WO2024099373A1 - 一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024099373A1
WO2024099373A1 PCT/CN2023/130546 CN2023130546W WO2024099373A1 WO 2024099373 A1 WO2024099373 A1 WO 2024099373A1 CN 2023130546 W CN2023130546 W CN 2023130546W WO 2024099373 A1 WO2024099373 A1 WO 2024099373A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
alloy material
mass percentage
mass
phase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/130546
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许晋
卢琦
谢希
姚勋
夏冰冰
余志欣
Original Assignee
北京车和家汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2024099373A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024099373A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloys, and in particular relates to an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Aluminum alloys are gradually replacing copper alloys as the main material for automotive motor rotors due to their high specific strength, low cost and high recyclability. To meet performance requirements, aluminum alloys must have high strength and high conductivity.
  • US20210332461A1 discloses a cast aluminum rotor material suitable for high-pressure casting, containing 4-6% Ni, 0.2-0.8% Fe, and 0.01-0.1% Ti. Ni is mainly added to form a NiAl 3 eutectic phase to improve the castability of the alloy.
  • CN 113981278A discloses a high-conductivity heat-resistant pressure casting aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy contains 1.8-3.8% Ni, 0.25-0.30% Fe, 0.006-0.15% Zr, 0.0015-0.025% Cr, and 0.001-0.02% V.
  • High strength and high conductivity are achieved by combining NiAl 3 eutectic phase and trace elements Fe, Zr, Cr, and V to form high-temperature stable fine and dispersed intermetallic compounds.
  • US20220090234A1 discloses a high vacuum die-casting aluminum alloy rotor material, the aluminum alloy contains 1.5-6.5% Ni, 0.1-1.5% Si, 0.1-3% Mg, Fe ⁇ 0.2%, Mn ⁇ 0.65%, Ti ⁇ 0.12%, V ⁇ 0.15%, Zr ⁇ 0.15%, Mo ⁇ 0.15%, Cr ⁇ 0.01, Sr ⁇ 0.02, combined with NiAl 3 eutectic phase and Mg 2 Si heat treatment strengthening to improve performance.
  • the above technologies all add and control the alloy element Ni, and improve the casting performance by forming the NiAl 3 eutectic phase while minimizing the impact on the electrical conductivity.
  • the trace elements Fe, Zr, Cr, V are added to form intermetallic compounds or the yield strength is improved by heat treatment strengthening of Mg 2 Si.
  • the above technologies all have the problem of excessive addition of the main element Ni and too low Fe content, resulting in high material costs. However, if the content of Ni and Fe is changed, the strength and electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy material may be affected.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • the aluminum alloy material has the advantages of high strength, high conductivity and low cost.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the present disclosure provides an aluminum alloy material, wherein the cast structure of the aluminum alloy material contains, in addition to an aluminum matrix, a eutectic phase NiAl 3 , a primary solidified phase FeNiAl 9 and a primary solidified phase Fe 4 Al 13 .
  • the present disclosure has found through research that under low Ni/Fe ratio conditions, in addition to NiAl 3 phase and FeNiAl 9 phase, Fe 4 Al 13 phase will be produced in the aluminum alloy, which has good thermal stability, helps to inhibit the slip of defects such as high-temperature dislocations, stabilizes the performance of the aluminum alloy material, and improves the strength.
  • the simultaneous appearance of Fe 4 Al 13 phase also indicates that the Ni/Fe ratio in the aluminum alloy material is low, and further indicates that the Ni content is less and the Fe element content is high, which is conducive to reducing costs. Therefore, by combining NiAl 3 phase, FeNiAl 9 phase and Fe 4 Al 13 phase, the obtained aluminum alloy material has the advantages of high strength, high conductivity and low cost.
  • the mass content of the eutectic phase NiAl 3 is 0.2-2.2%
  • the mass content of the primary solidified phase FeNiAl 9 is 0.1-1.1%
  • the mass content of the primary solidified phase Fe 4 Al 13 is 1-6%
  • the ⁇ -Al grain size in the aluminum alloy material is less than 100 ⁇ m.
  • the mass content of the eutectic phase NiAl 3 is 0.2-2.2% (for example, it can be 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2% or 2.2%, etc.);
  • the mass content of the primary solidified phase FeNiAl9 is 0.1-1.1% (for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0% or 1.1%, etc.);
  • the mass content of the primary solidified phase Fe4Al13 is 1-6% (for example, it can be 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% or 6%, etc.); and the ⁇ -Al grain size in the aluminum alloy material is below 100 ⁇ m (for example, it can be 100 ⁇ m, 95 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m, 85 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 75 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m or 10 ⁇ m, etc.).
  • the eutectic phase NiAl 3 helps to improve the fluidity of the aluminum alloy material and makes it easy to cast.
  • the NiAl 3 content is positively correlated with the Ni addition amount.
  • An increase in the NiAl 3 content means an increase in the Ni content, that is, an increase in the cost.
  • the high content of the primary solidification phase FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 can effectively suppress the dissolution of Fe in the mold.
  • the increase in the content of FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 means an increase in the Fe content, which allows the aluminum alloy provided by the present disclosure to use waste aluminum with a high iron content as a raw material, which helps to reduce costs.
  • FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 have good thermal stability, which helps to suppress the slip of defects such as high-temperature dislocations and stabilize the performance of the material. Therefore, FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 help to improve the strength of the aluminum alloy material, but too high a content will split the matrix and reduce the elongation of the material. Refining the ⁇ -Al grains helps to improve the strength and elongation of the material.
