WO2024103325A1 - 电化学装置、电子设备和电化学装置的制备方法 - Google Patents

电化学装置、电子设备和电化学装置的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024103325A1
WO2024103325A1 PCT/CN2022/132454 CN2022132454W WO2024103325A1 WO 2024103325 A1 WO2024103325 A1 WO 2024103325A1 CN 2022132454 W CN2022132454 W CN 2022132454W WO 2024103325 A1 WO2024103325 A1 WO 2024103325A1
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Prior art keywords
section
sealing sheet
electrochemical device
packaging bag
sealing
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PCT/CN2022/132454
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘罗成
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to CN202280068486.5A priority Critical patent/CN118251664A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/132454 priority patent/WO2024103325A1/zh
Publication of WO2024103325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024103325A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to electrochemical devices, electronic devices and preparation methods.
  • the sealing sheet is a conventional rectangular shape to ensure effective sealing between the pole ear and the packaging bag.
  • the portion of the sealing sheet exposed from the packaging bag deforms outward, and the top and sides of the sealing sheet warp, resulting in a larger exposed length of the sealing sheet.
  • the warped portion at the top of the sealing sheet will cause interference between the battery and the battery compartment during the assembly of the electronic device; or in order to prevent the warped portion from being exposed, the pole ear needs to be bent backward, resulting in an increase in the overall length of the electrochemical device, affecting the energy density; in addition, the warping on both sides of the top of the sealing sheet will also cause the sealing sheet to bulge relative to the battery in the thickness direction of the battery, affecting the energy density.
  • the present application provides an electrochemical device, an electronic device and a preparation method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device, including a battery cell, a packaging bag, and a sealing sheet.
  • the battery cell includes a pole piece and a pole ear connecting the pole piece.
  • the battery cell is arranged in a packaging bag, and the pole ear extends from the packaging edge of the packaging bag.
  • the sealing sheet is arranged on the surface of the pole ear, and the packaging bag covers part of the sealing sheet.
  • the sealing sheet includes a top edge and a bottom edge arranged oppositely, the top edge is located outside the packaging bag, and the bottom edge is located inside the packaging bag.
  • the top edge includes a first section, a second section, and a third section, and the second section and the third section are respectively located on both sides of the first section.
  • the length of the first section is A
  • the length of the bottom edge is B
  • the width of the pole ear is C, satisfying B>A ⁇ C.
  • the distance between each point on the second section and the third section and the bottom edge is less than the distance between the first section and the bottom edge.
  • the distance between the two ends of the second section or the third section is the height H of the second section or the third section, wherein 0.05mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the second section and the third section will not exceed the first section, and the height difference between the second section, the third section and the first section can reduce the influence of the deformation of the sealing sheet extending outward, and by limiting the range of the height difference between the second section, the third section and the first section, the problem of warping of the sealing sheet in the thickness direction of the battery cell can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of outward extension and warping on both sides of the top of the sealing sheet, which is beneficial to reducing the length and thickness of the electrochemical device and improving the energy density.
  • the risk of leakage caused by the second section and the third section entering the packaging bag can also be reduced, so that the energy density of the electrochemical device is improved with a small leakage rate loss, and the interference problem in the assembly process is reduced.
  • 0mm ⁇ B-A ⁇ 8mm This setting makes the length A of the first section smaller than the length B of the bottom edge, and the second section and the third section can be formed on both sides of the first section. If the width of the bottom edge is constant, when the value of B-A is too large, the difference between the length of the first section and the width of the tab will be too small, which may easily cause cracks at the connection between the sealing sheet and the tab during assembly, forming a leakage channel and increasing the leakage rate of the electrochemical device.
  • This parameter range is also the height parameter range of the second section and/or the third section after the sealing sheet is hot-melted, so as to further reduce the exposed size of the sealing sheet, take into account both the energy density performance and the leakage problem of the electrochemical device, and meet the subsequent assembly requirements.
  • the distance from the end of the second section or the third section connected to the first section to the tab is W, where 0.3 mm ⁇ W ⁇ 1.1 mm.
  • This parameter range is also the parameter range of the shoulder width of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 after the sealing sheet is hot-melted, which is conducive to maintaining the covering effect of the sealing sheet on the tab and ensuring the sealing performance between the tab and the packaging bag.
  • the distance between the side of the sealing sheet and the side corresponding to the tab is X, where 1.5 mm ⁇ X ⁇ 4.5 mm.
  • the distance between the first section and the bottom edge is the height Y of the sealing sheet, wherein 3.5 mm ⁇ Y ⁇ 12.5 mm.
  • An appropriate value may be selected according to the size of the tab to maintain the sealing effect between the tab and the packaging bag while rationally planning the height of the sealing sheet to reduce the problem of an increase in the overall size of the electrochemical device caused by too much exposed portion of the sealing sheet.
  • the second section is obliquely connected to one end of the first section and one side of the sealing sheet
  • the third section is obliquely connected to the other end of the first section and the other side of the sealing sheet.
  • the second section is an arc section connected to one end of the first section and one side of the sealing sheet, and the second section is recessed toward the side of the tab, or the second section protrudes toward the outside of the sealing sheet.
  • the third section is an arc section connected to the other end of the first section and the other side of the sealing sheet, and the third section is recessed toward the side of the tab, or the third section protrudes toward the outside of the sealing sheet.
  • a rounded structure is formed at the top edge of the sealing sheet, and the second section and the third section do not exceed the first section along the extension direction of the pole ear.
  • the rounded structure can reduce the appearance of sharp parts at the end of the sealing sheet and effectively reduce the warping of the sealing sheet.
  • the second section and/or the third section is provided with a recessed portion
  • the second section and/or the third section includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section
  • the first sub-section is located between the first section and the second sub-section
  • the second sub-section includes at least one section
  • the endpoint connecting the first sub-section to the first section is M
  • the endpoint connecting the second sub-section to the side of the sealing sheet is N
  • the endpoint M and the endpoint N are connected to form a line segment MN
  • the angle between the first section and the line segment MN is greater than 90°
  • the second section will be warped
  • the setting of the angle between the first section and the line segment MN being greater than 90° can reduce or even avoid the loss of energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the second subsection includes at least two sections, and the angle between adjacent sections is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • the angle is less than 90°, the second subsection will be warped, and when the angle is greater than 90°, the loss of energy density of the electrochemical device can be reduced or even avoided.
  • the second sub-segment includes n segments, the nth segment is connected to the side of the sealing sheet, and the distance from the intersection of the n-1 segments close to the first sub-segment and the n segments to the side of the pole ear is no more than 2.5 mm.
  • a groove is further provided between the first subsection and the second subsection for absorbing the deformation of the sealing sheet.
  • the distance between the end of the second section and the third section away from the first section and the sealing edge of the packaging bag is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. This setting can prevent the second section or the third section from entering the sealing area and affecting the sealing performance of the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device further includes a circuit board, which is located on one side of the sealing sheet and covers the portion of the sealing sheet exposed from the packaging bag, and one end of the tab extending out of the packaging bag is bent toward the circuit board and connected to the circuit board.
  • the packaging bag is rectangular, and along the extension direction of the tab, the vertical distance between each part of the packaging edge and the first section of the top edge is the same. In this way, the shape of the packaging edge can be regular and stable, which is conducive to improving the sealing effect.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes a housing, an electronic component connecting wire and the electrochemical device of the above embodiment, the electronic component connecting wire and the electrochemical device are arranged in the housing, and the electronic component connector is electrically connected to the electrochemical device.
  • the housing is provided with a receiving cavity
  • the electrochemical device is installed in the receiving cavity
  • the top edge of the sealing sheet of the electrochemical device does not exceed the receiving cavity
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing an electrochemical device, which is used to prepare the electrochemical device of the above embodiment.
  • the method for preparing the electrochemical device includes: die-cutting the top edge of the sealing sheet so that the top edge of the sealing sheet has a first section, a second section and a third section, wherein the second section and the third section are respectively located on both sides of the first section, and along the width direction of the electrode ear, the length of the first section is A, the length of the bottom side is B, and the width of the electrode ear is C, satisfying B>A ⁇ C; along the extension direction of the electrode ear, the distance between each point on the second section and the third section and the bottom side is less than the distance between the first section and the bottom side;
  • the packaging bag is sealed by heat pressure, and the sealing sheet is sealed and connected between the packaging bag and the tab.
  • the hot pressing pressure is 120 ⁇ 50Kfg, and the hot pressing temperature is 190 ⁇ 5°C.
  • the thickness of the sealing sheet is 30 ⁇ m-80 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between the two ends of the second section or the third section is the height H 1 of the second section or the third section, where 0.15mm ⁇ H 1 ⁇ 0.7mm; after the step of hot-pressing the packaging bag is completed, the height H of the second section or the third section is 0.05mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • This setting can reserve a position for the extension of the sealing sheet during hot pressing in advance so that the second section or the third section of the sealing sheet after hot-pressing the packaging bag exceeds the first section of the sealing sheet, which is conducive to reducing the warping of the sealing sheet in the length direction of the electrochemical device and the warping in the thickness direction, and reducing the loss of energy density.
  • This configuration is conducive to further reducing the warping amount of the sealing sheet, and is conducive to improving the energy density of the electrochemical device without substantially reducing the leakage rate of the electrochemical device.
  • the difference between the bottom edge length B1 of the sealing sheet and the length A1 of the first section is: 0.2 ⁇ B1 - A1 ⁇ 8.3mm ; after the step of hot-pressing the packaging bag is completed, 0 ⁇ BA ⁇ 8mm.
  • 0.2 ⁇ B1 - A1 ⁇ 8.3 a space can be reserved in advance for the extension of the sealing sheet during hot pressing so that the length of the first section of the sealing sheet after hot-pressing the packaging bag exceeds the bottom edge length of the sealing sheet, which is beneficial to reduce the warping of the sealing sheet in the length direction of the electrochemical device and the warping in the thickness direction, and reduce the loss of energy density.
  • the distance from the end of the second section or the third section connected to the first section to the tab is W, wherein 0.2 mm ⁇ W 1 ⁇ 1.3 mm; after the step of hot-pressing the packaging bag is completed, 0.3 mm ⁇ W ⁇ 1.1 mm.
  • the distance between the side edge of the sealing sheet and the side edge corresponding to the electrode tab is X, wherein 0.3 mm ⁇ X ⁇ 4.5 mm.
  • the distance between the first section and the bottom edge is the height Y of the sealing sheet, wherein 3.5 mm ⁇ Y ⁇ 12.5 mm.
  • the second section and/or the third section includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section, the first sub-section is located between the first section and the second sub-section, the second sub-section includes at least one section, the endpoint where the first sub-section is connected to the first section is M1 , the endpoint where the second sub-section is connected to the side of the sealing sheet is N1 , the endpoints M1 and N1 form a line segment M1N1 , and the angle between the first section and the line segment M1N1 is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • the second subsection includes at least two sections, and the angle between adjacent sections is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • the second sub-segment includes n segments, and the nth segment is connected to the side of the sealing sheet; after the top edge of the sealing sheet is die-cut, the distance between the intersection of the n segments and the side of the pole ear is no more than 2 mm; after the step of hot-pressing the packaging bag is completed, the distance from the intersection of the n-1 segments close to the first sub-segment and the n segments to the side of the pole ear is no more than 2.5 mm.
