WO2024098725A1 - 以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合及制法 - Google Patents
以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合及制法 Download PDFInfo
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- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 6-[(E)-C-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-N-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C/C(=N/O)/C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000646858 Salix arbusculoides Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O LRCFXGAMWKDGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021478 household food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC1CC(=NO1)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950006191 gluconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitramide Chemical compound N[N+]([O-])=O SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001790 sodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XWNXEWLCHSLQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;triacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O XWNXEWLCHSLQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/08—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- the present invention provides a product set and a preparation method that are particularly suitable for using mixed waste wood as raw materials through a cleaning process, and involves the waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, or waste plastics collected from today's society, obtained in ways including demolition/construction in the construction industry, or/and residential decoration, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, etc., for clean resource recycling.
- the present invention belongs to the category of comprehensive utilization of waste wood or waste plastic regeneration.
- waste wood chips and plastics are used to make wood-plastic composite products.
- the mixing and compounding process of fluffy wood chips and plastics is to use a fast mixer to mix them first, and then use a high-torque and low-speed heating machine to heat them.
- the extruder first hot-extrudes the waste wood chips and plastic mixture into the most basic and bulk wood-plastic composite granule stock.
- This stock contains many process drawbacks. Then, this stock is used to further adjust the formula according to the material requirements specified by the customer of the specific small-volume wood-plastic composite products.
- This "bulk wood-plastic composite granule stock" is mixed with plastic-containing particles of modified materials such as additives, and then introduced into the extruder for wood-plastic products.
- the material is hot-extruded, cooled at the die outlet, or the hot extruded material is injected into the shaping mold to obtain the wood-plastic composite product.
- the wood-plastic composite product industry when fluffy wood chips and waste plastic films that may also be fluffy are mixed and hot-extruded to make "bulk wood-plastic composite granule stock", especially when the waste plastic film contains impurities such as aluminum foil, there are process drawbacks such as high energy consumption and high pollution.
- the specific manifestations of the "process disadvantages” are: first, the foamy wood-plastic mixture in a non-molten state is difficult to be introduced into the feed port of the high-torque screw extruder.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cleaning product set and preparation method using waste wood fragments as raw materials in view of the insufficiency of the existing application technology of "waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, or waste plastics collected from today's society, etc., obtained through the demolition/construction of the construction industry, or/and residential decoration, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, etc.”
- the main product in the "product set” is hydrophilic debonded fiber, whose physical properties can at least partially or completely replace traditional recycled pulp and be used as a raw material for papermaking, or be further processed into bleached pulp; the by-products are either a lignin/resin mixture product, or/and a wood-plastic composite recycled material coarse particle product.
- waste wood described in Concept 1 at least refers to waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components obtained from demolition/construction in the construction industry, or/and residential decoration, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, etc.
- the "product collection” described in Concept 1 includes at least: a combination of a hydrophilic debonded fiber product ⁇ that can partially or completely replace at least recycled pulp from waste corrugated paperboard for papermaking purposes, and at least a product ⁇ that can be used as a soil organic conditioner, etc., or/and a wood-plastic composite recycled mass coarse particle product ⁇ .
- the "hydrophilic debonding fiber product ⁇ that can partially or completely replace recycled paper pulp of at least waste corrugated paperboard for papermaking purposes” described in Concept 4 must have at least three material characteristics. First, it must not float on the water surface when entering the water, so that when used for papermaking, the "hydrophilic debonding fiber” can be sucked under the water surface by a pump, and the “hydrophilic debonding fiber” and water can be sprayed onto the wet-end felt of the papermaking machine by a pump nozzle; second, when the "hydrophilic debonding fiber” is used by downstream papermaking enterprises, when it is subjected to working conditions such as high-concentration grinding and exposed to water at a temperature above 70°C, it will not turn the water dark brown like hot water for brewing tea leaves; third, in the production process of the "hydrophilic debonding fiber", the water involved contains Na + or/and K + or/and Mg The ratio of the gram mole of 2+ to the volume of "water” is ⁇
- the “waste wood material” and “proper particle size” mentioned in Concept 1 are specifically conceived as follows: due to the “environmental protection red line” mentioned in Concept 5, the liquid-to-solid penetration of the “waste wood material” during hot water solution immersion will be severely weakened. In order to compensate for the “severely weakened liquid-to-solid penetration”, the current method of soaking wood chips in alkali solution in order to obtain more long fibers in wood pulping will be changed to “graded or mixed particle size of waste wood long fiber bundles with any mesh number of 3 to 28 mesh sieves” that sacrifices some long fiber yield, that is, to increase the surface area of the wood solid phase material.
- the flow direction of the brown/black liquor in the water used is opposite to the flow direction of the "waste wood long fiber bundle fragments" described in Concept 6, so as to minimize the amount of water involved in delignification/resin; in the process of preparing the "hydrophilic decomposed fiber product ⁇ ", the liquid and solid phase mixture must be heated to ⁇ 70°C at least twice, and each time it is heated, it is followed by a solid-liquid separation, and at least three solid-liquid separations are performed in total to meet the requirement of "the second" described in Concept 5.
- a calibration object with relatively constant hardness and inter-fiber bonding force is provided, so that the quality can be known by directly pinching/rubbing the calibration object and the sample to be tested; using conventional analytical methods, the ratio of the water-soluble organic matter content in the "brown/black liquor” and the hot water extract of the "hydrophilic debonding fiber product ⁇ " is defined.
- a collection of clean products using waste wood and waste wood chips as raw materials characterized in that: waste wood chips, or waste plastics as raw materials, are processed through a series/parallel integrated clean production process and a combination of equipment or devices, and finally a collection of clean products is obtained.
- the specific composition of the "product collection” is composed of the main product ⁇ described below, and any one or both of the by-products ⁇ and ⁇ :
- the main product ⁇ is a hydrophilic debonded fiber product, which uses part of the aforementioned "waste wood fragments" as raw materials: waste wood is crushed by any one or more combinations of sawing/milling/cutting/hammering, and then sieved to obtain slender fiber bundle fragments with any mesh number of 3 to 28 mesh, or/and machine-planed wood shavings with a thickness of no more than 1mm; brown/black liquor will be discharged during the preparation process, and the weight of the "brown/black liquor” is W brown/black liquor , and the water content in the main product ⁇ obtained does not exceed 15%
- Said ⁇ which can be further divided into ⁇ -1 - a hydrophilic debonded fiber product controlled to be low hydrophilic with a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR, and ⁇ -2 - a hydrophilic debonded fiber product controlled to be high hydrophilic with a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR;
- ⁇ -1 lignin/resin mixture products obtained by direct use or distillation and concentration of "brown/black liquor”
- ⁇ -2 lignin/resin mixture products obtained by adsorption and concentration of "brown/black liquor”
- ⁇ -3 lignin/resin mixture products obtained by chemical or biochemical decolorization and precipitation of "brown/black liquor”;
- the " ⁇ ” in the product set has more features as follows 1-1; the “ ⁇ ” has more features as follows 1-2; the “ ⁇ ” has more features as follows 1-3:
- the " ⁇ " described above is characterized by at least the following A to F, or a combination of A to F and G:
- Raw materials used waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, obtained from demolition/construction of the construction industry, or/and renovation of residential buildings, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, and then mechanically crushed by sawing/milling/cutting/hammering or any combination thereof, and then sieved to obtain the crushed waste wood as part of the raw materials: crushed elongated fiber bundles of any mesh number of graded or mixed particle size in the range of 3 mesh to 28 mesh;
- Or and by-product material 2 using activated carbon and acidic clay to purify the above-mentioned "brown/black liquor” to prepare circulating water for decolorization and adsorption sludge; or adding sulfuric acid to the above-mentioned "brown/black liquor” to acidify it to a pH value not exceeding 7.0, and using activated carbon or activated carbon and acidic clay to purify circulating water to obtain decolorization and adsorption sludge;
- decolorized sediment sludge obtained by using chemical or biochemical methods to purify water from the aforementioned "brown/black liquor”;
- the color is not more concentrated than the color of the "brown/black liquor” in item B diluted 16 times with clean water when detected by colorimetric tube or colorimeter, or the COD or BOD value detected by instrument is not higher than the COD or BOD value of the "brown/black liquor” in item B diluted 16 times with clean water, or the potassium permanganate fading consumption value measured by volumetric titration method is not higher than the potassium permanganate fading consumption value of the "brown/black liquor" in item B diluted 16 times with clean water;
- the form of product ⁇ can be any one of loose meat floss-like wet material with a water content of no more than 75%, meat floss-like dry material with a water content of no more than 20%, paper-like dry material with a water content of no more than 20%, compacted brick-like dry material with a water content of no more than 20%, and compacted granular dry material with a water content of no more than 20%;
- the ratio of the gram mole of Na + or/and K + or/and Mg2 + contained in the water to the liter volume of "water” is ⁇ 0.034mol/L; and the fiber material is impregnated with water of not less than 70°C at least twice to remove the lignin/resin in the fiber; the gradually concentrated brown/black liquor in the "water” flow is countercurrent to the flow of the fiber material in the production process; or a water-insoluble or poorly soluble substance is added as a whisker additive, and the amount added is ⁇ 1-3-5-9 parts by weight, that is, ⁇ 1 part by weight or ⁇ 3 parts by weight or ⁇ 5 parts by weight or ⁇ 9 parts by weight, to 100 parts by weight of the absolute dry fiber in the main product ⁇ or its intermediate product, and low-ash whisker grafting/coating is performed on the fiber surface;
- the " ⁇ ” described above is made from at least any one of the "by-product material 1", "by-product material 2" and “by-product material 3" described in Item B of 1-1, including the "intermediate product or product ⁇ " obtained by packaging alone, or after dehydration, concentration or drying and then packaging, and its variety and dosage form characteristics are H and I respectively:
- Product range Organic liquid soil improvement ⁇ plant nutrient agent ⁇ -1, which is obtained by directly using or dehydrating and concentrating the "by-product material 1" - the brown/black liquor discharged from the hot water delignification/resin process, and can be formulated and applied, that is, the lignin/resin mixture product obtained by directly using or distilling and concentrating the "brown/black liquor”;
- the "by-product material 2" - the decolorized adsorption sludge obtained by using an adsorbent to purify the aforementioned "brown/black liquor” to produce circulating water, which can be used directly or after being dehydrated and dried, can be formulated into an organic-inorganic mixed colloid or solid soil improvement/plant nutrient, or ⁇ -2 as a filler for rubber/plastic products, that is, a lignin/resin mixture product obtained from the "brown/black liquor" through the adsorption and concentration path;
- Dosage forms include: liquid, colloid, powder, granule, or compressed;
- wood refers to waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, obtained from at least one of the following sources, including demolition/construction in the construction industry, or/and renovation of residential buildings, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, and then mechanically crushed by sawing/milling/cutting/hammering or any combination thereof, and then sieved to obtain another part of the waste wood crushed materials: waste wood crushed materials passing through a 28-mesh sieve, or waste wood crushed materials passing through a 3-mesh sieve;
- waste plastics "waste plastics" as described in L, at least including any one or more combinations as described below: miscellaneous waste plastic film residues discarded from waste paper recycling, including floating plastic-containing materials obtained by water flotation of the "miscellaneous waste plastic film residues", or/and sinking plastic-containing materials; waste plastic film packaging bags of commodities, cutting/punching edge materials in the production of plastic film packaging bags, waste composite plastic film materials, plastic film composite release paper/film discarded in the production/use of trademark labels, waste aluminum-plastic composite films, and waste agricultural plastic films; miscellaneous polymer fibers separated by crushing of waste tires, Waste chemical fiber flannel, waste chemical fiber carpet, waste chemical fiber fabric, waste chemical fiber meltblown cloth, waste chemical fiber filter paper removed from cars; waste wire plastic skin, waste plastic packaging tape, waste plastic woven bag, waste geotextile, waste/old plastic shoes, waste plastic floor products, waste plastic toys, waste plastic barrels, waste plastic bottles, waste plastic geotextile, waste/old plastic lawn, waste miscellaneous
- composition of the " ⁇ - wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular product" can be set to at least be a first group of A, B, C, D, or/and a second group of E, F, G, and S, or/and a third group of Ren and Gui, that is, any one or more of A to Gui in the first to third groups can be selected and mixed in any ratio, so that the total weight of "wood” or “wood” with “impurities” in the downstream plastic particles or products of the wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular is conveniently 5% to 78%.
- the total weight of "wood” in D accounts for 5%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 95%;
- the total weight of "wood” accounts for 38%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 62%;
- the total weight of wood accounts for 23%, and the total weight of plastic and softener accounts for 77%;
- the total weight of "wood” in Xin accounts for 10%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 90%;
- the total weight of "wood” in Ren accounts for 78%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 22%;
- the total weight of "wood” in Gui accounts for 15%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 85%;
- Texture strength As described in item P, the texture strength of the “dosage form” is: can be directly pulled/pulled/pinched/torn by human fingers/palms /Low strength that can be broken by scratching, the “low strength” mentioned here means at least: standard plastic test piece with tensile strength ⁇ 3PMa;
- Coarse granulation machine as mentioned in item P, specifically refers to any one of feed pellet machine, organic fertilizer pellet machine, biomass fuel pellet machine with continuous feeding/discharging function, or a pellet machine that uses the drum method to process powder mixed with liquid for granulation.
- the “waste wood or mixed waste wood” and “waste containing wood components” mentioned in Technical Solution 1 shall at least include:
- the "square timber” also includes the composite square timber that is cut and reused by using the discarded wooden formwork used in the concrete pouring construction of laminated wood as raw materials;
- the "wooden formwork” also includes any one of discarded boards of laminated wood, fiberboard, straw/wood particles, and wood/bamboo-plastic composites.
- Step 1 - Pre-treatment and preparation Classify and sort the waste wood or mixed waste wood, or further remove the metal and/or paint layer and/or cement block and/or sand and stone block and/or bark impurities contained in the classified and sorted materials, and then mechanically crush the classified, sorted and de-impurized waste wood by sawing/milling/cutting/hammering or any combination of these methods;
- waste wood chips of the elongated fiber bundles prepared for the treatment in step 2 are obtained.
- the "waste wood chips of the elongated fiber bundles prepared" is called natural absolute dry material, which is calculated based on the equilibrium water content of 15% (wt) naturally adsorbed in the air;
- Step 2 the first batching: 100 parts by weight of the naturally dried material of the "spare slender fiber bundle waste wood fragments" obtained in step 1 are mixed with the squeezed water obtained in the "second solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 7.
- the “mixed” squeezed water is not less than 2x parts by weight when the free water carried by 100 parts by weight of the naturally dried material in the solid phase obtained in the "first solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 4 is x parts by weight; or 0.1-0.3% by weight of the aforementioned "squeezed water” "2x parts by weight” of a surfactant is mixed: any one or more combinations of sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, or/and any one or more combinations of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the "2x" corresponds to 100 parts by weight of the naturally dried material of the waste
- Step 3 Heating and dissolving: the aforementioned "naturally dried material of 'spare elongated fiber bundle waste wood chips' material: 100 parts by weight", "the squeezed water obtained in the 'second solid-liquid separation' described in the subsequent step 7": “2x parts by weight”, or "0.1-0.3% by weight of 'surfactant' of '2x parts by weight of 'squeezed water'", these materials are placed in a tank that can be stirred, mixed, heated and kept warm, the materials are uniformly stirred and heated to above 70°C, and kept warm for at least 5 minutes, or sampled and analyzed, and when the color of the squeezed liquid does not become darker, the heating and keeping warm operation can be stopped;
- Step 4 First solid-liquid separation: the material after the above-mentioned "heating and heat preservation operation” is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine to perform mechanical kneading treatment on the fiber bundle of the material by rolling and extrusion, and then the material is introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; or the material after the above-mentioned heating and heat preservation operation is directly introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; thereby obtaining the "pressed/extruded brown/black liquor” as described in Technical Solution 1, and the wet material of the hydrophilic hydrophobic fiber intermediate product A to be treated with the water solute in the fiber removed initially;
- the ratio of the weight of the "pressed/extruded brown/black liquid" obtained in the "first solid -liquid separation” to the weight of the natural absolute dry material of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber intermediate product A can be made using conventional solid-liquid separation methods.
- Step 5 - second batching after determining that the free water carried by 100 parts by weight of the natural absolute dry material in the solid phase of the "wet material of the hydrophilic debonded fiber intermediate product A to be treated" in step 4 is x parts by weight, take 100 parts by weight of the natural absolute dry material and x parts by weight of the free water carried by the "wet material of the hydrophilic debonded fiber intermediate product A to be treated", and then mix in not less than x parts by weight of the extruded water obtained by the "third solid-liquid separation” in the subsequent step 10; or and according to the difference requirements of " ⁇ -1" and “ ⁇ -2" described in item E of 1-1 in technical solution 1, add whisker additives differently, the "whisker additive” is at least any one of a saturated aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide, silica sol, etc., or/and in the aqueous phase Any one or more combinations of newly generated calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydrated silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate,
- the "whisker auxiliary agent” is added in an amount of ⁇ 1-3-5-9 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the absolutely dry fiber of the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber intermediate product A", that is, the added amount is ⁇ 1 part by weight or ⁇ 3 parts by weight or ⁇ 5 parts by weight or ⁇ 9 parts by weight;
- the second batching described in step 5 is first mixed in a stirring tank to form the material to be processed in a high-concentration grinding process
- Step 6 Grinding and delatency:
- the "material to be processed by high-concentration grinding" obtained in step 5 is introduced into high-concentration grinding for treatment; or the heated material out of high-concentration grinding is introduced into a delatency tank with heat preservation or heated while it is hot, and is placed at a temperature not lower than 70°C to relax the kinks and curls of the fibers generated during the high-concentration grinding process, and to dissolve the hydrophobic lipids in the fibers;
- the material is obtained after grinding or processing for solid-liquid separation
- Step 7 - Second solid-liquid separation the above-mentioned "milled or processed material” is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine, and the fiber bundle of the material is subjected to mechanical kneading treatment by milling and squeezing, and then the material is introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; or the mechanical softening is omitted, and the above-mentioned "milled or processed material” is directly introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; thereby obtaining the "extruded water obtained by the 'second solid-liquid separation'" as described in the previous "step 2", and the wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product B to be treated which is finally washed with new water;
- Step 9 - stirring and washing the "third batching" of the above step 8 is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine, and the fiber bundle of the material is subjected to mechanical kneading treatment by rolling and squeezing, and then the material is introduced into a temporary storage tank for materials to be finally squeezed dry; or the above "third batching" is directly introduced into a mixer for stirring, so that the new water, whisker additives and the old water material originally contained in the wet material solid phase fiber of the hydrophilic decomposition fiber intermediate product B are fully mixed, and then the material is introduced into a temporary storage tank for materials to be finally squeezed dry;
- step nine the material to be squeezed out is obtained and sent to step ten for processing;
- Step 10 - the third solid-liquid separation or the final modification introduce the "material to be squeezed dry" in the above step 9 into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; thereby obtaining the "extruded water obtained from the 'third solid-liquid separation'" as described in the previous "step 5", and the final product - a hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber ⁇ product including ⁇ -1 and/or ⁇ -2; or adding an additive for masking iron/manganese ions to the final product; or adding a conventional amount of an ordinary anti-mildew additive to the final product.
- the "by-product material 2" saturated with color impurities that is, the "activated carbon or acidic clay adsorbent for decolorization"
- the "by-product material 2" saturated with color impurities can also be used as a raw material for direct bagging, or granulated or extruded, dried and dehydrated, and then bagged; accordingly, an organic-inorganic mixed solid soil conditioner, or plant nutrient, or a filler product ⁇ -2 of rubber/plastic products in any dosage form of clay, powder, granule, or pressed block can be obtained;
- the "by-product material 1" described in item B of 1-1 of technical solution 1 is subjected to a purification operation of precipitation and decolorization of the aforementioned "brown/black liquor” by a chemical/biochemical method, and the decolorized water is discharged to supplement the "new water” in step eight of technical solution 3;
- the decolorized sediment sludge obtained after the purification of water - "by-product material 3" can be directly used as the raw material, and can be directly bagged after filter pressing, or can be granulated or extruded, dried and dehydrated, and then bagged;
- the organic-inorganic mixed solid soil conditioner, or plant nutrient ⁇ -3, in any dosage form of colloid, powder, granular, or pressed can be obtained accordingly.
- Material preparation The "waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, is mechanically crushed by sawing/grinding/cutting/hammering or any combination of these methods and then sieved to obtain another part of the waste wood fragments: waste wood fragments passing through a 28-mesh sieve or waste wood fragments passing through a 3-mesh sieve" as described in Item J of 1-3 of Technical Solution 1, and is used as the "wood” material preparation in " ⁇ -wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular product";
- the raw materials in compressed and packaged state or/and mixed with large pieces of metal and brick-like solids shall be crushed and air-selected first to loosen the materials and remove the metal and brick-like hard solids; the fluffy waste plastics with impurities removed shall be used as the "plastic" material in the "wood-plastic composite recycled material coarse particles";
- Granulation The weighed materials are mixed and collected in a mixing bin, and then transported by a machine and put into the "coarse-grain granulator" described in Q in 1-3 of the technical solution 1 for granulation; the machine used in the "coarse-grain granulator” is: any one of a feed pellet machine, an organic fertilizer pellet machine, and a biomass fuel pellet machine with a continuous feeding/discharging function, or a spiral pelletizer intermediate crusher is connected in series after the aforementioned "pellet machine”/"pellet maker”; the material discharged from the aforementioned "pellet machine”/"pellet maker” is in the form of segmented strips formed by a through-hole die.
- the material discharged from the machine will be irregular.
