite to the upper material guide trough is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame, and is rotatably connected to the frame below the rotating part opposite to the lower material guide trough, and the two rotating parts are driven by the dorsal and abdominal descaling motors to rotate relative to each other.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the belly and back descaling device can use the belly and back descaling brushes arranged on the surfaces of the scaling roller and the descaling roller to brush-type descaling the belly and back of the fish, that is, the scaling roller rotates under the drive of the belly and back descaling motor, so that the fish can continue to move forward after entering between the scaling roller and the descaling roller, so that the belly and back of the fish can fully contact with the scaling roller and the descaling roller, which greatly improves the effect of descaling the belly and back of the fish. At the same time, the scaling roller and the descaling roller use the belly and back descaling brushes on the surface to descale the belly and back of the fish, which solves the technical problem that it is difficult to descal the belly and back of the fish in the prior art, and the scaling roller is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame, so that the scaling roller and the upper guide trough rise or fall synchronously, thereby realizing the descaling operation of fish of different sizes.

Alternatively, a flexible descaling device can be used to descal the belly and back of the fish, that is, the flexible descaling device is used to elastically contact the belly and back of the fish to achieve the descaling operation. Compared with the belly and back descaling brush, it is easier to adapt to the shapes of fish of different sizes and shapes. During long-term use, the bristles will not wear or break, and the descaling effect is better and the service life is longer.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the fish body descaling device includes a flexible descaling device arranged longitudinally, and the two rotating parts of the flexible descaling device in the fish body descaling device are arranged longitudinally in parallel. The flexible descaling device also includes a plurality of disc-shaped spiral descaling springs arranged on the two rotating parts, and the end of the descaling spring close to the center is connected to the rotating part through a mounting plate, and a spacer is further provided between two adjacent descaling springs. The end of the descaling spring away from the center is provided with an extension part extending along the tangent direction of the outermost circle of the descaling spring, and the end of the extension part is provided with a hook part perpendicular to the extension direction and extending to the side away from the center of the circle.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the descaling springs in the two rotating parts are in a relaxed state in a natural state. When the two rotating parts rotate relative to each other, the disc-shaped spiral descaling spring is driven to rotate, so that the extension part of the descaling spring at one end away from the center rotates synchronously with the rotating part. During the rotation, the hook part at the end of the extension part gradually approaches the fish body and reversely inserts into the fish scales and continues to rotate with the fish scales until the fish scales are separated from the fish body. The elasticity of the descaling spring itself is utilized to make the hook part at the end of the extension part and the fish body in flexible contact, which can effectively reduce the probability of fish meat damage and effectively ensure the quality of fish processing. At the same time, the hook part at the end of the extension part can adapt to fish of different sizes during the rotation process and always fits the shape of the fish body, thereby effectively ensuring the descaling effect.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the rotating part includes a plurality of parallel connecting shafts, the mounting plate is provided with mounting holes matching the number and diameter of the connecting shafts and a mounting groove matching the end of the descaling spring close to the center, the mounting plate is connected to the connecting shafts through the mounting holes, the rotating part also includes a power shaft, the axis of the power shaft is parallel to the axis of each connecting shaft, the upper end of the power shaft is connected to the descaling drive motor, the lower end of the power shaft is connected to each connecting shaft, the power shafts of the two rotating parts rotate inward toward each other, and the rotation direction of the descaling springs on the two rotating parts is opposite to the rotation direction of the power shafts in the two rotating parts.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the mounting plate is connected to multiple connecting shafts through the mounting holes, the connection process is simple and the operation is convenient, and after the multiple connecting shafts are connected to the mounting plate, the mounting plate and the connecting shaft will not generate relative rotational movement, so that the mounting plate can always be driven to rotate when the rotating part rotates, so that the descaling spring connected to the mounting plate always rotates with the rotating part, effectively improving the reliability of the descaling operation, and the power shaft rotates inwardly towards each other under the drive of the driving motor, thereby driving the descaling springs on the two rotating parts, and when the fish to be descaled passes between the flexible descaling spring structures at the lower ends of the two power shafts, the descaling springs on both sides of the fish body continuously rotate and remove the scales on the fish body through the hook at the end of the extension part, and the rotation direction of the descaling spring is opposite to the rotation direction of the power shaft connected thereto, so that the extension part of the descaling spring is subjected to the reverse pulling force of the fish scales and becomes tighter and tighter, so that the pulling force of the hook of the descaling spring on the fish scales becomes greater and greater, so that the fish scales can be smoothly detached from the fish body, further enhancing the descaling effect.