WO2024088169A1 - 快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车 - Google Patents

快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024088169A1
WO2024088169A1 PCT/CN2023/125635 CN2023125635W WO2024088169A1 WO 2024088169 A1 WO2024088169 A1 WO 2024088169A1 CN 2023125635 W CN2023125635 W CN 2023125635W WO 2024088169 A1 WO2024088169 A1 WO 2024088169A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve body
quick
valve
change connector
valve core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/125635
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王帅林
Original Assignee
蔚来电池科技(安徽)有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来电池科技(安徽)有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来电池科技(安徽)有限公司
Publication of WO2024088169A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024088169A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L37/00—Couplings of the quick-acting type
    • F16L37/28—Couplings of the quick-acting type with fluid cut-off means
    • F16L37/30—Couplings of the quick-acting type with fluid cut-off means with fluid cut-off means in each of two pipe-end fittings
    • F16L37/32—Couplings of the quick-acting type with fluid cut-off means with fluid cut-off means in each of two pipe-end fittings at least one of two lift valves being opened automatically when the coupling is applied
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L43/00—Bends; Siphons
    • F16L43/02—Bends; Siphons adapted to make use of special securing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and specifically provides a quick-change joint, a quick-change joint assembly, a cooling water system and an electric vehicle.
  • pure electric vehicles mainly have two energy replenishment modes: vehicle charging and battery replacement.
  • the battery replacement replenishment mode the cooling water pipeline on the battery needs to be connected or separated from the cooling water pipeline on the vehicle.
  • quick-change connector assemblies are usually set on the cooling water pipeline of the battery and the cooling water pipeline of the vehicle to achieve quick connection and separation.
  • a valve body and a valve core are usually provided inside the quick-change connector assembly, and a flow channel is provided in the valve body.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that the cooling water has a large flow resistance when passing through the quick-change joint assembly due to size limitations.
  • a quick-change connector comprising: a first valve body, a first flow port being provided on the first valve body, a first flow channel being provided inside the first valve body and being connected to the first flow port; a first valve core, the first valve core being movably provided in the first flow channel, the first valve core being able to close or open the first flow port by moving to engage or disengage from the first valve body in a sealing manner; an outer diameter of the first valve body is D11, an outer diameter of the first valve core is P1, and the value range of D11/P1 is 1.55 to 1.74.
  • the inner diameter of the first valve body is D21, and the value range of D21/P1 is 1.3 to 1.4.
  • the inner diameter of the first flow opening is Q1
  • the value range of Q1/P1 is 1.02 to 1.03.
  • each of the first valve bodies is provided with a first valve core, the distance between two adjacent first valve cores is S, and the value range of P1/S is 0.24-0.32.
  • the first valve core has a first position for closing the first flow port and a second position for opening the first flow port; a moving distance of the first valve core from the second position to the first position is X, and a value range of P1/X is 0.75 to 1.07.
  • the outer diameter P1 of the first valve core has a size range of 11.9 mm to 15.9 mm.
  • a quick-change connector assembly comprising the quick-change connector described above.
  • the quick-change connector assembly also includes: a second valve body, which is plug-fitted with the first valve body; a collar, which is movably arranged in the second valve body, the first valve body abuts against the collar, a second flow port is arranged on the collar, the second flow port corresponds to the position of the first flow port, and the collar has a second flow channel connected with the second flow port; a second valve core, the second valve core is fixedly arranged in the second valve body, the second valve core runs through the second flow channel, the second valve core abuts against the first valve core, the collar is moved to seal or disengage with the second valve core to close or open the second flow port; the outer diameter of the second valve core is P2,
  • the value range of P2/P1 is 0.8 ⁇ P2/P1 ⁇ 1.
  • the second valve body has a plug-in cavity and a flow cavity that are interconnected, the plug-in cavity is used to be plugged in and matched with the first valve body, the first valve body is located in the plug-in cavity, the collar is arranged in the flow cavity, the inner diameter of the plug-in cavity is D1, and the value range of P2/D1 is 0.71 to 0.77.
  • the outer diameter of the second valve body is D2, and the value range of D1/D2 is 0.42-0.54.
  • a chamfer dimension between an inner diameter of the second valve body and an outer diameter of the second valve body is M4, and a value range of M4 is 10 to 12 mm.
  • the second valve body is provided with an insertion interface, and the insertion end of the first valve body is inserted into the second valve body through the insertion interface; in the insertion direction of the first valve body, the outer diameter of the insertion end of the first valve body gradually decreases, and the outer peripheral wall of the insertion end of the first valve body forms a first guide surface; in the opposite direction of the insertion direction of the first valve body, the inner diameter of the insertion interface of the second valve body gradually increases, and the inner peripheral wall of the insertion interface of the second valve body forms a second guide surface; during the insertion process of the first valve body and the second valve body, the first guide surface and the second guide surface cooperate with each other to guide the first valve body into the second valve body.
  • a difference between a minimum outer diameter of the plug-in end of the first valve body and a maximum inner diameter of the plug-in interface of the second valve body is A, and a value range of A is 5.5 mm to 9.5 mm.
  • a plug-in depth between the first valve body and the second valve body is M1
  • a value range of M1 is 24.5 to 39 mm.
  • annular sleeve is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first valve body, the annular sleeve is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first valve body to form an insertion groove, the first valve body is inserted into the second valve body, and at the same time, the second valve body is inserted in the insertion groove.
  • the first valve body has an exposed section extending to the outside of the annular sleeve, the length of the exposed section of the first valve body is M2, and the value range of M2 is 19.7-39 mm.
  • the first valve body also has a connecting section connected to the annular sleeve, and the outer surface of the connecting section of the first valve body is connected to the bottom of the plug-in groove; in the direction of plugging of the second valve body, the outer diameter of the connecting section of the first valve body gradually increases, and the length of the connecting section of the first valve body is M3, and the value range of M3 is 6 to 10 mm.
  • the inner diameter of the annular sleeve is D3, and the value range of D3 is 41-45 mm.
  • a quick-change connector comprising: a second valve
  • the second valve body comprises a plug-in cavity and a flow cavity which are interconnected, a plug-in interface is provided on the second valve body, and the plug-in cavity is communicated with the plug-in interface; a collar, the collar is movably arranged in the flow cavity, a second flow port is provided on the collar, and the collar has a second flow channel which is communicated with the second flow port; a second valve core, the second valve core is fixedly arranged in the second valve body, the second valve core is arranged through the second flow channel, the collar is moved to seal or disengage with the second valve core to close or open the second flow port; the outer diameter of the second valve core is P2, the inner diameter of the plug-in cavity is D1, and the value range of P2/D1 is 0.71-0.77.
  • the outer diameter of the second valve body is D2, and the value range of D1/D2 is 0.42-0.54.
  • a chamfer dimension between an inner diameter of the second valve body and an outer diameter of the second valve body is M4, and a value range of M4 is 10 to 12 mm.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the second valve core is P2, and the size range of P2 is 13.8-15.5 mm.