- the particles; the material is heated by mechanical extrusion/friction during granulation, and water can be added to the material or/and the interlayer in the machine to control the material out of the machine not to exceed 110°C;
- the "wood-plastic composite recycled quality coarse particles” produced by this operation have a low strength that can be directly pulled/pulled/pinched/torn by human fingers/palms;
- the granulated shape at least includes segmented strip particles or irregular particles formed by a hole die; the hole shape of the "hole die” at least includes any one of 3 to 12 polygons with equal or unequal sides, or a circle; the size of the "particles" is graded or mixed in any aperture range from 25mm to 2.0mm;
- the combined machine I for the "pre-treatment preparation" of "step 1" described in the implementation of technical solution 3 includes at least: a mechanical screen 1 is set to screen the waste wood or mixed waste wood fragments with graded or mixed particle sizes of elongated fiber bundles with any mesh number of 3 mesh to 28 mesh; or a magnetic separator 2 or/and a wind separator 3 or/and a color separator 4 is set after the mechanical screen 1 to implement the mechanical treatment of magnetic separation or/and wind separation or/and color separation for the waste wood or mixed waste wood fragments that still contain any one or more combined impurities of metal, painted sawdust, plastic sawdust, cement particles, sand and stone particles, and bark, so as to remove impurities and purify them;
- an expansion processing machine 5 is further provided, and the mechanical arrangements of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 can implement mechanical expansion processing on the waste wood or mixed waste wood fragments that have been purified;
- the combined machine II for the "first batching" of "step 2" described in the implementation of technical solution 3 includes at least: a batching bin 6 for placing "spare waste wood slender fiber bundle fragments", a liquid tank 7 for holding the squeezed water obtained from the "second solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 7, or a bin 8 for storing "surfactant", a weighing and measuring instrument 9, and a mixing and stirring device 10 after the "first batching"; thus, the mechanical settings of 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 realize the realization of the "first batching" of step 2 in technical solution 3;
- the combined machine III for "heating dissolution” in “step three" of the implementation technical solution 3 includes at least:
- a tank 11 for stirring, mixing, heating and heat preservation is set; with the mechanical setting of this 11, the "naturally dried material of the 'spare waste wood elongated fiber bundle fragments' material: 100 parts by weight”, “the squeezed water obtained in the 'second solid-liquid separation' described in the subsequent step 7" in step 3 of technical solution 3: “2x parts by weight”, or "0.1-0.3% by weight of the 'surfactant' of the '2x parts by weight' of the 'squeezed water'", these materials are placed in a tank 11 that can be stirred, mixed, heated and heat-insulated, and the materials are uniformly stirred and heated to above 70°C, and the heat-insulated retention operation is implemented;
- the combined machine IV for the "first solid-liquid separation" of "step four" described in the implementation of technical solution 3 includes at least: a conveying machine 12, a screw or roller-type pulping machine 13, a solid-liquid separator 14, and a storage tank 15 for storing the "pressed/extruded brown/black liquid” obtained by the "first solid-liquid separation”; the mechanical settings of 12, 13, 14, and 15 are used to achieve the "introduction of the material after the heating and heat preservation operation into the screw or roller-type pulping machine, the mechanical kneading treatment of the fiber bundle of the material by rolling and squeezing, and then the introduction of the material into the solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation" as described in step four of technical solution 3, "or directly introducing the material after the above-mentioned heating and heat preservation operation into the solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation";
- the combined machine V for the "second batching" of "step five" described in the implementation of technical solution 3 includes at least: a storage bin 16 for placing the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product A to be treated", a liquid tank 17 for holding the extruded water obtained in the "third solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 10, or a bin 18 for storing the "addition of water-insoluble or poorly soluble substances as whisker additives", a weighing and measuring scale 19, and a mixing and stirring device 20 after the "second batching"; thus, the mechanical settings of 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 realize the mechanized operation of "step five" in technical solution 3;
- the combined machine VI for "grinding and de-latency removal” of "step six" described in technical solution 3 at least comprises: a high-concentration refiner 21 is provided, a storage bin 22 for the material to be processed is provided before the feed inlet of the high-concentration refiner 21, a conveying mechanism or conveying machinery 23 is provided between the storage bin 22 and the high-concentration refiner 21; after the discharge port of the high-concentration refiner 21, A desubmersible tank 24 with heat preservation or heating function is provided, and a conveying mechanism or conveying machinery 25 is provided between the discharge port of the high-concentration refiner 21 and the feed port of the desubmersible tank 24; thus, the mechanical settings of 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 realize the mechanized operation of "step six" in technical solution 3;
- the combined machine VII for the "second solid-liquid separation” of "step seven" described in technical solution 3 includes at least: a conveying machine 26, a screw or roller type pulping machine 27, a solid-liquid separator 28, and a storage tank 19 for storing the "extruded water obtained by the 'second solid-liquid separation'" described in step seven of technical solution 3; thus, the mechanical settings of 26, 27, and 28 realize the mechanized operation of "step seven" in technical solution 3;
- the combination machine VIII for the "third batching" of "step eight" described in the implementation of technical solution 3 at least includes: a storage bin 29 for storing the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product B to be treated" described in step seven of technical solution 3, a storage tank 30 for measuring and storing new water and circulating purified water, a bin 31 for storing water-insoluble or poorly soluble substances as whisker additives, a weighing scale 32, and a stirring and mixing tank 33; thus, the mechanical settings of 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33 realize the mechanized operation of "step eight" in technical solution 3;
- the combined machine IX for "stirring and washing” in “step nine" of the implementation of technical solution 3 at least includes: a conveying mechanism or conveying machine 34, a screw or roller-type pulping machine 35, and a material temporary storage tank 36 are arranged behind the aforementioned "stirring and mixing tank 33"; the mechanical arrangement of 34, 35, and 36 thus realizes the process purpose described in step nine of technical solution 3: "introducing the 'third batching' into the screw or roller-type pulping machine, subjecting the fiber bundle of the material to mechanical kneading by rolling and squeezing, and then introducing the material into the temporary storage tank for the material to be finally squeezed dry; or directly introducing the above-mentioned 'third batching' into the mixer for stirring, so that the new water and the old water originally contained in the wet material solid phase fiber of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product B are fully mixed, and then the material is introduced into the temporary storage tank for the material to be finally squeezed dry";
- the combined machine X for the "third solid-liquid separation or final modification" of "step ten" described in technical solution 3 includes at least: a conveying mechanism or conveying machine 37, a solid-liquid separator 38, a material trough 39 for storing a masking iron/manganese ion auxiliary agent, and a material trough 40 for storing a mildew-proof auxiliary agent; the mechanical arrangement of 37, 38, 39, and 40 thus achieves the process purpose described in step ten of technical solution 3: obtaining the "extruded water obtained by the 'third solid-liquid separation'" as described in step five of technical solution 3, and the final product - a hydrophilic decomposed fiber ⁇ product including ⁇ -1 and/or ⁇ -2; or performing the final modification, which reduces the discoloration and mildew of the product;
- a combined machine XI for implementing the method "4-1" described in Technical Solution 4 is provided, which at least includes: a liquid storage tank 41, or a heated liquid evaporator 42, and a liquid filling machine 43; the mechanical settings of 41, 42, and 43 are used to directly fill the "by-product material 1" described in B of 1-1 of Technical Solution 1, namely, brown/black liquid, with a container, or to heat, dehydrate, and concentrate it in an evaporator and then fill it with a container, so that ⁇ -1 of a liquid organic soil conditioner or plant nutrient product can be obtained;
- a sludge processing and packaging machine 46 is provided for drying, dehydrating and then bagging the sludge; a reclaimed water storage tank 46 is provided for storing the "color impurities" removed from 44; the mechanical settings of 44, 45, 46 and 47 realize the mechanical operation of the preparation method described in 4-2 of technical solution 4, and obtain "a solid soil conditioner of organic-inorganic mixture, or a plant nutrient, or
- a sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 for purifying water which at least includes: a sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 for purifying water, and a pipeline 49 for leading the "brown/black liquid” into the sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 between the aforementioned “liquid storage tank 41" and the sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48, a pipeline 50 for leading the "decolorized impurities” clean water from the sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 into the aforementioned “recycled water storage tank 47 for removing "color impurities”, and a "decolorized water obtained after the purification of water”
- the color precipitated sludge can be directly bagged after filtration, or can be granulated or extruded, dried and dehydrated, and then bagged.
- the sludge processing and packaging machine 51 realize the mechanical operation of the preparation method described in 4-3 of the technical solution 4, and obtain "the organic-inorganic mixed solid soil improver, or plant nutrient ⁇ -3, in any dosage form of colloid, powder, granule, or block";
- the "material preparation" sub-assembly device XIV of 5-1 in technical solution 5 is provided, which further comprises: a mechanical screen 52, or a crushing machine 53 and a winnowing machine 54;
- the "batch" sub-assembly device XV of 5-2 in the technical solution 5 is set, which includes: a weighing scale 55, a storage bin 56 for storing the "wood” and “plastic” and softener in the composition of the "wood-plastic composite recycled material coarse particles", and a mixing tank 57 after the batching;
- the "granulation" sub-assembly device XVI of 5-3 in technical solution 5 is provided, which further comprises: a conveying machine 58 and a coarse particle granulator 59;
- the "homogenizing and mixing” and "weighing and packaging" sub-assembly devices XVII of 5-4 to 5-5 in technical solution 5 further include: a homogenizing and mixing machine 60 and a weighing and packaging machine 61;
- the "main product ⁇ - hydrophilic debonded fiber product" described in Technical Solution 1 can be used to at least partially or completely replace the traditional recycled pulp for papermaking, or used for paper molded products including egg trays, rice seedling cups/trays, or further processed as a raw material for bleached pulp, or used as a raw material for preparing cellulose ether;
- the "by-product ⁇ -lignin/resin mixture product" described in Technical Solution 1 can be used at least as a soil conditioner or plant nutrient in plant cultivation, or as a filler for rubber/plastic products;
- the "by-product ⁇ - wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular product" described in Technical Solution 1 can be used at least as a raw material for the modification and/or refinement of wood-plastic particles for hot extruded wood-plastic products, or directly as a new formulation raw material for hot extruded wood-plastic products, and can also be used as a granular fuel for heating;
- FIG. 1 is a black and white photograph of a mixed waste wood elongated fiber bundle shredded material having a particle size of passing through a 3-mesh sieve to not exceeding a 28-mesh sieve.
- FIG. 2 is a black and white photograph of a wet sample of the hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ -1 containing 75% water.
- FIG. 3 is a black-and-white photograph of a dry mass sample of another type of hydrophilic release fiber ⁇ -1.
- FIG. 4 is a black and white photograph of a dry mass sample of hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ -2.
- FIG. 5 is a black-and-white photograph of a paper boat sample folded from another variety of hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ -2 after papermaking and drying.
- Figure 6 is a black and white photograph of ⁇ -1 which can be formulated for use as an organic soil improver/plant nutrient or as a rubber/plastic additive.
- FIG. 7 is a black and white photograph of miscellaneous waste plastic film materials discarded from waste paper to make recycled pulp.
- FIG8 is a black and white photograph of coarse particles of wood-plastic composite recycled material ⁇ .
- Figure 9 is a black and white photograph of a dry mass standard sample.
- Figure 10 is the "standard sample” described in Figure 9, which comes from the feces of longhorn beetle larvae or wood borer moth larvae that have eaten the willow stems and is piled up on the ground under a willow tree in nature. This is a black and white photo of the "feces” under the willow tree, and the arrow in the photo points to the "feces”.
- FIG. 11 is a black-and-white photograph of the “standard sample” described in FIGS. 9 and 10 when it was collected in the laboratory and before being screened or processed. Its actual color is brown.
- FIG. 12 is a black and white photograph of the scraps of material that fall off when the standard sample in FIG. 9 is rubbed against the sample in FIG. 4 for comparison.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of the ten steps of the method for preparing the hydrophilic debonding fiber ⁇ .
- FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of the process equipment flow production line used to prepare ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , that is, a schematic diagram of the "series/parallel integrated clean production process and combined equipment or device array of processing sub-paths". The symbols in FIG. 14 are explained as follows:
- I to X are combined machines for implementing the ⁇ -making method described in Example 3, which include:
- Example 3 implementement the "pre-treatment and preparation” sub-combination machine of "step 1" described in Example 3, which at least includes: 1-mechanical screen, 2-magnetic separator, 3-air separator, 4-color separator, 5-expansion processing machine;
- Example II a sub-combination machine for implementing the "first batching" of "step 2" described in Example 3, which at least includes: 6 - a batching bin for placing the "spare waste wood slender fiber bundle fragments", 7 - a liquid tank for containing extruded water, 8 - a bin for storing surfactants or water-insoluble or poorly soluble substances as whisker additives, 9 - a weighing and measuring scale, 10 - a mixing agitator after the "first batching";
- III a sub-assembly machine for implementing the "heating dissolution" of "step three" described in Example 3, which at least includes: 11 - a tank for stirring, mixing, heating and heat preservation;
- IV - a sub-assembly machine for the "first solid-liquid separation" of "step 4" described in Example 3, which at least includes: 12 - a conveying machine, 13 - a screw or roller type pulping machine, 14 - a solid-liquid separator, 15 - a storage tank for storing "pressed/extruded brown/black liquor”;
- V a sub-assembly machine for implementing the "second batching" of "step five” described in Example 3, which at least includes: 16—a storage bin for "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product A to be treated", 17—a liquid tank for extruding water, 18—a bin for storing "whisker additives", 19—a weighing and measuring instrument, and 20—a mixing agitator;
- Example VII a sub-assembly machine for implementing the "second solid-liquid separation" of "step seven" described in Example 3, which at least includes: 26—a conveying machine, 27—a screw or roller type pulping machine, and 28—a solid-liquid separator;
- IX - a sub-combination machine for "stirring and washing” in "step nine" of embodiment 3, which at least comprises: 34 - a conveying mechanism or conveying machinery, 35 - a screw or roller type pulping machine, 36 - a temporary material storage tank;
- X A sub-combination machine for implementing the "third solid-liquid separation or final modification" of "Step 10" described in Example 3, which at least includes: 37—a conveying mechanism or a conveying machine, 38—a solid-liquid separator, 39—a material trough for storing a masking iron/manganese ion auxiliary agent, and 40—a material trough for storing an anti-mildew auxiliary agent.
- XI to XIII in zone B are sub-assemblies used to implement the ⁇ -making process described in Example 4, which include:
- XI a sub-assembly machine for executing the ⁇ -1 production method described in Example 4, which at least includes: 41—a liquid storage tank, 42—a heated liquid evaporator, 43—a liquid filling machine;
- XII a sub-assembly machine for implementing the ⁇ -2 production method described in Example 4, which at least includes: 44—a horizontal packed bed or a vertical packed column filled with activated carbon or an acidic clay adsorbent for decolorization, 45—a pipeline, 46—a processing and packaging machine for decolorized adsorption sludge; 47—a storage tank for storing and removing "color impurities" of regenerated water;
- XIII - a sub-assembly machine for carrying out the ⁇ -3 production method described in Example 4, which at least includes: 48 - a sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank for purifying water, 41 - a liquid storage tank, 49 - a pipeline, 50 - a pipeline, 51 - a machine for processing and packaging the decolorized sediment sludge, filtering it and then bagging it, or granulating or squeezing it, drying and dehydrating it, and then bagging it;
- XIV to XVII in zone C are sub-assembly machines used for executing the method of ⁇ described in Example 5, specifically including:
- XIV material preparation sub-assembly device, which includes: 52—mechanical screen, 53—crushing machine, 54—wind selection machine;
- XV - a batching sub-assembly device, which includes: 55 - a weighing scale, 56 - a storage bin for storing the "wood” and “plastic” and a softener in the composition of the "wood-plastic composite recycled material coarse particles", and 57 - a mixing tank after the batching;
- XVI - a combined device for performing granulation, which includes: 58 - a conveying machine, 59 - a coarse granulation machine;
- XVII Sub-assembly device for performing homogenization, granulation mixing, weighing and packaging, which includes: 60—homogenization granulation mixer, 61—weighing and packaging machinery.
- ⁇ -1 in Figures 13 and 14 is a hydrophilic decomposed fiber product with a low hydrophilicity and a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR
- ⁇ -2 is a hydrophilic decomposed fiber product with a high hydrophilicity and a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR
- ⁇ -1 in Figure 14 is a lignin/resin mixture product obtained by directly using "brown/black liquor” or steaming and dehydrating
- ⁇ -2 is a lignin/resin mixture product obtained by adsorption and concentration of "brown/black liquor”
- ⁇ -3 is a lignin/resin mixture product obtained by chemical or biochemical decolorization and precipitation of "brown/black liquor”
- ⁇ is a coarse particle product of wood-plastic composite recycled material.
- Example 1 A product set obtained by a clean process using waste wood chips as raw materials, characterized in that: waste wood chips, or waste plastics as raw materials, are processed through a series/parallel integrated clean production process and a combination of equipment or devices, and finally a clean product set is obtained.
- the specific composition of the "product set” is composed of the main product ⁇ described below, and any one or both of the by-products ⁇ and ⁇ :
- the ⁇ can be further divided into ⁇ -1: a hydrophilic and hydrophobic material with a low hydrophilic beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR.
- the ⁇ can be further divided into ⁇ -1, which is a lignin/resin mixture product obtained by direct use or distillation and concentration of "brown/black liquor”, ⁇ -2, which is a lignin/resin mixture product obtained by adsorption and concentration of "brown/black liquor”, and ⁇ -3, which is a lignin/resin mixture product obtained by chemical or biochemical decolorization and precipitation of "brown/black liquor”.
- the " ⁇ ” in the product set has more features as shown in Example 1-1 below; the “ ⁇ ” has more features as shown in Example 1-2 below; the “ ⁇ ” has more features as shown in Example 1-3 below:
- Example 1-1 The " ⁇ " described in Example 1-1 has the following characteristics:
- Raw materials used waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, obtained from demolition/construction of the construction industry, or/and renovation of residential buildings, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, and then mechanically crushed by sawing/milling/cutting/hammering or any combination thereof, and then sieved to obtain the crushed waste wood as part of the raw materials: crushed elongated fiber bundles of any mesh number of graded or mixed particle size in the range of 3 mesh to 28 mesh;
- Or and by-product material 2 using activated carbon and acidic clay to purify the above-mentioned "brown/black liquor” to prepare circulating water for decolorization and adsorption sludge; or adding sulfuric acid to the above-mentioned "brown/black liquor” to acidify it to a pH value not exceeding 7.0, and using activated carbon or activated carbon and acidic clay to purify circulating water to obtain decolorization and adsorption sludge;
- decolorized sediment sludge obtained by using chemical/biochemical method to purify water from the aforementioned "brown/black liquor";
- the color is not more concentrated than the color of the "brown/black liquor” in item B diluted 16 times with clean water when detected by colorimetric tube or colorimeter, or the COD or BOD value detected by instrument is not higher than the COD or BOD value of the "brown/black liquor” in item B diluted 16 times with clean water, or the potassium permanganate fading consumption value measured by volumetric titration method is not higher than the potassium permanganate fading consumption value of the "brown/black liquor" in item B diluted 16 times with clean water;
- the form of product ⁇ can be any one of loose meat floss-like wet material with a water content of no more than 75%, meat floss-like dry material with a water content of no more than 20%, paper-like dry material with a water content of no more than 20%, compacted brick-like dry material with a water content of no more than 20%, and compacted granular dry material with a water content of no more than 20%;
- ⁇ -1 with a controlled low hydrophilicity and a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR, or ⁇ -1 and ⁇ -2 with a controlled high hydrophilicity and a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR which can be conveniently mixed at will; in a pinching test with a standard sample mass - a standard sample made from the feces of longhorn beetle larvae or wood borer larvae eating willow stems, the hardness of ⁇ -1 or ⁇ -2 is ⁇ the hardness of the standard sample; or in a rubbing test with a standard sample mass at least 10 times, the amount of scattering chips of ⁇ -1 or ⁇ -2 is no more than 5 times the amount of scattering chips of the standard sample by naked eye or weighing on a balance;
- the ratio of the gram mole of Na + or/and K + or/and Mg2 + contained in the water to the liter volume of "water” is ⁇ 0.034mol/L; and the fiber material is impregnated with water of not less than 70°C for at least 2 times to remove the lignin/resin in the fiber; the gradually concentrated brown/black liquor in the "water” flow flows in the same direction as the fiber material in the production process. or adding water-insoluble or poorly soluble substances as whisker additives, the amount of which is ⁇ 1-3-5-9 parts by weight, i.e.
- Preferred parameters: or the "ratio of the weight of the discharged brown/black liquor W to the weight of the dry fiber W ⁇ with a water content of not more than 15% in the main product ⁇ " as described in item B is W brown/black liquor /W ⁇ 100 ⁇ 120 ⁇ 150/100 range; or as described in item F, "adding water-insoluble or poorly soluble substances as whisker additives, the amount of which is “ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 5 weight parts" for 100 weight parts of the absolute dry fiber in the main product ⁇ or its intermediate product", "i.e.
- the "whisker additive” is at least any one of a saturated aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide, silica sol, etc., or/and any one or more combinations of newly generated calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydrated silica, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate dihydrate, iron hydroxide, etc. in the aqueous phase, or/and any one or more combinations of kaolin, clay, fly ash, wollastonite, etc. that are ultra-finely crushed to the point that they cannot naturally precipitate to the surface water in half an hour in water, or any one or more combinations of kaolin, clay, fly ash, wollastonite, etc. that are crushed to pass 320 mesh;
- the " ⁇ " described in Example 1-2 which is made from at least any one of the "by-product material 1", “by-product material 2" and “by-product material 3" described in Item B of Example 1-1 as a raw material, includes the "intermediate product or product ⁇ " obtained by packaging only, or after dehydration, concentration or drying and then packaging, and its variety and dosage form characteristics are H and I respectively:
- the “by-product material 1” is the brown/black liquor discharged by pressing/extrusion in the hot water delignification/resin process, which can be used directly or after being dehydrated and concentrated and then formulated for application as an organic liquid soil improvement/plant nutrient, or as a softener ⁇ -1 for rubber/plastic products, that is, the lignin/resin mixture product obtained by directly using the “brown/black liquor” or by steaming, concentrating and dehydrating;
- the "by-product material 2" - the decolorized adsorption sludge obtained by using an adsorbent to purify the aforementioned "brown/black liquor” to produce circulating water, which can be used directly or after being dehydrated and dried, can be formulated into an organic-inorganic mixed colloid or solid soil improvement/plant nutrient, or ⁇ -2 as a filler for rubber/plastic products, that is, a lignin/resin mixture product obtained from the "brown/black liquor" through the adsorption and concentration path;
- Dosage forms include: liquid, colloid, powder, granule, or compressed;
- Example 1-3 The " ⁇ ", wherein the characteristics of "wood” are the following combinations of J to K, wherein the characteristics of "plastic” are the following combinations of L or L and M, the composition characteristics of the " ⁇ ” are the following N and O, the dosage form of the " ⁇ ” is P, the material texture strength of the " ⁇ ” is Q, and the coarse granulator used for the " ⁇ ” is R;
- wood refers to waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, obtained from at least one of the following sources, including demolition/construction in the construction industry, or/and renovation of residential buildings, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, and then mechanically crushed by sawing/milling/cutting/hammering or any combination thereof, and then sieved to obtain another part of the waste wood crushed materials: waste wood crushed materials passing through a 28-mesh sieve, or waste wood crushed materials passing through a 3-mesh sieve;
- Wood content in the product the “part” as described in item J above, which is the dry weight of the “wood” containing 15% equilibrium water after natural drying in air, and any one or more combinations within the range of 5% to 78% (wt%) of the total weight of the product;
- waste plastics "waste plastics" as described in L, at least including any one or more combinations as described below: miscellaneous waste plastic film residues discarded from waste paper recycling, including floating plastic-containing materials obtained by water flotation of the "miscellaneous waste plastic film residues", or/and submerged plastic-containing materials; waste plastic film packaging bags of commodities, cutting/punching edge materials in the production of plastic film packaging bags, waste composite plastic film materials, plastic film composite release paper/film discarded in the production/use of trademark labels, waste aluminum-plastic composite films, and waste agricultural plastic films; waste plastic film obtained by crushing waste tires Separated impure polymer fibers, waste chemical fiber flannel removed from cars, waste chemical fiber carpets, waste chemical fiber fabrics, waste chemical fiber meltblown cloth, waste chemical fiber filter paper; waste wire plastic skin, waste plastic packaging tape, waste plastic woven bags, waste geotextiles, waste/old plastic shoes, waste plastic floor products, waste plastic toys, waste plastic barrels, waste plastic bottles, waste plastic geotextiles, waste/old plastic lawn
- composition of the " ⁇ - wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular product" can be set to at least be a first group of A, B, C, D, or/and a second group of E, F, G, and S, or/and a third group of Ren and Gui, that is, any one or more of A to Gui in the first to third groups can be selected and mixed in any ratio, so that the total weight of "wood” or “wood” with “impurities” in the downstream plastic particles or products of the wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular is conveniently 5% to 78%.
- the total weight of "wood” in D accounts for 5%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 95%;
- the total weight of "wood” accounts for 38%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 62%;
- the total weight of wood accounts for 23%, and the total weight of plastic and softener accounts for 77%;
- the total weight of "wood” in Xin accounts for 10%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 90%;
- the total weight of "wood” in Ren accounts for 78%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 22%;
- the total weight of "wood” in Gui accounts for 15%, and the total weight of "plastic” and softener accounts for 85%;
- Texture strength As stated in item P, the texture strength of the “dosage form” is low strength that can be directly pulled/pulled/pinched/torn/clawed by human fingers/palms.
- the “low strength” is at least a standard sample of plastic with a tensile strength of ⁇ 3PMa.
- Coarse granulation machine as mentioned in item P, specifically refers to any one of feed pellet machine, organic fertilizer pellet machine, biomass fuel pellet machine with continuous feeding/discharging function, or a pellet machine that uses the drum method to process powder mixed with liquid for granulation.
- Example 2 The "waste wood or mixed waste wood” and “waste containing wood components” described in Example 1 include at least: a mixture of any one or more of waste square timber, wooden formwork, wooden planks, scaffolding bamboo planks used in the construction process, or/and Waste wood chips obtained when demolishing old houses; the "square timber” also includes the discarded wooden formwork used in the concrete pouring construction of laminated wood, which is cut into strips and reused composite square timber; the "wooden formwork” also includes discarded boards of any one of laminated wood, fiberboard, straw/wood particles, and wood/bamboo-plastic composites.
- Example 3 The preparation method of " ⁇ " in the product set described in Example 1 is shown in Figure 13 - a schematic diagram of the ten steps of the preparation method of hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ .
- the dotted line in the figure is the direction of the aqueous solution involved. Its characteristics include the following steps one to ten:
- Step 1 - Pre-treatment and preparation Classify and sort the waste wood or mixed waste wood first, or further remove the metal and/or paint layer and/or cement block and/or sand and stone block and/or bark impurities contained in the classified and sorted materials, and then implement mechanical crushing treatment of sawing/milling/cutting/hammering or any combination of multiple methods on the classified, sorted and removed waste wood or mixed waste wood;
- the prepared waste wood elongated fiber bundle shreds for the step 2 treatment are obtained.
- the prepared waste wood elongated fiber bundle shreds are called natural absolute dry materials, which are calculated based on the equilibrium water content of 15% (wt) naturally adsorbed in the air.
- Step 2 - the first batching take 100 parts by weight of the naturally absolutely dry material of the "spare waste wood elongated fiber bundle fragments" obtained in step 1, and mix it with the squeezed water obtained in the "second solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 7.