  • the beneficial effects of the parameters of the sealing sheet after hot pressing packaging in the implementation method of the preparation method are roughly the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the cutting size parameters of some sealing sheets are larger than the size of some sealing sheets after hot pressing packaging, in order to reserve a certain deformation margin and fault tolerance range for the subsequent hot melting deformation of the sealing sheet during the cutting stage, so that the deformation of the sealing sheet is within a controllable range, and to avoid problems such as protrusion and warping of the sealing sheet after heat sealing.
  • the electrochemical device, electronic device and preparation method of the present application form a height difference between the second section, the third section and the first section. After hot pressing and sealing, the second section and the third section will not exceed the first section.
  • the height difference between the second section, the third section and the first section can reduce the influence of the deformation of the sealing sheet extending outward, which is conducive to reducing the exposed length of the sealing sheet. After the tab is bent, since the sealing sheet does not have the problem of warping, the exposed length of the sealing sheet is reduced, and it will not protrude relative to the battery cell in the thickness direction of the battery cell. Therefore, the overall length and thickness of the electrochemical device are reduced, so that the energy density of the electrochemical device is increased.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the electrochemical device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode tab and the sealing sheet in the electrochemical device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the structure shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a sealing sheet in the electrochemical device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the structure shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrochemical device shown in FIG. 1 assembled into an electronic device.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of the structure shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a tab and a sealing sheet in an electrochemical device in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tab and a sealing sheet in an electrochemical device in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a tab and a sealing sheet in an electrochemical device in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a tab and a sealing sheet in an electrochemical device in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tab and a sealing sheet in an electrochemical device in one embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell and a sealing sheet in the prior art.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing sheet deforming (warping) after the electrochemical device is hot-pressed and sealed in the prior art.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which an electrochemical device and an electronic device interfere with each other in the prior art.
  • this embodiment provides an electrochemical device 100, comprising a battery cell 1, a packaging bag 2 and a sealing sheet 3.
  • the battery cell 1 comprises a pole piece 11 and a pole tab 12 connected to the pole piece 11.
  • the battery cell 1 is disposed in the packaging bag 2, and the pole tab 12 extends from the packaging edge 21 of the packaging bag 2.
  • the sealing sheet 3 is disposed on the surface of the pole tab 12, and the packaging bag 2 covers a portion of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the sealing sheet 3 comprises a top edge 4 and a bottom edge 5 which are disposed opposite to each other, the top edge 4 is located outside the packaging bag 2, and the bottom edge 5 is located inside the packaging bag 2.
  • the top edge 4 comprises a first section 41, a second section 42 and a third section 43, the second section 42 and the third section 43 are respectively located on both sides of the first section 41, and along the width direction of the pole tab 12, the length of the first section 41 is A, the length of the bottom edge 5 is B, and the width of the pole tab 12 is C, satisfying B>A ⁇ C.
  • the distance between each location on the second section 42 and the third section 43 and the bottom edge 5 is smaller than the distance between the first section 41 and the bottom edge 5 .
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 will not exceed the first section 41, and the height difference between the second section 42, the third section 43 and the first section 41 can reduce the influence of the deformation of the sealing sheet 3 extending outward, reduce the exposed size and the amount of warping of the sealing sheet 3, and reduce the problem of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 being deformed and warped due to being too long when the electrochemical device 100 is assembled, resulting in interference between the electrochemical device 100 and the battery compartment.
  • the reduction of the amount of warping in the thickness direction of the electrochemical device 100 can reduce the loss of energy density of the electrochemical device 100.
  • the sealing sheet 3 does not have the problem of warping, and the size of the sealing sheet 3 in the thickness direction of the electrochemical device 100 is reduced, the overall thickness of the electrochemical device 100 is reduced, so that the energy density of the electrochemical device 100 is increased.
  • the sealing sheet 3 shown in Figures 1 to 6 is formed by two pieces of sealing film sandwiched between the opposite sides of the pole ear 12 and then sealed by hot melt, so that the sealing sheet 3 can surround the peripheral side of the pole ear 12, which is conducive to improving the sealing effect between the pole ear 12 and the packaging bag 2.
  • the sealing sheet 3 can also be formed by a piece of sealing film set on the surface of the pole ear 12 and then formed by hot melt, or by multiple pieces of sealing film sandwiched between the pole ear 12, as long as the actual sealing requirements are met, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the size relationship between the above-mentioned sections and the bottom edge is the size relationship after the sealing sheet is hot melted.
  • the second section 42 is obliquely connected to one end of the first section 41 and one side 6 of the sealing sheet 3, and the third section 43 is obliquely connected to the other end of the first section 41 and the other side 6 of the sealing sheet 3, so that the second section 42 and the third section 43 form chamfered structures on both sides of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 can be formed by cutting the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3, and the cutting process can be performed before the pole ear 12 is connected to the pole piece 11, that is, before the packaging process is performed, the second section 42 and the third section 43 have been formed on the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the chamfered areas at the second section 42 and the third section 43 can absorb the deformation, reduce the problem that the deformed edge exceeds the first section 41 along the extension direction of the pole ear 12, and thus avoid increasing the exposed length of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the first section 41 is not necessarily a straight line, and after hot pressing packaging, the first section 41 may slightly bulge outward toward the extension direction of the tab 12. Due to the pressure of the hot pressing equipment, the bulge of the first section 41 is very small.
  • the battery cell 1 also includes a diaphragm
  • the electrode sheet 11 also includes a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the diaphragm is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to avoid the short circuit problem caused by the contact between the positive and negative electrode sheets.
  • the positive electrode sheet, the diaphragm and the negative electrode sheet are wound or stacked to form the battery cell 1, and the two pole ears 12 are arranged at the same end of the battery cell 1. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the two pole ears 12 can also be respectively arranged at different ends of the battery cell 1, and the number of pole ears 12 can be more than two, which is not limited to this application.
  • the positive electrode sheet, the diaphragm and the negative electrode sheet can also form the battery cell 1 in the form of multiple stacking, and the present application does not limit the arrangement form of the pole sheet 11 of the battery cell 1.
  • the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A, wherein 0 ⁇ B-A ⁇ 8mm, so that the length A of the first section 41 is less than the length B of the bottom edge 5, and the second section 42 and the third section 43 can be formed on both sides of the first section 41.
  • the width of the bottom edge 5 is constant, when the value of B-A is too large, the difference between the length of the first section 41 and the width of the tab 12 will be too small, which may easily cause the connection between the sealing sheet 3 and the tab to crack during assembly, forming a leakage channel, and increasing the leakage rate of the electrochemical device 100.
  • B-A the increase in the value of B-A will also increase the risk of the second section 42 or the third section 43 of the sealing sheet 3 entering the sealing portion of the packaging bag 2 of the electrochemical device 100, thereby increasing the leakage rate of the electrochemical device 100.
  • 1.8mm ⁇ B-A ⁇ 8mm so that the two ends of the first section 41 can form a distinct second section 42 and a third section 43, reduce the exposed size and warping of the sealing sheet 3, reduce the interference problem generated during assembly, reduce the loss of energy density of the electrochemical device, and at the same time do not make the leakage rate of the electrochemical device too high.
  • the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A, preferably 3mm ⁇ B-A ⁇ 7mm, which is conducive to further reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3 and ensuring the sealing performance of the electrochemical device 100.
  • the parameter range in which the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A is the parameter range after the sealing sheet 3 is heat-sealed, so as to ensure that the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 does not have a part that extends outward and deforms, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the two end points of the first section 41 are selected to determine the turning point where the distance between the top edge 4 and the bottom edge 5 on both sides of the pole ear 12 decreases, and the distance between the two end points is the length A of the first section 41.
  • the distance between the two side edges 6 of the sealing sheet 3 can be measured; if the turning point on both sides of the pole ear cannot be determined, the length A of the first section 41 can be tested by moving the highest point of the bulge of the top edge 4 downward by 0.04mm.
  • the distance between the two ends of the second section 42 or the third section 43 is the height H of the second section 42 or the third section 43, wherein 0.05mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the distance H between the two ends of the second section 42 is: along the extension direction of the pole lug 12, the vertical distance between the left end point of the top edge 4 and the left end point of the first section 41; the distance H between the two ends of the third section 43 is: along the extension direction of the pole lug 12, the vertical distance between the right end point of the top edge 4 and the right end point of the first section 41.
  • the parameter range of H is also the height parameter range of the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 after the sealing sheet 3 is hot-melted. That is to say, the height difference between the second section 42, the third section 43 and the first section 41 after heat sealing is in the range of 0.05mm to 0.5mm, ensuring that the second section 42 and the third section 43 do not exceed the first section 41, which can reduce the influence of the extension deformation of the sealing sheet 3, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3 and reducing the interference problem in the subsequent assembly process; at the same time, the height difference between the second section 42 and the third section 43 of the sealing sheet and the first section 41 can make a part of the sealing sheet 3 within the range bend together with the pole ear 12, thereby reducing the size of the electrochemical device 100 in the length direction and improving the energy density of the electrochemical device 100.
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 have the same height and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first section 41.
  • the symmetrical arrangement is conducive to maintaining the uniformity of the packaging effect and reducing the preparation process.
  • the heights of the second section 42 and the third section 43 may also be different, as long as actual design requirements are met.
  • the height H of the second section 42 or the third section 43 is preferably 0.15mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.3mm, and this parameter range is also the height parameter range of the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 after the sealing sheet 3 is hot-melted, so as to further reduce the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3, while taking into account the energy density performance and leakage problem of the electrochemical device 100, and meeting subsequent assembly requirements.
  • the length from one end of the second section 42 or the third section 43 connecting the first section 41 to the pole ear 12 is W, that is, the shoulder width of the top edge of the sealing sheet 3 is W, wherein 0.3mm ⁇ W ⁇ 1.1mm.
  • This parameter range is also the parameter range of the shoulder width of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 after the sealing sheet 3 is hot-melted, which is beneficial to maintaining the covering effect of the sealing sheet 3 on the pole ear 12 and ensuring the sealing performance between the pole ear 12 and the packaging bag 2.
  • the distance between the side edge 6 of the sealing sheet 3 and the side edge 6 corresponding to the pole ear 12 is X, that is, the bottom shoulder width of the sealing sheet 3 is X, wherein 0.3mm ⁇ X ⁇ 4.5mm, so that the end of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 exceeds the end of the first section 41, thereby increasing the contact area of the sealing sheet 3 inside the packaging bag 2, which is beneficial to ensure the sealing effect between the pole ear 12 and the packaging bag 2.
  • the distance between the first section 41 and the bottom edge 5 is the height Y of the sealing sheet 3, wherein 3.5mm ⁇ Y ⁇ 12.5mm.
