WO2024103607A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2024103607A1
WO2024103607A1 PCT/CN2023/085732 CN2023085732W WO2024103607A1 WO 2024103607 A1 WO2024103607 A1 WO 2024103607A1 CN 2023085732 W CN2023085732 W CN 2023085732W WO 2024103607 A1 WO2024103607 A1 WO 2024103607A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
cholesteric liquid
display device
crystal layer
equal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/085732
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓茜
程薇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US18/250,988 priority Critical patent/US12158643B2/en
Publication of WO2024103607A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024103607A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display device.
  • the display device with an anti-peeping function can prevent others within the viewing angle of the display device from viewing the screen content, while providing the target user with content readability at a protected viewing angle.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a display device to solve the problem that the display brightness of a conventional anti-peeping display device is greatly reduced at a normal viewing angle.
  • a display device having an anti-peeping mode comprising:
  • a dimming device the dimming device is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, the dimming device
  • the device includes a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer includes cholesteric liquid crystal, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a reflective state;
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer when the display device is in the anti-peeping mode, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is in the reflective state, and the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of visible light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode, and the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode is less than the maximum value of the reflectivity of visible light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode, the incident angle is defined as the angle between the incident direction and the spiral axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state, and the spiral axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal
  • half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is less than or equal to 15%.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state has a maximum reflectivity at a wavelength greater than or equal to 760 nanometers and less than or equal to 900 nanometers for infrared light vertically incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.
  • the helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal in the reflective state is greater than or equal to 460 nanometers and less than or equal to 600 nanometers.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal includes 10%-15% of chiral additives by weight.
  • the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to green light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is greater than the reflectivity to blue light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the display device further has a sharing mode, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer further has a transparent state;
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer when the display device is in the sharing mode, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is in a transparent state.
  • the display device further has an enhanced sharing mode, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer further has a haze state;
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is in a foggy state.
  • the dimming device further includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer;
  • the absolute value of the first voltage difference is smaller than the absolute value of the third voltage difference, and the absolute value of the third voltage difference is smaller than the absolute value of the second voltage difference.
  • a display device having an anti-peeping mode comprising a liquid crystal display panel and a dimming device, wherein the dimming device is located on a light incident side of the liquid crystal display panel, and the dimming device comprises:
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal layer includes cholesteric liquid crystals, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a reflective state;
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer when the display device is in the anti-peeping mode, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is in the reflective state, and the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of visible light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode, and the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode is less than the maximum value of the reflectivity of visible light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode, the incident angle is defined as the angle between the incident direction and the spiral axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state, and the spiral axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal
  • the display device further includes a backlight module, the dimming device is located between the liquid crystal display panel and the backlight module, and the backlight module is used to emit backlight.
  • the present application provides a display device, wherein a dimming device is arranged on a light-emitting side of a display panel, the dimming device comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a reflective state, the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of a visible angle in an anti-peeping mode is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of the visible light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode, the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode is less than the maximum value of the reflectivity of the visible light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of visible light, the incident angle is defined as the angle between the incident direction and the spiral axis of the
  • the transmittance of visible light emitted by the display panel with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is small in the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer, resulting in a decrease in the brightness of the picture displayed by the display device at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the visible light in the ambient light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode has a large reflectivity in the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer
  • the visible light in the ambient light with a large reflectivity causes brightness interference to the picture displayed by the display device at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode, thereby reducing the readability of the content, thereby enabling the display device to achieve a four-way anti-peeping effect at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode.
  • FIG1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in an anti-peeping mode according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in a sharing mode according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in an enhanced sharing mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a reflective state reflecting incident light
  • FIG5 is a reflection spectrum of a cholesteric liquid crystal including 11% chiral additive and 89% nematic liquid crystal, when the average refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is 1.57 and the helical pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is 509 nanometers under the illumination of a D65 light source;
  • FIG6 (A) shows the reflection effect at a viewing angle of 0 when the display device shown in FIG1 is not working.
  • FIG6 (B) shows the reflection effect at a viewing angle of 35 degrees when the display device shown in FIG1 is not working
  • FIG7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in another embodiment of the present application when in an anti-peeping mode
  • FIG8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in a sharing mode according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in an enhanced sharing mode according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in an anti-peeping mode according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in a sharing mode according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device in an enhanced sharing mode according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the display device 100 can be applied to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer screen, a desktop monitor, a car display screen, etc.
  • the display device 100 has an anti-peeping mode, a sharing mode, and an enhanced sharing mode, and the display device 100 can dynamically switch between the anti-peeping mode, the sharing mode, and the enhanced sharing mode.
  • the anti-peeping mode is a narrow viewing angle mode
  • the sharing mode and the enhanced sharing mode are both wide viewing angle sharing modes.
  • the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode is 2 ⁇ , and 2 ⁇ is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, so as to meet the viewing angle requirements of the target user in the anti-peeping mode while ensuring that the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode has an anti-peeping effect at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle.
  • the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode may also be greater than or equal to 4 degrees and less than or equal to 50 degrees, or the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode may also be greater than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees, or the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode may also be greater than or equal to 16 degrees and less than or equal to 36 degrees, or the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode may also be greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.
  • the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode may be 60 degrees, 50 degrees, 40 degrees, 30 degrees, 20 degrees, 16 degrees or 12 degrees.
  • the viewing angle refers to the angle at which the content displayed by the display device 100 can be clearly seen.
  • the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode is 2 ⁇
  • the content displayed by the display device 100 can be clearly seen within a viewing angle range of half the viewing angle 2 ⁇ on both sides of the normal line deviating from the display surface.
  • half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is ⁇
  • half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.
  • the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the sharing mode is greater than the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode
  • the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the enhanced sharing mode is greater than the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the sharing mode.
  • the display device 100 includes a display panel 10 and a dimming device 20 .
  • the dimming device 20 is located at the light emitting side of the display panel 10 .
  • the display panel 10 is a liquid crystal display panel, but is not limited thereto.
  • the display panel 10 may also be any one of an organic light emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, and a sub-millimeter light emitting diode display panel.
  • the display panel 10 is a common liquid crystal display panel, in other words, the display panel 10 includes an array substrate 101, an opposing substrate 102, and a liquid crystal layer 103 disposed between the array substrate 101 and the opposing substrate 102. It is understandable that the display panel 10 may also be a field sequential liquid crystal display panel.