  • the present invention can further optimize the electrical conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy material while reducing the cost by reasonably regulating the contents of the eutectic phase NiAl 3 , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 and refining the ⁇ -Al grain size.
  • the aluminum alloy material does not contain other secondary phases except the eutectic phase NiAl 3 , and the primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 .
  • the other crystalline phases in the aluminum alloy material except the main Al crystalline phase are collectively referred to as "second phases".
  • second phases the other crystalline phases in the aluminum alloy material except the main Al crystalline phase.
  • the primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 it may lead to enhanced impurity scattering or matrix fragmentation, thereby affecting the electrical conductivity, strength and other properties of the aluminum alloy material.
  • the aluminum alloy material includes the following components in percentage by mass:
  • the mass percentage of Ni may be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4% or 1.5%, etc.
  • the mass percentage of Fe may be 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.3% or 2.5%, etc.
  • the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr may be 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14% or 0.15%, etc.
  • the present disclosure has found that under the Ni/Fe ratio conditions of the present disclosure, in addition to the NiAl 3 phase and the FeNiAl 9 phase, the Fe 4 Al 13 phase will also be produced, which has good thermal stability, helps to inhibit the slip of defects such as high-temperature dislocations, stabilize the performance of the aluminum alloy material, and improve the strength.
  • the present invention reduces the Ni content, increases the Fe content, reduces the Ni/Fe ratio, and regulates the contents of the eutectic phase NiAl 3 , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 , and Fe 4 Al 13 ; on the other hand, it refines the ⁇ -Al grains by regulating the grain refining elements (Ti, V, Nb, Zr, and B), thereby further optimizing the electrical conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy material while reducing the cost.
  • the grain refining elements Ti, V, Nb, Zr, and B
  • the mass ratio of Ni to Fe in the aluminum alloy material is 0.2-1.5; for example, it can be 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 or 1.5, etc.
  • the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is ⁇ 0.15%; preferably 0.02-0.07%.
  • the mass percentage of Ti is ⁇ 0.1%, for example, it may be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%, etc.;
  • the mass percentage of Nb is ⁇ 0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%;
  • V The mass percentage of V is ⁇ 0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%;
  • the mass percentage of Zr is ⁇ 0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%.
  • the aluminum alloy material further contains B.
  • the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is ⁇ 2 (for example, it may be 2, 1.8, 1.5, 1.2, 1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 or 0, etc.); preferably ⁇ 0.5.
  • the mass percentage of B is ⁇ 0.05%; for example, it may be 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.006%, 0.005%, 0.003%, 0.001% or 0%, etc.
  • Ti, V, Nb, Zr and B are grain refining elements, which help to improve melt cleanliness, reduce hydrogen absorption tendency, improve fluidity, and refine ⁇ -Al grains and ultimately improve the strength and elongation of the material.
  • the total content of Ti, Nb, V and Zr to be ⁇ 0.02%, and the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr to be ⁇ 2, it is helpful to fully refine the ⁇ -Al grains and improve the performance of the aluminum alloy material.
  • the mass percentage of Ti is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of Nb is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of V is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of Zr is >0.1%, or the mass percentage of B is >0.05%, or the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is >0.15%, or the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is >2, it is easy to induce the formation of a second phase containing Ti, Nb, V, Zr and/or B, reducing the strength and conductivity of the material.
  • the contents of Ti, V, Nb, Zr and B in the present disclosure preferably meet the content or ratio requirements described in the present disclosure, and preferably meet the total mass percentage of Ti, Nb, V and Zr of 0.02-0.15%, and the mass percentage of Ti ⁇ 0.1%.
  • the mass percentage of Nb is ⁇ 0.1%
  • the mass percentage of V is ⁇ 0.1%
  • the mass percentage of Zr is ⁇ 0.1%
  • the mass percentage of B is ⁇ 0.05%
  • the ratio of the mass of B to the total mass of Ti, Nb, V and Zr is ⁇ 2.
  • the total mass percentage of Mn, Cr and Si in the aluminum alloy material is ⁇ 0.25%; for example, it can be 0.25%, 0.23%, 0.22%, 0.2%, 0.18%, 0.16%, 0.15%, 0.13%, 0.12%, 0.1%, 0.08%, 0.05%, 0.02% or 0%, etc.
  • the mass percentage of Mn in the aluminum alloy material is ⁇ 0.1%, for example, it may be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%, etc.;
  • the mass percentage of Cr is ⁇ 0.05%, for example, it can be 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.005%, 0.002% or 0%;
  • the mass percentage of Si is ⁇ 0.1%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.06%, 0.05%, 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% or 0%.
  • the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si in the aluminum alloy material is ⁇ 0.5; for example, it may be 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 or 0, etc.
  • Mn, Cr and Si are impurities, and the less their content, the better, but these elements are often inevitably contained in existing aluminum raw materials.
  • the mass percentage of Mn in the aluminum alloy material is greater than 0.1%, or the mass percentage of Cr is greater than 0.05%, or the mass percentage of Si is greater than 0.1%, or the total mass percentage of Mn, Cr and Si is greater than 0.25%, or the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si is greater than 0.5
  • other secondary phases other than the eutectic phase NiAl 3 the primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 are easily generated, affecting the electrical conductivity, strength and other properties of the aluminum alloy material.
  • the aluminum alloy material contains Mn, Cr, and Si
  • their contents must respectively meet the content or proportion requirements described in the present disclosure, and preferably must simultaneously meet the requirements that the total mass percentage of Mn, Cr and Si is ⁇ 0.25%, the mass percentage of Mn is ⁇ 0.1%, the mass percentage of Cr is ⁇ 0.05%, the mass percentage of Si is ⁇ 0.1%, and the ratio of the total mass of Mn and Cr to the mass of Si is ⁇ 0.5.