  • a quick-change connector assembly comprising the quick-change connector described above.
  • a cooling water system comprising the above-mentioned quick-change connector assembly.
  • an electric vehicle comprising the above-mentioned cooling water system.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention adjusts the size relationship between the first valve body and the first valve core so that, under the condition of size restriction, the flow resistance of cooling water is smaller when flowing through the first valve body, thereby taking both size and flow resistance into consideration and improving heat dissipation efficiency.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first valve body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the first valve body and the second valve body according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second valve body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the positional relationship of two first valve bodies in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a structure of two first valve bodies and two second valve bodies in cooperation with each other in an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram;
  • the terms “installation”, “setting”, and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components.
  • installation e.g., it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components.
  • a quick-change connector including a first valve body 10 and a first valve core 20.
  • the first valve body 10 is provided with a first flow port 11, and the first valve body 10 has a first flow channel 12 connected to the first flow port 11;
  • the first valve core 20 is movably arranged in the first flow channel 12, and the first valve core 20 moves to seal or disengage with the first valve body 10 to close or open the first flow port 11;
  • the outer diameter of the first valve body 10 is D11
  • the outer diameter of the first valve core 20 is P1
  • the value range of D11/P1 is 1.55 ⁇ 1.74.
  • the value range of D11/P1 of the quick-change connector of the present invention is 1.55 to 1.74.
  • D11 is the outer diameter of the first valve body 10
  • P1 is the outer diameter of the first valve core 20. Since the first valve core 20 is movably arranged in the first flow channel 12, the presence of the first valve core 20 will occupy a part of the space in the first flow channel 12, resulting in a reduction in the flow area of the cooling water, thereby causing the flow resistance.
  • the quick-change connector can obtain relatively excellent performance data, and the simulation data is as follows:
  • the first valve core 20 inches accounts for a smaller proportion than the first valve body 10 inches, and the area of the first flow passage 12 occupied is smaller. Therefore, the pressure drop of cooling water is small when passing through.
  • the size of the first flow port 11 is relatively large, so that the resistance of cooling water flowing through the first flow port 11 is also small. Therefore, the overall pressure drop is small.
  • the flow area between the first valve body 10 and the first valve body 10 is basically the same as the flow area of the first flow port 11.
  • the resistance received by the cooling water when flowing through the first valve core 20 is basically the same as the flow resistance received when flowing through the first flow port 11, and the overall pressure drop is minimal; when D11/P1 is reduced to 1.52, the size of the first valve core 20 is too large relative to the first valve body 10, resulting in the first flow channel 12 being too large.
  • the space for circulating cooling water is too small, and the cooling water encounters a large resistance when passing through.
  • the flow area of the first flow port 11 is greatly increased, due to the large flow resistance in the first flow channel 12, the overall pressure drop is also large, reaching a state that cannot be used; and when D11/P1 increases to 1.80, the proportion of the first valve core 20 inches relative to the first valve body 10 inches is too small.
  • the space for circulating cooling water in the first flow channel 12 is large, the resistance encountered by the water when passing through is small, but the flow area of the first flow port 11 is greatly reduced, resulting in a large flow resistance when the cooling water flows through the first flow port 11, resulting in a large overall pressure drop, reaching a state that cannot be used.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention adjusts the dimensional relationship between the first valve body 10 and the first valve core 20 so that, under the condition of dimensional restriction, the flow resistance of the cooling water is smaller when flowing through the first valve body 10, thereby taking both size and flow resistance into consideration and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the outer diameter P1 of the first valve core 20 has a size range of 11.9 mm to 15.9 mm.
  • the thickness of the first valve body 10 is fixed. Therefore, as the outer diameter D11 of the first valve body 10 changes, the inner diameter D21 of the first valve body 10 also changes accordingly, and the corresponding value range of D21/P1 is 1.3 to 1.4.
  • the ratio of the inner diameter of the first valve core 20 to the first valve body 10 is optimal, and the area of the first flow channel 12 occupied by the first valve core 20 is small.
  • the size of the first flow port 11 is relatively large, so that the resistance encountered by the cooling water when flowing through the first flow port 11 is also small, so the overall pressure drop is small; when D11/P1 is reduced to 1.3, the space occupied by the first valve core 20 in the first flow channel 12 is too large, resulting in too small a space for circulating cooling water, but the resistance encountered by the cooling water when passing through is large.
  • the flow area of the first flow port 11 increases a lot, the overall pressure drop is also large due to the large flow resistance in the first flow channel 12, reaching a state that cannot be used; and when the value of D11/P1 is greater than 1.4, it means that the space occupied by the first valve core 20 in the first flow channel 12 is very small, and the resistance encountered by the cooling water when passing through is small, but the corresponding flow area of the first flow port 11 is reduced a lot, resulting in the cooling water flowing through the first flow port 11.
  • port 11 is opened, the flow resistance increases, resulting in a large overall pressure drop, reaching a state where it cannot be used.
  • the inner diameter of the first flow port 11 is Q1, and the value range of Q1/P1 is 1.02 to 1.03.
  • a movable gap is formed between the first flow port 11 and the first valve core 20, and the movable gap can be sealed by setting a sealing ring.
  • the first valve core 20 squeezes the sealing ring at the position of the first flow port 11, thereby forming a seal.
  • first valve bodies 10 there are two first valve bodies 10 , which are arranged at intervals.
  • a first valve core 20 is arranged in each first valve body 10 , and the distance between two adjacent first valve cores 20 is S.
  • the value range of P1/S is 0.24 to 0.32.
  • the value range of P1/S for the quick-change connector of the present invention is 0.24 to 0.32.
  • S is the distance between two adjacent first valve cores 20
  • P1 is the outer diameter of the first valve core 20.
  • the distance between the two first valve cores 20 is large, so the inner diameter of the first valve body 10 can be larger, and therefore, the pressure drop when the cooling water passes through is small, among which, when the value of P1/S is 0.28, the overall pressure drop is minimum; when P1/S decreases to 0.22, it means that the flow area of the first flow port 11 is greatly reduced, resulting in a large flow resistance when the cooling water flows through the first flow port 11, resulting in a large overall pressure drop, and reaching a state that cannot be used; and when P1/S increases to 0.34, it means that the first valve core 20 inches accounts for too large a proportion of the first valve body 10 inches, resulting in too small a space for cooling water to circulate in the first flow channel 12, and the cooling water encounters a large resistance when passing through, resulting in a large overall pressure drop, and reaching a state that cannot be used.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention adjusts the distance between two adjacent first valve cores 20 and the size relationship of the first valve core 20, so that the flow resistance of the cooling water when flowing through the first valve body 10 is smaller under the condition of size restriction, taking into account both size and flow resistance, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the first valve core 20 has a first position for closing the first flow port 11 and a second position for opening the first flow port 11.