  • the array substrate 101 may include a driving circuit and a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode is connected to the driving circuit, and the opposing substrate 102 may include a color filter layer and a common electrode, the common electrode and the pixel electrode are arranged opposite to each other; or, the array substrate 101 may also include a driving circuit, a pixel electrode and a common electrode, the pixel electrode is electrically connected to the driving circuit, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are used to form a horizontal electric field, and the opposing substrate 102 may include a color filter layer; or, The array substrate 101 may also include a driving circuit, a pixel electrode, a common electrode and a color filter layer. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to the driving circuit, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are used to form a horizontal electric field.
  • the display device 100 when the display panel 10 is a liquid crystal display panel, the display device 100 further includes a backlight module 30, which is located on a side of the display panel 10 away from the dimming device 20.
  • the backlight module 30 is used to emit a backlight B, which is incident on the display panel 10 and then emitted by the display panel 10 for display.
  • the backlight module 30 may be a direct-type backlight module, or the backlight module 30 may be an edge-type backlight module.
  • the display panel 10 is an organic light-emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot display panel, a micro light-emitting diode display panel, or a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode display panel, the display panel 10 does not need to be provided with a backlight module 30.
  • the dimming device 20 includes a first transparent substrate 201, a second transparent substrate 202, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203, a first electrode layer 204, and a second electrode layer 205.
  • the first transparent substrate 201 and the second transparent substrate 202 are arranged opposite to each other, the first electrode layer 204 is arranged on the surface of the first transparent substrate 201 close to the second transparent substrate 202, the second electrode layer 205 is arranged on the surface of the second transparent substrate 202 close to the first transparent substrate 201, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is arranged between the first electrode layer 204 and the second electrode layer 205.
  • the first transparent substrate 201 and the second transparent substrate 202 are both transparent glass substrates, but are not limited thereto, and both may also be transparent polymer substrates.
  • the first electrode layer 204 and the second electrode layer 205 are both transparent electrode layers, and both include transparent conductive materials, such as indium zinc oxide or indium tin oxide.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 includes a cholesteric liquid crystal 2031.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is composed of The mixture of nematic liquid crystal and chiral additive.
  • the chiral additive is a left-handed chiral additive
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal is a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal.
  • the chiral additive is a right-handed chiral additive
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal is a right-handed cholesteric liquid crystal.
  • the chiral additive can be selected from existing common chiral additives.
  • the average refractive index n of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.6.
  • the average refractive index n of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 can be 1.51, 1.52, 1.53, 1.55, 1.57, 1.59 or 1.6.
  • the voltage difference between the first electrode layer 204 and the second electrode layer 205 is adjusted to enable the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 to dynamically switch between the reflective state, the foggy state and the transparent state.
  • the display device when the display device is in the anti-peeping mode, there is a first voltage difference V1 between the first electrode layer 204 and the second electrode layer 205, and the absolute value of the first voltage difference V1 is 0 or approaches 0.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is not affected by the electric field, and the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is in a planar texture state.
  • the long axis of each layer of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is parallel to the plane of the layer.
  • the spiral axis I of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 201 and the second transparent substrate 202 and parallel to the thickness direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is in a reflective state, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is sensitive to light of different incident angles and different wavelengths. Reflect selectively.
  • the long axis arrangement of the cholesteric liquid crystals 2031 of different layers rotates 360 degrees along the spiral axis I and then returns to the initial orientation.
  • This periodic interlayer spacing is called the spiral pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031.
  • the display device 100 is in an anti-peeping mode, which is beneficial to saving power consumption of the display device.
  • the incident angle ⁇ is defined as the angle between the incident direction of the incident light and the helical axis I of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a selective reflection characteristic for both the incident angle ⁇ and the incident wavelength ⁇ , and by adjusting the concentration of the chiral additive in the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 to control the half pitch P of the cholesteric liquid crystal, the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 to infrared light is maximized when the incident angle ⁇ is 0 degrees. As the incident angle ⁇ gradually increases to 90 degrees, the wavelength ⁇ of the incident light with the maximum reflectivity gradually decreases. The incident light with the highest reflectivity at a specific incident angle between greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees is converted from infrared light to visible light.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 reflects infrared light with an incident angle less than or equal to the specific incident angle and has a higher transmittance to other light such as visible light.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 reflects visible light with an incident angle greater than the specific incident angle and has a higher transmittance to other light such as infrared light.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of visible light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, so that the visible light emitted by the display panel 10 with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode has a higher transmittance in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state, so as to ensure the display brightness of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode within the viewing angle range of 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, thereby ensuring that the picture displayed by the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode is visible within the viewing angle range of 2 ⁇ .
  • the maximum reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is lower than the maximum reflectivity of the visible light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, so that the visible light emitted by the display panel 10 with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode has a lower transmittance in the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203, and the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode has a darker display brightness at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, resulting in reduced readability of the content of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, thereby enabling the display device 100 to achieve anti-peeping at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in
  • the display device 100 in the reflective state The maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is lower than the maximum value of the reflectivity to visible light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode. This also makes the ambient visible light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode have a higher reflectivity on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state.
  • the reflected ambient visible light interferes with the visible light emitted by the display panel 10, causing the readability of the content displayed by the display device 100 at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode to be further reduced, thereby further improving the anti-peeping effect of the display device 100 at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • FIG4 it is a schematic diagram of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state reflecting the incident light.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 to infrared light is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity to visible light.
  • the interval where the incident angle ⁇ of the incident light is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is the infrared reflection area A1 that mainly reflects infrared light.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 to visible light is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity to infrared light.
  • the interval where the incident angle ⁇ is greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode and less than or equal to 90 degrees is the visible light reflection area that mainly reflects visible light.
  • the visible light reflection area includes a red light reflection area A2, a yellow light reflection area A3, a green light reflection area A4 and a blue light reflection area A5, the red light reflection area A2 is adjacent to the infrared reflection area A1, and the incident angle interval corresponding to the red light reflection area A2 is greater than that of the green light reflection area A5.
  • the interval of incident angles corresponding to the reflection area A4 is greater than the interval of incident angles corresponding to the blue light reflection area A5
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflection state in the red light reflection area A2 to red light is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of other light
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflection state in the yellow light reflection area A3 to yellow light is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of other light
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflection state in the green light reflection area A4 to yellow light is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of other light
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflection state in the blue light reflection area A5 to blue light is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity of other light.