  • the content of other impurities except Mn, Cr and Si is ⁇ 0.1wt%.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy material as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • the raw materials of each element, especially the aluminum material can be either electrolytic aluminum with a low iron content or scrap aluminum with a high iron content.
  • the aluminum alloy material prepared using the latter as the raw material not only has a lower cost, but also maintains or even exceeds the performance of the former.
  • the smelting temperature is 680-800°C (for example, 680°C, 690°C, 700°C, 710, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C or 800°C, etc.),
  • the time is 120-180 min (for example, it can be 120 min, 130 min, 140 min, 150 min, 160 min, 170 min or 180 min, etc.).
  • the refining temperature is 680-800°C (for example, it can be 680°C, 690°C, 700°C, 710, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C or 800°C, etc.), and the refining time is 15-30 min (for example, it can be 15 min, 18 min, 20 min, 22 min, 25 min, 28 min or 30 min, etc.).
  • the insulation temperature is 680-800°C (for example, it can be 680°C, 690°C, 700°C, 710, 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C, 760°C, 770°C, 780°C, 790°C or 800°C, etc.), and the time is 30-120min (for example, it can be 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min or 120min, etc.).
  • the casting is low pressure casting, differential pressure casting, squeeze casting or high pressure casting.
  • the present disclosure provides an application of the aluminum alloy material as described in the first aspect, wherein the aluminum alloy material is used to manufacture automobile parts.
  • the automotive component is a motor rotor, a wire, or an inverter.
  • the electrical conductivity of the obtained aluminum alloy material is ⁇ 48% IACS
  • the yield strength at room temperature is ⁇ 75MPa
  • the tensile strength is ⁇ 160MPa
  • the elongation is ⁇ 10%
  • the yield strength attenuation rate after insulation at 180°C for 100h is ⁇ 10%. It has the advantages of high strength, good conductivity and low cost, and has good fluidity. It can be cast by low pressure, differential pressure, extrusion or high pressure, and is suitable for the production of motor rotors, wires, inverters and other automotive parts.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing the phase composition and phase relationship of the Al-rich corner of the Al-xFe-yNi system under non-equilibrium solidification of aluminum alloy materials.
  • Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5 each provide an aluminum alloy material, which is prepared according to the following method:
  • the second aluminum alloy liquid was kept at 740°C for 30 minutes, and the alloy was cast by low pressure casting (pressure 0.01 MPa, pressure holding 120 seconds), differential pressure casting (pressure difference between upper and lower cavities 0.1 MPa, pressure holding 80 seconds), and squeeze casting (pressure 15 MPa, pressure holding 25 seconds). Or high pressure casting (slow pressure and fast pressure switching point 240mm, injection speed 3m/s, pressure 35MPa, pressure holding 20s) to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
  • Casting parameters the mold is pre-sprayed with a release agent and preheated to 180°C, the casting temperature is controlled at 720°C, and the ejection temperature is 370°C.
  • the test method for the content of Mn, Cr and Si is as follows: elemental analysis is measured by inductively coupled plasma spectrometer, and the analysis error is 3-5%. Powder is sawed from different areas of the alloy sample and mixed, and 1g of powder is sent for analysis. Each batch of samples is tested twice independently and the average value is calculated.
  • the test method for the content of NiAl 3 , FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 is: using an X-ray diffractometer to perform powder diffraction on the powdered alloy sample.
  • the test conditions are: Cu target K ⁇ ray; 2 ⁇ angle range 10-90°; scanning step length 0.02°; scanning speed 0.33°/s.
  • the test results are refined by Topas.
  • test method for ⁇ -Al grain size is: observe the metallographic sample through an optical microscope to obtain polarized photos, and use the intercept method (ASTM standard E112-10) to calculate the grain size.
  • Room temperature yield strength Tested according to GB/T 228.1-2021 Tensile tests for metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test methods;
  • Room temperature tensile strength Tested according to GB/T 228.1-2021 Tensile test for metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test method;
  • High temperature resistance Keep the aluminum alloy material at 180°C for 100h, test its yield strength, and calculate the strength decay rate.
  • the aluminum alloy material provided by the present invention has an electrical conductivity ⁇ 48% IACS, a yield strength ⁇ 75 MPa at room temperature, a tensile strength ⁇ 160 MPa, an elongation ⁇ 10%, a yield strength attenuation rate of ⁇ 10% after insulation at 180°C for 100 hours, a low Ni/Fe ratio, and has the advantages of high strength and high conductivity and low cost, and has good fluidity, and can be cast by low pressure, differential pressure, extrusion or high pressure.
  • Example 7 Compared with Example 7, the Ni content of Comparative Example 1 is too little and the Ni/Fe ratio is too low, resulting in too low contents of the eutectic phase NiAl 3 and the primary solidification phase FeNiAl 9 , resulting in a decrease in the electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy material.
  • Example 8 Compared with Example 8, the Fe content in Comparative Example 2 is too little and the Ni/Fe ratio is too high, resulting in too low content of the primary solidification phase Fe 4 Al 13 and decreased yield and tensile strengths of the aluminum alloy material.
  • Example 9 Compared with Example 9, the respective contents, total content and (Mn+Cr)/Si mass ratio of Mn, Cr and Si in Comparative Example 3 are too high, resulting in the production of other second phases rich in Mn, Cr and Si elements in the aluminum alloy material in addition to the eutectic phase NiAl 3 , the primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 , and the electrical conductivity and elongation of the aluminum alloy material are reduced.