  • a spring is arranged between the first valve core 20 and the first valve body 10. When subjected to an external force, the first valve core 20 moves to the second position to open the first flow port 11, and the spring is compressed at the same time; when the external force disappears, the first valve core 20 is reset to the first position by the spring, thereby closing the first flow port 11; the moving distance of the first valve core 20 from the second position to the first position is X, and the value range of P1/X is 0.75 to 1.07.
  • the value range of P1/X for the quick-change connector of the present invention is 0.75 to 1.07.
  • X is the moving distance of the first valve core 20 from the second position to the first position
  • P1 is the outer diameter of the first valve core 20.
  • the overall pressure drop is small and the benefit is the largest.
  • the flow area between the first valve body 10 and the first valve body 10 is basically the same as the flow area of the first flow port 11. Therefore, the resistance encountered by the cooling water when flowing through the first valve core 20 is basically the same as the flow resistance encountered when flowing through the first flow port 11, and the overall pressure drop is small.
  • the pressure drop benefit is not obvious, but X increases, increasing the weight and volume; when Q/X decreases to 0.66, there is no benefit in flow resistance, on the contrary, the volume will increase, and the cost will increase.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention adjusts the distance between two adjacent first valve cores 20 and the size relationship of the first valve core 20, so that the flow resistance of the cooling water when flowing through the first valve body 10 is smaller under the condition of size restriction, taking into account both size and flow resistance, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.
  • a quick-change connector used in conjunction with the first valve body 10 comprising a second valve body 30, a collar 40 and a second valve core 50.
  • the second valve body 30 has a The plug-in cavity 31 and the flow cavity 32 are interconnected, and the second valve body 30 is provided with a plug-in port 33, and the plug-in cavity 31 is communicated with the plug-in port 33;
  • the collar 40 is movably arranged in the flow cavity 32, and a second flow port 41 is arranged on the collar 40, and the collar 40 has a second flow channel 42 communicated with the second flow port 41;
  • the second valve core 50 is fixedly arranged in the second valve body 30, and the second valve core 50 is arranged through the second flow channel 42, and the collar 40 is sealed and matched or disengaged with the second valve core 50 by moving to close or open the second flow port 41;
  • the outer diameter of the second valve core 50 is P2, the inner diameter of the plug-in cavity 31 is D1, and the value range of P2/D1 is
  • the value range of P2/D1 of the quick-change connector of the present invention is 0.71-0.77.
  • D1 is the inner diameter of the plug cavity 31
  • P2 is the outer diameter of the second valve core 50.
  • the simulation data is as follows:
  • the size of the first valve body 10 can be larger.
  • the wall thickness of the first valve body 10 and the size of the first valve core 20 are the same, the size of the first valve body 10 can be appropriately increased, and the size of the first flow channel 12 can be increased, and the resistance generated when the cooling water passes through the first valve body 10 can be reduced, so that the pressure drop is small.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention can optimize the size between the inner diameter of the plug-in chamber 31 and the second valve core 50 under the condition of size restrictions by adjusting the dimensional relationship between the inner diameter of the plug-in chamber 31 and the second valve core 50, so that the cooling water flows through the first valve core 20 and the second valve core 50.
  • the flow resistance is smaller, taking into account both size and flow resistance, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the second valve core 50 is P2, and the size range of P2 is 13.8-15.5 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the second valve body 30 is D2, and the value range of D1/D2 is 0.42 to 0.54.
  • a plug-in port 33 is provided on the second valve body 30, and the plug-in end 13 of the first valve body 10 is inserted into the second valve body 30 through the plug-in port 33; in the plug-in direction of the first valve body 10, the outer diameter of the plug-in end 13 of the first valve body 10 gradually decreases, and the outer peripheral wall of the plug-in end 13 of the first valve body 10 forms a first guide surface 131; in the opposite direction of the plug-in direction of the first valve body 10, the inner diameter of the plug-in port 33 of the second valve body 30 gradually increases, and the inner peripheral wall of the plug-in port 33 of the second valve body 30 forms a second guide surface 331; during the plug-in process of the first valve body 10 and the second valve body 30, the first guide surface 131 and the second guide surface 331 cooperate with each other to guide the first valve body 10 into the second valve body 30.
  • the chamfer dimension between the inner diameter of the second valve body 30 and the outer diameter of the second valve body 30 is M4, and the value range of M4 is 10 to 12 mm.
  • the curve formed by the second guide surface 331 is relatively smooth, which can be more conducive to the guidance of the first valve body 10 when the first valve body 10 is plugged in, thereby improving the smoothness of the plugging.
  • the difference between the minimum outer diameter of the plugging end 13 of the first valve body 10 and the maximum inner diameter of the plugging interface 33 of the second valve body 30 is A, and the value range of A is 5.5 mm to 9.5 mm.
  • the present invention also discloses a quick-change connector assembly, including the quick-change connector.
  • the quick-change connector assembly includes a first valve body 10, a first valve core 20, a second valve body 30, a collar 40, and a second valve core 50.
  • the first valve body 10 is provided with a first flow port 11, and the first valve body 10 has a first flow passage 12 connected to the first flow port 11;
  • the first valve core 20 is movably arranged in the first flow passage 12, and the first valve core 20 is moved to seal or disengage with the first valve body 10 to close or open the first flow port 11;
  • the second valve body 30 is connected to the first valve body 10, and the second valve body 30 is connected to the first valve body 10. 10 plug-in fit.
  • the collar 40 is movably disposed in the second valve body 30, and a second flow port 41 is disposed on the collar 40.
  • the collar 40 has a second flow passage 42 communicated with the second flow port 41.
  • the annular sleeve 60 is elastically connected to the second valve body 30 through a spring, thereby achieving elastic expansion and contraction.
  • the second valve core 50 is fixedly disposed in the second valve body 30, and the second valve core 50 is disposed through the second flow passage 42.
  • the second valve core 50 and the collar 40 are sealed and matched to close the second flow port 41.
  • the first valve body 10 abuts against the collar 40
  • the second flow port 41 corresponds to the position of the first flow port 11
  • the second valve core 50 abuts against the first valve core 20.
  • the second valve core 50 enters the first flow port 11 and pushes the first valve core 20 to move, so that the first valve core 20 and the first valve body 10 are disengaged, and the first flow port 11 is opened, so that the first flow port 11 is connected with the second flow port 41, and the circulation of cooling water is realized.
  • the first valve core 20 is reset by the action of the spring, thereby closing the first flow port 11, and the collar 40 is also reset by the action of its own spring, thereby closing the second flow port to prevent cooling water leakage.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention has an outer diameter of the first valve core 20 of P1 and an outer diameter of the second valve core 50 of P2, and the value range of P2/P1 is 0.8 ⁇ P2/P1 ⁇ 1.
  • P1 is the outer diameter of the first valve core 20
  • P2 is the outer diameter of the second valve core 50.