  • the first visible light K1 emitted by the display panel 10 with an incident angle ⁇ greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to half of the visible angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode passes through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203, thereby ensuring the brightness of the picture displayed by the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode within the range of the visible angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, and further ensuring the display effect of the display device 100 within the range of the visible angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the second visible light K2 emitted by the display panel 10 with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is reflected, so that the image displayed by the display device at an off-axis viewing angle greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode has a lower brightness and presents a dark image, thereby presenting an anti-peeping effect at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the infrared light H(R) in the ambient light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is reflected but does not affect the display effect.
  • the third visible light in the ambient light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is reflected.
  • the light H (K3) is reflected and interferes with the visible light emitted by the display panel 10, further reducing the readability of the display image at an off-axis viewing angle greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, and further improving the anti-peeping effect at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is greater than the maximum value of the reflectivity to visible light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state to infrared light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is less than the maximum value of the reflectivity to visible light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the incident angle is defined as the angle between the incident direction and the helical axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state, and the helical axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state is parallel to the thickness direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, so that the visible light emitted by the display panel with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode has a large transmittance in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in the reflective state, thereby ensuring the brightness of the picture displayed by the display device within the viewing angle range in the anti-peeping mode, and further ensuring the display effect of the display device within the viewing angle range in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the transmittance of the visible light emitted by the display panel at an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode is small in the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer, resulting in a decrease in the brightness of the image displayed by the display device at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the reflectance of the visible light in the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer is large, and the visible light in the ambient light with a large reflectance has a great influence on the display.
  • the image displayed by the device at a viewing angle greater than the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode causes brightness interference and reduces content readability, thereby enabling the display device to achieve a four-way anti-peeping effect at a viewing angle greater than the visible angle in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the maximum reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is less than or equal to 30%, which can ensure that the picture displayed by the display device within the viewing angle 2 ⁇ range in the anti-peeping mode is visible.
  • the maximum reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%, which can ensure that the picture displayed by the display device 100 at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is invisible.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is less than or equal to 15%, thereby further ensuring that the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a high transmittance to visible light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, thereby further improving the display effect of the display device in the anti-peeping mode within the viewing angle range in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ can be less than or equal to 12%; or, the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ is less than or equal to 8%.
  • the maximum reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to visible light with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ is 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 6% or 4%.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a maximum reflectivity within a wavelength band greater than or equal to 760 nanometers and less than or equal to 900 nanometers for infrared light vertically incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a reflectivity greater than or equal to 25% for infrared light vertically incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 and a reflection bandwidth greater than or equal to 100 nanometers and less than or equal to 150 nanometers.
  • the pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 in the reflective state is greater than or equal to 460 meters and less than or equal to 600 nanometers, so that the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a maximum reflectivity within a band with a wavelength greater than or equal to 760 nanometers and less than or equal to 900 nanometers for infrared light vertically incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203.
  • the pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 in the reflective state can be greater than or equal to 475 nanometers and less than or equal to 600 nanometers, or, the pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 in the reflective state can be greater than or equal to 500 nanometers and less than or equal to 580 nanometers, or, the pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 in the reflective state can be greater than or equal to 520 nanometers and less than or equal to 560 nanometers.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 includes 10%-15% chiral additives and 85%-90% nematic liquid crystals by weight, so that the helical pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 in the reflective state is greater than or equal to 460 meters and less than or equal to 600 nanometers.
  • FIG. 5 is a cholesteric liquid crystal including 11% chiral additives and 89%
  • the average refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is 1.57, and the reflection spectrum under the D65 light source when the pitch 2P of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is 509 nanometers.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflection state has a maximum reflectivity of 49.2% at a wavelength of 800 nanometers for infrared light vertically incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203, and at the same time, the reflection bandwidth with a reflectivity greater than or equal to 25% is 130 nanometers.
  • the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a greater reflectivity to green light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode than to blue light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a higher reflectivity for green light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode than for blue light with an incident angle greater than half of the visible angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the maximum value of the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to green light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is greater than 40% and less than 50%, so that the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state to green light with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode is higher.
  • the reflective cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state has a higher reflectivity for red light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode than for blue light with an incident angle ⁇ greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the display device 100 As shown in (A) of Figure 6, at a viewing angle of 0 degrees, that is, in the positive viewing direction of the display device 100, the display device 100 is transparent. The reason is that the dimming device 20 reflects the vertically incident infrared light in the ambient light, while the vertically incident visible light in the ambient light passes through the dimming device 20.
  • the display device 100 reflects red light because the dimming device 20 reflects visible red light in the ambient light in the direction of the viewing angle of 35 degrees, while the infrared light in the ambient light passes through the dimming device 20 .
  • the absolute value of the second voltage difference V2 is greater than the absolute value of the first voltage difference V1.
  • the second voltage difference V2 when the absolute value of the second voltage difference V2 is greater than or equal to 15V and less than or equal to 30V, the second voltage difference V2 is large enough so that the electric field applied to the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is large enough, the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is arranged along the direction of the electric field, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is in a transparent state, the selective reflection characteristics of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the transparent state disappear, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is transparent when observed from all directions, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the transparent state has a transmittance of visible light greater than or equal to 85%, and a haze less than or equal to 4%.
  • the display panel 10 when the display device 100 is in the sharing mode, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is in a transparent state, the display panel 10 emits a fourth visible light K4 parallel to the thickness direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 and the display panel 10 emits a fourth visible light K5 parallel to the thickness direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203.
  • the intersecting fifth visible light K5 all passes through the transparent cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203, so that the visible light emitted by the display panel 10 has a high transmittance in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203, and the display device 100 has a good display effect at a positive viewing angle of 0 degrees and an off-axis viewing angle greater than 0 degrees.
  • the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the sharing mode is greater than the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the absolute value of the third voltage difference V3 is greater than the absolute value of the first voltage difference V1 and less than the absolute value of the second voltage difference V2.
  • the absolute value of the third voltage difference V3 is greater than or equal to 10V and less than or equal to 15V.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is in a focal conic state
  • the spiral axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is parallel to the first transparent substrate 201 and the second transparent substrate 202
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 is in a foggy state
  • the haze of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the foggy state is greater than or equal to 60%.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the foggy state can scatter incident light.
  • the sixth visible light K6 emitted by the display panel 10 is incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 and then scattered by the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 to become the seventh visible light K7.