  • Example 10 Compared with Example 10, the total content of Ti, Nb, V and Zr in Comparative Example 4 is too high, resulting in the production of second phases rich in Ti, Nb, V and Zr elements in addition to the eutectic phase NiAl 3 , primary solidification phases FeNiAl 9 and Fe 4 Al 13 in the aluminum alloy material, and the strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy material are reduced.
  • Example 11 Compared with Example 11, the B/(Ti+Nb+V+Zr) mass ratio in Comparative Example 5 is too large, resulting in the production of other second phases rich in B elements in the aluminum alloy material in addition to the eutectic phase NiAl 3 and the primary solidification phase FeNiAl 9 , and the ⁇ -Al grain size is larger, and the electrical conductivity, strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy material are reduced.
  • phase composition and phase relationship of the Al-rich corner of the Al-xFe-yNi system (0 ⁇ x/y ⁇ 7) under non-equilibrium solidification were calculated by Calphad thermodynamics for the aluminum alloy materials provided by the present invention and the aluminum alloy materials of Rio Tinto (US20220090234A1), Tesla (US20210332461A1), and Shenzhen Xinshen (CN 113981278A), and the results are shown in Figure 1.
  • the aluminum alloy of the prior art is mainly composed of aluminum matrix (Fcc), NiAl 3 and FeNiAl 9 in the range of Ni and Fe; while the aluminum alloy provided in the present disclosure is mainly composed of aluminum matrix (Fcc), NiAl 3 , FeNiAl 9 , Fe 4 Al 13 in the range of Ni and Fe in the present disclosure.
  • Different phase compositions will result in different alloy properties.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用。所述铝合金材料的铸态组织中除了铝基体外，还含有共晶相NiAl 3、一次凝固相FeNiAl 9和Fe 4Al 13。所述铝合金材料是通过将含有各元素的原料经熔炼、精炼、除气、除渣和铸造后得到。铝合金材料可采用低压、差压、挤压或高压的方式进行铸造，适合制作电机转子、导线，逆变器等汽车零部件。

Description

一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于申请号为202211398488.9、申请日为2022年11月09日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本公开作为参考。
技术领域
本公开属于铝合金技术领域，具体涉及一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
驱动感应电机正在向高集成化、高压化和高功率密度化发展。随着转速不断提高，对转子材料的性能也要求更高。铝合金凭借高比强度、低成本和高回收性，逐步取代铜合金成为汽车电机转子的主要材料。为满足性能需求，铝合金必须具备高强度和高电导率。
为了得到高强高导的铸造铝合金材料，需要通过合金化改善。US20210332461A1公开了一种适用于高压铸造的铸铝转子材料，含有4-6％Ni、0.2-0.8％Fe、0.01-0.1％Ti，主要通过添加Ni形成NiAl3共晶相，提高合金铸造性。CN 113981278A公开了一种高导电耐热压力铸造铝合金及其制备方法，铝合金含有1.8-3.8％Ni，0.25-0.30％Fe，0.006-0.15％Zr，0.0015-0.025％Cr，0.001-0.02％V，通过结合NiAl3共晶相和微量元素Fe、Zr、Cr、V形成高温稳定的细小和弥散的金属间化合物实现高强高导。US20220090234A1公开了一种高真空压铸铝合金转子材料，铝合金含有1.5-6.5％Ni，0.1-1.5％Si，0.1-3％Mg，Fe<0.2％，Mn<0.65％，Ti<0.12％，V<0.15％，Zr<0.15％，Mo<0.15％，Cr<0.01，Sr<0.02，结合NiAl3共晶相和Mg2Si热处理强化改善性能。
以上技术均通过添加并调控合金元素Ni，在尽可能减小对导电性能的影响下，通过形成NiAl3共晶相提高铸造性能，其次通过添加微量元素Fe、Zr、Cr、V形成金属间化合物或者Mg2Si热处理强化提高屈服强度。然而，以上技术均存在主元素Ni含量添加过多，Fe元素含量过低，导致材料成本较高的问题。但若改变Ni和Fe的含量，又可能会影响铝合金材料的强度和导电性能。
因此，有待开发一种在降低成本的同时又具有高强高导性能的铝合金材料。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用。该铝合金材料兼具高强高导和低成本的优点。
为达此目的，本公开采用以下技术方案：
第一方面，本公开提供一种铝合金材料，所述铝合金材料的铸态组织中除了铝基体外，还含有共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和一次凝固相Fe4Al13。
本公开通过研究发现，在低Ni/Fe比条件下，铝合金中除了NiAl3相和FeNiAl9相之外，还会产生Fe4Al13相，其热稳定性好，有助于抑制高温位错等缺陷的滑移，稳定铝合金材料的性能，提高强度。同时出现Fe4Al13相，也表明铝合金材料中Ni/Fe比低，进而表明Ni含量添加少，Fe元素含量多，有利于降低成本。因此，通过NiAl3相、FeNiAl9相和Fe4Al13相的配合，从而使得到的铝合金材料兼具高强高导和低成本的优点。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述共晶相NiAl3的质量含量为0.2-2.2％，所述一次凝固相FeNiAl9的质量含量为0.1-1.1％，所述一次凝固相Fe4Al13的质量含量为1-6％；
且所述铝合金材料中的α-Al晶粒尺寸在100μm以下。