- the “mixed” “squeezed water” is not less than 2x parts by weight when it is detected that the free water carried by 100 parts by weight of the naturally absolutely dry material in the solid phase obtained in the "first solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 4 is x parts by weight; or further mix in 0.1-0.3% by weight of the aforementioned “squeezed water” "2x parts by weight” of a surfactant: any one or more combinations of sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, or/and any one or more combinations of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the "2x" corresponds to 100 parts by weight of the naturally absolutely dry material of the waste wood elongated fiber bundle fragments: in the range of 25-50-300 parts by weight;
- Step 3 Heating and dissolving: the aforementioned "100 parts by weight of the naturally dried material of the 'spare waste wood elongated fiber bundles' material", "2 parts by weight of the squeezed water obtained in the 'second solid-liquid separation' described in the subsequent step 7", or "0.1-0.3% by weight of the 'surfactant' of the '2 parts by weight of the squeezed water'", are placed in a tank that can be stirred, mixed, heated and kept warm, and the materials are uniformly stirred and heated to above 70°C, and kept warm for at least 5 minutes, or sampled and analyzed. When the color of the squeezed liquid does not become darker, the heating and keeping warm operation can be stopped;
- Step 4 First solid-liquid separation: the material after the above "heating and heat preservation operation” is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine to perform mechanical kneading treatment on the fiber bundle of the material by rolling and extrusion, and then the material is introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; or the material after the above heating and heat preservation operation is directly introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; thereby obtaining the "pressed/extruded brown/black liquor” as described in Example 1 and the wet material of the to-be-treated hydrophilic hydrophobic fiber intermediate product A from which the water solute in the fiber is initially removed;
- the "whisker auxiliary agent” is added in an amount of ⁇ 1 to 3 to 5 to 9 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the absolute dry fiber of the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber intermediate product A", that is, the added amount is ⁇ 1 part by weight or ⁇ 3 parts by weight or ⁇ 5 parts by weight or ⁇ 9 parts by weight;
- the second batching described in step five is first mixed in a stirring tank to form the material to be processed by high-concentration grinding;
- Step 6 Grinding and delatency:
- the "material to be processed by high-concentration grinding” obtained in step 5 is introduced into high-concentration grinding for treatment; or the heated material from high-concentration grinding is introduced into a delatency tank with a heat-insulating device for heat preservation or heating, and is allowed to stand at a temperature not lower than 70°C to relax the fiber kinks and curls generated during the high-concentration grinding process, and to dissolve the hydrophobic lipids in the fiber; as mentioned above, "or the heated material from high-concentration grinding is introduced into a delatency tank with a heat-insulating device for heat preservation or heating, ... for dissolution” can be omitted; after the treatment in step 6, the material to be milled or delatency-treated for solid-liquid separation is obtained;
- Step 7 - Second solid-liquid separation the above-mentioned "milled or processed material” is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine, and the fiber bundle of the material is subjected to mechanical kneading treatment by milling and squeezing, and then the material is introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; or the mechanical softening is omitted, and the above-mentioned "milled or processed material” is directly introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; thereby obtaining the "extruded water obtained by the 'second solid-liquid separation'" as described in the previous "step 2", and the wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product B to be treated which is finally washed with new water;
- the "whisker additive" the addition amount of which to 100 parts by weight of the absolute dry fiber in the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber intermediate product B", is ⁇ 1-3-5-9 parts by weight, that is, the addition amount is ⁇ 1 part by weight or ⁇ 3 parts by weight or ⁇ 5 parts by weight or ⁇ 9 parts by weight;
- Step 9 - stirring and washing the "third batching" of the above step 8 is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine, and the fiber bundle of the material is subjected to mechanical kneading treatment by rolling and squeezing, and then the material is introduced into a temporary storage tank for the material to be finally squeezed dry; or the above "third batching" is directly introduced into a mixer for stirring, so that the new water, whisker additive and the old water material originally contained in the wet material solid phase fiber of the hydrophilic decomposition fiber intermediate product B are fully mixed, and then the material is introduced into the temporary storage tank for the material to be finally squeezed dry; through the treatment of step 9, the material to be finally squeezed dry to be sent to step 10 for treatment is obtained;
- Step 10 Third solid-liquid separation or final modification:
- the "material to be squeezed out last" in step 9 is introduced into a solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation; thereby obtaining the "third solid-liquid separation” as described in step 5 above.
- the extruded water obtained is "the final product - a hydrophilic decomposed fiber ⁇ product including ⁇ -1 or/and ⁇ -2; or the final modification is made, namely, one of them is to add the following additives to mask the iron/manganese ions: oxalic acid, sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate, ammonium oxalate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetraacetylethylenediamine, citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, sodium tartrate, gluconic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaace
- the direction of the aqueous solution as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 13 is from the bottom of FIG. 13, going upward, and the direction of the fiber is from the top of FIG. 13 downward, and the flow direction of the brown/black liquor in the water flow is opposite to the direction of the fiber.
- FIG. 1 is a black and white photograph of a mixture of elongated fiber bundles of waste wood with a particle size of 3 to 28 meshes, which is obtained by mechanically crushing waste laminated wood formwork discarded from the construction industry through any one or more combinations of sawing/milling/cutting/hammering, and then sieving.
- This "mixed elongated fiber bundles of waste wood with a particle size of 3 to 28 meshes" generally accounts for 35% of the total "waste wood fragments" of this type;
- FIG2 is a black and white photo of a wet material sample of hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -1 containing 75% water, with a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR. It is made from the material shown in FIG1 under laboratory conditions, and its actual color is pale yellowish white like Yuanshu paper. There are a few black lacquer leather impurities in the material, but this will not affect its use as downstream paper products such as corrugated paper that do not emphasize dust points on the paper surface; the dry/wet material of the sample in FIG2 will not float on the water surface when put into water;
- FIG3 is a black and white photo of another type of dry mass sample of hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -1, which differs from FIG2 in that: first, a whisker additive is used in the preparation process, specifically, in the step eight of Example 3, "adding new water or decolorized regenerated water of not less than x parts by weight", wherein "x parts by weight” is prepared as saturated calcium hydroxide water, from which it can be known from the constant of the solubility of calcium hydroxide in water that the whisker additive accounts for 100 parts by weight of the absolute dry fiber in the hydrophilic releasable fiber by simple calculation, which has taken into account the weight gain factor that calcium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide in the air and is converted into calcium carbonate; second, FIG3 is obtained by using a wet material similar to the ⁇ -1 sample shown in FIG2, pressing and shaping it in a disposable plastic cup by hand, pouring it out, and drying it naturally at room temperature; the sample in FIG3 does not float on the water surface when it is put into
- FIG4 is a black and white photograph of a dry mass sample of hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ -2, with a beating degree of ⁇ 16°SR.
- the sample is made of discarded material from garden pruning, which is sawed and sieved by a machine, and then boiled and hand-dehydrated in a laboratory.
- the wet material is put into a disposable plastic cup and pressed tightly by hand to shape it, poured out, and dried naturally at room temperature; the yield of the slender fiber bundle obtained from the waste wood sawdust fragments after screening can reach 65%; the added whisker additive is a suspension of wollastonite powder and water that is not more than 20% by weight, and then an equivalent amount of sulfuric acid is added to react to generate a composite/composition of hydrated silicic acid and dihydrated calcium sulfate to form a new precipitate, and the pH value of the reaction solution changes to a range of 5 to 8, the reaction is terminated, and then the reaction terminated material is added with water to dilute it into a suspension with a solid content of no more than 1.65g in 100g of water for use, and then added in the aforementioned step eight, the auxiliary whisker accounts for 100 weight parts of the absolute dry fiber in ⁇ -2, which is ⁇ 5 weight parts; Figure 4 sample, it does not float on the water surface when it enters the water;
- FIG5 is a black and white photograph of a paper boat sample folded from another variety of hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -2 after papermaking and drying. It is another “wet material sample” similar to the “hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -2" in FIG4 and uses the same whisker material as described in paragraph [0217], but "the auxiliary agent whisker accounts for 100 parts by weight of the absolute dry fiber in ⁇ -2, which is ⁇ 9 parts by weight”.
- This "wet material sample” is further pulverized by a food grinder, and then made into paper sheets, dried in air, and then folded into a paper boat as shown in FIG5 , which is slightly darker gray in color than the "light yellowish white” in FIG4 ;
- the hydrophilic releasable fibers will be broken but will not disperse, which shows that the technical solution of the coated whisker of the present invention is effective; in the preparation process of the "paper boat” sample, the sample preparation tool used for the crushing treatment of the "hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -2" and the “wet material sample” is a household food crusher, so the fibers in the "hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -2" sample are softened and dispersed, and are also broken in large quantities, which causes the small "paper boat” to be tear-resistant during the folding process due to the short fibers - there are many cracks; but conservatively speaking, even if the quality is prepared in such an intentionally inferior quality, using this "hydrophilic releasable fiber ⁇ -2" sample to partially or completely replace waste paper recycled pulp as a new raw material for the paper industry also has an application market. In addition, even if calcium hydroxide is used in the whisker additive
- Example 4 The method for preparing " ⁇ " in the product set described in Example 1, specifically involving ⁇ -1, ⁇ -2, and ⁇ -3 varieties, has at least the following characteristics:
- Example 4-1 The "by-product material 1" described in Example 1-1 Item B in Example 1, that is, the "brown/black liquor” discharged from the hot water delignification/resin process, is directly filled into a container, or is heated, dehydrated and concentrated by an evaporator and then filled into a container to obtain a liquid organic soil conditioner or plant nutrient product ⁇ -1;
- Figure 6 is a black and white photo of ⁇ -1 which can be formulated for organic soil improvement/plant nutrient application, or used as a rubber/plastic additive. It is the brown/black liquor discharged from the hot water delignification/resin process in the preparation of hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ , which is directly evaporated, dehydrated and concentrated to dryness using a beaker on an electric stove in the laboratory.
- Example 4-2 The "by-product material 1" described in item B of Example 1-1 in Example 1 is introduced into a horizontal packed bed or a vertical packed column filled with activated carbon or an acidic clay adsorbent for decolorization, and the "brown/black liquor” of the aforementioned "by-product material 1" is decolorized and purified, and the decolorized water is discharged to supplement the "new water” of step eight in Example 3.
- the "by-product material 2" saturated with color impurities that is, the "activated carbon or the acidic clay adsorbent for decolorization”
- the "by-product material 2" saturated with color impurities can also be used as a raw material for direct bagging, or granulated or extruded, dried and dehydrated, and then bagged; accordingly, any dosage form of a clay, powder, granule, or pressed block, an organic-inorganic mixed solid soil conditioner, or a plant nutrient, or a filler product of rubber/plastic products, ⁇ -2, can be obtained;
- Example 4-3 The "by-product material 1" described in item B of Example 1-1 in Example 1 is subjected to a purification operation of precipitation and decolorization of the aforementioned "brown/black liquor" by a chemical/biochemical method, and the decolorized water is extracted to supplement the "new water” in step eight of Example 3; the decolorized precipitated sludge obtained after the purified water preparation - "by-product material 3" can be directly used as the raw material, and can be directly bagged after filter pressing, or can be granulated or extruded, dried and dehydrated, and then bagged; the organic-inorganic mixed solid soil improver, or plant nutrient ⁇ -3, in any dosage form of colloid, powder, granule, or pressed block can be obtained accordingly.
- Example 5 The method for preparing " ⁇ " in the product set described in Example 1 is characterized as follows:
- Example 5-1 Material preparation: For the "waste wood or mixed waste wood, or wood-containing components" described in Example 1-3 in Item J of Example 1 The waste is then mechanically crushed by sawing/grinding/cutting/hammering or any combination of these methods and then sieved to obtain another part of the waste wood chips: waste wood chips that pass through a 28-mesh sieve or waste wood chips that pass through a 3-mesh sieve, which are used as the "wood” material in " ⁇ -wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular products”;
- the raw materials in compressed and packaged state or/and mixed with large pieces of metal and brick-like solids shall be crushed and air-selected first to loosen the materials and remove the metal and brick-like hard solids; the fluffy waste plastics with impurities removed shall be used as the "plastic" material in the "wood-plastic composite recycled material coarse particles";
- Example 5-2 Ingredients: According to the composition of "wood-plastic composite recycled mass coarse particles" in Example 1-3 M or N described in Example 1, the proportion of "wood” and “plastic” and softener in the total weight of the product, weigh the ingredients;
- Example 5-3 Granulation: The weighed material is mixed and collected in a bin, and then transported by a machine and thrown into the "coarse-grain granulator" described in Q in Example 1-3 of Example 1 for granulation; the machine used in the "coarse-grain granulator” is: any one of a feed pellet machine, an organic fertilizer pellet machine, and a biomass fuel pellet machine with a continuous feeding/discharging function, or a spiral pelletizer intermediate crusher is connected in series after the aforementioned "pellet machine”/"pellet maker”; the material discharged from the aforementioned "pellet machine”/”pellet maker” is in the form of segmented strips formed by a through-hole die.
- the machine used in the "coarse-grain granulator” is: any one of a feed pellet machine, an organic fertilizer pellet machine, and a biomass fuel pellet machine with a continuous feeding/discharging function, or a spiral pelletizer intermediate crusher is connected in series after the aforementioned "
- the material discharged from the machine will be irregular.
- the particles; the material is heated by mechanical extrusion/friction during granulation, and water can be added to the material or/and the interlayer in the machine to control the material out of the machine not to exceed 110°C;
- the "wood-plastic composite recycled quality coarse particles” produced by this operation have a low strength that can be directly pulled/pulled/pinched/torn by human fingers/palms;
- the granulated shape at least includes segmented strip particles or irregular particles formed by a hole die; the hole shape of the "hole die” at least includes any one of 3 to 12 polygons with equal or unequal sides, or a circle; the size of the "particles" is graded or mixed in any aperture range from 25mm to 2.0mm;
- Example 5-4 Homogenization and mixing: If the "wood-plastic composite recycled coarse particles" obtained in Example 5-3 have obvious quality defects of different packages after subsequent packaging, a mixing and homogenization treatment can be applied before weighing and packaging. The treatment is to use a mechanical roller to introduce the "wood-plastic composite recycled coarse particles” obtained in Example 5-3, tumble and mix them evenly;
- Example 5-5 Weighing and packaging: The "wood-plastic composite recycled mass coarse particles" obtained in Example 5-3 or/and Example 5-4 that meet the quality requirements are weighed and introduced into packaging bags of specifications approved by market customers;
- Example 5-6 Warehouse quality inspection: The packaged products are warehoused in order, and quality inspection reports for each batch of warehoused products are issued for archiving according to the indicators required by market customers.
- Figure 7 is a black and white photo of the waste plastic film material discarded from the waste paper recycled pulp, which contains impurities such as aluminum-plastic composite molds. This is the most difficult type of mixed waste plastic to be green and sustainable. my country has banned the import of foreign waste paper because of this waste plastic recycling pollution problem;
- FIG8 is a black and white photograph of coarse particles of wood-plastic composite recycled material ⁇ , which is obtained by mixing the "miscellaneous waste plastic film material" shown in FIG7 with waste wood chips passing through a 28-mesh sieve, or with the " ⁇ -1" or/and “ ⁇ -2” or/and “ ⁇ -3” described in Example 1-2 in Example 1, and then using a conventional granulator for making biomass particles.
- Example 6 A comparative standard sample and a number of comparisons between the standard sample and the hydrophilic debonding fiber ⁇ are introduced. Please refer to Figures 9 to 12:
- FIG9 is a black-and-white photograph of a dry mass standard sample, which is commonly known as willow manure by orchid enthusiasts - the feces of longhorn beetle larvae or wood borer larvae after eating willow stems. It is sieved in the laboratory to remove impurities coarser than 3 mesh and finer than 28 mesh, and then boiled in water to kill enzymes. It is then squeezed by hand to dehydrate but still contains 75% moisture. It is pressed and shaped in a disposable plastic cup, poured out, and naturally dried at room temperature to obtain this standard sample.
- This standard sample is compared with the dry mass of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber ⁇ sample of the present invention by pinching and rubbing, and the relative hardness of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber ⁇ of the present invention and the standard sample and the physical properties such as the entanglement and fastening strength between the fibers of the tested sample can be qualitatively determined, and further the practicality of the hydrophilic decomposing fiber of the present invention can be seen.
- the color of the standard sample is brown.
- Figure 10 is the "standard sample” mentioned in Figure 9, which comes from a black and white photo of a pile of manure on the ground under a willow tree in nature.
- the white part on the grass leaves at the root of the willow tree trunk in the photo is "willow manure", and its actual color is brown.
- FIG. 11 is a black-and-white photograph of the “standard sample” described in FIGS. 9 and 10 when it was collected in the laboratory and before being screened or processed. Its actual color is brown.
- the standard sample as shown in Figures 9 to 11 above is a typical fiber that has been digested and degraded by enzymes in the digestive tract of wood-eating insects that can decompose cellulose/resin nutrients in wood.
- Technical personnel in the industry know that wood fiber can be used to make pulp using an enzymatic method.
- the dry mass standard sample shown in Figure 9 only needs to be used with a wooden hammer such as that used in ancient papermaking to hit the wet material of this standard sample, and the pulp produced can be used to make ordinary kraft paper such as the common kraft paper on the market.
- the surface hardness of the dry mass of the hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ -1 is lower than that of the standard sample. After rubbing it against the standard sample for 10 times, the amount of damage caused by rubbing the two samples is compared, and it can be seen that it is equivalent to the standard sample, or at most not more than 5 times the amount of debris from the standard sample.
- the surface hardness of the dry mass of the hydrophilic debonded fiber ⁇ -2 is lower than that of the standard sample. After rubbing it against the standard sample for 10 times, the amount of damage caused by rubbing the two samples is compared, and it can be seen that it is equivalent to the standard sample, or at most not more than 5 times the amount of debris dropped by the standard sample.
- the inventors observed and found in the process of preparing the standard sample that even if "willow manure” is used as the enzyme to produce an enzyme that can decompose the lignin/resin in the wood fiber, and then this enzyme preparation is used to treat the "waste wood chips" mentioned in the present invention, the water involved in the production water can also achieve the same effect as the present invention that the water does not contain inorganic dissolved salts, but in reducing the "brown/black liquor” as described in Example 1-1 in Item B of Example 1, its weight part W brown/black liquor , and the weight part W ⁇ of the absolute dry fiber with a water content of not more than 15% in the main product ⁇ , in terms of the reduction of W brown/black liquor /W ⁇ , it does not have the characteristics of the present invention; and its process operation after inoculating the material with the enzyme is obviously more complicated than the present invention, and its fiber softening and grinding operations cannot be significantly reduced.
- the dry mass standard sample of this embodiment 6 is used for quality inspection. If the standard is to be raised, the fibers of the standard sample can be processed to be fine and dispersed to increase the strength of the standard sample; if the standard is to be lowered, the number of scraps dropped after the sample to be tested and the standard sample are rubbed 10 times can be increased to "no more than" the number of scraps dropped by the standard sample. In order to distinguish the color difference of the scraps dropped by the sample to be tested and the standard sample, the standard sample can also be dyed with a color liquid such as blue ink.
- the shapes of the mass materials of the standard sample and the sample to be tested can also break through the constraints of Figures 3, 4, and 9, but when the dry mass materials are pinched and rubbed, it is fairer and more reasonable to touch the same or similar surfaces.
- Example 7 The equipment used in the "manufacturing method" of " ⁇ ", “ ⁇ ”, and “ ⁇ ” described in Examples 3 to 5 is shown in Figure 14, which is a block diagram of the equipment production line used to prepare ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , that is, a schematic diagram of the "series/parallel integrated clean production process and combined equipment or device array of processing sub-paths" through which the product described in Example 1 passes; its features can be described in detail in the following Examples 7-1 to 7-3, or in Example 7-4 in conjunction with Figure 14:
- Example 7-1 Execute the "step 1" to “step 10" of " ⁇ " in Example 3, and the “manufacturing method” involves setting up sub-assembly machines I to X, as shown in area A in Figure 14:
- the sub-combination machine I for the "pre-treatment preparation" of "step 1" described in Example 3 at least comprises: a mechanical screen 1 is set to screen out the elongated fiber bundles of any mesh number of the 3-mesh to 28-mesh sieve range in the waste wood or mixed crushed materials; or a magnetic separator 2 or/and a wind separator 3 or/and a color sorter 4 are set after the mechanical screen 1 to implement magnetic separation or/and a color sorter 4 on the screened waste wood or mixed waste wood elongated fiber bundles, if there are any one or more combined impurities of metal, painted sawdust, plastic sawdust, cement particles, sand and stone particles, and bark. Mechanical treatment of wind sorting and/or color sorting to remove impurities and purify;
- a puffing treatment machine 5 may be further provided.
- the mechanical arrangements of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 can achieve mechanical puffing treatment of the shredded waste wood or mixed waste wood slender fiber bundles that have been purified;
- the sub-combination machine II for the "first batching" of "step 2" described in Example 3 at least includes: a batching bin 6 for placing the "spare waste wood slender fiber bundle fragments", a liquid tank 7 for holding the extruded water obtained in the "second solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step 7, or a bin 8 for storing surfactants or whisker additives, a weighing and measuring scale 9, and a mixing and stirring device 10 after the "first batching"; thus, the mechanical settings of 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 realize the "first batching" of step 2 in Example 3;
- the sub-combination machine IV for the "first solid-liquid separation" of the "step four" described in Example 3 at least includes: a conveying machine 12, a screw or roller-type pulping machine 13, a solid-liquid separator 14, and a storage tank 15 for storing the "pressed/extruded brown/black liquid” obtained by the "first solid-liquid separation”; the mechanical settings of 12, 13, 14, and 15 are used to achieve the "introduction of the material after the heating and heat preservation operation into the screw or roller-type pulping machine, the fiber bundle of the material is subjected to mechanical kneading by rolling and squeezing, and then the material is introduced into the solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation" as described in step four of technical solution 3, "or directly introducing the material after the above-mentioned heating and heat preservation operation into the solid-liquid separator for solid/liquid separation";
- the sub-combination machine V for the "second batching" of "step five” described in Example 3 at least includes: a storage bin 16 for placing the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product A to be treated", a liquid tank 17 for holding the extruded water obtained from the "third solid-liquid separation” described in the subsequent step ten, or a bin 18 for storing the "whisker additive", a weighing and measuring scale 19, and a mixing and stirring device 20 after the "second batching"; thus, the mechanical settings of 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 realize the mechanized operation of "step five" in Example 3;
- the sub-assembly machine VII for performing the "second solid-liquid separation” of "step seven" described in Example 3 at least comprises: a conveying machine 26, a screw or roller type pulping machine 27, a solid-liquid separator 28, and a storage tank 19 for storing the "extruded water obtained from the 'second solid-liquid separation'" described in step seven of Example 3; thus, the mechanical settings of 26, 27, and 28 realize the mechanized operation of "step seven" in Example 3;
- the sub-combination machine VIII for performing the "third batching" of "step eight” described in Example 3 at least comprises: a storage bin 29 for storing the "wet material of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product B to be treated" described in step seven of Example 3, a storage tank 30 for measuring and storing new water and circulating purified water, a bin 31 for storing whisker additives, a weighing scale 32, and a stirring and mixing tank 33; thus, the mechanical settings of 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33 realize the mechanized operation of "step eight" in Example 3;
- the "stirring and washing" sub-assembly machine IX for performing "step nine" of embodiment 3 at least comprises: a conveying mechanism or conveying machine 34, a screw or roller type pulping machine 35, and a material temporary storage tank 36 are arranged after the aforementioned "stirring and mixing tank 33"; thus, the mechanical arrangement of 34, 35, and 36 achieves the process purpose of step nine in embodiment 3: to transfer "'
- the tertiary batching is introduced into a screw or roller type pulping machine, and the fiber bundles of the material are subjected to mechanical kneading treatment by rolling and squeezing, and then the material is introduced into a temporary storage tank for the material to be finally squeezed dry; or the above-mentioned 'third batching' is directly introduced into a mixer for stirring, so that the new water and the old water originally contained in the wet material solid phase fiber of the hydrophilic decomposed fiber intermediate product B are fully mixed, and then the material is introduced into a temporary storage tank
- the "third solid-liquid separation or final modification" of "Step 10" described in Example 3 is performed using a sub-combination machine X, which at least includes: a conveying mechanism or conveying machine 37, a solid-liquid separator 38, a material trough 39 for storing a masking iron/manganese ion auxiliary agent, and a material trough 40 for storing a mildew-proof auxiliary agent; the mechanical settings of 37, 38, 39, and 40 thus achieve the process purpose described in Step 10 of Technical Scheme 3: obtain the "extruded water obtained by the 'third solid-liquid separation'" as described in Step 5 of Example 3, and the final product - a hydrophilic and re-relaxed fiber ⁇ product including ⁇ -1 and/or ⁇ -2; or perform the final modification, which reduces the discoloration and mildew of the product;
- Example 7-2 The equipment used for the "method" of " ⁇ " described in Example 4 involves setting sub-assembly machinery XI to XIII, as shown in area B in Figure 14:
- a sub-assembly machine XI for implementing the method described in Example 4 and "Example 4-1" is set, which at least includes: a liquid storage tank 41, or a heated liquid evaporator 42, and a liquid filling machine 43; the mechanical settings of 41, 42, and 43 are used to directly fill the "by-product material 1" - brown/black liquor described in B of 1-1 of technical solution 1 with a container, or to heat, dehydrate, and concentrate the liquid in an evaporator and then fill it with a container, so that ⁇ -1 of a liquid organic soil conditioner or plant nutrient product can be obtained;
- Example 4-2 which at least includes: a horizontal packed bed or a vertical packed column 44 filled with activated carbon or an acidic clay adsorbent for decolorization, and a pipeline 45 for guiding the liquid material from the aforementioned "liquid storage tank 41" into the "horizontal packed bed or a vertical packed column 44 filled with activated carbon or an acidic clay adsorbent for decolorization”; and a "decolorization adsorption sludge” is directly bagged, or granulated or extruded,
- a sludge processing and packaging machine 46 is provided for drying, dehydrating and then bagging the sludge; a reclaimed water storage tank 47 is provided for storing the "color impurities" removed from 44; the mechanical settings of 44, 45, 46 and 47 realize the mechanical operation of the preparation method described in Example 4-2 in Example 4, and obtain "a solid soil conditioner or plant nutrient mixed with organic and inorganic
- a sub-assembly machine XIII for implementing the method described in Example 4 and "Example 4-3", which at least includes: a sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 for purifying water, and a pipeline 49 for leading the "brown/black liquid” into the sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 between the aforementioned “liquid storage tank 41" and the sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48, a pipeline 50 for leading the "decolorized impurities” clean water from the sedimentation and decolorization treatment tank 48 into the aforementioned “recycled water storage tank 47 for removing "color impurities", and a
- the sludge processing and packaging machine 51 is used for "the decolorized precipitated sludge obtained after the purified water is prepared can be directly bagged after filtration, or can be granulated or extruded, dried and dehydrated, and then bagged"; the mechanical settings of 48, 49, 50, and 51 realize the mechanical operation of the preparation method described in 4-3 of technical solution 4, and obtain "the organic-
- Example 7-3 The equipment used for the "method" of " ⁇ " described in Example 5 involves setting sub-assembly machinery XIV to XVII, as shown in Figure 14 in area C, including:
- the "material preparation" sub-assembly device XIV of Example 5-1 in Example 5 is set, which further includes: a mechanical screen 52, or a crushing machine 53 and a winnowing machine 54;
- the "batch" sub-assembly device XV of Example 5-2 in Example 5 is set, which further includes: a weighing scale 55, a storage bin 56 for storing the "wood” and “plastic” and a softener in the composition of the "wood-plastic composite recycled material coarse particles", and a mixing tank 57 after the batching;
- the "granulation" sub-assembly device XVI of Example 5-3 in Example 5 is set, which further includes: a conveying machine 58 and a coarse particle granulator 59;
- the machine further comprises: a homogenizing and mixing machine 60, a weighing and packaging machine 61;
- Example 7-4 The unit machines of Figure 14 and 1 to 61 as described above can be neatly arranged in a standard container, which is not only neat and easy to clean, but also has the advantages of eliminating noise, facilitating dust collection, and intensive transportation.