  • the size of the second valve core 50 cannot exceed that of the first valve core 20.
  • the size of the second valve core 50 can be slightly smaller than that of the first valve core 20 so that there is enough clearance between the second valve core 50 and the first flow port 11.
  • the size of the second valve core 20 cannot be too small.
  • the second valve body 30 has a plug-in cavity 31 and a flow cavity 32 which are interconnected.
  • the plug-in cavity 31 is used for plugging and matching with the first valve body 10.
  • the first valve body 10 is located in the plug-in cavity 31, and the collar 40 is arranged in the flow cavity 32.
  • the second valve body 30 is provided with a plug-in port 33, and the plug-in end 13 of the first valve body 10 is inserted into the plug-in cavity 31 through the plug-in port 33; in the plug-in direction of the first valve body 10, the outer diameter of the plug-in end 13 of the first valve body 10 gradually decreases, and the outer peripheral wall of the plug-in end 13 of the first valve body 10 forms a first guide surface 131; in the opposite direction of the plug-in direction of the first valve body 10, the inner diameter of the plug-in port 33 of the second valve body 30 gradually increases, and the inner peripheral wall of the plug-in port 33 of the second valve body 30 forms a second guide surface 331; during the plug-in process of the first valve body 10 and the second valve body 30, the first guide surface 131 cooperates with the second guide surface 331 to guide the first valve body 10 into the second valve body 30.
  • the insertion depth between the first valve body 10 and the second valve body 30 is M1, and the value range of M1 is 24.5-39 mm.
  • An annular sleeve 60 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first valve body 10, and the annular sleeve 60 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first valve body 10 to form a plug-in groove 61.
  • the first valve body 10 is plugged into the second valve body 30, and the second valve body 30 is plugged into the plug-in groove 61.
  • the first valve body 10 has an exposed section 14 extending to the outside of the annular sleeve 60.
  • the length of the exposed section 14 of the first valve body 10 is M2, and the value range of M2 is 19.7 to 39 mm, so that the first valve body 10 has enough length to be plugged and matched with the second valve body 50.
  • the first valve body 10 also has a connecting section 15 connected to the annular sleeve 60.
  • the outer surface of the first valve body 10 located at the connecting section 15 is connected to the bottom of the insertion groove 61.
  • the outer diameter of the connecting section 15 of the first valve body 10 gradually increases in the direction of the second valve body 30 insertion.
  • the length of the connecting section 15 of the first valve body 10 is M3, and the value range of M3 is 6 to 10 mm, thereby ensuring reliability while the size is relatively reasonable. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the annular sleeve 60 is D3, and the value range of D3 is 41 to 45 mm, which can better cooperate with the second valve body 30, so that the first valve body 10 and the second valve body 30 can be better matched.
  • the valve body 30 is more firm and reliable after being plugged in.
  • the invention also discloses an electric vehicle, comprising the cooling water system mentioned above.
  • spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “on the upper surface of”, “above”, etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as “above other devices or structures” or “above other devices or structures” will be positioned as “below other devices or structures” or “below other devices or structures”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” can include both “above” and “below”. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