  • the emission angle of the seventh visible light K7 is greater than the emission angle of the sixth visible light K6, so that the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the enhanced sharing mode is larger than the viewing angle in the sharing mode, and the enhanced sharing mode is an enhanced sharing state.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is in a steady state when in the focal conic texture state, and the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 can be maintained in the focal conic texture state without continuously applying the third voltage difference, thereby making the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in a foggy state.
  • the voltage difference between the first electrode layer 204 and the second electrode layer 205 is between the first voltage difference and the third voltage difference.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal 2031 is in a mixed state of planar state and focal conic state. As the voltage difference increases, the proportion of the focal conic state increases, and when the voltage difference is the third voltage difference, it is in a complete focal conic state.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer switches from the reflective state to the foggy state and then to the transparent state in sequence.
  • the display device switches from the narrow-viewing angle anti-peeping mode to the enhanced sharing mode and then to the sharing mode, so that the display device can achieve dynamic four-way anti-peeping.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application when the display device is in an anti-peeping mode
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application when the display device is in a sharing mode
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application when the display device is in an enhanced sharing mode.
  • the display device 100 shown in Figures 7 to 9 is basically similar to the display device 100 shown in Figures 1 to 3, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the differences include that the dimming device 20 is located between the backlight module 30 and the display panel 10, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 of the dimming device 20 only adjusts the backlight B emitted by the backlight module 30.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state transmits the first backlight B1 with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in the reflective state transmits the first backlight B1 with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ .
  • the second backlight B2 with an incident angle greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ is reflected, so that the first backlight B1 with an incident angle ⁇ less than or equal to half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ is emitted from the display panel 10, thereby ensuring the display brightness within the viewing angle 2 ⁇ range in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the second backlight B2 whose incident angle ⁇ is greater than half of the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode cannot be incident on the display panel 10, resulting in a decrease in brightness at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the decrease in brightness causes the brightness of the displayed picture to be darker at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode, so as to achieve an anti-peeping effect at a viewing angle greater than the viewing angle 2 ⁇ in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the display device 100 is in a narrow-viewing angle anti-peeping mode.
  • the design of the dimming device 20 when the dimming device 20 in Figure 1 is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10 is also applicable to the design of the dimming device 20 when the dimming device 20 is located between the backlight module 30 and the display panel 10, which will not be repeated here.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in a transparent state can allow the backlight B emitted by the backlight module 30 to enter the display panel 10 without interference, and the display device 100 has a good display effect at both a normal viewing angle of 0 degrees and an off-axis viewing angle greater than 0 degrees.
  • the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the sharing mode is greater than the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the anti-peeping mode.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 203 in a foggy state scatters the backlight B emitted by the backlight module 30.
  • the scattered backlight B is incident on the display panel 10 and then emitted by the display panel 10.
  • the emission angle of the visible light emitted by the display panel 10 increases, so that the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the enhanced sharing mode is greater than the viewing angle of the display device 100 in the sharing mode.