所述共晶相NiAl3的质量含量为0.2-2.2％(例如可以是0.2％、0.5％、0.8％、1％、1.1％、1.4％、1.5％、1.7％、2％或2.2％等)；
所述一次凝固相FeNiAl9的质量含量为0.1-1.1％(例如可以是0.1％、0.2％、0.3％、0.4％、0.5％、0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％、1.0％或1.1％等)；
所述一次凝固相Fe4Al13的质量含量为1-6％(例如可以是1％、1.5％、2％、2.5％、3％、3.5％、4％、4.5％、5％、5.5％或6％等)；且所述铝合金材料中的α-Al晶粒尺寸在100μm以下(例如可以是100μm、95μm、90μm、85μm、80μm、75μm、70μm、65μm、60μm、50μm、40μm、30μm、20μm或10μm等)。
共晶相NiAl3有助于提高铝合金材料的流动性，使其易于铸造。NiAl3含量与Ni添加量正相关，NiAl3含量增加则意味着Ni含量增加，即成本提高。高含量的一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13能够有效抑制模具中Fe的溶损。且FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13含量增加意味着Fe含量增加，这使得本公开提供的铝合金可以以高铁含量的废铝为原料，这有助于降低成本。同时FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13的热稳定性好，有助于抑制高温位错等缺陷的滑移，稳定材料的性能，因此FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13有助于提高铝合金材料的强度，但含量过高会割裂基体，降低材料的延伸率。细化α-Al晶粒有助于提高材料的强度和延伸率。
本公开通过合理调控共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13的含量，并细化α-Al晶粒尺寸，可以在降低成本的同时，进一步优化铝合金材料的导电性能和强度。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料中除所述共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13外，不含有其他第二相。
需要说明的是，铝合金材料中除主体Al晶相之外的其他晶相统称为“第二相”。本公开中，在存在除共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13之外的其他第二相的情况下，可能导致杂质散射增强或基体被割裂，从而影响铝合金材料的导电性、强度等性能。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料包括如下质量百分比的组分：
Ni 0.5-1.5％，Fe 0.8％-2.5％，Ti、Nb、V和Zr中的一种或多种，且Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比≥0.02％，余量为Al。
其中，所述Ni的质量百分比可以是0.5％、0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％、1％、1.1％、1.2％、1.3％、1.4％或1.5％等。
所述Fe的质量百分比可以是0.8％、0.9％、1％、1.2％、1.3％、1.5％、1.6％、1.8％、2％、2.2％、2.3％或2.5％等。
所述Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比可以是0.02％、0.03％、0.04％、0.05％、0.06％、0.07％、0.08％、0.09％、0.1％、0.11％、0.12％、0.13％、0.14％或0.15％等。
本公开通过研究发现，在本公开的Ni/Fe比例条件下，除了NiAl3相和FeNiAl9相之外，还会产生Fe4Al13相，其热稳定性好，有助于抑制高温位错等缺陷的滑移，稳定铝合金材料的性能，提高强度。
本公开一方面通过降低Ni含量，提高Fe含量，降低Ni/Fe比，调控共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13含量；另一方面通过调控晶粒细化元素(Ti、V、Nb、Zr和B)，细化α-Al晶粒，从而可以在降低成本的同时，进一步优化铝合金材料的导电性能和强度。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料中Ni与Fe的质量比为0.2-1.5；例如可以是0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4或1.5等。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比≤0.15％；优选为0.02-0.07％。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述Ti的质量百分比≤0.1％，例如可以是0.1％、0.09％、0.08％、0.07％、0.06％、0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.005％或0％等；
所述Nb的质量百分比≤0.1％，例如可以是0.1％、0.09％、0.08％、0.07％、0.06％、0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.005％或0％等；
所述V的质量百分比≤0.1％，例如可以是0.1％、0.09％、0.08％、0.07％、0.06％、0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.005％或0％等；
所述Zr的质量百分比≤0.1％，例如可以是0.1％、0.09％、0.08％、0.07％、0.06％、0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.005％或0％等。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料中还含有B。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述B的质量与所述Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量之比≤2(例如可以是2、1.8、1.5、1.2、1、0.8、0.5、0.3、0.2、0.1或0等)；优选≤0.5。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述B的质量百分比≤0.05％；例如可以是0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.008％、0.006％、0.005％、0.003％、0.001％或0％等。