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Abstract

本发明涉及新能源汽车技术领域，具体提供一种快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车，旨在解决现有技术中由于尺寸的限制导致冷却水经过快换接头组件时会产生较大流阻的问题。为此目的，本发明的快换接头，包括：第一阀体，第一阀体上设置有第一过流口，第一阀体内部具有与第一过流口连通的第一过流通道；第一阀芯，第一阀芯可移动地设置在第一过流通道内，第一阀芯通过移动与第一阀体密封配合或脱离配合；第一阀体的外径为D11，第一阀芯的外径为P1，D11/P1的取值范围为1.55～1.74。本发明的快换接头通过调整第一阀体与第一阀芯的尺寸关系，在尺寸限制的条件下，使冷却水在流经第一阀体时流阻更小，兼顾了尺寸与流阻，从而提高散热效率。

Description

快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2022年10月24日提交的、发明名称为“快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车”的中国专利申请CN202222797475.0的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车技术领域，具体提供一种快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车。
背景技术
目前，纯电动汽车主要有整车充电和电池更换两种能源补给模式。在更换电池的补给模式中，需要将电池上的冷却水管路和汽车上的冷却水管路对接或分离，而为了方便更换，通常会在电池的冷却水管路上和汽车的冷却水管路上设置快换接头组件，通过快换接头组件实现快速对接和分离。
为了防止冷却水泄漏，在快换接头组件内部通常设置有阀体和阀芯，在阀体内设置有流道，在将电池安装到汽车上时，冷却水管路之间对接时，阀芯与阀体分离，使电池和汽车的冷却水管路连通；当把电池从汽车上拆卸下来时，冷却水管路分离，阀芯与阀体密封配合，从而防止冷却水泄漏。
然而，现有快换接头组件中，由于装配空间有限，需要限制快换接头组件的尺寸，而尺寸的限制必然会影响冷却水经过快换接头组件时会产生的流阻，因此，如何在尺寸限制条件下，对快换组件的阀体和阀芯进行优化，减小流阻是本领域亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有由于尺寸的限制导致冷却水经过快换接头组件时会流阻较大的问题。
根据本发明的第一个方面，公开了一种快换接头，包括：第一阀体，所述第一阀体上设置有第一过流口，所述第一阀体内部具有与所述第一过流口连通的第一过流通道；第一阀芯，所述第一阀芯可移动地设置在所述第一过流通道内，所述第一阀芯通过移动与所述第一阀体密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开所述第一过流口；所述第一阀体的外径为D11，所述第一阀芯的外径为P1，D11/P1的取值范围为1.55～1.74。
进一步地，所述第一阀体的内径为D21，D21/P1的取值范围为1.3～1.4。
进一步地，所述第一过流口的内径为Q1，Q1/P1的取值范围为1.02～1.03。
进一步地，所述第一阀体为两个，两个所述第一阀体间隔设置，每个所述第一阀体内设置有一个所述第一阀芯，相邻的两个所述第一阀芯之间的距离为S，P1/S的取值范围为0.24～0.32。
进一步地，所述第一阀芯具有关闭所述第一过流口的第一位置和打开所述第一过流口的第二位置；所述第一阀芯自所述第二位置至所述第一位置的移动距离为X，P1/X的取值范围为0.75～1.07。
进一步地，所述第一阀芯的外径为P1的尺寸范围为11.9mm～15.9mm。
根据本发明的第二个方面，还公开了一种快换接头组件，包括上述的快换接头。
进一步地，所述快换接头组件还包括：第二阀体，所述第二阀体与所述第一阀体插接配合；套环，所述套环可移动地设置在所述第二阀体内，所述第一阀体抵顶在所述套环上，所述套环上设置有第二过流口，所述第二过流口与所述第一过流口位置相对应，所述套环具有与所述第二过流口连通的第二过流通道；第二阀芯，所述第二阀芯固定设置在所述第二阀体内，所述第二阀芯贯穿所述第二过流通道设置，所述第二阀芯抵顶在所述第一阀芯上，所述套环通过移动与所述第二阀芯密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开所述第二过流口；所述第二阀芯的外径为P2， P2/P1的取值范围为0.8＜P2/P1≤1。
进一步地，所述第二阀体具有相互连通的插接腔和过流腔，所述插接腔用于与所述第一阀体插接配合，所述第一阀体位于所述插接腔内，所述套环设置在所述过流腔内，所述插接腔的内径为D1，P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77。
进一步地，所述第二阀体外径为D2，D1/D2的取值范围为0.42～0.54。
进一步地，所述第二阀体的内径与所述第二阀体的外径之间的倒角尺寸为M4，M4的取值范围为10～12mm。
进一步地，所述第二阀体上设置有插接口，所述第一阀体的插接端通过所述插接口插入所述第二阀体内；在所述第一阀体的插接方向上，所述第一阀体的插接端外径逐渐缩小，所述第一阀体的插接端外周壁形成第一导向面；在所述第一阀体的插接方向的相反方向上，所述第二阀体的插接口内径逐渐增大，所述第二阀体的插接口内周壁形成第二导向面；所述第一阀体与所述第二阀体插接过程中，所述第一导向面与第二导向面相互配合，以便引导所述第一阀体进入所述第二阀体内。
进一步地，所述第一阀体的插接端最小外径与所述第二阀体的插接口最大内径之间的差值为A，A的取值范围为5.5mm～9.5mm。
进一步地，所述第一阀体与所述第二阀体的插接深度为M1，M1的取值范围为24.5～39mm。
进一步地，所述第一阀体的外周壁上设置有环形套，所述环形套与所述第一阀体的外周壁相连形成插接槽，所述第一阀体插接在所述第二阀体内，同时，所述第二阀体插设在所述插接槽内。
进一步地，所述第一阀体具有延伸至所述环形套外部的外露段，所述第一阀体的外露段长度为M2，M2的取值范围为19.7～39mm。
进一步地，所述第一阀体还具有与所述环形套相连的连接段，所述第一阀体位于连接段的外表面与所述插接槽的槽底相连；在所述第二阀体插接的方向上，所述第一阀体的连接段外径逐渐增大，所述第一阀体的连接段长度为M3，M3的取值范围为6～10mm。
进一步地，所述环形套的内径为D3，D3的取值范围为41～45mm。
根据本发明的第三个方面，还公开了一种快换接头，包括：第二阀 体，所述第二阀体具有相互连通的插接腔和过流腔，所述第二阀体上设置有插接口，所述插接腔与所述插接口连通；套环，所述套环可移动地设置在所述过流腔内，所述套环上设置有第二过流口，所述套环具有与所述第二过流口连通的第二过流通道；第二阀芯，所述第二阀芯固定设置在所述第二阀体内，所述第二阀芯贯穿所述第二过流通道设置，所述套环通过移动与所述第二阀芯密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开所述第二过流口；所述第二阀芯的外径为P2，所述插接腔的内径为D1，P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77。
进一步地，所述第二阀体外径为D2，D1/D2的取值范围为0.42～0.54。
进一步地，所述第二阀体的内径与所述第二阀体的外径之间的倒角尺寸为M4，M4的取值范围为10～12mm。
进一步地，所述第二阀芯的最大外径为P2，P2的尺寸范围为13.8～15.5mm。
根据本发明的第四个方面，还公开了一种快换接头组件，包括上述的快换接头。
根据本发明的第五个方面，还公开了一种冷却水系统，包括上述的快换接头组件。
根据本发明的第六个方面，还公开了一种电动车，包括上述的冷却水系统。
本发明的快换接头通过调整第一阀体与第一阀芯的尺寸关系，在尺寸限制的条件下，使冷却水在流经第一阀体时流阻更小，兼顾了尺寸与流阻，从而提高散热效率。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的实施例的第一阀体的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的实施例的第一阀体与第二阀体配合的结构示意图；
图3是本发明的实施例的第二阀体的结构示意图；
图4是本发明的实施例的两个第一阀体的位置关系的结构示意图；
图5是本发明的实施例的两个第一阀体与两个第二阀体配合的结构 示意图；