  • the dimming device 20 can also be provided on both the light emitting side and the light incident side of the display panel 10 to achieve a better anti-peeping effect when the display device 100 is in the anti-peeping mode.

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Abstract

一种显示装置（100），包括：显示面板（10）和调光装置（20），位于显示面板（10）的出光侧，包括胆甾相液晶层（203）；在显示装置（100）处于防窥模式的情况下，胆甾相液晶层（203）处于反射态。

Description

显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置。
背景技术
随着技术的进步和消费电子产品的迭代，用户也越来越关注隐私保护的问题。在某些场合，用户不希望其他人观看到显示器上的显示画面，这就需要显示装置能够具有防窥功能，具有防窥功能的显示装置能防止在显示装置的视角范围内的其他人观看到画面内容的同时，能为目标用户提供受保护可视角度的内容可读性。
传统的防窥显示装置是在显示屏上覆盖一层防窥膜，但是，这种防窥膜只是双向防窥，如果实现全视角防窥，需要贴附双层正交的防窥膜，双层正交的防窥膜会导致显示装置在正视角的显示亮度大幅降低。
技术问题
本申请的目的在于提供一种显示装置，以解决传统防窥显示装置在正视角的显示亮度大幅度降低的问题。
技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，技术方案如下：
一种显示装置，所述显示装置具有防窥模式，所述显示装置包括：
显示面板；以及
调光装置，所述调光装置位于所述显示面板的出光侧，所述调光 装置包括胆甾相液晶层，所述胆甾相液晶层包括胆甾相液晶，所述胆甾相液晶层具有反射态；
其中，在所述显示装置处于防窥模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于所述反射态，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，所述入射夹角定义为入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的所述胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴之间的夹角，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴与所述胆甾相液晶层的厚度方向平行。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半大于或等于0度且小于或等于30度。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值小于或等于15％。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对垂直入射至所述胆甾相液晶层的红外光在波长大于或等于760纳米且小于或等于900纳米处具有反射率的最大值。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶的螺距大于或等于460纳米且小于或等于600纳米。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，按重量百分比计算，所述胆甾相液晶包括10％-15％手性添加剂。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的绿光的反射率大于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的蓝光的反射率。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，所述显示装置还具有分享模式，所述胆甾相液晶层还具有透明态；
其中，在所述显示装置处于分享模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于透明态。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，所述显示装置还具有增强分享模式，所述胆甾相液晶层还具有雾态；
其中，在所述显示装置处于增强分享模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于雾态。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，所述调光装置还包括第一电极层和第二电极层，所述胆甾相液晶层位于所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间；
所述胆甾相液晶层处于反射态时，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间具有第一电压差；
所述胆甾相液晶层处于透明态时，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间具有第二电压差；
所述胆甾相液晶层处于雾态时，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间具有第三电压差；
其中，所述第一电压差的绝对值小于所述第三电压差的绝对值，所述第三电压差的绝对值小于所述第二电压差的绝对值。
一种显示装置，所述显示装置具有防窥模式，所述显示装置包括液晶显示面板和调光装置，所述调光装置位于所述液晶显示面板的入光侧，所述调光装置包括：
胆甾相液晶层，所述胆甾相液晶层包括胆甾相液晶，所述胆甾相液晶层具有反射态；
其中，在所述显示装置处于防窥模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于所述反射态，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，所述入射夹角定义为入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的所述胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴之间的夹角，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴与所述胆甾相液晶层的厚度方向平行。
在一些实施例的显示装置中，所述显示装置还包括背光模组，所述调光装置位于所述液晶显示面板与所述背光模组之间，所述背光模组用于发出背光。
有益效果
本申请提供一种显示装置，通过显示面板的出光侧设置调光装置，调光装置包括具有反射态的胆甾相液晶层，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，入射夹角定义为入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴之间的夹角，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴与胆甾相液晶层的厚度方向平行，以使显示面板发出的入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层中的透过率大，从而保证显示装置显示的画面在防窥模式下可视角度范围内的亮度，进而保证显示装置在防窥模式下可视角度范围内的显示效果。
而且，显示面板发出的入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层中的透过率小，导致显示装置显示的画面在视角角度大于防窥模式下可视角度处的亮度降低，配合入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的环境光中的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层中的反射率大，反射率大的环境光中的可见光对显示装置在视角角度大于防窥模式下可视角度处显示的画面造成亮度干扰而降低内容可读性，进而使显示装置在视角角度大于防窥模式下可视角度处实现四向防窥效果。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例显示装置处于防窥模式时的截面示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例显示装置处于分享模式时的截面示意图；
图3为申请一实施例显示装置处于增强分享模式时的截面示意图；
图4为处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层反射入射光的示意图；
图5为胆甾相液晶包括11％手性添加剂和89％向列相液晶，胆甾相液晶2031的平均折射率为1.57，胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P为509纳米时，在D65光源照射下的反射光谱；
图6中(A)为图1所示显示装置不工作时在视角为0处的反射效果，
图6中(B)为图1所示显示装置不工作时在视角为35度处的反射效果；
图7为本申请另一实施例显示装置处于防窥模式时的截面示意图；
图8为本申请另一实施例显示装置处于分享模式时的截面示意图；
图9为本申请另一实施例显示装置处于增强分享模式时的截面示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1至图3，图1为本申请一实施例显示装置处于防窥模式时的截面示意图，图2为本申请一实施例显示装置处于分享模式时的截面示意图，图3为本申请一实施例显示装置处于增强分享模式时的截面示意图。
在本实施例中，显示装置100可以应用于手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑屏幕、台式显示器以及车载显示屏幕等。
在本实施例中，显示装置100具有防窥模式、分享模式以及增强分享模式，显示装置100可以在防窥模式、分享模式以及增强分享模式之间实现动态切换。其中，防窥模式为窄视角模式，分享模式和增强分享模式均为宽视角分享模式。
在本实施例中，如图1所示，显示装置100在防窥模式下的可视角度为2β，2β大于或等于0度且小于或等于60度，以满足防窥模式下目标用户的可视角度需求的同时，保证处于防窥模式的显示装置100在大于可视角度的视角处具有防窥效果。
可以理解的是，防窥模式下的可视角度2β也可以大于或等于4度且小于或等于50度，或者，防窥模式下的可视角度2β也可以大于或等于10度且小于或等于40度，或者，防窥模式下的可视角度2β也可以大于或等于16度且小于或等于36度，或者，防窥模式下的可视角度2β也可以大于或等于20度且小于或等于30度。
举例而言，防窥模式下的可视角度2β可以为60度、50度、40度、30度、20度、16度或者12度。
需要说明的是，可视角度是指能清晰地看见显示装置100显示内 容的角度。显示装置100在防窥模式下的可视角度为2β时，在偏离显示面的法线相对两侧的可视角度2β的一半的视角范围内，均能清晰地看见显示装置100显示的内容。
其中，防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半为β，防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半大于或等于0度且小于或等于30度。
在本实施例中，显示装置100在分享模式下的可视角度大于显示装置100在防窥模式下的可视角度，显示装置100在增强分享模式下的可视角度大于显示装置100在分享模式下的可视角度。