  • An appropriate value can be selected according to the size of the pole lug 12 to maintain the sealing effect between the pole lug 12 and the packaging bag 2 while rationally planning the height dimension of the sealing sheet 3 to reduce the problem of an increase in the overall size of the electrochemical device 100 caused by too much exposed portion of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the distance Z between the end of the second section 42 and the third section 43 away from the first section 41 and the sealing edge 21 of the packaging bag 2 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, which reduces the second section or the third section from being embedded in the packaging area of the packaging bag 2, resulting in poor packaging and leakage.
  • the length of the sealing sheet 3 exposed from the packaging edge 21 is D, where Z ⁇ D, so that the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 can form the second section 42 and the third section 43.
  • the packaging bag 2 of the present application is roughly rectangular.
  • the vertical distance between each part of the packaging edge 21 and the first section 41 of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 is the same.
  • the shape of the packaging edge 21 is regular and stable, which can make the sealing effect of each part of the packaging area of the packaging bag 2 balanced, which is conducive to improving the sealing effect, reducing the problem of stress concentration, and not prone to weak sealing areas, reducing the risk of leakage.
  • the same vertical distance between each point of the packaging edge 21 and the first section 41 of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 does not mean that the distance is the same in an absolute sense. When comparing the vertical distances between any two points on the packaging edge 21 and the first section 41, vertical distances with an error within ⁇ 3% can be considered to be the same.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show the dimensional parameters of the sealing sheet before and after hot pressing in each embodiment, including: the length A of the first section 41, the length B of the bottom edge 5, the length difference B-A between the first section 41 and the bottom edge 5, the height H of the second section 42 and the third section 43, the bottom shoulder width X of the sealing sheet 3, the top shoulder width W of the sealing sheet 3, and the length D of the sealing sheet 3 exposed from the packaging edge 21.
  • the sealing sheet 3 is slightly deformed after hot pressing, such as the increase in the length A of the first section 41, the decrease in the height H of the second section 42 and the third section 43, and the increase in the top shoulder width W of the sealing sheet 3, the parameters of the sealing sheet 3 after hot pressing can meet the above conditions, and the length D of the sealing sheet 3 extending out of the sealing side does not change, and is 1 mm before and after hot pressing.
  • the sealing sheet is rectangular, and when the length of the top side is the same as that of the bottom side, the top shoulder width is also the same as that of the bottom shoulder width, and the second section and the third section are not formed on both sides of the top side.
  • the height H of the second section 42 and the third section 43 protrudes 0.4 mm along the extension direction of the pole ear, so that the length D of the sealing sheet extending out of the packaging side is significantly increased from 1 mm to 1.4 mm, which will cause the overall length of the electrochemical device 100 to increase, warp in the thickness direction, affect the energy density, and cause interference problems between the electrochemical device 100 and the battery compartment during assembly.
  • the distance between the two ends of the second section 42 or the third section 43 is the height H of the second section 42 or the third section 43, wherein 0.05mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 do not exceed the first section 41 can reduce the influence of the extension deformation of the sealing sheet 3, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3 and reducing the interference problem in the subsequent assembly process; at the same time, the height difference between the second section 42 and the third section 43 of the sealing sheet and the first section 41 can make a part of the sealing sheet 3 within the range bend together with the pole ear 12, thereby reducing the size of the electrochemical device 100 in the length direction and improving the energy density of the electrochemical device 100.
  • Example 20 Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 prove that when the value of H exceeds the preset range, the greater the value of H, the greater the risk of the second section 42 and the third section 43 of the sealing sheet 3 entering the sealing part of the electrochemical device 100, thereby reducing the sealing of the electrochemical device 100 and increasing the probability of leakage.
  • the height H of the second section 42 or the third section 43 is preferably 0.15mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.3mm, and this parameter range is also the height parameter range of the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 after the sealing sheet 3 is hot-melted, so as to further reduce the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3, and can take into account the energy density performance and leakage problem of the electrochemical device 100 at the same time, and meet the subsequent assembly requirements.
  • the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A, 0 ⁇ B-A ⁇ 8mm, so that the length A of the first section 41 is less than the length B of the bottom edge 5, and the second section 42 and the third section 43 can be formed on both sides of the first section 41.
  • B-A is too large, that is, the difference between the length of the first section 41 and the width of the tab 12 is too small, the tab glue is easily cracked during assembly, forming a leakage channel, and increasing the leakage rate of the electrochemical device.
  • B-A the increase in the value of B-A will also increase the risk of the second section 42 or the third section 43 of the sealing sheet entering the sealing part of the packaging bag 2 of the electrochemical device 100, so that the leakage rate of the electrochemical device 100 increases.
  • 1.8mm ⁇ B-A ⁇ 8mm so that the two ends of the first section 41 can form a clear second section 42 and a third section 43, reduce the exposed size and warping amount of the sealing sheet 3, reduce the interference problem generated during assembly, reduce the loss of energy density of the electrochemical device 100, and at the same time do not make the leakage rate of the electrochemical device 100 too high.
  • the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A, preferably 3mm ⁇ B-A ⁇ 7mm, which is conducive to further reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3 and ensuring the sealing performance of the electrochemical device 100.
  • the sealing sheet structure in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the influence of the deformation of the top edge extending outward, reduce the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3, and reduce the problem of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 being deformed and warped due to being too long when the electrochemical device 100 is assembled, causing interference between the electrochemical device 100 and the battery compartment, while reducing the leakage rate of the electrochemical device 100 being too high and affecting the production quality rate of the electrochemical device 100.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes a circuit board 7, which is located on one side of the sealing sheet 3 and covers the portion of the sealing sheet 3 exposed from the packaging bag 2.
  • the end of the pole ear 12 extending from the packaging bag 2 is bent toward the circuit board 7 and connected to the circuit board 7. Since the second section 42 and the third section 43 are provided to reduce the influence of the extension deformation of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3, along the extension direction of the pole ear 12, the second section 42 and the third section 43 do not exceed the first section 41.
  • the circuit board 7 covers the first section 41, it can cover the exposed portion of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 does not exceed the edge of the circuit board 7.
  • the overall size of the electrochemical device 100 is reduced, which is conducive to improving the energy density of the electrochemical device 100.
  • interference problems are not likely to occur, saving the space occupied by the electrochemical device 100 in the electronic device 200.
  • the second section 42 is an arc section connected to one end of the first section 41 and a side edge 6 of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the second section 42 is recessed toward the side edge 6 of the pole lug 12, or the second section 42 is bent toward the outside of the sealing sheet 3.
  • a rounded structure is formed at the end of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3. The rounded structure can reduce the appearance of sharp parts at the end of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 and reduce the warping of the sealing sheet.
  • the second section 42 does not exceed the first section 41 along the extension direction of the pole lug 12, and the top edge shoulder width W of the sealing sheet 3 and the height H of the second section 42 both meet the parameter requirements of the aforementioned embodiment, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the third section 43 is an arc section connected to the other end of the first section 41 and the other side 6 of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the third section 43 is recessed toward the side 6 of the pole lug 12, or the third section 43 is bent toward the outside of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the third section 43 does not exceed the first section 41 along the extension direction of the pole lug 12, and the top shoulder width W of the sealing sheet 3 and the height H of the third section 43 both meet the parameter requirements of the aforementioned embodiment, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 of the rounded structure are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first section 41, and are rounded structures that are bent outward at the same time, or are rounded structures that are concave inward at the same time.
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 can also present a rounded structure that is bent outward, and the other presents a rounded structure that is concave inward, so as to meet the actual design requirements.
  • the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 are provided with a recessed portion 44, so that the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 include a first sub-section 45 and a second sub-section 46, the first sub-section 45 is located between the first section 41 and the second sub-section 46, the second sub-section 46 includes at least one section, the endpoint where the first sub-section 45 is connected to the first section 41 is M, the endpoint where the second sub-section 46 is connected to the side of the sealing sheet 3 is N, the endpoint M and the endpoint N are connected to form a line segment MN, and the angle between the first section 41 and the line segment MN is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • the first sub-section 45 and the second sub-section 46 are respectively the adjacent two sides of the recessed portion 44, and the angle between the first sub-section 45 and the second sub-section 46 is less than 180°, so that the second section 42 and the third section 43 have a step surface structure that is concave toward the side edge 6 of the tab 12, which can further reduce the influence of the extension deformation of the sealing sheet 3 and reduce the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the second sub-section 46 includes at least two sections, and the angle between adjacent sections is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • Such a multi-section structure can make the extension deformation of the sealing sheet 3 basically occur within the plane range of the electrochemical device 100, reduce the warping amount of the sealing sheet 3 in the thickness direction of the electrochemical device 100, and help reduce the loss of energy density.
  • the second sub-segment 46 includes n segments, the nth segment is connected to the side of the sealing sheet 3, and the distance from the intersection of the n-1 segments close to the first sub-segment 45 and the n segments to the side of the pole ear 12 is no more than 2.5 mm.
  • Such a multi-segment setting makes the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 fit better, which can enhance the sealing performance of the electrochemical device.
  • a groove 47 is also opened between the first sub-section 45 and the second sub-section 46, and the structure of the groove 47 can be arc-shaped, rectangular, polygonal, etc., for absorbing the deformation of the sealing sheet 3, and under the action of the groove 47, when the sealing sheet 3 is deformed by hot pressing, the first sub-section 45 and the second sub-section 46 can be close to each other, reducing the risk of the top edge 4 extending outward and deforming.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 200, which includes a housing 201, an electronic component connecting wire 203 and the electrochemical device 100 described in the above embodiment.
  • the electronic component connecting wire 203 and the electrochemical device 100 are arranged in the housing 201, and the electronic component connecting wire 203 is electrically connected to the battery cell 1 in the electrochemical device 100 through the circuit board 7.
  • the housing 201 is provided with a receiving cavity 202, and the electrochemical device 100 is installed in the receiving cavity 202, and the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 of the electrochemical device 100 does not exceed the receiving cavity 202.
  • the provision of the second section 42 and the third section 43 reduces the problem of the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 extending outward after hot pressing, so that there will be no interference problem when the electrochemical device 100 is placed in the receiving cavity 202, and the size of the receiving cavity 202 can be reduced to a certain extent, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the electronic device 200.
  • the electrochemical device 100 and the electronic device 200 of the present application form a height difference between the second section 42, the third section 43 and the first section 41.
  • the second section 42 and the third section 43 will not exceed the first section 41.
  • the height difference between the second section 42, the third section 43 and the first section 41 can offset the deformation of the sealing sheet 3 extending outward, thereby reducing the problem of warping on both sides of the top of the sealing sheet 3, and will not cause the exposed length of the sealing sheet 3 to increase.
  • the tab 12 is bent, since the sealing sheet 3 does not have the problem of warping, the exposed length of the sealing sheet is reduced, and it will not protrude relative to the battery cell in the thickness direction of the battery cell. Therefore, the overall length and thickness of the electrochemical device 100 are reduced, so that the energy density of the electrochemical device 100 is increased.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for preparing an electrochemical device, which is used to prepare the electrochemical device 100 in the above embodiment.