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the clamping and conveying device includes a support plate for supporting the fish and two clamping and conveying mechanisms located on both sides of the support plate for clamping and conveying both sides of the fish body, the clamping and conveying mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a clamping drive motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, a plurality of conveying gear discs are provided on the rotating shaft, the conveying gear discs on each rotating shaft are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft, the diameter of the conveying gear discs on each rotating shaft decreases successively from top to bottom, and the rotating shafts of the two clamping mechanisms are driven by the clamping drive motor to rotate relative to each other.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the clamping and conveying device uses two clamping and conveying mechanisms to clamp the fish from both sides of the fish body and convey it forward. The two clamping and conveying mechanisms use the clamping drive motor to drive the two rotating shafts to rotate relative to each other, thereby respectively driving the conveying toothed discs on the two rotating shafts to rotate relative to each other, and the fish is clamped and conveyed by the relative rotation of the conveying toothed discs. The diameter of the conveying toothed discs on each rotating shaft decreases from top to bottom, so that an inverted "V"-shaped clamping space is formed between the two rotating shafts, and the inverted "V" shape is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the upper end of the fish. Therefore, the contact area with the fish is larger during transportation, and the conveying effect is better. In addition, since the inverted "V"-shaped clamping space becomes narrower as it goes up, the fish will be continuously squeezed downward by the upper conveying toothed disc during the process of forward transportation, and the fish can be longitudinally compressed, thereby ensuring that the cutting position of fish of different sizes can always keep in contact with the cutting knife disc in the fish processing device during transportation, effectively improving the reliability of clamping and conveying. The present invention is further configured as follows: the clamping and conveying device and the fish body descaling device are respectively connected to the frame through a flexible adjustment mechanism, the flexible adjustment mechanism includes a sliding seat 1 and a sliding seat 2, the sliding seat 1 and the sliding seat 2 are both slidably connected to a transverse adjustment rod 1 and a transverse adjustment rod 2 which are parallel to each other, both ends of the transverse adjustment rod 1 and the transverse adjustment rod 2 are connected to the frame body, a tensioning spring is provided between one end of the transverse adjustment rod 1 and the transverse adjustment rod 2 and the sliding seat 1, and between the other end of the transverse adjustment rod 1 and the transverse adjustment rod 2 and the sliding seat 2, the two clamping and conveying mechanisms in the clamping and conveying device and the two rotating parts in the fish body descaling device are respectively fixed on the sliding seat 1 and the sliding seat 2 of the corresponding flexible adjustment mechanism.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the two clamping conveying mechanisms in the clamping conveying device and the two rotating parts in the fish body descaling device are respectively fixed on the sliding seat 1 and the sliding seat 2 of the corresponding flexible adjustment mechanism, so that after fish of different sizes enter between the two clamping conveying mechanisms of the clamping conveying device and the two rotating parts of the soft descaling device, the sliding seat 1 and the sliding seat 2 are moved to appropriate positions by utilizing the size of the fish itself, ensuring that the two clamping conveying mechanisms of the clamping conveying device and the two rotating parts of the soft descaling device can always be tightly attached to the two sides of the fish body, thereby realizing automatic clamping, conveying and descaling operations for fish of different sizes.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the support plate is provided with an adjusting groove extending and penetrating along the conveying direction, the adjusting groove is located in the middle of the two clamping and conveying mechanisms, a height adjustment mechanism for adjusting the height of the fish is arranged in the adjusting groove, the height adjustment mechanism comprises a height adjustment plate perpendicular to the support plate, the height adjustment plate comprises a transverse supporting portion, one end of the transverse supporting portion is rotatably connected to the support plate, a downwardly extending convex portion is provided in the middle portion of the transverse supporting portion, the convex portion abuts against the upper surface of the driving block below the height adjustment plate, the upper surface of the driving block is an inclined surface, the driving block is fixed to one end of a horizontally arranged adjusting shaft, the adjusting shaft is threadedly connected to a horizontal threaded sleeve fixed below the frame body, and the other end of the adjusting shaft is provided with an adjusting handle for rotating the adjusting shaft.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the transverse support part of the height adjustment plate in the height adjustment device rotates around one end which is rotatably connected to the support plate, the height of the other end thereof will increase or decrease, thereby increasing or decreasing the top height of the transverse support part in the height adjustment plate for supporting and limiting the fish, thereby realizing the adjustment of the sectioning position of the fish to meet the requirements of different sectioning depths. The adjustment shaft drives the driving block to move horizontally to make the different height positions of the top inclined surface of the driving block collide with the convex part below the transverse support part in the height adjustment plate, thereby realizing the height adjustment of one end of the transverse support part in the height adjustment plate for supporting the fish. The adjustment process is simple and the operation is convenient.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the cutting device comprises a cutting disc, the cutting disc is located between two clamping and conveying mechanisms below the clamping and conveying device, and the cutting disc is driven by a cutting motor.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the cutting motor drives the cutting disc to rotate at a high speed, the blade of the cutting disc is inserted into the fish body to realize automatic cutting, and the cutting process is simple, replacing manual operation.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the discharging device comprises guide plates located at both sides of the conveying end of the compacting conveying device and a discharging port located on the frame, and the guide plates are fixed at both sides of the discharging port.