在本实施例中，显示装置100包括显示面板10和调光装置20，调光装置20位于显示面板10的出光侧。
其中，显示面板10为液晶显示面板，但不限于此，显示面板10也可以为有机发光二极管显示面板、量子点显示面板、微型发光二极管显示面板以及次毫米发光二极管显示面板中的任意一种。
具体地，显示面板10为普通液晶显示面板，换言之，显示面板10包括阵列基板101、对置基板102以及设置于阵列基板101与对置基板102之间的液晶层103。可以理解的是，显示面板10也可以为场序液晶显示面板。
其中，阵列基板101可以包括驱动电路以及像素电极，像素电极与驱动电路连接，对置基板102可以包括彩膜层以及公共电极，公共电极与像素电极相对设置；或者，阵列基板101也可以包括驱动电路、像素电极以及公共电极，像素电极与驱动电路电性连接，像素电极与公共电极用于形成水平电场，对置基板102可以包括彩膜层；或者， 阵列基板101也可以包括驱动电路、像素电极、公共电极以及彩膜层，像素电极与驱动电路电性连接，像素电极与公共电极用于形成水平电场。
需要说明的是，如图1至图3所示，显示面板10为液晶显示面板时，显示装置100还包括背光模组30，背光模组30位于显示面板10远离调光装置20的一侧。背光模组30用于发出背光B，背光B入射至显示面板10后由显示面板10出射以进行显示。背光模组30可以为直下式背光模组，背光模组30也可以为侧入式背光模组。而显示面板10为有机发光二极管显示面板、量子点显示面板、微型发光二极管显示面板或者次毫米发光二极管显示面板时，显示面板10不需要设置背光模组30。
在本实施例中，调光装置20包括第一透明基板201、第二透明基板202、胆甾相液晶层203、第一电极层204以及第二电极层205。第一透明基板201与第二透明基板202相对设置，第一电极层204设置于第一透明基板201靠近第二透明基板202的表面上，第二电极层205设置于第二透明基板202靠近第一透明基板201的表面上，胆甾相液晶层203设置于第一电极层204与第二电极层205之间。
其中，第一透明基板201和第二透明基板202均为透明的玻璃基板，但不限于此，两者也可以均为透明的聚合物基板。
第一电极层204以及第二电极层205均为透明电极层，两者均包括透明导电材料，例如均包括氧化铟锌或氧化铟锡。
胆甾相液晶层203包括胆甾相液晶2031，胆甾相液晶2031为包 括向列相液晶和手性添加剂的混合物。其中，当手性添加剂为左旋手性添加剂时，胆甾相液晶为左旋胆甾相液晶。当手性添加剂为右旋手性添加剂时，胆甾相液晶为右旋胆甾相液晶。手性添加剂可以选用现有常见的手性添加剂。
胆甾相液晶2031的平均折射率为n，n＝(ne+2no)/3，ne为向列相液晶的长轴方向的折射率，no为向列相液晶短轴方向的折射率。其中，胆甾相液晶2031的平均折射率n大于或等于1.5且小于或等于1.6。例如，胆甾相液晶2031的平均折射率n可以为1.51、1.52、1.53、1.55、1.57、1.59或者1.6。
在本实施例中，通过调节加载于第一电极层204以及第二电极层205之间的电压差，以使胆甾相液晶层203在反射态、雾态和透明态之间实现动态切换。
在本实施例中，如图1所示，显示装置处于防窥模式时，第一电极层204与第二电极层205之间具有第一电压差V1，第一电压差V1的绝对值为0或趋于0，例如第一电极层204与第二电极层205均不加电的情况下，胆甾相液晶层203中的胆甾相液晶2031不受电场作用，胆甾相液晶2031呈平面织构态，每一层的胆甾相液晶2031的长轴与该层平面平行，多层的胆甾相液晶2031之间呈螺旋结构重叠，与各层的胆甾相液晶2031平面相互垂直的方向称为胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴I，胆甾相液晶2031的螺旋轴I垂直于第一透明基板201和第二透明基板202且平行于胆甾相液晶层203的厚度方向，胆甾相液晶层203处于反射态，胆甾相液晶层203对不同入射角度和不同波长的光 进行选择性地反射。
另外，胆甾相液晶层203处于反射态时，不同层的胆甾相液晶2031长轴排列沿螺旋轴I旋转360度之后，又回到初始取向，这个周期性的层间距称为胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P。
需要说明的是，第一电极层204与第二电极层205均不加电，以使胆甾相液晶层203处于反射态，进而使显示装置100处于防窥模式，有利于节省显示装置的使用功耗。
在本实施例中，胆甾相液晶层203处于反射态时，入射光的波长λ、胆甾相液晶2031的平均折射率n、入射光的入射夹角α以及胆甾相液晶2031的半螺距P满足λ＝2nPcosα。其中，入射夹角α定义为入射光的入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203的胆甾相液晶2031的螺旋轴I之间的夹角。另外，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶2031的反射带宽Δλ＝ΔnP，Δn＝ne-no。
其中，结合公式λ＝2nPcosα可知，在平均折射率n和半螺距P一定的情况下，当入射夹角α为0度时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203反射的入射光的波长λ最大，入射夹角α从0度增加至90度的过程中，胆甾相液晶层203反射的入射光的波长λ逐渐减小。
本申请根据处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α和入射波长λ均具有选择性的反射特性，通过调整胆甾相液晶2031中的手性添加剂浓度，以控制胆甾相液晶的半螺距P，使胆甾相液晶层203在入射夹角α为0度时对红外光的反射率最大，随着入射夹角α逐渐增大至90度，反射率最大的入射光的波长λ逐渐减小，在入射夹角α 大于0度且小于90度之间的特定入射夹角处反射率最大的入射光从红外光转变为可见光，换言之，胆甾相液晶层203对入射角度小于或等于特定入射夹角的红外光起到反射作用而对可见光等其他光的透过率较高，胆甾相液晶层203对入射角度大于特定入射夹角的可见光起到反射作用而对红外光等其他光的透过率较高。
在本实施例中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角α小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，使得显示面板10发出的入射夹角α小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层203中的透过率较高，以保证处于防窥模式的显示装置100在防窥模式下可视角度2β范围的显示亮度，从而保证处于防窥模式的显示装置100显示的画面在可视角度2β范围可视。
与此同时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，使得显示面板10发出的入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层203中的透过率较低，处于防窥模式的显示装置100在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处显示画面的亮度较暗，致使处于防窥模式的显示装置100在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处的内容可读性降低，进而使得显示装置100在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处能实现防窥。而且，处于反 射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，也使得环境光中入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的环境可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层203上的反射率较高，反射的环境可见光对显示面板10发出的可见光造成干扰，致使在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处显示装置100显示的内容可读性进一步地降低，进一步地提高显示装置100在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处的防窥效果。
如图4所示，其为处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层反射入射光的示意图。胆甾相液晶层203处于反射态时，在入射夹角α大于或等于0度且小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半时，胆甾相液晶层203对红外光的反射率的最大值大于对可见光的反射率的最大值，换言之，入射光的入射夹角α大于或等于0度且小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的区间为主要反射红外光的红外反射区A1。在入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半且小于或等于90度时，胆甾相液晶层203对可见光的反射率的最大值大于对红外光的反射率的最大值，换言之，入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半且小于或等于90度的区间为主要对可见光进行反射的可见光反射区。
其中，可见光反射区包括依次设置的红光反射区A2、黄光反射区A3、绿光反射区A4以及蓝光反射区A5，红光反射区A2与红外反射区A1相邻设置，红光反射区A2对应的入射夹角的区间大于绿光 反射区A4对应的入射夹角的区间，绿光反射区A4对应的入射夹角的区间大于蓝光反射区A5对应的入射夹角的区间，在红光反射区A2处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对红光的反射率的最大值大于对其他光的反射率的最大值，在黄光反射区A3处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对黄光的反射率的最大值大于对其他光的反射率的最大值，在绿光反射区A4处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对黄光的反射率的最大值大于对其他光的反射率的最大值，在蓝光反射区A5处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对蓝光的反射率的最大值大于其他光的反射率的最大值。
如图1所示，在调光装置20位于显示面板10的出光侧的情况下，显示面板10发出的入射夹角α大于或等于0度且小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的第一可见光K1穿过胆甾相液晶层203，从而保证处于防窥模式的显示装置100显示的画面在防窥模式下可视角度2β范围内的亮度，进而保证显示装置100在防窥模式下可视角度2β范围内的显示效果。