  • the method for preparing the electrochemical device comprises the following steps:
  • the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 is die-cut so that the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 has a first section 41, a second section 42 and a third section 43, wherein the second section 42 and the third section 43 are respectively located on both sides of the first section 41, and along the width direction of the pole lug 12, the length of the first section 41 is A, the length of the bottom edge 5 is B, and the width of the pole lug 12 is C, satisfying B>A ⁇ C; along the extension direction of the pole lug 12, the distance between each point on the second section 42 and the third section 43 and the bottom edge 5 is smaller than the distance between the first section 41 and the bottom edge 5;
  • the packaging bag 2 is sealed by heat pressure, and the sealing sheet 3 is sealed and connected between the packaging bag 2 and the tab 12 .
  • the material of the sealing sheet 3 includes polypropylene.
  • the thickness of the sealing sheet 3 is 30 ⁇ m-80 ⁇ m, and the melting temperature is 123 ⁇ 5° C.-158 ⁇ 10° C.
  • the sealing sheet 3 within this thickness range can effectively seal while not excessively increasing the thickness of the packaging area of the packaging bag 2, thereby leaving enough space for the subsequent installation of the circuit board.
  • the hot pressing pressure is 120 ⁇ 50Kfg
  • the hot pressing temperature is 190 ⁇ 5°C
  • the extension of the sealing sheet 3 can be slightly adjusted by the hot pressing parameters. The higher the temperature, the greater the pressure, and the longer the hot pressing time, the greater the extension.
  • the definition of the hot pressing parameters in this application enables the sealing sheet to minimize the extension of the sealing sheet while sealing the tab and the packaging bag, and minimize the influence of the extension on the exposed length of the sealing sheet.
  • the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 and the length A of the first section 41 is: 0 ⁇ B-A ⁇ 8mm, so that the length A of the first section 41 is less than the length B of the bottom edge 5, and the second section 42 and the third section 43 can be formed on both sides of the first section 41.
  • the height H of the second section 42 and the third section 43 is: 0.05mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.5mm, ensuring that the second section 42 and the third section 43 do not exceed the first section 41, which can reduce the influence of the extension deformation of the sealing sheet, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet and reducing the interference problem in the subsequent assembly process.
  • the top shoulder width W of the sealing sheet 3 is: 0.3mm ⁇ W ⁇ 1.1mm, which is conducive to maintaining the covering effect of the sealing sheet 3 on the tab 12 and ensuring the sealing performance between the tab 12 and the packaging bag 2.
  • the shoulder width X of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 is: 0.3mm ⁇ X ⁇ 4.5mm, so that the end of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 exceeds the end of the first section 41, increasing the contact area of the sealing sheet 3 inside the packaging bag 2, which is conducive to ensuring the sealing effect between the tab 12 and the packaging bag 2.
  • the height Y of the sealing sheet 3 is: 3.5mm ⁇ Y ⁇ 12.5mm, so as to maintain the sealing effect between the tab 12 and the packaging bag 2, reasonably plan the height size of the sealing sheet 3, and reduce the problem of increasing the overall size of the electrochemical device 100 caused by too much exposed portion of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 of the sealing sheet 3 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A, preferably 3mm ⁇ B-A ⁇ 7mm, which is conducive to further reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the parameter range in which the difference between the length B of the bottom edge 5 and the length A of the first section 41 is B-A is the parameter range after the sealing sheet 3 is heat-sealed, so as to ensure that the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 will not have a part extending outward and deforming, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the height H of the second section 42 or the third section 43 is preferably 0.15mm ⁇ H ⁇ 0.3mm, and this parameter range is also the height parameter range of the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 after the sealing sheet 3 is hot-melted, so as to further reduce the exposed size of the sealing sheet 3 to meet subsequent assembly requirements.
  • the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 is provided with a recessed portion 44, so that the second section 42 and/or the third section 43 includes a first sub-section 45 and a second sub-section 46, the first sub-section 45 is located between the first section 41 and the second sub-section 46, the second sub-section 46 includes at least one section, the endpoint where the first sub-section 45 is connected to the first section 41 is M1 , the endpoint where the second sub-section 46 is connected to the side of the sealing sheet 3 is N1 , the endpoint M1 and the endpoint N1 are connected to form a line segment M1N1 , and the angle between the first section 41 and the line segment M1N1 is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • the second sub-segment 46 includes at least two segments, and the angle between adjacent segments is greater than or equal to 90°.
  • Such a multi-segment structure can make the outward deformation of the sealing sheet 3 basically occur within the plane range of the electrochemical device 100, reduce the warping of the sealing sheet 3 in the thickness direction of the electrochemical device 100, and help reduce the loss of energy density.
  • the second sub-segment 46 includes n segments, and the nth segment is connected to the side of the sealing sheet 3.
  • the distance between the intersection of the n segments and the side of the pole lug 12 is not more than 2 mm, so as to provide a certain deformation space for the sealing sheet.
  • the distance between the intersection of the n-1 segments close to the first sub-segment 45 and the n segments and the side of the pole lug 12 is not more than 2.5 mm.
  • Such a multi-segment setting makes the top edge 4 of the sealing sheet 3 fit better, which can enhance the sealing performance of the electrochemical device.