By adopting the above technical solution, the discharge port is used to automatically discharge the processed fish, and the guide plates on both sides are used to limit the position of the fish, so that the cut fish can be accurately discharged from the discharge port.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention performs feeding operations according to fish of different sizes through a self-adjusting feeding device, and performs scales on the abdomen and back of the fish through a dorsal descaling device, so that the fish scales on the abdomen and back of the fish are completely removed. At the same time, the dorsal descaling device continuously pushes the fish forward during the descaling process, so that the fish enters a compacting and conveying device, and the compacting and conveying device compacts the fish from both sides of the fish body and then continues to convey it forward, so that the fish passes through the fish body descaling device and the cutting device in turn, thereby performing descaling operations and cutting operations on both sides of the fish body in turn. The self-adjusting feeding device, the dorsal descaling device, the compacting and conveying device, and the fish body descaling device can all adapt to the descaling and cutting processing of fish of different sizes, with a high degree of automation, thorough descaling, little damage to the fish, and good processing quality.

2. The self-adjusting feeding device of the present invention uses the upper guide trough and the lower guide trough to limit the fish from the abdomen and back of the fish when feeding. The upper guide trough and the lower guide trough are both V-shaped structures, which are similar to the cross-sectional shapes of the abdomen and back of the fish, so that after the fish comes out from one side of the outlet of the upper guide trough and the lower guide trough, its abdomen and back are always distributed up and down, which is convenient for the abdomen and back descaling mechanism to descale the abdomen and back of the fish. In addition, the upper guide trough is connected to the frame through a movable mounting frame, so there is a movable space between the upper guide trough and the lower guide trough, so that it can adapt to fish of different sizes, and the adaptability of the equipment is better.

3. The upper scaling roller in the belly and back descaling device of the present invention rotates under the drive of the belly and back descaling motor, so that the fish can continue to move forward after entering between the scaling roller and the descaling roller, so that the belly and back of the fish can fully contact with the scaling roller and the descaling roller, which greatly improves the effect of descaling the belly and back of the fish. At the same time, the scaling roller and the descaling roller use the belly and back descaling brushes on the surface to descale the belly and back of the fish, which solves the technical problem of the difficulty in descaling the belly and back of the fish in the prior art, and the scaling roller is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame, so that the scaling roller and the upper guide trough rise or fall synchronously, thereby realizing the descaling operation of fish of different sizes.