- Example 8 The commercial operation model of the "product" or/and “preparation method” described in Examples 1 to 5 and Example 7 includes at least one or more combinations of the following:
- Example 8-1 The commercial operation of "product” or/and “process” can be independently implemented by one enterprise;
- Example 8-2 Multiple companies can divide the "product” varieties, or/and segment the "manufacturing process” to collaboratively implement business operations;
- Example 8-3 The business model of self-operation or outsourcing can be used to implement the commercial operation of "product” and/or “manufacturing method”.
- Embodiment 9 The use of the "product” or/and “preparation method” or/and “device” described in Embodiments 1 to 5 and Embodiment 7 includes at least one or more combinations of the following:
- Example 9-1 The "main product ⁇ - hydrophilic debonded fiber product" described in Example 1 can be used to at least partially or completely replace the traditional recycled pulp for papermaking, or used for paper molded products including egg trays, rice seedling cups/trays, or further processed as a raw material for bleached pulp, or used as a raw material for preparing cellulose ether;
- Example 9-2 The "by-product ⁇ -lignin/resin mixture product" described in Example 1 can be used as at least a soil conditioner or plant nutrient in plant cultivation, or as a softener or filler for rubber/plastic products;
- Example 9-3 The "by-product ⁇ - wood-plastic composite recycled coarse granular product" described in Example 1 can be used at least as a raw material for the modification and/or refinement of wood-plastic particles for hot extruded wood-plastic products, or directly as a new formulation raw material for hot extruded wood-plastic products, and can also be used as a granular fuel for heating;
- Example 9-4 The co-production method of " ⁇ ", “ ⁇ ”, and “ ⁇ ” described in Examples 3 to 5 can be used as described in Example 1, "including the construction industry in demolition/construction, or/and residential decoration, or/and wood processing, or/and garden pruning, the waste wood or mixed waste wood, or waste containing wood components, and then mechanically crushed by any one or more combinations of sawing/milling/cutting/hammering and then sieving to obtain waste wood crushed products" or green resource utilization of waste plastics;
- Example 9-5 The "equipment used in the 'process'" described in Example 7 can be used as an independent commodity;
- Example 9-6 The uses of the "product” or/and “preparation method” or/and “equipment” described in Examples 1 to 5 and 7 can also be expanded to the resource utilization of straw waste in large agricultural fields of grain, cotton and oil, or to the utilization of pressed sugarcane bagasse discarded by the sugar industry, palm fruit bunches discarded by the palm oil industry, or to the utilization of bamboo, etc.
- the positive significance of the present invention lies in: the proposed cleaning product set and preparation method using waste wood chips as raw materials, wherein the core innovation is composed of the cleaning product set " ⁇ , and any one or both of ⁇ and ⁇ ", and the preparation method of clean production thereof; the positive significance thereof has at least three aspects:
- the ⁇ -hydrophilic debonded fiber mentioned in the product collection although it cannot completely have the advantages of longer fibers and high raw material utilization rate of the current wood pulp materials, it can at least partially or completely replace the traditional recycled pulp and be used as papermaking, or be further processed as the raw material for bleached pulp.
- the raw material of this product uses waste wood as an intermediate material in the preparation of biomass fuel particles - waste wood fragments
- "waste wood slender fiber bundles with graded or mixed particle sizes in the range of 3 mesh to 28 mesh” can be sieved out from it, so that it can be fully utilized and avoid being used as fuel too early, which not only alleviates the demand for wood fiber in the paper industry and other fields, but also alleviates the shortage of paper industry and other fields.
- the demand for resources has also improved the benefits of fuel pellet manufacturers;
- the ⁇ mentioned above is a wood-plastic/resin mixture product made from the by-product material obtained when making ⁇ , which can be used in agriculture, rubber/plastics and other industries at low cost and effectively.
- the "raw material” used is neutral or nearly neutral, almost salt-free and has a relatively small volumetric displacement compared with the high alkalinity, high salt content and large displacement of the "black liquor” discharged by traditional pulp;
- the ⁇ mentioned above is a coarse particle product of wood-plastic composite recycled quality, which can take advantage of the biomass granulation industry's own machinery to easily granulate fluffy materials with low energy consumption and high efficiency, and provide low-cost and affordable wood products to the wood-plastic products industry chain in a one-machine-multiple-purpose manner. While creating new raw materials, it also relatively improves the benefits of biomass fuel pellet producers who originally only did one thing;
- the preparation of a clean product set consisting of " ⁇ , and any one or both of ⁇ and ⁇ " is not only pollution-free, but also far more energy-efficient than current technologies: the energy-efficient preparation of ⁇ can be confirmed by qualitatively comparing it with the high-temperature and high-pressure cooking required in the energy-intensive pulp production, the high-discharge black alkali liquor, and the acid neutralization and high-energy evaporation and concentration required for pollution control and comprehensive utilization of the black alkali liquor; the energy-efficient preparation of ⁇ can be confirmed by comparing the acid neutralization and high-energy evaporation and concentration required for comprehensive utilization of the black alkali liquor in the energy-intensive pulp production; the energy-efficient preparation of ⁇ can be confirmed by comparing the high-energy consuming wood-plastic products industry's mixing of fluffy sawdust powder with plastics or the purification process of filtering rubber;
- the technical solution can at least be expanded to be applied to the straw waste in the agricultural fields of grain, cotton and oil, or to the utilization of palm fruit bunches discarded by the squeezing of sugarcane bagasse and palm oil industry, or to the utilization of bamboo, etc.
- the first type that is, "or" uses the general sentence pattern: A or B, which means: choose one from the two types - A and B.
- the second type uses the general sentence pattern: A or/and B, which means: choose one from the three types - A, B, A and B.
- the fourth type uses the general sentence pattern: A or and B, which means: choose one of the two types - A, A and B; it is also equivalent to "A or again and B" or "A, or again and B".
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Abstract
本发明提供一种以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合及制法。所述"产品集合"特征为:用废木碎化物,或再和废塑料为原料,经清洁生产工艺所制获;所述"产品集合"的具体构成由如下所述的主产品α,再与副产品β、δ的任一或两者的组合所构成:主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,所述α,其中又可被细分有α-1——被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品,和α-2——被控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品;副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品,所述β,其中又可被细分有β-1——由"棕/黑液"直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得,β-2——由"棕/黑液"经吸附提浓路径而得,β-3由"棕/黑液"经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得;副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品。
Description
本发明提供一种特别能适用由混杂的废木为原料经清洁化工艺所获的产品集合及制法,涉及包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和居民装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪等在内的途径,所得到的废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,或和由从当今社会上收集的废塑料,做清洁化的资源再利用。本发明属废木或和废塑料再生的综合利用范畴。
目前,我国已是世界第二大经济体,又属世界人口最多的大国。我国在国民经济活动中,纸浆和纸的消费量巨大,但我国又是造纸制浆主原料——木材,是属人均资源极度匮乏的国度。
由于我国制浆造纸的主原料既木材的极度匮乏,一些在有着靠近沿海地域优势的造纸制浆企业,就利用起了如建筑业的拆/建施工、居民装修、木业加工、园林修剪等领域所排弃出的大量废木或混杂废木,用这种种的“废木或混杂废木”制浆。然而,因用木材制纸浆的现时工艺最后所排出的水,总无法经济地脱除其中的无机溶盐,故即使是按国标《制浆造纸工业水污染物排放标准》(GB3544-2008)全做到及格,但所处理后的清水既无法实现无限次地被回用,也没法被用作农业灌溉用水,只能将其排放入大海或注入能入海的江、河,而要使制浆排出水入“大海或能入海的江、河”,则就不但要受地域的限制,还必须将影响海、江、河水质的制浆排出水里的COD有机物等杂质,按(GB3544-2008)国标处理合格,而这种处理,若是产能不上到年产10万吨纸浆规模以上,则经济和社会效益堪忧。
而在无近海地域优势的较内陆地区,大量的“废木或混杂废木”在目前的所谓资源化再利用途径,仅是集中在制生物质燃料颗粒,或还不当地将含有长纤维成分的“废木或混杂废木”也都仅是悉数送木塑制品业,被其做配制木塑复合颗粒中的“木”组份。
目前就建筑业的拆/建施工、居民装修、木业加工、园林修剪等领域所排弃出的大量废木或混杂废木,如何地用其制浆或是能制成部分地替代纸浆的类似新材料,且又能最后不排出高含无机溶盐的废水,行业中除碱性过氧化氢制浆工艺能较碱法有巨大进步外,但过程中的水离无害田间环境植备的要求还相去甚远,既要求:水中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔浓度≤0.034mol/L,或/和所含的可溶性无机钠盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度≤0.20%(wt%)——盐碱地定义门槛值;又无氨等不良废气排放;或无酶法繁琐操控的严要求;所用化学助剂能既简单又廉价、安全和有效;过程中的循环水要既少又易被无害化处理或利用;而这种理想的工艺要求,业界还未见有文献报道。
对制纸浆宜用长纤维和制生物质燃料颗粒、木塑复合颗粒可用粉化的纤维,这两者的不同要求又如何被合理地衔接入对前述“废木或混杂废木”的资源化利用;再有,“废木或混杂废木”中的木种差异极大,这主要表现在各种木里的憎水性树脂成份和含量总是有着较大的差别,用混合树种的“废木或混杂废木”要制出亲水性的可被用于纸中的纤维,这可能会在水溶液热浸渍工序后,会存在产品纤维材质的不均匀;若是“废木或混杂废木”中还有着漆皮等含色杂质,更会使所获欲用于纸的纤维产品带有显色尘埃的缺陷,那么这种有明显缺陷的亲水纤维产品又有何用途呢?对这些疑问和解决方式,均未见有文献报道。
对前述“废木或混杂废木”中的种种杂质,其如何能在一种新工艺中被无碍环境和低成本地绕避,这须有新技术方案。
另外,现时在木塑行业,使用废木屑与塑料制木塑复合制品,其对蓬松的木屑与塑料的混合、复合之制备过程,都是使用快速搅拌机先粗混合后,再用高扭矩低转速的加热
挤出机先将废木屑与塑料混合物热挤出成最基础和大宗性的木塑复合质颗粒备用料,这种备用料隐含着诸多的工艺弊端;然后再用此备用料,进一步按具体小宗的木塑复合制品的客户指定的材质要求,再作配方调整,将此“大宗性的木塑复合质颗粒备用料”再与助剂等改性材质的含塑颗粒相混,再一起被导入作木塑制品的挤出机,最后物料经热挤,出模口冷却,或热挤出料被注压入定型模具,而获得木塑复合制品。而这种木塑复合制品业中对蓬松的木屑与可能也呈蓬松的废塑料膜,特别是废塑料膜料中还含铝箔等杂质成份,作混合热挤出制“大宗性的木塑复合质颗粒备用料”时,存在着能耗高和污染大等的工艺弊端。所述的“工艺弊端”的具体表现,其一是:处于非熔融态的泡货状木塑混合料,难于被导入高扭矩的螺杆挤出机的进料口,现时行业中的对付方式和困惑是:用强力机械硬推非熔融态的泡货状木塑混合料入螺杆挤出机的进料口,则又会遇到非熔融态的泡货状木塑混合料对挤出机螺杆的强抱杆阻力,由此存在高耗能和低产出的问题;其二是:物料中当有金属等非木非塑的硬颗粒杂质,或/和所用废塑料是经水洗工序后的潮料时,要采用放气或/和热滤胶工序,而放气、热滤胶操作的烟/雾气大,这不但导致排气消烟的风机能耗高,而且热滤胶操作会使工人劳动强度变高和对身体的伤害大。对此“工艺弊端”也未见有从清洁生产层面做出改进的文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的:针对现有“涉及包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和居民装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪等在内的途径,所得到的废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,或和由从当今社会上收集的废塑料”的应用技术不足,提供一种以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合及制法。所述“产品集合”中的主产品是亲水疏解纤维,其物性至少可被部分或全部地替代传统再生纸浆被用作抄纸,或被做进一步深加工制漂白纸浆的原料;副产品其一是木素/树脂混合物产品,或/和其二是木塑复合再生质粗粒产品。最后,对所提供的产品、制法、设备等,也提供其具体方向性的用途等。
本发明的构思是:
1.提供一种以废木材质的合适粒径物等为原料,经清洁化工艺处理,获得一产品集合及其制法。
2.构思1所述“废木”,其至少涉及由建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和居民装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪等在内的途径,所得到的废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物。
3.构思1所述“等”,至少涉及“废木”利用后续的辅配原料,如由从当今社会上收集的废塑料等。
4.构思1所述“产品集合”,其又至少包括:可部分或全部替代至少是废瓦楞纸箱类的再生纸浆作抄纸用途的亲水疏解纤维产品α,与至少是可被用作土壤有机改良剂等的产品β,或/和木塑复合再生质粗粒产品δ的组合。
5.构思4所述“可部分或全部替代至少是废瓦楞纸箱类的再生纸浆作抄纸用途的亲水疏解纤维产品α”,其至少要有三个材质特征,其一是:达到入水不浮于水面,以满足作抄纸应用时能用泵在水面下吸入所述的“亲水疏解纤维”,和满足用泵喷嘴将“亲水疏解纤维”和着水喷送至造纸机的湿部毛毯上;其二是:所述“亲水疏解纤维”在下游造纸企业使用时,当其在经如高浓磨等受到高于70℃和接触水的工况时,不会出现像热水泡茶叶那样而使水呈深棕色的现象;其三是,所述“亲水疏解纤维”,在其生产过程里,其所涉的水里,所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与“水”的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,且不散发有害性气味,和所用助剂中不含或减少使用具有过氧化物等隐含可能会不利于安全生产的物质——
强氧化剂或强还原剂。前述这“其一”是下游使用时的门槛条件,“其二”、“其三”特征,是生产和使用时保证环保、安全的红线。
6.构思1所述“废木材质”“合适粒径物”,具体构思是:因构思5中所述“环保的红线”限制,这必会使对“废木材质”作热水溶液浸渍中的液对固的渗透力严重弱化,为弥补“液对固的渗透力严重弱化”,将现时木材制纸浆中为求更多地获得长纤维而采取的用木片入碱液,改为牺牲些长纤维得率的“过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的废木长纤维细束状碎化物”,既以增大木之固相料的表面积的方式来作调整。
7.因构思5中所述“环保、安全的红线”限制,这还会使木纤维的分叉变少和表面毛糙度下降,由此又会带来纤维在造纸等用途中的纤维相互间犹如尼龙搭扣般的缠绕或搭合的结合力下降,或根本就捏不拢团,既无纤维间缠绕或搭合的结合力;为解决这一问题,具体构思是:在纤维表面使用水不溶或难溶物质为晶须材料作接枝,但作为晶须材料的量则严控在对亲水疏解纤维绝干料每100重量份,可为≤1~3~5~9重量份范围,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份,以保证下游应用所要求的低灰份要求。
8.在“亲水疏解纤维产品α”制备近完成时,或和再添加掩蔽铁/锰离子的助剂,以使产品不变色和更趋白色;或和再添加纸浆制备业之常规量的普通杀菌防霉助剂。
9.制备构思4所述“亲水疏解纤维产品α”时,其用水中的棕/黑液流向与构思6所述“废木长纤维细束状碎化物”的流向相反,以使脱木素/树脂所涉水的用量最少化;制备“亲水疏解纤维产品α”的工艺中,要有将液和固相混合物被加热至≥70℃至少2次,并在每次被加热后各跟随一次固液分离,并总做至少三次固液分离,以达到构思5中所述“其二”的要求。
10.充分利用制“亲水疏解纤维产品α”时所获副产物料,包括利用制“亲水疏解纤维产品α”时所获“棕/黑液”制备构思4所述“土壤有机改良剂等产品β”,或/和至少是利用废木碎化物中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,制备构思4所述的“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”。
11.为使“亲水疏解纤维产品α”的质量便于认定,提供一个能相对是硬度和纤维间结合力恒定的标定物,以便于用标定物与被检测样,作物物间的直接掐/搓就可知其质量的好坏;使用常规分析方法,对“棕/黑液”及“亲水疏解纤维产品α”之热水浸出液中可溶于水的有机物含量之比给出界定。
12.构思9中所述的“制备”“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”要设法顺带解决木塑复合制品行业中的“工艺弊端”,既:处于非熔融态的泡货状木塑混合料,难于被导入高扭矩的螺杆挤出机的进料口,和物料中当有金属等非木非塑的硬颗粒杂质,或/和所用废塑料是经水洗工序后的潮料时,难以解决放气、热滤胶操作中的烟/雾气共混且大量排放和劳动强度高对操作工人身体的伤害大等难题。
本发明目的和技术构思是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
1.以废木废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合,其特征在于:用废木碎化物,或再和废塑料为原料,经加工子路径的串/并联集成清洁生产之工艺及组合设备或装置阵,最后制得清洁化产品集合,所述“产品集合”的具体构成由如下所述的主产品α,再与副产品β、δ的任一或两者的组合所构成:
主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,以前述“废木碎化物”之中的一部分为原料:废木经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合碎化,再过筛所获的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物,或/和选用厚度不超过1mm的机刨刨花;制备过程中会排出棕/黑液,所述“棕/黑液”的重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%
的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围;且“棕/黑液”中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与其所含水的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,其pH值皆不超出5.0~9.4范围;使用的助剂中,所含苛性碱、氨、铵盐、过氧化物、生物酶的任一或多种的总含量为0;或和制备中使用水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,对纤维表面实施低灰分的晶须接枝/包覆,所述“晶须助剂”,对主产品α中绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;所述主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,其入水不浮水面;
所述α,其中又可被细分有α-1——被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品,和α-2——被控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品;
副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品,以制α中所排“棕/黑液”为原料所制获;
β-1——由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-2——由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-3由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品,至少以前述“废木碎化物”之中的另一部分:“过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物”与“废塑料”为原料,或和再与与前述“棕/黑液”存在传质联系,使用生物质燃料颗粒机制粒;
所述产品集合中的“α”,其更多特征是如下1-1;“β”,其更多特征是如下1-2;“δ”,其更多特征是如下1-3所述:
1-1.所述的“α”,其特征至少包括如下A至F,或再与G的组合:
A.所用原料:包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木的碎化物为原料之中的一部分:过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物;
B.副产物料:副产物料1:在制所述的“α”时,会在热水脱木素/树脂工序经压/挤排出棕/黑液;所述的“棕/黑液”,其重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围;所述“棕/黑液”中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与其升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,或/和所含的可溶性无机钠盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度≤0.20%(wt%),或水中所含的可溶性无机盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度与生产实施地所取水源中的总浓度之差≤0.01%(wt%),“棕/黑液”之pH值皆不超出5.0~9.4范围;
或和副产物料2:使用活性炭和酸性白土,对前述“棕/黑液”制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥;或对前述“棕/黑液”,滴加硫酸酸化至pH值不超出7.0条件下,使用活性炭或活性炭和酸性白土制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥;
或和副产物料3:使用化学或生化法,对前述“棕/黑液”制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥;
C.残留色度:产品α入清水,以产品绝干料与清水按重量比=1:6所加热至70℃泡化5至10分钟后所挤获未蒸发失重清液料,以比色管直观或比色仪检测色度不浓于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水稀释16倍的色度,或仪器检测其COD或BOD值不高于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水体积稀释16倍的COD或BOD值,或用容量滴定法测其高锰酸钾退色消耗量值不高于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水体积稀释16倍的高锰酸钾退色消耗量值;
D.产品剂型:产品α的剂型可为含水不多于75%呈松散肉松状潮料、含水不多于20%的肉松状干料、含水不多于20%的纸状干料、含水不多于20%的呈压实砖状干料、含水不多于20%的呈压实颗粒状干料的任一种;
E.物性指标:被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的α-1,或α-1与控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的α-2之可被方便任意掺配的两组料;在与标样团料——天牛幼虫或木蠹蛾幼虫蛀食柳树杆的粪便所制标样,做团料对团料的对掐测试中,α-1或α-2的硬度≤标样的硬度;在与标样团料,做团料对团料的对搓10次测试中,以裸眼看或用天平秤重比较,α-1或α-2的散落屑量不多于标样散落屑量的2倍;