  • the second section 42 includes a first sub-section 45 and a second sub-section 46
  • the second sub-section 46 includes n sections
  • the nth section of the second sub-section 46 is formed by cutting the sealing sheet before the step of bonding the sealing sheet and the pole lug
  • the n-1 sections of the first sub-section 45 and the second sub-section can increase the extension amount of the partial area of the sealing sheet 3 on both sides of the pole lug 12 along the extension direction of the pole lug 12 by adjusting the hot pressing pressure and the hot pressing temperature, which is beneficial to the close fitting of the sealing sheet 12 and reduces the leakage rate.
  • the difference between the bottom length B1 of the sealing sheet and the length A1 of the first section is: 0.2 ⁇ B1 - A1 ⁇ 8.3mm .
  • the height H1 of the second section and the third section is: 0.15mm ⁇ H1 ⁇ 0.7mm
  • the top shoulder width W1 of the sealing sheet is: 0.2mm ⁇ W1 ⁇ 1.3mm .
  • the bottom shoulder width X of the sealing sheet is: 0.3mm ⁇ X ⁇ 4.5mm.
  • the height Y of the sealing sheet is: 3.5mm ⁇ Y ⁇ 12.5mm.
  • the cutting size parameters of part of the sealing sheet are larger than the size of part of the sealing sheet after hot-pressing packaging, in order to reserve a certain deformation margin and fault tolerance range for the subsequent hot-melt deformation of the sealing sheet during the cutting stage, so that the deformation of the sealing sheet is within a controllable range, and the problems of protrusion and warping of the sealing sheet after heat sealing are avoided.

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Abstract

电化学装置（100）、电子设备及制备方法。电化学装置（100）包括电芯（1）、包装袋（2）和密封片（3），电芯（1）设于包装袋（2）中，电芯（1）的极耳（12）从包装袋（2）的封装边（21）伸出，密封片（3）设置于极耳（12）的表面，密封片（3）的顶边（4）位于包装袋（2）外，底边（5）位于包装袋（2）内，顶边（4）包括第一区段（41）和位于第一区段（41）两端的第二区段（42）及第三区段（43），第一区段（41）长度为A，底边（5）长度为B，极耳（12）宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C，沿极耳（12）延伸方向，第二区段（42）和第三区段（43）上各处与底边（5）之间的距离小于第一区段（41）与底边（5）之间的距离，第二区段（42）或第三区段（43）的高度H，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。通过设置第二区段（42）、第三区段（43）的高度差可以减少密封片（3）向外延伸和曲翘形变的影响，使电化学装置（100）漏液率损失较小的情况下提升能量密度，并且减少装配过程中的干涉问题。

Description

电化学装置、电子设备和电化学装置的制备方法 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及电化学装置、电子设备和制备方法。
背景技术
如图14至16，现有技术的电化学装置中，密封片为常规的矩形，以保证极耳与包装袋之间的有效密封。然而，常规矩形的密封片在进行热压密封的过程中，由于高温软化和挤压双重作用下，密封片露出包装袋的部分往外侧变形，密封片的顶端两侧出现起翘问题，从而导致密封片的外露长度变大。极耳弯折后，密封片顶端的起翘部分会使电化学装置在电子设备的装配过程中电池与电池仓出现干涉问题；或者为了使起翘部分不外露，需要使极耳弯折位置靠后而造成电化学装置的整体长度尺寸增加，影响能量密度；此外，密封片的顶端两侧的曲翘也会导致密封片在电池厚度方向上相对电池凸出，影响能量密度。
发明内容
本申请提供电化学装置、电子设备和制备方法，以解决上述技术问题。
本申请的实施例提供一种电化学装置，包括电芯、包装袋、密封片。电芯包括极片和连接极片的极耳。电芯设于包装袋中，极耳从包装袋的封装边伸出。密封片设置于极耳的表面，包装袋覆盖部分密封片。密封片包括相对设置的顶边和底边，顶边位于包装袋外，底边位于包装袋内。顶边包括第一区段、第二区段和第三区段，第二区段和第三区段分别位于第一区段两侧，沿极耳的宽度方向，第一区段的长度为A，底边的长度为B，极耳的宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C。沿极耳的延伸方向，第二区段和第三区段上各处与底边之间的距离小于第一区段与底边之间的距离。沿极耳的延伸方向，第二区段或第三区段的两端之间的距离为第二区段或第三区段的高度H，其中，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。
如此，沿极耳延伸方向，第二区段、第三区段不会超出第一区段，第二区段、第三区段与第一区段之间的高度差可以减少密封片向外延伸形变的影响，并通过限制第二区段、第三区段与第一区段之间的高度差的范围，来减少密封片出 现在电芯厚度方向上发生曲翘的问题，从而降低出现密封片的顶端两侧出现向外延伸和曲翘的问题的概率，有利于减少电化学装置的长度和厚度尺寸，提升能量密度；此外，通过限制第二区段、第三区段的高度范围，还能够降低第二区段和第三区段进入包装袋而导致的漏液风险，使电化学装置漏液率损失较小的情况下提升电化学装置的能量密度，并减小装配过程中的干涉问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中：0mm＜B-A≤8mm。该设置使第一区段的长度A小于底边的长度B，第一区段的两侧可以形成第二区段和第三区段。若底边的宽度一定，当B-A的值太大时，会导致第一区段长度与极耳宽度的差值太小，在装配时容易导致密封片与极耳连接处开裂，形成漏液通道，增加电化学装置的漏液率。
在一种可能的实施方式中：1.8mm≤B-A≤8mm。该设置以使第一区段两端能够形成明显的第二区段和第三区段，减少密封片的外露尺寸及曲翘量，减少装配时产生的干涉问题，减少电化学装置的能量密度的损失，同时不至于使电化学装置漏液率太高。
在一种可能的实施方式中：3mm≤B-A≤7mm。该设置有利于进一步降低密封片的外露尺寸并基本不损害电化学装置的密封性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中：0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm。该参数范围也为密封片热熔之后的第二区段和/或第三区段的高度参数范围，以进一步减少密封片的外露尺寸，可同时兼顾电化学装置能量密度性能以及漏液问题，并满足后续的装配需求。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二区段或第三区段连接第一区段的一端距离极耳的长度为W，其中，0.3mm≤W≤1.1mm。该参数范围也为密封片热熔之后，密封片3顶边4肩宽的参数范围，有利于维持密封片对极耳的覆盖效果，保证极耳与包装袋之间的密封性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中：密封片的侧边与极耳对应的侧边之间的距离为X，其中，1.5mm≤X≤4.5mm。该设置以使密封片底边端部超出第一区段的端部，增大位于密封片在包装袋内部的接触面积，有利于保证极耳与包装袋之间的密封效果。
在一种可能的实施方式中：沿极耳的延伸方向，第一区段与底边之间的距离为密封片的高度Y，其中，3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm。可以根据极耳的尺寸对应选择合 适的数值，以维持极耳与包装袋之间的密封效果的同时，合理规划密封片的高度尺寸，减少密封片外露部分太多造成的电化学装置整体尺寸增加的问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二区段倾斜连接于第一区段的一端和密封片的一侧边，第三区段倾斜连接于第一区段的另一端和密封片的另一侧边。如此，第二区段和第三区段在密封片的顶边两侧形成倒角结构，可以通过简单结构来减少密封片向外延伸形变的影响。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二区段为连接于第一区段的一端和密封片的一侧边的圆弧段，第二区段朝向极耳的侧边凹陷，或第二区段朝向密封片的外侧凸出。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第三区段为连接于第一区段的另一端和密封片的另一侧边的圆弧段，第三区段朝向极耳的侧边凹陷，或，第三区段朝向密封片的外侧凸出。
如此，密封片顶边端部形成圆角结构，且第二区段和第三区段沿极耳延伸方向不超出第一区段，圆角结构可以减少密封片端部出现尖锐部分，可有效降低密封片曲翘。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二区段和/或第三区段设凹陷部，第二区段和/或第三区段包括第一子区段和第二子区段，第一子区段位于第一区段和第二子区段之间，第二子区段包括至少一个区段，第一子区段与第一区段连接的端点为M，第二子区段与密封片侧边连接的端点为N，连接端点M和端点N形成线段MN，第一区段与线段MN之间的夹角大于90°，第一区段与线段MN之间的夹角小于90°时会造成第二区段起翘，第一区段与线段MN之间的夹角大于90°的设置可减少甚至避免电化学装置能量密度的损失。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二子区段包括至少两个区段，相邻区段之间的夹角大于等于90°。夹角小于90°时会造成第二子区段起翘，夹角大于90°的设置可减少甚至避免电化学装置能量密度的损失。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二子区段包含n个区段，第n个区段与密封片的侧边连接，从靠近第一子区段的n-1个区段与n个区段的交点距离极耳侧边的距离不超过2.5mm，这样的多区段设置使密封片的顶边贴合更好，可以加强电化学装置的密封性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第一子区段与第二子区段之间还开设凹槽，用于 吸收密封片的形变量。
在一种可能的实施方式中：沿极耳的延伸方向，第二区段和第三区段远离第一区段的一端与包装袋的封装边之间的距离大于或等于0.1mm，该设置可以避免第二区段或者第三区段进入密封区，影响电化学装置的密封性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中：电化学装置还包括电路板，电路板位于密封片的一侧并覆盖密封片露出包装袋的部分，极耳伸出包装袋的一端朝向电路板弯折设置并连接电路板。
在一种可能的实施方式中：包装袋呈矩形，沿极耳的延伸方向，封装边的各处与顶边的第一区段之间的垂直距离相同。如此，可以使封装边的形状规则、稳定，有利于提升密封效果。
本申请的实施例还提供一种电子设备，其包括壳体、电子元件连接线和上述实施例的电化学装置，电子元件连接线和电化学装置设置于壳体内，电子元件连接件电连接电化学装置。
在一种可能的实施方式中：壳体设有收容腔，电化学装置安装于收容腔内，电化学装置的密封片顶边不超出收容腔。
本申请的实施例还提供一种电化学装置的制备方法，用于制备上述实施例的电化学装置，电化学装置的制备方法包括：对密封片的顶边进行模切，使密封片的顶边具有第一区段、第二区段和第三区段，其中，第二区段和第三区段分别位于第一区段两侧，沿极耳的宽度方向，第一区段的长度为A，底边的长度为B，极耳的宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C；沿极耳的延伸方向，第二区段和第三区段上各处与底边之间的距离小于第一区段与底边之间的距离；
焊接极耳与极片，并卷绕或堆叠极片形成电芯；
制备极耳，将密封片与极耳粘接；
将电芯放入包装袋，极耳从包装袋的封装边伸出，且包装袋覆盖部分密封片，密封片的顶边位于包装袋外，底边位于包装袋内；
热压封装包装袋，密封片密封连接于包装袋与极耳之间。
在一种可能的实施方式中：热压封装包装袋的步骤中，热压压力为120±50Kfg，热压温度为190±5℃。
在一种可能的实施方式中：密封片的厚度为30μm-80μm。
在一种可能的实施方式中：对密封片的顶边进行模切后，第二区段或第三区 段的两端之间的距离为第二区段或第三区段的高度H 1，其中，0.15mm≤H 1≤0.7mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，第二区段或第三区段的高度H为，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。该设置可提前为热压时密封片的延伸预留位置而不至于使热压封装包装袋后密封片的第二区段或者第三区段超出密封片的第一区段，有利于降低密封片在电化学装置长度方向的起翘以及厚度方向的曲翘，减少能量密度的损失。