4. The belly and back scaling device of the present invention can also use a flexible scaling device to perform scaling operations on the belly and back of the fish, that is, the flexible scaling device is used to elastically contact the belly and back of the fish to achieve scaling operations. Compared with the belly and back scaling brush, it is easier to adapt to the shapes of fish of different sizes and shapes, and the bristles will not be worn or broken during long-term use, so the scaling effect is better and the service life is longer.

5. The descaling springs in the two rotating parts of the fish body descaling device of the present invention remove the scales on the fish body by continuous rotation. When the two rotating parts rotate relative to each other, the disc-shaped spiral descaling spring is driven to rotate, so that the extension part of the descaling spring at one end away from the center rotates synchronously with the rotating part. During the rotation, the hook part at the end of the extension part gradually approaches the fish body and reversely inserts into the fish scales and continues to rotate with the fish scales until the fish scales are separated from the fish body. The elasticity of the descaling spring itself is utilized to make the hook part at the end of the extension part and the fish body in flexible contact, which can effectively reduce the probability of fish meat damage and effectively ensure the quality of fish processing. At the same time, the hook part at the end of the extension part can adapt to fish of different sizes during the rotation process and always fits the shape of the fish body, thereby effectively ensuring the descaling effect.

6. The present invention uses a height adjustment mechanism to adjust the height of the fish from the cutting position of the fish, thereby realizing the adjustment of the relative height between the cutting position of the fish and the cutting knife disc in the fish processing device, thereby meeting the height requirements of different cutting depths and further improving the versatility of the equipment. When the transverse support part of the height adjustment plate in the height adjustment device rotates around one end rotatably connected to the support plate, the height of the other end thereof will increase or decrease, thereby increasing or decreasing the top height of the transverse support part in the height adjustment plate for supporting and limiting the fish, thereby realizing the adjustment of the cutting position of the fish to meet the requirements of different cutting depths. The adjustment shaft drives the driving block to move horizontally to make the different height positions of the top inclined surface of the driving block collide with the convex part below the transverse support part in the height adjustment plate, thereby realizing the height adjustment of one end of the transverse support part in the height adjustment plate for supporting the fish. The adjustment process is simple and the operation is convenient.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a flexible descaling and cutting machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side schematic diagram of a flexible descaling and cutting machine according to the present invention.

FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A of FIG2 .

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a clamping and conveying mechanism in a compacting and conveying device in a flexible descaling and cutting machine according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the working state of two rotating parts in a fish body descaling device in a flexible descaling and cutting machine of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of a rotating portion in a fish body descaling device in a flexible descaling and cutting machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible adjustment mechanism in a flexible descaling and cutting machine according to the present invention.

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support plate in a compacting and conveying device in a flexible descaling and cutting machine according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1, frame; 2, self-adjusting feeding device; 201, upper guide trough; 202, lower guide trough; 203, movable mounting frame; 204, guide rod; 205, adjusting spring; 3, dorsal descaling device; 301, descaling roller; 302, descaling roller; 303, dorsal descaling brush; 304, transmission chain; 305, dorsal descaling motor; 4, pressing and conveying device; 401, support plate; 402, clamping and conveying mechanism; 403, rotating shaft; 404, pressing and driving motor; 405, conveying gear disc; 406, adjusting trough; 5, fish body descaling device; 501, rotating part; 502, descaling spring; 503, mounting plate; 504, extension part; 505, hook 506, connecting shaft; 507, mounting hole; 508, descaling drive motor; 509, mounting groove; 510, power shaft; 511, spacer; 6, cutting device; 601, cutting knife disc; 602, cutting motor; 7, discharging device; 702, guide plate; 701, discharging port; 8, flexible adjustment mechanism; 801, sliding seat one; 802, sliding seat two; 803, lateral adjustment rod one; 804, lateral adjustment rod two; 805, tensioning spring; 9, height adjustment mechanism; 901, height adjustment plate; 902, lateral support; 903, convex part; 904, driving block; 905, adjustment shaft; 906, adjustment handle; 907, horizontal threaded sleeve.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a flexible scaling and cutting machine includes a frame 1, on which a self-adjusting feeding device 2, a dorsal scaling device 3, a pressing and conveying device 4, a fish body scaling device 5, a cutting device 6 and a discharging device 7 are respectively provided. The self-adjusting feeding device 2 is located on one side of the frame 1, the dorsal scaling device 3 is located on the outlet side of the self-adjusting feeding device 2, the pressing and conveying device 4 is located on the outlet side of the dorsal scaling device 3, the fish body scaling device 5 and the cutting device 6 are sequentially arranged in the conveying area of the pressing and conveying device 4 along the conveying direction, and the discharging device 7 is located at the conveying end of the pressing and conveying device 4.