F.产程特征:生产过程里,所涉水中,所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与“水”的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L;和采用不低于70℃的水至少2次浸渍纤维物料,以脱除纤维中的木素/树脂;所述的“水”流中之逐级渐浓的棕/黑液流向与纤维物料在生产过程中的流向呈逆流;或和添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,其添加量对主产品α或其中间产物里绝干纤维100重量份,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份,对纤维表面实施低灰分的晶须接枝/包覆;
G.较佳参数:或B项所述的“其排出的重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=100~120~150/100范围;或和F项所述的“添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,其添加量对主产品α或其中间产物里绝干纤维100重量份”“为≤1~3~5重量份”,“既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份”,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶等的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁等的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合;
1-2.所述的“β”,其至少由1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”、“副产物料2”、“副产物料3”的任一为原料,包括仅经包装,或再经脱水提浓或干燥处理后再作包装所获的“中间产物或产品β”,其品种、剂型特征分别为H、I:
H.品种范围:由所述“副产物料1”——在热水脱木素/树脂工序排出有压/挤出的棕/黑液,直接使用或被经脱水浓缩后再可被配方施用的有机液体土壤改良\植物营养剂β-1,既由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
由所述“副产物料2”——使用吸附剂对前述“棕/黑液”制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥,直接使用或被经脱水干燥后再可被配方施用的有机-无机混合的胶体或固体土壤改良\植物营养剂,或作橡/塑制品的填充料的β-2,既由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
由所述“副产物料3”——使用化学或生化法对前述“棕/黑液”制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥,直接使用或被经脱水干燥后再可被配方施用的有机-无机的胶体或固体土壤改良\植物营养剂β-3,既由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
I.剂型包括:可为呈液体状、胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种;
1-3.所述“δ”,其中“木”之特征为如下J至K的组合,其中“塑”之特征为如下L或L与M的组合,所述“δ”的组成特征为如下N和O,所述“δ”的剂型为P,所述“δ”的材料质地强度为Q,所述“δ”所用及的粗粒造粒机为R;
J.木之来源:其中的“木”为来源于至少是包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木的碎化物之中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物;
K.产品含木:由如上J项所述的“一部分”,为所述“木”在空气中自然干燥后
含15%平衡水量之干基重,在产品δ总重量中占5%至78%(wt%)之范围里的任一种或多种的组合;
L.塑之来源:其中的“塑”之原料,皆选材于废塑料;
M.废塑品种:如L所述“废塑料”,至少包括如后所述的任一或多种的组合:废纸再生所弃的杂废塑膜渣,包括所述“杂废塑膜渣”经水浮选所获浮水含塑物,或/和沉水含塑物;商品的塑膜质废包装袋、塑膜包装袋生产中的切/冲边料、废复合塑膜材、商标标贴生产/使用中所弃的塑膜复合离型纸/膜、废铝塑复合膜、废农用塑膜;由废旧轮胎经破碎分离出的含杂聚合物纤维,从汽车中拆除出的废化纤绒布,废化纤地毯、废化纤织物、废化纤熔喷布、废化纤过滤纸;废电线塑料皮、废塑料包装带、废塑料编织袋、废土工布、废/旧塑料鞋、废塑料铺地制品、废塑料玩具、废塑料桶、废塑料瓶、废塑料土工布、废/旧塑料草坪、废杂塑料建材、废塑料管、废塑料板、废塑料文具、废塑料箱/包、废塑料杂件;废PVC人造革、废PU人造革;废泡沫塑料;
N.产品组成:所述“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”的组成,至少可被设置呈甲、乙、丙、丁之第一组,或/和戊、己、更、辛之第二组,或/和壬、癸之第三组,即可在第一至第三组中的甲至癸中任取一或多种以任意比的作搀兑联用,就能方便地使木塑复合再生质粗粒的下游之塑料粒子或制品中的“木”或携“杂质”的“木”总重量投料占比为5%至78%范围,前述“携‘杂质’的‘木’”中的两者重量之比为W杂质/W木=0~10/100,所述的“木”,为含水量不高于15%的绝干料,所述的“杂质”为如前1-1中B中所述“副产物料1”至“副产物料3”中的任一或多种的组合;“塑”和软化剂的总重量投料占比为22%至95%范围,前述“‘塑’和软化剂”中的两者重量之比为W塑/W软化剂=100/0~100:
第一组:
甲中包括“木”总重量投料占比为76%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为24%;
乙中包括“木”总重量投料占比为35%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为65%;
丙中包括“木”总重量投料占比为25%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为75%;
丁中包括“木”总重量投料占比为5,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为95%;
第二组:
戊中包括“木”总重量投料占比为77%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为23%;
己中包括“木”总重量投料占比为38%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为62%;
更中包括“木”总重量投料占比为23%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为77%;
辛中包括“木”总重量投料占比为10,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为90%;
第三组:
壬中包括“木”总重量投料占比为78%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为22%;
癸中包括“木”总重量投料占比为15%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为85%;
O.随市变化:或在M项所述的“在第一至第三组中的甲至癸中任取一或多种搀兑联用,控制了在木塑复合再生质粗粒的下游塑料粒子或制品中的“木”或携“杂质”的“木”总重量投料占比为总重量投料占比为5%至78%范围,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为22%至95%范围”内,N项所述的“第一组”、“第二组”、“第三组”中的甲至癸的各投料组合中的“木”总重量投料占比,与“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比,皆可按市场客户的定制来定;
P.剂型特征:所述的“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”剂型为:其组成的物料按N项前述的“第一组”或/和“第二组”或/和“第三组”中的甲至癸各分组合配料投料,经粗粒造粒机处理后,所得固态的外观呈柱粒状、不规则的碎粒状、小豆/圆团粒状的任一种;
Q.质地强度:如P项所述“剂型”的质地强度呈:可被人手指/掌直接拉/扳/捏/撕
/抓得碎的低强度,所述“低强度”,至少是:抗拉强度≤3PMa的塑料之标样试片;
R.粗粒造粒:如P项所述“粗粒造粒机”,具体是指具有连续式进/出料功能的饲料颗粒机、有机肥造粒机、生物质燃料颗粒机的任一种,或是用滚筒法处理粉料掺混液体制粒的造粒机。
2.技术方案1所述“废木或混杂废木”与“含木成份的废弃物”,至少包括:
建筑施工过程中用废的方木、木模板、木跳板、脚手架竹跳板的任一或多种的混合,或/和在拆旧房时所获的杂废碎木料;所述的“方木”,还包括由层压木质的混凝土浇筑施工用废后的木模板为原料,将其裁条再制和又被用废的复合方木;所述的“木模板”,还包括层压木质、纤维板质、秸秆/木颗粒质、木/竹塑复合质的任一种之被废弃板材。
3.技术方案1所述产品集合中的“α”之制法,其工艺特征包括如下步骤一至十:
步骤一——预处理备料:对废木或混杂废木先做归类分拣,或再对已归类分拣料中所含的金属或/和漆层或/和水泥块或/和沙石块或/和树皮杂质作进一步的脱杂处理,然后再对已归类、分拣、脱杂的废木再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化;
筛取上述废木经机械碎化物料中的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的细长状纤维束废木碎化物;排出另作利用的过28目筛的废木碎化物;
或对筛取的废木或混杂废木的细长状纤维束废木碎化物中仍存有金属、带漆锯屑、塑料锯屑、水泥粒、沙石粒、树皮的任一或多种组合杂质的,则再须对其施用磁选或/和风选或/和色选之机械处理,予以脱杂净化;
或对已获脱杂净化的废木或混杂废木的细长状纤维束废木碎化物,再施机械膨化处理;
由此获得备做步骤二处理的备用细长状纤维束废木碎化物,此“备用细长状纤维束废木碎化物”料以其在空气中自然吸附的平衡水量15%(wt)计的,被称之为自然绝干料;
步骤二——第一次配料:取经步骤一所获的“备用细长状纤维束废木碎化物”料之自然绝干料:100重量份,拌入后续步骤七所述“第二次固液分离”所获的挤出水,所述“拌入”“挤出水”,在测知后续步骤四所述“第一次固液分离”所获固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份,则“拌入”的“挤出水”为不少于:2x重量份;或再拌入前述“挤出水”“2x重量份”的0.1~0.3%重量份之表面活性剂:丁基萘磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠的任一种或多种的组合,或/和椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的任一或多种的组合;所述的“2x”对应废木废木细长状纤维束碎化物之自然绝干料100重量份:在25~50~300重量份范围;
步骤三——加热溶出:将前述“‘备用细长状纤维束废木碎化物’料之自然绝干料:100重量份”、“后续步骤七所述‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”:“2x重量份”,或和“‘挤出水’‘2x重量份’的0.1~0.3%重量份之‘表面活性剂’”,将这些物料置于一可被搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐中,对物料实施均匀搅拌和加热至70℃以上,并保温滞留至少5分钟,或被取样分析,当不见有挤出液的颜色更变深色时,即可停止此加热、保温操作;
步骤四——第一次固液分离:将上述“加热、保温操作”后的物料,导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;或直接将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如技术方案1所述的“压/挤出棕/黑液”,和初脱除纤维中水溶质的待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料;
本“第一次固液分离”,所获的“压/挤出棕/黑液”,其排出的重量份W压/挤出棕/黑液,与亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲之自然绝干料重量份W亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的比例,可使用常规的固液
分离机械,被控制在W压/挤出棕/黑液/W亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲=25~100~300/100范围,既本“第一次固液分离”,所获潮料中“亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲”之自然绝干料重量百分含量,能被控制在80%~50%~25%范围;
步骤五——第二次配料:在测知步骤四所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份后,取“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”所含之自然绝干料100重量份和所携的游离水x重量份,再拌入后续步骤十所述“第三次固液分离”所获的挤出水不少于:x重量份;或和再按技术方案1中1-1里E项所述“α-1”与“α-2”的差异性要求,有差别地再配加晶须助剂,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶等的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁等的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合;所述的“晶须助剂”,其对“亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”之绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既添加量≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;
将本步骤五所述的第二次配料,先在搅拌槽中混匀,即成待入高浓磨处理的物料;
步骤六——碾磨消潜:将步骤五所得的“待入高浓磨处理的物料”,导入高浓磨处理;或再将出高浓磨的发热物料,乘热导入带保温设置的消潜罐中保温或和加热,以不低于70℃之温静置,以松弛经高浓磨处理过程中产生的对纤维的扭结、卷曲,和对纤维中的憎水性脂类的溶出;
由此步骤六处理后,获得又待固液分离之碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料;
步骤七——第二次固液分离:将上述“碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料”导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;或省去机械柔化,就将上述“碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料”直接导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如前“步骤二”中所述的“‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和尚待最后再作新水洗涤之待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料;
步骤八——第三次配料:在测知步骤七所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份后,取“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”所含之自然绝干料100重量份和所携的游离水x重量份,再拌入新水或和脱色杂的再生水不少于:x重量份;或和再配加晶须助剂,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合;所述的“晶须助剂”,其对“亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”中的绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既添加量≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;由此步骤八的计量加水和晶须助剂,获待送步骤九处理的第三次配料;
步骤九——搅拌洗涤:将上述步骤八的“第三次配料”导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;或将上述“第三次配料”直接导入搅拌机作搅拌,使新水、晶须助剂与亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料固相纤维中本来所含的旧水物料,实现充分的混合,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;
由此步骤九的处理,获得待送步骤十处理的待最后挤干的物料;
步骤十——第三次固液分离或和最后修饰:将上述步骤九的“待最后挤干的物料”导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如前“步骤五”中所述的“‘第三次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和最后产品——包括α-1或/和α-2之亲水疏解纤维α产品;或和再对最后产品添加掩蔽铁/锰离子的助剂;或和再对最后产品添加常规量的普通防霉助剂。
4.技术方案1所述产品集合中的“β”之制法,具体涉及β-1、β-2、β-3品种,其特征至少如下:
4-1.将技术方案1里1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”,既在热水脱木素/树脂工序排出的“棕/黑液”为原料,直接用盛器灌装,或被经蒸发器加热脱水浓缩后再用盛器灌装,既可获得呈液体的有机土壤改良剂或称植物营养剂产品的β-1;
4-2.将技术方案1里1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”,导入装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱,对前述“副产物料1”既“棕/黑液”,作对“棕/黑液”的脱色净化,导出脱色后的水,做补充技术方案3中步骤八的“新水”,对吸饱色杂的“活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂”既“副产物料2”,除可作脱附再生外,也可将此吸饱色杂的“副产物料2”为原料,作直接装袋,或被经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋;即可相应地制获呈胶泥状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料产品的β-2;
4-3.将技术方案1里1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”,使用化学/生化法对前述“棕/黑液”实施沉淀脱色的净化操作,导出脱色后的水,做补充技术方案3中步骤八的“新水”;对制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥——“副产物料3”,可直接以“副产物料3”为原料,经压滤后可直接装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋;既可相应地制获呈胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂β-3。
5.技术方案1所述产品集合中的“δ”之制法,其特征如下:
5-1.备料:对技术方案1中1-3里J项所述“废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物之中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物”,做“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”中的“木”备料;
对购入或/和免费收集来的废塑料原料,对其呈压缩打包态或/和其中杂有大块金属、砖块类固体的原料,则须先经破碎、风选,以开松物料和脱除其中的金属、砖块类硬质固体;将脱除了杂质的蓬松废塑料作为“木塑复合再生质粗粒”中的“塑”备料;
5-2.配料:按技术方案1中1-3里M或N所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”的组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂在产品总重量中的投料占比,秤重配料;
5-3.造粒:将秤配好的料,经混合集料仓,再由机械输送,投于技术方案1中1-3里之Q所述“粗粒造粒机”中成粒;所述“粗粒造粒机”所使用的机械是:具有连续式进/出料功能的饲料颗粒机、有机肥造粒机、生物质燃料颗粒机的任一种,或再在前述“颗粒机”/“造粒机”之后再串联螺旋切粒中碎机;前述的“颗粒机”/“造粒机”,出机物料呈过孔模所形成的段条粒状,如将前述“段条粒状”“物料”再经串联的螺旋切粒中碎机处理,则再出机物料就呈不规则颗粒;成粒时的物料被机械挤压/摩擦所发热升温,可用向物料或/和机械中的夹层中加水方式,来操控其出机物料不超过110℃;此操作所造成的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”,其质地呈可被人手指/掌直接拉/扳/捏/撕得碎的低强度;其成粒形状至少包括呈过孔模所形成的段条粒状或呈不规则颗粒;所述“孔模”的孔形,至少包括等边或不等边长的3至12边形的任一种,或圆形;所述“粒”的大小,在过25mm至不过2.0mm筛孔范围的任一孔径的分级或混合;
5-4.均化混粒:若5-3项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”在后续包装后有明显的包包不同质的质量瑕疵,则可在称重包装前加施混粒均化处理,所述的处理,既是用机械滚筒将5-3项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”导入,滚翻混合匀即可;
5-5.称重包装:将符合质量要求的5-3或/和5-4项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”经称重后导入市场客户认可规格的包装袋中;
5-6.入库质检:将包装好的产品按序入库,并按市场客户所需知的指标项,给出各批次入库产品的质检报告作存档。
6.技术方案3至5所述“制法”所用及的设备,其特征还在于如下6-1至6-3,或和6-4所述:
6-1.实施技术方案3所述“步骤一”至“步骤十”,涉及设置组合机械Ⅰ至Ⅹ:
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤一”的“预处理备料”用组合机械Ⅰ,其中至少包括:设置机械筛1,以筛取废木或混杂废木碎化物料中的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的细长状纤维束废木碎化物;或在机械筛1之后再设置磁选机2或/和风选机3或/和色选机4,以实施对筛取的废木或混杂废木碎化物中或仍存有金属、带漆锯屑、塑料锯屑、水泥粒、沙石粒、树皮的任一或多种组合杂质的,可对其施用磁选或/和风选或/和色选之机械处理,予以脱杂净化;
或再设置膨化处理机械5,由此1、2、3、4、5的机械设置,可实现对已获脱杂净化的废木或混杂废木碎化物,再施机械膨化处理;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤二”的“第一次配料”用组合机械Ⅱ,其中至少包括:设置放置“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”的配料仓6,盛载后续步骤七所述“第二次固液分离”所获的挤出水之液槽7,或和设置存放“表面活性剂”的料仓8,设置称重计量衡器9,设置对“第一次配料”后的混合搅拌器10;由此6、7、8、9、10的机械设置,实现对技术方案3中步骤二的“第一次配料”之实现;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤三”的“加热溶出”用组合机械Ⅲ,其中至少包括:
设置设置搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐11;以此11的机械设置,实现对技术方案3中步骤三所述“‘备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物’料之自然绝干料:100重量份”、“后续步骤七所述‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”:“2x重量份”,或和“‘挤出水’‘2x重量份’的0.1~0.3%重量份之‘表面活性剂’”,将这些物料置于一可被搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐11中,对物料实施均匀搅拌和加热至70℃以上,并保温滞留的操作;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤四”的“第一次固液分离”用组合机械Ⅳ,其中至少包括:设置输送机械12、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机13,固液分离机14,存放“第一次固液分离”所获的“压/挤出棕/黑液”的储槽15;由此12、13、14、15的机械设置,实现将技术方案3中步骤四所述将“加热、保温操作后的物料导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离”,“或直接将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离”;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤五”的“第二次配料”用组合机械Ⅴ,其中至少包括:设置放置“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”的存料仓16,盛载后续步骤十所述“第三次固液分离”所获的挤出水之液槽17,或和设置存放“添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂”的料仓18,设置称重计量衡器19,设置对“第二次配料”后的混合搅拌器20;由此16、17、18、19、20的机械设置实现对技术方案3中“步骤五”的机械化操作;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤六”的“碾磨消潜”用组合机械Ⅵ,其中至少包括:设置高浓磨浆机21,在高浓磨浆机21的进料口之前设置待处理物料的储料仓22,在储料仓22与高浓磨浆机21之间,设置输送机构或输送机械23;在高浓磨浆机21的出料口之后,
设置带保温或和加热功能的消潜罐24,在高浓磨浆机21的出料口与消潜罐24的进料口之间,设置输送机构或输送机械25;由此21、22、23、24、25的机械设置实现对技术方案3中“步骤六”的机械化操作;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤七”的“第二次固液分离”用组合机械Ⅶ,其中至少包括:设置输送机械26、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机27,固液分离机28,存放技术方案3中步骤七所述“‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”之储槽19;由此26、27、28的机械设置实现对技术方案3中“步骤七”的机械化操作;
对实施技术方案3所述对“步骤八”的“第三次配料”用组合机械Ⅷ,其中至少包括:设置存放技术方案3中步骤七所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”之储料仓29,计量存放新水和循环净化水的储槽30,存放水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂的料仓31,称量衡器32,搅拌混合槽33;由此29、30、31、32、33的机械设置实现对技术方案3中“步骤八”的机械化操作;
对实施技术方案3所述对“步骤九”的“搅拌洗涤”用组合机械Ⅸ,其中至少包括:在前述的“搅拌混合槽33”后设置输送机构或输送机械34、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机35,物料暂储槽36;由此34、35、36的机械设置,实现技术方案3中步骤九所述工艺目的:将“‘第三次配料’导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;或将上述‘第三次配料’直接导入搅拌机作搅拌,使新水与亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料固相纤维中本来所含的旧水,实现充分的混合,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽”;
对实施技术方案3所述“步骤十”的“第三次固液分离或和最后修饰”用组合机械Ⅹ,其中至少包括:设置输送机构或输送机械37、固液分离机38,设置存放掩蔽铁/锰离子助剂的料槽39、存放防霉助剂的料槽40;由此37、38、39、40的机械设置,实现技术方案3中步骤十所述工艺目的:得到如技术方案3中步骤五中所述的“‘第三次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和最后产品——包括α-1或/和α-2之亲水疏解纤维α产品;或和再做最后修饰,既减少产品的变色和被霉;
6-2.实施技术方案4所述“制法”所用及的设备,涉及设置组合机械Ⅺ至ⅩⅢ:
设置实施技术方案4所述及“4-1”制法的组合机械Ⅺ,其中至少包括:设置液体储存槽41,或再增设加热液体蒸发器42,和设置液体灌装机械43;由此41、42、43的机械设置,实现将技术方案1的1-1中B里所述“副产物料1”——棕/黑液,被直接用盛器灌装,或被经蒸发器加热脱水浓缩后再用盛器灌装,既可获得呈液体的有机土壤改良剂或称植物营养剂产品的β-1;
或和设置实施技术方案4所述及“4-2”制法的组合机械Ⅻ,其中至少包括:设置装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱44,和设置由前述“液体储存槽41”导液体料入“装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱44”的管路45;和设置对“脱色吸附渣泥”作“直接装袋,或被经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋”的渣泥处理包装机械46;设置储存出44之脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽46;由此44、45、46、47的机械设置,实现技术方案4中4-2所述制法的机械操作,获得“呈胶泥状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料产品的β-2”;
或和设置实施技术方案4所述及“4-3”制法的组合机械ⅩⅢ,其中至少包括:设置净化水用的沉淀脱色处理池48,和在前述“液体储存槽41”与沉淀脱色处理池48之间设置导出“棕/黑液”入沉淀脱色处理池48的管路49,设置由沉淀脱色处理池48之“脱色杂”清水导入前述“脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽47”的管路50,设置“对制净化水后所获的脱
色沉淀渣泥,经压滤后可直接装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋”之渣泥处理包装机械51;由此48、49、50、51的机械设置,实现技术方案4中4-3所述制法的机械操作,获得“呈胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂β-3”;
6-3.执行技术方案5所述“δ”之“制法”所用及的设备,涉及设置子组合机械ⅩⅣ至ⅩⅦ,其中包括:
设置技术方案5中5-1的“备料”子组合装置ⅩⅣ,其中又包括:机械筛52,或再加破碎机械53、风选机械54;
设置技术方案5中5-2的“配料”子组合装置ⅩⅤ,其中又包括:称重衡器55、分别存放所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂的储料仓56,和计量配料后的混合槽57;
设置技术方案5中5-3的“造粒”子组合装置ⅩⅥ,其中又包括:输送机械58、粗粒造粒机59;
设置技术方案5中5-4至5-5的“均化混粒”、“称重包装”子组合装置ⅩⅦ其中又包括:均化混粒机60、称重包装机械61;
6-4.或和可将如前6-1至6-3所述1至61的各单元机械,规整设置入标准集装箱。
7.技术方案1至6所述“产品”或/和“制法”或/和“设备”的用途,至少包括如下所述的任一或多种的组合:
7-1.技术方案1中所述“主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品”,其用途至少可被部分或全部地替代传统再生纸浆被用作抄纸,或是被用于包括鸡蛋托、育秧杯/盘在内的纸模塑制品,或被做进一步深加工制漂白纸浆的原料,或是被用作制备纤维素醚的原料;
7-2.技术方案1中所述“副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品”,其用途至少可被用作植物栽培中的土壤改良剂,或植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料;
7-3.技术方案1中所述“副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”,其用途至少可被用作热挤出木塑制品用木塑颗粒的待改性或/和精制的原料,或是直接用作热挤出木塑制品的一种新剂型原料,也可作为一种供热用的颗粒质燃料;
7-4.技术方案3至5所述“α”、“β”、“δ”的联产制法,其用途可被用作如技术方案1所述“包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物”或再和废塑料的绿色资源化利用;
7-5.技术方案6所述“‘制法’所用及的设备”,可以作为独立的商品;
7-6.技术方案1至6所述“产品”或/和“制法”或/和“设备”的用途,还可被施用对粮、棉、油之农业大田中秸秆废弃物的资源化利用。
图1为过3目至不过28目筛的粒径混合之废木细长状纤维束碎化物的黑白照片。
图2为亲水疏解纤维α-1之含75%水分的潮料样品的黑白照片。
图3为亲水疏解纤维α-1之另一品种的干团料样品的黑白照片。
图4为亲水疏解纤维α-2之干团料样品的黑白照片。
图5为亲水疏解纤维α-2之另一品种经抄纸、干燥后所折出的纸船样品的黑白照片。