附图标记列表：
10、第一阀体；11、第一过流口；12、第一过流通道；13、插接端；131、第一导向面；14、外露段；15、连接段；20、第一阀芯；30、第二阀体；31、插接腔；32、过流腔；33、插接口；331、第二导向面；40、套环；41、第二过流口；42、第二过流通道；50、第二阀芯；60、环形套；61、插接槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明的保护范围不局限于说明书的内容。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第二”、“第一”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语"上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目 的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，还可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在图1所示的本发明的实施例中，公开了一种快换接头，包括第一阀体10和第一阀芯20，第一阀体10上设置有第一过流口11，第一阀体10内部具有与第一过流口11连通的第一过流通道12；第一阀芯20可移动地设置在第一过流通道12内，第一阀芯20通过移动与第一阀体10密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开第一过流口11；第一阀体10的外径为D11，第一阀芯20的外径为P1，D11/P1的取值范围为1.55～1.74。
本发明的快换接头D11/P1的取值范围为1.55～1.74，在本实施例中，D11为第一阀体10的外径，P1为第一阀芯20的外径，由于第一阀芯20可移动地设置在第一过流通道12内，因此，第一阀芯20的存在会占用一部分第一过流通道12内的空间，导致冷却水的过流面积减小，从而导致流阻的产生。因此，缩小阀芯的尺寸可以增加冷却水的过流面积，从而减少流阻；然而，由于第一阀芯20需要与第一过流口11配合，如果第一阀芯20尺寸过小，会导致第一过流口11的尺寸也要相应缩小，而第一过流口11尺寸过小，反而会导致流阻上升，因此，在两者合理的比值下，快换接头能够获得较为优秀的性能数据，仿真数据如下：
根据仿真数据可知，当D11/P1的值在1.55～1.74之间时，第一阀芯20尺相对第一阀体10寸占比较小，占用的第一过流通道12的面积较小， 因此，冷却水经过时压降较小，同时，第一过流口11尺寸也相对较大，使冷却水在流经第一过流口11的阻力也较小，因此，整体压降较小，其中，当D11/P1的值为1.63时，第一阀体10与第一阀体10之间的过流面积与第一过流口11的过流面积基本相同，因此，冷却水流经第一阀芯20时收到的阻力和流经第一过流口11时受到的流阻基本相同，整体压降最小；当D11/P1的减小到1.52时，第一阀芯20尺相对第一阀体10寸占比过大，导致第一过流通道12内流通冷却水的空间过小，冷却水经过时遇到的阻力较大，此时虽然第一过流口11过流面积增大较多，但是由于第一过流通道12内流阻较大，导致整体压降也较大，达到不能使用的状态；而当D11/P1的增大到1.80时，第一阀芯20尺相对第一阀体10寸占比过小，虽然第一过流通道12内流通冷却水的空间较大，却水经过时遇到的阻力较小，但是第一过流口11过流面积减小较多，从而导致冷却水流经第一过流口11时流阻较大，导致整体压降也较大，达到不能使用的状态。
本发明的快换接头通过调整第一阀体10与第一阀芯20的尺寸关系，在尺寸限制的条件下，使冷却水在流经第一阀体10时流阻更小，兼顾了尺寸与流阻，从而提高散热效率，优选地，第一阀芯20的外径为P1的尺寸范围为11.9mm～15.9mm。
需要说明的是，在上述仿真实验中，为了确保数据的准确性，第一阀体10的厚度是固定的，因此，随着第一阀体10外径D11的变化，第一阀体10内径D21，也相应变化，相应的D21/P1的取值范围为1.3～1.4。
当D21/P1的值在1.3～1.4之间时，第一阀芯20与第一阀体10的内径比例最佳，第一阀芯20占用的第一过流通道12的面积较小，同时，第一过流口11尺寸也相对较大，使冷却水在流经第一过流口11时，遇到的阻力也较小，因此，整体压降较小；当D11/P1的减小到1.3时，第一阀芯20在第一过流通道12内占用的空间过大，导致流通冷却水的空间过小，却水经过时遇到的阻力较大，此时虽然第一过流口11过流面积增大较多，但是由于第一过流通道12内流阻较大，导致整体压降也较大，达到不能使用的状态；而当D11/P1的取值大于1.4时，说明第一阀芯20尺占用第一过流通道12内的空间很小，冷却水经过时遇到的阻力较小，但是相应的第一过流口11过流面积减小较多，导致冷却水流经第一过流 口11时流阻增大，导致整体压降也较大，达到不能使用的状态。
第一过流口11的内径为Q1，Q1/P1的取值范围为1.02～1.03。通过将Q1/P1的取值范围限定为1.02～1.03，使第一过流口11与第一阀芯20之间形成活动间隙，同时该活动间隙可以通过设置密封圈密封，当第一阀芯20关闭时，第一阀芯20将密封圈挤压在第一过流口11位置处，从而形成密封。
如图4和图5所示，第一阀体10为两个，两个第一阀体10间隔设置，每个第一阀体10内设置有一个第一阀芯20，相邻的两个第一阀芯20之间的距离为S，P1/S的取值范围为0.24～0.32。
本发明的快换接头，P1/S的取值范围为0.24～0.32，在本实施例中，S为相邻的两个第一阀芯20之间的距离，P1为第一阀芯20的外径，在两者合理的比值下，快换接头能够获得较为优秀的性能数据，仿真数据如下：
根据仿真数据可知，当P1/S的值在0.24～0.32之间时，两个第一阀芯20之间的距离较大，因此第一阀体10的内径尺寸可以较大，因此，冷却水经过时压降较小，其中，当P1/S的值为0.28时，整体压降最小；当P1/S的减小到0.22时，说明第一过流口11过流面积减小较多，从而导致冷却水流经第一过流口11时流阻较大，导致整体压降也较大，达到不能使用的状态；而当P1/S的增大到0.34时，说明第一阀芯20尺相对第一阀体10寸占比过大，导致第一过流通道12内流通冷却水的空间过小，冷却水经过时遇到的阻力较大，导致整体压降也较大，达到不能使用的状态。本发明的快换接头通过调整相邻的两个第一阀芯20之间的距离与第一阀芯20的尺寸关系，在尺寸限制的条件下，使冷却水在流经第一阀体10时流阻更小，兼顾了尺寸与流阻，从而提高散热效率。
需要说明的是，如图2所示，第一阀芯20具有关闭第一过流口11的第一位置和打开第一过流口11的第二位置，第一阀芯20与第一阀体10间设置有弹簧，在受到外力作用时，第一阀芯20移动至第二位置，将第一过流口11打开，同时弹簧压缩；当外力消失后，第一阀芯20通过弹簧复位至第一位置，从而将第一过流口11关闭；第一阀芯20自第二位置至第一位置的移动距离为X，P1/X的取值范围为0.75～1.07。
本发明的快换接头，P1/X的取值范围为0.75～1.07，在本实施例中，X为第一阀芯20自第二位置至第一位置的移动距离，P1为第一阀芯20的外径，在两者合理的比值下，快换接头能够获得较为优秀的性能数据，仿真数据如下：
根据仿真数据可知，当P1/X的值在0.75～1.07之间时，整体压降较小且收益最大，其中，当P1/X的值为0.99时，第一阀体10与第一阀体10之间的过流面积与第一过流口11的过流面积基本相同，因此，冷却水流经第一阀芯20时受到的阻力和流经第一过流口11时受到的流阻基本相同，整体压降较小，当继续减小时，压降收益并不明显，但X却增大，增加了重量体积；当Q/X的减小到0.66时，流阻并没有收益，相反体积会增加，成本会增加，而当Q/X的增大到1.26时，说明两个过流面积减小，压降迅速增大到22kpa，达到不能使用的状态。本发明的快换接头通过调整相邻的两个第一阀芯20之间的距离与第一阀芯20的尺寸关系，在尺寸限制的条件下，使冷却水在流经第一阀体10时流阻更小，兼顾了尺寸与流阻，从而提高散热效率。
如图2和图3所示，还公开了一种与上述第一阀体10配合使用的快换接头，包括第二阀体30、套环40和第二阀芯50，第二阀体30具有相 互连通的插接腔31和过流腔32，第二阀体30上设置有插接口33，插接腔31与插接口33连通；套环40可移动地设置在过流腔32内，套环40上设置有第二过流口41，套环40具有与第二过流口41连通的第二过流通道42；第二阀芯50固定设置在第二阀体30内，第二阀芯50贯穿第二过流通道42设置，套环40通过移动与第二阀芯50密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开第二过流口41；第二阀芯50的外径为P2，插接腔31的内径为D1，P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77。