在一种可能的实施方式中：0.3mm≤H 1≤0.5mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm。该设置有利于进一步减少密封片的曲翘量，有利于提高电化学装置的能量密度，且基本不损失电化学装置的漏液率。
在一种可能的实施方式中：对密封片的顶边进行模切后，密封片的底边长度B 1与第一区段的长度A 1之差为：0.2＜B 1-A 1≤8.3mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，0＜B-A≤8mm。当0.2＜B 1-A 1≤8.3时，可提前为热压时密封片的延伸预留位置而不至于使热压封装包装袋后密封片的第一区段的长度超出密封片的底边长度，有利于降低密封片在电化学装置长度方向的起翘以及厚度方向的曲翘，减少能量密度的损失。
在一种可能的实施方式中：2.1mm≤B 1-A 1≤8.3mm，热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后1.8mm≤B-A≤8mm。该设置有利于进一步减少密封片的曲翘量。
在一种可能的实施方式中：3.3mm≤B 1-A 1≤7.3mm，；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，3mm≤B-A≤7mm。该设置有利于进一步减少密封片的曲翘量，使电化学装置具有较高的能量密度，且基本不损失电化学装置的漏液率。
在一种可能的实施方式中：对密封片的顶边进行模切后，第二区段或第三区段连接第一区段的一端距离极耳的长度为W，其中，0.2mm≤W 1≤1.3mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，0.3mm≤W≤1.1mm。
在一种可能的实施方式中：密封片的侧边与极耳对应的侧边之间的距离为X，其中，0.3mm≤X≤4.5mm。
在一种可能的实施方式中：沿极耳的延伸方向，第一区段与底边之间的距离为密封片的高度Y，其中，3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二区段和/或第三区段包括第一子区段和第二子区段，第一子区段位于第一区段和第二子区段之间，第二子区段包括至少一个区段，第一子区段与第一区段连接的端点为M 1，第二子区段与密封片侧边连接 的端点为N 1，端点M 1和端点N 1形成线段M 1N 1，第一区段与所述线段M 1N 1之间的夹角大于或等于90°。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二子区段包括至少两个区段，相邻区段之间的夹角大于或等于90°。
在一种可能的实施方式中：第二子区段包含n个区段，第n个区段与密封片的侧边连接；对所述密封片的顶边进行模切后，所述n个区段的交点距离所述极耳侧边的距离不超过2mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，从靠近第一子区段的n-1个区段与n个区段的交点距离极耳侧边的距离不超过2.5mm。
制备方法的实施方式中密封片在热压封装后的各参数有益效果与前述实施例大致相同，此处不再赘述。热压封装前，部分密封片的裁切尺寸参数大于热压封装后的部分密封片的尺寸，是为了在裁切阶段为密封片后续的热熔形变预留一定的形变余量和容错范围，让密封片的形变量在可控范围内，避免热封后出现密封片外伸、曲翘等问题。
本申请的电化学装置、电子设备和制备方法通过在第二区段、第三区段与第一区段之间形成高度差，在进行热压密封后，第二区段、第三区段不会超出第一区段，第二区段、第三区段与第一区段之间的高度差可以降低密封片向外延伸形变的影响，有利于减少密封片的外露长度尺寸。极耳弯折后，由于密封片不存在起翘问题，密封片的外露长度尺寸减少，也不会在电芯厚度方向上相对电芯凸出，因此电化学装置的整体长度尺寸和厚度尺寸得以减小，使得电化学装置的能量密度增加。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图。
图2为图1所示电化学装置的正视图。
图3为图1所示电化学装置中极耳与密封片的结构示意图。
图4为图3所示结构的正视图。
图5为图1所示电化学装置中电芯与密封片的结构示意图。
图6为图5所示结构的正视图。
图7为图1所示的电化学装置装配至电子装置中的结构示意图。
图8为图7所示结构的正视图。
图9为电化学装置中极耳与密封片在一实施例中的结构示意图。
图10为电化学装置中极耳与密封片在一实施例中的结构示意图。
图11为电化学装置中极耳与密封片在一实施例中的结构示意图。
图12为电化学装置中极耳与密封片在一实施例中的结构示意图。
图13为电化学装置中极耳与密封片在一实施例中的结构示意图。
图14为现有技术中电芯与密封片的结构示意图。
图15为现有技术中电化学装置进行热压密封后，密封片发生变形(起翘)的结构示意图。
图16为现有技术中电化学装置与电子设备发生装配干涉的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
电化学装置                       100
电芯                             1
极片                             11
极耳                             12
包装袋                           2
封装边                           21
密封片                           3
溢胶部                           31
顶边                             4
第一区段                         41
第二区段                         42
第三区段                         43
凹陷部                           44
第一子区段                       45
第二子区段                       46
凹槽                              47
底边                              5
侧边                              6
电路板                            7
电子设备                          200
壳体                              201
收容腔                            202
电子元件连接线                    203
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本申请。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被认为是“设置于”另一个元件，它可以是直接设置在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
参见图1-4，本实施例提供一种电化学装置100，包括电芯1、包装袋2和密封片3。电芯1包括极片11和连接所述极片11的极耳12。所述电芯1设于所述包装袋2中，所述极耳12从所述包装袋2的封装边21伸出。密封片3设置于所述极耳12的表面，所述包装袋2覆盖部分所述密封片3，所述密封片3包 括相对设置的顶边4和底边5，所述顶边4位于所述包装袋2外，所述底边5位于所述包装袋2内。所述顶边4包括第一区段41、第二区段42和第三区段43，所述第二区段42和所述第三区段43分别位于所述第一区段41两侧，沿所述极耳12的宽度方向，所述第一区段41的长度为A，所述底边5的长度为B，极耳12的宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C。沿所述极耳12的延伸方向，所述第二区段42和所述第三区段43上各处与所述底边5之间的距离小于所述第一区段41与所述底边5之间的距离。
如此，沿极耳12延伸方向，第二区段42、第三区段43不会超出第一区段41，第二区段42、第三区段43与第一区段41之间的高度差可以减少密封片3向外延伸形变的影响，减少密封片3的外露尺寸及曲翘量，减少电化学装置100组装时密封片3的顶边4因太长而发生变形翘起的问题，导致电化学装置100与电池仓干涉，同时在电化学装置100厚度方向的曲翘量减少可以减少电化学装置100能量密度的损失。极耳12弯折后，由于密封片3不存在起翘问题，且密封片3的在电化学装置100厚度方向上的尺寸减少，因此电化学装置100的整体厚度尺寸得以减小，使得电化学装置100的能量密度增加。
在本申请的实施例中，图1至图6中显示的密封片3由两片密封胶片夹设极耳12的相对两侧再通过热熔密封形成，使得密封片3可以包围极耳12的周侧，有利于提升极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封效果。在其他实施例中，密封片3也可以由一片密封胶片设置在极耳12表面再通过热熔形成，或者由多片密封胶片夹设极耳12形成，满足实际密封需求即可，本申请不限定于此。上述各区段与底边之间的尺寸关系为密封片热熔之后的尺寸关系。
在本申请的其中一实施方式中，所述第二区段42倾斜连接于所述第一区段41的一端和所述密封片3的一侧边6，所述第三区段43倾斜连接于所述第一区段41的另一端和所述密封片3的另一侧边6，从而使第二区段42和第三区段43在密封片3的顶边4两侧形成倒角结构。第二区段42和第三区段43可以通过裁切密封片3的顶边4而形成，裁切过程可以在极耳12连接极片11之前进行，也就是说，在进行封装过程之前，第二区段42和第三区段43已经形成在密封片3的顶边4。这样，密封片3的外露部分在热压过程中发生变形时，第二区段42和第三区段43处的倒角区域能够起到吸收变形量的作用，减少变形边缘沿极耳12延伸方向超出第一区段41的问题，从而避免增加密封片3的外露 长度尺寸。需要说明的是，第一区段41不一定呈直线，在热压封装后，第一区段41可能会朝向极耳12延伸方向向外略微凸起。受热压设备的压力作用，第一区段41的凸起量很小。
极耳12两侧与第一区段41之间还形成有溢胶部31，是密封片3在热压过程中自然形成，实际生产过程中，溢胶部31尺寸及比例远远小于附图中展示的情况，极耳12弯折后会遮挡溢胶部31，或溢胶部31随极耳12一同弯折，溢胶部31对电化学装置100的尺寸影响可以忽略不计。本申请的附图是为了展示溢胶部31的结构，将其在图中的尺寸和比例进行了放大。
请继续参阅图5和图6，电芯1还包括隔膜，极片11还包括正极片和负极片，隔膜设置在正极片和负极片之间以避免正、负极片接触而造成短路问题。极耳12的数量为两个，一极耳12与正极片连接，另一极耳12与负极片连接，且每一极耳12上对应设置一密封片3，每一密封片3由至少两片密封胶片夹设极耳12再通过热熔形成。在本申请的实施例中，正极片、隔膜和负极片卷绕或堆叠形成所述电芯1，两个极耳12均设置于电芯1的同一端。可以理解，在其他实施例中，两个极耳12还可以分别设置在电芯1的不同端，且极耳12的数量可以多于两个，本申请不现定于此。正极片、隔膜和负极片还可以通过多片堆叠的形式形成所述电芯1，本申请不对电芯1的极片11设置形式进行限定。
如图4所示，在本申请的一种可能的实施方式中，A＜B，密封片3底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A，其中，0＜B-A≤8mm，以使第一区段41的长度A小于底边5的长度B，第一区段41的两侧可以形成第二区段42和第三区段43。若底边5的宽度一定，当B-A的值太大时，会导致第一区段41长度与极耳12宽度的差值太小，在装配时容易导致密封片3与极耳连接处开裂，形成漏液通道，增加电化学装置100的漏液率，此外，B-A的值增大也会导致密封片3第二区段42或者第三区段43进入电化学装置100包装袋2的密封部的风险加大，使电化学装置100的漏液率增加。进一步地，1.8mm≤B-A≤8mm，以使第一区段41两端能够形成明显的第二区段42和第三区段43，减少密封片3的外露尺寸及曲翘量，减少装配时产生的干涉问题，减少电化学装置的能量密度的损失，同时不至于使电化学装置漏液率太高。进一步地，在一实施例中，密封片3底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A优选为3mm≤B-A≤7mm，有利于进一步降低密封片3的外露尺寸并保证电 化学装置100的密封性能。需要说明的是，底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A的参数范围为密封片3热封之后的参数范围，以便确保密封片3的顶边4不会出现向外延伸变形的部分，达到减少密封片3外露尺寸的目的。在测量A的长度时，由于顶边4受热熔影响在极耳12延伸方向存在凸起，判断极耳12两侧的顶边4与底边5之间的距离发生减小的转折位置选取第一区段41的两个端点，两个端点之间的距离即为第一区段41的长度A。在测量B的长度时，测量密封片3两侧边6之间的距离即可；若极耳两侧的转折位置无法判断，可以通过在顶边4凸起最高点向下移0.04mm后测试第一区段41的长度A。
在本申请的其中一实施例中，沿所述极耳12的延伸方向，所述第二区段42或所述第三区段43的两端之间的距离为所述第二区段42或所述第三区段43的高度H，其中，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。在本申请的实施例中，所述第二区段42的两端之间的距离H为：沿极耳12的延伸方向，顶边4的左侧端点与第一区段41的左侧端点之间的垂直距离；所述第三区段43的两端之间的距离H为：沿极耳12的延伸方向，顶边4的右侧端点与第一区段41的右侧端点之间的垂直距离。第一区段41的测量方法已在前述实施例中进行说明，此处不再赘述。H的参数范围也为密封片3热熔之后的第二区段42和/或第三区段43的高度参数范围。也就是说，第二区段42、第三区段43与第一区段41在热封之后的高度差范围为0.05mm～0.5mm，保证第二区段42和第三区段43不超出第一区段41，能够减少密封片3的外伸变形的影响从而达到减少密封片3外露尺寸的目的，和减少后续装配过程中的干涉问题；同时，密封片第二区段42和第三区段43与第一区段41的高度差设置，可使该范围内的密封片3的一部分随极耳12一起弯折，从而减小电化学装置100在长度方向的尺寸，提升电化学装置100的能量密度。H的值超过预设范围时，H的值越大，密封片3的第二区段42、第三区段43进入包装袋2的密封部的风险越大，从而导致电化学装置100密封性降低，漏液率增加。在本申请的实施例中，第二区段42和第三区段43的高度相同，且对称设置在第一区段41的两侧，对称设置方式有利于维持封装效果的统一和减少制备工序。在其他实施例中，第二区段42和第三区段43的高度也可以不相同，满足实际设计需求即可。
进一步地，在一实施方式中，第二区段42或第三区段43的高度H优选为0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm，该参数范围也为密封片3热熔之后的第二区段42和/或第三 区段43的高度参数范围，以进一步减少密封片3的外露尺寸，可同时兼顾电化学装置100能量密度性能以及漏液问题，并满足后续的装配需求。