与此同时，显示面板10发出的入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的第二可见光K2被反射，使得离轴方向上视角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半处的显示装置显示的画面亮度较低并呈现暗画面，进而在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处呈现防窥效果。而且，入射夹角α大于或等于0度且小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的环境光中的红外光H(R)被反射但不影响显示效果。入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的环境光中的第三可见 光H(K3)被反射进而对显示面板10发出的可见光造成干扰，进一步地降低离轴方向上视角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半处的显示画面的可读性，进一步地提高在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处的防窥效果。
本实施例显示装置中处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，入射夹角定义为入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴之间的夹角，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴与胆甾相液晶层的厚度方向平行，以使显示面板发出的入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层中的透过率大，从而保证显示装置显示的画面在防窥模式下可视角度范围内的亮度，进而保证显示装置在防窥模式下可视角度范围内的显示效果。
而且，显示面板发出的入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层中的透过率小，导致显示装置显示的画面在视角角度大于防窥模式下可视角度处的亮度降低，配合入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的环境光中的可见光在反射态的胆甾相液晶层中的反射率大，反射率大的环境光中的可见光对显示 装置在视角角度大于防窥模式下可视角度处显示的画面造成亮度干扰而降低内容可读性，进而使显示装置在视角角度大于防窥模式下可视角度处实现四向防窥效果。
需要说明的是，显示装置100处于防窥模式时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光的最大反射率小于或等于30％，可以保证在防窥模式下可视角度2β范围内显示装置显示的画面具有可视性。另外，显示装置100处于防窥模式时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值大于30％且小于或等于50％，能保证在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处显示装置100显示的画面具有不可视性。
进一步地，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值小于或等于15％，以进一步地保证处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的可见光具有高的透过率，进一步地提高处于防窥模式的显示装置在防窥模式下可视角度范围内的显示效果。
可以理解的是，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值可以小于或等于12％；或者，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值小于或等于8％。
举例而言，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于可视角度2β的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值为15％、12％、10％、8％、6％或者4％。
在本实施例中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对垂直入射至胆甾相液晶层203的红外光在波长大于或等于760纳米且小于或等于900纳米的波段内具有反射率的最大值，与此同时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对垂直入射至胆甾相液晶层203的红外光的反射率大于或等于25％的反射带宽大于或等于100纳米且小于或等于150纳米。
在本实施例中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P大于或等于460米且小于或等于600纳米，使得处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对垂直入射至胆甾相液晶层203的红外光在波长大于或等于760纳米且小于或等于900纳米的波段内具有反射率的最大值。
可以理解的是，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P可以大于或等于475纳米且小于或等于600纳米，或者，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P可以大于或等于500纳米且小于或等于580纳米，或者，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P可以大于或等于520纳米且小于或等于560纳米。
在本实施例中，按重量百分比计算，胆甾相液晶2031包括10％-15％手性添加剂和85％-90％的向列相液晶，使得处于反射态的胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P大于或等于460米且小于或等于600纳米。
具体地，请参阅图5，其为胆甾相液晶包括11％手性添加剂和89％ 向列相液晶，胆甾相液晶2031的平均折射率为1.57，胆甾相液晶2031的螺距2P为509纳米时在D65光源照射下的反射光谱。如图5所示，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对垂直入射至胆甾相液晶层203的红外光在波长为800纳米处具有反射率的最大值49.2％，与此同时，反射率大于或等于25％的反射带宽为130纳米。
在本实施例中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的绿光的反射率大于对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的蓝光的反射率。
由于绿光相较于蓝光更容易为人眼识别，反射绿光对提高防窥效果的作用相对于反射蓝光防窥效果更大，通过反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的绿光的反射率大于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的蓝光的反射率，以提高在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处对人眼容易识别的绿光的反射率，保证处于防窥模式的显示装置100在大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处具有更好的防窥效果。
在本实施例中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的绿光的反射率的最大值大于40％且小于50％，以使处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的绿光的反射率较高。
在本实施例中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的红光的反射率大于对入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的蓝光的反射率。
请参阅图6中(A)和(B)，图6中(A)为图1所示显示装置不工作时在视角为0度处的反射效果，图6中(B)为图1所示显示装置不工作时在视角为35度处的反射效果。
如图6中(A)所示，在视角为0度处，即在显示装置100的正视角方向上，显示装置100是透明的，原因在于，调光装置20对环境光中垂直入射的红外光进行反射，而环境光中垂直入射的可见光穿过调光装置20。
如图6中(B)所示，在视角为35度处，显示装置100反射红光，原因在于，调光装置20在视角为35度方向上对环境光中的可见光红光进行反射，而环境光中的红外光穿过调光装置20。
在本实施例中，显示装置100处于分享模式时，第一电极层204与第二电极层205之间具有第二电压差V2时，第二电压差V2的绝对值大于第一电压差V1的绝对值，例如第二电压差V2的绝对值大于或等于15V且小于或等于30V时，第二电压差V2足够大使得施加至胆甾相液晶2031的电场足够大，胆甾相液晶2031都沿电场方向排列，胆甾相液晶层203处于透明态，处于透明态的胆甾相液晶层203的选择性反射特性消失，从各个方向上观察胆甾相液晶层203均为透明的，处于透明态的胆甾相液晶层203对可见光的透过率大于或等于85％，且雾度小于或等于4％。
如图2所示，在显示装置100处于分享模式时，胆甾相液晶层203处于透明态，显示面板10发出与胆甾相液晶层203厚度方向平行的第四可见光K4和显示面板10发出与胆甾相液晶层203厚度方向 相交的第五可见光K5均穿过透明态的胆甾相液晶层203，使得显示面板10发出的可见光在胆甾相液晶层203中的透过率高，显示装置100在视角0度的正视角和大于0度视角的离轴视角处均具有良好的显示效果，显示装置100在处于分享模式的可视角度大于显示装置100在处于防窥模式的可视角度。
在本实施例中，显示装置100处于增强分享模式时，第一电极层204与第二电极层205之间具有第三电压差V3时，第三电压差V3的绝对值大于第一电压差V1的绝对值且小于第二电压差V2的绝对值，例如，第三电压差V3的绝对值大于或等于10V且小于或等于15V，此时，胆甾相液晶2031处于焦锥态，胆甾相液晶2031的螺旋轴平行于第一透明基板201和第二透明基板202，胆甾相液晶层203处于雾态，处于雾态的胆甾相液晶层203的雾度大于或等于60％，处于雾态的胆甾相液晶层203能对入射光进行散射。
如图3所示，显示装置100处于增强分享模式时，显示面板10发出的第六可见光K6入射至胆甾相液晶层203后经过胆甾相液晶层203散射变为第七可见光K7，第七可见光K7的出射角度大于第六可见光K6的出射角度，使得显示装置100在增强分享模式的可视角度比在分享模式的可视角度大，增强分享模式为增强的分享态。
需要说明的是，胆甾相液晶2031处于焦锥织构态时为稳态，不需要持续施加第三电压差，就可以维持胆甾相液晶2031处于焦锥织构态，进而使得胆甾相液晶层203处于雾态。另外，第一电极层204与第二电极层205之间的电压差介于第一电压差与第三电压差之间 时，胆甾相液晶2031的胆甾相液晶2031处于平面态和焦锥态混合的状态，随着电压差升高，焦锥态的比例增加，在电压差为第三电压差时为完全焦锥态。
在本实施例中，在施加至胆甾相液晶的电压差从第一电压差增加至第三电压差，再增加至第二电压差的过程中，胆甾相液晶层依次从反射态切换至雾态再切换至透明态，对应的，显示装置从窄视角防窥模式切换至增强分享模式再切换至分享模式，使得显示装置能实现动态四向防窥。
请参阅图7至图9，图7为本申请另一实施例显示装置处于防窥模式时的截面示意图，图8为本申请另一实施例显示装置处于分享模式时的截面示意图，图9为本申请另一实施例显示装置处于增强分享模式时的截面示意图。