图6为可被配方施用的有机土壤改良\植物营养剂,或被用作橡/塑助剂的β-1的黑白照片。
图7是废纸制再生纸浆所排弃杂废塑膜料的黑白照片。
图8是木塑复合再生质粗粒δ的一张黑白照片。
图9为一个干团料标样的黑白照片。
图10为图9所述“标样”,其来源于自然界的一棵柳树下之地面堆积的天牛幼虫或木蠹蛾幼虫蛀食柳树杆的粪便,这是所述“粪便”在柳树下的黑白照片,照片中箭头所指既是所述“粪便”。
图11为图9、10所述“标样”,在被采集入实验室中在还未作筛选等处理时模样的黑白照片,其真实颜色为棕色。
图12是图9标样与图4样品做对搓比较俩者所掉屑料的黑白照片。
图13是制备亲水疏解纤维α之制法的十个步骤之方框示意图。
图14为制备α、β、δ所用及的工艺设备流程生产线之方框示意图,也就是“加工子路径的串/并联集成清洁生产之工艺及组合设备或装置阵”的示意图;图14中的符号说明如下:
在A区的Ⅰ至Ⅹ为实施实施例3所述对α制法所用的组合机械,其中包括:
Ⅰ——实施实施例3所述“步骤一”的“预处理备料”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:1—机械筛,2—磁选机,3—风选机,4—色选机,5—膨化处理机械;
Ⅱ——实施实施例3所述“步骤二”的“第一次配料”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:6—放置“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”的配料仓,7—盛载挤出水之液槽,8—存放表面活性剂或和水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂的料仓,9—称重计量衡器,10—对“第一次配料”后的混合搅拌器;
Ⅲ——实施实施例3所述“步骤三”的“加热溶出”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:11—搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐;
Ⅳ——实施实施例3所述“步骤四”的“第一次固液分离”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:12—输送机械、13—螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,14—固液分离机,15—存放“压/挤出棕/黑液”的储槽;
Ⅴ——实施实施例3所述“步骤五”的“第二次配料”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:16—“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”的存料仓,17—挤出水之液槽,18—存放“晶须助剂”的料仓,19—称重计量衡器,20—混合搅拌器;
Ⅵ——实施实施例3所述“步骤六”的“碾磨消潜”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:21—高浓磨浆机,22—储料仓,23—输送机构或输送机械;24—带保温或和加热功能的消潜罐,25—输送机构或输送机械;
Ⅶ——实施实施例3所述“步骤七”的“第二次固液分离”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:26—输送机械、27—螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,28—固液分离机;
Ⅷ——实施实施例3所述“步骤八”的“第三次配料”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:29—储料仓,30—计量存放新水和循环净化水的储槽,31—存放表面活性剂或和晶须助剂的料仓,32—称量衡器,33—搅拌混合槽;
Ⅸ——实施实施例3所述“步骤九”的“搅拌洗涤”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:34—输送机构或输送机械、35—螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,36—物料暂储槽;
Ⅹ——实施实施例3所述“步骤十”的“第三次固液分离或和最后修饰”用子组合机械,其中又至少包括:37—输送机构或输送机械、38—固液分离机,39—存放掩蔽铁/锰离子助剂的料槽、40—存放防霉助剂的料槽。
在B区的Ⅺ至ⅩⅢ为实施实施例4所述对β制法所用的子组合机械,其中包括:
Ⅺ——执行实施例4所述β-1制法的子组合机械,其中又至少包括:41—液体储存槽,42—加热液体蒸发器,43—液体灌装机械;
Ⅻ——实施实施例4所述β-2制法的子组合机械,其中又至少包括:44—装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱,45—管路,46—对脱色吸附渣泥作处理包装机械;47—储存脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽;
ⅩⅢ——执行实施例4所述β-3制法的子组合机械,其中又至少包括:48—净化水用的沉淀脱色处理池,41—液体储存槽,49—管路,50—管路,51—对脱色沉淀渣泥,作压滤和随后装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋之渣泥处理包装的机械;
在C区的ⅩⅣ至ⅩⅦ为执行实施例5所述δ之制法所用及的子组合机械,具体包括:
ⅩⅣ——执行备料子组合装置,其中又包括:52—机械筛,53—破碎机械、54—风选机械;
ⅩⅤ——执行配料子组合装置,其中又包括:55—称重衡器、56—分别存放所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂的储料仓,和57—计量配料后的混合槽;
ⅩⅥ——执行造粒子组合装置,其中又包括:58—输送机械、59—粗粒造粒机;
ⅩⅦ——执行均化混粒、称重包装的子组合装置,其中又包括:60—均化混粒机、61—称重包装机械。
图13、图14中的α-1——被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品,和α-2——被控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品;图14中的β-1——由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-2——由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-3由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品。
下面将结合本发明实施例及其附图,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,实施例所描述的仅仅是本发明技术方案中的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1.以废木碎化物为原料经清洁化工艺所获产品集合,其特征在于:用废木碎化物,或再和废塑料为原料,经加工子路径的串/并联集成清洁生产之工艺及组合设备或装置阵,最后制得清洁化产品集合,所述“产品集合”的具体构成由如下所述的主产品α,再与副产品β、δ的任一或两者的组合所构成:
主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,以前述“废木碎化物”之中的一部分为原料:废木经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合碎化,再过筛所获的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物,或/和选用厚度不超过1mm的机刨刨花;制备过程中会排出棕/黑液,所述“棕/黑液”的重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围;且“棕/黑液”中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与其所含水的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,其pH值皆不超出5.0~9.4范围;使用的助剂中,所含苛性碱、氨、铵盐、过氧化物、生物酶的任一或多种的总含量为0;或和制备中使用水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,对纤维表面实施低灰分的晶须接枝/包覆,所述“晶须助剂”,对主产品α中绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;所述主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,其入水或再经搅拌后能不浮水面;
所述α,其中又可被细分有α-1——被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的亲水疏
解纤维产品,和α-2——被控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品;
副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品,以前述“棕/黑液”为原料所制获;
所述β,其中又可被细分有β-1——由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-2——由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-3由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品,至少以前述“废木碎化物”之中的另一部分:“过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物”与“废塑料”为原料,或和再与与前述“棕/黑液”存在传质联系,使用生物质燃料颗粒机制粒;
所述产品集合中的“α”,其更多特征是如下例1-1;“β”,其更多特征是如下例1-2;“δ”,其更多特征是如下例1-3所述:
例1-1.所述的“α”,其特征至少包括如下A至F,或再与G的组合:
A.所用原料:包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木的碎化物为原料之中的一部分:过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物;
B.副产物料:副产物料1:在制所述的“α”时,会在热水脱木素/树脂工序经压/挤排出棕/黑液;所述的“棕/黑液”,其重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围;所述“棕/黑液”中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与其升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,或/和所含的可溶性无机钠盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度≤0.20%(wt%),或水中所含的可溶性无机盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度与生产实施地所取水源中的总浓度之差≤0.01%(wt%),“棕/黑液”之pH值皆不超出5.0~9.4范围;在室温下鼻闻,至多仅有轻淡非刺激性木香味;
或和副产物料2:使用活性炭和酸性白土,对前述“棕/黑液”制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥;或对前述“棕/黑液”,滴加硫酸酸化至pH值不超出7.0条件下,使用活性炭或活性炭和酸性白土制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥;
或和副产物料3:使用化学/生化法,对前述“棕/黑液”制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥;
C.残留色度:产品α入清水,以产品绝干料与清水按重量比=1:6所加热至70℃泡化5至10分钟后所挤获未蒸发失重清液料,以比色管直观或比色仪检测色度不浓于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水稀释16倍的色度,或仪器检测其COD或BOD值不高于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水体积稀释16倍的COD或BOD值,或用容量滴定法测其高锰酸钾退色消耗量值不高于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水体积稀释16倍的高锰酸钾退色消耗量值;
D.产品剂型:产品α的剂型可为含水不多于75%呈松散肉松状潮料、含水不多于20%的肉松状干料、含水不多于20%的纸状干料、含水不多于20%的呈压实砖状干料、含水不多于20%的呈压实颗粒状干料的任一种;
E.物性特征:被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的α-1,或α-1与控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的α-2之可被方便任意掺配的两组料;在与标样团料——天牛幼虫或木蠹蛾幼虫蛀食柳树杆的粪便所制标样,做团料对团料的对掐测试中,α-1或α-2的硬度≤标样的硬度;或和在与标样团料,做团料对团料的对搓至少10次测试中,以裸眼看或用天平秤重比较,α-1或α-2的散落屑量不多于标样散落屑量的5倍;
F.产程特征:生产过程里,所涉水中,所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与“水”的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L;和采用不低于70℃的水至少2次浸渍纤维物料,以脱除纤维中的木素/树脂;所述的“水”流中之逐级渐浓的棕/黑液流向与纤维物料在生产过程中的流
向呈逆流;或和添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,其添加量对主产品α或其中间产物里绝干纤维100重量份,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份,对纤维表面实施低灰分的晶须接枝/包覆;
G.较佳参数:或B项所述的“其排出的重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=100~120~150/100范围;或和F项所述的“添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,其添加量对主产品α或其中间产物里绝干纤维100重量份”“为≤1~3~5重量份”,“既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份”;所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶等的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁等的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合;
例1-2.所述的“β”,其至少由例1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”、“副产物料2”、“副产物料3”的任一为原料,包括仅经包装,或再经脱水提浓或干燥处理后再作包装所获的“中间产物或产品β”,其品种、剂型特征分别为H、I:
H.品种范围:由所述“副产物料1”——在热水脱木素/树脂工序经压/挤排出棕/黑液,直接使用或被经脱水浓缩后再可被配方施用的有机液体土壤改良\植物营养剂,或作橡/塑制品的软化剂β-1,既由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
由所述“副产物料2”——使用吸附剂对前述“棕/黑液”制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥,直接使用或被经脱水干燥后再可被配方施用的有机-无机混合的胶体或固体土壤改良\植物营养剂,或作橡/塑制品的填充料的β-2,既由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
由所述“副产物料3”——使用化学或生化法对前述“棕/黑液”制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥,直接使用或被经脱水干燥后再可被配方施用的有机-无机的胶体或固体土壤改良\植物营养剂β-3,既由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;
I.剂型包括:可为呈液体状、胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种;
例1-3.所述“δ”,其中“木”之特征为如下J至K的组合,其中“塑”之特征为如下L或L与M的组合,所述“δ”的组成特征为如下N和O,所述“δ”的剂型为P,所述“δ”的材料质地强度为Q,所述“δ”所用及的粗粒造粒机为R;
J.木之来源:其中的“木”为来源于至少是包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木的碎化物之中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物;
K.产品含木:由如上J项所述的“一部分”,为所述“木”在空气中自然干燥后含15%平衡水量之干基重,在产品δ总重量中占5%至78%(wt%)之范围里的任一种或多种的组合;
L.塑之来源:其中的“塑”之原料,皆选材于废塑料;
M.废塑品种:如L所述“废塑料”,至少包括如后所述的任一或多种的组合:废纸再生所弃的杂废塑膜渣,包括所述“杂废塑膜渣”经水浮选所获浮水含塑物,或/和沉水含塑物;商品的塑膜质废包装袋、塑膜包装袋生产中的切/冲边料、废复合塑膜材、商标标贴生产/使用中所弃的塑膜复合离型纸/膜、废铝塑复合膜、废农用塑膜;由废旧轮胎经破碎
分离出的含杂聚合物纤维,从汽车中拆除出的废化纤绒布,废化纤地毯、废化纤织物、废化纤熔喷布、废化纤过滤纸;废电线塑料皮、废塑料包装带、废塑料编织袋、废土工布、废/旧塑料鞋、废塑料铺地制品、废塑料玩具、废塑料桶、废塑料瓶、废塑料土工布、废/旧塑料草坪、废杂塑料建材、废塑料管、废塑料板、废塑料文具、废塑料箱/包、废塑料杂件;废PVC人造革、废PU人造革;废泡沫塑料;
N.产品组成:所述“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”的组成,至少可被设置呈甲、乙、丙、丁之第一组,或/和戊、己、更、辛之第二组,或/和壬、癸之第三组,即可在第一至第三组中的甲至癸中任取一或多种以任意比的作搀兑联用,就能方便地使木塑复合再生质粗粒的下游之塑料粒子或制品中的“木”或携“杂质”的“木”总重量投料占比为5%至78%范围,前述“携‘杂质’的‘木’”中的两者重量之比为W杂质/W木=0~10/100,所述的“木”,为含水量不高于15%的绝干料,所述的“杂质”为如前例1-1中B中所述“副产物料1”至“副产物料3”中的任一或多种的组合;“塑”和软化剂的总重量投料占比为22%至95%范围,前述“‘塑’和软化剂”中的两者重量之比为W塑/W软化剂=100/0~100:
第一组:
甲中包括“木”总重量投料占比为76%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为24%;
乙中包括“木”总重量投料占比为35%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为65%;
丙中包括“木”总重量投料占比为25%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为75%;
丁中包括“木”总重量投料占比为5,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为95%;
第二组:
戊中包括“木”总重量投料占比为77%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为23%;
己中包括“木”总重量投料占比为38%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为62%;
更中包括“木”总重量投料占比为23%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为77%;
辛中包括“木”总重量投料占比为10,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为90%;
第三组:
壬中包括“木”总重量投料占比为78%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为22%;
癸中包括“木”总重量投料占比为15%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为85%;
O.随市变化:或在M项所述的“在第一至第三组中的甲至癸中任取一或多种搀兑联用,控制了在木塑复合再生质粗粒的下游塑料粒子或制品中的“木”或携“杂质”的“木”总重量投料占比为总重量投料占比为5%至78%范围,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为22%至95%范围”内,N项所述的“第一组”、“第二组”、“第三组”中的甲至癸的各投料组合中的“木”总重量投料占比,与“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比,皆可按市场客户的定制来定;
P.剂型特征:所述的“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”剂型为:其组成的物料按N项前述的“第一组”或/和“第二组”或/和“第三组”中的甲至癸各分组合配料投料,经粗粒造粒机处理后,所得固态的外观呈柱粒状、不规则的碎粒状、小豆/圆团粒状的任一种;
Q.质地强度:如P项所述“剂型”的质地强度呈:可被人手指/掌直接拉/扳/捏/撕/抓得碎的低强度,所述“低强度”,至少是:抗拉强度≤3PMa的塑料之标样试片;
R.粗粒造粒:如P项所述“粗粒造粒机”,具体是指具有连续式进/出料功能的饲料颗粒机、有机肥造粒机、生物质燃料颗粒机的任一种,或是用滚筒法处理粉料掺混液体制粒的造粒机。
实施例2.实施例1所述“废木或混杂废木”与“含木成份的废弃物”,至少包括:建筑施工过程中用废的方木、木模板、木跳板、脚手架竹跳板的任一或多种的混合,或/和
在拆旧房时所获的杂废碎木料;所述的“方木”,还包括由层压木质的混凝土浇筑施工用废后的木模板为原料,将其裁条再制和又被用废的复合方木;所述的“木模板”,还包括层压木质、纤维板质、秸秆/木颗粒质、木/竹塑复合质的任一种之被废弃板材。
实施例3.实施例1所述产品集合中的“α”之制法,详见图13——制备亲水疏解纤维α之制法的十个步骤之方框示意图,图中虚线是所涉水溶液走向,其特征包括如下步骤一至十:
步骤一——预处理备料:对废木或混杂废木先做归类分拣,或再对已归类分拣料中所含的金属或/和漆层或/和水泥块或/和沙石块或/和树皮杂质作进一步的脱杂处理,然后再对已归类、分拣、脱杂的废木或混杂废木料,实施锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化处理;
筛取废木或混杂废木碎化物料中的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的废木细长状纤维束碎化物;排出另作利用的过28目筛的废木碎化物;
或对筛取的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物中仍存有金属、带漆锯屑、塑料锯屑、水泥粒、沙石粒、树皮的任一或多种组合杂质的,则再须对其施用磁选或/和风选或/和色选之机械处理,予以脱杂净化;
或对已获脱杂净化的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物,再施机械膨化处理;
由此获得备做步骤二处理的备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物,此“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”料以其在空气中自然吸附的平衡水量15%(wt)计的,被称之为自然绝干料;
步骤二——第一次配料:取经步骤一所获的“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”料之自然绝干料100重量份,拌入后续步骤七所述“第二次固液分离”所获的挤出水,所述“拌入”“挤出水”,在测知后续步骤四所述“第一次固液分离”所获固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份,则“拌入”的“挤出水”为不少于:2x重量份;或再拌入前述“挤出水”“2x重量份”的0.1~0.3%重量份之表面活性剂:丁基萘磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠的任一种或多种的组合,或/和椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的任一或多种的组合;所述的“2x”对应废木细长状纤维束碎化物之自然绝干料100重量份:在25~50~300重量份范围;
步骤三——加热溶出:将前述“‘备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物’料之自然绝干料100重量份”、“后续步骤七所述‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”:“2x重量份”,或和“‘挤出水’‘2x重量份’的0.1~0.3%重量份之‘表面活性剂’”,将这些物料置于一可被搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐中,对物料实施均匀搅拌和加热至70℃以上,并保温滞留至少5分钟,或被取样分析,当不见有挤出液的颜色更变深色时,即可停止此加热、保温操作;
步骤四——第一次固液分离:将上述“加热、保温操作”后的物料,导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;或直接将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如实施例1所述的“压/挤出棕/黑液”,和初脱除纤维中水溶质的待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料;
本“第一次固液分离”,所获的“压/挤出棕/黑液”,其排出的重量份W压/挤出棕/黑液,与亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲之自然绝干料重量份W亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的比例,可使用常规的固液分离机械,被控制在W压/挤出棕/黑液/W亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲=25~100~300/100范围,既本“第一次固液分离”,所获潮料中“亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲”之自然绝干料重量百分含量,能被控制在80%~50%~25%范围;
步骤五——第二次配料:在测知步骤四所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份后,取“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”所含之自然绝干料100重量份和所携的游离水x重量份,再拌入后续步骤十所述“第三次固液分离”所获的挤出水不少于:x重量份;或和再按实施例1中1-1例里E项所述“α-1”与“α-2”的差异性要求,有差别地再配加晶须助剂,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶等的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁等的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合;所述的“晶须助剂”,其对“亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”之绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既添加量≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;将本步骤五所述的第二次配料,先在搅拌槽中混匀,即成待入高浓磨处理的物料;
步骤六——碾磨消潜:将步骤五所得的“待入高浓磨处理的物料”,导入高浓磨处理;或再将出高浓磨的发热物料,乘热导入带保温设置的消潜罐中保温或和加热,以不低于70℃之温静置,以松弛经高浓磨处理过程中产生的对纤维的扭结、卷曲,和对纤维中的憎水性脂类的溶出;这里如前所述“或再将出高浓磨的发热物料,乘热导入带保温设置的消潜罐中保温或和加热,……溶出;”可被省略;由此步骤六处理后,获得又待固液分离之碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料;
步骤七——第二次固液分离:将上述“碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料”导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;或省去机械柔化,就将上述“碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料”直接导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如前“步骤二”中所述的“‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和尚待最后再作新水洗涤之待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料;
步骤八——第三次配料:在测知步骤七所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份后,取“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”所含之自然绝干料100重量份和所携的游离水x重量份,再拌入新水或和脱色杂的再生水不少于:x重量份;或和再配加晶须助剂,所述“晶须助剂”至少是包括氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶等的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、硫酸钙等的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石等的任一或多种的组合;所述的“晶须助剂”,其对“亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”中的绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既添加量≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;由此步骤八的计量加水和晶须助剂,获待送步骤九处理的第三次配料;由此步骤八的计量加水和晶须助剂,获待送步骤九处理的第三次配料;
步骤九——搅拌洗涤:将上述步骤八的“第三次配料”导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;或将上述“第三次配料”直接导入搅拌机作搅拌,使新水、晶须助剂与亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料固相纤维中本来所含的旧水物料,实现充分的混合,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;由此步骤九的处理,获得待送步骤十处理的待最后挤干的物料;
步骤十——第三次固液分离或和最后修饰:将上述步骤九的“待最后挤干的物料”导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如前“步骤五”中所述的“‘第三次固液分离’所
获的挤出水”,和最后产品——包括α-1或/和α-2之亲水疏解纤维α产品;或和再作最后修饰,既其一是:再对最后产品添加掩蔽铁/锰离子的助剂:草酸、草酸钠、草酸钾、草酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸钠、四乙酰乙二胺、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠、酒石酸、酒石酸钠、葡萄糖酸、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸、二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸、二乙烯三胺五乙酸五钠、次氨基三乙酸钠的任一或以上种的组合物料,所述组合物料,其可被配成掩蔽助剂水溶液:组合物料的总摩尔加入量在0.1~1.2mol/L范围,添加掩蔽助剂水溶液的量可控制在绝干亲水疏解纤维α100重量份,加掩蔽助剂水溶液1至2重量份;其二是:或和再对最后产品添加纸浆用的常规量、普通防霉抗菌助剂,具体用量与品种,可参见市场各商家的产品说明书。
由联系附图13的如上所述,从图13中的虚线所示水溶液的流向是由附图13的下方,向上走,与纤维的走向是由附图13的上方向下走,水流中棕/黑液流向与纤维走向是呈相反,若再控制好如上所述方式的加水量和3次的固液分离的脱水量,则可使亲水疏解纤维α产品,在其热水脱木素/树脂工序经压/挤排出棕/黑液之最后的所获重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围。
这里要指出的是:如是在实验室中做小样,即使是用手捏挤来实施固液分离,则W棕/黑液/Wα=300/100也是可以实现的,而用机械则更无忧实现W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100的范围指标;整个过程中纤维与水的混合物是被至少加热了2次,这就如生活中的病人所吃的中药被水煎2次后,再煎第3次总是煎不出有色药液成分一样的道理,可无忧本发明所述亲水疏解纤维在下游用户作造纸操作过程中再做高浓磨浆,会因所生成摩擦的高温而使水体被着色的。
这里还可指出的是,如上制法中提到:“将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理”,和“入高浓磨处理”;而这种“对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理”和“入高浓磨处理”,其对纤维的断化功能要远弱于粉碎食品的仅带一个十字旋刀的家用食品粉碎机,而对纤维的柔化、散化功能则都远优于家用粉碎机。在明白了这一类比关系,则就能从图1至图5,看出本发明所述亲水疏解纤维α的实用价值了:
图1为过3目至不过28目筛的粒径混合的废木之细长状纤维束碎化物的黑白照片,其是用建筑业所弃层压木废模板经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化处理,又经筛分后所获,此“过3目至不过28目筛的粒径混合之废木的细长状纤维束碎化物”,一般可占到总此类“废木碎化物”的35%;
图2为亲水疏解纤维α-1之含75%水分的潮料样品的黑白照片,其打浆度<16°SR,其是用图1所示物料,在实验室条件下所制获的,其实物颜色为元书纸般的淡黄白色,料中存在少许黑漆皮质杂质,但这不会影响其被作为瓦楞纸等不强调纸面尘埃点的下游纸产品的用途;图2样品的干/潮料,投其入水不会浮于水面;
图3为亲水疏解纤维α-1之另一品种的干团料样品的黑白照片,其与图2的差别在于:其一是,在制备过程中使用了晶须助剂,具体是在如实施例3中的步骤八中所述的“再拌入新水或和脱色杂的再生水不少于:x重量份”,其中的“x重量份”被配成了饱和氢氧化钙清水,由此可从氢氧化钙在水中溶解度的常数,经简单计算既可知晶须助剂占亲水疏解纤维中的绝干纤维100重量份,为≤1重量份,这其中已考虑了氢氧化钙在空气中吸收了二氧化碳转化成了碳酸钙之增重因素;其二为,图3是用如类似图2所示α-1样品之潮料,在一次性塑料杯中手按紧塑形,倒出,在室温下自然干燥后所获;图3样品,其入水也不浮水面;
图4为亲水疏解纤维α-2之干团料样品的黑白照片,其打浆度≥16°SR,其为用园林修枝所弃料经机锯、过筛,和在实验室中经水煮、手捏脱水等处理,再将α-2手捏脱水
之潮料,入一次性塑料杯中手按紧塑形,倒出,在室温下自然干燥后所获;从废木锯屑碎化物经过筛所得细长纤维束的得率可达65%;其所加晶须助剂是用过320目筛的硅灰石粉与水先配成不浓于20%百分重量的悬浊液,再加入等当量的硫酸,反应生成水合硅酸与二水合硫酸钙的复/组合物新生沉淀,待反应液的pH值变至5至8范围,反应终止,再将反应终止物料加水,将其稀释成100g水中含固量不超1.65g的悬浊液备用,再在如前述步骤八加入,此助剂晶须占α-2中绝干纤维100重量份,为≤5重量份;图4样品,其入水不浮水面;
图5为亲水疏解纤维α-2之另一品种经抄纸、干燥后所折出的纸船样品的黑白照片,其为用类似于图4之“亲水疏解纤维α-2”的另一种“潮料样品”,和使用与[0217]段落所述相同的晶须材质,但“此助剂晶须占α-2中绝干纤维100重量份,为≤9重量份”,用此种“潮料样品”经进一步的用食品粉碎机作碎化处理,再成抄纸片,在空气中干燥,再折成如图5的一纸船,其色稍比图4“淡黄白色”的要显黑灰色些;
请注意:图5所示的“纸船”实样,其中的亲水疏解纤维虽会被折断但不会散,这说明本发明的包覆晶须的技术方案是有效的;“纸船”实样,其制备过程中对“亲水疏解纤维α-2”“潮料样品”的碎化处理所用的制样工具是家用食品粉碎机,故“亲水疏解纤维α-2”样品中的纤维在被柔化、散化的同时,也大量地被断化,由此造成小“纸船”在折制过程中因纤维短而不耐撕——有多处的裂口;但保守地讲,即使是按这样的有意被劣质化制备的质量来讲,用此种“亲水疏解纤维α-2”样品来部分或全部地替代废纸再生纸浆,来作为纸业的一种新原料,也是具有应用市场的。再有,本法晶须助剂中即使是使用氢氧化钙,但因量微,故能露空气而碳化而无需导加CO2。
实施例4.实施例1所述产品集合中的“β”之制法,具体涉及β-1、β-2、β-3品种,其特征至少如下:
例4-1.将实施例1里例1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”,既在热水脱木素/树脂工序排出的“棕/黑液”为原料,直接用盛器灌装,或被经蒸发器加热脱水浓缩后再用盛器灌装,既可获得呈液体的有机土壤改良剂或称植物营养剂产品的β-1;
参见:附图6为可被配方施用的有机土壤改良\植物营养剂,或被用作橡/塑助剂的β-1的黑白照片,其是用在制亲水疏解纤维α中的热水脱木素/树脂工序排出的棕/黑液,经在实验室中直接用烧杯在电炉上蒸发、脱水浓缩至干后所得。
例4-2.将实施例1里例1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”,导入装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱,对前述“副产物料1”既“棕/黑液”,作对“棕/黑液”的脱色净化,导出脱色后的水,做补充实施例3中步骤八的“新水”,对吸饱色杂的“活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂”既“副产物料2”,除可作脱附再生外,也可将此吸饱色杂的“副产物料2”为原料,作直接装袋,或被经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋;即可相应地制获呈胶泥状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料产品的β-2;
例4-3.将实施例1里例1-1中B项所述“副产物料1”,使用化学/生化法对前述“棕/黑液”实施沉淀脱色的净化操作,导出脱色后的水,做补充实施例3中步骤八的“新水”;对制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥——“副产物料3”,可直接以“副产物料3”为原料,经压滤后可直接装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋;既可相应地制获呈胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂β-3
实施例5.实施例1所述产品集合中的“δ”之制法,其特征如下:
例5-1.备料:对实施例1中例1-3里J项所述“废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份
的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物之中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物”,做“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”中的“木”备料;
对购入或/和免费收集来的废塑料原料,对其呈压缩打包态或/和其中杂有大块金属、砖块类固体的原料,则须先经破碎、风选,以开松物料和脱除其中的金属、砖块类硬质固体;将脱除了杂质的蓬松废塑料作为“木塑复合再生质粗粒”中的“塑”备料;
例5-2.配料:按实施例1中例1-3里M或N所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”的组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂在产品总重量中的投料占比,秤重配料;
例5-3.造粒:将秤配好的料,经混合集料仓,再由机械输送,投于实施例1中例1-3里之Q所述“粗粒造粒机”中成粒;所述“粗粒造粒机”所使用的机械是:具有连续式进/出料功能的饲料颗粒机、有机肥造粒机、生物质燃料颗粒机的任一种,或再在前述“颗粒机”/“造粒机”之后再串联螺旋切粒中碎机;前述的“颗粒机”/“造粒机”,出机物料呈过孔模所形成的段条粒状,如将前述“段条粒状”“物料”再经串联的螺旋切粒中碎机处理,则再出机物料就呈不规则颗粒;成粒时的物料被机械挤压/摩擦所发热升温,可用向物料或/和机械中的夹层中加水方式,来操控其出机物料不超过110℃;此操作所造成的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”,其质地呈可被人手指/掌直接拉/扳/捏/撕得碎的低强度;其成粒形状至少包括呈过孔模所形成的段条粒状或呈不规则颗粒;所述“孔模”的孔形,至少包括等边或不等边长的3至12边形的任一种,或圆形;所述“粒”的大小,在过25mm至不过2.0mm筛孔范围的任一孔径的分级或混合;
例5-4.均化混粒:若例5-3项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”在后续包装后有明显的包包不同质的质量瑕疵,则可在称重包装前加施混粒均化处理,所述的处理,既是用机械滚筒将例5-3项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”导入,滚翻混合匀即可;
例5-5.称重包装:将符合质量要求的例5-3或/和例5-4项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”经称重后导入市场客户认可规格的包装袋中;
例5-6.入库质检:将包装好的产品按序入库,并按市场客户所需知的指标项,给出各批次入库产品的质检报告作存档。
请参见附图7、图8:图7是废纸制再生纸浆所排弃杂废塑膜料的黑白照片,其中含有铝塑复合模等杂质,这是混杂废塑料中最难被绿色化可持续再利用的品种,我国就是因此种废塑料再生污染难题而禁绝了国外废纸的进口;
图8是木塑复合再生质粗粒δ的一张黑白照片,其是用图7所示“杂废塑膜料”与过28目筛的废木碎化物,或和实施例1中例1-2所述“β-1”或/和“β-2”或/和“β-3”相混合后,用现时普通制生物质颗粒的造粒机所制获。
实施例6.介绍一个对比用的标准样及用此标样与亲水疏解纤维α的诸多对比,请参见附图9至12:
图9为一个干团料标样的黑白照片,其是用兰花种植爱好者俗称杨柳粪——天牛幼虫或木蠹蛾幼虫蛀食柳树杆后所屙粪便,经实验室作筛除粗于3目与细于28目的杂质,再经水煮灭酶后,又用手捏脱水但仍含75%水分的潮料,在一次性塑料杯中手按紧塑形,倒出,在室温下自然干燥后所获,此种标样经与本发明的亲水疏解纤维α试样的干团料作对掐和对搓比较,可定性地判定出本发明的亲水疏解纤维α与标样的相对硬度和被检测样纤维相互间缠绕和扣合强度等物性,进而可看出本发明亲水疏解纤维的实用性,标样的颜色为棕色。
图10为图9所述“标样”,来源于自然界的一棵柳树下之地面堆积的黑白照片,照片中柳树树干根部草叶上呈白色的就是“杨柳粪”,其真实颜色为棕色。
图11为图9、10所述“标样”,在被采集入实验室中在还未作筛选等处理时模样的黑白照片,其真实颜色为棕色。
如上图9至11所述的标样——俗称的杨柳粪,是一种典型的已被食木虫消化道内的能分解木中纤维素/树脂养分的酶,所消化降解过的纤维;业内的技术人员都知道:木纤维可用酶法制出纸浆;如图9所示的干团料标样,仅需使用如古代造纸所用的木棒锤,经敲打此标样样品的潮料,制出的纸浆,就能抄造出如市场上常见的普通牛皮纸。
因本发明人在现时暂缺对产品抄纸试片作诸多质检的条件下,能使用如图9就所示标样,以物比物的方式,对本发明所述的亲水疏解纤维α,给出与标样比较的如下定性结论:
如图3所示的亲水疏解纤维α-1的干团料的表面硬度比标样低,其与标样对搓10次后,比较两样对搓受损的缺失量,可看出:与标样相当,或至不多于标样落屑的5倍;
如图4所示的亲水疏解纤维α-2的干团料的表面硬度比标样低,其与标样对搓10次后,比较两样对搓受损的缺失量,可看出:与标样相当,或至不多于标样落屑的5倍。
所述的“比较”,可以是用裸眼观察如图12——为图9标样与图4样品做对搓比较俩者所掉屑料的黑白照片,从图12可看出显棕色且长粗的纤维是来自图9标样,图中灰白色短细的纤维是来自图4样品,对搓时俩接触面都应选各较为光滑、紧实的部位;更佳的比较,可以使用天平以减量法测知做对搓比较俩者的各自失重。当然对图9的标样可制得其纤维要与被检测样的粗细长短、团聚的紧实性都更接近者,则比较结果也会更精准些。
再有,经本发明人在制备标样的过程中观察发现,即使是用“杨柳粪”做酶种,制出能分解木纤维中木质素/树脂的酶,再用此种酶制剂来处理本发明所提的“废木碎化料”,其在所涉生产用水中也能做到与本发明一样的水中不含无机溶盐的效果,但在减少如实施例1中例1-1里B项所述的“棕/黑液”,其重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα”之减少上,并不会有优于本发明的特征;而其在对物料的接种酶后的工艺操作要明显烦于本发明,和其对纤维的柔化、碾磨操作也不能明显地减少。
使用本实施例6的干团料标样作质检,如要提高标准,则可将标样的纤维作细散化处理,以使标样的强度上升;如要放低标准,则可在被检测样与标样对搓10次后,掉落的屑料与“不多于标样落屑的”“倍”数作出提高即可。为辨别被检测样与标样相搓所掉落的屑料的色泽差异,还可对标样使用蓝墨水等色液作染色处理。标样与被检测样的团料之形状也可突破图3、4、9的束缚,但干团料作对掐和对搓比较,则以相同或相近的表面碰触较为公平合理。
实施例7.实施例3至5所述“α”、“β”、“δ”之“制法”所用及的设备,详见图14,其为制备α、β、δ所用及的设备生产线的方框示意图,既实施例1所述产品所经的“加工子路径的串/并联集成清洁生产之工艺及组合设备或装置阵”的示意图;其特征可联系图14,细述于如下例7-1至例7-3,或和例7-4所述:
例7-1.执行实施例3所述“α”之“步骤一”至“步骤十”“制法”,涉及设置子组合机械Ⅰ至Ⅹ,详见图14中的A区:
对执行实施例3所述“步骤一”的“预处理备料”用子组合机械Ⅰ,其中又至少包括:设置机械筛1,以筛取废木或混杂碎化物料中的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物;或在机械筛1之后再设置磁选机2或/和风选机3或/和色选机4,以实施对筛取的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物中或仍存有金属、带漆锯屑、塑料锯屑、水泥粒、沙石粒、树皮的任一或多种组合杂质的,可对其施用磁选或/和
风选或/和色选之机械处理,予以脱杂净化;
或再设置膨化处理机械5,由此1、2、3、4、5的机械设置,可实现对已获脱杂净化的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物,再施机械膨化处理;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤二”的“第一次配料”用子组合机械Ⅱ,其中又至少包括:设置放置“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”的配料仓6,盛载后续步骤七所述“第二次固液分离”所获的挤出水之液槽7,或和设置存放表面活性剂或和晶须助剂的料仓8,设置称重计量衡器9,设置对“第一次配料”后的混合搅拌器10;由此6、7、8、9、10的机械设置,实现对实施例3中步骤二的“第一次配料”之实现;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤三”的“加热溶出”用子组合机械Ⅲ,其中又至少包括:设置设置搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐11;以此11的机械设置,实现对技术方案3中步骤三所述“‘备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物’料之自然绝干料:100重量份”、“后续步骤七所述‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”:“2x重量份”,或和“‘挤出水’‘2x重量份’的0.1~0.3%重量份之‘表面活性剂’”,将这些物料置于一可被搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐11中,对物料实施均匀搅拌和加热至70℃以上,并保温滞留的操作;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤四”的“第一次固液分离”用子组合机械Ⅳ,其中又至少包括:设置输送机械12、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机13,固液分离机14,存放“第一次固液分离”所获的“压/挤出棕/黑液”的储槽15;由此12、13、14、15的机械设置,实现将技术方案3中步骤四所述将“加热、保温操作后的物料导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离”,“或直接将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离”;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤五”的“第二次配料”用子组合机械Ⅴ,其中又至少包括:设置放置“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”的存料仓16,盛载后续步骤十所述“第三次固液分离”所获的挤出水之液槽17,或和设置存放“晶须助剂”的料仓18,设置称重计量衡器19,设置对“第二次配料”后的混合搅拌器20;由此16、17、18、19、20的机械设置实现对实施例3中“步骤五”的机械化操作;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤六”的“碾磨消潜”用子组合机械Ⅵ,其中又至少包括:设置高浓磨浆机21,在高浓磨浆机21的进料口之前设置待处理物料的储料仓22,在储料仓22与高浓磨浆机21之间,设置输送机构或输送机械23;在高浓磨浆机21的出料口之后,设置带保温或和加热功能的消潜罐24,在高浓磨浆机21的出料口与消潜罐24的进料口之间,设置输送机构或输送机械25;由此21、22、23、24、25的机械设置实现对实施例3中“步骤六”的机械化操作;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤七”的“第二次固液分离”用子组合机械Ⅶ,其中又至少包括:设置输送机械26、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机27,固液分离机28,存放实施例3中步骤七所述“‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”之储槽19;由此26、27、28的机械设置实现对实施例3中“步骤七”的机械化操作;
对执行实施例3所述对“步骤八”的“第三次配料”用子组合机械Ⅷ,其中又至少包括:设置存放实施例3中步骤七所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”之储料仓29,计量存放新水和循环净化水的储槽30,存放晶须助剂的料仓31,称量衡器32,搅拌混合槽33;由此29、30、31、32、33的机械设置实现对实施例3中“步骤八”的机械化操作;
对执行实施例3所述对“步骤九”的“搅拌洗涤”用子组合机械Ⅸ,其中又至少包括:在前述的“搅拌混合槽33”后设置输送机构或输送机械34、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机35,物料暂储槽36;由此34、35、36的机械设置,实现实施例3中步骤九所述工艺目的:将“‘第
三次配料’导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;或将上述‘第三次配料’直接导入搅拌机作搅拌,使新水与亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料固相纤维中本来所含的旧水,实现充分的混合,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽”;
对执行实施例3所述“步骤十”的“第三次固液分离或和最后修饰”用子组合机械Ⅹ,其中又至少包括:设置输送机构或输送机械37、固液分离机38,设置存放掩蔽铁/锰离子助剂的料槽39、存放防霉助剂的料槽40;由此37、38、39、40的机械设置,实现技术方案3中步骤十所述工艺目的:得到如实施例3中步骤五中所述的“‘第三次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和最后产品——包括α-1或/和α-2之亲水疏解纤维α产品;或和再做最后修饰,既减少产品的变色和被霉;
例7-2.执行实施例4所述“β”之“制法”所用及的设备,涉及设置子组合机械Ⅺ至ⅩⅢ,详见图14中的B区:
设置实施实施例4所述及“例4-1”制法的子组合机械Ⅺ,其中又至少包括:设置液体储存槽41,或再增设加热液体蒸发器42,和设置液体灌装机械43;由此41、42、43的机械设置,实现将技术方案1的1-1中B里所述“副产物料1”——棕/黑液,被直接用盛器灌装,或被经蒸发器加热脱水浓缩后再用盛器灌装,既可获得呈液体的有机土壤改良剂或称植物营养剂产品的β-1;
或和设置实施实施例4所述及“例4-2”制法的子组合机械Ⅻ,其中又至少包括:设置装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱44,和设置由前述“液体储存槽41”导液体料入“装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱44”的管路45;和设置对“脱色吸附渣泥”作“直接装袋,或被经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋”的渣泥处理包装机械-46;设置储存出44之脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽47;由此44、45、46、47的机械设置,实现实施例4中例4-2所述制法的机械操作,获得“呈胶泥状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料产品的β-2”;
或和设置实施实施例4所述及“例4-3”制法的子组合机械ⅩⅢ,其中又至少包括:设置净化水用的沉淀脱色处理池48,和在前述“液体储存槽41”与沉淀脱色处理池48之间设置导出“棕/黑液”入沉淀脱色处理池48的管路49,设置由沉淀脱色处理池48之“脱色杂”清水导入前述“脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽47”的管路50,设置“对制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥,经压滤后可直接装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋”之渣泥处理包装机械51;由此48、49、50、51的机械设置,实现技术方案4中4-3所述制法的机械操作,获得“呈胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂β-3”;
例7-3.执行实施例5所述“δ”之“制法”所用及的设备,涉及设置子组合机械ⅩⅣ至ⅩⅦ,详见图14中的C区,其中包括:
设置实施例5中例5-1的“备料”子组合装置ⅩⅣ,其中又包括:机械筛52,或再加破碎机械53、风选机械54;
设置实施例5中例5-2的“配料”子组合装置ⅩⅤ,其中又包括:称重衡器55、分别存放所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂的储料仓56,和计量配料后的混合槽57;
设置实施例5中例5-3的“造粒”子组合装置ⅩⅥ,其中又包括:输送机械58、粗粒造粒机59;
设置实施例5中例5-4至例5-5的“均化混粒”、“称重包装”子组合装置ⅩⅦ
其中又包括:均化混粒机60、称重包装机械61;
或和例7-4.可将附图14和如前所述1至61的各单元机械,规整设置入标准集装箱中,这不但整洁和便保洁,更有着能消噪音、便于收集粉尘,和方便集约化搬运等优点。
实施例8.实施例1至5和实施例7所述“产品”或/和“制法”的商业运作模式,至少包括如下所述的任一或多种的组合:
例8-1.可由一家企业独立地实施“产品”或/和“制法”的商业运营;
例8-2.可由多家企业分割“产品”品种,或/和分段“制法”过程来协同地实施商业运营;
例8-3.可用自营或外发代工的商业模式实施“产品”或/和“制法”的商业运营。
实施例9.实施例1至5和实施例7所述“产品”或/和“制法”或/和“设备”的用途,至少包括如下所述的任一或多种的组合:
例9-1.实施例1中所述“主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品”,其用途至少可被部分或全部地替代传统再生纸浆被用作抄纸,或是被用于包括鸡蛋托、育秧杯/盘在内的纸模塑制品,或被做进一步深加工制漂白纸浆的原料,或是被用作制备纤维素醚的原料;
例9-2.实施例1中所述“副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品”,其用途至少可被用作植物栽培中的土壤改良剂,或植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的软化剂或填充料;
例9-3.实施例1中所述“副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”,其用途至少可被用作热挤出木塑制品用木塑颗粒的待改性或/和精制的原料,或是直接用作热挤出木塑制品的一种新剂型原料,也可作为一种供热用的颗粒质燃料;
例9-4.实施例3至5所述“α”、“β”、“δ”的联产制法,其用途可被用作如实施例1所述“包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物”或再和废塑料的绿色资源化利用;
例9-5.实施例7所述“‘制法’所用及的设备”,可以作为独立的商品;
例9-6.实施例1至5和7所述“产品”或/和“制法”或/和“设备”的用途,还可被扩展地施用于对粮、棉、油之农业大田中秸秆废弃物的资源化利用,或是扩展地施用于蔗糖业所排弃的压榨甘蔗渣、棕榈油行业所排弃的棕榈果串的利用,或是对竹子的利用等。
本发明的积极意义在于:所提出的以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合及制法,其中的核心创新是由“α,再与β、δ的任一或两者的组合所构成”清洁产品集合,及其清洁化生产的制法所构成;其积极意义至少有三:
其一是,产品集合中所提α——亲水疏解纤维,其虽还不能完全地像现市木纸浆材料那样具有纤维较长、制法对原料的利用率高等优点,但用其至少可被部分或全部地替代传统再生纸浆被用作抄纸,或被做进一步深加工制漂白纸浆的原料,再考虑本产品原料使用废木在制备生物质燃料颗粒的中间态物料——废木碎化物,可从其中筛取“过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的废木细长状纤维束碎化物”,让其物尽其用而免除被过早用作燃料,这既缓解了纸业等领域对木纤维资源的需求,也提高了制燃料颗粒者的效益;所提β——以制α时所获副产物料为原料又制获的木塑/树脂混合物产品,其可被低本有效地用作农业、橡/塑等行业,其低本的特征在于所用及的“原料”与传统纸浆所排“黑液”的高碱性、高含盐和大排量所比较,具有中性或近中性,近乎不含盐和体积排量相对微少的优点;所提δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品,可利用生物质制粒行业自身机械易于低能耗高效率将蓬松物料制粒的优势,以一机多用的方式,在向木塑制品产业链提供低本适价木
塑新品原料的同时,又相对提高了原本仅做单打一的生物质燃料颗粒生产经营者的效益;
其二是,制备“α,再与β、δ的任一或两者的组合所构成”的清洁产品集合,不但无污染,还远比现时技术来得节能:对α的制备节能化,仅需定性地与高耗能的纸浆生产中必须的高温、高压蒸煮,与高排量黑碱液,和为治污与综合利用黑碱液所须的酸中和及高耗能蒸发提浓等处理比较,就可被确认;对β的制备节能化,仅需比较高耗能的纸浆生产中为综合利用黑碱液所须的酸中和及高耗能蒸发提浓等处理,就可被确认;对δ的制备节能化,仅需比较高耗能的木塑制品业中对蓬松性木屑粉与塑料混炼或和滤胶净化工序,就能确认;
其三是,本技术方案还至少可被扩展地施用于对粮、棉、油之农业大田中秸秆废弃物,或施用于压榨甘蔗渣、棕榈油行业所排弃的棕榈果串的利用,或是对竹子的利用等。
当然,本领域技术人员也会对本发明技术方案再给出许多的修饰和改进,但这些未有突破本发明技术方案大框架的等效变化及修饰,最后获得本发明技术方案所述“以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合及制法”的,皆应属于本发明的保护范畴。
加注:在本说明书等文件中所用选择性连词或符号的含义说明:
第1种,既“或”,使用句型通式:甲或乙,含义是:从二种——甲、乙中,任选一种。
第2种,既“或/和”,使用句型通式:甲或/和乙,含义皆是:从三种——甲、乙、甲和乙中,任选一种。
第3种,既“/”,其含义有三:其一是,表示两数量间的比例关系,如,A/B=3/5=3:5,既A比B;其二是“/”等同于“÷”;其三则是与前述第2种的含义相同。
第4种,既“或和”,使用句型通式:甲或和乙,含义是:从二种——甲、甲和乙中,任选一种;其也等同于“甲或再和乙”或“甲,或再和乙”。
第5种,既“或再”,这等同于“或和”、“或和再”、“或再和”的任一种表述。
Claims (10)
- 以废木碎化物为原料的清洁产品集合,其特征在于:用废木碎化物,或再和废塑料为原料,经加工子路径的串/并联集成清洁生产之工艺及组合设备或装置阵,最后制得清洁化产品集合,所述“产品集合”的具体构成由如下所述的主产品α,再与副产品β、δ的任一或两者的组合所构成:主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,至少以前述“废木碎化物”之中的一部分为原料:废木经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合碎化,再过筛所获的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物,或/和选用厚度不超过1mm的机刨刨花;制备过程中会排出棕/黑液,所述“棕/黑液”的重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围;且“棕/黑液”中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与其所含水的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,其pH值皆不超出5.0~9.4范围;使用的助剂中,所含苛性碱、氨、铵盐、过氧化物、生物酶的任一或多种的总含量为0;或和制备中使用水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,对纤维表面实施低灰分的晶须接枝/包覆,所述“晶须助剂”,其添加量对主产品α中绝干纤维100重量份,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;所述主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品,其入水或再经搅拌后能不浮水面;所述α,其中又可被细分有α-1——被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品,和α-2——被控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的亲水疏解纤维产品;副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品,以前述“棕/黑液”为原料所制获;所述β,其中又可被细分有β-1——由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-2——由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品,β-3由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品,至少以前述“废木的碎化物”之中的另一部分:“过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物”与“废塑料”为原料,或和再与与前述“棕/黑液”存在传质联系,使用生物质燃料颗粒机制粒。
- 权利要求1所述的“主产品α”,其特征至少包括如下A至F,或再与G的组合:A.所用原料:包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物为原料之中的一部分:过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混合粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物;B.副产物料:副产物料1:在制所述的“α”时,会在热水脱木素/树脂工序经压/挤排出棕/黑液;所述的“棕/黑液”,其重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=90~100~300/100范围;所述“棕/黑液”中所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与其升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L,或/和所含的可溶性无机钠盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度≤0.20%(wt%),或水中所含的可溶性无机盐、钾盐、镁盐的wt%总浓度与生产实施地所取水源中的总浓度之差≤0.01%(wt%),“棕/黑液”之pH值皆不超出5.0~9.4范围;或和副产物料2:使用活性炭和酸性白土,对前述“棕/黑液”制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥;或对前述“棕/黑液”,滴加硫酸酸化至pH值不超出7.0条件下,使用活性炭或活性炭和酸性白土制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥;或和副产物料3:使用化学或生化法,对前述“棕/黑液”制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥;C.残留色度:产品α入清水,以产品绝干料与清水按重量比=1:6所加热至70℃泡化5至10分钟后所挤获未蒸发失重清液料,以比色管直观或比色仪检测色度不浓于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水稀释16倍的色度,或仪器检测其COD或BOD值不高于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水体积稀释16倍的COD或BOD值,或用容量滴定法测其高锰酸钾退色消耗量值不高于B项所述“棕/黑液”被清水体积稀释16倍的高锰酸钾退色消耗量值;D.产品剂型:产品α的剂型可为含水不多于75%呈松散肉松状潮料、含水不多于20%的肉松状干料、含水不多于20%的纸状干料、含水不多于20%的呈压实砖状干料、含水不多于20%的呈压实颗粒状干料的任一种;E.物性特征:被控制为低亲水之打浆度<16°SR的α-1,或α-1与控制呈高亲水之打浆度≥16°SR的α-2之可被方便任意掺配的两组料;在与标样团料——天牛幼虫或木蠹蛾幼虫蛀食柳树杆的粪便所制标样,做团料对团料的对掐测试中,α-1或α-2的硬度≤的标样硬度;在与标样团料,做团料对团料的对搓至少10次测试中,以裸眼看或用天平秤重比较,α-1或α-2的散落屑量不多于标样散落屑量的5倍;F.产程特征:生产过程里,所涉水中,所含Na+或/和K+或/和Mg2+的克摩尔与“水”的升体积之比为≤0.034mol/L;和采用不低于70℃的水至少2次浸渍纤维物料,以脱除纤维中的木素/树脂;所述的“水”流中之逐级渐浓的棕/黑液流向与纤维物料在生产过程中的流向呈逆流;或和添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,其添加量对主产品α或其中间产物里绝干纤维100重量份,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份,对纤维表面实施低灰分的晶须接枝/包覆;G.较佳参数:或B项所述的“其排出的重量份W棕/黑液,与所获主产品α中含水不超15%的绝干纤维之重量份Wα的比例在W棕/黑液/Wα=100~120~150/100范围;或和F项所述的“添加水不溶或难溶性物质做晶须助剂,其添加量对主产品α或其中间产物里绝干纤维100重量份”“为≤1~3~5重量份”,“既≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份”,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合。