本公开中，Ti、V、Nb、Zr和B为晶粒细化元素，有助于提高熔体清洁度，降低吸氢倾向，改善流动性，同时细化α-Al晶粒并最终提高材料的强度和延伸率。通过控制Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总含量≥0.02％，以及B的质量与Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量之比≤2，有助于充分细化α-Al晶粒，改善铝合金材料的性能。但在Ti的质量百分比﹥0.1％，或Nb的质量百分比﹥0.1％，或V的质量百分比﹥0.1％，或Zr的质量百分比﹥0.1％，或B的质量百分比﹥0.05％，或Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比﹥0.15％，或B的质量与Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量之比﹥2的情况下，均容易诱导含Ti、Nb、V、Zr和/或B的第二相生成，降低材料强度和电导率。因此，本公开中Ti、V、Nb、Zr、B含量优选分别满足本公开中所述的含量或比例要求，优选同时满足Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比为0.02-0.15％，Ti的质量百分比≤0.1％， Nb的质量百分比≤0.1％，V的质量百分比≤0.1％，Zr的质量百分比≤0.1％，B的质量百分比≤0.05％，B的质量与Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量之比≤2。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料中Mn、Cr和Si的总质量百分比≤0.25％；例如可以是0.25％、0.23％、0.22％、0.2％、0.18％、0.16％、0.15％、0.13％、0.12％、0.1％、0.08％、0.05％、0.02％或0％等。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料中Mn的质量百分比≤0.1％，例如可以是0.1％、0.09％、0.08％、0.07％、0.06％、0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.005％或0％等；
Cr的质量百分比≤0.05％，例如可以是0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.008％、0.005％、0.002％或0％等；
Si的质量百分比≤0.1％，例如可以是0.1％、0.09％、0.08％、0.07％、0.06％、0.05％、0.04％、0.03％、0.02％、0.01％、0.005％或0％等。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铝合金材料中Mn和Cr的总质量与Si的质量之比≤0.5；例如可以是0.5、0.4、0.3、0.2、0.1、0.05或0等。
需要说明的是，本公开中Mn、Cr和Si为杂质，其含量越少越好，但现有铝材原料中往往不可避免地含有这些元素。在铝合金材料中Mn的质量百分比﹥0.1％，或Cr的质量百分比﹥0.05％，或Si的质量百分比﹥0.1％，或Mn、Cr和Si的总质量百分比﹥0.25％，或Mn和Cr的总质量与Si的质量之比﹥0.5的情况下，均容易产生除共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13外的其他第二相，影响铝合金材料的导电性、强度等性能。因此，对于本公开，在铝合金材料中含有Mn、Cr、Si的情况下，其含量需分别满足本公开中所述的含量或比例要求，优选需同时满足Mn、Cr和Si的总质量百分比≤0.25％，Mn的质量百分比≤0.1％，Cr的质量百分比≤0.05％，Si的质量百分比≤0.1％，Mn和Cr的总质量与Si的质量之比≤0.5的要求。
本公开的铝合金材料中，除Mn、Cr和Si之外的其他杂质含量≤0.1wt％。
第二方面，本公开提供一种如第一方面所述的铝合金材料的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)按照所述铝合金材料中各元素的配比，将含有各元素的原料混合进行熔炼，得到第一铝合金液；
(2)对所述第一铝合金液进行精炼、除气和除渣，得到第二铝合金液；
(3)将所述第二铝合金液保温后经铸造得到所述铝合金材料。
由于本公开提供的铝合金材料中Fe的含量较高，各元素的原料，尤其是铝料，既可以是低铁含量的电解铝，也可以是高铁含量的废铝，且后者为原料制备的铝合金材料不仅成本更低，且性能保持甚至超过前者。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述熔炼的温度为680-800℃(例如可以是680℃、690℃、700℃、710、720℃、730℃、740℃、750℃、760℃、770℃、780℃、790℃或800℃等)， 时间为120-180min(例如可以是120min、130min、140min、150min、160min、170min或180min等)。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述精炼的温度为680-800℃(例如可以是680℃、690℃、700℃、710、720℃、730℃、740℃、750℃、760℃、770℃、780℃、790℃或800℃等)，时间为15-30min(例如可以是15min、18min、20min、22min、25min、28min或30min等)。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述保温的温度为680-800℃(例如可以是680℃、690℃、700℃、710、720℃、730℃、740℃、750℃、760℃、770℃、780℃、790℃或800℃等)，时间为30-120min(例如可以是30min、40min、50min、60min、70min、80min、90min、100min、110min或120min等)。
在本公开的一些实施方式中，所述铸造为低压铸造、差压铸造、挤压铸造或高压铸造。
第三方面，本公开提供一种如第一方面所述的铝合金材料的应用，所述铝合金材料用于制作汽车零部件。
在一些实施例中，所述汽车零部件为电机转子、导线或逆变器。
本公开通过利用NiAl3相、FeNiAl9相和Fe4Al13相配合，从而使得到的铝合金材料兼具高强高导和低成本的优点。
另外，通过进一步优化，得到的铝合金材料的电导率≥48％IACS，室温条件下屈服强度≥75MPa，抗拉强度≥160MPa，延伸率≥10％，180℃保温100h的屈服强度衰减率≤10％，其同时具有强度高、导电性好和成本低的优点，且流动性良好，可采用低压、差压、挤压或高压的方式进行铸造，适合用于制作电机转子、导线、逆变器等汽车零部件。
附图说明
图1为铝合金材料在非平衡凝固下Al-xFe-yNi体系富Al角的相组成和相关系图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本公开的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了，所述具体实施方式仅仅是帮助理解本公开，不应视为对本公开的具体限制。
实施例1-11和对比例1-5
实施例1-11和对比例1-5各提供一种铝合金材料，按照如下方法进行制备：
(1)按照铝合金材料中各元素的配比，将工业纯铝、Al Ni合金、Al-Fe合金、Al-Ti合金、Al-Nb合金、Al-V合金、Al-Zr合金和/或Al-B合金原料加入熔炼炉中，在740℃下熔炼120min，得到第一铝合金液；
(2)向所述第一铝合金液中加入0.5wt％的精炼剂，在740℃下精炼15min，用高纯氩气进行除气，静置15min后除渣，得到第二铝合金液；
(3)将所述第二铝合金液在740℃下保温30min，通过低压铸造(压力0.01MPa，保压120s)、差压铸造(上下型腔压差0.1MPa，保压80s)、挤压铸造(压力15MPa，保压25s) 或高压铸造(慢压快压转换点240mm，压射速度3m/s，压力35MPa，保压20s)得到所述铝合金材料。铸造参数：模具预喷涂脱模剂并预热到180℃，控制浇铸温度720℃，出模温度370℃。
其中，实施例1-11和对比例1-5提供的铝合金材料中各元素的含量和铸造方法如下表1所示：
表1元素含量(wt％)和铸造方法
实施例1-11和对比例1-5提供的铝合金材料中各元素的比例和组织信息如下表2所示：
表2元素比例和组织信息

其中，Mn、Cr、Si的含量的测试方法为：元素分析通过电感耦合等离子体发生光谱仪测量，分析误差为3～5％。在合金样品上的不同区域锯取粉末并混匀后，送1g粉末进行分析。每批次样品进行两次独立测试后求取平均值。