从密封片3的一侧边6至另一侧边6的方向，也就是密封片3的宽度方向P，所述第二区段42或所述第三区段43连接所述第一区段41的一端距离所述极耳12的长度为W，即密封片3顶边肩宽为W，其中，0.3mm≤W≤1.1mm，该参数范围也为密封片3热熔之后，密封片3顶边4肩宽的参数范围，有利于维持密封片3对极耳12的覆盖效果，保证极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封性能。
进一步地，在本申请的一种可能的实施方式中，沿密封片3的宽度方向P，所述密封片3的侧边6与所述极耳12对应的侧边6之间的距离为X，即密封片3的底边肩宽为X，其中，0.3mm≤X≤4.5mm，以使密封片3底边5端部超出第一区段41的端部，增大位于密封片3在包装袋2内部的接触面积，有利于保证极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封效果。
沿所述极耳12的延伸方向，所述第一区段41与所述底边5之间的距离为所述密封片3的高度Y，其中，3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm，可以根据极耳12的尺寸对应选择合适的数值，以维持极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封效果的同时，合理规划密封片3的高度尺寸，减少密封片3外露部分太多造成的电化学装置100整体尺寸增加的问题。
请再次参阅图2，在本申请的一实施方式中，沿所述极耳12的延伸方向，所述第二区段42和所述第三区段43远离所述第一区段41的一端与所述包装袋2的封装边21之间的距离Z大于或等于0.1mm，减少第二区段或者第三区段嵌入包装袋2的封装区而导致封装不良以及漏液。沿极耳12的延伸方向，密封片3露出封装边21的长度为D，其中Z＜D，以使密封片3的顶边4能够形成第二区段42和第三区段43。进一步地，本申请的包装袋2大致呈矩形。沿极耳12的延伸方向，封装边21的各处与密封片3顶边4的第一区段41之间的垂直距离相同。如此，封装边21的形状规则、稳定，可以使包装袋2的封装区各处的密封效果均衡，有利于提升密封效果，减少应力集中的问题，不容易出现密封薄弱区，降低漏液的风险。需要说明的是，封装边21的各处与密封片3顶边4的第一区段41之间的垂直距离相同并非是指绝对意义上的距离相同，在对比封装边21上任意两处与第一区段41之间的垂直距离时，误差在±3％以内的垂直距离均可以认定为距离相同。
表1和表2为各实施例中，密封片在热压前和热压后的尺寸参数，包括：第一区段41的长度A，底边5的长度B，第一区段41与底边5之间的长度差值B-A，第二区段42和第三区段43的高度H，密封片3的底边肩宽X，密封片3的顶边肩宽W，密封片3露出封装边21的长度D。
表1热压前各实施例中密封片的尺寸参数
Figure PCTCN2022132454-appb-000001
表2热压后各实施例中密封片的尺寸参数及技术效果
Figure PCTCN2022132454-appb-000002
从表1和表2的实施例数据对比中可以看出，虽然密封片3在热压后存在少许变形，如第一区段41的长度A增加，第二区段42和第三区段43的高度H减小，密封片3的顶边肩宽W增加等，但是热压后密封片3的各参数均能够满足前述条件，且密封片3伸出密封侧边的长度D未发生改变，热压前和热压后均为1mm。而对比例中，密封片呈矩形，顶边与底边长度相同时，顶边肩宽也与底边肩宽相同，顶边两侧没有形成第二区段和第三区段，在热压后，第二区段42和第三区段43的高度H沿极耳延伸方向凸起0.4mm，使密封片伸出封装边的长度D明显增长，从1mm增长到了1.4mm，会导致电化学装置100的整体 长度增加，在厚度方向曲翘，影响能量密度，还会造成装配过程中电化学装置100与电池仓的干涉问题。
通过实施例与对比例的数据对比，沿极耳12的延伸方向，第二区段42或第三区段43的两端之间的距离为第二区段42或第三区段43的高度H，其中，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。保证第二区段42和第三区段43不超出第一区段41，能够减少密封片3的外伸变形的影响从而达到减少密封片3外露尺寸的目的，和减少后续装配过程中的干涉问题；同时，密封片第二区段42和第三区段43与第一区段41的高度差设置，可使该范围内的密封片3的一部分随极耳12一起弯折，从而减小电化学装置100在长度方向的尺寸，提升电化学装置100能量密度。实施例20、对比例1和对比例2的数据证明，H的值超过预设范围时，H的值越大，密封片3的第二区段42、第三区段43进入电化学装置100密封部的风险越大，从而导致电化学装置100密封性降低，漏液概率增加。进一步地，第二区段42或第三区段43的高度H优选为0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm，该参数范围也为密封片3热熔之后的第二区段42和/或第三区段43的高度参数范围，以进一步减少密封片3的外露尺寸，可同时兼顾电化学装置100能量密度性能以及漏液问题，并满足后续的装配需求。其中，A＜B，密封片3底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A，0＜B-A≤8mm，以使第一区段41的长度A小于底边5的长度B，第一区段41的两侧可以形成第二区段42和第三区段43。当B-A的值太大时，即第一区段41长度与极耳12宽度的差值太小，在装配时容易导致极耳胶开裂，形成漏液通道，增加电化学装置的漏液比率，此外，B-A的值增大也会导致密封片第二区段42或者第三区段43进入电化学装置100包装袋2的密封部的风险加大，使电化学装置100漏液比率增加。进一步地，1.8mm≤B-A≤8mm，以使第一区段41两端能够形成明显的第二区段42和第三区段43，减少密封片3的外露尺寸及曲翘量，减少装配时产生的干涉问题，减少电化学装置100的能量密度的损失，同时不至于使电化学装置100漏液率太高。进一步地，在一实施例中，密封片3底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A优选为3mm≤B-A≤7mm，有利于进一步降低密封片3的外露尺寸并保证电化学装置100的密封性能。综上，足以证明本申请实施例中的密封片结构能够减少顶边向外延伸形变的影响，减少密封片3的外露尺寸，减少电化学装置100组装时密封片3的顶边4因太长而发生变形翘起的问题，导致电化学装 置100与电池仓干涉，同时减少电化学装置100漏液率太高而影响电化学装置100生产优率。
请参阅图7和图8，在本申请的一种可能的实施方式中，所述电化学装置100还包括电路板7，所述电路板7位于所述密封片3的一侧并覆盖所述密封片3露出所述包装袋2的部分，所述极耳12伸出所述包装袋2的一端朝向所述电路板7弯折设置并连接所述电路板7。由于第二区段42和第三区段43的设置可以减少密封片3顶边4的外伸形变的影响，沿极耳12的延伸方向，第二区段42及第三区段43均不超出第一区段41，电路板7覆盖第一区段41时就能覆盖密封片3的外露部分，密封片3的顶边4没有超出电路板7边缘的部分，因此，电化学装置100的整体尺寸得以减少，从而有利于提升电化学装置100的能量密度。在将电化学装置100装配至电子设备200中时，也不容易出现干涉问题，节约电化学装置100在电子设备200中占用的空间。
请参阅图9和图10，在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二区段42为连接于所述第一区段41的一端和所述密封片3的一侧边6的圆弧段，所述第二区段42朝向所述极耳12的侧边6凹陷，或所述第二区段42朝向所述密封片3的外侧弯曲。在密封片3顶边4端部形成圆角结构。圆角结构可以减少密封片3顶边4端部出现尖锐部分，降低密封片曲翘。第二区段42沿极耳12延伸方向不超出第一区段41，且密封片3的顶边肩宽W和第二区段42的高度H均满足前述实施例的参数要求，达到减少密封片3外露尺寸的目的。
所述第三区段43为连接于所述第一区段41的另一端和所述密封片3的另一侧边6的圆弧段，所述第三区段43朝向所述极耳12的侧边6凹陷，或，所述第三区段43朝向所述密封片3的外侧弯曲。第三区段43沿极耳12延伸方向不超出第一区段41，且密封片3的顶边肩宽W和第三区段43的高度H均满足前述实施例的参数要求，达到减少密封片3外露尺寸的目的。在本申请的实施例中，圆角结构的第二区段42和第三区段43对称设置于第一区段41的两端，同时为向外侧弯曲的圆角结构，或同时为向内侧凹的圆角结构。在其他实施例中，第二区段42和第三区段43还可以一个呈现向外侧弯曲的圆角结构，另一个呈现向内侧凹的圆角结构，满足实际设计需求即可。
请参阅图11，所述第二区段42和/或所述第三区段43设凹陷部44，从而使第二区段42和/或所述第三区段43包括第一子区段45和第二子区段46，第一 子区段45位于第一区段41和第二子区段46之间，所述第二子区段46包括至少一个区段，第一子区段45与第一区段41连接的端点为M，第二子区段46与所述密封片3侧边连接的端点为N，连接端点M和端点N形成线段MN，第一区段41与所述线段MN之间的夹角大于等于90°。
在本申请的一实施方式中，所述第一子区段45和所述第二子区段46分别为所述凹陷部44的相邻两边，所述第一子区段45和所述第二子区段46之间的夹角小于180°，以使第二区段42和第三区段43具有朝向极耳12侧边6内凹的台阶面结构，能够进一步减少密封片3外伸变形的影响，减少密封片3的外露尺寸。在其他实施例中，如图13所示，第二子区段46包括至少两个区段，相邻区段之间的夹角大于等于90°，这样的多区段结构，能够使密封片3的外伸形变量基本发生在电化学装置100的平面范围内，降低密封片3在电化学装置100厚度方向的曲翘量，有助于减少能量密度的损失。在本申请的一种可能的实施方式中，第二子区段46包含n个区段，第n个区段与密封片3的侧边连接，从靠近第一子区段45的n-1个区段与n个区段的交点距离极耳12侧边的距离不超过2.5mm，这样的多区段设置密封片3顶边4贴合更好，可以加强电化学装置的密封性能。
进一步地，请参阅图12，所述第一子区段45与所述第二子区段46之间还开设凹槽47，凹槽47结构可以呈圆弧形、矩形、多边形等，用于吸收所述密封片3的形变量，并且在凹槽47的作用下，密封片3在热压变形时，第一子区段45和第二子区段46可以相互靠拢，减少顶边4外延伸变形的风险。
请再次参阅图7和图8，本申请的实施例还提供一种电子设备200，该电子设备200包括壳体201、电子元件连接线203和上述实施例所述的电化学装置100，所述电子元件连接线203和所述电化学装置100设置于所述壳体201内，所述电子元件连接线203通过电路板7电连接电化学装置100中的电芯1。具体地，所述壳体201设有收容腔202，所述电化学装置100安装于所述收容腔202内，所述电化学装置100的密封片3顶边4不超出所述收容腔202。第二区段42和第三区段43的设置减少了密封片3的顶边4在热压后的外延伸起翘问题，从而使电化学装置100放置在收容腔202时不会出现干涉问题，可以在一定程度上减小收容腔202尺寸，有利于电子设备200的小型化发展。
本申请的电化学装置100和电子设备200通过在第二区段42、第三区段43 与第一区段41之间形成高度差，在进行热压密封后，第二区段42、第三区段43不会超出第一区段41，第二区段42、第三区段43与第一区段41之间的高度差可以抵消密封片3向外延伸的形变量，从而减少出现密封片3的顶端两侧出现起翘问题，不会导致密封片3的外露长度尺寸增加。极耳12弯折后，由于密封片3不存在起翘问题，密封片的外露长度尺寸减少，也不会在电芯厚度方向上相对电芯凸出，因此电化学装置100的整体长度尺寸和厚度尺寸得以减小，使得电化学装置100的能量密度增加。
本申请的实施例还提供一种电化学装置的制备方法，用于制备上述实施例中的电化学装置100，所述电化学装置的制备方法包括步骤：
对密封片3的顶边4进行模切，使密封片3的顶边4具有第一区段41、第二区段42和第三区段43，其中，所述第二区段42和所述第三区段43分别位于所述第一区段41两侧，沿所述极耳12的宽度方向，所述第一区段41的长度为A，所述底边5的长度为B，极耳12的宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C；沿所述极耳12的延伸方向，所述第二区段42和所述第三区段43上各处与所述底边5之间的距离小于所述第一区段41与所述底边5之间的距离；
制备极耳12，将密封片3与极耳12粘接；
焊接极耳12与极片11，并卷绕或堆叠极片形成电芯1；将电芯1放入包装袋2，极耳12从包装袋2的封装边21伸出，且包装袋2覆盖部分密封片3，密封片3的顶边4位于包装袋外，底边5位于包装袋内；
热压封装包装袋2，密封片3密封连接于包装袋2与极耳12之间。
在本申请的实施例中，密封片3的材料包括聚丙烯。密封片3的厚度为30μm-80μm，熔化温度为123±5℃-158±10℃。此厚度范围内的密封片3可以起到有效密封的同时，又不过度增加包装袋2封装区的厚度，为后续电路板的安装预留足够空间。
在热压封装步骤中，热压压力为120±50Kfg，热压温度为190±5℃，密封片3的延伸量可通过热压参数进行轻微调整，温度越高，压力越大，热压时间越长，延伸量也会随之增加。本申请中热压参数的限定能够使密封片在密封极耳与包装袋的同时，尽量减少密封片的延伸量，尽量减少延伸量对密封片外露长度尺寸的影响。
在本申请的实施中，热压封装过程完成后，密封片3的底边5长度B与第一 区段41的长度A之差为：0＜B-A≤8mm，以使第一区段41的长度A小于底边5的长度B，第一区段41的两侧可以形成第二区段42和第三区段43。所述第二区段42和所述第三区段43的高度H为：0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm，保证第二区段42和第三区段43不超出第一区段41，能够减少密封片的外伸变形的影响，从而达到减少密封片外露尺寸的目的，和减少后续装配过程中的干涉问题。密封片3的顶边肩宽W为：0.3mm≤W≤1.1mm，有利于维持密封片3对极耳12的覆盖效果，保证极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封性能。密封片3的底边5肩宽X为：0.3mm≤X≤4.5mm，以使密封片3的底边5端部超出第一区段41的端部，增大位于密封片3在包装袋2内部的接触面积，有利于保证极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封效果。密封片3的高度Y为：3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm，以维持极耳12与包装袋2之间的密封效果的同时，合理规划密封片3的高度尺寸，减少密封片3外露部分太多造成的电化学装置100整体尺寸增加的问题。