- 权利要求1所述“副产品β、δ”,其中“β”的更多特征为如下3-1,其中“δ”的更多特征是如下3-2所述:3-1.所述的“β”,其至少由权利要求2中B项所述“副产物料1”、“副产物料2”、“副产物料3”的任一为原料,包括仅经包装,或再经脱水提浓或干燥处理后再作包装所获的“中间产物或产品β”,其品种、剂型特征分别为H、I:H.品种范围:由所述“副产物料1”——在热水脱木素/树脂工序经压/挤排出棕/黑液,直接使用或被经脱水浓缩后再可被配方施用的有机液体土壤改良\植物营养剂β-1,既由“棕/黑液”直接使用或蒸浓脱水而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;由所述“副产物料2”——使用吸附剂对前述“棕/黑液”制净化循环用水后所获的脱色吸附渣泥,直接使用或被经脱水干燥后再可被配方施用的有机-无机混合的胶体或固体土壤改良\植物营养剂,或作橡/塑制品的填充料的β-2,既由“棕/黑液”经吸附提浓路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;由所述“副产物料3”——使用化学或生化法对前述“棕/黑液”制净化水后所获的脱色 沉淀渣泥,直接使用或被经脱水干燥后再可被配方施用的有机-无机的胶体或固体土壤改良\植物营养剂β-3,既由“棕/黑液”经化学或生化法脱色沉淀路径而得的木素/树脂混合物产品;I.剂型包括:可为呈液体状、胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种;3-2.所述“δ”,其中“木”之特征为如下J至K的组合,其中“塑”之特征为如下L或L与M的组合,所述“δ”的组成特征为如下N和O,所述“δ”的剂型为P,所述“δ”的材料质地强度为Q,所述“δ”所用及的粗粒造粒机为R:J.木之来源:其中的“木”为来源于至少是包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物之中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物;K.产品含木:由如上J项所述的“一部分”,为所述“木”在空气中自然干燥后含15%平衡水量之干基重,在产品δ总重量中占5%至78%(wt%)之范围里的任一种或多种的组合;L.塑之来源:其中的“塑”之原料,皆选材于废塑料;M.废塑品种:如L所述“废塑料”,至少包括如后所述的任一或多种的组合:废纸再生所弃的杂废塑膜渣,包括所述“杂废塑膜渣”经水浮选所获浮水含塑物,或/和沉水含塑物;商品的塑膜质废包装袋、塑膜包装袋生产中的切/冲边料、废复合塑膜材、商标标贴生产/使用中所弃的塑膜复合离型纸/膜、废铝塑复合膜、废农用塑膜;由废旧轮胎经破碎分离出的含杂聚合物纤维,从汽车中拆除出的废化纤绒布,废化纤地毯、废化纤织物、废化纤熔喷布、废化纤过滤纸;废电线塑料皮、废塑料包装带、废塑料编织袋、废土工布、废/旧塑料鞋、废塑料铺地制品、废塑料玩具、废塑料桶、废塑料瓶、废塑料土工布、废/旧塑料草坪、废杂塑料建材、废塑料管、废塑料板、废塑料文具、废塑料箱/包、废塑料杂件;废PVC人造革、废PU人造革;废泡沫塑料;N.产品组成:所述“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”的组成,至少可被设置呈甲、乙、丙、丁之第一组,或/和戊、己、更、辛之第二组,或/和壬、癸之第三组,即可在第一至第三组中的甲至癸中任取一或多种以任意比的作搀兑联用,就能方便地使木塑复合再生质粗粒的下游之塑料粒子或制品中的“木”或携“杂质”的“木”总重量投料占比为5%至78%范围,前述“携‘杂质’的‘木’”中的两者重量之比为W杂质/W木=0~10/100,所述的“木”,为含水量不高于15%的绝干料,所述的“杂质”为如前1-1中B中所述“副产物料1”至“副产物料3”中的任一或多种的组合;“塑”和软化剂的总重量投料占比为22%至95%范围,前述“‘塑’和软化剂”中的两者重量之比为W塑/W软化剂=100/0~100:第一组:甲中包括“木”总重量投料占比为76%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为24%;乙中包括“木”总重量投料占比为35%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为65%;丙中包括“木”总重量投料占比为25%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为75%;丁中包括“木”总重量投料占比为5,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为95%;第二组:戊中包括“木”总重量投料占比为77%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为23%;己中包括“木”总重量投料占比为38%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为62%;更中包括“木”总重量投料占比为23%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为77%;辛中包括“木”总重量投料占比为10,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为90%;第三组:壬中包括“木”总重量投料占比为78%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为22%;癸中包括“木”总重量投料占比为15%,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为85%;O.随市变化:或在M项所述的“在第一至第三组中的甲至癸中任取一或多种搀兑联用,控制了在木塑复合再生质粗粒的下游塑料粒子或制品中的“木”或携“杂质”的“木”总重量投料占比为总重量投料占比为5%至78%范围,“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比为22%至95%范围”内,N项所述的“第一组”、“第二组”、“第三组”中的甲至癸的各投料组合中的“木”总重量投料占比,与“塑”和软化剂总重量投料占比,皆可按市场客户的定制来定;P.剂型特征:所述的“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”剂型为:其组成的物料按N项前述的“第一组”或/和“第二组”或/和“第三组”中的甲至癸各分组合配料投料,经粗粒造粒机处理后,所得固态的外观呈柱粒状、不规则的碎粒状、小豆/圆团粒状的任一种;Q.质地强度:如P项所述“剂型”的质地强度呈:可被人手指/掌直接拉/扳/捏/撕/抓得碎的低强度,所述“低强度”,至少是:抗拉强度≤3PMa的塑料之标样试片;R.粗粒造粒:如P项所述“粗粒造粒机”,具体是指具有连续式进/出料功能的饲料颗粒机、有机肥造粒机、生物质燃料颗粒机的任一种,或是用滚筒法处理粉料掺混液体制粒的造粒机。
- 权利要求1所述“废木或混杂废木”与“含木成份的废弃物”,至少包括:建筑施工过程中用废的方木、木模板、木跳板、脚手架竹跳板的任一或多种的混合,或/和在拆旧房时所获的杂废碎木料;所述的“方木”,还包括由层压木质的混凝土浇筑施工用废后的木模板为原料,将其裁条再制和又被用废的复合方木;所述的“木模板”,还包括层压木质、纤维板质、秸秆/木颗粒质、木/竹塑复合质的任一种之被废弃板材。
- 权利要求1所述产品集合中的“α”之制法,其工艺特征包括如下步骤一至十:步骤一——预处理备料:对废木或混杂废木先做归类分拣,或再对已归类分拣料中所含的金属或/和漆层或/和水泥块或/和沙石块或/和树皮杂质作进一步的脱杂处理,然后再对已归类、分拣、脱杂的废木或混杂废木料,实施锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理;筛取废木或混杂废木碎化物料中的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的废木细长状纤维束碎化物,排出另作利用的过28目筛的废木碎化物;或对筛取的废木细长状纤维束碎化物中仍存有金属、带漆锯屑、塑料锯屑、水泥粒、沙石粒、树皮的任一或多种组合杂质的,则再须对其施用磁选或/和风选或/和色选之机械处理,予以脱杂净化;或对已获脱杂净化的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物,再施机械膨化处理;由此获得备做步骤二处理的备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物,此“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”料以其在空气中自然吸附的平衡水量15%(wt)计的,被称之为自然绝干料;步骤二——第一次配料:取经步骤一所获的“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”料之自然绝干料:100重量份,拌入后续步骤七所述“第二次固液分离”所获的挤出水,所述“拌入”“挤出水”,在测知后续步骤四所述“第一次固液分离”所获固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份,则“拌入”的“挤出水”为不少于:2x重量份;或再拌入前述“挤出水”“2x重量份”的0.1~0.3%重量份之表面活性剂:丁基萘磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠的任一种或多种的组合,或/和椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的任一或多种 的组合;所述的“2x”对应废木细长状纤维束碎化物之自然绝干料100重量份:在25~50~300重量份范围;步骤三——加热溶出:将前述“‘备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物’料之自然绝干料100重量份”、“后续步骤七所述‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”:“2x重量份”,或和“‘挤出水’‘2x重量份’的0.1~0.3%重量份之‘表面活性剂’”,将这些物料置于一可被搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐中,对物料实施均匀搅拌和加热至70℃以上,并保温滞留至少5分钟,或被取样分析,当不见有挤出液的颜色更变深色时,即可停止此加热、保温操作;步骤四——第一次固液分离:将上述“加热、保温操作”后的物料,导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;或直接将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如权利要求1所述的“压/挤出棕/黑液”,和初脱除纤维中水溶质的待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料;本“第一次固液分离”,所获的“压/挤出棕/黑液”,其排出的重量份W压/挤出棕/黑液,与亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲之自然绝干料重量份W亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的比例,可使用常规的固液分离机械,被控制在W压/挤出棕/黑液/W亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲=25~100~300/100范围,既本“第一次固液分离”,所获潮料中“亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲”之自然绝干料重量百分含量,能被控制在80%~50%~25%范围;步骤五——第二次配料:在测知步骤四所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份后,取“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”所含之自然绝干料100重量份和所携的游离水x重量份,再拌入后续步骤十所述“第三次固液分离”所获的挤出水不少于:x重量份;或和再按权利要求1中所述“α-1”与“α-2”的差异性要求,有差别地再配加晶须助剂,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合,其对“中间产物甲的潮料”中绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既添加量≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;将本步骤五所述的第二次配料,先在搅拌槽中混匀,即成待入高浓磨处理的物料;步骤六——碾磨消潜:将步骤五所得的“待入高浓磨处理的物料”,导入高浓磨处理;或再将出高浓磨的发热物料,乘热导入带保温设置的消潜罐中保温或和加热,以不低于70℃之温静置,以松弛经高浓磨处理过程中产生的对纤维的扭结、卷曲,和对纤维中的憎水性脂类的溶出;由此步骤六处理后,获得又待固液分离之碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料;步骤七——第二次固液分离:将上述“碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料”导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离;或省去机械柔化,就将上述“碾磨或和消遣操作后的物料”直接导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如前“步 骤二”中所述的“‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和尚待最后再作新水洗涤之待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料;步骤八——第三次配料:在测知步骤七所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”固相中之自然绝干料100重量份所携的游离水为x重量份后,取“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”所含之自然绝干料100重量份和所携的游离水x重量份,再拌入新水或和脱色杂的再生水不少于:x重量份;或和再配加晶须助剂,所述的“晶须助剂”至少是氢氧化钙饱和水溶液、硅溶胶的任一种,或/和在水相中新生成的氢氧化钙、氢氧化铝、水合硅酸、硅酸钙、硅酸镁、硅酸铝、碳酸钙、二水合硫酸钙、氢氧化铁的任一或多种的组合,或/和经超细粉碎至在水中不能在半小时里自然沉淀至表层水清的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合,或和粉碎至过320目的高岭土、粘土、粉煤灰、硅灰石的任一或多种的组合,其对“中间产物乙的潮料”里的绝干纤维100重量份的添加量,为≤1~3~5~9重量份,既添加量≤1重量份或≤3重量份或≤5重量份或≤9重量份;由此步骤八的计量加水和晶须助剂,获待送步骤九处理的第三次配料;步骤九——搅拌洗涤:将上述步骤八的“第三次配料”导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;或将上述“第三次配料”直接导入搅拌机作搅拌,使新水、晶须助剂与亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料固相纤维中本来所含的旧水物料,实现充分的混合,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;由此步骤九的处理,获得待送步骤十处理的待最后挤干的物料;步骤十——第三次固液分离或和最后修饰:将上述步骤九的“待最后挤干的物料”导入固液分离机作固/液分离;由此得到如前“步骤五”中所述的“‘第三次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和最后产品——包括α-1或/和α-2之亲水疏解纤维α产品;或和再对最后产品添加掩蔽铁/锰离子的助剂:草酸、草酸钠、草酸钾、草酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸钠、四乙酰乙二胺、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠、酒石酸、酒石酸钠、葡萄糖酸、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸、二亚乙基三胺五亚甲基膦酸、二乙烯三胺五乙酸五钠、次氨基三乙酸钠的任一或以上种的组合物料,所述组合物料,其可被配成掩蔽助剂水溶液:组合物料的总摩尔加入量在0.1~1.2mol/L范围,添加掩蔽助剂水溶液的量可控制在绝干亲水疏解纤维α100重量份,加掩蔽助剂水溶液1至2重量份;或和再对最后产品添加常规量的普通防霉助剂。
- 权利要求1所述产品集合中的“β”之制法,具体涉及β-1、β-2、β-3品种,其特征至少如下:6-1.将权利要求2中B项所述“副产物料1”,既在热水脱木素/树脂工序排出的“棕/黑液”为原料,直接用盛器灌装,或被经蒸发器加热脱水浓缩后再用盛器灌装,既可获得呈液体的有机土壤改良剂或称植物营养剂产品的β-1;6-2.将权利要求2中B项所述“副产物料1”,导入装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱,对前述“副产物料1”既“棕/黑液”,作对“棕/黑液”的脱色净化,导出脱色后的水,做补充权利要求5中步骤八的“新水”,对吸饱色杂的“活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂”既“副产物料2”,除可作脱附再生外,也可将此吸饱色杂的“副产物料2”为原料,作直接装袋,或被经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋;即可相应地制获呈胶泥状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土 壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料产品的β-2;6-3.将权利要求2中B项所述“副产物料1”,使用化学/生化法对前述“棕/黑液”实施沉淀脱色的净化操作,导出脱色后的水,做补充权利要求5中步骤八的“新水”;对制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥——“副产物料3”,可直接以“副产物料3”为原料,经压滤后可直接装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋;既可相应地制获呈胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂β-3。
- 权利要求1所述产品集合中的“δ”之制法,其特征如下:7-1.备料:对权利要求3中3-2里J项所述“废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物之中的另一部分:过28目筛的废木碎化物,或过3目筛的废木碎化物”,做“δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”中的“木”备料;对购入或/和免费收集来的废塑料原料,对其呈压缩打包态或/和其中杂有大块金属、砖块类固体的原料,则须先经破碎、风选,以开松物料和脱除其中的金属、砖块类硬质固体;将脱除了杂质的蓬松废塑料作为“木塑复合再生质粗粒”中的“塑”备料;7-2.配料:按权利要求3中3-2里M或N所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”的组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂在产品总重量中的投料占比,秤重配料;7-3.造粒:将秤配好的料,经混合集料仓,再由机械输送,投于权利要求3中3-2里之Q所述“粗粒造粒机”中成粒;所述“粗粒造粒机”所使用的机械是:具有连续式进/出料功能的饲料颗粒机、有机肥造粒机、生物质燃料颗粒机的任一种,或再在前述“颗粒机”/“造粒机”之后再串联螺旋切粒中碎机;前述的“颗粒机”/“造粒机”,出机物料呈过孔模所形成的段条粒状,如将前述“段条粒状”“物料”再经串联的螺旋切粒中碎机处理,则再出机物料就呈不规则颗粒;成粒时的物料被机械挤压/摩擦所发热升温,可用向物料或/和机械中的夹层中加水方式,来操控其出机物料不超过110℃;此操作所造成的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”,其质地呈可被人手指/掌直接拉/扳/捏/撕得碎的低强度;其成粒形状至少包括呈过孔模所形成的段条粒状或呈不规则颗粒;所述“孔模”的孔形,至少包括等边或不等边长的3至12边形的任一种,或圆形;所述“粒”的大小,在过25mm至不过2.0mm筛孔范围的任一孔径的分级或混合;7-4.均化混粒:若7-3项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”在后续包装后有明显的包包不同质的质量瑕疵,则可在称重包装前加施混粒均化处理,所述的处理,既是用机械滚筒将5-3项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”导入,滚翻混合匀即可;7-5.称重包装:将符合质量要求的7-3或/和7-4项所获的“木塑复合再生质粗粒”经称重后导入市场客户认可规格的包装袋中;7-6.入库质检:将包装好的产品按序入库,并按市场客户所需知的指标项,给出各批次入库产品的质检报告作存档。
- 权利要求5至7所述“制法”所用及的设备,其特征还在于如下8-1至8-3或和8-4所述:8-1.实施权利要求5所述“步骤一”至“步骤十”,涉及设置组合机械Ⅰ至Ⅹ:对实施权利要求5所述“步骤一”的“预处理备料”用组合机械Ⅰ,其中至少包括:设置机械筛1,以筛取废木或混杂碎化物料中的过3目至不过28目筛范围的任一目数的分级或混和粒径的细长状纤维束碎化物;或在机械筛1之后再设置磁选机2或/和风选机3 或/和色选机4,以实施对筛取的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物中或仍存有金属、带漆锯屑、塑料锯屑、水泥粒、沙石粒、树皮的任一或多种组合杂质的,可对其施用磁选或/和风选或/和色选之机械处理,予以脱杂净化;或再设置膨化处理机械5,由此1、2、3、4、5的机械设置,可实现对已获脱杂净化的废木或混杂废木细长状纤维束碎化物,再施机械膨化处理;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤二”的“第一次配料”用组合机械Ⅱ,其中至少包括:设置放置“备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物”的配料仓6,盛载后续步骤七所述“第二次固液分离”所获的挤出水之液槽7,或和设置存放“表面活性剂”的料仓8,设置称重计量衡器9,设置对“第一次配料”后的混合搅拌器10;由此6、7、8、9、10的机械设置,实现对权利要求3中步骤二的“第一次配料”之实现;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤三”的“加热溶出”用组合机械Ⅲ,其中至少包括:设置设置搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐11;以此11的机械设置,实现对权利要求3中步骤三所述“‘备用废木细长状纤维束碎化物’料之自然绝干料:100重量份”、“后续步骤七所述‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”:“2x重量份”,或和“‘挤出水’‘2x重量份’的0.1~0.3%重量份之‘表面活性剂’”,将这些物料置于一可被搅拌混合和加热且保温的罐11中,对物料实施均匀搅拌和加热至70℃以上,并保温滞留的操作;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤四”的“第一次固液分离”用组合机械Ⅳ,其中至少包括:设置输送机械12、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机13,固液分离机14,存放“第一次固液分离”所获的“压/挤出棕/黑液”的储槽15;由此12、13、14、15的机械设置,实现将权利要求3中步骤四所述将“加热、保温操作后的物料导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离”,“或直接将上述加热、保温操作后的物料导入固液分离机作固/液分离”;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤五”的“第二次配料”用组合机械Ⅴ,其中至少包括:设置放置“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物甲的潮料”的存料仓16,盛载后续步骤十所述“第三次固液分离”所获的挤出水之液槽17,或和设置存放“晶须助剂”的料仓18,设置称重计量衡器19,设置对“第二次配料”后的混合搅拌器20;由此16、17、18、19、20的机械设置实现对权利要求3中“步骤五”的机械化操作;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤六”的“碾磨消潜”用组合机械Ⅵ,其中至少包括:设置高浓磨浆机21,在高浓磨浆机21的进料口之前设置待处理物料的储料仓22,在储料仓22与高浓磨浆机21之间,设置输送机构或输送机械23;在高浓磨浆机21的出料口之后,设置带保温或和加热功能的消潜罐24,在高浓磨浆机21的出料口与消潜罐24的进料口之间,设置输送机构或输送机械25;由此21、22、23、24、25的机械设置实现对权利要求3中“步骤六”的机械化操作;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤七”的“第二次固液分离”用组合机械Ⅶ,其中至少包括:设置输送机械26、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机27,固液分离机28,存放权利要求3中步骤七所述“‘第二次固液分离’所获的挤出水”之储槽19;由此26、27、28的机械设置实现对权利要求3中“步骤七”的机械化操作;对实施权利要求5所述对“步骤八”的“第三次配料”用组合机械Ⅷ,其中至少包括:设置存放权利要求5中步骤七所述“待处理亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料”之储料仓29,计量存放新水和循环净化水的储槽30,存放晶须助剂的料仓31,称量衡器32,搅拌混槽33;由此29、30、31、32、33的机械设置实现对权利要求3中“步骤八”的机械化操作;对实施权利要求5所述对“步骤九”的“搅拌洗涤”用组合机械Ⅸ,其中至少包括:在前述的“搅拌混合槽33”后设置输送机构或输送机械34、螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机35,物料暂储槽36;由此34、35、36的机械设置,实现权利要求3中步骤九所述工艺目的:将“‘第三次配料’导入螺杆或扎辊式挤浆机,对物料的纤维束再作碾挤的机械揉化处理,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽;或将上述‘第三次配料’直接导入搅拌机作搅拌,使新水与亲水疏解纤维中间产物乙的潮料固相纤维中本来所含的旧水,实现充分的混合,然后再将物料导入待最后挤干的物料暂储槽”;对实施权利要求5所述“步骤十”的“第三次固液分离或和最后修饰”用组合机械Ⅹ,其中至少包括:设置输送机构或输送机械37、固液分离机38,设置存放掩蔽铁/锰离子助剂的料槽39、存放防霉助剂的料槽40;由此37、38、39、40的机械设置,实现权利要求3中步骤十所述工艺目的:得到如权利要求3中步骤五中所述的“‘第三次固液分离’所获的挤出水”,和最后产品——包括α-1或/和α-2之亲水疏解纤维α产品;或和再做最后修饰,既减少产品的变色和被霉;8-2.实施权利要求6所述“制法”所用及的设备,涉及设置组合机械Ⅺ至ⅩⅢ:设置实施权利要求6所述及“6-1”制法的组合机械Ⅺ,其中至少包括:设置液体储存槽41,或再增设加热液体蒸发器42,和设置液体灌装机械43;由此41、42、43的机械设置,实现将权利要求2中B里所述“副产物料1”——棕/黑液,被直接用盛器灌装,或被经蒸发器加热脱水浓缩后再用盛器灌装,既可获得呈液体的有机土壤改良剂或称植物营养剂产品的β-1;或和设置实施权利要求6所述及“6-2”制法的组合机械Ⅻ,其中至少包括:设置装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱44,和设置由前述“液体储存槽41”导液体料入“装有活性炭或和脱色用酸性白土吸附剂的卧式填充床或立式填充柱44”的管路45;和设置对“脱色吸附渣泥”作“直接装袋,或被经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋”的渣泥处理包装机械46;设置储存出44之脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽47;由此44、45、46、47的机械设置,实现权利要求4中4-2所述制法的机械操作,获得“呈胶泥状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的填充料产品的β-2”;或和设置实施权利要求6所述及“6-3”制法的组合机械ⅩⅢ,其中至少包括:设置净化水用的沉淀脱色处理池48,和在前述“液体储存槽41”与沉淀脱色处理池48之间设置导出“棕/黑液”入沉淀脱色处理池48的管路49,设置由沉淀脱色处理池48之“脱色杂”清水导入前述“脱除“色杂”的再生水储槽47”的管路50,设置“对制净化水后所获的脱色沉淀渣泥,经压滤后可直接装袋,或被再经造粒或挤压、干燥脱水,再作装袋”之渣泥处理包装机械51;由此48、49、50、51的机械设置,实现权利要求4中4-3所述制法的机械操作,获得“呈胶体状、粉体状、颗粒状、压块状的任一种剂型的,有机-无机混合之固体土壤改良剂,或称植物营养剂β-3”;8-3.执行权利要求7所述“δ”之“制法”所用及的设备,涉及设置子组合机械ⅩⅣ至ⅩⅦ,其中包括:设置权利要求7中7-1的“备料”子组合装置ⅩⅣ,其中又包括:机械筛52,或再加破碎机械53、风选机械54;设置实施权利要求7中7-2的“配料”子组合装置ⅩⅤ,其中又包括:称重衡器55、分 别存放所述“木塑复合再生质粗粒”组成中“木”与“塑”和软化剂的储料仓56,和计量配料后的混合槽57;设置实施权利要求7中7-3的“造粒”子组合装置ⅩⅥ,其中又包括:输送机械58、粗粒造粒机59;设置实施权利要求7中7-4至7-5的“均化混粒”、“称重包装”子组合装置ⅩⅦ其中又包括:均化混粒机60、称重包装机械61;8-4.或和可将如前8-1至8-3中所述1至61的各单元机械,规整设置入标准集装箱中。
- 权利要求1至8所述“产品”或/和“制法”的商业运作模式,至少包括如下所述的任一或多种的组合:9-1.可由一家企业独立地实施“产品”或/和“制法”的商业运营;9-2.可由多家企业分割“产品”品种,或/和分段“制法”过程来协同地实施商业运营;9-3.可用自营或外发代工的商业模式实施“产品”或/和“制法”的商业运营。
- 权利要求1至8所述“产品”或/和“制法”或/和“设备”的用途,至少包括如下所述的任一或多种的组合:10-1.权利要求1中所述“主产品α——亲水疏解纤维产品”,其用途至少可被部分或全部地替代传统再生纸浆被用作抄纸,或是被用于包括鸡蛋托、育秧杯/盘在内的纸模塑制品,或被做进一步深加工制漂白纸浆的原料,或是被用作制备纤维素醚的原料;10-2.权利要求1中所述“副产品β——木素/树脂混合物产品”,其用途至少可被用作植物栽培中的土壤改良剂,或植物营养剂,或也可作橡/塑制品的软化剂或填充料;10-3.权利要求1中所述“副产品δ——木塑复合再生质粗粒产品”,其用途至少可被用作热挤出木塑制品用木塑颗粒的待改性或/和精制的原料,或是直接用作热挤出木塑制品的一种新剂型原料,也可作为一种供热用的颗粒质燃料;10-4.权利要求5至7所述“α”、“β”、“δ”的联产制法,其用途可被用作如权利要求2、3所述“包括建筑业在拆/建施工,或/和民居装修,或/和木业加工,或/和园林修剪在内的途径,所得到废木或混杂废木,或和含木成份的废弃物,再经锯/碾/切/锤的任一或多种组合的机械碎化再过筛处理,获得废木碎化物”或再和废塑料的绿色资源化利用;10-5.权利要求8所述“‘制法’所用及的设备”,可以作为独立的商品;10-6.权利要求1至8所述“产品”或/和“制法”或/和“设备”的用途,还可被扩展地施用于对粮、棉、油之农业大田中秸秆废弃物的资源化利用,或是扩展地施用于蔗糖业所排弃的压榨甘蔗渣、棕榈油行业所排弃的棕榈果串的利用,或是对竹子的利用。
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CN106278400A (zh) * | 2016-08-06 | 2017-01-04 | 薛润林 | 废木材预水解生产有机肥的方法 |
CN106835820A (zh) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 东莞市金田纸业有限公司 | 一种新型造纸填料的制造设备及造纸填料的制备方法 |
CN111112288A (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 南京星佛管业有限公司 | 高回收利用率建筑废弃物再利用的方法 |
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CN106278400A (zh) * | 2016-08-06 | 2017-01-04 | 薛润林 | 废木材预水解生产有机肥的方法 |
CN106835820A (zh) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 东莞市金田纸业有限公司 | 一种新型造纸填料的制造设备及造纸填料的制备方法 |
CN111112288A (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 南京星佛管业有限公司 | 高回收利用率建筑废弃物再利用的方法 |
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