图7至图9所示显示装置100与图1至图3所示显示装置100基本相似，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处包括，调光装置20位于背光模组30和显示面板10之间，调光装置20的胆甾相液晶层203仅对背光模组30发出的背光B进行调节。
如图7所示，在显示装置100处于防窥模式时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角α小于或等于可视角度2β的一半的第一背光B1进行透射的同时，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层203对入射夹角大于可视角度2β的一半的第二背光B2进行反射，使入射夹角α小于或等于可视角度2β的一半的第一背光B1从显示面板10中射出，从而保证在防窥模式下可视角度2β范围内的显示亮度，与此同时， 入射夹角α大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的一半的第二背光B2无法入射至显示面板10，导致大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处的亮度降低，亮度降低导致大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处显示画面的亮度较暗，以实现大于防窥模式下可视角度2β的视角处的防窥效果，显示装置100处于窄视角防窥模式。
需要说明的是，上述图1中调光装置20位于显示面板10的出光侧时对调光装置20的设计，也适用于调光装置20位于背光模组30和显示面板10之间时对调光装置20的设计，此处不再赘述。
如图8所示，在显示装置100处于分享模式时，处于透明态的胆甾相液晶层203对背光模组30发出的背光B均能不受干扰地入射至显示面板10中，显示装置100在视角0度的正视角和大于0度视角的离轴视角处均具有良好的显示效果，显示装置100在分享模式下的可视角度大于显示装置100在防窥模式下的可视角度。
如图9所示，在显示装置100处于增强分享模式时，处于雾态的胆甾相液晶层203对背光模组30发出的背光B进行散射，经过散射的背光B入射至显示面板10后由显示面板10发出，显示面板10发出的可见光的出射角度增大，使得显示装置100在处于增强分享模式的可视角度大于显示装置100处于分享模式的可视角度。
可以理解的是，显示面板10为液晶显示面板时，也可以通过在显示面板10的出光侧和入光侧同时设置调光装置20，以在显示装置100处于防窥模式下实现更好地防窥效果。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的技术方案及其核 心思想；本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例的技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示装置，其中,所述显示装置具有防窥模式，所述显示装置包括：
    显示面板；以及
    调光装置，所述调光装置位于所述显示面板的出光侧，所述调光装置包括胆甾相液晶层，所述胆甾相液晶层包括胆甾相液晶，所述胆甾相液晶层具有反射态；
    其中，在所述显示装置处于防窥模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于所述反射态，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，所述入射夹角定义为入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的所述胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴之间的夹角，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴与所述胆甾相液晶层的厚度方向平行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中,防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半大于或等于0度且小于或等于30度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值小于或等于15％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对垂直入射至所述胆甾相液晶层的红外光在波长大于或等于760纳米且小于或等于900纳米的波段内具有反射率的最大值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶的螺距大于或等于460纳米且小于或等于600纳米。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其中，按重量百分比计算，所述胆甾相液晶包括10％-15％手性添加剂。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的绿光的反射率大于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的蓝光的反射率。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还具有分享模式，所述胆甾相液晶层还具有透明态；
    其中，在所述显示装置处于分享模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于透明态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还具有增强分享模式，所述胆甾相液晶层还具有雾态；
    其中，在所述显示装置处于增强分享模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于雾态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，其中，所述调光装置还包括第一电极层和第二电极层，所述胆甾相液晶层位于所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间；
    所述胆甾相液晶层处于反射态时，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间具有第一电压差；
    所述胆甾相液晶层处于透明态时，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间具有第二电压差；
    所述胆甾相液晶层处于雾态时，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间具有第三电压差；
    其中，所述第一电压差的绝对值小于所述第三电压差的绝对值，所述第三电压差的绝对值小于所述第二电压差的绝对值。
  11. 一种显示装置，其中，所述显示装置具有防窥模式，所述显示装置包括液晶显示面板和调光装置，所述调光装置位于所述液晶显示面板的入光侧，所述调光装置包括：
    胆甾相液晶层，所述胆甾相液晶层包括胆甾相液晶，所述胆甾相液晶层具有反射态；
    其中，在所述显示装置处于防窥模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于所述反射态，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值大于对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的红外光的反射率的最大值小于对入射夹 角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值，所述入射夹角定义为入射方向与处于反射态的胆甾相液晶层的所述胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴之间的夹角，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层的胆甾相液晶的螺旋轴与所述胆甾相液晶层的厚度方向平行。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还包括背光模组，所述调光装置位于所述液晶显示面板与所述背光模组之间，所述背光模组用于发出背光。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半大于或等于0度且小于或等于30度。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角小于或等于防窥模式下可视角度的一半的可见光的反射率的最大值小于或等于15％。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对垂直入射至所述胆甾相液晶层的红外光在波长大于或等于760纳米且小于或等于900纳米的波段内具有反射率的最大值。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的胆甾相液晶的螺距大于或等于460纳米且小于或等于600纳米。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，按重量百分比计算，所述胆甾相液晶包括10％-15％手性添加剂。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，处于反射态的所述胆甾相液晶层对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的绿光的 反射率大于对入射夹角大于防窥模式下所述可视角度的一半的蓝光的反射率。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还具有分享模式，所述胆甾相液晶层还具有透明态；
    其中，在所述显示装置处于分享模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于透明态。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置还具有增强分享模式，所述胆甾相液晶层还具有雾态；
    其中，在所述显示装置处于增强分享模式的情况下，所述胆甾相液晶层处于雾态。
PCT/CN2023/085732 2022-11-14 2023-03-31 显示装置 Ceased WO2024103607A1 (zh)

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CN116841091A (zh) * 2023-06-14 2023-10-03 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 反射式显示面板及驱动方法
CN117192823B (zh) * 2023-09-25 2026-01-27 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 显示面板、显示装置及驱动方法
KR20250098592A (ko) * 2023-12-22 2025-07-01 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 표시 장치

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