进一步地，在本申请的其中一实施例中，1.8mm≤B-A≤8mm，以使第一区段41两端能够形成明显的第二区段42和第三区段43，减少密封片3的外露尺寸，减少装配时产生的干涉问题，减少电化学装置的能量密度的损失。进一步地，在另一实施例中，密封片3底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A优选为3mm≤B-A≤7mm，有利于进一步降低密封片3的外露尺寸。需要说明的是，底边5的长度B与第一区段41的长度A之差为B-A的参数范围为密封片3热封之后的参数范围，以便确保密封片3的顶边4不会出现向外延伸变形的部分，达到减少密封片3外露尺寸的目的。
进一步地，在一实施方式中，第二区段42或第三区段43的高度H优选为0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm，该参数范围也为密封片3热熔之后的第二区段42和/或第三区段43的高度参数范围，以进一步减少密封片3的外露尺寸，满足后续的装配需求。
在本申请的一种可能的实施方式中，第二区段42和/或第三区段43设凹陷部44，从而使第二区段42和/或第三区段43包括第一子区段45和第二子区段46，第一子区段45位于第一区段41和第二子区段46之间，第二子区段46包括至少一个区段，第一子区段45与第一区段41连接的端点为M 1，第二子区段46与所述密封片3侧边连接的端点为N 1，连接端点M 1和端点N 1形成线段M 1N 1，第一区段41与所述线段M 1N 1之间的夹角大于等于90°。
在本申请的一实施方式中，第二子区段46包括至少两个区段，相邻区段之间的夹角大于等于90°，这样的多区段结构，能够使密封片3的外伸形变量基本发生在电化学装置100的平面范围内，降低密封片3在电化学装置100厚度方向的曲翘量，有助于减少能量密度的损失。
进一步地，第二子区段46包含n个区段，第n个区段与密封片3的侧边连接。在热压封装过程之前，将第二子区段46裁切为n个区段时，使所述n个区段的交点距离所述极耳12侧边的距离不超过2mm，以便为密封片提供一定的形变空间。在热压封装过程之后，从靠近第一子区段45的n-1个区段与n个区段的交点距离极耳12侧边的距离不超过2.5mm，这样的多区段设置密封片3顶边4贴合更好，可以加强电化学装置的密封性能。
另外，第二区段42包括第一子区段45和第二子区段46，第二子区段46包含n个区段，第二子区段46的第n个区段通过在密封片和极耳粘接步骤之前裁切密封片形成，第一子区段45和第二子区段的n-1个区段可以通过调整热压压力和热压温度使极耳12两侧的密封片3的部分区域沿极耳12延伸方向的延伸量增加，这有利于密封片12的紧密贴合，降低漏液率。
在本申请的实施方式中，密封片进行裁切后，并且在热压封装步骤之前，密封片的底边长度B 1与第一区段的长度A 1之差为：0.2＜B 1-A 1≤8.3mm。进一步地，所述第二区段和所述第三区段的高度H 1为：0.15mm≤H 1≤0.7mm，密封片的顶边肩宽W 1为：0.2mm≤W 1≤1.3mm。密封片的底边肩宽X为：0.3mm≤X≤4.5mm。密封片的高度Y为：3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm。热压封装前，部分密封片的裁切尺寸参数大于热压封装后的部分密封片的尺寸，是为了在裁切阶段为密封片后续的热熔形变预留一定的形变余量和容错范围，让密封片的形变量在可控范围内，避免热封后出现密封片外伸、曲翘等问题。
以上实施方式仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照以上较佳实施方式对本申请进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本申请的技术方案进行修改或等同替换都不应脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种电化学装置，包括：
    电芯，包括极片和连接所述极片的极耳；
    包装袋，所述电芯设于所述包装袋中，所述极耳从所述包装袋的封装边伸出；
    密封片，设置于所述极耳的表面，所述包装袋覆盖部分所述密封片，所述密封片包括相对设置的顶边和底边，所述顶边位于所述包装袋外，所述底边位于所述包装袋内；
    其特征在于，所述顶边包括第一区段、第二区段和第三区段，所述第二区段和所述第三区段分别位于所述第一区段两侧，沿所述极耳的宽度方向，所述第一区段的长度为A，所述底边的长度为B，所述极耳的宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C；
    沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述第二区段和所述第三区段上各处与所述底边之间的距离小于所述第一区段与所述底边之间的距离；
    沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述第二区段或所述第三区段的两端之间的距离为所述第二区段或所述第三区段的高度H，其中，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：0＜B-A≤8mm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：1.8mm≤B-A≤8mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：3mm≤B-A≤7mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第二区段或所述第三区段连接所述第一区段的一端距离所述极耳的长度为W，其中，0.3mm≤W≤1.1mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述密封片的侧边与所述极耳对应的侧边之间的距离为X，其中，0.3mm≤X≤4.5mm。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述第一区段与所述底边之间的距离为所述密封片的高度Y，其中，3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第二区段倾斜连接于所述第一区段的一端和所述密封片的一侧边，所述第三区段倾斜连接于所述第一区段的另一端和所述密封片的另一侧边。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第二区段为连接于所述第一区段的一端和所述密封片的一侧边的圆弧段，所述第二区段朝向所述极耳的侧边凹陷，或所述第二区段朝向所述密封片的外侧弯曲。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第三区段为连接于所述第一区段的另一端和所述密封片的另一侧边的圆弧段，所述第三区段朝向所述极耳的侧边凹陷，或，所述第三区段朝向所述密封片的外侧凸出。
  12. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第二区段和/或所述第三区段包括第一子区段和第二子区段，所述第一子区段位于第一区段和第二子区段之间，所述第二子区段包括至少一个区段，所述第一子区段与所述第一区段连接的端点为M，所述第二子区段与所述密封片侧边连接的端点为N，连接端点M和端点N形成线段MN，所述第一区段与所述线段MN之间的夹角大于或等于90°。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第二子区段包括至少两个区段，相邻区段之间的夹角大于或等于90°。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述第二子区段包含n个区段，第n个区段与所述密封片的侧边连接，从靠近所述第一子区段的n-1个区段与所述n个区段的交点距离所述极耳侧边的距离不超过2.5mm。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一子区段与所述第二子区段之间还开设凹槽，用于吸收所述密封片的形变量。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述第二区段和所述第三区段远离所述第一区段的一端与所述包装袋的所述封装边之间的距离大于或等于0.1mm。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述电化学装置还包括电路板，所述电路板位于所述密封片的一侧并覆盖所述密封片露出所述包装袋的部分，所述极耳伸出所述包装袋的一端朝向所述电 路板弯折设置并连接所述电路板。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：
    所述包装袋呈矩形，沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述封装边的各处与所述顶边的所述第一区段之间的垂直距离相同。
  19. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括壳体、电子元件连接线和权利要求1-18任一项所述的电化学装置，所述电子元件连接线和所述电化学装置设置于所述壳体内，所述电子元件连接线电连接所述电化学装置。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电子设备，其特征在于：
    所述壳体设有收容腔，所述电化学装置安装于所述收容腔内，所述电化学装置的密封片顶边不超出所述收容腔。
  21. 一种电化学装置的制备方法，用于制备权利要求1-18任一项所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置的制备方法包括：
    对所述密封片的顶边进行模切，使所述密封片的顶边具有第一区段、第二区段和第三区段，其中，所述第二区段和所述第三区段分别位于所述第一区段两侧，沿所述极耳的宽度方向，所述第一区段的长度为A，所述底边的长度为B，所述极耳的宽度为C，满足B＞A≥C；沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述第二区段和所述第三区段上各处与所述底边之间的距离小于所述第一区段与所述底边之间的距离；
    将所述密封片与所述极耳粘接；
    焊接所述极耳与极片，并卷绕或堆叠所述极片形成电芯；
    将所述电芯放入所述包装袋，所述极耳从所述包装袋的封装边伸出，且所述包装袋覆盖部分所述密封片，所述密封片的顶边位于所述包装袋外，所述密封片的底边位于所述包装袋内；
    热压封装所述包装袋，所述密封片密封连接于所述包装袋与所述极耳之间。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    所述热压封装所述包装袋的步骤中，热压压力为120±50Kfg，热压温度为190±5℃。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    所述密封片的厚度为30μm-80μm。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    对所述密封片的顶边进行模切后，所述第二区段或所述第三区段的两端之间的距离为所述第二区段或所述第三区段的高度H 1，其中，0.15mm≤H 1≤0.7mm；
    所述热压封装所述包装袋的步骤完成后，所述第二区段或所述第三区段的高度为H，0.05mm≤H≤0.5mm。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    0.3mm≤H 1≤0.5mm；所述热压封装所述包装袋的步骤完成后，0.15mm≤H≤0.3mm。
  26. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    对所述密封片的顶边进行模切后，所述密封片的底边长度为B 1，所述第一区段的长度A 1，满足：0.2＜B 1-A 1≤8.3mm；
    所述热压封装所述包装袋的步骤完成后，0＜B-A≤8mm。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    2.1mm≤B 1-A 1≤8.3mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，1.8＜B-A≤8mm。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    3.3mm≤B 1-A 1≤7.3mm；热压封装包装袋的步骤完成后，3＜B-A≤7mm。
  29. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    对所述密封片的顶边进行模切后，所述第二区段或所述第三区段连接所述第一区段的一端距离所述极耳的长度为W 1，其中，0.2mm≤W 1≤1.3mm；
    所述热压封装所述包装袋的步骤完成后，0.3mm≤W≤1.1mm。
  30. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    所述密封片的侧边与所述极耳对应的侧边之间的距离为X，其中，0.3mm≤X≤4.5mm。
  31. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    沿所述极耳的延伸方向，所述第一区段与所述底边之间的距离为所述密封片的高度Y，其中，3.5mm≤Y≤12.5mm。
  32. 根据权利要求21所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    所述第二区段和/或所述第三区段包括第一子区段和第二子区段，所述第一子区段位于第一区段和第二子区段之间，所述第二子区段包括至少一个区段，所述第一子区段与所述第一区段连接的端点为M 1，所述第二子区段与所述密封片侧边连接的端点为N 1，连接端点M 1和端点N 1形成线段M 1N 1，所述第一区段与所述线段M 1N 1之间的夹角大于或等于90°。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    所述第二子区段包括至少两个区段，相邻区段之间的夹角大于或等于90°。
  34. 根据权利要求32所述的电化学装置的制备方法，其特征在于：
    所述第二子区段包含n个区段，第n个区段与所述密封片的侧边连接；
    对所述密封片的顶边进行模切后，所述n个区段的交点距离所述极耳侧边的距离不超过2mm；
    所述热压封装所述包装袋的步骤完成后，从靠近所述第一子区段的n-1个区段与所述n个区段的交点距离所述极耳侧边的距离不超过2.5mm。
PCT/CN2022/132454 2022-11-17 2022-11-17 电化学装置、电子设备和电化学装置的制备方法 WO2024103325A1 (zh)

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