本发明的快换接头，P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77，在本实施例中，D1为插接腔31的内径，P2为第二阀芯50的外径，在两者合理的比值下，快换接头能够获得较为优秀的性能数据，仿真数据如下：
根据仿真数据可知，当P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77时，第二阀芯50与插接腔31的内壁之间间距较大，因此第一阀体10的尺寸可以更大，在第一阀体10壁厚、第一阀芯20尺寸相同的前提下，适当增大第一阀体10的尺寸，可以增加第一过流通道12的尺寸，降低冷却水经过第一阀体10时产生的阻力，从而压降较小，其中，当P2/D1的值为0.74时，整体压降最小；当P2/D1的减小到0.69时，说明第二阀芯50过小，过流腔32内径过大，不仅导致成本上升，而且此时，决定整体压降的主要因素已经变为与第二阀芯50配合的第二过流口41的尺寸，此时，继续增加插接腔31的尺寸也无法降低流阻；而当P2/D1的增大到0.78时，说明第二阀芯50过大，过流腔32内径过小，决定整体压降的主要因素变为与第一过流通道12的尺寸，此时，继续增加第二阀芯50的尺寸也无法降低流阻。本发明的快换接头通过调整插接腔31的内径与第二阀芯50之间的尺寸关系，在尺寸限制的条件下，可以使插接腔31的内径与第二阀芯50之间的尺寸最优，使冷却水在流经第一阀芯20和第二阀芯50时 流阻更小，兼顾了尺寸与流阻，从而提高散热效率。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，第二阀芯50的最大外径为P2，P2的尺寸范围为13.8～15.5mm。
进一步地，第二阀体30外径为D2，D1/D2的取值范围为0.42～0.54。通过将第二阀体30的D1/D2取值范围为0.42～0.54，可以保证内外径之间有足够的厚度形成导向结构，从而有利于在于第一阀体10插接时的导向，提高装配效率和容错率。
需要说明的是，第二阀体30上设置有插接口33，第一阀体10的插接端13通过插接口33插入第二阀体30内；在第一阀体10的插接方向上，第一阀体10的插接端13外径逐渐缩小，第一阀体10的插接端13外周壁形成第一导向面131；在第一阀体10的插接方向的相反方向上，第二阀体30的插接口33内径逐渐增大，第二阀体30的插接口33内周壁形成第二导向面331；第一阀体10与第二阀体30插接过程中，第一导向面131与第二导向面331相互配合，以便引导第一阀体10进入第二阀体30内。
进一步地，第二阀体30的内径与第二阀体30的外径之间的倒角尺寸为M4，M4的取值范围为10～12mm。如图3所示，当M4取值范围为10～12mm时，第二导向面331形成的曲线比较平滑，在第一阀体10插接时，可以更有利于第一阀体10的导向，提高插接时的流畅度。更进一步地，第一阀体10的插接端13最小外径与第二阀体30的插接口33最大内径之间的差值为A，A的取值范围为5.5mm～9.5mm。通过将A的取值范围为5.5mm～9.5mm，可以保证在第一阀体10和第二阀体30插接时有足够的容错率，从而提高插接成功率。
本发明还公开了一种快换接头组件，包括上述快换接头。具体来说，所述快换接头组件包括第一阀体10、第一阀芯20、第二阀体30、套环40和第二阀芯50，第一阀体10上设置有第一过流口11，第一阀体10内部具有与第一过流口11连通的第一过流通道12；第一阀芯20可移动地设置在第一过流通道12内，第一阀芯20通过移动与第一阀体10密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开第一过流口11；第二阀体30与第一阀体 10插接配合。套环40可移动地设置在第二阀体30内，套环40上设置有第二过流口41，套环40具有与第二过流口41连通的第二过流通道42，环形套60与第二阀体30间通过弹簧弹性连接，从而实现弹性伸缩。第二阀芯50固定设置在第二阀体30内，第二阀芯50贯穿第二过流通道42设置，第二阀芯50与套环40密封配合，以封闭第二过流口41。
第一阀体10与第二阀体30插接配合过程中，第一阀体10抵顶在套环40上，第二过流口41与第一过流口11位置相对应，同时，第二阀芯50抵顶在第一阀芯20上。当继续插接到装配位置时，第一阀体10推动套环40移动，使套环40与第二阀芯50脱离配合，第二过流口41打开，同时，第二阀芯50进入第一过流口11内并推动第一阀芯20移动，使第一阀芯20与第一阀体10脱离配合，第一过流口11打开，从而使第一过流口11与第二过流口41连通，实现冷却水的流通。
当第一阀体10与第二阀体30脱离配合时，第一阀芯20在弹簧的作用下复位，从而将第一过流口11关闭，套环40也在自己的弹簧的作用下复位，从而将第二过流口关闭，防止冷却水泄漏。
本发明的快换接头，为了减少流阻，第一阀芯20的外径为P1，第二阀芯50的外径为P2，P2/P1的取值范围为0.8＜P2/P1≤1。P1为第一阀芯20的外径，P2为第二阀芯50的外径，在两者合理的比值下，快换接头能够获得较为优秀的性能数据，仿真数据如下：
在对接时，由于第二阀芯50会进入第一过流口11内并推动第一阀芯20移动，因此，第二阀芯50尺寸不能超过第一阀芯20的尺寸，为了方便进入第一过流口11，可以使第二阀芯50的尺寸稍微小于第一阀芯20的尺寸，以便与第一过流口11之间有足够的活动间隙，但是第二阀芯20的尺寸不能过小，当P2/P1＜0.8，由于第二阀芯50的尺寸过小，使得与第一阀芯20配合后其连接面处有一个陡然变径，造成压降增大，并同 时造成第一阀芯20的分开时的反弹力增大影响密封性，因此，将P2/P1的取值范围为0.8＜P2/P1≤1可以在保证压降较小的同时，还可以保证密封性，也不会影响第二阀芯50与第一过流口11之间的相对移动，使使用过程更加流畅。
在上述实施例中，第二阀体30具有相互连通的插接腔31和过流腔32，插接腔31用于与第一阀体10插接配合，第一阀体10位于插接腔31内，套环40设置在过流腔32内。第二阀体30上设置有插接口33，第一阀体10的插接端13通过插接口33插入插接腔31内；在第一阀体10的插接方向上，第一阀体10的插接端13外径逐渐缩小，第一阀体10的插接端13外周壁形成第一导向面131；在第一阀体10的插接方向的相反方向上，第二阀体30的插接口33内径逐渐增大，第二阀体30的插接口33内周壁形成第二导向面331；第一阀体10与第二阀体30插接过程中，第一导向面131与第二导向面331相互配合，以便引导第一阀体10进入第二阀体30内。
为了保证第一阀体10与第二阀体30插接的稳定性，第一阀体10与第二阀体30的插接深度为M1，M1的取值范围为24.5～39mm。
第一阀体10的外周壁上设置有环形套60，环形套60与第一阀体10的外周壁相连形成插接槽61，第一阀体10插接在第二阀体30内，同时，第二阀体30插设在插接槽61内。通过设置环形套60并与第一阀体10外周壁形成插接槽61，可以在第一阀体10与第二阀体30插接后，形成限位结构，保证第一阀体10与第二阀体30插接的稳定性和可靠性。优选地，第一阀体10具有延伸至环形套60外部的外露段14，为了方便插接，第一阀体10的外露段14长度为M2，M2的取值范围为19.7～39mm，以便第一阀体10有足够的长度与第二阀体50插接配合。第一阀体10还具有与环形套60相连的连接段15，第一阀体10位于连接段15的外表面与插接槽61的槽底相连；为了提高第一阀体10的稳固性，在第二阀体30插接的方向上，第一阀体10的连接段15外径逐渐增大，第一阀体10的连接段15长度为M3，M3的取值范围为6～10mm，从而保证可靠性的同时尺寸也比较合理。进一步地，环形套60的内径为D3，D3的取值范围为41～45mm，可以与第二阀体30更好的配合，使第一阀体10与第二 阀体30插接配合后更加牢固可靠。
本发明还公开了一种电动车，包括上述的冷却水系统。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案， 但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种快换接头，其特征在于，包括：
    第一阀体(10)，所述第一阀体(10)上设置有第一过流口(11)，所述第一阀体(10)内部具有与所述第一过流口(11)连通的第一过流通道(12)；
    第一阀芯(20)，所述第一阀芯(20)可移动地设置在所述第一过流通道(12)内，所述第一阀芯(20)通过移动与所述第一阀体(10)密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开所述第一过流口(11)；