Further, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the self-adjusting feeding device 2 includes an upper material guide trough 201 and a lower material guide trough 202, both of which are V-shaped structures, and the V-shaped openings of the upper material guide trough 201 and the lower material guide trough 202 are opposite, and the lower material guide trough 202 is fixed on the frame 1, and the upper material guide trough 201 is fixedly connected to the movable mounting frame 203, and the two ends of the movable mounting frame 203 are respectively longitudinally arranged on the guide rods 204 on both sides of the frame 1 for sliding cooperation, and an adjusting spring 205 is provided between the upper end of the movable mounting frame 203 and the frame 1 and between the lower end of the movable mounting frame 203 and the frame 1, and the adjusting spring 205 is respectively sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the guide rods 204 on both sides.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the dorsal descaling device 3 comprises a descaling roller 301 and a descaling roller 302 respectively positioned opposite to the upper material guide trough 201 and the lower material guide trough 202, the surfaces of the descaling roller 301 and the descaling roller 302 are both provided with a dorsal descaling brush 303 for descaling, the descaling roller 301 is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame 203 via a bearing seat, both ends of the descaling roller 302 are rotatably connected to the frame 1 below the descaling roller 301 via a bearing seat, and one end of the descaling roller 301 is connected to a dorsal descaling motor 305 fixed on the movable mounting frame 203 via a transmission chain 304;

Alternatively, the dorsal descaling device 3 includes a laterally arranged flexible descaling device, wherein the two rotating parts 501 of the flexible descaling device in the dorsal descaling device 3 are laterally arranged in parallel, and the two rotating parts 501 of the flexible descaling device in the dorsal descaling device 3 are respectively opposite to the upper material guide trough 201 and the lower material guide trough 202, the rotating part 501 opposite to the upper material guide trough 201 is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame 203, and is rotatably connected to the frame 1 below the rotating part 501 opposite to the lower material guide trough 202, and the two rotating parts 501 are driven to rotate relative to each other by the dorsal descaling motor 305.

Furthermore, the fish body descaling device 5 includes a flexible descaling device arranged longitudinally, and the two rotating parts 501 of the flexible descaling device in the fish body descaling device 5 are arranged longitudinally in parallel. The flexible descaling device also includes a plurality of disc-shaped spiral descaling springs 502 arranged on the two rotating parts 501, and the end of the descaling spring 502 close to the center is connected to the rotating part 501 through a mounting plate 503, and a spacer sleeve 511 is also provided between two adjacent descaling springs 502. The end of the descaling spring 502 away from the center is provided with an extension part 504 extending along the tangent direction of the outermost circle of the descaling spring 502, and the end of the extension part 504 is provided with a hook part 505 perpendicular to the extension direction and extending toward the side away from the center of the circle.

Further, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, the rotating part 501 includes a plurality of parallel connecting shafts 506, the mounting plate 503 is provided with mounting holes 507 matching the number and diameter of the connecting shafts 506 and a mounting groove 509 matching the end of the descaling spring 502 close to the center, the mounting plate 503 is connected to the connecting shafts 506 through the mounting holes 507, the rotating part 501 also includes a power shaft 510, the axis of the power shaft 510 is parallel to the axis of each connecting shaft 506, the upper end of the power shaft 510 is connected to the descaling drive motor 508, and the lower end of the power shaft 510 is connected to each connecting shaft 506, the power shafts 510 of the two rotating parts 501 rotate inwardly towards each other, and the rotation direction of the descaling springs 502 on the two rotating parts 501 is opposite to the rotation direction of the power shafts 510 in the two rotating parts 501.

Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the clamping and conveying device 4 includes a support plate 401 for supporting the fish and two clamping and conveying mechanisms 402 located on both sides of the support plate 401 for clamping and conveying both sides of the fish body, the clamping and conveying mechanism 402 includes a rotating shaft 403 and a clamping drive motor 404 for driving the rotating shaft 403 to rotate, a plurality of conveying toothed discs 405 are provided on the rotating shaft 403, and the conveying toothed discs 405 on each rotating shaft 403 are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 403, and the diameter of the conveying toothed discs 405 on each rotating shaft 403 decreases successively from top to bottom, and the rotating shafts 403 of the two clamping mechanisms are driven by the clamping drive motor 404 to rotate relative to each other. Further, as shown in Figures 1 and 7, the clamping and conveying device 4 and the fish body descaling device 5 are respectively connected to the frame 1 through a flexible adjustment mechanism 8, and the flexible adjustment mechanism 8 includes a sliding seat 1 801 and a sliding seat 2 802, and the sliding seat 1 801 and the sliding seat 2 802 are both slidably connected to a transverse adjustment rod 1 803 and a transverse adjustment rod 2 804 which are parallel to each other, and both ends of the transverse adjustment rod 1 803 and the transverse adjustment rod 2 804 are connected to the frame body, and a tensioning spring 805 is provided between one end of the transverse adjustment rod 1 803 and the transverse adjustment rod 2 804 and the sliding seat 1 801, and between the other end of the transverse adjustment rod 1 803 and the transverse adjustment rod 2 804 and the sliding seat 2 802, and the two clamping and conveying mechanisms 402 in the clamping and conveying device 4 and the two rotating parts 501 in the fish body descaling device 5 are respectively fixed on the sliding seat 1 801 and the sliding seat 2 802 of the corresponding flexible adjustment mechanism 8.

Further, as shown in Figure 8, the support plate 401 is provided with an adjustment groove 406 extending and penetrating along the conveying direction, the adjustment groove 406 is located in the middle of the two clamping conveying mechanisms 402, and a height adjustment mechanism 9 for adjusting the height of the fish is arranged in the adjustment groove 406, the height adjustment mechanism 9 includes a height adjustment plate 901 perpendicular to the support plate 401, the height adjustment plate 901 includes a transverse support portion 902, one end of the transverse support portion 902 is rotatably connected to the support plate 401, and a downwardly extending convex portion 903 is provided in the middle of the transverse support portion 902, the convex portion 903 is in conflict with the upper surface of the driving block 904 below the height adjustment plate 901, the upper surface of the driving block 904 is an inclined surface, the driving block 904 is fixed to one end of a horizontally arranged adjustment shaft 905, the adjustment shaft 905 is threadedly connected to a horizontal threaded sleeve 907 fixed below the frame body, and the other end of the adjustment shaft 905 is provided with an adjustment handle 906 for rotating the adjustment shaft 905.

Furthermore, the cutting device 6 includes a cutting blade disc 601 , which is located between two clamping and conveying mechanisms 402 below the clamping and conveying device 4 , and is driven by a cutting motor 602 .

Furthermore, the discharging device 7 includes guide plates 702 located at both sides of the conveying end of the compacting conveying device 4 and a discharging port 701 located on the frame 1 , and the guide plates 702 are fixed at both sides of the discharging port 701 .

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: after the fish to be processed is placed in the self-adjusting feeding device 2, the fish enters between the upper guide trough 201 and the lower guide trough 202 of the self-adjusting feeding device 2, and is descaled through the belly and back descaling device 3, so that the fish scales on the belly and back of the fish are cleanly removed. The belly and back descaling device 3 continuously pushes the fish forward during the descaling process, so that the fish enters the compacting and conveying device 4, and the compacting and conveying device 4 compacts the fish from both sides of the fish body and continues to convey it forward, so that the fish passes through the fish body descaling device 5 and the cutting device 6 in turn, thereby realizing the descaling operation on both sides of the fish body and the cutting operation in turn. The self-adjusting feeding device 2, the belly and back descaling device 3, the compacting and conveying device 4 and the fish body descaling device 5 can all adapt to the descaling and cutting processing of fish of different sizes, with a high degree of automation, thorough descaling, little damage to the fish, and good processing quality.