NiAl3、FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13含量的测试方法为：采用X射线衍射仪对粉末状合金样品进行粉末衍射。测试条件为：Cu靶Kα射线；2θ角范围10～90°；扫描步长为0.02°；扫描速度0.33°/s。对测试结果进行Topas精修。
α-Al晶粒尺寸的测试方法为：通过光学显微镜观察金相样品获取偏光照片，采用截线法(ASTM standard E112-10)进行晶粒尺寸统计。
性能测试：
对上述实施例1-11和对比例1-5提供的铝合金材料的电导率，室温下的屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率和耐高温性进行测试，测试方法如下：
电导率：根据GB/T 12966-2022铝及铝合金电导率涡流测试方法测试；
室温屈服强度：根据GB/T 228.1-2021金属材料拉伸试验第一部分：室温测试方法测试；
室温抗拉强度：根据GB/T 228.1-2021金属材料拉伸试验第一部分：室温测试方法测试；
室温延伸率：根据GB/T 228.1-2021金属材料拉伸试验第一部分：室温测试方法测试；
耐高温性：将铝合金材料在180℃下保温100h，测试其屈服强度，计算强度衰减率。
上述测试的结果如下表3所示：
表3
从上述实施例的性能数据可以看出，本公开提供的铝合金材料的电导率≥48％IACS，室温条件下屈服强度≥75MPa，抗拉强度≥160MPa，延伸率≥10％，180℃保温100h的屈服强度衰减率≤10％，Ni/Fe比低，兼具高强高导和成本低的优点，且流动性良好，可采用低压、差压、挤压或高压的方式进行铸造。
其中，与实施例7相比，对比例1的Ni含量过少，Ni/Fe比过低，导致共晶相NiAl3和一次凝固相FeNiAl9的含量过低，导致铝合金材料的电导率下降。
与实施例8相比，对比例2的Fe含量过少，Ni/Fe比过高，导致一次凝固相Fe4Al13的含量过低，铝合金材料的屈服和抗拉强度下降。
与实施例9相比，对比例3中Mn、Cr、Si各自的含量、总含量和(Mn+Cr)/Si质量比均过高，导致铝合金材料中产生了除共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13之外的其他富含Mn、Cr、Si元素的第二相，铝合金材料的电导率和延伸率下降。
与实施例10相比，对比例4中Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总含量过高，导致铝合金材料中产生了除共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13之外的其他富含Ti、Nb、V和Zr元素的第二相，铝合金材料的强度和延伸率下降。
与实施例11相比，对比例5中B/(Ti+Nb+V+Zr)质量比过大，导致铝合金材料中产生了除共晶相NiAl3和一次凝固相FeNiAl9之外的其他富含B元素的第二相，且α-Al晶粒尺寸较大，铝合金材料的电导率、强度和延伸率下降。
分别对本公开提供的铝合金材料和力拓(US20220090234A1)、特斯拉(US20210332461A1)、深圳鑫申(CN 113981278A)的铝合金材料在非平衡凝固下Al-xFe-yNi体系(0≤x/y≤7)富Al角的相组成和相关系进行Calphad热力学计算，结果如图1所示。
从图1中可以看出，现有技术的铝合金在其Ni、Fe所占区间下，主要由铝基体(Fcc)、NiAl3和FeNiAl9组成；而本公开提供的铝合金在本公开的Ni、Fe所占区间下，主要由铝基体(Fcc)、NiAl3、FeNiAl9、Fe4Al13组成。相组成不同会造成合金性能差异。
以上所述仅是本公开的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本公开。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本公开将不会被限制于本文所述的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种铝合金材料，其中，所述铝合金材料的铸态组织中除了铝基体外，还含有共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和一次凝固相Fe4Al13。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的铝合金材料，其中，所述共晶相NiAl3的质量含量为0.2-2.2％，所述一次凝固相FeNiAl9的质量含量为0.1-1.1％，所述一次凝固相Fe4Al13的质量含量为1-6％；
    且所述铝合金材料中的α-Al晶粒尺寸在100μm以下。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝合金材料，其中，所述铝合金材料中除所述共晶相NiAl3、一次凝固相FeNiAl9和Fe4Al13外，不含有其他第二相。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的铝合金材料，其中，所述铝合金材料包括如下质量百分比的组分：
    Ni 0.5-1.5％，Fe 0.8％-2.5％，Ti、Nb、V和Zr中的一种或多种，且Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比≥0.02％，余量为Al。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的铝合金材料，其中，所述Ni与Fe的质量比为0.2-1.5；
    优选地，所述Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量百分比≤0.15％，优选为0.02-0.07％；
    优选地，所述Ti的质量百分比≤0.1％，所述Nb的质量百分比≤0.1％，所述V的质量百分比≤0.1％，所述Zr的质量百分比≤0.1％。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的铝合金材料，其中，所述铝合金材料中还含有B；
    优选地，所述B的质量与所述Ti、Nb、V和Zr的总质量之比≤2，优选≤0.5；
    优选地，所述B的质量百分比≤0.05％。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的铝合金材料，其中，所述铝合金材料中Mn、Cr和Si的总质量百分比≤0.25％；
    优选地，所述铝合金材料中Mn的质量百分比≤0.1％，Cr的质量百分比≤0.05％，Si的质量百分比≤0.1％；
    优选地，所述铝合金材料中Mn和Cr的总质量与Si的质量之比≤0.5。
  8. 一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的铝合金材料的制备方法，其中，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
    (1)按照所述铝合金材料中各元素的配比，将含有各元素的原料混合进行熔炼，得到第一铝合金液；
    (2)对所述第一铝合金液进行精炼、除气和除渣，得到第二铝合金液；
    (3)将所述第二铝合金液保温后经铸造得到所述铝合金材料。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其中，所述熔炼的温度为680-800℃，时间为120-180min；
    优选地，所述精炼的温度为680-800℃，时间为15-30min；
    优选地，所述保温的温度为680-800℃，时间为30-120min；
    优选地，所述铸造为低压铸造、差压铸造、挤压铸造或高压铸造。
  10. 一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的铝合金材料的应用，其中，所述铝合金材料用于制作汽车零部件；
    优选地，所述汽车零部件为电机转子、导线或逆变器。