    所述第一阀体(10)的外径为D11，所述第一阀芯(20)的外径为P1，D11/P1的取值范围为1.55～1.74。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)的内径为D21，D21/P1的取值范围为1.3～1.4。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第一过流口(11)的内径为Q1，Q1/P1的取值范围为1.02～1.03。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)为两个，两个所述第一阀体(10)间隔设置，每个所述第一阀体(10)内设置有一个所述第一阀芯(20)，相邻的两个所述第一阀芯(20)之间的距离为S，P1/S的取值范围为0.24～0.32。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀芯(20)具有关闭所述第一过流口(11)的第一位置和打开所述第一过流口(11)的第二位置；
    所述第一阀芯(20)自所述第二位置至所述第一位置的移动距离为X，P1/X的取值范围为0.75～1.07。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀芯(20)的外径为P1的尺寸范围为11.9mm～15.9mm。
  7. 一种快换接头组件，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至6中任一项所述的快换接头。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，所述快换接头组件还包括：
    第二阀体(30)，所述第二阀体(30)与所述第一阀体(10)插接配合；
    套环(40)，所述套环(40)可移动地设置在所述第二阀体(30)内，所述第一阀体(10)抵顶在所述套环(40)上，所述套环(40)上设置有第二过流口(41)，所述第二过流口(41)与所述第一过流口(11)位置相对应，所述套环(40)具有与所述第二过流口(41)连通的第二过流通道(42)；
    第二阀芯(50)，所述第二阀芯(50)固定设置在所述第二阀体(30)内，所述第二阀芯(50)贯穿所述第二过流通道(42)设置，所述第二阀芯(50)抵顶在所述第一阀芯(20)上，所述套环(40)通过移动与所述第二阀芯(50)密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开所述第二过流口(41)；
    所述第二阀芯(50)的外径为P2，P2/P1的取值范围为0.8＜P2/P1≤1。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀体(30)具有相互连通的插接腔(31)和过流腔(32)，所述插接腔(31)用于与所述第一阀体(10)插接配合，所述第一阀体(10)位于所述插接腔(31)内，所述套环(40)设置在所述过流腔(32)内，所述插接腔(31)的内径为D1，P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀体(30)外径为D2，D1/D2的取值范围为0.42～0.54。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀体(30)的内径与所述第二阀体(30)的外径之间的倒角尺寸为M4，M4的取值范围为10～12mm。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀体(30)上设置有插接口(33)，所述第一阀体(10)的插接端(13)通过所述插接口(33)插入所述第二阀体(30)内；
    在所述第一阀体(10)的插接方向上，所述第一阀体(10)的插接端(13)外径逐渐缩小，所述第一阀体(10)的插接端(13)外周壁形成第一导向面(131)；
    在所述第一阀体(10)的插接方向的相反方向上，所述第二阀体(30) 的插接口(33)内径逐渐增大，所述第二阀体(30)的插接口(33)内周壁形成第二导向面(331)；
    所述第一阀体(10)与所述第二阀体(30)插接过程中，所述第一导向面(131)与所述第二导向面(331)相互配合，以便引导所述第一阀体(10)进入所述第二阀体(30)内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)的插接端(13)最小外径与所述第二阀体(30)的插接口(33)最大内径之间的差值为A，A的取值范围为5.5mm～9.5mm。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)与所述第二阀体(30)的插接深度为M1，M1的取值范围为24.5～39mm。
  15. 根据权利要求8所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)的外周壁上设置有环形套(60)，所述环形套(60)与所述第一阀体(10)的外周壁相连形成插接槽(61)，所述第一阀体(10)插接在所述第二阀体(30)内，同时，所述第二阀体(30)插设在所述插接槽(61)内。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)具有延伸至所述环形套(60)外部的外露段(14)，所述第一阀体(10)的外露段(14)长度为M2，M2的取值范围为19.7～39mm。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述第一阀体(10)还具有与所述环形套(60)相连的连接段(15)，所述第一阀体(10)位于连接段(15)的外表面与所述插接槽(61)的槽底相连；
    在所述第二阀体(30)插接的方向上，所述第一阀体(10)的连接段(15)外径逐渐增大，所述第一阀体(10)的连接段(15)长度为M3，M3的取值范围为6～10mm。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的快换接头组件，其特征在于，
    所述环形套(60)的内径为D3，D3的取值范围为41～45mm。
  19. 一种快换接头，其特征在于，包括：
    第二阀体(30)，所述第二阀体(30)具有相互连通的插接腔(31)和过流腔(32)，所述第二阀体(30)上设置有插接口(33)，所述插接腔(31)与所述插接口(33)连通；
    套环(40)，所述套环(40)可移动地设置在所述过流腔(32)内，所述套环(40)上设置有第二过流口(41)，所述套环(40)具有与所述第二过流口(41)连通的第二过流通道(42)；
    第二阀芯(50)，所述第二阀芯(50)固定设置在所述第二阀体(30)内，所述第二阀芯(50)贯穿所述第二过流通道(42)设置，所述套环(40)通过移动与所述第二阀芯(50)密封配合或脱离配合，以关闭或打开所述第二过流口(41)；
    所述第二阀芯(50)的外径为P2，所述插接腔(31)的内径为D1，P2/D1的取值范围为0.71～0.77。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀体(30)外径为D2，D1/D2的取值范围为0.42～0.54。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀体(30)的内径与所述第二阀体(30)的外径之间的倒角尺寸为M4，M4的取值范围为10～12mm。
  22. 根据权利要求19至21中任一项所述的快换接头，其特征在于，
    所述第二阀芯(50)的最大外径为P2，P2的尺寸范围为13.8～15.5mm。
  23. 一种快换接头组件，其特征在于，包括权利要求19至22中任一项所述的快换接头。
  24. 一种冷却水系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求7至18、23中任一项所述的快换接头组件。
  25. 一种电动车，其特征在于，包括权利要求24所述的冷却水系统。
PCT/CN2023/125635 2022-10-24 2023-10-20 快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车 WO2024088169A1 (zh)

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CN218992728U (zh) * 2022-10-24 2023-05-09 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 快换接头、快换接头组件、冷却水系统及电动车

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