Claims

A flexible descaling and cutting machine, characterized in that it comprises a frame (1), on which a self-adjusting feeding device (2), a dorsal descaling device (3), a pressing and conveying device (4), a fish body descaling device (5), a cutting device (6) and a discharging device (7) are respectively provided, wherein the self-adjusting feeding device (2) is located on one side of the frame (1), the dorsal descaling device (3) is located on the outlet side of the self-adjusting feeding device (2), the pressing and conveying device (4) is located on the outlet side of the dorsal descaling device (3), the fish body descaling device (5) and the cutting device (6) are sequentially arranged in the conveying area of the pressing and conveying device (4) along the conveying direction, and the discharging device (7) is located at the conveying end of the pressing and conveying device (4).
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-adjusting feeding device (2) comprises an upper material guide trough (201) and a lower material guide trough (202), the upper material guide trough (201) and the lower material guide trough (202) are both V-shaped structures, the V-shaped openings of the upper material guide trough (201) and the lower material guide trough (202) are opposite, the lower material guide trough (202) is fixed on the frame (1), the upper material guide trough (201) is fixedly connected to the movable mounting frame (203), the two ends of the movable mounting frame (203) are respectively longitudinally arranged on the guide rods (204) on both sides of the frame (1) for sliding cooperation, and an adjustment spring (205) is provided between the upper end of the movable mounting frame (203) and the frame (1) and between the lower end of the movable mounting frame (203) and the frame (1), and the adjustment spring (205) is respectively sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the guide rods (204) on both sides.
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the dorsal descaling device (3) comprises a descaling roller (301) and a descaling roller (302) respectively positioned opposite to the upper material guide trough (201) and the lower material guide trough (202), the surfaces of the descaling roller (301) and the descaling roller (302) are both provided with a dorsal descaling brush (303) for descaling, the descaling roller (301) is rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame (203) through a bearing seat, the two ends of the descaling roller (302) are rotatably connected to the frame (1) below the descaling roller (301) through the bearing seat, and one end of the descaling roller (301) is connected to a dorsal descaling motor (305) fixed on the movable mounting frame (203) through a transmission chain (304);