PCT/CN2023/130546 2022-11-09 2023-11-08 一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用 WO2024099373A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211398488.9A CN118006969A (zh) 2022-11-09 2022-11-09 一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用
CN202211398488.9 2022-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024099373A1 true WO2024099373A1 (zh) 2024-05-16

Family

ID=90943450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/130546 WO2024099373A1 (zh) 2022-11-09 2023-11-08 一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN118006969A (zh)
WO (1) WO2024099373A1 (zh)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4080222A (en) * 1974-03-01 1978-03-21 Southwire Company Aluminum-iron-nickel alloy electrical conductor
US4192693A (en) * 1971-11-01 1980-03-11 Southwire Company Aluminum copper alloy electrical conductor and method
JPH0979288A (ja) * 1995-09-08 1997-03-25 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 変速機用同期リングおよびその製造方法
US5753725A (en) * 1995-03-08 1998-05-19 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Dry friction material and method of preparing the same
CN113355565A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-07 山东宏和轻量化科技有限公司 一种适于挤压铸造的可耐高温焊接的铝合金及其制备方法
WO2022073301A1 (zh) * 2020-10-09 2022-04-14 东莞理工学院 一种Al-Si合金及其制备方法和应用
CN114959378A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-08-30 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 一种铝硅合金和铝硅合金的铸件的制备方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4192693A (en) * 1971-11-01 1980-03-11 Southwire Company Aluminum copper alloy electrical conductor and method
US4080222A (en) * 1974-03-01 1978-03-21 Southwire Company Aluminum-iron-nickel alloy electrical conductor
US5753725A (en) * 1995-03-08 1998-05-19 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Dry friction material and method of preparing the same
JPH0979288A (ja) * 1995-09-08 1997-03-25 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 変速機用同期リングおよびその製造方法
WO2022073301A1 (zh) * 2020-10-09 2022-04-14 东莞理工学院 一种Al-Si合金及其制备方法和应用
CN113355565A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-07 山东宏和轻量化科技有限公司 一种适于挤压铸造的可耐高温焊接的铝合金及其制备方法
CN114959378A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-08-30 湖南江滨机器（集团）有限责任公司 一种铝硅合金和铝硅合金的铸件的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN118006969A (zh) 2024-05-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2020259534A1 (zh) 高导热铝合金材料及其制备方法
JP5383916B2 (ja) 高強度多元素耐熱性アルミニウム合金材料およびその調製方法
WO2020020382A1 (zh) 一种高导热率铝合金及其制备方法
WO2011023060A1 (zh) 高强耐热铝合金材料及其制备方法
CN115852214B (zh) 一种可热处理强化高强韧铝合金及制备方法
CN101294247B (zh) 铝合金细化剂及用该细化剂制备的铝合金
CN110952002A (zh) 一种应用于5g手机中板的非热处理强化高强高韧铝合金材料及其制备方法
CN115537613B (zh) 一种新能源汽车电机壳体铝合金及其成形方法
CN110408807A (zh) 一种亚共晶Al-Si铸造合金及其制备方法
CN111286658A (zh) 一种可压铸的高导热阻燃镁合金及其制备方法
CN113667850B (zh) 一种废杂铝合金制备zl111的方法
WO2024099373A1 (zh) 一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用
CN111979455A (zh) 一种压铸铝合金及其制备方法和应用
CN114438375A (zh) 高强高导热高导电的高压铸造铝合金
CN113862529B (zh) 一种铝合金及其制备方法
CN113718144A (zh) 一种高塑性高弹性模量铝-硅系铸造合金及其制法与应用
CN113278831A (zh) 一种废杂铝制备再生adc12铝合金的方法
CN112921204A (zh) 一种再生铝硅合金的复合细化变质剂及其制备方法
CN105838937A (zh) 一种具有高力学性能的Al-Si-Mg-Sr-Sc-Ti铸造合金及其制备方法
JP2022539416A (ja) アルミニウム合金、その製造方法及びアルミニウム合金の構造部材
CN114277289B (zh) 一种压铸铝合金及其制备方法、阳极氧化外观件、电子设备
Wu et al. Effects of Al-Ti-B-Sr master alloy on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy
CN107058835A (zh) 一种高强度、抗高温蠕变压铸镁合金及其制备方法
CN116716523B (zh) 免热处理压铸铝合金及其制备方法和应用
WO2024099379A1 (zh) 一种铝合金材料及其制备方法和应用