Alternatively, the dorsal descaling device (3) comprises a flexible descaling device arranged transversely, wherein the two rotating parts (501) of the flexible descaling device in the dorsal descaling device (3) are arranged transversely and in parallel, and the two rotating parts (501) of the flexible descaling device in the dorsal descaling device (3) are respectively located opposite to the upper material guide trough (201) and the lower material guide trough (202), the rotating part (501) located opposite to the upper material guide trough (201) is rotationally connected to the movable mounting frame (203), and is rotationally connected to the frame (1) below the rotating part (501) located opposite to the lower material guide trough (202), and the two rotating parts (501) are driven to rotate relative to each other by the dorsal descaling motor (305).
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fish body descaling device (5) includes a flexible descaling device arranged longitudinally, and the two rotating parts (501) of the flexible descaling device in the fish body descaling device (5) are arranged longitudinally in parallel, and the flexible descaling device also includes a plurality of disc-shaped spiral descaling springs (502) arranged on the two rotating parts (501), and the end of the descaling spring (502) close to the center is connected to the rotating part (501) through a mounting plate (503), and a spacer (511) is further provided between two adjacent descaling springs (502), and the end of the descaling spring (502) away from the center is provided with an extension part (504) extending along the tangent direction of the outermost circle of the descaling spring (502), and the end of the extension part (504) is provided with a hook part (505) perpendicular to the extension direction and extending to the side away from the center.
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the rotating part (501) includes a plurality of parallel connecting shafts (506), the mounting plate (503) is provided with mounting holes (507) matching the number and diameter of the connecting shafts (506) and a mounting groove (509) matching the end of the descaling spring (502) close to the center, the mounting plate (503) is connected to the connecting shaft (506) through the mounting holes (507), and the rotating part (501) also includes a power shaft (506). 10), the axis of the power shaft (510) is parallel to the axis of each connecting shaft (506), the upper end of the power shaft (510) is connected to the descaling drive motor (508), the lower end of the power shaft (510) is connected to each connecting shaft (506), the power shafts (510) of the two rotating parts (501) rotate inwardly towards each other, and the rotation direction of the descaling springs (502) on the two rotating parts (501) is opposite to the rotation direction of the power shafts (510) in the two rotating parts (501).
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping and conveying device (4) includes a support plate (401) for supporting the fish and two clamping and conveying mechanisms (402) located on both sides of the support plate (401) for clamping and conveying both sides of the fish body, the clamping and conveying mechanism (402) includes a rotating shaft (403) and a clamping drive motor (404) for driving the rotating shaft (403) to rotate, a plurality of conveying toothed discs (405) are provided on the rotating shaft (403), the conveying toothed discs (405) on each rotating shaft (403) are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft (403), the diameter of the conveying toothed discs (405) on each rotating shaft (403) decreases from top to bottom, and the rotating shafts (403) of the two clamping mechanisms are driven by the clamping drive motor (404) to rotate relative to each other.
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: the pressing and conveying device (4) and the fish body descaling device (5) are respectively connected to the frame (1) through a flexible adjustment mechanism (8), and the flexible adjustment mechanism (8) includes a sliding seat 1 (801) and a sliding seat 2 (802), and the sliding seat 1 (801) and the sliding seat 2 (802) are both slidably connected to a lateral adjustment rod 1 (803) and a lateral adjustment rod 2 (804) parallel to each other, and the two ends of the lateral adjustment rod 1 (803) and the lateral adjustment rod 2 (804) are connected to each other. Both ends are connected to the frame, and tensioning springs (805) are provided between one end of the lateral adjustment rod 1 (803) and the lateral adjustment rod 2 (804) and the sliding seat 1 (801), as well as between the other end of the lateral adjustment rod 1 (803) and the lateral adjustment rod 2 (804) and the sliding seat 2 (802). The two clamping conveying mechanisms (402) in the clamping conveying device (4) and the two rotating parts (501) in the fish body descaling device (5) are respectively fixed on the sliding seat 1 (801) and the sliding seat 2 (802) of the corresponding flexible adjustment mechanism (8).
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the support plate (401) is provided with an adjustment groove (406) extending and penetrating along the conveying direction, the adjustment groove (406) is located between the two clamping conveying mechanisms (402), and a height adjustment mechanism (9) for adjusting the height of the fish is arranged in the adjustment groove (406), and the height adjustment mechanism (9) includes a height adjustment plate (901) perpendicular to the support plate (401), and the height adjustment plate (901) includes The invention comprises a transverse support part (902), one end of which is rotatably connected to the support plate (401), a convex part (903) extending downward is provided in the middle of the transverse support part (902), the convex part (903) abuts against the upper surface of a driving block (904) below the height adjustment plate (901), the upper surface of the driving block (904) is an inclined surface, the driving block (904) is fixed to one end of a horizontally arranged adjustment shaft (905), the adjustment shaft (905) is threadedly connected to a horizontal threaded sleeve (907) fixed below the frame body, and the other end of the adjustment shaft (905) is provided with an adjustment handle (906) for rotating the adjustment shaft (905).
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting device (6) includes a cutting disc (601), the cutting disc (601) is located between two clamping and conveying mechanisms (402) below the clamping and conveying device (4), and the cutting disc (601) is driven by a cutting motor (602).
A flexible descaling and cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge device (7) includes guide plates (702) located on both sides of the conveying end of the compacting conveying device (4) and a discharge port (701) located on the frame (1), and the guide plates (702) are fixed on both sides of the discharge port (701).